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Domestic Religious Practices
UCLA UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology Title Domestic religious practices Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7s07628w Journal UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, 1(1) Author Stevens, Anna Publication Date 2009-12-21 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California DOMESTIC RELIGIOUS PRACTICES الممارسات الدينية المنزلية Anna Stevens EDITORS WILLEKE WENDRICH Editor-in-Chief University of California, Los Angeles JACCO DIELEMAN Editor Area Editor Religion University of California, Los Angeles ELIZABETH FROOD Editor University of Oxford JOHN BAINES Senior Editorial Consultant University of Oxford Short Citation: Stevens 2009, Domestic Religious Practices. UEE. Full Citation: Stevens, Anna, 2009, Domestic Religious Practices. In Willeke Wendrich and Jacco Dieleman (eds.), UCLA Encyclopedia of Egyptology, Los Angeles. http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz001nf63v 1010 Version 1, December 2009 http://digital2.library.ucla.edu/viewItem.do?ark=21198/zz001nf63v DOMESTIC RELIGIOUS PRACTICES الممارسات الدينية المنزلية Anna Stevens Religion im Alltag Pratiques religieuses privées Domestic religious practices—that is, religious conduct within a household setting—provided an outlet especially for expressing and addressing the concerns of everyday life. They can be traced throughout Egyptian dynastic history, in textual sources such as spells of healing and protection, offering and dedicatory texts, and private letters, and in cult emplacements and objects from settlement sites. Protective divinities such as Bes, Taweret, and Hathor were favored, along with ancestors who could be deceased kin, local elite, or royalty. State-level deities were also supplicated. Central practices were offering and libation, and conducting rites of protection and healing, while there was also strong recourse to protective imagery. -
The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses
The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses provides one of the most comprehensive listings and descriptions of Egyptian deities. Now in its second edition, it contains: ● A new introduction ● Updated entries and four new entries on deities ● Names of the deities as hieroglyphs ● A survey of gods and goddesses as they appear in Classical literature ● An expanded chronology and updated bibliography ● Illustrations of the gods and emblems of each district ● A map of ancient Egypt and a Time Chart. Presenting a vivid picture of the complexity and richness of imagery of Egyptian mythology, students studying Ancient Egypt, travellers, visitors to museums and all those interested in mythology will find this an invaluable resource. George Hart was staff lecturer and educator on the Ancient Egyptian collections in the Education Department of the British Museum. He is now a freelance lecturer and writer. You may also be interested in the following Routledge Student Reference titles: Archaeology: The Key Concepts Edited by Colin Renfrew and Paul Bahn Ancient History: Key Themes and Approaches Neville Morley Fifty Key Classical Authors Alison Sharrock and Rhiannon Ash Who’s Who in Classical Mythology Michael Grant and John Hazel Who’s Who in Non-Classical Mythology Egerton Sykes, revised by Allen Kendall Who’s Who in the Greek World John Hazel Who’s Who in the Roman World John Hazel The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses George Hart Second edition First published 2005 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. -
Magic in Ancient Egypt *ISBN 0292765592*
MAGIC IN ANCIENT EGYPT Geraldine Pinch British Museum Press © 1994 Geraldine Pinch Published by British Museum Press A division of British Museum Publications 46 Bloomsbury Street, London WCiB 3QQ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record of this tide is available from the British Library ISBN O 7141 0979 I Designed by Behram Kapadia Typeset by Create Publishing Services Printed in Great Britain by The Bath Press, Avon COVER Detail of faience plaque showing the protective lion-demon, Bes, c. ist century AD. FRONTISPIECE and BACK COVER One of the giant baboon statues in the area of the ruined temple of Thoth at Hermopolis, I4th century BC. Hermopolis was famous as a centre of magical knowledge. Contents Acknowledgements 7 1 EGYPTIAN MAGIC 9 2 MYTH AND MAGIC 18 3 DEMONS AND SPIRITS 3 3 4 MAGICIANS AND PRIESTS 47 5 WRITTEN MAGIC 61 6 MAGICAL TECHNIQUES 76 7 MAGIC FIGURINES AND STATUES 90 8 AMULETS 104 9 FERTILITY MAGIC 120 10 MEDICINE AND MAGIC 133 11 MAGIC AND THE DEAD 147 12 THE LEGACY OF EGYPTIAN MAGIC 161 Glossary 179 Notes 181 Bibliography 183 Illustration Acknowledgements 18 6 Index 187 Acknowledgements o general book on Egyptian magic can be written without drawing on the specialised knowledge of many scholars, and N most particularly on the work of Professor J. F. Borghouts and his pupils at Leiden. The recent translations of the Graeco-Egyptian magical papyri by a group of scholars including H. D. Betz and J. H. Johnson are essential reading for anyone interested in Egyptian magic. I gratefully acknowledge the inspiration provided by a seminar series on Egyptian magic held at Cambridge University in 1991; especially the contributions of John Baines, Janine Bourriau, Mark Collier and John Ray. -
Sacred Deities of Ancient Egypt: Ferocity and The
ARAS Connections Issue 3, 2021 SACRED DEITIES OF ANCIENT EGYPT: FEROCITY AND THE FEMININE & MOON AND EARTH AS EXPRESSIONS OF THE DIVINE MASCULINE Jacqueline Thurston The images in this paper are strictly for educational use and are protected by United States copyright laws. 1 Unauthorized use will result in criminal and civil penalties. ARAS Connections Issue 3, 2021 THERE ARE MEMORIES THAT WILL BECOME STORIES I entered Luxor Temple, one among a jostling throng of tourists. Spontaneously, I glanced back over my shoulder. I was gobsmacked—there is no other word to describe the physical force of my experience—by the sight of a beautiful low relief carving in black stone of Seshat. Over her linen dress, the goddess wore the pelt of a leopard, a garment traditionally worn by sem priests who knew the sacred secrets necessary to prepare the deceased for burial. Seshat faces an inner wall. Her placement means she remains hidden and thus usually goes unseen. Only an accidental turn of the head at precisely the right moment reveals her presence. Understand that in this moment of confrontation, I did not know her name. I did not know she was the mistress of all forms of writing, ranging from lists of captured slaves and bounty to sacred religious texts. I did not know that the precise meaning of Seshat’s enigmatic headdress remains unknown. Fully clothed in a linen dress, the claws of a leopard brushing against her arms and legs, counting the years of the reign of the pharaoh, graced by her mysterious emblem, Seshat launched me on a journey that would span a decade. -
The Social Status of Physicians in Ancient Egypt O.A
Istoriya meditsiny Istoriya meditsiny (History of Medicine) CONTENTS (History of Medicine) 2015. Vol. 2. № 1 2015. Vol. 2. № 1 GENERAL ASPECTS OF HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE Galen’s Logic: Aristotelian Heritage or Scientifi c Innovation? V.L. Vasyukov . .3 The evolution of Vesalius’s perspective on Galen’s anatomy D. Lanska . .13 Galen as Read and Perceived by Medieval Islamic Medicine H. Ebrahimnejad . 27 FROM THE HISTORY OF HEALTHCARE Formation of health insurance in Yaroslavl province E.M. Smirnova . 39 INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH The social status of physicians in Ancient Egypt O.A. Jarman, G.L. Mikirtichan . 48 From the Tokyo to Khabarovsk trials: the history of the preparation of the trial of Japanese war criminals and bacteriologist V.V. Romanova . 61 The Venetian editions of Galen of the second half of 16th century as a source of information on the history of medicine P.A. Shamin . 70 SPECIFIC QUESTIONS IN THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE Hippocrates, Celsus and Galen: Head Injury, the Brain, and the Bone J. Ganz . 78 SOURCE Natural philosophy and principles of general pathology in the Galen system (as exemplifi ed by the Ars Medica treatise). Part 1 D.A. Balalykin . 89 Returning the medical writings of surgeon and Bishop V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky to scientifi c use M.N. Kozovenko . 113 On the ligation of vessels in spleen removal (Bishop Luke) . 116 The need to increase the extent of surgery for malignant tumors of the breast (Bishop Luke) . 118 Request for quotation: We ask readers of the English version of “Istoriya meditciny” (“History of Medicine”) journal to use for quotation the Russian issue details (journal title, volume, number, pages), listed at the end of the each article. -
The Constellations of the Egyptian Astronomical Diagrams
The Constellations of the Egyptian Astronomical Diagrams Gyula Priskin University of Szeged EPICTIONS OF THE constellations that the ancient Egyptians observed in the sky first appeared on some coffin lids at the beginning of the 2nd millenium BCE, as inserts into the tables that listed the names of the asterisms signalling the night hours D 1 (decans). These early sources only include the representations of four constellations, two in the northern sky, and two in its southern regions: the goddess Nut (Nw.t) holding up the sky hieroglyph, the Foreleg (msḫt.jw), belonging to Seth according to later descriptions, the striding figure of Sah (sȝḥ), the celestial manifestation of Osiris, and the standing goddess of Sopdet (spd.t), who is often associated with Isis [fig. 1].2 The last three kept being shown in later documents, while the first one disappeared completely after the Middle Kingdom.3 A more detailed visual catalogue of the constellations has come down to us in the form of the astronomical diagrams that were first recorded at the beginning of the New Kingdom,4 though these diagrams very possibly existed earlier, as a fragmented and now lost specimen seems to indicate.5 Although their particular elements vary to a certain degree, these astronomical diagrams continued to be depicted on tomb ceilings, water clocks, temple surfaces, and coffins well into Graeco-Roman times. When towards the end of the first millenium BCE the Egyptians started to represent the zodiacal signs on their monuments, these zodiacs also included the figures of the most salient constellations.6 It should be noted, however, that according to certain decanal names,7 and the relevant entries in Amenemipet’s onomasticon (Ramesside Period),8 the Egyptians knew some further constellations for which apparently no pictorial records have survived. -
The Mythological Importance of the Constellation Msḫtjw in Mortuary Representations Until the End of the New Kingdom
The mythological importance of the constellation Msḫtjw in mortuary representations until the end of the New Kingdom Gábor W. Nemes Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest N VARIOUS CULTURES of the world, and hence also in western culture, probably the most well-known asterism of the northern sky is the so-called Big Dipper, or Plough, which I actually forms a part of the much greater constellation of Ursa Major, also known as the Great Bear. Various people have seen into it different formations, so it is not at all surprising that there is an apparent lack of uniformity in naming it in European culture as well.1 The particular designations, as in the case of most other constellations, were based on the fact that respective cultures considered different groups of stars to be part of a given constellation. However, considering the sign the ancient Egyptian idea is in unison with modern concepts in a particular respect, namely that both emphasise the same seven stars that at clear-skied nights are easily observable even with a naked eye, even in the heavily light-polluted skies of modern cities, due to them being the brightest ones in Ursa Major. The ancient Egyptians identified the group formed by Dubhe (α UMa), Merak (β UMa), Phad (γ UMa), Megrez (δ UMa), Alioth (ε UMa), Mizar (ζ Uma), and Alkaid (η Uma) with a thigh or foreleg of a bull, or either a partial or full scale depiction of a bull, and called it Ḫpš or Msḫtjw.2 This very sign may be the only one that we can identify with great certainty among the northern constellations known by the ancient Egyptians.3 In its shape, or differently said, in its form designated by its respective stars, it plainly overlaps with one of the instruments by the same name, used during the Ritual of Opening the Mouth, an adze with a bent handle (U19A). -
Scorpions in Ancient Egypt
Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology Scorpions in Ancient Egypt Hisham K. El-Hennawy August 2011 – No. 119 Euscorpius Occasional Publications in Scorpiology EDITOR: Victor Fet, Marshall University, ‘[email protected]’ ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Michael E. Soleglad, ‘[email protected]’ Euscorpius is the first research publication completely devoted to scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Euscorpius takes advantage of the rapidly evolving medium of quick online publication, at the same time maintaining high research standards for the burgeoning field of scorpion science (scorpiology). Euscorpius is an expedient and viable medium for the publication of serious papers in scorpiology, including (but not limited to): systematics, evolution, ecology, biogeography, and general biology of scorpions. Review papers, descriptions of new taxa, faunistic surveys, lists of museum collections, and book reviews are welcome. Derivatio Nominis The name Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 refers to the most common genus of scorpions in the Mediterranean region and southern Europe (family Euscorpiidae). Euscorpius is located on Website ‘http://www.science.marshall.edu/fet/euscorpius/’ at Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755-2510, USA. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN, 4th Edition, 1999) does not accept online texts as published work (Article 9.8); however, it accepts CD-ROM publications (Article 8). Euscorpius is produced in two identical versions: online (ISSN 1536-9307) and CD-ROM (ISSN 1536-9293). Only copies distributed on a CD-ROM -
Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum Teacher's Guide
0318 1 A JOURNEY THROUGH ANCIENT EGYPT MUSEUM EXPEDITION DESCRIPTION “A Journey Through Ancient Egypt” prepares you for an expeditionary field trip to the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum. This includes a suggested ten-day classroom study plan prior to, and following, your museum visit. These ten days of classroom study are designed to help students experience history rather than memorize it. The material covers the five most important periods of time in the history of ancient Egypt: the Early Dynastic Period, Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom, and Greco-Roman Period. This material is a tool to help you, the teacher, prepare for your expedition. This will enable both students and chaperones to derive the maximum benefit from the visit, and will enhance their museum experience. The highlight of the program is an hour-and-a-half long expedition through the Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum. Your students will “travel” back to ancient Egypt as “Junior Archaeologists” and view authentic artifacts from the daily life and rituals of the ancient Egyptians that they have studied. The Museum Expedition format is based on the latest pedagogies and museum practices. We welcome your input! Active participation by teachers, chaperones and students is key to this approach. As part of the Expedition, it will be optimal for the chaperones to take the time to explore our online research tools and identify their areas of interest to the students (e.g. the afterlife, daily life, kingship, temples, other ancient Near-Eastern cultures, arts, sciences, etc.). Ideally, the students will be assigned to the chaperone whose declared interest most nearly match the students’ own. -
EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE. See LANGUAGES EGYPTIAN LITERATURE. Writers in Ancient
Originalveröffentlichung in: D.N.Freedman (Hrsg.), The Anchor Bible Dictionary II, New York etc. 1992, S. 377-390 EGYPT, PLAGUES IN 378 • II letters, receipts, files, and other documents that were not meant for tradition but for everyday use. A. Generalities 1. Definitions, Literaticity, and Poeticity 2. Institutional and Functional Frames 3. “Poeticity”: Formal Devices and Metrics 4. Inscriptions and Manuscripts 5. Forms of Transmission B. Genres 1. Belles-Lettres a. Wisdom Literature b. Narratives c. Poetry 2. Functional Literature a. Temple Literature b. Funerary (Mortuary) Literature c. Magical Incantations d. Codification of Knowledge 3. Monumental Literature a. Royal Inscriptions b. Biography A. Generalities 1. Definitions, Literaticity, and Poeticity. Literature in the narrow sense of aesthetic or fictional texts will be called belles-lettres. These texts are called “literary texts” in con trast to “nonliterary texts,” which constitute the body of “functional literature.” The criterion for attributing texts to one or the other corpus is their functional fixity. While some texts are meant to serve only one well-determined function, as is the case with magical spells or biographical tomb inscriptions, others, such as narratives, harpers songs, and wisdom texts, may serve several functions. The latter appear in different contexts because they are func tionally nonspecific, that is, not permanently bound to a single context. This functional nonspecificity is our main criterion for determining the “literaticity” of a text, re gardless whether it exhibits poetic form (“poeticity”) °r not (Assmann and Assmann 1983: 269-74). Poetic texts EGYPTIAN LANGUAGE. See LANGUAGES may in fact be found within both belles-lettres and “func (EGYPTIAN). -
Against All the Gods of Egypt”
“Against All The Gods Of Egypt” “For I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the Lord.” (Exodus 12:12) © 2015 David Padfield www.padfield.com Scripture taken from the New King James Version. Copyright 1982 by Thomas Nelson, Inc. Used by permission. All rights reserved. Dedication This book is dedicated to Gene Taylor, my good friend and fellow-laborer in the gospel. I met Gene in 1979 at a special class Homer Hailey was teaching at Western Kentucky University in Bowling Green, Kentucky. He is a man of integrity and is uncompromising in his stand for the truth. Gene has helped me in every public debate I’ve had and was able to accompany me on my first five trips to the lands of the Bible (Israel, Turkey, Greece, Italy and Egypt). While it has been a while since we have travelled together, we still frequently talk about our experiences in those places. “As iron sharpens iron, so a man sharpens the countenance of his fiend” (Proverbs 27:17) Preface This book contains a series of lessons I presented at the Lewis Avenue Church of Christ in Zion, Illinois in the fall of 2015. For over twenty years the brethren in Zion have encouraged me to travel the lands of the Bible and produce printed material to help people understand Bible history and geography. Some preachers desire to work with large congregations where, unfortunately, they usually end up spending a lot of their time in things other than doing “the work of an evangelist.” The brethren in Zion have allowed me to devote my time to studying the Scriptures and preparing material that, thanks to the Internet, is used by Christians throughout the world—and for this I am truly thankful. -
Egyptian Religion Syll10
Anthro 176TS Ancient Egyptian Religion Fall 2010 What’s up with this dog headed guy? And what is he doing with that Mummy? How and why did the Egyptians make Mummies anyhow? And what about those Pyramids? How could they possibly have built them and why would they want to? Discover the answers to these questions and explore the mysterious realm of ancient Egyptian Religion, with its massive temples, multitude of gods and goddesses and fascinating funeral rites. Perform actual Egyptian temple and funeral rituals, and a 2500 year old play “The Triumph of Horus”! This course will investigate ancient Egyptian religious beliefs and practices, their origin, and development. The great mythic Solar Cycle of creation and Osirian Cycle of betrayal and revenge, death and rebirth are discussed, as well as the place of the myriad local and minor Gods and Goddesses within Egyptian mythology. The dynamics behind the monotheistic “Revolution” of Pharaoh Akhenaton are investigated, and the connections of Atenism with Moses, Israelite Monotheism and the Bible explored. The interaction of sacred and secular in Egyptian society is considered through the nature of divine kingship, large temple institutions, and funerary foundations. The relationship between the state cults and private worship by noble and commoner is explored, and the nature and potency of ancient Egyptian magic and curses investigated. The nature and development of Egyptian funerary beliefs are also detailed, including the history and significance of pyramids and tombs, mummification, and the process of ‘democratization’ of the afterlife, as individuals gradually took hold of their own destinies after death at the expense of the Pharaohs.