Netherseal Conservation Area

Character Statement

2011

SOUTH DERBYSHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement

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Contents

Conservation Area Building Materials and Details Details and Materials Building Spaces Historic Development Development Historic Views Approaches Phases of Designation of Designation Phases

Loss and Damage Damage and Loss Map Area Conservation • Description Area Conservation Area the Conservation to Extension Proposed • • Conservation Area Analysis Analysis Area Conservation • • Introduction Introduction Summary Appendix 2 Netherseal Conservation Area: Conservation Netherseal Appendix 2 Appendix 1 Distinctive architectural details architectural Distinctive Appendix 1 Area of Archaeological Potential Potential of AreaArchaeological Netherseal Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement judgements on the merits of development applications. themeritsdevelopment judgementsonof ay f hc ae oies r vrre shrubs evergreen or conifers are 19 the in planted which of many a the in patterns 18 field regular with enclosed only was area the and agriculture for Sandstone”, land productive good, was “Bromsgrove It sandstone. permeable” of ”highly as classified knoll is which a on deposits sit primary school terrace the and church river The valley. and river the trailing alluvium of areas large free but clays, with bedrock, sandstone theupon shallow and draining rich generally The are Mease. Netherseal River in soils the around flat lowland, rolling almost by becoming largely characterised is area The time one at did village The Leicestershire. with was 1897. drawn and in only Leicestershire within into Derbyshire belong boundary County the marks also This perimeter. southern its along snakes Mease, Riverwhich the by marked is village, the of and Ne Summary June 9th on Council District Derbyshire 2011. South by extended was and 1978, July 13th Council on District Derbyshire South by designated was Area Conservation Netherseal The professional making when Council the by used be will future also for document opportunities It thus This and protection. interest enhancement. of special that worthy to damage Netherseal of of degree the appearance assesses and character the makes that interest architectural and historic special the out sets It Council. District Derbyshire South T Introduction Netherseal To the north and east of Netherseal lies the South Derbyshire coalfield, which played an played 19 late the which in part important coalfield, Derbyshire South the lies Netherseal of east and north the To banks. river the along scattered trees and copses small to limited iscovertree and open ismore character the west, and by any signs of industrial development or its signs industrial ofor influence. any development by untouched largely remains village the of half southern the but 1855, in pit the of sinking the t v o the character of the village. Elsewhere, to the south the to Elsewhere, village. the of character the o ssociated with mature parkland. These mature trees, mature These parkland. mature with ssociated illage, beyond the boundary of the conservation area, was extensively developed following developed extensively was area, conservation the of boundary the beyond illage, his statement has been produced by Mel Morris Conservation for, and in association with, with, association in and for, Conservation Morris Mel by produced been has statement his th therseal lies in the extreme south of the County of Derbyshire. The edge of the parish, the of edge The Derbyshire. of County the of south extreme the in lies therseal century. The wooded areas are most commonly commonly most are areas wooded The century. Conservation Area Conservation th century, make a strong contribution strong a make century, th century development of the village. The northern part of the of part northern The village. the of development century

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Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement tural tural watercourses but the e surprising and memorable complex watercourses and brick brick boundary walls, with high e evergreen shrubs – a mixture g nt and interest along the streets and nt streets alonginterest the e 2 2 century, are preserved. To the east of the church lies th century and in its place stands Newlands House, a Leonard Cheshire th a strong sense of aantiquity strong sense a variety of lines creating building continual movem views of deciduous and evergreen trees (dominated by limes, Scots pine of Scots deciduous andandlimes, Cedars) trees (dominated evergreen by several large, mature landscaped gardens incorporating planted character zones of different the planned layout is influenced by village the is contained between these watercourses and neither presence the stream nor the river of na immediatelyis apparent predominantly brick buildings and a preponderance of buildings in stone status gentle contours and some sharp bends give rise to som spacious streets with wide streets spacious grassy verges verdant character with mature parkland trees and lar therseal Old Hall with its old, beautiful and extensive 15-acre garden and ponds, largely ome, built in 1984. A large amount of the original landscaped grounds, laid out in 1756-9 n area of archaeological potential has been defined through an assessment of the known Ne hidden andboundary andenclosed yewbylime hedges trees. walls, The River Mease is a significant river as it character drains is the mainly coalfield into that the of River a Thame. Its tightly water meandering from watercourse. The the guaranteed supply river of Netherseal, first recorded in Domesday Book (1086), and and an historic corn mill still survives its tributaries led today. The river is internationally acknowledged as to a site of ecological importance with the the establishment designation of Special Area of of Conservation, under the European Habitats Directive for the a corn mill rare presence of spined loach in (Cobitis taenia), a bottom-living fish, as well as white-clawed crayfish. The River Mease is fed by a series of tributaries,small such as the stream that runs around the northern perimeter of the Netherseal spring, and the large conservation Hooborough Brook to the east, which area, drains a large part of the South originally fed by a Derbyshire coalfield. The river has a quiet character with little impact on within the conservation area. the main views of Nethersealdistinctive characteristics The can be summarised as follows: • • H and embellished in the mid 19 A • • • • • • archaeological, documentary and plan-form evidence of the settlement. It has been carried The The grounds of two former large houses them sits dominate the Church the of conservation St. Peter. area To the and west lie between the Hall, grounds largely hidden behind of tall brick the boundary walls, which former retain mature Netherseal gardens, parkland trees and shrubberies. The demolished in the 20 Hall, which dated from the 1620s or thereabouts, was Areaof ArchaeologicalPotential Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement salse, osby rgntn i te 7 the infirst was originating settlement a possibly that established, here is it and plain, flood the above just with south, its parallel to roughly river runs the Street Church 1086. by community well-established and large “ Development Historic Analysis Area Conservation area. conservation the of boundary the with coincide necessarily not need potential archaeological of area an Consequently, shift. may focus their develop, and grow settlements as centuries, the Over that expectation ground. below reasonable be survive may periods may medieval post and/or there medieval the to relating potential evidence archaeological archaeological of area the and/or Within medieval the during activity industrial and settlement post-medievalperiods. of extent probable other the and Gardens) and shows It Parks Record. Monuments and Sites Derbyshire the from information Historic site non-statutory Registered and Monuments Ancient Scheduled (including designations statutory both encompass may potential archaeological of area An Monuments and County the Sites with the consultation and in Derbyshireat Council. Officer County Record Archaeologist area Control conservation Development each the of review Archaeologist, the of part as out Netherseal Hall (demolished) and Netherseal Old Hall. It was only in the 18 the in only was It Hall. Old Netherseal and (demolished) Hall Netherseal houses: are large two of crofts grounds the within gardens further landscaped of creation Street, the by obliterated Main into been has pattern settlement early turns any for evidence the it street the of north the where To evident. Street, Church of west Stretching s Dog Lane. The village was certainly developed along the west side of Main Street by the by Street Main of side crofts west the with along developed “tofts”) certainly was and village The Lane. “crofts” Dog on frontages of the behind lane pattern back a possibly Road, its Clifton as far (with as northwards extending settlement medieval the of part been have to appears Lane Dog Street. Main along form linear a in developed quickly have to appears Street, Church along small located group a as originated which settlement, small the but village have the for reason original the may been Mease River the of proximity The its (1086), probably closeto thepresent very mill. but Book unknown whereabouts Domesday precise in recorded was mill A right). (pictured century eighteenth is building mill present the although 1650, least at since mill present the of have site the on existed to appears mill corn water-powered A 1799. by ofin subsequently was Act enclosure confirmed Parliament pr uh ie f h sre do dw t te ie, n poal oiiae a crofts. as originated probably and River, the to down drop street the of side outh el, h cletv nm fr h ae aon Ntesa ad vrel ws led a already was Overseal, and Netherseal around area the for name collective the Seal”, ivate agreement of 1755, that the outlying farm land was enclosed from open fields. The fields. open from enclosed was land farm outlying the that 1755, of agreement ivate th etr. h pos ewe te oss n the on houses the between plots The century. 3 th century, by a by century, Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement

th century, close th century tower with full-height angle th tresses tresses that has the greatest impact in the 4 4 entury north arcade is the earliest part, but it is o o the manor house (now Netherseal Old Hall), c t the the 15 as as mediaeval churches so often are. The 13 but local scene. Ralph de Seile held the manor of Netherseal as a ofsub-tenant Earl Ferrers in the time of Henry II (1154-89), but disposed of part of it. was The sold, mill with Ferrers’ consent, Gresley, and 120 acres of land were given to the to Ralph de Cistercian Abbey of Merevale. Ralph’s son, also Ralph, gave further gifts to Merevale. This would not have met with opposition from Earl Ferrers, as Merevale was founded by Robert de Ferrers in 1148 and was therefore one of “good causes”. the The family’s monastic farm or “grange” at Netherseal, set up as a result of has these left gifts, its mark in the name and “Grange Wood” other associated placenames in partwest of the parish. the north A church was founded in the 12 century, as photographic evidence of the old buildings indicates. The presence of the th tream, as well as the river, enabled the creation of fishponds, as it was easy to divert the Eventually, the manor reverted to Earl Ridware. Ferrers, Between who 1192 granted and it 1648, in unbroken when 1192 succession through a number of families by to marriage: the de Ridware, de Stafford, de William Old de Hall was sold, the manor passed in 17 s flow of the stream and top fishponds were a up valuable and reliable the source of fresh levels food in the in medieval period for the the lord ponds. of Well-stocked the bream manor. and The pike presence L-shaped of planned the layout two of natural the watercourses. watercourses village and was the influenced village by is the contained between these The plots on the east side of Main Street, with their backs form towards the a stream, together shallow, rectilinear slice boundaries of are bordered land, by the with gardens of sparse the Hall, clearly development indicated the common orplan. roadside onto wasteland.built They appear beencroachments, to on in the 1829 1785. estate Their rear Nether (i.e. lower) and Over (i.e. upper) seal are separate parishes today, but Overseal did not have its own Anglican Netherseal. church Netherseal was sometimes, until therefore, known as 1840 Great Seile and or Church Seile. was “Seal” is spelt in various ways originally in historic documents; Seal, Sela, Scegla, Sheile or Sceyle, part and of the parish copse. probablyfrom came“scegel”, little meaningoriginally of The Domesday Book (1086) refers to “SELA” which was part of Norman the Henry large de barony Ferrers. of the Between 1066 and 1086 Henry’s the land third had been son handed Robert. over to 6 carucates smallholders,acres a of meadow.mill12 and of land and 21 villagers are mentioned with 12 Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement 1699. The Old Hall estate then passed through the Moore and Jervis families before being before families Jervis and Moore the through passed then estate Hall Old The 1699. in built Street, Church of side south the on “hospital” or almshouses the establish to funds left 1697) (died Richard nephew whose Johnson, Zachary to sold was Hall Old the 1648 In new the to place second in one. firmly Hall Old the of status the putting former village, the in land the of the at bought Crown the having majority by vast the own to came Gresleys confiscation the Mather, from purchase the their Netherseal, With Reformation. following c1564, in in there owners lands Abbey substantial Merevale already were Gresleys at the house this, before manor Even stands. new now House a Newlands where built church the manor, of west the Netherseal, George of to lord manor new the the of Gresley, lordship 1614. the around and Gresley land some sold Mather William village. the in in Netherseal at market weekly and importance and stature in diminished gradually fair estate the passed centuries the as yearly but 1311, a for grant a obtained Ridware Thomas Mather. and Vernon Pipe, TheRectorybuilt - by the Gresleyfamily c1863 NethersealAlmshouses original - datestone of 1699 (aboveleft)andof row almshouses six (right) 5 hogot h 19 property the the owned throughout Hewetts General The Major Hall itself. Old was the bought sale who Hewett, of George time the at purchaser major The 1797. in pieces in sold belonged manorto the house (OldHall) The17thcentury dovecote oncewhich th etr, sometimes century, Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement

th and 17 th , 1863 is inscribed on a th new graveyard of 1869 1869 of graveyard new Gates and yew trees to the the to trees Gatesyew and 6 6 century. In line with common practice, the Gresleys used the th sition sition to augment their own fortunes. Thomas Gresley (1734-85) lived at the Hall but enturies, it is the old hall that has stayed the course and which still bears witness to the arge foundation stone. A few years later, in 1869, a new detached graveyard was provided c long history of Netherseal’s manorial descent. It was sold out of the Manners family upon the death of Mrs. Usher (formerly Mrs. Manners) in 1980, but the Manners Trust still owns some property in the village today. Of the Gresleys’ house, all that the survives is groundsplanting in and some boundary boundary of the church. west wall and garden walls, including the impressive tall brick The “advowson” (the right to nominate a clergyman to serve the church profits and of receive the church the lands) originally belonged with the Old Hall estate, but was acquired by the Gresleys in the 17 l on on the corner Street and Street. of Main Church The village shows little physical evidence of its many entirely agricultural before the 1850s. There are two main farms independentthat we can still see today, farms, although it was although neither is in farming use - Hall Farm and The Old Stableyard. However, the village was farmed by a number of Gresley’s freeholders. estates In 1624 alone. there were The freeholders 26 electoral freeholders owning listed register land on for or community. Hall Farm have to never appears been owned by the Gresley family, the despite 1853 property shows in that the name, village, there but The a were Old Stableyard, large 18 on Church number developed Street, in association with was for the Old Hall, part and it was still of the in the same the ownership until the complex size of 1980s. buildings of The evidence for the farms suggests that they were quite small, mainly andWhere with associated the medievaltofts”. they were of “crofts layout enlarged, located on narrow sites, they were developed piecemeal and opportunistically when the land became sale. No. available 21 Church Street, slotted for between the Old Hall and the later hall, was one of the small farms (Church Farm); a long, thin “croft” can still be seen although by familyandplot secure1880 the Gresley to this incorporatehad managed it into on the 1829 estate map, the grounds of the Hall. Hall Farm also follows the pattern dictated by of the confines of the narrow long, croft and as a result much of thin this site is not visible the public.to development, St. Peter’s C. of E. Primary School was circa built 1875. established There National School. Just was beyond its northern already a boundary established by the well- Gresley lies family in 1869. would seem It that the small churchyard, the which graveyard po was was also Rector, and the same was true of his son William (d1829) and grandson William Nigel (d1847). A new rectory, separate Church Street for the Rev. Nigel from Gresley in 1863; the date June 29 the Hall, was built on the south side of letting it and sometimes residing there themselves, makingand residing letting additions. alterations andit there sometimes themselves, The Old Hall was sold around 1928 to Ernest J. Manners of the Worthington Burton Brewery in on Trent. Manners bought the therefore, despite the rise and eventual “new” supremacy of Gresley the estate in the 16 Hall as well, and demolished it. Fittingly, Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement Approaches Approaches lack of investment in the fabric of the smallest cottages during the 20 the during cottages smallest the of fabric the in theinvestment of and lack flooding) to due 1947 in closed colliery (the mining coal of loss the of result a As a built later founded in chapel, to1907. their schoolsmall adjacent Methodists Wesleyan The non-conformism. of enclave small a form to 1890, circa Chapel, Methodist Wesleyan the built was (1840) Road Clifton on Chapel Baptist the to Close 1906). Cottages (Central Street Main 40-44 at found be also can workers, colliery h rpd xaso o te ilg a te n o te 19 the of end the at village the of expansion rapid The subsequently has this ironically, Rather Netherseal Hall. to theformer gardens purpose. this for the of section southern the of partlarge a takesin garden now churchgraveyard the and happened their of any lose to wish not did they that and room of out run had church, the of south immediate the to lies a m n h nrhr hl o te ilg svrl ml gop o trae hue wr built, were houses terraced 19 the of of decades last groups the during small found are several that embellishments terracotta village the incorporating the of half northern the In environment. extension theworking of comfortable a and community of sense a the provided sermon, the around was in worship of focus Chapels, the seen where classes. be working new also the canof interests the 1855 represented in which chapels, Colliery of growth Netherseal the of sinking the following village no 17 large the and office post thatched the were as 1970s, late the housing,local character.with for infill some littleundertaken regard considerable timber-framed cottages were demolished during the 20 theduring demolished were cottages timber-framed r In 1895 700 people were employed at Netherseal Colliery. The number of shops and and shops 19 of late number the The in village Colliery. the Netherseal in listed at businesses employed were people 700 1895 In sawhowever, littledisruption. thechurch, around village the of half southern The housing. infill considerable and village, the of section ha Ne ow of timber-framed cottages which stood behind the war memorial was demolished in demolished was memorial war the behind stood which cottages timber-framed of ow nd 56-58 Main Street are good examples. A short terraced row, probably built to house house to built probably row, terraced short A examples. good are Street Main 56-58 nd uch wider area than just its own immediate residential community. The expansion of the the of expansion The community. residential immediate own its just than area wider uch s been subjected to a large amount of demolition. Many of the original thatched and and thatched original the of Many demolition. of amount large a to subjected been s th rpae b Sae os. n h nrhr hl o te ilg tee a been has there village the of half northern the In House. Seale by replaced w therseal Colliery in 1855, led to a marked change in the character of the northern northern the of character the in change marked a to led 1855, in Colliery therseal century in nearby settlements, such as Swadlincote. 7-13 Clifton Road Villas of 1896 of Villas Road Clifton 7-13 Swadlincote. as such settlements, nearby in century Approach intoApproach villagethe from Chilcote 7 th etr idctd ht t a spotn a supporting was it that indicated century T a in 20 the altered historic much the although of settlement, part significant a was and stream a of line the tracks Street Main Street. Main via north the from o h sre, h mtr gres and gardens mature the street, the of sides both lining development with Clifton of southwards continues north street The Road. the to Inn Seal The with starts proper village historic The mount of 20 of mount tkrs f h vlae t te north. the to village, the of utskirts he conservation area is approached approached is area conservation he th century. For example, a complete a example, For century. th century. There is a substantial substantial a is There century. th etr, ih h snig of sinking the with century, th th century house alongside, alongside, house century century housing on the on housing century th century, Netherseal century, Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement The conservation falls area between the Mease River watercourse that runs to andthe settlement, north tracking the the edge of the large of historic gardens. the The ground gently is inclined away to the falling gently River undulating and to the north of Church Street. The churchyard of St. Peter’s Church and the grounds of Newlands 8 8 and the church tower in the distance distance the in tower church and the View from the mill leat at river level showing the undulating land the undulating showing level river leat at mill from the View ery conservation area has a multitude of changing views, both close-range and more expansive, too numerous to cover comprehensively section describes in a selection of a general and document more specific views of that are this likely to themselves impress scope. most strongly This in a visitor’s experience of the conservation viewpoints area. Some of referred the to are document. included in the conservation area map included in this Ev trees in the grounds of Newlands House Newlands forming trees in House the grounds of a views. to backdrop The approaches from and the south-east south-west follow the gentle contours of the river valley and slowly rise as they enter the conservation area. Both the road from Chilcote and the road from Acresford offer surprising inbends the road, from up wheretowards the church. roadthe rises gently road The from views as they enter the conservation Chilcote area follows a at series of tight bends, starting at the bridge there over the is River Mease, an and important layered demolished view Netherseal Hall of and parkland the trees cottages, above Acresford on “green”, the Road brick skyline. Approaching the boundary from conservation walls area to descends has to a a little predominantly bridge rural with brick character. there is parapets, a The which sharp bend straddles and road the canopy the of stream. mature parkland From trees (lime crowds here, and horse over chestnut) the road and softens the of the verdantprovides of anthe village. character immediate sense views and, together with the wide grass verges, Views Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement the green in front of the church and Almshouses, and and Almshouses, right). (pictured Memorialgreen theWar and church the of front in green the churchyard, the by formed are spaces public formal The space Old the the at Hall, gardens Old the Rectory. and the Farm Newlands to Mill at surrounding gardens as the spaces, House, informal gardens generous important hidden largely and create private, The road spaces. wide enclosed narrower with the alternating verges, grass and by pavements created Street, Church and Street Main along running spaces informal • within butmany private grounds: domain somethepublic surprise, in of element boundary an offering most area, tall conservation the within and views key few cover a are There tree walls. dense the by channelled and restricted generally are Views of Farm. Mill at leat themill side south the from tower church the of view impressive an is There turns Street. Street Main Church into where corner the from and river the most of is side this south but the from landmark, striking main the is church the landmarks; of handful a buildings. only the are between There south the to of valley the views of commanding glimpses some occasional provide with Street, and Church road the above elevated are west its to House T Spaces • • • • • he conservation area is largely made up of a series of series a of up made largely is area conservation he h ve creig hrh tet Te hrh s the is church The Street. Church cornering view the distance Mi towards looking leat mill the from view private the t ChurchStreet theoffrom view Hall Oldtheglimpsed through themeadowand beyond Hall that footpath public the along views of exchange the fl boundaries the where thetrees and relationshipsunusual contrastand thebuildings between Street Church along views the of grounds thespace sideof thenorth House lining Newlands the to walls brick the and street the of side south the lining buildings by defined is space The foil. a forming foreground the in lawn green of expanse the with he private views to and from the Old Hall looking ac toHall views and theOld from private he Importantpublic views and alongspaces Church Street 9 ross its gardens

runs alongside Netherseal Old Netherseal alongside runs ll Farm and the church in the in church the and Farm ll m i lnmr ad backdrop and landmark ain w n n ot creating out, and in ow Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement The bedrock of Bromgrove Sandstone Sandstone Bromgrove of The bedrock near the church is a prominent feature feature prominent a is nearchurch the 10 10 century. th century or it is possible that th centuries, when transportation of heavy goods radically improved, th and 19 th century west tower of the church is built from the same sandstone as the Old th -one -one bothered to work the quarries anymore, as cal geology and availability of building materials directly influenced the form and all, characteristically consistent in a soft pink hue. Coursed sandstone, like that employed he 15 rdinarily generate much building stone but mported stone was reserved for dressings for windows and doors. Stone can be found no T a result of improved there transport. was Within a this strong area tradition brick of building. Examples timber-frame of rubblestone and used in the construction of boundary walls can be seen near the entrance to Newlands House and in front of 23-27 Church Street. Use of rubblestone in the village may have once been more extensive, displaced fashion for brick the 18 in by the i reserved for copings at the Old Hall as well as the stone window dressings at both The at the Old Hall, was also used as a plinth in the construction of the original barn within the Old Hall farmstead (now Nos. 40-42 Church Street), status. indicating a farm building of some In the 18 H Netherseal is built on an outcrop Sandstone, of a Bromsgrove pale pinkish brown outcrops. colour where This it is sandstone and classified a major aquifer as i.e. an highly underground layer of permeable, water-bearing rock, permeable from which water can be obtained by wells are or small pockets springs. and outcrops There of this stone in the immediate area and established a to the few north-west small of the are quarries village. the likely They were source for local stone, use although of the stone was very commodity. Much of the local limited, stone may have been it being a worked out by the 19 scarce appearance of Netherseal. The range of materials and the way in which they were used in local building details is intricately linked with local identity. The and appendix lists typical the special traditional building details encountered the local of bysupplemented photographs, givevernacular to details. snapshot a within the conservation area, and is Stone The rich alluvial soils of the river valley would o not The The churchyard is built upon a raised platform, a large part increasing overlooking walls,andstreet. the thus presence stone church’s the of which is retained by brick Some of the road character junctions of within village the greens. conservation Their character area broad of the village, particularly the junction of grass Main are Street with Church Street in verges front spacious enhance and the of the village school. have semi-rural and the leafy Building Materialsand Details Lo Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement i effect decorative great to used been has it and village the in material dominant the is Brick Brickwork etr ad h Vlae col Is s, oee, s ey iie. ml pnl o stone of panels Small limited. very is however, in brick17 otherwise appear use, Its School. Village the and Rectory B within Flemish bond brickwork, first used in England towards the end of the 16 the of end the towards England in used first brickwork, bond Flemish the within from arising bricks, adopted “header” were These effect. decorative contrasting their blue for used and process firing incorporated uneven buildings brick early the of Several o the from date village the been in 17 the of half second bricks have surviving would earliest bricks The kilns. where clamp record, temporary in documentary made the in pits brick local of evidence

W “dentilled” brickwork, where each alternate header brick projects to create a decorative a create to projects brick header alternate each where brickwork, “dentilled” he c 19 theof end the at bricksdecorative mouldedand for fashionnationally a was there Although Road. Clifton off Chapel TheBaptist and Church 21 Street e.g. – colour subtle buff a out in picked was effects, were headers decorative brick the instances, few create a in 1840s, to the In age. brick Victorian the in again of popular colours multiple of use the or “Polychromy”, back Hall,harking wall toolder theVillage age. to an theboundary of use does as brickwork, Bond English incorporate School Peter’s St. and Rectory 1863 The continued date. the and Netherseal within todifficult them makes thebuildings of manyin headers burnt with brickwork bond Flemish commonplace is brickwork bond Flemish Almshousesbuilt. were eetd n te ltr ulig, uh s h sal ae 17 late was small 1686 the of as dovecote such the buildings, in later use other Its in Hall. Old repeated the to walls boundary the as well as Hall T n many of the buildings from thebuildings of the17 many n orbelled eaves, some plain with several courses of brick projecting one above the other or other the aboveone projecting brick severalcourses of with plain someeaves, orbelled f theAlmshouses).f ikok a ue i te 18 the in used was rickwork his type of brickwork appears on the walls surrounding the former farmyard to the Old the to farmyard former the surrounding walls the on appears brickwork of type his dr apa t hv be slce dlbrtl fr eoaie fet hn the when effect decorative for deliberately selected been have to appear aders th ti te rn vle tee a a oa taiin f rc mkn ad hr i some is there and making brick of tradition local a was there valley Trent the ithin century, the19 century, Flared(blue)brick headers (aboveleft)and tallbrick walls(above areright) very dominant th veryNetherseal within centuryisbrickwork generally plain. th century (i.e. the dovecote and outbuildings to the Old Hall and parts and Hall Old the to outbuildings and dovecote the (i.e. century th century buildings theAlmshouses.at century and thedovecote th n ery 19 early and th century onwards. century 11 th etr fr tutrl eal sc as such details structural for century th etr gre acv. Blue alcove. garden century th century. Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement

th century th and early 19 century stone th century copings th th examples of moulded stone village on buildings such as the century, but few of them have been th century moulded stone was often deeply th 12 12 aintained arebecomingrareand sight. athey Iron estate railings appear occasionally alongside the road (pictured left), but are more gardens common of hidden the within combined Old the with Hall cast-iron parkland posts, and and simple five-bar iron Newlands horizontal posts railings House. at with regular boundary Occasionally treatment in the 19 intervals were a common historic m On the perimeter of the conservation area, hedgerows and small of trees formplantations field boundaries. entury on the smaller domestic buildings. This was the simplest and easiest lintel to hamfered hamfered to reflect Gothic styles of architecture, as in the windows surrounds at The he segmental brick arch. This is found throughout the c the the chamfered and moulded stone lintels. The earliest construct construct as the taper was accommodated wholly need cut the brick.to in the mortar joints, without the c Rectory and St. Peter’s School. lintels lintels can be seen at the Old derived Hall from classical architecture. In the where 19 they were part of a complete architrave, Almshouses, Almshouses, Mill Farm and the cornmill. It is generally found in the 18 t alls or simple iron estate railings. The main exception is the late 19 nwards. Many of the old brick walls have a moulded stone coping and stone cappings to re generally moulded – triangular, some with roll mouldings forming a ridge, in red or blue etaining wall to the churchyard. This incorporates rock-faced etaining the churchyard. to sandstone. wall incorporates This o a brick gatepiers, certainly those examples of moulded red brick copings in the walls boundary Newlandssurrounding House serving the grander and half-round properties, red brick copings to the but garden walls at the there Old Hall. 19 are other r • brick. Gateposts are infrequent but tend to be quite stone and distinctive, brick such gateposts at as the Old the Rectory or octagonal the ornate banded carved stone cappings brick to gateposts the at the Old Hall. Unusual carved timber gateposts can be seen at entrances the churchyardto the Village and Hall. the two Brick boundary walls may have been introduced into the village from the 17

effect. In a number of cases the header bricks are laid diagonally to produce a “sawtooth” pattern. Another decorative brick detail is the use of a raised brick band on the gable end of brick houses. This follows the verge, to provide a drip moulding (e.g. No. 6 Church Street), and can occasionallyis be as found stepped, at Street. 21 Church Boundaries The majority of traditional boundaries within the conservation area are formed from brick w Lintels and cills cills Lintels and common types most The of lintel are: • Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement of the19 of quarter second the in appeared and Netherseal, in used occasionally only was slate Welsh lead rolls.cloakedin are hips the Hall Old the at whilst Street, Church 23-27 and were Farm Mill at hips the tiles cloak to used Bonnet tiled. are which of all roofs, hipped its for distinctive also is Netherseal Street. Church a on on Stableyard occurs Old and Hall Old the Thisat roofs of number coping. straight a to alternative an gable, the of apex the at parapet a form to brickwork tel pthd 17 pitched steeply these of requirement the where examples of number a a are There materials. degrees, 45 more of a pitch and typical degrees 35 of minimum a between vary tiles clay and thatch with associated pitches roof The segmental brick with conjunction in used 19 late casements, a timber two-paned the are These arches. were survive to windows common most The historic of variety patternssurvive large Hall. attheOldwindow aalthough thevillage, within traditionaljoinery of formsof limited anownumber are There window stone with conjunction in used were cills surrounds. Stone brickwork. the onto directly placed was joinery window the and brickwork, the of properties weathering simple the on relying used, normally not were cills stone arches, brick segmental the with combination In of examples several are and MilltheAlmshouses). (e.g. Farm thesepractices There frame. window the on directly carried was brickwork the the or required, occasionally support the and providing lintel, lintel timber brick simple a a by supplemented for was brickwork need no often was there floor uppermost the On h eris ros n ehrel ol hv be ete tace o tld Photographic tiled. or thatched e either been have would Netherseal in roofs earliest The Roofs t

Dur Rectory the on School, Peter’s St. and the20 and used were centuries, 20th early 19th late and the in popular tiles, clay red Machine-made claytiles them. red thatcovered hand-made 19 The Stableyard). Old the and (Almshouses gable-end a ha preservedhave and been restored. Farm and Mill at casementssurvived c ype. A more unusual roof type is the use of stepped of use the is type roof unusual more A ype. tog ol a e eape rmi o te original the of remain examples few a only lthough an be found at the Almshouses, Hall Farm and 21-27 Church Street. Small-paned timber Small-paned Street. Church 21-27 and Farm Hall Almshouses, the at found be an vidence shows examples of thatched roofs, in “long straw”, although no examples survive. examples no although straw”, “long in roofs, thatched of examples shows vidence d “coped gables”, where a parapet was added at eachat added parapetwas a gables”,where “coped d th etr vlae col lo noprts hs roof this incorporates also school village century ing the 17 the ing th century (e.g. Street). century Church 21 th and 18 and th n 18 and th centuries pitched roofs often roofs pitched centuries th etr ros survive, roofs century th century Village century Hall. 13 Stepped brickStepped parapet to roofat th Smithy atSmithythe OldStableyard century window pattern that pattern window century Grade Grade listedII former Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement

th century terraced th 14 14 The character of Church with Street wide grassy is verges, mainly spacious on the side north of the street, and principally lining generous the pavements, south side of the This street. sense of buildings set spaciousness back at the junction of the streets is enhanced on by splayed frontages angles and by addressing generous many of the private ruralThe houses. character front both gardens to street of the village is further increased by the he character of Netherseal village is very mixed. The conservation area lies within the ows of cottages adjacent to the grounds to of adjacent House. of cottages Newlands ows r amount amount of tree cover, sometimes planted hedges dominating running at the back of walls and occasional views views out across the river valley and crowding over ruralinto the south to Leicestershire. the road, and At the core of the conservation area is the green space or “green” created where the old churchyard meets the substantial brick wall opposite the Almshouses. The gentle curve of the tall 3-metre high red brick walls leads the eye around Street. from The Main open Street space into Church created here has a distinct strong andcontrasts - memorable enclosed by character, high, a striking, red place brick walls of and containing a largely grassy, plain, mown bank with organic, flat expanses of away to create a smooth appearance. Large outcrops of bedrock sandstone undulate beneath the wall bedrock, worked and worn in places, with unusual trough-shaped wear marks. On the far side of the road junction, continuation of a Main Street, a grassy bank falls away in a southerly direction. A building at the junction, Ivy House, straddles Church Street and Main Street the eyeand downhillleads towards the River. To the east, the churchyard breaks forward into the road, a raised embanked platform of grass retained by substantial walls of part brick having and expanded and encroached onto the part street. The ground may sandstone; have been made up and it has the feeling of heightened for practical reasons, to accommodatesquared rock-faced graves sandstone interrupts on the regular top rhythm of of red brick being the the boundary principal stone walls, boundary bedrock. wall in the village. There The are no longer any gravestones in the churchyard to the south of the church, although a number are visible in an 18 AREA 1 This includes Church Street and the buildings on the north and setting the Hall the street, Old garden of aswell the as south sides of Conservation AreaDescription T southern half of the village, the more densely populated part being north of the Village Hall on Main Street. The conservation area contains an unspoilt group of historic buildings with the church being the pivotal centre point. Wide grassy verges form a soft foreground and mature trees provide aconservation area is comprised lush of landscaped gardens. Beyond green the conservation area, the historic backdrop village continued to originally along many Main Street, (Dog views. with Lane being some one) with off-shoots groups A of to cottages, public houses the and large typical west ancillary buildings part huddled along the west side of of the road. A the few cottages, a blacksmith’s were shop scattered alongand the eastern stabling edge of the road, supplemented by 19 Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement along the back of the pavement in a long row comprising the original 17 original the comprising row long a in pavement the of back running the street, along the of side south the line Almshouses close The settlements. a many is with as church one, the and almshouses the between relationship spiritual and physical The road. theopposite thesideof on buildings theof life the into wereintegrated Street Church of south the to buildings The theWar. II Civil which during in Charles hid oak, the Boscobel theoriginal of was which granddaughter a oak, large is a beyond and yews, clipped tall of developed pair a by framed is family graveyard the to entrance The Gresley north. the to cottages the of group a as premium a at school squeezedand 1869, grounds in thevillage between over theroad graveyard separate been have must space Graveyard was shows evidence photographic which Lebanon, of the19thdominatescentury, nowthechurchyard.in planted Cedar tall A engraving. century next to the church, served as a schoolroom.served asa nextto thechurch, 50 contained that Street, Church 21 at buildings School ancillary the and that locally said also is it although 1846, National in pupils original harmonious the been have a may 6), (No. form Schoolhouse Old the together of west which the cottages, The as To known street, the onto gable-end sits which cottage, central The group. picturesque brick-built pavement. several wide generous, are a almshouses behind sit They roof. pitched steep a gatepiers werebuilt 1868. in current there the when entrance Hall Old the from here relocated perhaps were and entrance yard a for “R. initialled and more 1678 dated Gatepiers houses. once of pair a into converted been was has barn the and in buildings filled has been east its agricultural to barn old individual the and dovecote the octagonal the between of gap the but identity pronounced The Hall. Old the with associated farm working the of part was Hall Old Netherseal oppositeYard Stable Old The stand pine Scots mature rectory the theformer gardens,punctuating within views. of groups landmark Further church. the to counterpoint a form original grounds, Rectory its Old the within Scots pine, tall of group a Street Church of section the central to Along street. the entrances from views in two point focal a the doorcase, arched its frame characteristics and drive, sweeping which distinctive gatepiers, more octagonal Its unusual enclosure. the tight include a forms opposite, walls churchyard a ssociated with farm buildings – a large two-storey brick block with tall coped gables and gables coped tall with block brick two-storey large a – buildings farm with ssociated d sihl lwr 18 lower slightly a nd I.I .” stand at the entrance to the Old Stableyard, but they seem too grand too seem they but Stableyard, Old the to entrance the at stand .” th etr rne Tee otgs olw fr mr usually more form a follow cottages These range. century 15 adoe n tpcl f h md 19 mid the of typical is and Rectory handsome Old was The 1863. in this built was but roughly Rectory Old present the church, road when displaced the the of opposite side south the on standing barn Tithe a once was There red brick boundary wall which, with the with which, wall boundary brick red tall a behind sits It very grandiose. and is large the it although Gresley, Nigel perhaps Rev. reflects occupant, first its of gravity and restraint character Its c nuy i rte pan n unadorned. and plain rather if entury, th century building century th

Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement century corn th century farmhouse and its 18 16 16 th ) ) still contains its brick-built nesting boxes, at .I.I ill, still stand. The corn mill sits to the north of the m River Mease, isolated on the flood plain. now The leat been has partially filled served in by and the stream the that runs building through site. is the An Old now alder Hall standing on its shallow own in depression, the field and outside boundary, of the former the alignment marks canal. a the conservation area The setting of the mill and the mill farm is open with a shelter belt of trees woodland running bank along of the around the the perimeter river the fields. of and The land at the south-eastern end of the conservation area falls mainly within the garden early 18 of Mill Farm. The The The old part of the house, which is set back deep site and has been greatly extendedwithin in recent years, and the the mill itself, are built from soft, contrast mellow attractively orange brickwork. with These crisp modern extension. Small stonework ranges of ancillary included buildings, situated in near the road and running along the back of the pavement, give the privacy some former its to alludesemi-industrial and character. its OldThe and Hall gardens First impressions of the Old Hall are of a romantic, eclectic building has that evolved over a long period, an intricate mixture of soft sandstone and mellow red brick, softened by trees and creepers. The most dramatic and picturesque view Street, framed of by a the pair of imposing Old gatepiers, although Hall the main is aspect of fromthe Old Hall Church is towards its private garden to the east, overlooking the large of the site. south rectangular pond, in the far of owners, A succession aware of their inplace longthe evolution of the site, theirstamped identity on the character of the Old Hall and its outbuildings and have left their mark in the form of initials and datestones. A long “leat” or “lade”, i.e. an artificial channel to confluence convey of water to the a River mill, Mease started and at the Hooborough Brook, head of water east for the mill wheel. Just west of mill,the the artificial rejoinschannel the River of the village, to provide a Mease. every level separated by decorative bands of sawtooth brickwork. It still contains access ladderarounda its awhichpotence), post. central as (known rotates rare endAt east the of village,the of the Old Hall, undulating bordering clippedgrounds the yew and privet hedges flow along the northern edge of the road. Low brick walls line the back of steep-sided verges, with intermittent short buttresses providing relief. Similar walls with providing side of the street grass verges continuity. the south line The The dovecote built in 1686 (initials (R Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement hog te ie Byn te tem the stream, the Beyond predominantly to changes site. garden the of character the water through of flow the control to of used pair is gates A sluice site. stone-lined the a through meandering in channel continues and tip northern its a is at site the stream enters stream The plantation. the managed beyond and proper garden the T as s te rgn o tee od i a i o a ytr. lhuh ihod were fishponds Although mystery. a of bit be may the19 ornamental,developed in purely these a onwards, period is Norman the from ponds sites secular these with associated commonly of origins the so maps, few a only has where vista long isthehouse. a towards there which from meadow, pond, of area the small a as to beyond far and willows, as weeping and plants east marginal the to continues space this parkland The of Oak. Red character a and Lebanon of Cedar a - trees key few a by interrupted north the to out open lawns The period. Victorian late the were in lawns tennis which as developed probably grass, of expanses level flat, two to down leads bank mown steep a terraces; e ie f h sra dfns h prmtr of perimeter the defines stream the of line he oe f hm per n ihr h 18 o 1829 or 1785 the either on appear them of none but fishponds medieval as origins had gardens have to said the are through channelled are that ponds The th century. 17 gives way to a series of lawned of series a to way gives the it as vista open separates an from terrace ditch and and brick wall low a this s Below paths. lawn gravel by edged and separated vation rectangular ele plain, two flat into divided terrace, a overlooks eastern immediately character. The natural special and a its charm of part is which enclosure forming a within bowl lies garden are the and garden domain its public the from hidden and house the of sides north and east The Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement the Old Hall garden garden the Hall Old century brick garden alcove stands th century plantation, and much of this falls th Brick boundary wall and18th century alcove - century alcove and18th wall Brick boundary 18 18 ithin ithin conservationthe area. ithin ithin the wall, most prominent when viewed from the public footpath at the back of the w On the north side of the house is garden, a courtyard triangular a separated from roughly the hay meadow to space, the west north- and from the dark woodland garden to the north-east by a metre tall 3- high forcing red wall. brick This almost faces due and was south-east clearly used for training fruit along length. Some fruit trees still its survive. A small late 17 w site. site. The wall was built barrier in to views from the multiple footpath, where the views are phases dominated by the roofscape, and with has been tall heightened, chimneys and stepped forming and stone-coped gables punctuating a the skyline. The strong wall on the east side of the walled garden is lower and stepped, enabling glimpses over to beyond. aforms It abackdrop to the wideherbaceous border. east-facing garden Beyond the walled garden lies a mysterious wooded area, trained path arch andoverto tunnel. form the a planted with yew trees, some The garden is separated from Church Street by a continuous red brick and a wall line of pollarded limes and other mature deciduous trees. sections of The the garden have upper yew trees trained and clipped to flow in cloud-like mounds above walls, the forming a brick soft capping. yews also boundary form Clipped features on the terrace. A long length of the red brick boundary wall incorporates blue “header” bricks, burnt in the firing process and used for their decorative effect. brickwork This appears type also of on surrounding the the farmyard opposite and walls other ancillary buildings. The land between the old grounds of Netherseal Hall (demolished) and the hay meadow Old through which runs a Hall public footpath that is once led directly to a the church, but was diverted to run alongside the Old Hall. The hay meadow has been maintained as such forcentury was Yard”.known18th as long and inas the “Hop as wethe late know At the edge of the hay privatethe boundary the meadow, grounds largeof of each property is marked by a deep ditch, that to the Old Hall being also used historically as a channel to semi-natural woodland, much of it replanted 20 Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement 19 late typical a of Hall that is school the of character The School. Primary E. of Netherseal C. Peter’s St. sits of area conservation the of part this overlooking and grounds Street Church of end western far the At original the were which (demolished). House Newlands wellaswest, groundsas its the to of and includes buildings This the Street, Main 2 AREA the within way its winds then stream The Hall. Hall.theOldof gardens Netherseal of grounds private old the of perimeter the and the meadow hay of the of edge boundary the along northern meanders This area. the conservation of section large a defines which haystream, the the of north runs the meadow To levels. their up top to and garden the in ponds the fill and flood pc o gen oiae b te a Mmra, n h fr o a rs cre from carved cross a of form the in 20 Memorial, distinct a has area open War this Although granite. secondary the a by is dominated Street, Main green within or just space area, conservation the of end west the At but urudn Nwad Hue r mil mtr gres a itr o tes ih an with trees of mixture a gardens, mature the19 planted shrubberies,ofduring predominantly understorey mainly are House Newlands surrounding immediately grounds The areas. distinct into separated are Hall former the of grounds The the of character the affect may this gardens. future the the in of and broken layout been has the management and affected yet planting of continuity not the of some but area, conservation have the within woodland and gardens ownership in Hignett’s Changes Michael and Settlement. church Children’s the Cheshire, Leonard ownerships: several within fall now and years the over up split been have Hall Netherseal former the of grounds original The NethersealHallformer the Newlandsand House croft. themedieval ofset thesize by parameters the follow to seems This Street. Main of off-shoot an lane, narrow a of end far the at settlement the of rest the from detached seems group, farm brick-built a Farm, Hall rather space, surroundingthespace. thebuildings than the of centre the at Memorial War the now is point focal the that so years, 100 last the over dramatically changed has space this of emphasis the and leaf in when birch ae en oe iety ikd ih h gen n rn o te hrh Te ie f Seale r of site The church. the of front in 17 dominated a by Houseformerly was green the with linked directly more been have t uh s ea o Lbnn patd o is tteqe hrce. hs wr originally were These character. statuesque one is There lawn. its a within effect individual for just or for spacing wide with groups as planted planted Lebanon, of garden, Cedar the of as phases open, such more earlier, from be may that trees other some are There less are textures and colours different the that so trimmed design. the envisaged in have been would than original noticeable been not have and years a the over forming matured have yews The leaves yew. and holly by formed evergreen mainly trees, tallest of the to skirt understorey lush a with clumps in planted trees of groups s he village cross and is an ancient open space. It was probably once much larger and may and larger much once probably was It space. open ancient an is and cross village he tand out for their contribution to this character are the tall conifers (Scots pine) and and pine) (Scots conifers tall the are character this to contribution their for out tand an alongside the lane towards Hall Farm. Seale House is largely hidden by a row of silver of row a by hidden largely is House Seale Farm. Hall towards lane the alongside an th tresses set between stone mullioned and transomed and mullioned windows.tressesset stone between etr Gti Rvvl ulig bt a a eti qaiy f ealn wt stone with detailing of quality certain a has but building, Revival Gothic century th a housecentury rowthatched and cottagesofthat 19 th century character, it was originally the site of site the originally was it character, century th century. Thespecies that Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement century. The th century. th century photographs show that this was th 20 20 century, such as inns or public houses, shops, chapels, th all limes can also be found within the garden, planted in groups or lines. Considering their he greater part of Main Street was historically an important part of the settlement, but riginal entrance to Netherseal Hall was closed up and moved slightly further north along nd blacksmith’s shop. ndshop. blacksmith’s mmature and therefore planted in the second half of the plantedmmature19 the of inand second half the therefore o Main Street and any formal character it had is now lost with a wide splayed no gatepiers. entrance The limes to andthe west of Newlands House are all that remain of another area of shrubbery, by now adominated car park. To the north of the garden is a distinct separate area of woodland, which is separated from the garden by a wrought-iron estate fence. This is now in separate ownership (the Michael Hignett’s Children’s Settlement) but was once part of the demolished Netherseal Hall site. The woodland was historically managed as native woodland, possibly for game cover, has not but been actively managed for many years. At the northern extremity running close to the stream is a thicket of holly. Within this woodland there are reputedly the remains of now longeris veryno an this and but ice-house, identifiable. overgrown To the east of Newlands House is a section of the woodland garden that is more evidently formally planted with an understorey of rhododendron and it contains some large oaks and other impressive trees. The former kitchen garden to Netherseal Hall survives in part north of and Newlands now House contains the Leonard Cheshire Archive Centre building. The brick walls stand at around 2 metres high on the north and west sides, but have been sides. removed on The the gardeners’ other potting sheds survive on the north side pressed of into the service as wall, stables and now serving have a been horse paddock. There is no evidence former orchard of trees that the the paddock has replaced. On the north side of the paddock lies afishpond. large,oval-shaped long, A narrow block of woodland defines the northern extremity of the conservation area. Its relationship to the rest of the Gresley estate is not known and it is currently except across private land. inaccessible T i girth, they were probably also planted during the second half of the 19 a The character of Main considered Street, to although be of different sufficient from historic and the architectural rest interest in of its the own right, boundary village,be extended to to include Main Street, as be far is as the junction with Clifton Road, and still a of Clifton small section Road. currently lies outside the conservation area. It was clearly developed by the late medieval period. Main Street provided the majority of and services facilities for the rest of the village, particularly evident during the 19 of of these in the far south-west corner of the garden, now crowded by other trees, including a large horse chestnut. There is also a good example churchyard, of in a front Cedar of of the Lebanon within tower, the but late 19 ProposedExtension to the Conservation Area T justifiably included within the conservation area. It is proposed, therefore, that the Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement junction with Clifton Road, and a number ofjunction buildingsRoad,the and Clifton number onRoad.with a Clifton different in appearance today from the early 20 early the from today appearance in different of grounds the qualities. materials picturesqueof to adds itsthemixture informal within trees parkland mature andline building irregular lack The views. the softening and to contributing all House, Newlands gardens, within with trees Street Main gardens, to character front leafy and green generally a is There gardens. well front have tended alike properties modern the and from houses Old back gardens. set private within buildings frontage, detached road with interspersed of are groups street as spaciousness, the street, of fronting sense the buildings a of is sides there and both built-up, line particularly buildings not is as it linear, although mainly is Street Main its of character to The pub Bush Holly The from Street, Main of stretch the includes This 3 AREA DESCRIPTION OF 35 none of individual interest. There are several older cottages and a number of 20 of number a and cottages older several are There interest. individual of none elyn col bt bit s ics f street English using architecture, of style of Revival Gothic a in pieces as built were These built street. the punctuating architecture, both School, Wesleyan its theoff-spring, and Chapel Methodist theWesleyan of frontages gable brick red paired the by dominated smaller is Road Clifton of side north The Villas. Road Clifton its pair, this opposite cottages of terrace and the and right) (pictured School Wesleyan Chapel the individual building, “daughter” of Methodist buildings of Wesleyan The particular in number interest, historic a and architectural has Road Clifton with street, the of wedge decorative castlintels.iron railingsand ornamental part this on house grandest the far is by It right). (pictured Street Main 35 No. house, Georgian of late handsome a with group associated are buildings These Clifton Road. a into eye the leading Road corner the around sweep Clifton and pavement, into the of back the line turns buildings brick single-storey Street Main As Street.historic development Main themain of follow pattern along ho d etached houses, which comprising infill of two storey form, brick and rendered, built to built rendered, and brick form, storey two of infill comprising which houses, etached uses, each set slightly back from the pavement within their own private garden frontages, garden private own their within pavement the from back slightly set each uses, an tet a te onr ih lfo Ra, r a ubr f 19 of number a are Road, Clifton with corner the at Street, Main 21 th century. Between The Holly Bush and No. No. and Bush Holly The Between century. ane wie fr ay er i had and it years very not is it so brickwork, whitewashed many rendered for white, been to painted has entrance brickwork the original the Although towards House. Newlands eye the its leads alignment south, building skewed looking slightly Road Clifton from views In Lane. Dog with corner the at road the edging Street, Main of side west a is the on located Street Main on point focal left) a (pictured and building, landmark local prominent Bush Holly The th n 20 and th th century century Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement century origin, th century building, a semi- th 22 22 century origins and it may have once been a small farmhouse th rt brick with dentilled brick eaves, part rendered, of two and a half storeys, perhaps etached pair designed to look like one house incorporating terracotta embellishments erving one of the many independent farms. No. 50 Main Street was described in 1785 as raised by a half-storey, and its massing suggests warehouse function, or a it may simply have been building converted into residential use originally from a barn with a utilitarian or with associated the farmhouseits to rear a is It tall52). (No. building on backthe located of the pavement and a prominent focal point in the street. Set south, back from is the street, a to its small brick building utilitarian function that is once revealed by served its as metal a windows, Main with smithy Street blue (pictured brick (pictured below details. below Nos. left). 56-58 right) Its is a handsome early 20 pa d (frieze, cornice, capitals and trefoil ridge tiles) and moulded brickwork, and it still retains its original windows. sash s the the Butchers Shop. It certainly has an unusual form for a dwelling, of 18 bond brickwork, the former using stone for the decorated windows and trefoil panels and the latter using simplified lancet windows made with moulded bricks. There is in engraved the front gable. foundation stones a series of In views from the west, these groups of red brick buildings and the terrace opposite today frame the entrance to the village and conservation area. mark the start of the proposed extension to the The remainder of Clifton Road is residential in character but demolition there has of been the widespread older cottages that fronted enclosure. In most cases the modern replacement dwellings have been the built without a front street and formed a strong boundary wall, e.g. sense Nos. 2-8 of Clifton Road and 17-21 Clifton Road, and it is proposed be not includedshould conservation these area. within the extended that On the east side of Main contribute to Street the character of there the street and are are of individual interest. a No. 52 is number set back of from interesting the buildings road. that Although each it is general rendered form and suggest 18 has modern windows, its proportions and

Netherseal Conservation Area Character Statement Lo of Loss ArchitecturalDetailing extension. area conservation theproposed within properties several and House School Old The Street, Church 21 as such streets, main the evident someon in and places roofare joinery coverings to external unsympatheticchanges 17 historic the replaced which Street, Main on House Seale rendered current the and Street Church 32 at bungalow the as such area, conservation the of character predominant T Newdevelopment general In posts. regular slim, with distorted.poor arein and condition, maintained and not being corroded these are bars horizontal five fence; estate-type wrought-iron T Neglectof boundaries or walls boundary of loss widespread been has there enclosure. informal particular, in 21 to Road, frontage Clifton the On as such treatment, unified a street. the of character the on effect detrimental a has enclosure ofof lossthe Street, Church part was boundary a Where detail. In of Loss boundarywalls/hedges/fences same the avoid to and alterations damaging the mistakes thefuture. in of some reverse to authority the and planning designers householders, help will these identifying that hoped is It character. this diluted have cumulatively or individually either that losses or alterations suffered has village the where instances identify also can we area conservation the of character the defining In as far by planningpermission. for achieved thisbe theneed could so development, harmful further Theagainst safeguard 1978. a as in place in area put conservation was designation the of designation undesirable the the predate of below some described Netherseal, changes At character. special their strengthens that way and a in reflects time over ofdevelop should settlements face that rather the but prevented, in be should scene” local “cherished the conserve that development Itnotwas intended World War. theSecond following change accelerated to need the of acknowledgement T Damage and Loss

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This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Oce Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. South Derbyshire District Council. LA 100019461.2010

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1 Appendix 1

Distinctive Architectural Details

NETHERSEAL

Checklist of details

The details in this appendix illustrate those building elements that help to define Netherseal’s particular character. These may be common everyday vernacular details found repeatedly throughout the conservation area or may be more exceptional, consciously designed features.

This appendix may prove useful in providing inspiration for new development, whether traditional or contemporary, if used with care. Paradoxically, the outstanding architectural details of a conservation area may not be the ones that are most typical of the area. They often belong to the important key buildings of a village and may look out of place on smaller buildings in subordinate locations. The majority of buildings in the conservation areas of South Derbyshire are plainly and simply detailed.

Boundary treatments • Estate-type wrought iron railings • Tall 2-3 metre high boundary walls in red brick with stone or moulded red brick copings • Distinctive, ornate timber and stone gateposts and gatepiers • Low brick walls with triangular blue clay copings • Red brick walls with blue header bricks

Roof types and details • Red clay tiled roofs and Staffordshire blue clay tiled roofs • Pitched roofs with raised gables and brick or stone copings • Pitched roofs with plain bargeboards • Stepped and raised red brick parapet gables • Pitched roofs with corbelled verges • Hipped plain tiled roofs with bonnet tiles or lead flashings

Chimney stacks and pots • Red brick chimneys with oversailing courses of red bricks and blue clay mouldings • Brick chimneys with engaged flues

Walls • Flemish bond red brickwork with flared (burnt) blue headers or contrasting buff headers • Red brickwork with moulded stone dressings – door and window surrounds, copings and quoins • Sawtooth and dentilled brick eaves • Plain and sawtooth raised brick bands • Datestones and personal initials

Windows • Two and three-paned casement windows • Multi-paned timber casements • Rectangular leaded-light windows and diamond lattice cast-iron casements • “Two-over-two” vertically sliding sash windows with horns

Lintels and cills • Segmental brick arched windows • Brickwork without cills or with moulded brick cills

Doors, doorcases and porches • Vertically boarded doors with strap hinges and applied mouldings • Timber open trellis porches • Panelled doors with simple “bead” mouldings BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Walls, gates and railings

Above - The old wall on the corner of Church Street and Main Street was built on top of the bedrock. The wall at the entrance to Newlands House (right) was part built in rubble sandstone. In both cases moulded red brick copings were used. They were ideally suited to following the undulating wall head (detail below).

Above right - patterned Flemish bond brickwork is predominant surrounding The Old Hall. The headers were burnt at a higher temperature, which gives them a distinct blue colour

Left - formal red brick boundary wall to The Old Hall with decorative, moulded stone copings, incorporating a roll moulding Right - tall red brick walls with double course of triangular moulded copings (The Old Hall)

Below right - detail of chamfered, moulded stone coping at The Old Stableyard

Below - moulded triangular blue brick copings finished with a roll-moulding

There are only a handful of stone walls within the village. Below right - C19 coursed, rock-faced sandstone walls to the raised churchyard. Below left - fragment of random rubble sandstone boundary wall at 23-27 Church St. Gatepiers - ornate stone and brick gatepier at The Old Rectory (above left). Carved stone cappings to brick gateposts at The Old Stableyard and The Old Hall (above right). The original datestone of 1678 has been copied with one of 1868, asserting the ownership of the Hewett family

Carved gothic timber gateposts - to the churchyard (right) and Village Hall (below) and churchyard (right). Above - estate railings of wrought iron with round bar top rail and flat bar lower rails (Church St). This type of five-bar estate railing is found in a number of places, but mainly between the private grounds and fields around the former Netherseal Hall

Right - detail of railings and post with sprigs

Left - early C20 wrought iron railings fixed to brick wall at the Village Hall, Main Street

Left - timber gates with chamfered mouldings and spiked wrought iron rails to the new churchyard on Main Street DOORS, DOORCASES AND PORCHES

Above - boarded door with wrought iron strap hinges at the Almshouses. This simple pattern, is found on the passage doorway.

The ornate, classical, stone doorcase at The Old Rectory (above) incorporates part-reeded pilasters, a cornice, dropped keystone and elaborate moulded door surround. The simple, sober, boarded and battened door is also probably original. The amount of attention paid to this doorcase reflects the important status of the house within the village, when it was first built.

Left - simple boarded shutter and taking-in door to the outbuilding behind The Old Hall. At The Old Hall (above left and right), many of the doors were restored in the 19th century. The styles reflect the high status of the house. They were old, simple styles of boarded door but embellished with ornate ironwork, studded with nails and decorative, flamboyant strap hinges.

Below left and right - 23-27 Church Street; simple panelled doors and a timber trellis porch were adopted for these workers cottages of c1890. Door of four flush panels with bead mouldings. The former Wesleyan Chapel on Clifton Road was built c1890. It has boarded doors, laid diagonally to the frame, and ornate strap hinges. The heavily modelled, “decorated” stone surround is typical of the Gothic Revival style of this late Victorian architecture.

Along Main Street, during the 19th century, most of the new detached and terraced houses were built with panelled doors. Those at 9 and 11 Clifton Road (left) have four panels with heavily modelled, applied, bolection mouldings, and a plain fanlight. ROOF TYPES AND DETAILS

Above - steep pitched roof with timber bargeboards at The Old Rectory (1863).

Left - hipped roof in plain clay tiles at Mill Farm, with hips of bonnet tiles.

Bottom left and right - hipped tiled roofs at Netherseal Old Hall and The Stable Yard. These hips have rolled lead flashings. Above and below - steep pitched roofs with raised, moulded, stone-coped gables (The Old Hall and the Village School).

Left and bottom left - stepped and raised brick parapet gables (The Old Hall and The Old Stableyard). Left - a complex roof detail combining a corbelled and dentilled verge with a raised gable with stone coped parapet (The Old Stableyard).

Above left - stepped corbelled verge (21 Church Street). Above right - plain corbelled verge (6 Old School House).

Below - a rebuilt C19 chimney of multiple engaged flues, broad oversailing cornice and moulded blue brick weatherings (The Old Hall). WALLS - Brickwork details

Decorative Flemish bond brickwork - blue brick lozenge pattern at The Old Hall (above) and detail of blue headers in the garden wall (top right). Buff headers were adopted during the mid C19 for a number of buildings (21 Church St - above right).

Right - Flemish bond brickwork with flared blue headers and moulded brickwork at the old dovecote.

Eaves details - sawtooth and dentilled corbelled brickwork at the eaves are common details. Left - sawtooth brickwork (The Old Hall). Left above - dentilled brickwork at The Old Stableyard. Decorative horizontal bands - sawtooth and corbelled brick band at the old Dovecote (above), raised brick band (top right) at Hall Farm and carved stone band with inscription of 1853 at The Old Hall (right).

WALLS - Stone details

Many of the brick buildings have stone details, such as the moulded stone window surrounds at The Old Rectory (below) and the village school (bottom right). WALLS - datestones and carvings

The village has many datestones with the initials of those who wanted to be remembered for their acts of generosity or patronage, or simply their time in this place. WINDOWS

The Old Hall exhibits the widest range of window patterns, reflecting its long history. Above right - reproduction timber mullioned and transomed window with rectangular leaded-lights (an early C18 pattern). Below right - rectangular leaded-lights within original late C17 stone mullions and transom. Above and below left - diamond lattice and plain cast iron Victorian casements. Casement windows are prevalent within the village. There are a few patterns evident. The most common is the simple two or three-light casement found at the Almshouses (top right and right) and Nos. 23-27 Church Street (bottom right).

The multi-paned casement window found at 21 Church Street (above left) is now a relatively rare survival of an old pattern.

Below left - small-paned casement window at Mill Farm, formerly a leaded-light window with 12 panes in each of the three sections. The central opening light is made from iron and is original, with one of its original saddle bars surviving across the centre. The outer frame of the window is also original, but timber glazing bars have been inserted. As the village developed along Main Street in the 19th century, many of the new houses incorporated sash windows and mass produced clay ware building materials from the Swadlincote area.

Right - 56 Main Street. The Victorian house has a bay window with vertical sliding sashes and moulded red terracotta details forming the acanthus-leaved capitals, moulded terracotta lintels and cornice.

Left - 11 Clifton Road. The moulded details in the stone lintel are replicated in the terracotta window jambs.

The vertically-sliding sash windows incorporate timber “horns”. These were added to increase the rigidity of the sash frame. This only became necessary as panes of glass grew larger, during the second half of the 19th century.

The sash windows have been removed at 35 Main Street (below), but the stone moulded wedge lintels survive, now painted white. LINTELS AND CILLS

In association with casement windows, the most common pattern of lintel is the segmental brick arch. This was often used for economy. The example at The Almshouses (left) incorporates header and stretcher bricks, many of the headers have been fired at a higher temperature and so appear almost blue. The brick infill between the arch and the window, set back, is a typical early detail.

In many instances there is neither a lintel nor a cill, as in the outbuilding at the Old Hall (left). Instead the brickwork above the window is supported on the window frame. The cill has been simply protected here, at a later date, with a lead flashing.

The lintels and cills of the larger buildings are treated as part of a complete window or door surround and are usually stone, carved and moulded, as in the example at the Old Hall (below). yright. APPENDIX 2 wn cop ce Cro ce y O LA 100019461.2010 ncil. Cou ct District ire ller of Her Majesty'sner tro Statio ysh th Derb Sou dings. ance Surveyance f of the Con on behal rdnmission of O l with the per ria cee ion or civil pro prosecut lead to and may ight opyr n c Survey mate row tion infringes C ce Ordnan ed from duc ed repro duc s map is repro Unauthoris Thi

Netherseal Conservation Area Phases of Designation

13th July 1978

9th June 2011 0 200 400

metres