www.msk.or.kr

MSK2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea April 20 (Wed) ~ 22 (Fri), 2016 Kimdaejung Convention Center, Gwangju, Korea

Hosted by The Microbiological Society of Korea

Co-organized by Collaborative Genome Program for Fostering New Post-Genome Industry Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food

Sponsored by BioPS Co.,Ltd. Celltrion Inc. CJ CheilJedang Daesang Corporation DYNEBIO INC. Greencross Gwangju Convention & Visitors Bureau Intelligent Synthetic Biology Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Korea Yakult Macrogen MBcell Medytox RAONTECH Co., ltd TEam for ControL of NOROviral Foodborne Outbreaks The Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies World Institute of Kimchi

∙ Timetable ··························································································································· 4 ∙ Floor Plans ·························································································································· 5 ∙ Scientific Program ··············································································································· 6 ∙ Plenary Lectures ················································································································27 PL1 ································································································································· 28 PL2 ································································································································· 29 PL3 ································································································································· 30 PL4 ································································································································· 31 PL5 ································································································································· 32 ∙ Symposium ·······················································································································33 S1 ··································································································································· 33 S2 ··································································································································· 41 S3 ··································································································································· 47 S4 ··································································································································· 55 S5 ··································································································································· 61 S6 ··································································································································· 67 S7 ··································································································································· 73 S8 ··································································································································· 79 S9 ··································································································································· 85 S10 ································································································································· 91 S11 ································································································································· 97 S12 ······························································································································· 103 S13 ······························································································································· 109 S14 ······························································································································· 115 S15 ······························································································································· 121 S16 ······························································································································· 127 S17 ······························································································································· 133 S18 ······························································································································· 139 ∙ Young Scientists' Forum ·································································································· 145 YS1 ······························································································································· 146 YS2 ······························································································································· 152 ∙ Graduates Students' Forum ···························································································· 159 ∙ Poster ······························································································································ 169 ∙ The 5th Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students ···································· 199 ∙ Exhibition ························································································································ 217 ∙ Author Index ··················································································································· 229 The Microbiological Society of Korea Rm. 810 (New Bldg.), The Korea Science & Technology Center 22, Teheran-ro 7-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06130, Republic of Korea E-mail: [email protected] Tel: +82-2-3453-3386 Fax: +82-2-3453-3322 This work was supported by the Korean Federation of Science and Technology Societies Grant funded by the Korean Government.

www.msk.or.kr | 3 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Timetable

4.20 (Wed) Convention Hall 1 Convention Hall 2 Convention Hall 3 12:00- Registration 12:15-12:30 Opening Ceremony (Hall 3) S1 YS1 GS 12:30-14:30 New Faces of Microbiomes Young Scientists' Forum Graduates Students' Forum In Agriculture and Food 14:30-14:40 Break time 14:40-15:25 PL1 – Prof. Angelika Gründling (Hall 3) 15:25-15:30 Break time S2 S3 S4 15:30-17:30 Current Progress in Molecular Multiple Interactions between Microbes Meet Radiation: Genetics and Cell Biology Host and Gut Microbiota Gene to Industry 17:30-17:40 Break time 17:40-18:25 PL2 – Prof. Oded Beja (Hall 3) 18:30-20:00 Reception with Poster Presentation 1 (Convention Hall Lobby, Sponsored by BioPS Co. Ltd)

4.21 (Thu) Convention Hall 1 Convention Hall 2 Convention Hall 3 Rm. 308-309 S5 S6 S7 S8 09:00-11:00 Molecular Microbiology of Omics Approaches in Systems Evolution and Ecology of Lichens Probiotics and Gut Pseudomonas aeruginosa Microbiology Homeostasis 11:00-11:10 Break time 11:10-11:55 PL3 – Prof. Aaron P. Mitchell (Hall 3) 11:55-13:30 LUNCH Poster Presentation 2 General Meeting of MSK S9 S10 S11 S12 13:30-15:30 Molecular Pathogenesis of Ecophysiology of Environmentally Lactic Acid Bacteria and Virus and Cancer Bacterial Pathogens Important Microorganisms Fermented Foods 15:30-15:40 Break time S13 S14 S15 S16 Human Opportunistic Fungal Synthetic Microbiology for Ecological Aspect of Recent Progress in 15:40-17:40 Pathogens Biotechnology and Therapeutic Microorganisms via Vaccine Development Applications Phylogenetic Approach against Traditional and Emerging Pathogens 17:40-17:50 Break time 17:50-18:35 PL4 – Prof. Dirk Bumann (Hall 3) 18:40-20:30 Welcome Reception (Multi-purpose Auditorium)

4.22 (Fri) Convention Hall 1 Convention Hall 2 Convention Hall 3 S17 S18 S19 Signal Transduction and Gene Recent Advances in Deepsea Test and Research in 09:00-11:00 Regulation in Bacteria and Extremophilic LMO Safety Management Microbiology 11:00-11:10 Break time 11:10-11:55 PL5 – Prof. Bruno Lemaitre (Hall 3) HS 11:55-13:00 LUNCH High School Students' Presentation Session Bio-Company Session YS2 (12:00-14:00) Advanced Technology for Young Scientists' Forum Microbiology Special Lecture 13:00-15:00 (14:00-14:40) Award Presentation to High School Students (14:40-15:00) 15:00-15:30 Closing Ceremony (Hall 3)

4 | www.msk.or.kr Floor Plans

Convention Hall I Symposia, Bio-company Session

Convention Hall II Symposia, Young Scientists' Forum 1 & 2

Opening Ceremony, Plenary Lecture, Symposia, Graduates Students' Forum, General Meeting of MSK, Convention Hall III Special Lecture, Closing Ceremony

Convention Hall Lobby Registration Desk, Exhibition, Poster Presentation

Room 308-309 Symposia on April 21 (Thu)

Poster Presentation Layout

Zone Poster Presentation 1 Poster Presentation 2 1 B001-B014 / G046, G047 / H024-H035 A001-A014 / H022-H035 2 B015-B024 A015-A026 3 B025-B040 A027-A041 4 B041-B048 A042, A043 / D001-D006 5 B049-B053 / C001-C009 D007-D022 6 C010-C027 / E001-E012 D023-D055 7 E013-E026 / G001-G006 D056, D057 / F001-F020 8 G007-G021 F021, F022 / H011-H013 9 G022-G045 H014-H021 / HS1-HS18

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Scientific Program

Plenary Lectures

PL1 Plenary Lecture 1 April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall III Chair : Hyon E. Choy (Chonnam National University) 14:40-15:25 c-di-AMP Targets Both Arms of Osmoprotection - Potassium and Osmolyte Uptake Systems Angelika Gründling (Imperial College London, UK)

PL2 Plenary Lecture 2 April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall III Chair : Jung-Hyun Lee (KIOST) 17:40-18:25 Metagenomics of Light Harvesting in the Marine Environment Oded Beja (Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel)

PL3 Plenary Lecture 3 April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall III Chair : Yong-Sun Bahn (Yonsei University) 11:10-11:55 Gene Expression and Function in Candida albicans Infection Biology Aaron P. Mitchell (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)

PL4 Plenary Lecture 4 April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall III Chair : Joon Haeng Rhee (Chonnam National University) 17:50-18:35 Salmonella Single-cell Dynamics in Complex Host Tissues Dirk Bumann (University of Basel, Switzerland)

PL5 Plenary Lecture 5 April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall III Chair : You-Hee Cho (CHA University) 11:10-11:55 The Drosophila Antimicrobial Response at the Time of the Cas9/CRISPR Gene Targeting Revolution Bruno Lemaitre (Global Health Institute, Switzerland)

6 | www.msk.or.kr Special Lecture

SL Special Lecture for Future Scientists April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall III 좌장 : 김인섭(한남대학교) 14:00-14:40 활과 리라: 생물학과 철학의 접점 찾기 김응빈 (연세대학교)

Symposium

S1 New Faces of Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall I Co-organized by Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food Chair : Che Ok Jeon (Chung-Ang University) S1-1 12:35-12:55 Industrialization of Mycopesticdes to Control Frankliniella occidentalis for Integrated Thrips Management Jae Su Kim (Chonbuk National University)

S1-2 12:55-13:15 Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264 on Cholesterol Level and Gut Microbiota in High-cholesterol Diet-fed Mice Ji-hee Kang (Atogen Co. Ltd.)

S1-3 13:15-13:35 Influence of Probiotics on Host Gut Microbiota and Patho-physiological Symptoms in a Diet Induced Obesity Murine Model Wilhelm H. Holzapfel (Handong Global University)

S1-4 13:35-13:55 Metabolomics Based Interpretation of Microbial Fermentation Choong Hwan Lee (Konkuk University)

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S1-5 13:55-14:15 Keratin Degradation by Fervidobacterium islandicum AW-1 Dong-Woo Lee (Kyungpook National University)

S1-6 14:15-14:35 Stress, Nutrition and Immune Regulation in Pigs Cheol-Heui Yun (Seoul National University)

S2 Current Progress in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall I Chair : Won Hee Jung (Chung-Ang University) S2-1 15:30-16:00 Genetic Crosstalk between DNA Damage Repair Pathways and Oxidative Stress Responses for Maintenance of Genome Stability Woo-Hyun Chung (Duksung Women's University)

S2-2 16:00-16:30 Rim11, the Human GSK-3β Homolog Is Involved in Replication Stress Response in Yeasts Yeon-Soo Seo (KAIST)

S2-3 16:30-17:00 DNA Repair in Mycobacteria Umesh Varshney (Indian Institute of Science, India)

S2-4 17:00-17:30 Bacterial Epi-metagenomics: Measuring DNA Methylation Patterns in Bacterial Community Level Woo Jun Sul (Chung-Ang University)

8 | www.msk.or.kr S3 Multiple Interactions between Host and Gut Microbiota April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall II Co-organized by Collaborative Genome Program for Fostering New Post-Genome Industry Chair : Heenam Stanley Kim (Korea University) S3-1 15:30-15:55 Development YOBMT for Improving Metabolic/Immune Disorders Jin-Woo Bae (Kyung-Hee University)

S3-2 15:55-16:20 Gut Microbiota; the Potential Link to Rheumatic Diseases Seung Cheol Shim (Chungnam National University Hospital)

S3-3 16:20-16:45 An Updated Evaluation of Next Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics for Microbiome Analysis Jongsik Chun (Seoul National University & ChunLab, Inc.)

Chair : Myung Hee Kim (KRIBB) S3-4 16:45-17:10 Comparative Swine Fecal Microbiota Analysis Across Breeds, Regions, Growth Stages, and Antibiotics Feed Additives Tatsuya Unno (JeJu National University)

S3-5 17:10-17:35 Changes in the Swine Fecal Microbiota by the Administration of Probiotics and Prebiotics Dae-Kyung Kang (Dankook University)

S4 Microbes Meet Radiation: Gene to Industry April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall III Sponsored by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Chair : Sung-Kee Jo (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) S4-1 15:30-16:00 Analysis of Deinococcus deserti : Species-specific Characteristics and Improved Characterization of Radioresistance in the Deinococcaceae Arjan de Groot (The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, France)

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S4-2 16:00-16:30 Enhanced Stress Tolerance of Escherichia coli Expressing Deinococcal Genes Sangyong Lim (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)

S4-3 16:30-17:00 Single-molecule DNA Damage Analysis in E. coli Kyubong Jo (Sogang University)

S4-4 17:00-17:30 Development and Evaluation of Irradiated Bacterial Vaccine Ho Seong Seo (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)

S5 Molecular Microbiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall I Chair : You-Hee Cho (CHA University) S5-1 09:00-09:30 Regulation of Anthranilate Metabolism and Its Effect on Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Joon-Hee Lee (Pusan National University)

S5-2 09:30-10:00 The Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DesB on Virulence Traits and Staphylococcus aureus Growth Inhibition in the Same Ecological Niche Kyoung-Hee Choi (Wonkwang University)

S5-3 10:00-10:30 Making Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sensitive to Lysozyme Sang Sun Yoon (Yonsei University)

10 | www.msk.or.kr S5-4 10:30-11:00 Secreted Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the Modulation of Innate Immune Responses Un-Hwan Ha (Korea University)

S6 Omics Approaches in Systems Microbiology April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall II Chair : Jong Hyun Choi (KRIBB) S6-1 09:00-09:30 In Pursuit of High-quality Reference Genomes: Causes of Failed Illumina Assemblies of Microbial Genomes and Their Improvements Haeyoung Jeong (KRIBB)

S6-2 09:30-10:00 Understanding Virulence Regulation of Salmonella Typhimurium Using Proteomic Profiling of Outer Membrane Vesicles Hyunjin Yoon (Ajou University)

S6-3 10:00-10:30 Computational Genomics Approach for Elucidation of Core Genes in Agarolytic Pathway In-Geol Choi (Korea University)

S6-4 10:30-11:00 Transcriptome and Network Analysis of Butanol Stress in Escherichia coli Sung Ho Yoon (Konkuk University)

S7 Evolution and Ecology of Lichens April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall III Chair : Soon Gyu Hong (KOPRI) S7-1 09:00-09:30 Diversity of Symbiotic Microalgae in Lichens Chae Haeng Park (KOPRI)

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S7-2 09:30-10:00 Comparative Genome Analysis of Lichen-forming Fungi and Partner Algae Sook-Young Park (Sunchon National University)

S7-3 10:00-10:30 Pannariaceae Lichens: Model Organisms for Global Evolutionary Patterns Arve Elvebakk (University of Tromsø, Norway)

S7-4 10:30-11:00 Recent Progress of Korean Lichen Biodiversity Survey: Korea National Arboretum Project Jae-Seoun Hur (Sunchon National University)

S8 Probiotics and Gut Homeostasis April 21 (Thu), Room 308-309 Sponsored by Korea Yakult Chair : Dae-Kyung Kang (Dankook University) S8-1 09:00-09:30 Characterization of Weissella cibaria Plasmid and Construction of Weissella Minimal Shuttle/Expression Vector Ju-Hoon Lee (Kyung Hee University)

S8-2 09:30-10:00 Approaches to the Microbial Ecology of Food Systems Gisèle LaPointe (University of Guelph, Canada)

S8-3 10:00-10:30 Rationally Selected Probiotics for Hyper-immune Disorders Sin-Hyeog Im (Institute for Basic Science & Pohang University of Science and Technology)

12 | www.msk.or.kr S8-4 10:30-11:00 Application of Nutrition Related-metabolomics for Attenuating Metabolic Diseases Hyeon Yeong Ahn (Yonsei University)

S9 Molecular Pathogenesis of Bacterial Pathogens April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall I Sponsored by Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Chair : Sang Ho Choi (Seoul National University) S9-1 13:30-14:00 Vibrio vulnificus RtxA1 Toxin as a New Target for Therapy Joon Haeng Rhee (Chonnam National University)

S9-2 14:00-14:30 Vibrio MARTX Toxins Act as Effector Delivery Platforms to Inhibit Cellular Signaling during Infection Karla J.F. Satchell (Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA)

S9-3 14:30-15:00 Structural Architecture of Multidrug Efflux Pumps and Type I Secretion Systems from Gram-negative Bacteria Nam-Chul Ha (Seoul National University)

S9-4 15:00-15:30 Horizontal Gene Transfer in Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis towards Pathogenicity Olivier Neyrolles (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, France)

S10 Ecophysiology of Environmentally Important Microorganisms April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall II Chair : Hee-Deung Park (Korea University) S10-1 13:30-14:00 Real-Time Detection and Sorting of Colorful Microbes Using Raman Microspectroscopy Tae Kwon Lee (Yonsei University)

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S10-2 14:00-14:30 Elucidating the Activity of Anaerobic Debrominating Bacteria: From Marine Sponges to Contaminated Sediments Max Häggblom (Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, USA)

S10-3 14:30-15:00 Subsurface Microbial Redox Activities on Radionuclides in Contaminated Sediments Ji-Hoon Lee (Chonbuk National University)

S10-4 15:00-15:30 Searching for Core Microbiome in Wastewater Treatment Plant Bioreactors Hee-Deung Park (Korea University)

S11 Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Foods April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall III Sponsored by World Institute of Kimchi Chair : Ju-Hoon Lee (Kyung Hee University) S11-1 13:30-14:00 Production of Lactobacillus brevis WK12, a Microbial Additive for Kimchi Fermentation, and Studies on Its Formulation Strategy Using Soy Powder and Microencapsulation Hae Woong Park (World Institute of Kimchi)

S11-2 14:00-14:30 Metabolomics Understanding of Lactic Acid Bacteria during Fermentation Young-Shick Hong (Chonnam National University)

S11-3 14:30-15:00 Health Claims for Probiotics and Prebiotics – New Insights for Human Intervention Study to Measure Gut Inflammatory Response Ji Yeon Kim (Seoul National University of Science and Technology)

14 | www.msk.or.kr S11-4 15:00-15:30 Comparison of NGS Platforms for the Analysis of Korean Gut Microbiome Young-Do Nam (Korea Food Research Institute)

S12 Virus and Cancer April 21 (Thu), Room 308-309 Chair : Seung-Min Yoo (Eulji University) S12-1 13:30-14:00 Mechanism of KSHV Latency and Cellular Transformation Shou-Jiang Gao (University of Southern California, USA)

S12-2 14:00-14:30 New Insights into the Biology of Hepatitis B Virus: Viral Oncogenesis Wang-Shick Ryu (Yonsei University)

S12-3 14:30-15:00 IFN-λ4 Potently Induces ISG15/USP18-mediated IFN-ɑ Unresponsiveness Eui-Cheol Shin (KAIST)

S12-4 15:00-15:30 Constitutive Activation of T Cells by a Herpesviral GPCR through the Interaction with Cellular CXCR4 Nam-Hyuk Cho (Seoul National University)

S13 Human Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall I Sponsored by BK21PLUS Initiative for Biological Function & Systems Chair : Hyun Ah Kang (Chung-Ang University) S13-1 15:40-16:10 Dimorphism and Host-Pathogen Interactions in the Emerging Fungal Infection, Mucormycosis Soo Chan Lee (Duke University Medical Center, USA)

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S13-2 16:10-16:40 Systematic Functional Analysis of Pathogenicity Networks in a Global Fungal Meningitis Pathogen Yong-Sun Bahn (Yonsei University)

S13-3 16:40-17:10 Synthesis and Regulation of Zearalenone in Fusarium graminearum Yin-Won Lee (Seoul National University)

S13-4 17:10-17:40 The NDR Kinase Cbk1: A Versatile Player in the Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans Jeong-Yoon Kim (Chungnam National University)

S14 Synthetic Microbiology for Biotechnology and Therapeutic Applications April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall II Chair : Yeo Joon Yoon (Ewha Womens University) and Gyoo Yeol Jung (POSTECH) S14-1 15:40-16:10 Microbial Cell Factory for Isoprenoids Production Seon-Won Kim (Gyeongsang National University)

S14-2 16:10-16:40 Evolutionary Engineering for Chemical Producing Microorganisms Using Synthetic Regulators Gyoo Yeol Jung (Pohang University of Science and Technology)

S14-3 16:40-17:10 Bacteria-mediated Cancer Theranostics: Bacteria Meet Oncology Jung-Joon Min (Chonnam National University)

16 | www.msk.or.kr S14-4 17:10-17:40 Engineered Biosynthesis of Non-immunosuppressive FK566 Analogues with Improved Therapeutic Properties Yeo Joon Yoon (Ewha Womans University)

S15 Ecological Aspect of Microorganisms via Phylogenetic Approach April 21 (Thu), Convention Hall III

Sponsored by CFST, Seoul National University Chair : Kae Kyoung Kwon (KIOST) S15-1 15:40-16:10 Systematics of Vibrionaceae Based on Analysis of Genome Sequence Data Henryk Urbanczyk (University of Miyazaki, Japan)

S15-2 16:10-16:40 Microbiome Studies in Various Samples Bong-Soo Kim (Hallym University)

S15-3 16:40-17:10 Characterization of Extremely Halophilic Microbial Eukaryotes (Protozoa): Autecology and Diversity Jong Soo Park (Kyungpook National University)

S15-4 17:10-17:40 Platforms for Analysis of Fungal Diversity and Application to the Antarctic Environments Soon Gyu Hong (KOPRI)

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S16 Recent Progress in Vaccine Development against Traditional and Emerging Pathogens April 21 (Thu), Room 308-309

Sponsored by International Vaccine Institute Chair : Man Ki Song (IVI) and Jae-Ouk Kim (IVI) S16-1 15:40-16:10 Universal Influenza Vaccine Approach: Options and Obstacles Baik-Lin Seong (Yonsei University)

S16-2 16:10-16:40 Human DPP4 Transgenic Mice as Surrogate Models for MERS Chien-Te Kent Tseng (University of Texas Medical Branch, USA)

S16-3 16:40-17:10 In Vivo Molecular Imaging Analysis of Vaccine Candidates in a Mouse Model Hyewon Youn (Seoul National University Hospital)

S16-4 17:10-17:40 Vaccine Development Program for Developing Countries, International Vaccine Institute Man Ki Song (International Vaccine Institute)

S17 Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation in Bacteria April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall I Chair : Jung-Hye Roe (Seoul National University) S17-1 09:00-09:30

H2O2 Sensitivity of Metal-dependent Peroxide Sensor PerR Jin-Won Lee (Hanyang University)

18 | www.msk.or.kr S17-2 09:30-10:00 'Oxygen-FNR-sRNA Regulatory Pathway' Controls the Anaerobic Induction of Fermentation-Respiration Switch Protein Kyu-Ho Lee (Sogang University)

S17-3 10:00-10:30 Three Mechanisms of Oxygen Sensing in Mycobacteria: Regulation of Gene Expression in Response to Changes in Oxygen Tensions Jeong-Il Oh (Pusan National University)

S17-4 10:30-11:00 Multiple Transcription Regulators of OhrR Family Responsible for Regulatory Cross Talk and Sequential Graded Gene Expression in Response to Organic Hydroperoxides in Agrobacterium tumefaciens Skorn Mongolsuk (Mahidol University, Thailand)

S18 Recent Advances in Deepsea and Extremophilic Microbiology April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall II Chair : Jang-Cheon Cho (Inha University) S18-1 09:00-09:30 Microbial Diversity, Biotechnological Potential and Adaptation to Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents Conditions Mohammed Jebbar (Université de Bretagne Occidentale, France)

S18-2 09:30-10:00 Hydrogen Peroxide Detoxification: Physiological and Ecological Implications for Marine Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea Sung-Keun Rhee (Chungbuk National University)

S18-3 10:00-10:30 DNA Backbone Modification Expands Microbial Growth Range under Multiple Stresses Xiang Xiao (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R. China)

www.msk.or.kr | 19 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S18-4 10:30-11:00 Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane at the SMTZ of the Deep Sediments of Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea Jung-Hyun Lee (KIOST)

S19 Test and Research in LMO Safety Management April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall III Sponsored by Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Chair : Sang Jun Lee (KRIBB) S19-1 09:00-10:00 LMO Laws and Regulations in Korea In-Ja Song (KRIBB)

S19-2 10:00-11:00 Safety Management of LMO Facilities Kyung-Hwa Choi (KRIBB)

Young Scientists’ Forum

YS1 Young Scientists’ Forum 1 April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall II Chair : Jang-Cheon Cho (Inha University) YS1-1 12:30-12:50 Biocontrol of Staphylococcus aureus and Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacteriocins and Application for Food Safety Jonguk Kim (Rural Development Administration)

YS1-2 12:50-13:10 Source Tracking and Succession of Kimchi Lactic Acid Bacteria during Fermentation Se Hee Lee (World Institute of Kimchi)

YS1-3 13:10-13:30 Oxidative Stress Response in Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1 Jisun Kim (Korea University)

20 | www.msk.or.kr YS1-4 13:30-13:50 Expansion of Cultured Bacterial Diversity by Large-scale Dilution-to-Extinction Culturing from a Single Seawater Sample Seung-Jo Yang (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)

YS1-5 13:50-14:10 A Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of in situ Chlorinated Ethene Dechlorination Potential Jaejin Lee (Korea Polar Research Institute)

YS1-6 14:10-14:30 Isolation and Ecophysiological Characterization of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacterium, Alteromonas naphthalenivorans SN2, from a Contaminated Tidal Flat Hyun Mi Jin (Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources)

YS2 Young Scientists’ Forum 2 April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall II Chair : Sung Ho Yoon (Konkuk University) YS2-1 13:00-13:20 Killing Vibrio cholerae by a Chemical Modulator for Glucose Metabolism Young Taek Oh (Yonsei University)

YS2-2 13:20-13:40 Improved Production of Immunosuppressant Rapamycin Young Ji Yoo (Ewha Womans University)

YS2-3 13:40-14:00 The Elongation Factor P Regulate Expression of Magnesium Transport Protein in Salmonella Typhimurium Eunna Choi (Kyung Hee University)

www.msk.or.kr | 21 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS2-4 14:00-14:20 The Effect of Rsd, the Anti-sigma Factor of σ70, on Biofilm Formation and Motility in Escherichia coli Young-Ha Park (Seoul National University)

YS2-5 14:20-14:40 Role of Hepcidin in Salmonella Infection Jae-Ho Jeong (Chonnam National University Medical School)

YS2-6 14:40-15:00 Rad53 Regulates Genotoxic DNA Damage Stress and Radiation Resistance through Mrr1 Transcription Factor in C. neoformans Kwang-Woo Jung (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)

Graduate Students’ Forum

GS Graduate Students’ Forum April 20 (Wed), Convention Hall III Chair : Yoonkyung Park (Chosun University) GS-1 12:30-12:45 Mycosphere of Tricholoma matsutake (Pine Mushroom): Its Impact and Role Seung-Yoon Oh (Seoul National University)

GS-2 12:45-13:00 The Effect of Viscosity on Predation by Bdellovibrio bacterivorus HD100 Hansol Im (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)

GS-3 13:00-13:15 Renewable Production of 1,3-Diaminoporpane (A Three Carbon Diamine) by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli Tong Un Chae (KAIST)

GS-4 13:15-13:30 Identification and Regulatory Characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus plp Encoding a Phospholipase Essential for Pathogenesis Kyung Ku Jang (Seoul National University)

22 | www.msk.or.kr GS-5 13:30-13:45 Salmonella Virulence Protein Activates Sugar Phosphate Uptake Jang-Woo Lee (Kyung Hee University)

GS-6 13:45-14:00 The Ferrichrome Receptor A as a New Target for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Management Keehoon Lee (Yonsei University College of Medicine)

GS-7 14:00-14:15 Immunization of 13 Amino Acid Peptide Targeting Srr Proteins Provide a Broad Spectrum of Protections Against Group B Streptococcal Infections Shunmei Lin (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute)

GS-8 14:15-14:30 Cps35/Swd2 Mediates the Histone Crosstalk between H2B Ubiquitination and H3K4 Methylation Shinae Park (Kangwon National University)

Bio-company Session

BC Advanced Technology for Microbiology April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall I Chair : Se-Jong Oh (Chonnam National University) BC-1 13:00-13:20 Introduction of Cedex Systems in Advanced Technology Anne Lee (Roche Diagnostics Korea)

BC-2 13:20-13:40 Single Use Technology for Bioprocess Chan Jun Moon (Sartorius Korea Biotech Co., Ltd.)

BC-3 13:40-14:00 ViroMed, a Leader in the Development of New and Innovative Biopharmaceuticals Seungshin Yu (ViroMed Co., Ltd.)

BC-4 14:00-14:20 RNAi Oligo Therapeutics as a Next Generation Drug Joo-Sung Yang (Bioneer Corporation)

BC-5 14:20-14:40 Research with Monoclonal Antibody: A Future Direction To Go Bum-Chan Park (A&RT)

BC-6 14:40-15:00 Designers’ Enzyme GenoFocus Taekho Yang (GenoFocus)

www.msk.or.kr | 23 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

제5회 미생물 탐구 페스티벌 The 5th Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS High School Students’ Presentation Session April 22 (Fri), Convention Hall III 좌장 : 한국기초과학지원연구원 최종순 박사 12:00-12:10 개회

HS-1 12:10-12:20 Sporosarcina pasteurii 유전자 도입 형질전환 토양세균을 이용한 토양 내 수분보유 능력 개선 및 식물 생장 촉진 효과 박상윤 (Deerfield Academy)

HS-2 12:20-12:30 청색광에서의 IAA (Indol 3-Acetate Acid) 분해 및 활성산소소거능에 의한 땀세균 억제 효과 이승은 (서울국제학교)

HS-3 12:30-12:40 식물공장의 세균과 곰팡이에 대한 오염을 해결하기 위한 방안에 대하여 천승재 (Oakridge Secondary School)

HS-4 12:40-12:50 옻나무(Rhus trichocarpa)와 자작나무(Betula platyphylla var. japonica) 추출물의 항균활성 및 천연 보존료 개발 가능성 탐구 이수민, 김윤정 (이사벨고등학교)

HS-5 12:50-13:00 로돕신 발현으로 인공적인 광영양성을 획득한 대장균의 실험실내 적응진화 김 현 (하나고등학교)

HS-6 13:00-13:10 애벌레를 이용한 플라스틱 분해 세균 연구 김현아, 김하연 (하나고등학교)

HS-7 13:10-13:20 밭 수확량 증대를 위한 미생물 생장에 최적화된 석회비료 개발 김다솔, 김지윤, 류혜지, 임재웅 (경산과학고등학교)

HS-8 13:20-13:30 토양 미생물 분석을 통한 아미그달린 분해능 탐구 박재희, 윤도현, 김민석, 박시현 (광주과학고등학교)

24 | www.msk.or.kr HS-9 13:30-13:40 토양의 종류에 따른 토양 세균의 탈염 기능 분석과 이를 적용한 음식물 쓰레기 친환경 퇴비 개발에 관한 연구 정진운 (한성과학고등학교)

HS-10 13:40-13:50 자생지별로 분리된 춘란의 난 근균근(Orchid Mycorrihizal Fungi)이 병원균과 자생지에 서식하는 토양미생물과 춘난 뿌리에 주는 영향 남윤성 (홍천고등학교)

www.msk.or.kr | 25

Plenary Lectures 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

PL-1

c-di-AMP Targets Both Arms of Osmoprotection - Potassium and Osmolyte Uptake Systems

Lauren Schulte1, Christopher F. Schuster1, Tommaso Tosi1, Ivan Campeotto1, Rebecca M. Corrigan1, Paul Freemont2, and Angelika Gründling1*

1Section of Microbiology, Imperial College London, UK 2Section of Structural Biology, Imperial College London, UK

Cyclic diadenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is an essential second messenger in Staphylococcus aureus but it physiological function remains enigmatic. In a previous high throughput screen, four c-di-AMP receptor proteins were identified: a PII like protein of unknown function, a putative cation/ proton antiporter, a gating component of a potassium uptake system, and a protein involved in the regulation of a second potassium transport system. The current study revealed an additional c-di-AMP binding protein, named OpuCA, a substrate-binding component of an osmoprotectant ABC uptake system. Physiological tests indicate that the OpuC system plays a role in osmoprotection through the uptake of the compatible solute carnitine. The two main mechanisms, which bacteria utilize to respond to osmotic stress, are the rapid uptake of potassium and osmolytes. With the identification of OpuCA as a novel c-di-AMP binding protein, we now linked this signaling molecule to both arms of osmoprotection. This points towards c-di-AMP being a general regulator of the osmotic stress response in S. aureus.

28 | www.msk.or.kr Plenary Lectures

PL-2

Metagenomics of Light Harvesting in the Marine Environment

Oded Beja

Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel

Environmental-Genomics / Metagenomics is an emerging field that enables us to look at parts of the ocean that were, until recently, masked to us. With present estimates suggesting that >99% of the microorganisms in most environments are not amenable to growth in pure culture, very little is known about their physiology and roles in the ocean. These organisms can, however, be categorized into phylotypes according to their ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, which can be amplified directly from environmental DNA extracts, cloned, and sequenced. Although this approach has provided information on the identity and distribution of microbial species, rRNA gene sequences alone do not reveal the physiology, biochemistry, or ecological function of uncultivated microorganisms. This problem can be bypassed by accessing the genomes of these microorganisms and identifying protein coding genes and biochemical pathways that will shed light on their physiological properties and ecological function. To illuminate the role of microorganisms in the open seas, my lab is exploring the metabolism of planktonic microbes using novel molecular biology techniques, along with functional genomics and bioinformatics. The lab is now focusing on photosynthesis genes found in viruses that infect cyanobacteria and on developing different functional metagenomic screens. In my talk I will discuss the instrumental use of metagenomics in the discovery of marine microbial rhodopsins and viral photosystems.

www.msk.or.kr | 29 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

PL-3

Gene Expression and Function in Candida albicans Infection Biology

Wenjie Xu1, Norma V. Solis2, Rachel L. Ehrlich1, Carol A. Woolford1, Scott G. Filler2*, and Aaron P. Mitchell1*

1Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, USA 2Division of Infectious Diseases, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, USA

We have analyzed expression of environmentally responsive genes and transcription factor genes to infer signals and pathways that drive pathogen gene regulation during invasive Candida albicans infection of a mammalian host. Both sets of genes reveal both early and late phases of infection. The early phase includes induction of zinc and iron limitation genes, genes that respond to transcription factor Rim101, and genes characteristic of invasive hyphal cells. The late phase includes responses related to phagocytosis by macrophages. Transcription factor genes that are required for virulence or proliferation in vivo are enriched among highly expressed transcription factor genes. Mutants defective in six transcription factor genes, three previously studied in detail (Rim101, Efg1, Zap1) and three less extensively studied (Rob1, Rpn4, Sut1), are profiled during infection. Most of these mutants have distinct gene expression profiles during infection as compared to in vitro growth. Infection profiles suggest that Sut1 acts in the same pathway as Zap1, and we verify that functional relationship with the finding that overexpression of either ZAP1 or the Zap1-dependent zinc transporter gene ZRT2 restores pathogenicity to a sut1 mutant. Our results reveal that the infection environment has drivers of gene expression that are distinct from in vitro growth conditions, and that unique functional genetic relationships emerge during infection.

30 | www.msk.or.kr Plenary Lectures

PL-4

Salmonella Single-cell Dynamics in Complex Host Tissues

Dirk Bumann

Focal Area Infection Biology, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Switzerland

Infectious diseases remain a major cause of death worldwide. Lack of efficacious vaccines against important pathogens, and rapidly rising antimicrobial resistance pose a major threat to human health. Infection research has discovered many host-pathogen interactions, but most in vivo studies use bulk average readouts that cannot capture the vast and dynamic complexity of infected tissues. We have recently developed single-cell techniques that report on survival/killing, stress exposure, and growth rates of individual Salmonella cells in infected mouse tissues. In addition, we are currently developing 3D imaging approaches to localize individual Salmonella in tissue microenvironments at mm to nm scale. Our results show that after oral infection, individual Salmonella arrive from gut-associated tissues at various sites throughout the entire spleen. Distinct microenvironments expose Salmonella to widely different levels of oxidative and nitrosative stress, resulting in massive death of Salmonella in inflammatory lesions, but successful local adaptation and stress defense of others. Differential nutrient supply causes a broad range of Salmonella growth rates and this is dependent on host cell phagosome structure and content. Fast growing subsets drive disease progression and form local infection foci. In contrast, moderately growing subsets contribute little to overall disease but are tolerant against antibiotics resulting in treatment failures. These results show that this salmonellosis consists of strikingly heterogeneous and dynamic Salmonella-host encounters involving diverse tissue regions, cell types, and molecular mechanisms. Overall disease progression results from failures in host control or antibiotic therapy at some tissue sites, despite successful simultaneous eradication in others. Disparate Salmonella-host encounters thus make the difference between lethal disease and successful control.

www.msk.or.kr | 31 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

PL-5

The Drosophila Antimicrobial Response at the Time of the Cas9/CRISPR Gene Targeting Revolution

Bruno Lemaitre

Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland Email: [email protected]

The application of Drosophila genetics to these mechanisms has generated insights into insect immunity and uncovered general principles of animal host defense. These studies have shown that Drosophila has multiple defense “modules” that can be deployed in a coordinated response against distinct pathogens. Today, Drosophila can be considered as having one of the best-characterized host defense systems among the metazoan. Until recently, a detailed understanding of the fly immune response was hampered by the difficulty of generating loss-of-function mutations as well as the technological limits of the RNAi approach. The Cas9/CRISPR revolution offers new opportunities to revisit in a systematic manner Drosophila immunity. At the interface between large-scale genomic studies that lack resolution and individual gene analysis that lack breadth, our laboratory has undertaken a meso-scale ‘skilled’ analysis of immune modules, notably by addressing the individual and overlapping function of large immune gene family. In this talk, I will summarize our current knowledge of the field and provide new insights recently gained in the laboratory.

32 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S1]

New Faces of Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food

Co-organized by Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S1-1

Industrialization of Mycopesticdes to Control Frankliniella occidentalis for Integrated Thrips Management

Jae Su Kim1*, Se Jin Lee1, Sihyeon Kim1, Jong Cheol Kim1, Mi Rong Lee1, Yu-Shin Nai2, Yi-Ting Yang1, Tae Hoon Kim3, and Teak Soo Shin3

1Department of Agricultural Biology, Chonbuk National University 2Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Taiwan 3AgroLife Research Institute, Dongbu Farm Hannong Co.

Western flower thrips (WFT), Franklinella occidentalis, is a major pest of ornamentals. Mycotized millet grains with entomopathogenic fungi applied to soil of potted marigold plants was tested to target pupating thrips. Two experimental fungal isolates, (Beauveria bassiana [ARS7060] and Metarhizium anisopliae [ERL1171]), were compared with the registered B. bassiana strain GHA [commercialized as BotaniGard®] and untreated controls in greenhouse caged trials. Mycotized millet grains were mixed into the upper surface of the potting soil in pots of flowering ‘Hero Yellow’ marigolds (4 g/pot). One week after application five mated WFT females were released onto each plant (four plants per cage). At 8 wks post-infestation, the mean total number of thrips per plant was 81 and 90% less in the ERL1171 and ARS 7060 treatments, respectively, than in the controls. The mean numbers of thrips per plant for the control and GHA treatments were not significantly different. Plant damage was 60% less on plants treated with the experimental fungi than the control and GHA treatments. At 10 wks post-application, 75–90% of WFT collected from the treatments were infected with the experimental isolates. These results demonstrate that soil applications of entomopathogenic fungi can reduce WFT populations significantly and prevent damage.

34 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S1] : New Faces of Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food

S1-2

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264 on Cholesterol Level and Gut Microbiota in High-cholesterol Diet-fed Mice

Ji-hee Kang1*, Wilhelm Holzapfel2, Yosep Ji2, and Hong-sup Yoon2

1Atogen Co. Ltd. 2School of Life Sciences, Handong Global University

Hypercholesterolaemia is a major risk factor related to atherosclerosis, and it may be influenced by our diet. Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264, isolated from traditional fermented milk of African Maasai tribe, promoted cholesterol efflux in enterocytes by up-regulating LXR, concomitantly with the elevated expression of ABCG5 and ABCG8. Caco-2 cells showed lower Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) expression in the presence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264, elucidationg down-regualtion of cholesterol uptake. In animal experiment using high cholesterol diet-administered mouse, Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264 reduced cholesterol level in blood and liver and showed similar mechanism with that is shown in cell test. Lactobacillus rhamnosus BFE5264 also changed short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration and composition in gut of tested animals. Moreover, this strain changed gut microbial compostion. The Clostridiaceae content of the cecal microbiota was significantly increased in the BFE5264 group relative to that of the control group, whereas the content in faeces was significantly decreased. Principal coordinates anlaysis (PCoA) showed distinct change of Sphingomonas genus in BFE5264 group.

www.msk.or.kr | 35 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S1-3

Influence of Probiotics on Host Gut Microbiota and Patho-physiological Symptoms in a Diet Induced Obesity Murine Model

Wilhelm H. Holzapfel*, Soyoung Park, and Yosep Ji

Department of Advanced Green Energy and Environment, Handong Global University

Probiotic lactobacilli are widely recognized for their beneficial health impact on the host, especially regarding their prominent bioactivity to modulate host gastrointestinal (GIT) microbiota and associated metabolites such as short chain fatty acids (SCFA). Extensive reports are contributing to an improved understanding of ways in which our GIT microbiota is interrelated with host patho-physiological conditions such as obesity, type two diabetes and various other immuno-metabolic disorders. Species such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii appear to play a specific role in obesity and IBD. Still, from the rapidly accumulating data, definition of “indicator” microbial groups for describing patho-physiological symptoms appears difficult. Acknowledging GIT microbiota as a vulnerable and rather adjustable secondary organ, probiotic applications can be a promising approach to benefit host health by restoring the balance of microbiota. Using a high fat diet induced obesity (DIO) C57BL/6J murine model, we compared whole and active gut microbial communities using bacterial genomic DNA (gDNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), respectively, in response to administration of a probiotic strain. Further biomarkers associated with patho-physiological symptoms of the DIO model were analysed to understand the functional impact of a probiotic on the host. Distinct aspects were monitored quantitatively and in terms of complexity, and possible correlation with host microbiota modulation was investigated. Specific groups of microbiota corresponded either positively, negatively or irregularly with the expression of various biomarkers of the host, as a result of probiotic administration.

36 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S1] : New Faces of Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food

S1-4

Metabolomics Based Interpretation of Microbial Fermentation

Choong Hwan Lee

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University

The metabolomics is the studies on metabolites, and by-products of the chemical reactions that continuously go on in every biological system. Metabolomics, the chemical profiling of (all) cellular metabolites by their identification and quantification, is a rapidly expanding strategy in the post-genomics era complementing transcriptomics and proteomics thereby constituting a trilogy. A searchable library of MS/MS spectra, obtained using a quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer and electrospray ionization, is presented for metabolomic profiling of secondary metabolite. The application of wideband excitation and normalized collision energy leads to highly reproducible mass spectra which are searched using the NIST algorithm. The ability to obtain library searchable spectra is demonstrated for the analysis of 6,000 secondary metabolites spectrum data. This metabolomics study provides valuable information in regards to optimizing the fermentation process for bioactive compound production and describes an efficient way to search for novel bioactive compounds with primary and secondary metabolism. The combined mass spectrometry approaches used in this study may be useful in understanding the overall metabolism in the various microbes and fermentation including in vivo study. This presentation will show that a MS-based metabolomics approach is a powerful tool for chemotaxonomic classifying and gene function studies of fungi with in vivo metabolomics case model of bioactive compounds.

www.msk.or.kr | 37 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S1-5

Keratin Degradation by Fervidobacterium islandicum AW-1

Dong-Woo Lee

School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University

To date several microorganisms are known to degrade native poultry feathers, but the degradation mechanism of keratin still remains unclear. Herein we physiologically characterized the extremely thermophilic anaerobe Fervidobacterium islandicum AW-1, that could degrade native chicken feathers at 70°C, and then sequenced the 2.23 Mb-genome of this bacterium. Subsequently, we performed transcriptome analysis by RNA-seq for F. islandicum AW-1 cells grown on native feathers versus glucose, and compared their subcellular proteomes by LC-MS/MS analysis. These data indicate that together with several proteases responsible for keratin degradation, specific sets of metabolic pathways involved in cofactor and vitamin biosynthesis, membrane biosynthesis, chemotaxis, and motility are highly correlated with this bacterial unique features at elevated temperatures. Therefore, this study provides insight into nature’s utilization of recalcitrant protein polymers under extreme environments.

38 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S1] : New Faces of Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food

S1-6

Stress, Nutrition and Immune Regulation in Pigs

Cheol-Heui Yun1,2* and Byung-Chul Park2,3

1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University 2Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University 3Department of International Agricultural Technology, Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University

With respect to fast growing and global changes of international atmosphere, stresses have been concerned for decades in livestock industry. Major stresses including heat, nutrition and infection could alter not only the growth performance, but also systemic and local immune system. It is also well known that major stresses impact on gut health. Heat stress (HS) increased the permeability and the inflammatory responses in the gut. Nutritional stresses, such as fasting or fed with mycotoxin contaminated feed, induced the destruction of the tight junction proteins in the gut. Fasting suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, whereas deoxynivalenol (DON) up-regulated the recruitment of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines and the level of lymphocytes in gut. Pigs infected with pathogens such as Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) lead to loosen up the intestinal epithelial barrier. On the other hand, supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum or Saccharaomyces cerevisiae boulardii reduced infectious stress by ETEC. It was noting that major stresses altered the permeability of the intestinal barriers and profiles of genes and proteins of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in porcine gut. However, it is not sufficient to fully explain the mechanism of gut immune system in pigs under stress condition. In near future, the interaction of gut and systemic immune system under major stresses should be defined precisely to overcome aforementioned obstacles.

www.msk.or.kr | 39

Symposium [S2]

Current Progress in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S2-1

Genetic Crosstalk between DNA Damage Repair Pathways and Oxidative Stress Responses for Maintenance of Genome Stability

Woo-Hyun Chung

College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University

A global genetic analysis of synthetic fitness or lethality (SFL) defect interactions in yeast revealed that mutations of five genes required for oxidative stress response (TSA1, SOD1, LYS7, SKN7, and YAP1) impaired growth of mutants in homologous recombination (HR) pathways and interestingly all these genes play a significant role in suppression of mutagenesis. SOD1 inhibition has been proposed as a promising approach to the selective killing of cancer cells and synthetic lethal interaction between yeast rad54 and sod1 is shown to be conserved within a human colorectal cancer (CRC). Pathways of DNA damage repair and oxidative stress responsive signaling have been proposed to be highly associated in the cell, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. We employed mutant strains lacking Rad51, the homolog of E. coli RecA recombinase, and Yap1 or Skn7, two major transcription factors responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS), to examine genetic interactions between double-strand break (DSB) repair proteins and cellular redox regulators in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Abnormal expression of YAP1 or SKN7 aggravated spontaneous mutation rate and sensitivity of rad51 mutant to DSB- and ROS-generating reagents. Rad51 deficiency contributed to genome instability more in response to the increased ROS, and the accumulation of DSB lesions raised the intracellular ROS level. Our findings suggest that there is a significant crosstalk between DSB repair pathways and ROS signaling proteins for cell survival and maintenance of genome integrity in response to genotoxic stresses.

42 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S2] : Current Progress in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology

S2-2

Rim11, the Human GSK-3β Homolog Is Involved in Replication Stress Response in Yeasts

Annie Albert Demin, Miju Lee, Chul-Hwan Lee, and Yeon-Soo Seo*

Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST

The GSK-3β kinase is linked to many kinds of cancer either as a tumor suppressor or as a tumor promoter. Genomic instability is one of the underlying hallmarks for tumor initiation. The link between GSK-3β and genomic instability is still unclear. In the perspective of tumor development and progression, mutations are believed to accumulate due to compromised DNA repair. Using yeast genetics as a powerful tool, we discovered Rim11, the human GSK-3β homolog as a suppressor of dna2 and rad18 mutants. Dna2 is an essential endonuclease/helicase in Okazaki fragments synthesis, whereas Rad18 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for activating the post-replication repair (PRR). Overexpression of Rim11 kinase suppressed the lethality of dna2 helicase-dead mutant and the methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) sensitivity of rad18 null mutant. The substrate for Rim11 responsible for the suppression is Ume6, a DNA binding protein. Ume6 interacts with the histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) Sin3/Rpd3, and this interaction and the deacetylase activity of Rpd3 are necessary for the Rim11-dependent suppression of dna2 mutant. Through epistatic analysis we showed that the Rim11-initiated suppression of dna2 and rad18 mutants promotes sister-chromatids recombination (SCR) mediated by the Rad52/Rad59 proteins. In support of this, both dna2 and rad18 mutants could be rescued by the overexpression of Rad52. Moreover, we found that checkpoint arrest is heavily enforced in dna2 mutant. Checkpoint could impose restriction on recombination-mediated repair. As previously reported Rpd3-mediated deacetylation of Rad53 facilitates in suppressing the activation of checkpoint. We asked whether the role of Rpd3 is to suppress checkpoint therefore allowing HR repair. Indeed, the removal of key checkpoint proteins like Rad9 or Rad53; or overexpression of ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Sml1 allowed cells with dna2 mutation to be viable. Our data demonstrate that GSK-3β homolog Rim11 is directly involved in repair of faults in Okazaki fragment synthesis, by promoting homologous recombination by down-regulating checkpoint activation, revealing a novel pathway of post-replication repair (PRR) that is distinct from the well-described Rad6-Rad18 pathways. Our finding could account for why GSK-3β promote cell proliferation and tumor growth and explain why down regulating GSK-3β is beneficial in cancer therapy. The elevated levels of GSK-3β could allow tumor cells to easily overcome replicative stress by facilitating DNA repair in cancer.

www.msk.or.kr | 43 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S2-3

DNA Repair in Mycobacteria

Umesh Varshney

Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India

In the host macrophages, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is exposed to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNI) produced as a part of the host’s innate immune response. ROS and RNI are highly reactive and cause severe damages to DNA or the free nucleotide pools in the cell. Physiological roles of several DNA repair mechanisms such as the base excision and nucleotide excision repair pathways, and the ones involved in elimination of the oxidized nucleotides (7, 8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine, 8-oxoG or its derivatives) have been studied. More recently, we discovered a novel protein, UdgX, from Mycobacterium smegmatis and other organisms. UdgX specifically recognizes uracil in DNA, forms a tight complex stable to sodium dodecylsulphate, 2-mercaptoethanol, urea and heat treatment, and shows no detectable uracil excision. UdgX shares highest homology to family-4 uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) possessing Fe-S cluster. UdgX possesses a conserved sequence, KRRIH, which forms a flexible loop playing an important role in its activity. Mutations of H in the KRRIH sequence to S, G, A or Q lead to gain of uracil excision activity in MsmUdgX, establishing it as a novel member of the UDG superfamily. Our observations suggest that UdgX marks the uracil-DNA for its repair by a RecA dependent process. Utility of the tight binding activity of UdgX in detecting uracils in the genomes will be discussed.

44 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S2] : Current Progress in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology

S2-4

Bacterial Epi-metagenomics: Measuring DNA Methylation Patterns in Bacterial Community Level

Hoonje Sung, Kyu-Chan Lee, and Woo Jun Sul*

Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University

DNA methylation in bacteria has played important roles in altering gene expression, regulating cell cycle, and also controlling restriction modification system. Development of Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) DNA sequencing has enhanced the studies of base modification in bacterial genomes. Thus, we further applied SMRT DNA sequencing for measuring and comparing DNA methylation patterns in metagenomes of seawater, soil and cow intestine’s microbiomes. We suggest that DNA methylation may be influenced under different environmental conditions. Also, we provided newly built bioinformatic pipeline to search and compare DNA methylation motifs throughout metagenomes. This work will provide new insight of DNA methylation roles in bacterial community level.

www.msk.or.kr | 45

Symposium [S3]

Multiple Interactions between Host and Gut Microbiota

Co-organized by Collaborative Genome Program for Fostering New Post-Genome Industry 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S3-1

Development YOBMT for Improving Metabolic/Immune Disorders

Na-Ri Shin, Min-Soo Kim, Hyun Sik Kim, June-Young Lee, Woorim Kang, Dong-Wook Hyun, Pil Soo Kim, Ho-Jun Seong, Eun-Jeong Thak, and Jin-Woo Bae*

Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University

Human gut microbiota consisting of 10–100 trillion microorganisms and more than a thousand different bacterial species, plays an important role in metabolism by acting on the regulation of the host’s metabolism, and on energy extraction from ingestible foods. Apart from its beneficial functions for the host, gut microbiota can potentially engage in physiological and pathological interactions with the host, particularly in the context of obesity and related metabolic disorders. Metformin has been widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes for the last 50 years. The most commonly accepted action mechanism of metformin is the suppression of the transcription of gluconeogenic genes with the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an enzyme that detects cellular energy levels and regulates fuel availability in the liver. However, there has been no experimental or clinical investigation of the effects of anti-diabetic drugs on the gut microbiota, although gut microbial dysbiosis associated with type 2 diabetes has been described. Questions, therefore, remain about whether metformin, as an anti-diabetic agent, regulates glucose metabolism by modulating gut microbiota. In our previous study, we observed that the metformin treatment significantly improved the glycaemic profile of HFD-fed mice. HFD-fed mice treated with metformin showed a higher abundance of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia than HFD-fed control mice. In addition, the number of mucin-producing goblet cells was significantly increased by metformin treatment. Oral administration of Akkermansia muciniphila to HFD-fed mice without metformin significantly enhanced glucose tolerance and attenuated adipose tissue inflammation by inducing Foxp3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the VAT. Modulation of the gut microbiota (by an increase in the Akkermansia spp. population) may contribute to the antidiabetic effects of metformin, thereby providing a new mechanism for the therapeutic effect of metformin in patients with T2D. This suggests that pharmacological manipulation of the gut microbiota in favour of Akkermansia may be a potential treatment for T2D and we have to isolate the more convincing gut microbes for improving the metabolic disorder.

48 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S3] : Multiple Interactions between Host and Gut Microbiota

Owing to the massive collection of exogenous antigens in the intestinal luminal, the immune system must strictly regulate its responses to maintain the symbiotic relation with commensal bacteria. Commensals transmit a signal that induces a tolerogenic response of host immunity. Hence, the host can discriminate between beneficial autochthonous microbes and harmful pathogens, and establish a healthy microbiota. To prevent an inflammatory response to commensal bacteria, gut-residing immune cells, such as mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages and dendritic cells) and CD4+ T cells, are hyporesponsive or display a mutualistic response to microbial stimulationo. At the same time, the mucosal immune system is responsible for clearing pathogens, a process that requires an active proinflammatory signaling cascade. Accordingly, an inappropriate immune response destroys the intestinal homeostasis, triggers dysbiosis, and contributes to local and systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This state of chronic, progressive intestinal inflammation is clinically diagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which encompasses ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). A precise etiology for IBD is still unavailable, but emerging evidence points to the gut microbiota as the prime suspect in this disease. Thus, in this project, we will develop the YOBMT (Your Own Blended Microbiome Therapeutics) in Korean patients with metabolic/immune disorders. For this goal, we will perform the metagenomic analysis and microbial pipeline development of gut microbiota in mice model with metabolic/immune disorders. Investigations on immune network involving in pathogenesis and defense against chronic inflammatory diseases & development of therapeutic modalities as immune modulators using intestinal commensal microbes, will also be carried out.

www.msk.or.kr | 49 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S3-2

Gut Microbiota; the Potential Link to Rheumatic Diseases

Seung-Cheol Shim1*, Seung-Taek Song1, Eun-Kyoung Jo2, Hye-Mi Lee2, Ji-Young Kim1, So-Young Lee1, In-Seol Yoo1, and Jin-Hyon Kim1

1Division of Rheumatology, Daejeon Rheumatoid & Degenerative Arthritis Center, 2Department of Microbiology and Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Chungnam National University School of Medicine

Rheumatic diseases are composed of 120 diseases causing chronic pain in the joints and/or connective tissue. Over time, the search led to correlative studies of specific bacteria and viruses in the pathogenesis of these disorders, most notably rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and spondyloarthritides (SpA). SpA is a family of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and acute anterior uveitis. There is considerable clinical overlap between SpA and IBD exhibiting shared genetic predisposition and pathogenic mechanisms. IBD has been long associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, which may be primary or secondary factors in disease pathogenesis. Rats overexpressing HLA-B27 spontaneously develop an inflammatory disease exhibiting arthritis and colitis, thus, mimicking human SpA. HLA-B27 alters the intestinal microbiome, which might be the basis for disease predisposition associated with this allele. This concept is supported by theories of a disrupted gut environment in SpA, with altered intestinal permeability perhaps leading to a dysregulated immune response and/or altered dendritic-cell function. Here, we review recent developments from studies of the gut microbiome in patients with AS and SpA as well as insights obtained from the animal models of SpA, and introduce our study regarding to the effect of NSAIDs on the microbiome in a SpA animal model.

50 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S3] : Multiple Interactions between Host and Gut Microbiota

S3-3

An Updated Evaluation of Next Generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics for Microbiome Analysis

Jongsik Chun

School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University & ChunLab, Inc.

Microbiome has become a key in understanding our health and diseases. Analysis of microbiome largely depends on the high-throughput sequencing called Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Because NGS instruments are continuously improved and new ones are introduced, handling sequence data generated from new instruments is becoming important, especially for the retrospective data compatibility. Since Roche 454, which has been widely used in microbial community analysis, is expected to retire, it is necessary to evaluate new NGS platforms such as Illumina MiSeq and Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) long read sequencers. In this talk, I will present some of data generated from MiSeq and PacBio and discuss about bioinformatics strategies.

www.msk.or.kr | 51 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S3-4

Comparative Swine Fecal Microbiota Analysis Across Breeds, Regions, Growth Stages, and Antibiotics Feed Additives

Tatsuya Unno*, Jungman Kim, Nguyen G. Son, and Robin B. Guevarra

Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University

Pork is one of the major markets in Jeju. While feed improvements and application of probiotics have shown significant development in promoting swine growth and health, understanding theses effects require basic understanding of swine gut microbiota. We have collected swine fecal samples for three years and conducted gut microbiota comparison across breeds, regions, growth stages, and feeding conditions (i.e, antibiotics feed additives). Our results showed that black and white pigs showed slightly different gut microbiota in Firmicutes/ Bacteroidetes ratio and species diversities. In contrast, there was no significant difference between gut microbiota of Yorkshire and Landrace. Regional differences were seen among swine in Gwagnju, Haenam, and Jeju. During weaning, piglets have prevalent Prevotellaceae and comprised with various species, whereas finisher swine had relative less variations across individuals. Tetracycline-based antibiotics feed additives did not promote weight gain, but found effective in suppressing Spirocheates in early growth stage. Likewise, tylosin-based antibiotics feed additives did not promote weight gain, but seemed to accelerated maturation of gut microbiota. Although these studies were done with relatively small sample size, the study suggest that swine gut microbiota are very condition-sensitive.

52 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S3] : Multiple Interactions between Host and Gut Microbiota

S3-5

Changes in the Swine Fecal Microbiota by the Administration of Probiotics and Prebiotics

Dae-Kyung Kang*, Jong Pyo Chae, and Edward Alain B. Pajarillo

Department of Animal Resources Science, Dankook University

Demand for the development of non-antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in animal production surged in recent years. However, elucidating the specific mechanisms and action of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics as non-AGP in animals is still in progress. This work investigated and compared fecal microbiotas of weaned piglets under the administration of a basal diet (CON) and with prebiotic lactulose (LAC), probiotic Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 11181 (PRO), or their synbiotic combination (SYN). Although prebiotics and/or probiotics in the diet significantly increased α-diversity compared with CON values, no differences were detected in richness and diversity values among the treatment groups (LAC, PRO, and SYN). At phylum level, the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio increased in all treatment groups in comparison to the CON group, and the lowest abundance of Proteobacteria was found in LAC group. At family level, Enterobacteriaceae decreased in all treatment groups, especially more than 10-fold reduction in LAC group compared with CON group. At genus level, the highest abundance of Oscillibacter was detected in PRO group, the highest Clostridium in LAC group, and the highest Lactobacillus in SYN group; the abundance of Escherichia was lowest in LAC group. Clustering in the DAPC plots illustrated distinct separation of the feeding groups (CON, LAC, PRO, and SYN) from one another, showing that microbial communities had different compositions according to different feed additives. Effects of LAC and PRO treatments on the faecal microbiota suggest independent mechanisms; nonetheless, the impact of synbiotics might also be distinct from that when each are administered singly as lactulose or E. faecium.

www.msk.or.kr | 53

Symposium [S4]

Microbes Meet Radiation: Gene to Industry

Sponsored by Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S4-1

Analysis of Deinococcus deserti : Species-specific Characteristics and Improved Characterization of Radioresistance in the Deinococcaceae

Laurence Blanchard, David Pignol, and Arjan de Groot*

Laboratory of Cellular Bioenergetics, Biosciences and Biotechnology Institute of Aix-Marseille, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, France

Bacteria belonging to the genus Deinococcus are famous for their extreme tolerance to radiation, desiccation and other oxidative stress- and DNA damage-generating conditions. This tolerance is related to their capacity to repair massive DNA damage and might result from a combination of different molecular mechanisms and physiological determinants, including protection of proteins against oxidative damage. More than 50 Deinococcus species have been described, of which Deinococcus radiodurans has been studied most extensively. To better characterize radiation resistance in the Deinococcaceae, we are studying Deinococcus deserti, a species isolated from the Sahara in 2004. The approaches we use include (comparative) genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, genetics, biochemistry and structural biology. D. deserti has many genes and characteristics in common with D. radiodurans and other Deinococcus species, but several interesting differences have also been identified. One example concerns RecA, a crucial DNA repair protein. Remarkably, D. deserti contains three different recA genes that code for two functionally different RecA proteins. Both RecA allow repair of massive DNA damage, but only one of these RecA facilitates radiation-induced expression of translesion DNA polymerases involved in error-prone lesion bypass. The transcriptome of D. deserti was analysed using RNA sequencing. Strikingly, this revealed an exceptionally high proportion (60%) of mRNAs that are leaderless (i.e., lacking a 5ʹ-untranslated region and Shine-Dalgarno ribosome-binding site). Proteomics showed that leaderless mRNAs are efficiently translated in D. deserti. The essential nucleoid protein HU is an example of a protein highly expressed from leaderless mRNA. Interestingly, many novel transcripts were identified and predicted to correspond to leaderless mRNAs encoding small peptides, providing an explanation for the generation of a cellular pool of small peptides important for protection of proteins against oxidation. The transcriptome and proteome data were also important for an improved genome annotation, including correction of the

56 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S4] : Microbes Meet Radiation: Gene to Industry

translation initiation codon position of many genes in D. deserti and also in other Deinococcus species. The irrE gene was first identified in D. radiodurans as a novel gene required for radiation resistance and for the radiation-induced expression of several DNA repair and other genes. The mechanism by which the IrrE protein is involved in gene induction remained unknown for many years. We solved the crystal structure of D. deserti IrrE, and recently demonstrated a novel radiation response mechanism by showing that IrrE is a metalloprotease that cleaves and inactivates a transcriptional repressor protein called DdrO after exposure of the cells to radiation. The analysis of different genome sequences strongly suggests that the IrrE/DdrO-regulated stress response mechanism is common in all members of the Deinococcaceae.

www.msk.or.kr | 57 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S4-2

Enhanced Stress Tolerance of Escherichia coli Expressing Deinococcal Genes

Sangyong Lim

Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Cellular robustness of industrial microbes is an important trait because the microbial strains are exposed to a multitude of different stresses during industrial processes, such as fermentation. Thus, engineering robustness in an organism has become a significant topic of research in order to push the strains towards maximizing yield. Deinococcus radiodurans (D. radiodurans) is one of the most highly stress-resistant species reported. It can withstand extremely high doses of ionizing radiation, long periods of desiccation, UV radiation and oxidizing agents. Stress responsive genes of D. radiodurans have been used to enhance stress tolerance of Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this study, we introduced the deinococcal response regulator DR1558 and the cold shock protein PprM into E. coli and found that the tolerance to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was significantly increased in the recombinant strains. DR1558 bound to the rpoS promoter, thereby increasing the RpoS expression. E. coli cells expressing DR1558 were able to tolerate to low pH, high temperature, and high NaCl concentrations in addition to H2O2, and the multi-stress tolerance phenotype disappeared in the absence of rpoS. Overexpression of PprM in E. coli led to elevated expression of some OxyR-dependent genes, such as mntH (manganese transporter) and hemH (ferrochelatase), and the ycgZ-ymgABC operon, which encode proteins involved in biofilm formation and acid resistance. We confirmed that co-expression of the ycgZ-ymgABC operon conferred

H2O2 tolerance to E. coli. In the present study, we demonstrated a strategy of employing stress responsive genes from radiation resistant bacteria for strain improvement.

58 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S4] : Microbes Meet Radiation: Gene to Industry

S4-3

Single DNA Molecules Analysis for UV Induced Damage in E. coli

Kyubong Jo

Department of Chemistry and Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated Biotechnology, Sogang University

Radiation is a powerful stress factor to cause acute and chronic DNA damage. Exposure to UV radiation may result in most detrimental DNA damage by direct energy deposition or reactive oxygen species. Although the radiation stress is clinically or therapeutically important for health care, analytical approaches are limited for characterizing radiation induced DNA damaged lesions. To overcome the limitations, we developed single-molecule visualization for DNA damage analysis caused by radiation induced metabolism using fluorescent labels. Furthermore, we quantitatively analyzed DNA damage in a wild type strain and highly radiation tolerant E. coli strains generated by gamma ray induced evolution. Our approach demonstrated high sensitivity that we could count the number of radiation induced DNA damage lesions in wild type strain and radiation tolerant strain. Moreover, we also observed nucleotide sequence changes in recA, dnaB, and yfjK genes by combining the single molecule optical mapping systems and next generation sequencing.

www.msk.or.kr | 59 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S4-4

Development and Evaluation of Irradiated Bacterial Vaccine

Ho Seong Seo

Department of Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Many vaccines used today rely on technologies developed over 100 years ago, and involve some forms of attenuation (i.e., the use of an alternative or mutant strain of pathogenic organism with reduced virulence that maintains its immunogenicity) or inactivation, where chemical or physical methods are used to kill virulent pathogenic strains. Although these vaccines have been extremely successful in protecting against animal and human infectious diseases, there is a large demand for the development of fast, safe, and effective vaccine manufacturing strategies. Radiation sterilization has been used to develop a variety of vaccine types, because it can eradicate chemical contaminants and penetrate pathogens to destroy nucleic acids without damaging the pathogen surface antigens. In addition, radiation mutation technology which has been used for breeding plants would be a great tool to create fast and safe attenuated vaccine strains. Nevertheless, irradiated vaccines have not widely been used at an industrial level because of difficulties obtaining the necessary equipment. Recent successful clinical trials of irradiated vaccines against pathogens and tumors have led to a reevaluation of radiation technology as an alternative method to produce vaccines. Here, I will review the challenges associated with creating irradiated vaccines and introduce how radiation technology are applied to develop bacterial vaccines in our institute.

60 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S5]

Molecular Microbiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S5-1

Regulation of Anthranilate Metabolism and Its Effect on Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Soo-Kyung Kim, Xi-Hui Li, and Joon-Hee Lee*

Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University

Anthranilate (AA) is an important intermediate in the syntheses and degradation of tryptophan in many organisms including an opportunistic human pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. AA is also a precursor for the synthesis of Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS; 2-heptyl-3-hydroxyl-4-quinolone) in P. aeruginosa. In that tryptophan is an essential amino acid and PQS is a quorum sensing (QS) signal, AA is a key intermediate at the metabolic branch point in P. aeruginosa. Regulation of the AA synthesis and degradation is finely tuned by QS systems. RhlR and LasR regulate the AA metabolism in a mutually antagonistic, and growth phase-dependent manner. QscR is also involved in this regulation by repressing both LasR and RhlR functions in a growth phase-dependent manner. This timely regulation by the antagonistic interplay of the QS regulators is mediated by two intermediate regulators, AntR and PqsR, and their cofactors, AA and PQS. AntR, a LysR-type regulator activates the transcription of antABC operon encoding AA dioxygenase complex that functions to degrade AA. In P. aeruginosa, antABC and antR (encoding AntR) genes are divergently located. In the presence of AA, AntR binds to two AntR-responsive elements (AREs) at the intergenic region between antA and antR, and bidirectionally activates both antABC and antR transcriptions. Both AREs are important in this bidirectional activation, but AntR has different binding affinity to each ARE. As a result, the strength of transcriptional activation becomes dramatically asymmetric depending on the direction. In nature, there are many AA-producing bacteria as a tryptophan degradation product. So, microorganisms that exist in tryptophan-rich environments necessarily encounter exogenous AA as well as endogenously produced AA. Interestingly, AA deteriorates the biofilm structure of P. aeruginosa. AA exerts this anti-biofilm effect by reducing the level of intracellular c-di-GMP and modulating the expression of Psl, Pel, and alginate, major extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) of P. aeruginosa. AA also has a significant deteriorating effect on biofilms of other bacteria, such as Vibrio vulnificus, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Since AA significantly enhanced swimming and swarming motility of P. aeruginosa, V. vulnificus, and B. subtilis, we suggest that the enhanced motility causes the biofilm-deteriorating effect of AA. These results suggest that AA may be a promising candidate for the development of anti-biofilm agent.

62 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S5] : Molecular Microbiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

S5-2

The Role of Pseudomonas aeruginosa DesB on Virulence Traits and Staphylococcus aureus Growth Inhibition in the Same Ecological Niche

Kyoung-Hee Choi1*, Sejeong Kim2, Jimyeong Ha2, and Yohan Yoon2

1Department of Oral Microbiology, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University

Most microbes exist primarily in mixed microbial communities, which affect interspecies interaction and alter clinical outcomes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa usually coexists with other pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. P. aeruginosa impedes the growth of S. aureus by secreting toxic substances such as alkyl-hydroxyquinoline N-oxides, hydrogen cyanide, and pyocyanin. Virulence factor production by P. aeruginosa is extremely important for growth and pathogenesis in polymicrobial environments. A mutant harboring a transposon insertion in the desB gene, encoding a desaturase, displayed significantly reduced the production of various exoproducts, including elastase, protease, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipids, as well as decreased motility, proving that DesB plays an important role in P. aeruginosa virulence. In addition, we found that the desB mutant exhibited reduced S. aureus growth inhibition compared to the wild-type (WT) strain. The transcriptional profiles of the WT and desB mutant revealed that the expression of MvfR-controlled pqsA-E and phnAB operons was significantly decreased, but the mexEF-oprN operon was highly expressed. The results indicate that increase in MexEF-OprN efflux pump expression causes reduced intracellular levels of 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ), a ligand of MvfR, in desB mutant, leading to the decrease of MvfR binding to pqsA-E promoter and the reduction of 4-hydroxy-2-alkylquinolines (HAQs) synthesis. In conclusion, these results suggest that DesB contributes to virulence, and promotes the inhibition of S. aureus growth by regulating HAQ synthesis.

www.msk.or.kr | 63 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S5-3

Making Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sensitive to Lysozyme

Sang Sun Yoon* and Kang-Mu Lee

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative bacterium of clinical importance, can establish airway infections in patients suffering from pneumonia, cystic fibrosis (CF), bronchiectasis and COPD. Human airway is lined with mucus layer that contains a large amount of lysozyme, an enzyme that hydrolyzes bacterial cell walls, and thus can suppress bacterial growth on the airway surface. Of note, elevated lysozyme activity was observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) derived from CF patients, suggesting that the degree of P. aeruginosa infection may not correlate with the level of lysozyme in the airway. Consistent with this notion, P. aeruginosa has been known to be resistant to lysozyme treatment. In this work, we performed a forward genetic screening using a random transposon (Tn) insertion mutant library of PAO1, a prototype strain of P. aeruginosa and identified three mutants that became sensitive to lysozyme treatment. PAO1 mutants defective in PA0420 (bioA), PA3800 (bamB), or PA5174 showed significant growth defects in the presence of lysozyme (1 mg/ml). Each of these mutants exhibited reduced virulence in an acute mouse airway infection model. Molecular mechanisms behind these sensitivities and potential implications of these findings with regards to the P. aeruginosa infection control will be presented.

64 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S5] : Molecular Microbiology of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

S5-4

Secreted Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the Modulation of Innate Immune Responses

Un-Hwan Ha

Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University

The clinical impact of polymicrobial diseases, caused by combinations of pathogens, has received much attention from the medical community. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterial pathogen that is prone to infect the respiratory tract of immunocompromised patients along with other microbial invaders. P. aeruginosa possesses a number of virulence factors and secretory systems, which play a critical role in causing acute and chronic infections. The potential effects of these factors on the modulation of host inflammatory responses against competitive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, are unknown. Here, we report that human bradykinin receptors as important host defense responses against invading microbes are up-regulated by components secreted from P. aeruginosa, and the secretion of the components is not controlled by either T3SS or quorum sensing. In addition to this, P. aeruginosa infection induces the expression of TLR2, which plays a dominant role in sensing PAMPs expressed by Gram-positive bacteria. Upregulation of TLR2 influences the magnitude of proinflammatory responses to the secondary S. aureus infection. Moreover, P. aeruginosa Ndk, with the aid of flagellin, induces the expression of interleukin-1. Cytokine induction appears to be dependent on the kinase activity of Ndk, and the Ndk activates the Akt signaling pathway, which acts upstream of NF-κB as well as caspase-1. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that P. aeruginosa possesses diverse virulence factors that are released and subsequently modulate innate immune responses, and they may have impacts on against a secondary microbial infection.

www.msk.or.kr | 65

Symposium [S6]

Omics Approaches in Systems Microbiology 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S6-1

In Pursuit of High-quality Reference Genomes: Causes of Failed Illumina Assemblies of Microbial Genomes and Their Improvements

Haeyoung Jeong1,2*, Jung Hoon Sohn3, Jae-Goo Pan1, and Seung-Hwan Park1,2*

1Super-Bacteria Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) 2Biosystems and Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology (UST) 3Cell Factory Research Center, KRIBB

Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and concomitant cost reduction have brought about genome sequencing in everyday use for any laboratories (“democratization of sequencing”). As successful assembly of complete microbial genomes using the PacBio platform and nonhybrid hierarchical assembly process is in the spotlight, there is a slight chance of re-evaluating failed microbial genome assembles (high contig numbers, large total contig size and/or the presence of low-coverage contigs) among massively produced Illumina sequencing reads. Using k-mer abundance analysis, we first tried to detect diagnostic signatures from contamination-free Illumina reads that previously led to poor assemblies. Some sequencing reads with an extraordinary peak at low-frequency k-mer range, which could not be assembled normally despite conventional pretreatments including adapter sequence removal and quality trimming, were successfully assembled after filtration of reads with low abundance k-mer or subsampling of reads. Second, simulated reads from pairs of bacterial chromosome sequences (difference species or different strains) were combined and assembled to investigate the effect of sequence differences and the ratios of mixed reads. The worst assembly was obtained when simulated reads from different strains (～1% difference) were mixed at 1:1. This observation led us to the idea that poor assemblies of some yeasts genomes might be due to heterozygous diploid status that were yet unknown for the sequencing subjects. Using Illumina reads from diverse source encompassing laboratory yeast strains to natural isolates (genera Kluyveromyces, Issatchenkia, Candida and Cryptococcus), we are testing this hypothesis by combination of different values of k-mer and bubble size during de novo assembly and by measurement of SNP frequencies after re-mapping of reads on the assemblies.

68 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S6] : Omics Approaches in Systems Microbiology

S6-2

Understanding Virulence Regulation of Salmonella Typhimurium Using Proteomic Profiling of Outer Membrane Vesicles

Hyunjin Yoon1,2*, Jaewoo Bai3, Seul I Kim1, and Seo Yeon Hwang1

1Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University 2Department of Applied Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Ajou University 3Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a primary cause of enteric diseases and has acquired a variety of virulence factors during its evolution into a pathogen. Secreted virulence factors interact with commensal flora and host cells and enable Salmonella to survive and thrive in hostile environments. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released from many Gram-negative bacteria function as a delivery vehicle for complex molecules, including virulence factors. In order to understand the roles of OMV in virulence regulation of Salmonella, a proteomic analysis was conducted on OMVs harvested under two different conditions mimicking the infection environments. Comparative proteomic profiling between two conditions identified 14 proteins that were associated with the OMV fraction isolated only under the acidic minimal medium conditions, which reproduced the nutrient-deficient intracellular milieu. The absence of these 14 proteins each influenced Salmonella survival inside host cells (either increased or decreased), proposing these OMV-associated proteins as new virulence factors in Salmonella. Another valuable finding is that OMV was able to deliver some virulence effectors that have been known to be secreted via Salmonella pathogenicity island (SPI) -1 or -2 type three secretion systems (T3SSs). OMVs possessing SPI-1 effectors on the surface increased the amount of F-actin contents in the host cell membrane, when added to the culture of epithelial cells, whereas OMVs lacking SPI-1 effectors did not influence the level of F-actin in host cells. This result suggests a role of OMV as an alternative delivery system to T3SSs. Proteomic profiling provides a deeper insight into how Salmonella exploits OMV to interact with the environments.

www.msk.or.kr | 69 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S6-3

Computational Genomics Approach for Elucidation of Core Genes in Agarolytic Pathway

In-Geol Choi*, Byeong Hyeok Park, Saeyoung Lee, Duleepa Pathiraja, and Kyoung Heon Kim

Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University

Agar is a major cell-wall constituent found in marine red algae. While agar has been utilized as a gel medium for pure culture technique, its resistance to microbial degradation hampered the utilization of red algal biomass. The metabolic fate of agar is not fully understood. Agar is a hetero-polysaccharide composed of two monomeric units: D-galactose (D-GAL) and L-anhydrogalactose (L-AHG). Like other polymer degradation, the metabolic pathway of agar has a typical pattern dividing into distinct steps. So as to use agar as raw materials, we collected representative genes involved in the agarolytic pathway. Based on a computational genomics approach, we predicted the core gene set for microbial agarolytic pathway. Using known functional agarases and hydrolases as a probe, we surveyed 2,759 microbial genomes in the public database and selected 12 potential agarolytic genomes. RNAseq analysis of three agarolytic microorganisms, Saccharophagus degradans, Marinimicrobium agarolyticum and Vibrio sp. EJY3 corroborated the core gene set. The predicted core genes provide a minmal gene set for design and construction of a synthetic agarolytic system.

70 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S6] : Omics Approaches in Systems Microbiology

S6-4

Transcriptome and Network Analysis of Butanol Stress in Escherichia coli

Haeyoung Jeong1 and Sung Ho Yoon2,3*

1Super-Bacetria Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology 2Synthetic Biology and Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology 3Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University

Butanol is a promising alternative to ethanol and is desirable for transportation fuels and additives of gasoline and diesel fuels. However, microbial production of butanol is challenging primarily due to butanol toxicity and low titer of butanol production. Here, we analyzed and compared transcriptome of wild-type E. coli and its butanol-tolerant mutant to understand global cellular physiology and metabolism responsible for the butanol tolerance. Gene association network of E. coli was interrogated to understand the roles of mutated genes in the butanol-tolerant mutant. The mutated genes showed correlated relationship between the gene expression change and degree of network connection. The analyses identified potential gene candidates that can be engineered to increase butanol tolerance in E. coli.

www.msk.or.kr | 71

Symposium [S7]

Evolution and Ecology of Lichens 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S7-1

Diversity of Symbiotic Microalgae in Lichens

Chae Haeng Park, Kyuin Hwang, and Soon Gyu Hong*

Divison of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute

Lichens are symbiotic organisms that are mainly composed of lichenized fungi (mycobiont) and photosynthetic microalgae and/or cyanobacteria (photobiont). It has long been regarded that one fungal species make symbiotic relationship with one microalgal species in a thallus. However, the specific relationship between the mycobiont and the photobiont has been challenged by recent studies. One species of mycobiont can make symbiotic partnerships with various photobiont species when they grow at geographically distant locations. Several different algal genotypes can be present in a single lichen thallus. In addition, the results of the algal community composition in lichens from King George Island, Antarctica indicated that each lichen thallus contained diverse algal species and the composition of algal community was mostly related to the mycobiont species. In this study, the genetic diversity and composition of symbiotic microalgae populations in the widespread geographical distribution of the seven lichen genera, Cetraria, Cladonia, Ocheloechia, Psoroma, Stereocaulon, Usnea, and Umbilicaria, were investigated based on eukaryotic LSU rRNA gene. To understand the effect of geography and climate on microalgal diversity, samples were collected from bi-polar and sub-polar regions. The results revealed that each lichen thallus contained diverse microalgal OTUs as the previous studies. However, each mycobiont genus showed preference on specific lineage of microalgal species as a major photobiont partner, which is composed of phylogenetically related OTUs. Although some microalgal OTUs were detected from several regions including Southern and Northern hemisphere regardless of climate, most microalgal OTUs were recovered only from specific geographical region and climatic zone. Considering these results, we conclude that the composition of microalgal community in lichens are affected by mycobiont speceis, geography, and climate.

74 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S7] : Evolution and Ecology of Lichens

S7-2

Comparative Genome Analysis of Lichen-forming Fungi and Partner Algae

Sook-Young Park1, Hyunjung Song2, Jung A Kim1, Jaeyoung Choi2, Yong-Hwan Lee2, and Jae-Seoun Hur1*

1Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University 2Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Fungal Bioinformatics Laboratory, Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, and Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Seoul National University

Lichens are symbiotic organisms, composed of a fungal partner (the mycobiont) and at least one eukaryotic algal or cyanobacterial species (the photobiont). As demonstrated by the world-wide distribution of lichens in various kinds of habitats from the tropics to the Polar regions, lichen symbiosis seems to be a highly successful adaptation to a diverse range of environmental conditions. To get insight in the genetic features linked to the symbiosis in both fungi and algae, whole-genome sequences of five lichen-forming fungal isolates and two algal isolates were determined. For the five sequenced fungal genomes, average size and the number of predicted genes were 36.05 Mb and 97,468, respectively, and two sequenced algal genomes, average size and the number of predicted genes were 55.14 Mb and 8,995, respectively. We explored genomic features including genes encoding small secreted proteins (SSPs), polyketide synthesis genes, carbohydrate active enzyme-related genes, cytochrome P450 genes, and transcription factor genes. In addition, genome and proteome conservation analysis revealed that the lichen-forming fungal genomes share the majority of genetic materials in common, when compared in a pairwise manner. To gain a better understanding of the molecular determinants of symbiosis, we performed RNA-seq and analyzed gene expression during resynthesis between fungus and alga. We reveal that a number of genes encoding SSPs are involved in symbiosis during the resynthesis. The availability of both fungal and algal genomes will provide an opportunity to decipher an understanding of the processes by which symbionts interact between both organisms. Our study will enhance our understanding of the adaptive evolution of the lichen-forming fungi with the algae to their ecological niches.

www.msk.or.kr | 75 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S7-3

Pannariaceae Lichens: Model Organisms for Global Evolutionary Patterns

Arve Elvebakk1*, Chae Haeng Park2, and Soon Gyu Hong2

1University of Tromsø, the Arctic University of Norway 2KOPRI

Lichens of the family Pannariaceae are widespread throughout the world, from Antarctica, throughout temperate and tropical areas and further into the Arctic. The family is evolutionary old, but its age is uncertain, as its group has been dated as either 270 or 180 Ma old. The family has four major branches recognized by all recent phylogenetic studies. One is tropical, the remaining three are cosmopolitan. However, austral Gondwanaland distributions dominate in two of them and Northern Hemisphere distributions in the last one. These contrasting distributions all indicate a long evolutionary history. We have very recently expanded the tropical branch significantly by describing the new tropical genus Gibbosporina with 12 new species, tentatively dated as 75 Ma old. What came as an additional surprise, was that Xanthosporoma, another genus described as new to science by us, in 2010, came out as a much older, but inaccurately defined link between the tropical branch and the two mainly austral branches. More samples and more genes are now being analyzed to further study this topic. The genus Xanthopsoroma is very small with only two known species, but is very distinct in several characters, and related to Psorophorus, another new genus from our 2010 paper. Pannariaceae representatives were certainly present in the old Gondwanaland forests when the southern continents were much closer to each other than today, and when southern beech forest dominated in Antarctica. After the opening of the Drake Strait and the cooling of Antarctica, representatives of some genera adapted to a cold, tree-less, terricolous habitat, in particular species of Psoroma. They have some representatives on tree trunks in austral forests, however, no less than 7 species are accepted today from Antarctica. We will describe a new one (‘P. antarcticum in prep.’), revise/’revive’ three more from Antarctica, and describe quite a number of additional new species from southernmost South America, New Zealand, and northernmost Europe, and single ones from South Africa and Alaska. A particular interesting case is one Psoroma which migrated from Antarctic/Subantarctic areas into the Northern Hemisphere, possibly in the early Quaternary. Here it developed into the species P. hypnorum as shown by its very wide genetic diversity analyzed from Norwegian material. Much more recently it had

76 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S7] : Evolution and Ecology of Lichens

another rare, casual, long-distance dispersal into Antarctica/neighbouring areas, where it now has a much more narrow genetic diversity, mostly also different, probably meriting status as a separate subspecies. Pannaria is another key genus. We are now developing a phylogeny, still partly hypothetical, of 9 expected major clades, with six different world distribution patterns. Most austral clades have three symbiotic partners, are still very insufficiently known with regard to chemistry, and details in spore morphology and sexual organs. Eight new species have been described by our group so far, the number will probably be tripled. One of the clades has as a polar distribution, with one bipolar species and some subantarctic species partly revised recently. A particular case is a 10th clade, provisionally kept within Pannaria, but differing from the remaining ones by forming a black hyphal mat carrying rather small discrete lichen scales/squamules. We believe that this is a heterogeneous group, representing at least three undescribed genera, some small with an apparently long and isolated evolutionary history in southernmost South America and New Zealand, respectively. However, their classification based on two genes has not been stable so far. Our present project aims to improve the classification considerably, involving five genes, many more sequences, and to elucidate the evolutionary history of the Pannariaceae lichen family on a global scale. Clade formations will probably reflect the old separation of Gondwanaland from Laurasia, the split-up of Gondwanaland, Tertiary cooling which formed a cold Antarctica, and later dramatic Quaternary glaciations. It has also shown local endemism developing in isolated austral islands, contrasting wide distributions in isolated islands within tropical cyclone belts.

www.msk.or.kr | 77 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S7-4

Recent Progress of Korean Lichen Biodiversity Survey: Korea National Arboretum Project

Jae-Seoun Hur

Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University

In common with other areas of East Asian regions, the lichen flora of South Korea is little known. Lichenological studies in this area dates back to 1909 when Hue for the first time reported the occurrence of L. oreina Ach. from this place. From then until 1945, Korean lichens were studied mostly by Japanese lichenologists. But it was in 1960s, that Korean lichenologists started studying lichens by themselves and the first publication of Korean lichenologists came in the year 1964. However, Korean lichenology came into limelight in the year 1990, when Park made her first international publication on macro-lichens of South Korea. After Park’s contribution, several other workers (K. H. Moon, J. S. Hur) developed a keen interest in Korean lichens and started working on them. The first checklist of Korean lichens came in the year 2005, mentioning the occurrence of 113 genera and 510 species. This number pretends to be too few for Korea, in comparison to some European countries, like Greece etc., which have much smaller geographical area but enormous lichen diversity. This point is further clarified by National wide survey supported by Korean National Arboretum during the last 10 years. Recent progress of Korean lichen biodiversity and database preparation is discussed in this presentation.

KEYWORDS: New species, New records, Lichenized fungi, South Korea, Taxonomy

78 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S8]

Probiotics and Gut Homeostasis

Sponsored by Korea Yakult 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S8-1

Characterization of Weissella cibaria Plasmid and Construction of Weissella Minimal Shuttle/Expression Vector

Ju-Hoon Lee

Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University

A 2.1-kb plasmid was previously isolated from Weissella cibaria KLC140 in kimchi and cloned into pUC19 along with the slpA and gfp genes, resulting in an 8.6-kb pKWCSLGFP construct for use as a novel surface display vector. To reduce the size of the vector, the minimal replicon of pKW2124 was determined. The pKW2124 plasmid contains a putative origin of replication (ori), a potential ribosomal binding site (RBS), and the repA gene encoding a plasmid replication protein. To conduct the minimal replicon experiment, four different PCR products (MR1, ori + RBS + repA; MR2, RBS + repA; MR2’, repA; MR3, fragment of repA) were obtained and cloned into pUC19 (pKUCm1, pKUCm2, pKUCm2’, and pKUCm3, respectively) containing the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. These constructed vectors were electroporated into W. confusa ATCC 10881 with different transformation efficiencies of 1.5 × 105 CFU/μg, 1.3 × 101 CFU/μg, and no transformation, respectively, suggesting that the putative ori, RBS, and repA gene are essential for optimum plasmid replication. Subsequent segregational plasmid stability testing of pKUCm1 and pKUCm2 showed that the vector pKUCm1 is highly stable up to 100 generations but pKUCm2 was completely lost after 60 generations, suggesting that the putative ori may be important for plasmid stability in the host strain. In addition, a host range test of pKUCm1 revealed that it has a broad host range spectrum including Weissella, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, and even Lactobacillus. To verify the application of pKUCm1, the β-galactosidase gene and its promoter region from W. cibaria KSD1 were cloned in the vector, resulting in pKUGal. Expression of the β-galactosidase gene was confirmed using blue-white screening after IPTG induction. The small and stable pKUGal vector will be useful for gene transfer, expression, and manipulation in the Weissella genome and in other lactic acid bacteria.

80 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S8] : Probiotics and Gut Homeostasis

S8-2

Approaches to the Microbial Ecology of Food Systems

Gisèle LaPointe

Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

Culture-independent analytical methods have provided the means to study the diversity as well as the transcriptional activity of microbial communities in food and gut systems. The rapid accumulation of genome sequences has also greatly contributed to the expansion of molecular technologies. Now in the postgenomic era, multiphasic approaches combining analysis of DNA, RNA, proteins and metabolites are being applied to microbes in many systems. Cheddar cheese defined starter cultures are generally composed of selected strains of Lactococcus lactis, and their interactions with Lactobacilli of the non-starter microbiota contribute to the development of typical Cheddar flavour. While genotyping reveals basic genetic diversity and strain signatures, differential gene expression profiles give us indicators of transcriptional activity in the cheese matrix and provide biomarkers that can be used to track the effect of process parameters on microbial activity and performance during cheese ripening or during digestion. Studies using PMA-qPCR differentiate viable from non-viable probiotics in cheese and during in vitro digestion, revealing the effect of using multiple strains on their survival. The antioxidant capacity of fermented milk containing Bifidobacterium longum strains actually increases over TIM1 in vitro digestion. Understanding microbial diversity and their interactions will greatly aid our ability to predict their performance in order to design strain mixes to improve dairy product quality and their health impact.

www.msk.or.kr | 81 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S8-3

Rationally Selected Probiotics for Hyper-immune Disorders

Ravi Verma1, Changhon Lee1,2*, Eunji Jeun1,2, and Sin-Hyeog Im1,2*

1Academy of Immunology and Microbiology (AIM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 2Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)

Probiotics are nonpathogenic live microorganism that can provide a diverse health benefits on the host. Recently, many reports suggest that certain probiotic strains or mixture of them could exert potent immunomodulatory activity in diverse disorders. However, efficacy of probiotics is quite different depending on the type of strains and the amounts of doses. We have developed a screening system to selectively identify probiotic strains that could generate CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (iTregs). Among the strains, we found that Bifidobacterium bifidum IRT, and Lactobacillus reuteri IRT showed the higherst IL-10highIl-12low inducing capability. In this study, we tested whether monocolonization of B. bifidum IRT, and L. reuteri IRT in germ free mouse to induce regulatory T cells (Treg) cells, and characterized immune regulatory activity in lamina propria of colon and small intestine. We found that oral feeding of B. bifidum IRT, and L. reuteri IRT significantly enhanced the generation of induced CD4+Foxp3+Helioslow Treg (iTreg) cells and upregulated CTLA4 expression. Treatment of BMDCs and CD4+ T-cells treated with B. bifidum IRT, and L. reuteri IRT or their culture supernatants produced high amount of IL-10 in TLR-2 dependent manner. Currently we are investigating effector molecules from the probiotics strains. [This research was supported by grants from the Institute for Basic Science (IBS; IBS-R005-G1).]

82 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S8] : Probiotics and Gut Homeostasis

S8-4

Application of Nutrition Related-metabolomics for Attenuating Metabolic Diseases

Jong Ho Lee1,2,3*, Minjoo Kim3, and Hyeon Yeong Ahn3

1National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University 2Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University 3Research Center for Silver Science, Institute of Symbiotic Life-TECH, Yonsei University

Metabolomics is a potentially useful approach for the exploration of disease, however, metabolic variation and the development of disease such as cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia have not been clarified. Thus, we evaluated the triglyceride (TG)-lowering effects of consuming dual probiotic strains of L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032 on the fasting plasma metabolome. As a result, the TG-lowering effects of probiotic supplementation, partly through elevated apoA-V, in borderline to moderate hypertriglyceridemic subjects showed reductions in plasma metabolites; fatty acid primary amides and lysoPCs. Probiotic supplementation with or without weight loss may protect against inflammation and adiposity. However, different probiotic strains even from the same species may have variable effects on fat distribution. Therefore, it remains to be established whether specific probiotic strains exert effects on fat accumulation and obesity. Thus, the effect of consumption of two probiotic strains, L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032, on weight loss, body adiposity and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2

(Lp-PLA2) activities in overweight subjects was examined. After 12-week probiotic treatment, the probiotic group presented reductions in body weight, body fat percentage and body fat mass measured using DEXA, and L1 subcutaneous fat area measured using CT, compared to baseline. The change in total fat mass correlated with change Lp-PLA2, which correlated with change ox-LDL. Probiotic-induced weight loss was associated with reductions in fat mass, which correlated with the changes in Lp-PLA2 activities. In addition, to determine changes in fasting metabolic intermediates with supplementation with a combination of L. curvatus HY7601 and L. plantarum KY1032 or placebo and evaluate whether changes in adiposity with probiotic or placebo supplementation were associated with changes in fasting metabolic intermediates. Consequently, in overweight individuals consuming a weight-maintenance diet, probiotic-induced weight loss and adiposity reduction in the supplementation of dual probiotic strains was associated with increases in medium chain acylcarnitines.

www.msk.or.kr | 83

Symposium [S9]

Molecular Pathogenesis of Bacterial Pathogens

Sponsored by Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S9-1

Vibrio vulnificus RtxA1 Toxin as a New Target for Therapy

Joon Haeng Rhee1*, Young Ran Kim2, and Kyung Min Chung3

1Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National Unversity Medical School 2College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University 3Chonbuk National University Medical School

Vibrio vulnificus, a halophilic estuarine bacterium causing fatal septicemia and necrotic wound infection, produces a potent cytotoxin (RtxA1) of repeats in toxin family. The toxin kills host cells only after they come into contact with bacteria and plays an essential role in the pathogenesis. The 501-kDa RtxA1 toxin is processed into two fragments after its secretion into host cells. The larger N-terminal fragment (RtxA1-N, approximately 370 kDa) remained at the host cell membrane, whereas the smaller C-terminal fragment (RtxA1-C, approximately 130 kDa) was internalized into the host cell cytoplasm. RtxA1-N is believed to polymerize and form pores at the host cell. The RtxA1 toxin caused an increase in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and the subsequent activation of JNK. The cell death mechanism is via calcium-dependent mitochondrial pathways, resulting in irreversible mitochondrial membrane dysfunction and ATP depletion, and was later accompanied by the disruption of the integrity of the plasma membrane. Parts of RtxA1 protein appear to specifically interact with host proteins to bring cytotoxicity. Those RtxA1-host partner interaction could serve a new paradigm therapeutics and vaccine developments.

86 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S9] : Molecular Pathogenesis of Bacterial Pathogens

S9-2

Vibrio MARTX Toxins Act as Effector Delivery Platforms to Inhibit Cellular Signaling during Infection

Karla J.F. Satchell

Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Vibrio vulnificus causes rapid septicemia from contaminated seafood or wound infections and is notable for its high rates of hospitalization and death. It is a serious cause of disease in Korea and the US, as well as other countries. The most important virulence factor of V. vulnificus known to date is the large Multifunctional-Autoprocessing RTX toxin (MARTX). This large toxin is comprised of long repeat regions that function to form a pore for translocation of the central portion of the toxin across the eukaryotic cell plasma membrane. The translocated portion includes a cysteine protease domain that processes the toxin to release individual catalytically active “effector domains”. Although the translocation pore is also essential for cytolysis in vitro, this does not translate to virulence in mouse models, where the effector domains are essential for oro-gastric virulence. The function of many of these translocated domains is now recognized. Notably, the most highly virulent strains carry an effector domain that incapacitates the Ras-ERK pathway controlling cell proliferation and cytokine production by processing the Switch 1 region of Ras. Another domain has been found to function as a phospholipase A2 specific for phosphatyidylinositol- 3-phosphate blocking autophagy and endocytic trafficking. These newly characterized domains join previous studies characterizing domains as able to inhibit RhoGTPases, to induce mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, and to produce adenylate cyclase. Thus, we have characterized the V. vulnificus MARTX toxin as a delivery platform for proteins that control virulence by modifying host cell signaling.

www.msk.or.kr | 87 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S9-3

Structural Architecture of Multidrug Efflux Pumps and Type I Secretion Systems from Gram-negative Bacteria

Jin-Sik Kim and Nam-Chul Ha*

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CALS, Seoul National University

The resistance-nodulation-division type tripartite pump AcrAB-TolC and its homologues are responsible for multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria by expelling a wide variety of toxic substrates. The three essential components, AcrA, AcrB, and TolC, must function in concert with each respective binding partner within the complex. In this study, we report an 8.2 Å resolution cryo-electron microscopy 3D reconstruction of the complex that consists of an AcrAB fusion protein and a chimeric TolC protein. The pseudoatomic structure derived from the cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction clearly demonstratesa model only compatible with the adaptor bridging mechanism, wherein the funnel-like AcrA hexamer forms an intermeshing cogwheel-like interaction with the α-barrel tip region of TolC. These observations provide a structural milestone for understanding multidrug resistance in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, and may also lead to the design of new antibacterial drugs. We also present crystal structure of HlyD, which is a structural homologue of AcrA in the Type 1 secretion system and connects to TolC. Based on these structures, we discuss how two cylindrical channel proteins are connected in the Type 1 secretion system and the multidrug efflux pumps. [Supported by grants from NRF and ARC]

88 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S9] : Molecular Pathogenesis of Bacterial Pathogens

S9-4

Horizontal Gene Transfer in Evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis towards Pathogenicity

Olivier Neyrolles

Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, UMR5089 CNRS / Université P. Sabatier, Molecular Mechanisms of Mycobacterial Infections Department, France

Several major pathogens, including the tuberculosis bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, parasitize host cells and exploit host-derived nutrients to sustain their own metabolism. Although the carbon sources that are used by M. tuberculosis have been extensively studied, the mechanisms by which mycobacteria capture and metabolize nitrogen, which is another essential constituent of biomolecules, have only recently been revisited. Here I will discuss central nitrogen metabolism in M. tuberculosis, the mechanisms that are used by this pathogen to obtain nitrogen from its host and the potential role of nitrogen capture and metabolism in virulence. In addition, a parallel transcriptional survey of intracellular mycobacteria and their host macrophages revealed signatures of heavy metal poisoning. In particular, mycobacterial genes encoding heavy metal efflux P-type ATPases CtpC, CtpG, and CtpV, and host cell metallothioneins and zinc exporter ZnT1, were induced during infection. Consistent with this pattern of gene modulation, we observed a burst of free zinc inside macrophages, and intraphagosomal zinc accumulation within a few hours postinfection. Zinc exposure led to rapid CtpC induction, and ctpC deficiency caused zinc retention within the mycobacterial cytoplasm, leading to impaired intracellular growth of the bacilli. Thus, the use of P(1)-type ATPases represents a M. tuberculosis strategy to neutralize the toxic effects of zinc in macrophages. We propose that heavy metal toxicity and its counteraction might represent yet another chapter in the host-microbe arms race. Altogether, our findings further highlight how nutrition and virulence are intimately linked in M. tuberculosis and other bacterial pathogens.

www.msk.or.kr | 89

Symposium [S10]

Ecophysiology of Environmentally Important Microorganisms 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S10-1

Real-Time Detection and Sorting of Colorful Microbes Using Raman Microspectroscopy

Tae Kwon Lee*, Ji Hyun No, Nishu Susmita, and Gui Nam Wee

Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University

Microbes synthesize a diverse pigments which have a high potential of industrial applications. The industry is now able to produce some microbial pigments in the area of food, nutrition, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. However, we overlook many of microbial resources possessing a novel biosynthetic pathway of pigment production due to its limited culture conditions. Thus, identification of useful microbes producing an interested valuable pigment without cultivation is the main technical challenge. To address this issue, we used Raman microspectroscopy to identify and sort living pigment producing bacteria from aquatic environment. For this purpose the lake sample was incubated for a few days under light sources. Subsequently, pigment producing microbes were directly identified via Raman microspectroscopy by their strong carotenoid peaks and sorted with an optical tweezer for whole genome amplification (WGA). Raman spectra obtained from these experiments were well separated into few groups, suggesting that microbial pigments were distinguishable with Raman microspectroscopy. This novel approach offers rapid and real-time detection of natural microbial pigment in the environmental samples, and a better understanding about ecophysiology of pigment producing microbes in the nature.

92 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S10] : Ecophysiology of Environmentally Important Microorganisms

S10-2

Elucidating the Activity of Anaerobic Debrominating Bacteria: From Marine Sponges to Contaminated Sediments

Max M. Häggblom

Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA

Microbial dehalogenation is central in determining the fate of organohalides in the environment and microorganisms appear to have evolved a variety of metabolic strategies for cleaving the carbon-halogen bond. One of the most intriguing metabolisms is the process of respiratory reductive dehalogenation in which the organohalide serves as the electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. While aquatic sediments as significant sinks for halogenated organic pollutants, the marine environment is also a rich source of biogenic organohalides produced by a diversity of marine organisms. Marine sponges are known to produce a vast array of halogenated bioactive compounds as secondary metabolites. These organohalogen compounds in turn appear to select for bacteria that can utilize them as a source of energy. We have demonstrated that anaerobic organohalogen-respiring bacteria are widespread in different sponge species. From an Aplysina aerophoba sponge collected from the Mediterranean Sea we isolated a novel, strict anaerobic bacterium, Desulfoluna spongiiphila of the Deltaproteobacteria, that can grow by respiratory reductive debromination. Using a cultivation and molecular analysis-based approach we demonstrated that D. spongiiphila and its close relatives form a cosmopolitan group widely distributed in organohalide-containing sponges across different geographic locations. The sponge-associated dehalogenating bacteria can operate in vivo and impact the fate of brominated organics. Organobromine- rich sponges thus appear to provide a specialized, possibly ancient, habitat for organohalide-respiring microbes, which mediate a cycling of organohalide compounds within the sponge animal. This new bacterial species group is an excellent model system to study a “chemically-driven” endosymbiotic relationship and one possible origin of organohalogen respiration. Understanding the microbial processes that control the fate and effects of organohalide compounds will in turn lay the foundation for harnessing the activities of dehalogenating bacteria in the development of novel bioremediation strategies. For example, stimulating anaerobic biological dehalogenation offers one of the most promising approaches towards eventual detoxification and complete degradation of halogenated contaminant mixtures.

www.msk.or.kr | 93 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S10-3

Subsurface Microbial Redox Activities on Radionuclides in Contaminated Sediments

Ji-Hoon Lee

Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Chonbuk National University

Microbial activities on radionuclide elements, uranium and technetium, were investigated for their alteration in solubility and potentials on the immobilization by redox transformations, from the contaminated sediments, WA, USA. Influence of microbial and/or biogeochemical redox transformations 2- - of iron minerals was investigated on solubility of uranium (UO2 ) and technetium (TcO4 ), and the contributing microbial communities were analyzed as well. Final products of the microbially and/or biogeochemically transformed phases of U and Tc were examined for the identification by using a variety of analytical advances. In addition, strains of lithoautotrophic bacteria with ability of Tc(VII) reduction were isolated and characterized from the oxygen gradient zone, suggesting the maintenance of the redox gradient in the subsurface transition zone and influence the migration of contaminants.

94 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S10] : Ecophysiology of Environmentally Important Microorganisms

S10-4

Searching for Core Microbiome in Wastewater Treatment Plant Bioreactors

Sang-Hoon Lee, Jeong-Hoon Park, and Hee-Deung Park*

School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University

Core microbiome in activated sludge wastewater treatment bioreactors is important in interpreting the ecology of microbial consortia in the habitat. To search for core microbiome, we analyzed 16S rRNA gene sequences collected temporally from 39 samples in 6 full-scale wastewater treatment plants located in Korea and China. In the seminar, I would like to present about several ecological behaviors of core microbiome observed in the treatment plants, such as patch dynamics, functional redundancy, and species sorting. This study will provide insight into the activated sludge bacteria that commonly occur.

www.msk.or.kr | 95

Symposium [S11]

Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Foods

Sponsored by World Institute of Kimchi 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S11-1

Production of Lactobacillus brevis WK12, a Microbial Additive for Kimchi Fermentation, and Studies on Its Formulation Strategy Using Soy Powder and Microencapsulation

Hae Woong Park*, Hyun Jung Gwak, Keon Jin Lee, Sang Il Lee, Sanghyun Ha, Ae Ri Han, Hyeyeon Song, Ho Hyun Chun, and Young Bae Chung

R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi

Lactobacillus brevis WK12 is a potential microbial addictive which controls fermentation process to preserve the quality of kimchi. For industrial use of the strain, it is necessary to obtain high productivity of biomass and develop formulation strategy for viability. With optimal medium and operating conditions, the yield of 8.6 × 109 CFU/ml was obtained in a 5 L jar. When fed with additional carbon source, the yield increased up to 1.0 × 1010 CFU/ml. Scale up of L. brevis WK12 production was successfully performed to a 5,000 L plant scale with a comparable yield of a 5 L jar. In addition, food-grade cryoprotective agents, i.e., skim milk, soy powder, yeast extract, and trehalose were tested for viability of L. brevis WK12 during freeze drying. Ten percentage of soy powder showed a strong protective effect on L. brevis WK12, showing 92.5% of viability. Microencapsulation in Ca-alginate beads enhanced the viability, compared to nonencapsulated cells. Moreover, there was a synergetic effect on the viability of 98% when encapsulated L. brevis WK12 in Ca-alginate beads were soaked in 10% of soy powder prior to freeze-drying. These results suggest that L. brevis WK12 may be ready for industrial use with cost effectiveness.

98 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S11] : Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Foods

S11-2

Metabolomics Understanding of Lactic Acid Bacteria during Fermentation

Young-Shick Hong

Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University

Metabolomics is the study of metabolite profiling in multicellular systems of urine, serum and tissues of intact laboratory animals and patients. This field have exploded with new technologies during the past decade. Initially, metabolomics data were generated largely by NMR spectroscopy and more recently, has been studied using HPLC or UPLC combined with mass spectrometry (MS). The statistical analysis of multivariate metabolic data, especially in NMR-based metabolomics, make it easy to interpret the complex information in biological samples, e.g. drug toxicity, drug efficacy, lifestyle, age, gender, diet, and intestinal bacteria and parasites. NMR spectroscopy of plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and urine as well as various tissues has been applied successfully to both preclinical and clinical studies of neurodegenerative disease such as Huntington disease, schizophrenia syndrome, muscular dystrophy and dietary modulation, evaluating the progression of disease and favourable versus unfavourable responses to drug or diet treatments. Because metabolomics is in many ways to closest to phenotype and physiology or pathology, and dietary effect, it might offer the best way to find out novel metabolic pathway and biomarker related to disease. This presentation introduces the basics of metabolomics and metabolomics understanding of various lactic acid bacteria during wine fermentation.

www.msk.or.kr | 99 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S11-3

Health Claims for Probiotics and Prebiotics – New Insights for Human Intervention Study to Measure Gut Inflammatory Response

Ji Yeon Kim

Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology

An effectively functioning immune system is crucial for maintaining physiological integrity, and thus health. The immune system provides defense against infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Recently, EFSA published that maintaining a normal immune function is a beneficial physiological effect. Defense against pathogens comprises different mechanisms which act in concert to protect against infection. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms may cause infections at various sites of the body, and the defense against pathogens at a specific site of the body is considered a beneficial physiological effect. The capacity for defense against pathogens in the gastro-intestinal tract may be a good clinical trial model for proving gastro-intestinal health. Additionally, immune response to vaccination is an acceptable outcome to substantiate a beneficial physiological effect on the immune system. Inflammatory responsiveness or resilience to challenges may provide a more sensitive and meaningful indication of inflammatory state in the general population than the assessment of markers during the steady state and potentially the early response to a vaccine seem to be best standardized, most relevant and most feasible challenges for application in nutrition studies. Dietary modulation of the response to vaccination seems to be a good model for stimulating gastrointestinal inflammation and increasing gut permeability.

100 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S11] : Lactic Acid Bacteria and Fermented Foods

S11-4

Comparison of NGS Platforms for the Analysis of Korean Gut Microbiome

Young-Do Nam

Research Group of Gut Microbiome, Division of Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Korea Food Research Institute

After the HGP, Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was initiated to fill a gap between our current understanding derived from HGP and actual physiological phenomenon not regulated by human but microbes and HMP created a new view of ourselves as “super-organisms” consisting of a human host and thousands of microbial symbionts. Human gut microbiota plays important roles in harvesting energy from the diet, stimulating the proliferation of the intestinal epithelium, developing the immune system, and regulating fat storage in the host. In addition, numerous diseases, including type 1 & 2 diabetes (T1 & T2D), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and gastric and colonic cancers, have been shown to be linked to dysbiosis of gut microbial communities. The shape of gut microbiota is mainly influenced by host genotype and diet style and Korean individuals have unique features in these two factors. Therefore, it is obviously assumed that the characteristics of Korean gut microbiota are differed from that of foreign populations. Recent advances of sequencing technology have been made more comprehensive analysis of microbiomes in various environments. However, there are some issues in the analysis of microbial diversity with these next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. Before the analysis of Korean gut microbiome, NGS platform, target regions of marker gene, and databases for microbial identification should be evaluated. Therefore, we report the recent results of Korean gut microbiota analyzed with three types of NGS platforms covering different variable regions of 16S rDNA gene.

www.msk.or.kr | 101

Symposium [S12]

Virus and Cancer 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S12-1

Mechanism of KSHV Latency and Cellular Transformation

Shou-Jiang Gao

Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, USA

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a gammaherpesvirus causally associated with several human cancers including Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma and a subset of multicentric Castleman’s disease. The life cycle of KSHV consists of latent and lytic replication phases. KSHV latent infection is required for the development of KSHV-associated cancers while lytic replication promotes the progression of cancers. Only a handful of KSHV genes are expressed during latency, which suppress viral lytic replication. A number of extracellular signals and downstream signaling pathways can reactivate KSHV into lytic replication. KSHV can efficiently infect and transform primary mesenchymal stem cells. KSHV-transformed cells are predominantly latent and can efficiently induce tumors in nude mice with pathological features highly reminiscent of human KS tumors. KSHV-encoded latent products including vFLIP (ORF71) and a cluster of microRNAs are required for KSHV-induced cellular transformation by regulating cell growth and survival, and cellular metabolic pathways while vCyclin (ORF72) promotes cellular transformation by overriding p27-mediated contact inhibition. KSHV-transformed cells are addicted to a number of cellular pathways, which are potential therapeutic targets for KSHV-associated cancers.

104 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S12] : Virus and Cancer

S12-2

New Insights into the Biology of Hepatitis B Virus: Viral Oncogenesis

Wang-Shick Ryu

Department of Biochemistry, Yonsei University

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to severe liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism underlying the HBV-associated HCC remained elusive. HBx, a viral regulatory protein, has been a focus, because HBx induces multiple cancer-related cytoplasmic signaling such as NF-kB, Ras-Raf-MAPK, and Wnt signaling. In addition, HBx-induced Myc stabilization has been reported; however, the mechanism by which HBx induces Myc stabilization has been unclear. We found that HBx induces Myc stabilization via directing binding on Myc oncoprotein. Mechanistically, the HBx-induced Myc stabilization is achieved by inhibiting the SCFSkp2 ubiquitin E3 ligase-mediated Myc ubiquitination. Moreover, we found the HBV-induced Myc elevation in HCC tissues, validating that HBx-induced Myc stabilization is attributable for the HBV-induced HCC. Importantly, we defined the Myc binding site of HBx polypeptide into four hydrophobic residues near the carboxyl-terminus (i.e., VFVL). Work is in progress to exploit this peptide segment for the treatment of the HCC.

www.msk.or.kr | 105 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S12-3

IFN-λ4 Potently Induces ISG15/USP18-mediated IFN-α Unresponsiveness

Eui-Cheol Shin

Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST

IFN-λ4 is a newly identified type III IFN, and its genetic polymorphism has been proven to predict responses to IFN-α-based therapy in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. The IFNL4-TT genotype, which does not produce IFN-λ4 protein due to a premature stop codon, is associated with a favorable treatment response while the IFNL4-△G genotype coding for functional IFN-λ4 protein is associated with a poor treatment response. However, the mechanism of this paradoxic association has not been elucidated. Recently, we demonstrated that prolonged exposure to IFNs results in IFN-α unresponsiveness by ISG15 induction and USP18 stabilization (Sung et al. PNAS 2015, 112:10443). In the present study, we examined the ability of IFN-λ4 to induce ISG15/USP18-mediated IFN-α unresponsiveness in comparison with IFN-β and the other IFN-λs. We transfected Huh-7 cells with genes coding for various IFNs and examined the expression of ISG15 and USP18 and responsiveness to exogenous IFN-α treatment. After IFN-λ4 gene transfection, IFN-λ4 protein was scarcely detected in culture supernatant as previously reported. However, IFN-λ4 robustly increased the protein levels of ISG15 and USP18 in an IFN-λ R-dependent manner and potently reduced IFN-α responsiveness. The ISG15/USP18-mediated IFN-α unresponsiveness was confirmed by transfection of siRNAs for ISG15 and/or USP18. This potent activity of IFN-λ4 was related with unphosphorylated ISGF3, formed by high levels of IRF-9, STAT-1 and STAT-2. The current data demonstrate that IFN-λ4 potently induces ISG15/USP18-mediated IFN-α unresponsiveness and explain why the presence of functional IFN-λ4 protein in IFNL4-△G genotype-carrying hosts is associated with a poor response to IFN-α-based therapy against HCV infection.

106 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S12] : Virus and Cancer

S12-4

Constitutive Activation of T Cells by a Herpesviral GPCR through the Interaction with Cellular CXCR4

Eun-Kyung Kwon and Nam-Hyuk Cho*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine

The members of herpesviral family use multiple strategies to hijack infected host cells and exploit cellular signaling for their pathogenesis. One of the intriguing arsenal of the pathogenic herpesviruses is the virally-encoded G protein-coupled receptors (vGPCRs) which are constitutively active and thereby harness host signaling pathways. Even though various cellular signaling could be modulated by the vGPCRs and contribute to viral pathogenesis such as immune evasion or proliferative disorders, molecular details how vGPCRs continuously activate cellular signaling is largely unknown. Here, we report that vGPCR of Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS), belonging to oncogenic 2-herepesviruses, constitutively activate T cells via a heteromeric interaction with cellular CXCR4 in the absence of any cognate ligand. Constitutive T cell activation also occurs by expression of vGPCR of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) but not by vGPCR of Epstein-Barr virus. Expression of HVS vGPCR down-regulated the surface expression of CXCR4 but did not induce degradation of the chemokine receptor, suggesting a continuous signaling in the cytosolic compartments. The physical association of the vGPCR with CXCR4 was demonstrated by proximity ligation assay as well as immunoprecipitation. Interestingly, ithe constitutive activation of T cells by HVS vGPCR is independent on the proximal T cell receptor (TCR) signaling molecules, such as TCR, Lck, or ZAP70, whereas CXCR4 silencing by shRNA abolished T cell activation by vGPCRs of HVS or KSHV. Furthermore, inactive vGPCR mutants identified previously failed to interact with CXCR4. These findings on the positive cooperativity of vGPCR with cellular CXCR4 in T cell activation extend the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating constitutive activity of vGPCR and shed light on the functional heteromerization for GPCR function.

www.msk.or.kr | 107

Symposium [S13]

Human Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens

Sponsored by BK21PLUS Initiative for Biological Function & Systems 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S13-1

Dimorphism and Host-Pathogen Interactions in the Emerging Fungal Infection, Mucormycosis

Soo Chan Lee1*, Judith M. Bain2, Johanna Louw2, Lars P. Erwig2, Dennis C. Ko1, and Joseph Heitman1

1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 2Division of Applied Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK

The host-pathogen interface is an important base in establishment of infections by pathogenic microbes and understanding these processes provides a fundamental forum to develop therapeutic interventions. Although mucormycosis, an infection caused by mucoralean fungi, is emerging and continuing to increase due to increasing cohorts of immunocompromised patients, our knowledge about host-pathogen interactions in mucormycosis is as yet in its infancy. The causal fungi include Mucor spp., Rhizopus spp., Lichtheimia spp., and others, among which this study focuses on Mucor circinelloides. Interestingly, Mucor is a dimorphic fungus and its morphogenic transition between spores/hyphae and yeast depends on environmental conditions. We found that the spores/hyphae are more virulent form of this fungus; in contrast, yeast-locked mutants display significantly diminished virulence. In this study, we further demonstrate that the dimorphic transition of Mucor programs different outcomes during host-pathogen interactions. When macrophages phagocytose Mucor yeast, subsequent phagosomal maturation occurs, indicating host cells respond appropriately to control the pathogen. On the other hand, upon phagocytosis of spores, macrophages fail to form mature phagosomes. The proangiogenic growth factor FGF-2 is induced from cultured and primary immune cells by spores/hyphae but not by yeast, and proinflammatory cytokines are induced in cultured human monocyte cells by spores/hyphae but not by yeast. Interestingly, spores of another mucoralean fungus, Rhizopus, display similar host-pathogen interactions, including phagosome maturation arrest and induction of FGF-2 from cultured human immune cells. The foundation provided by Mucor dimorphism will further enable us to identify general host-pathogen interactions that are deployed by Mucorales fungi, thus facilitating the development of therapeutic interventions against this fatal fungal infection.

110 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S13] : Human Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens

S13-2

Systematic Functional Analysis of Pathogenicity Networks in a Global Fungal Meningitis Pathogen

Yong-Sun Bahn

Department of Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Yonsei University

Cryptococcus neoformans causes life-threatening meningoencephalitis in humans, but the treatment of cryptococcosis remains challenging. To develop novel therapeutic targets and approaches, signaling cascades governing pathogenicity of C. neoformans have been extensively studied but the underlying pathobiological regulatory circuits remain elusive. In this study, we constructed a high-quality library of more than 550 signature-tagged gene-deletion strains through homologous recombination methods for 155 putative transcription factor and 117 kinase genes and examined their in vitro and in vivo phenotypic traits under 32 distinct growth conditions. This high-functional-coverage phenome analysis uncovered myriad novel transcription factors and kinases, which play critical roles in growth, differentiation, stress responses, antifungal drug resistance, and virulence. Large-scale virulence and infectivity assays in insect and mouse host models identified more than hundred genes that are critical for pathogenicity. These pathogenicity-related transcription factors and kinases are involved in the following biological functions: growth and the cell cycle, nutrient metabolism, the stress response and adaptation, cell signalling, cell polarity and morphology, vacuole trafficking, tRNA modification, and other previously unknown functions. The genotypic and phenotypic data for each transcription factor and kinase are all publicly available in the C. neoformans transcription factor phenome database and kinase phenome database, respectively. In conclusion, our phenome-based functional analyses of the C. neoformans transcription factor and kinase mutant libraries provide key insights into regulatory networks of basidiomycetous fungi as well as the ubiquitous human fungal pathogen.

www.msk.or.kr | 111 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S13-3

Synthesis and Regulation of Zearalenone in Fusarium graminearum

Yin-Won Lee* and Ae Ran Park

Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University

Some Fusarium species produce zearalenone (ZEA) that is a polyketide mycotoxin. ZEA causes hyperestrogenic syndrome in animals and is often found in F. graminearum–infected cereals. The ZEA biosynthetic cluster genes PKS13, PKS4, ZEB1 and ZEB2 encode a non-reducing polyketide synthase, a reducing polyketide synthase, an isoamyl alcohol oxidase and a transcription factor, respectively. In particular, the ZEB2 gene produces two isoforms (ZEB2L and ZEB2S) via an alternative promoter. ZEB2L contains a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus, whereas ZEB2S is an N-terminally truncated form of ZEB2L that lacks the bZIP domain. ZEB2L and ZEB2S interact with each other to form a heterodimer that regulates ZEA production by reducing the binding affinity of ZEB2L for the ZEB2L gene promoter. The ZEB2 expression is autoregulated by alternative promoter usage for ZEA production in F. graminearum; this regulatory mechanism is similar to that in higher eukaryotes.

112 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S13] : Human Opportunistic Fungal Pathogens

S13-4

The NDR Kinase Cbk1: A Versatile Player in the Hyphal Morphogenesis of Candida albicans

Jong-Myeong Kim, Hye-Jeong Lee, Woo-Kyu Kang, and Jeong-Yoon Kim*

Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University

NDR (nuclear Dbf2-related) kinases, which belong to the serine/threonine AGC (PKA/PKG/PKC-like) class of protein kinases, are evolutionarily conserved from yeast to human. The NDR kinase Cbk1 is the key component of the RAM (Regulation of Ace2 and Morphogenesis) signaling network that regulates diverse cellular processes, including daughter cell-specific gene expression, cell wall integrity, and glycosylation and secretion, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Recently, we reported that the NDR kinase Cbk1 and other components in the RAM signaling network are essential for the hyphal morphogenesis of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. In addition, C. albicans Cbk1 was found to be associated with maintenance of cell wall integrity, completion of cell separation, and induction of ergosterol biosynthesis genes in response to hyphal induction or azole drug treatment. These results suggest that Cbk1 should be one of the most important proteins involved in the pathogenicity of C. albicans. To unravel the molecular mechanisms by which Cbk1 controls C. albicans hyphal morphogenesis, we investigated the roles of Cbk1 downstream effectors in hyphal growth. We found that the mRNA-binding protein Ssd1 is a substrate of Cbk1 and the phosphorylation of Ssd1 by Cbk1 is required for the degradation of the transcriptional repressor Nrg1 during hyphal initiation. Identification of Ssd1-bound mRNAs suggested that Ssd1 is involved in the activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway that promotes the hyphal growth of C. albicans by degrading Nrg1 and activating the transcriptional activator Efg1. We also found that, while the Cdc42 GTPase is widely distributed over the cytoplasm in the absence of Cbk1, a constitutively active form of Cdc42 is localized at the growing bud and hyphal tip in the cbk1 mutant, which suggests that Cbk1 plays a role in the localization of Cdc42 in C. albicans. We will discuss how Cbk1 orchestrates diverse cellular processes required for the polarized growth of C. albicans.

www.msk.or.kr | 113

Symposium [S14]

Synthetic Microbiology for Biotechnology and Therapeutic Applications 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S14-1

Microbial Cell Factory for Isoprenoids Production

Chonglong Wang, Jung-Hun Kim, Ji-Bin Park, Ju-Eon Park, and Seon-Won Kim*

Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University

Isoprenoids, also called terpenoids, are a large and diverse class of naturally-occurring compounds. They are present in all living organisms and include many important drugs, valuable flavor and fragrance compounds, pigments, antioxidants, steroids and natural polymers. However, most of valuable isoprenoids are produced in a trace amount as secondary metabolites from intractable slow growing organisms such as plants, actinomycetes, archaea, etc. Isoprenoids are derived from five-carbon universal building blocks assembled and modified in various ways. IPP (isopentenyl diphosphate) and DMAPP (dimethylallyl diphosphate) are the building blocks which are produced from either the mevalonic acid (MVA) or methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways. The increased synthesis of building blocks of IPP and DMAPP through metabolic redesign is a way to enhance the production of isoprenoids. Using E. coli as a host, IPP and DMAPP supply can be increased significantly through the introduction of foreign MVA (mevalonate) pathway into it. The carotenoids are tetraterpenoid pigment molecules, facilitating metabolic redesign for the pathway optimization because of their convenient colorimetric screening properties. Because the root of all isoprenoids synthesis pathway share the universal C5 metabolic precursors (IPP and DMAPP), metabolic redesign work with carotenoids can provide genetic platforms for the production of other valuable isoprenoids. We successfully produced the valuable compounds of isoprene, geraniol, farnesol, farnesene, squalene, santalene, bisabolol and retinoids using the platform E. coli strain resulting from the carotenoids works. [This work is supported by a grant (NRF-2013R1A1A2008289) and a grant (NRF-2012M1A2A2671831) from the National Research Foundation, MSIP, and a grant from the Next-Generation BioGreen21 Program (SSAC, grant#: PJ01106201), RDA, Korea]

116 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S14] : Synthetic Microbiology for Biotechnology and Therapeutic Applications

S14-2

Evolutionary Engineering for Chemical Producing Microorganisms Using Synthetic Regulators

Jina Yang1, Sungho Jang1, and Gyoo Yeol Jung1,2*

1Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH 2I-Bio Program, POSTECH

Pathway optimization of microbial metabolism is essential for the production of commercially valuable chemicals such as biofuels, platform chemicals and biologically active compounds. To achieve the successful design or redesign of microbial metabolism, robustness of naturally occurring biological systems has to be relieved so that cells can be easily redesigned. Although extremely huge efforts have been made to find genetic target to improve metabolic function of the microorganisms, there still exists the additional room for the non-rational approach. Currently, typical approach for metabolic engineering uses both rational approach as well as non-rational methods such as combinatorial and evolutionary methods. One of the most critical problems of metabolic engineering is especially robustness of the biological systems. Bacterial cells are generally evolved at the various levels from DNA to protein for maintaining their robustness against the changing circumstances. Therefore, general strategy to modify cellular physiology depending the robustness or flexibility of the biological systems should be required. In this study, we developed synthetic selection devices using the expression regulators at transcription and translation levels. By combining the product-sensitive promoters and selection markers, a selection device turning the cellular phenotype into selective based on the intracellular concentration of the product. Additionally, intracellular metabolite sensor named “riboselector” to regulate metabolic distribution will be presented. The potentials of the platform technology developed in this study for the application to the production of biofuels and commodity chemicals.

www.msk.or.kr | 117 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S14-3

Bacteria-mediated Cancer Theranostics: Bacteria Meet Oncology

Jin Hai Zheng1, Seung-Hwan Park1, Yeongjin Hong2, Joon Haeng Rhee2, Hyon E. Choy2, and Jung-Joon Min1,2*

1Department of Nuclear Medicine, 2Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School

The word “theranostics” refers to the simultaneous integration of diagnosis and therapy. Cancer theranostics is to apply and further develop anti-cancer strategies for advanced theranostics, i.e. to apply and further develop the various carriers such as microbes, protein scaffolds, polyer conjugations, and other organic/inorganic nanoparticles for sustained, controlled and targeted co-delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Bacteria have unique properties that make them well-suited for use as ‘optimized’ anticancer agents. This is because bacteria can specifically target and proliferate in cancer tissue and can be engineered to overcome the limitations that hamper current cancer therapies. Using a top-down engineering approach, the ideal cancer therapy can be envisioned as follows: bacterial cells are engineered as tiny programmable ‘micro-sized robot’ that specifically target tumors, move in response to external signals, induce specific cytotoxicity and are externally detectable in vivo. Our work provides a basis to develop novel ‘targeted cancer theranostics’ that may complement conventional therapy in the future.

118 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S14] : Synthetic Microbiology for Biotechnology and Therapeutic Applications

S14-4

Engineered Biosynthesis of Non-immunosuppressive FK566 Analogues with Improved Therapeutic Properties

Yeo Joon Yoon

Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University

FK506 is a 23-membered macrolide of Streptomyces origin exhibiting various biological activities such as immunosuppressive, antifungal, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative. It is a clinically important drug used to prevent the rejection of organ transplants. We recently characterized the detailed biosynthetic pathway of allylmalonyl-coenzyme A from which the FK506 allyl group is derived. Characterization of this discrete pathway facilitated the engineered biosynthesis of novel allyl group-modified FK506 analogues which exhibits improved neurite outgrowth activity. We have also detailed the post-modification step in the biosynthesis of FK506, demonstrating that substrate-flexible post-PKS modification enzymes can be utilized for the biosynthesis of non-immunosuppressive FK506 analogues with neuroregenerative and antifungal activity. In addition, FK506 analogues containing a non-natural starter unit could be obtained through mutasynthesis. Taken together, these results illuminates an efficient synthetic biology strategy for the generation of FK506 analogues with improved therapeutic properties.

www.msk.or.kr | 119

Symposium [S15]

Ecological Aspect of Microorganisms via Phylogenetic Approach

Sponsored by CFST, Seoul National University 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S15-1

Systematics of Vibrionaceae Based on Analysis of Genome Sequence Data

Henryk Urbanczyk

Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Japan

This presentation will describe studies of diversification of evolutionary closely related Vibrio species (family Vibrionaceae, Gammaproteobacteria). Initially, whole genome sequence data was used for classification of the Vibrio strains into species. Later, the number of interspecies and intraspecies recombination events occurring within core genomes of the bacteria was estimated. The analysis revealed a low number of interspecies recombination events when analyzing strains isolated from different ecologies, over 80 years apart, or from different hemispheres. Similarly, the number of identified interspecies recombination events was low between strains isolated from the same geographic location within a short time frame. In contrast, the number of identified intraspecies recombination events was disproportionally high, even between strains that have significant temporal (over 18 years) and geographical (over 10,000 km) differences in their origins of isolation. Results of this study reveal a remarkable stability of the analyzed Vibrio species, suggest that ecology of bacteria had little influence over the frequency of interspecies recombination in the core genomic regions, and give clues about the origins and persistence of Vibrio species.

122 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S15] : Ecological Aspect of Microorganisms via Phylogenetic Approach

S15-2

Microbiome Studies in Various Samples

Bong-Soo Kim

Department of Life Sciences, Hallym University

The advancements of sequencing techniques with developing bioinformatic tools have been applied to the various microbiome studies in environments. To date, high-throughput sequencing of amplified gene marker (eg. 16S rRNA) for phylogenetic approach has been widely used to study of microorganisms in environments. These approaches have provided the structure of microbial communities in environments; however, the ecological interpretations with taxonomic information of microbial communities are limited. Therefore, metagenome shotgun sequencing and metatranscriptome sequencing have been used to analyze the functional roles of microbial community in these days. These techniques can provide both of taxonomic and functional profiles of microbial communities. We applied high-throughput sequencing to study microbiome in various environmental samples. Here, we briefly introduce our studies on various samples.

www.msk.or.kr | 123 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S15-3

Characterization of Extremely Halophilic Microbial Eukaryotes (Protozoa): Autecology and Diversity

Jong Soo Park

Department of Oceanography, School of Earth System Sciences, Kyungpook National University

Hypersaline environments are widely, but sparsely distributed across Earth. Representative hypersaline habitats above 150‰ salinity are Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, Hutt Lagoon, Wieliczka salt mine, and solar salterns as a type of extreme environment. All domains of life are capable of growth under these extreme conditions. Halophilic bacteria are known to be ～50 genera including Salinibacter and Halomonas, while halophilic archaea are spread ～20 genera, mostly in the Haloarchaea as a single clade. The best known microbial eukaryote in hypersaline environments is autotrophic Dunaliella spp., which are extreme halotolerant algae. However, the autecology and diversity of microbial eukaryotes are more poorly understood, in particular for heterotrophic eukaryotes (protozoa). In fact, many scientists suggest that there is no heterotrophic eukaryote among extreme halophiles. Here, several heterotrophic microbial eukaryotes are successfully isolated from a variety of hypersaline environment: Halocafeteria, Pleurostomum, Trimyema, Tulamoeba, Euplaesiobystra, and Pharyngomonas. All isolates are the previously unknown genera or species that can grow at 150‰ salinity or above. Also, SSU rRNA gene sequences of the cultured protozoa isolated from hypersaline waters of >125‰ salinity in Australia, North America, and Europe (6 geographic sites, 25 distinct samples) imply that their biogeographic distribution may be depended on the size of cells in some cases. Therefore, hypersaline environments can harbor lots of the novel species, but more-specific molecular detection of halophilic protozoa is still needed to test their biogeographic pattern across Earth.

124 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S15] : Ecological Aspect of Microorganisms via Phylogenetic Approach

S15-4

Platforms for Analysis of Fungal Diversity and Application to the Antarctic Environments

Soon Gyu Hong1*, Kyung Mo Kim2, Kyuin Hwang1, Jeongsu Oh2, Ok Sun Kim1, Hyun Soo Lim3, Ahn Na Cho1, Hyun Joo Noh1, Yung Mi Lee1, and Hong Kum Lee1

1Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 2Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology 3Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University

Fungi are important components of the nature and information for fungal diversity in each habitat is a prerequisite to understand nutrient cycling and biological activities in soil, rock, and water, and physiological activities of plants and animals that are affected by fungal symbiosis and pathogenicity. We developed a series of bioinformatics tools to analyze fungal diversity from NGS sequence information, which includes MycoDE, a reference sequence database with curated taxonomic information. The Antarctic is one of the least studied areas in the world and fungal diversity is hardly known. Fungal diversity of Antarctic environments was analyzed from 1,700,000 LSU rRNA gene sequence reads obtained by amplicon sequencing from terrestrial soil, marine sediment, rock, fresh water, seawater, biofilm, plant, and lichen samples. Clustering sequences altogether with 99% similarity cutoff resulted in 26,000 OTUs. The highest fungal diversity was observed from terrestrial soil samples and followed by marine sediments and plant samples. Large proportion of fungal OTUs recovered from fresh water, plant and marine sediments were unique to each habitat. Instead fungal OTUs in lichen samples were frequently found in terrestrial soil, and marine sediment. Many of rock inhabiting fungi were also found in terrestrial soil and lichen samples. The majority of fungi were included in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and especially in classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, Lecanoromycetes, Leotiomycetes, Saccharomycetes, and Sordariomycetes in Ascomycota and in classes Agaricomycetes, Pucciniomycetes, Tremellomycetes and Rhodotorula related phylogenetic lineages in Basidiomycota. Many of the fungal OTUs were still unclassified by sequence similarity searches, implying that there are a lot of uncovered fungal species in the Antarctic environments. Habitat sharing and geographical migration of fungal species will be presented.

www.msk.or.kr | 125

Symposium [S16]

Recent Progress in Vaccine Development against Traditional and Emerging Pathogens

Sponsored by International Vaccine Institute 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S16-1

Universal Influenza Vaccine Approach: Options and Obstacles

Baik Lin Seong1,2,3* and Yo Han Jang1

1Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University 2Translational Vaccine Research Center, Yonsei University 3Translational Research Center for Protein Function Control, Yonsei University

The recent discovery and characterization of neutralizing antibodies specific to the highly conserved stalk (stem) region of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) has raised an exciting prospect that a universal influenza vaccine could be developed by rational vaccine designs. To achieve this goal, prime-boost immunization strategy with 'chimeric HA' or 'headless HA' has been advanced to redirect host immune responses from the variable globular head domain to the conserved stalk domain. While this approach has been successful in eliciting cross-reactive antibodies against the HA stalk domain, protective efficacy remains relatively poor due to low immunogenicity of the domain, and the cross-reactivity was only within the same group, rather than among different groups. Additionally, concerns are raised on the possibility of vaccine-associated enhancement of viral infection, and whether multiple boost immunization protocols would be considered practical from a clinical standpoint. A live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) hitherto remains unexplored, but is expected to serve as an alternative approach considering its well-known superior cross-reactivity. The LAIV mimics natural infection and thus provide efficient protection against the viral infection by inducing both systemic and local immunity. Well-documented cross-protection of the LAIV over the inactivated or subunit vaccines could serve the key toward the development of the universal influenza vaccine. Our data showed that prime-boost vaccinations with various combinations of cold-adapted live attenuated influenza vaccines induced cross-reactive systemic and mucosal antibody responses against the heterologous influenza viruses. Notably, all the immunized mice were protected against lethal challenges with the heterologous and heterosubtypic HA group 1 and group 2 viruses, even in the absence of antibody-mediated viral-neutralization, membrane fusion inhibition, or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro assays. Instead, specific cytotoxic T-cell responses directed against to the conserved NP or HA epitope were stimulated upon the heterologous infections, suggesting that the CTL responses may play an important role in the cross-protection. The results suggest that the LAIVs provide a simple and alternative option for developing the truly universal influenza vaccines with broad spectrum of protection covering both HA groups of influenza viruses.

128 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S16] : Recent Progress in Vaccine Development against Traditional and Emerging Pathogens

S16-2

Human DPP4 Transgenic Mice as Surrogate Models for MERS

Chien-Te K. Tseng1,4*, Anurodh Shankar Agrawal1, Xinrong, Tao1, Abdullah Algaissi1, Tania Garron1, Tehsheng Chan1, Bi-Hung Peng2, and Robert B. Couch3

1Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, 2Pathology, 3Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, and 4Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA

Continued occurrences of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome caused by a coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and its proven transmissibility among humans constitute an ongoing public health threat. Animal models, especially small animal models that simulate human disease, are needed for studies of pathogenesis and development of vaccines and antivirals for prevention and treatment of MERS-CoV infection and disease. Mice and other commonly used laboratory small animal species (i.e., hamsters and ferrets) are not susceptible to MERS-CoV because they lack the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) viral entry receptor. To overcome this deficiency, we developed several lineages of transgenic mice expressing human (h) DPP4 globally or specifically within lungs by using the CAGGS and surfactant protein B (SPB) promoters, respectively, as surrogate models for MERS-CoV infections. We showed that one lineage (line 52) of transgenic mice globally expressing hDPP4 is highly susceptible to intranasal challenge with MERS-CoV as extensive viral infection developed within lungs and brain and dissemination occurred to other organs; relentless weight and uniform death ensued; and the

50% lethal dose (LD50) and infectious dose (ID50) were 5 and 0.4 TCID50 of MERS-CoV, respectively. Additionally, the model provided a robust preclinical model for testing the efficacy of medical countermeasures for MERS. In contrast to the ubiquitous hDPP4 expression of CAGGS-derived transgenic mice, three (out of twelve) SPB-hDPP4 transgenic lineages (Lines 20, 71, and 87) expressed hDPP4 almost exclusively within the lungs but with different intensity. Consistent with this lung-specific hDPP4 expression, active viral infection appeared restricted to the lungs as virus was not detected in the extra-pulmonary tissues tested. Although the lowest hDPP4 expression was for line 87, it was the first with sufficient numbers of animals for further testing. These 6 mice were challenged intranasal with MERS-CoV (10 TCID50/mouse). Viral infection was restricted to the lungs of 3 animals harvested at days 3 and 6 post infection (p.i.). The remaining challenged mice (N=9) exhibited varying degrees of clinical illness (weight loss), ranging from severe (N=2), to mild/moderate (N=4), to asymptomatic (N=3). All were infected as specific antibodies were readily detected in all at day 21 p.i. Additional characterization of these global and lung-specific hDPP4 transgenic mice is ongoing to establish attractive small animal surrogate models of MERS-CoV infection and disease for furthering knowledge of pathogenesis and for development of effective vaccines and treatments for MERS.

www.msk.or.kr | 129 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S16-3

In Vivo Molecular Imaging Analysis of Vaccine Candidates in a Mouse Model

Hyewon Youn1,2,3

1Department of Nuclear Medicine, 2Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine 3Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul University Hospital

In vivo molecular imaging is one of the most powerful tools to investigate biologic events in living animals. By taking advantage of non-invasive bioluminescence imaging using luciferase expressing splenocytes, we monitored the enhancement of immune response against hepatitis B virus antigen with adjuvant vaccination in real time whole body imaging. To visualize vaccinated antigen, hepatitis B virus antigen (HBsAg) was labeled with radioiodine (125I-HBsAg) and monitored for 5 weeks. B6 mice were vaccinated intramusculary with 125I-HBsAg, 125I-HBsAg+adj1 and 125I-HBsAg+adj1+adj2. The localization of vaccinated HBsAg was monitored using animal Single Positron Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/CT. Localization of vaccinated HBsAg was successfully monitored using animal SPECT/CT. HBsAg was lasted for 5 weeks and diminished. In addition, the injected splenocytes were successfully visualized from vaccinated mouse homing to primary target organs and accumulated in cervical, axillary, mesenteric, inguinal lymph nodes within 5 h. Vaccinated mouse with adjuvants (125I-HBsAg+adj1+adj2) showed 2 times more accumulation of splenocytes at vaccination site compare to vaccinated mouse with antigen only (125I-HBsAg). Six days later, vaccinated mouse with two adjuvants showed 1.45–5.88 fold increased luciferase intensity of splenocytes at spleen, lymphoid organs and vaccination site compare to vaccinated mouse with antigen only. In vivo real-time monitoring system successfully provides the localization of vaccine candidates and efficiency of adjuvants in early time point.

130 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S16] : Recent Progress in Vaccine Development against Traditional and Emerging Pathogens

S16-4

Vaccine Development Program for Developing Countries, International Vaccine Institute

ManKi Song

Clinical Research Lab. Department, Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, SNU Research Park

The International Vaccine Institute (IVI) is an international nonprofit organization that was founded on the belief that the health of children in developing countries can be dramatically improved by the use of new and improved vaccines. Working in collaboration with the international scientific community, public health organizations, governments, and industry, IVI is involved in all areas of the vaccine spectrum – from new vaccine design in the laboratory to vaccine development and evaluation in the field to facilitating sustainable introduction of vaccines in countries where they are most needed. IVI's Laboratory Sciences programs are dedicated to vaccine research, development, technical assistance and technology transfer. IVI lab scientists work on:

∙ Basic and applied research to design vaccines; ∙ Technical assistance programs for developing country researchers, producers, and regulatory authorities; and ∙ Transfer of vaccine manufacturing processes and related technologies to qualified vaccine producers in developing countries ∙ Development of vaccines for Shigella, MERS, Zika, Norovirus, cholera and typhoid ∙ Development of vaccine evaluation system for human clinical trials.

www.msk.or.kr | 131

Symposium [S17]

Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation in Bacteria 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S17-1

H2O2 Sensitivity of Metal-dependent Peroxide Sensor PerR

Chang-Jun Ji, Jung-Hoon Kim, and Jin-Won Lee*

Department of Life Science, Hanyang University

In many Gram positive bacteria PerR is a major peroxide sensor whose repressor activity is dependent on a bound metal cofactor. The prototype for PerR sensors, the Bacillus subtilis PerRBS protein, represses target genes when bound to either Mn2+ or Fe2+ as corepressor, but only the Fe2+-bound form responds to

H2O2. The orthologous protein in the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, PerRSA, plays important 2+ roles in H2O2 resistance and virulence. However, PerRSA is reported to only respond to Mn as corepressor, which suggests that it might rely on a distinct, iron-independent mechanism for H2O2-sensing. 2+ 2+ Here we demonstrate that PerRSA uses either Fe or Mn as corepressor, and that, like PerRBS, the 2+ Fe -bound form of PerRSA senses physiological levels of H2O2 by Fe-mediated histidine oxidation.

Moreover, we show that PerRSA is poised to sense very low levels of endogenous H2O2 which normally cannot be sensed by B. subtilis PerRBS. This hypersensitivity of PerRSA accounts for the apparent lack of Fe2+-dependent repressor activity and consequent Mn2+-specific repressor activity under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, we also show that mutations at regulatory metal binding site can affect the metal-ion specificity and H2O2-sensitivity of PerRBS and PerRSA.

134 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S17] : Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation in Bacteria

S17-2

'Oxygen-FNR-sRNA Regulatory Pathway' Controls the Anaerobic Induction of Fermentation-Respiration Switch Protein

Bo-Ram Jang, Kyung-Jo Lee, and Kyu-Ho Lee*

Department of Life Science, Sogang University

Fermentation respiration switch (FrsA) is an enzyme catalyzing a conversion of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and carbon dioxide. FrsA protein level was not detectable in Vibrio vulnificus cells grown under oxygen-rich condition, and thus the in vivo activity of pyruvate decarboxylation derived from FrsA was observed in the cells grown under oxygen-limited condition. To investigate the regulatory mechanism(s) for the anaerobic induction of FrsA expression and activity, its transcription was monitored using both frsA-transcription reporter and quantitative RT-PCR assays. However, no significant difference was observed in its transcription and the resultant transcripts in the cells grown under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. This result lead us to consider the specific regulation at the post-transcription level and to examine the involvement of sRNA in FrsA expression. A candidate regulatory sRNA for FrsA expression (Rsf), including the sequences complementary to the 5'-UTR of frsA mRNA, was identified in V. vulnificus genome. A northern blot revealed the presence of 350 nucleotide-long sRNA. Its regulatory role was examined via monitoring FrsA levels in the rsf-deleted mutant V. vulnificus. In the absence of rsf gene, the negative effect of oxygen on the cellular level of FrsA was abolished, and thus the rsf mutant exhibited high activity of pyruvate decarboxylation even under the aerobic condition. It was further determined the regulatory dependency of Rsf on oxygen in repressing FrsA expression. Expression of the rsf gene was repressed by a transcription factor FNR under anaerobic condition, whereas repression of rsf transcription by FNR was relieved in the presence of oxygen. Thus, this study demonstrates that the cellular content of FrsA is minimized during aerobic growth via repression of its expression by Rsf. This repression, however, is relieved under anaerobic condition via repression of the rsf transcription by FNR, resulting in higher levels of the cellular FrsA and the mixed-acid fermentative metabolisms.

www.msk.or.kr | 135 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S17-3

Three Mechanisms of Oxygen Sensing in Mycobacteria: Regulation of Gene Expression in Response to Changes in Oxygen Tensions

Jeong-Il Oh

Department of Microbiology, Pusan National University

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an obligatory aerobic bacterium that is causative of tuberculosis. Mtb can survive in a non-replicating, persistent form in the immune-competent host and establish latent infection without exhibiting any symptoms. When Mtb is phagocytosed by host macrophages, it encounters hostile environments such as hypoxic, low pH, and nutrient-limiting conditions as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-challenging conditions, which is thought to lead to latency transition of Mtb. Since gradual depletion of oxygen from mycobacterial cultures was shown to lead to the transition of their growth state to a latency-like state, low oxygen tension was suggested to be one of the most plausible determinants for latency transition of mycobacteria. Mycobacteria possess several exquisite regulatory systems that are involved either directly or indirectly in oxygen sensing. The DosSR (DevSR) two-component system is the most important regulatory system pertinent to the hypoxic adaptation of mycobacteria. In Mtb the DosR response regulator is phosphorylated by the paralogous DosS and DosT histidine kinases that contain b-type heme in their N-terminal GAF-A domains. The kinase activity of DosS and DosT was shown to be controlled by the ligand-binding and redox state of the heme iron. The unliganded ferrous (deoxyferrous) form of the HKs is active to phosphorylate DosR, while the O2-bound (oxyferrous) and ferric forms are inactive. The functionality of the respiratory electron transport chain is altered in response to changes in oxygen tensions, which is reflected to regulate gene expression by the transcriptional factor such as AldR in mycobacteria. The cellular level of cAMP in mycobacteria is drastically increased under hypoxic and respiration-inhibitory conditions. In response to changes in cAMP level, CRP (cAMP Receptor Protein) modulates gene expression, thereby perceiving oxygen tensions in environment indirectly.

136 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S17] : Signal Transduction and Gene Regulation in Bacteria

S17-4

Multiple Transcription Regulators of OhrR Family Responsible for Regulatory Cross Talk and Sequential Graded Gene Expression in Response to Organic Hydroperoxides in Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Skorn Mongkolsuk1,2*, Nisanart Charoenlap1,2, Surawach Rittiroongrad1,2, Jintana Daungnkern1, and Paiboon Vattanaviboon1

1Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand 2Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

Analysis of A. tumefaciens genome reveals five OhrR family of transcription regulators are OhrR1, CpoR2, EstR3, CpoR4 and OhrR5. The expression of cpo1-mhpC were inducible by organic hydroperoxide treatment and relatively high uninduced levels in a cpoR2 mutant. Further analysis of ability of different members of OhrR family to cross regulate cpo1-mhpC expression show high level expression of cpoR2, cpoR4 and OhrR5 repressed cpo1 promoter activity in organic hydroperoxide (ROOH) inducible manner except OhrR5. The basal cpo1 promoter activity was relatively high in cpoR2 and cpoR4 single mutants where its expression remained inducible by ROOH. This induction was abolished in cpoR2-cpoR4 double mutant. Taken the data together, there is regulatory cross talk between CpoR2 and CpoR4 at the cpo1 promoter. Examination of individual regulators of the OhrR family response to ROOH treatments revealed that OhrR responsed to 50 µM, CpoR2, CpoR4 OhrR5 responded to 250 µM and EstR responded to 500 µM cumene hydroperoxide (CuOOH) treatments. Thus, this allows A. tumefaciens differential graded response in that exposure to low concentration (50 µM) lead to expression of genes under OhrR controlled as concentrations increased to 500 µM genes under CpoR2, CpoR4, and OhrR5 would be additionally expressed. If the CuOOH continues to increase to 500 µM genes regulated by OhrR, CpoR2, CpoR4 OhrR5, EstR will be expressed.

www.msk.or.kr | 137

Symposium [S18]

Recent Advances in Deepsea and Extremophilic Microbiology 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S18-1

Microbial Diversity, Biotechnological Potential and Adaptation to Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents Conditions

Mohamed Jebbar

Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, Ifremer, UMR 6197-Laboratoire de Microbiologie des Environnements Extrêmes (LM2E), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), 4 rue Dumont d’Urville, 29 280 Plouzané, France

The deep biosphere (continental underground and in oceans below 1,000 m in depth) could represent up to 70% of all cells on Earth, as well as 50% of the primary production of biomass. The deep sea is characterized not only by high pressures (up to 110 MPa) but also by a lack of sunlight, an extremely low temperature (<5°C) except in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents, where temperature may be as high as 460°C, but water remains liquid owing to the high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). Recent trends and advances in molecular ecology, metagenomics, etc give evidence that microorganisms (Bacteria, Archaea, Viruses, Fungi, and Protists) represent by far the most important biological group on deep sea in terms of phylogenetic and functional diversity. The enormous diversity of deep sea microorganisms also gives rise to a largely untapped reservoir of genetic information, bioactive compounds and biomolecules (e.g. enzymes) which may find an application in various domains. Since the discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents, many mesophilic and hyper/thermophilic Bacteria and Archaea have been described but only a few thermo-piezophilic belonging mainly to the Thermococcales group have been described so far. The genome data mining showed no obvious general piezophilic signatures and the data related to genome expression (transcriptomic and proteomic studies) were performed by comparing piezophilic (Thermococcus barophilus, Pyrococcus yayanosii) versus non piezophilic (Thermococcus kodakarensis, Pyrococcus furiosus) species have highlighted the importance of several gene clusters and metabolic pathways, such as energy production and conversion, in the adaptation to HHP. Genetic manipulations were performed in T. barophilus in order to investigate the functions of some above pathways in vivo and to examine the roles of related enzymes. This will provide greater insight into the piezophilic lifestyle of thermo-piezophiles microorganisms dwelling in deep biosphere.

140 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S18] : Recent Advances in Deepsea and Extremophilic Microbiology

S18-2

Hydrogen Peroxide Detoxification: Physiological and Ecological Implications for Marine Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea

Sung-Keun Rhee* and Jong-Geol Kim

Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University

Thaumarchaeota are abundant in marine environments and are known to catalyze ammonia oxidation in the oceans. Thus, the metabolism and physiology of these ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are of major significance for the global nitrogen cycle. However, fundamental nutritional principles related to cell growth and organic carbon assimilation by AOA are poorly understood. We isolated an ammonia- oxidizing archaeon (designated strain DDS1) from seawater and used this organism to study the physiology of ammonia oxidation. Strain DDS1’s ability to oxidize ammonia was enhanced in co-culture with other bacteria and in artificial seawater (ASW) medium supplemented with α-keto acids (e.g. pyruvate, oxaloacetate). An assay for heterotrophic growth indicated that organic carbon incorporation into archaeal cellular lipids was negligible. Lipid carbon atoms were, instead, derived from CO2, indicating strict autotrophic growth. Further, chemicals that scavenge hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), such as dimethylthiourea and catalase, replaced the α-keto-acid requirement for enhanced growth by strain

DDS1. α-keto acids spontaneously detoxify H2O2 via a nonenzymatic decarboxylation reaction. This decarboxylation mechanism was verified by showing that only the carboxyl carbon of pyruvate was released into the ASW medium. Strain DDS1 was shown in the absence of α-keto acids to endogenously produce H2O2 (up to ca. 0.3 μM) which was inhibitory to growth. Genomic analyses indicate that all known AOA, including strain DDS1, lack putative catalase genes and are potentially sensitive to H2O2. Our results show that strain DDS1 is a strict autotroph and implicate H2O2 as a key factor determining the activity, evolution, and community ecology of AOA ecotypes.

www.msk.or.kr | 141 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

S18-3

DNA Backbone Modification Expands Microbial Growth Range under Multiple Stresses

Yan Yang#1, Guanpeng Xu#1, Jingdan Liang#1, Ying He1, Lei Xiong1, Hui Li2, Douglas H. Bartlett3, Zixin Deng1, Zhijun Wang1*, and Xiang Xiao1*

1State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Science and Biotechnology, 2Central Analytical Lab, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China 3Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

DNA phosphorothioate (PT) modification is a sulfur modification on the backbone of DNA introduced by the proteins Dnd A-E. It has been found within many bacteria ranging from soil-inhabiting, antibiotic-producing Streptomyces species to human pathogens1-3. However, few studies have examined the physiological function of this modification. In this study, we observed that E. coli and Shewanella piezotolerance both expanded their growth ranges under multiple extreme conditions (such as extreme temperature, salinity, pH, pressure, UV, X-Ray) after their DNAs were phophorothioated by introduction of the dnd gene cluster. The phophorothioated DNA reacted to both hydroxyl radicals and H2O2 in vivo, and protected genomic DNA as well as sensitive enzymes from intracellular oxidative damage. Considering that intracellular oxidative damage could result from multiple environmental stresses, the DNA PT modification certainly provides microorganisms with one type of survival advantage in nature. The findings in this study promote further exploration of PT modification usage, including possible applications in biological engineering and therapeutic treatments.

142 | www.msk.or.kr Symposium [S18] : Recent Advances in Deepsea and Extremophilic Microbiology

S18-4

Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane at the SMTZ of the Deep Sediments of Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea

Jung-Hyun Lee1*, Jin-Woo Lee1,2, and Kae Kyoung Kwon1

1Marine biotechnology Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology 2Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University

We have shown that there was a discrete sulfate methane transition zone (SMTZ) in the methane hydrate-bearing sediment, Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea. Here, we characterized microbial and functional diversity of SMTZ responsible for anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) process in comparison with surface sediment, by combining 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing and metagenomic approach. The archaeal 16S rRNA amplicon analysis showed that the Thermplasmata (59.3%), Marine Benthic Group B (MBGB; 14.2%) and anaerobic methanotroph-1b (ANME-1b; 10.2%) were dominated in SMTZ, whereas Thaumarchaeota (41.9%) and Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group (MCG; 34.4%) were dominant taxa in the surface. In bacterial diversity, Chloroflexi (49.0%) and candidate division JS1 (24.4%) were dominated in SMTZ sediment. We obtained metagenomic sequences of 115 Mbp (476,661 reads with average sequence length of 242 bp) and 252 Mbp (701,377 reads with average sequence length of 359 bp), from SMTZ and surface sediments, respectively. Taxonomic profiling of the SMTZ metagenomics seqeunces showed that reads related with unclassified Dehalococcidetes and Methanosarcinales were overrepresented though methanogenesis related sequences were highly overrepresented in the metabolic profiling. The mapping analysis showed that most of sequences from the SMTZ metagenome were matched to ANME-1 draft genomes, rather than methanogens. Key genes necessary for methanogenesis were present in the SMTZ metagenome, except for N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin reductase (mer) and CoB-CoM heterodisulfide reductase subunits D and E (hdrDE), which suggest that ANME-1b group is the primary player driving AOM process at the SMZ of methane hydrate-bearing sediments in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea of Korea.

www.msk.or.kr | 143

Young Scientists' Forum 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS1-1

Biocontrol of Staphylococcus aureus and Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacteriocins and Application for Food Safety

Jonguk Kim, Jisoo Hong, Jeong-A Lim, Jin-Woo Park, Jae-Gee Ryu, and Eunjung Roh*

Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration *E-mail: [email protected]

As the consumption of fresh-cut produce (ready-to-eat fruit and vegetables) has increased, problems were revealed. First, a certain amount of fresh-cut produce is deemed unusable by spoilage. Second, fresh-cut produce raise food safety concerns and a number of reports have referred to fresh vegetables harboring foodborne pathogens. Bacteriocins which are proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria have drawn attention for their potential therapeutic applications in treating multi-drug resistant bacteria. Two bacteriocins were used for their biocontrol application. Carocin D inhibits growth of spoilage bacteria P. carotovorum. And the other bacteriocin produced by Staphylococcus pasteuri RSP-1 has been studied to control foodborne pathogen bacteria S. aureus. The purified bacteriocin of S. pasteuri RSP-1 is 5 kDa. It is worth to improve as a biocontrol agent due to its heat and wide pH stability. The two bacteriocins reduced viable cell numbers of target bacteria by 3 to 6 log units compared to the untreated, respectively. Bacteriophages which are virus killing bacteria have examined in previous studies for biocontrol agent in food safety. Two bacteriophages of PP2 and SP6 which inhibit growth of P. carotovorum and S. aureus were used in this study. The mixture of bacteriocins with bacteriophages showed a synergistic effect on the inhibition of target bacteria and the antibacterial spectrum was extended. The results suggested that bacteriocins with bacteriophages will be useful candidates for biocontrol agents in the food industry. [This work was supported by a grant (PJ010921) from the Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea.]

KEYWORDS: bacteriocin, MRSA, spoilage, food safety

146 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS1-2

Source Tracking and Succession of Kimchi Lactic Acid Bacteria during Fermentation

Se Hee Lee

World Institute of Kimchi

This study aimed at evaluating raw materials as potential lactic acid bacteria (LAB) sources for kimchi fermentation and investigating LAB successions during fermentation. The bacterial abundances and communities of five different sets of raw materials were investigated using plate-counting and pyrosequencing. LAB were found to be highly abundant in all garlic samples, suggesting that garlic may be a major LAB source for kimchi fermentation. LAB were observed in three and two out of five ginger and leek samples, respectively, indicating that they can also be potential important LAB sources. LAB were identified in only one cabbage sample with low abundance, suggesting that cabbage may not be an important LAB source. Bacterial successions during fermentation in the five kimchi samples were investigated by community analysis using pyrosequencing. LAB communities in initial kimchi were similar to the combined LAB communities of individual raw materials, suggesting that kimchi LAB were derived from their raw materials. LAB community analyses showed that species in the genera Leuconostoc, Lactobacillus, and Weissella were key players in kimchi fermentation, but their successions during fermentation varied with the species, indicating that members of the key genera may have different acid tolerance or growth competitiveness depending on their respective species.

www.msk.or.kr | 147 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS1-3

Oxidative Stress Response in Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1

Jisun Kim and Woojun Park*

Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University

Bacterial cells exposed to endogenous or exogenous sources of oxidants have systems for detecting and removing them. The oxygen molecule can accept electrons from intracellular reductants and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are deleterious species that react with various cellular components, thereby damaging them. In Escherichia coli, two redox-sensing proteins, SoxR and OxyR, are activated upon oxidation. These proteins regulate the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress defense. Researching the physiological and regulatory systems of oxidative stress response in Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1, will expand our knowledge on the basic mechanisms of stress responses in soil microbes. The diesel-degrading soil bacterium A. oleivorans DR1 contains OxyR homologue (AOLE_14380) and SoxR homologue (AOLE_12135). The oxyR mutant has increased hydrogen peroxide sensitivity compared the wild type. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was conducted to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide on whole protein expression. Among 13 up-regulated proteins, OxyR binding was confirmed at the promoter regions of ahpC, ahpF, trxB (thioredoxin-disulfide reductase), and oprC (outer membrane receptor protein), along with a putative catalase gene (AOLE_09800). Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of these genes was performed in the wild type and the oxyR mutant to identify the role of OxyR at the transcriptional level. Hierarchical expression and OxyR-binding of several OxyR-controlled genes suggested that concentration is an important factor in inducing the set of genes under H2O2 stress. Reporter assay suggested that SoxR of A. oleivorans DR1 is functional and has differential sensitivity to different redox-active compounds (RACs) than do the SoxR proteins from E. coli and Pseudomonas putida. The effect of RACs pre-treatment showed a protective role of SoxR at high concentrations of RACs. To identify SoxR target genes in A. oleivorans DR1, we conducted RNA-sequencing analysis in the presence of RACs. After identifying differentially expressed genes and putative SoxR binding sites, a DNA binding assay with purified SoxR indicated that SoxR could bind to the promoter of sinE (encoding a SoxR-induced endoribonuclease), argT (encoding a lysine-arginine-ornithine-binding periplasmic protein) and AOLE_18450, which encodes a putative membrane protein. Expression analysis using the constructed soxR mutant verified that these genes are under the control of SoxR on the transcriptional level. The sinE gene was the only putative RNase-encoding gene that responded to RACs. Our data also showed that both SoxR and its target SinE have protective roles in cells in the presence of RACs and antibiotics. These findings are the first report on molecular mechanisms of two major redox sensors in Acinetobacter species.

148 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS1-4

Expansion of Cultured Bacterial Diversity by Large-scale Dilution-to-Extinction Culturing from a Single Seawater Sample

Seung-Jo Yang1, Ilnam Kang2, and Jang-Cheon Cho2*

1Marine Microorganisms Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea 2Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University

High-throughput cultivation (HTC) based on a dilution-to-extinction method has been applied broadly to the cultivation of marine bacterial groups, which has often led to the repeated isolation of abundant lineages such as SAR11 and oligotrophic marine gammaproteobacteria (OMG). In this study, to expand the phylogenetic diversity of HTC isolates, we performed a large-scale HTC with a single surface seawater sample collected from the East Sea, the Western Pacific Ocean. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA genes from 847 putative pure cultures demonstrated that some isolates were affiliated with not-yet- cultured clades, including the OPB35 and Puniceicoccaceae marine group of Verrucomicrobia and PS1 of Alphaproteobacteria. In addition, numerous strains were obtained from abundant clades, such as SAR11, marine Roseobacter clade, OMG (e.g., SAR92 and OM60), OM43, and SAR116, thereby increasing the size of available culture resources for representative marine bacterial groups. Comparison between the composition of HTC isolates and the bacterial community structure of the seawater sample used for HTC showed that diverse marine bacterial groups exhibited various growth capabilities under our HTC conditions. The growth response of many bacterial groups, however, was clearly different from that observed with conventional plating methods, as exemplified by numerous isolates of the SAR11 clade and Verrucomicrobia. This study showed that a large number of novel bacterial strains could be obtained by an extensive HTC from even a small number of samples.

www.msk.or.kr | 149 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS1-5

A Machine Learning Approach for Prediction of in situ Chlorinated Ethene Dechlorination Potential

Jaejin Lee1,2,3, Jeongdae Im2,3, Ungtae Kim4, and Frank E. Löffler2,3,5,6*

1Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 2Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 3Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 4Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA 5Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 6University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (UT-ORNL) Joint Institute for Biological Sciences (JIBS) and Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

Despite advances in physical or chemical remediation technologies, in situ bioremediation is required as a stand-alone or as part of a combined approach at chlorinated ethene-contaminated sites. Selecting the most suitable remedial strategy is often challenging due to uncertainties associated with the microbiology (e.g., presence and activity of Dehalococcoidesmccartyi[Dhc]) and geochemical factors influencing Dhc activity. Although extensive groundwater monitoring data have been collected for decades, the “data- rich-but-information-poor” syndrome has not been resolved, because those datasets have not been systematically analyzed. In the present study, geochemical and microbial datasets collected from five contaminated sites were used to develop a predictive model using a machine learning (i.e., classification and regression tree (CART)) algorithm (i) rank the relative importance of parameters that affect in situ reductive dechlorination activity, and (ii) provide recommendations for selecting the optimalbioremediation approach at a specific site. The dataset was partitioned into a training set and a test set for model construction and performance evaluation, respectively. A10-fold cross-validation was conducted for 100 randomly rearranged datasets for coherence test and to select the best classification tree model. The representative CART model successfully predicted 3-month-ahead dechlorination potential with 76% and 70% accuracy for the training and the test set, respectively. Indirect indicators for low dissolved - - 2+ oxygen (e.g., low NO3 and NO2 , high Fe and CH4) were the most influential factors for predicting dechlorination potential, followed by total organic carbon content (TOC) and Dhccell abundance. Collectively, these findings indicate that machine learning-based data mining techniques applied to groundwater monitoring data can lead to the development of predictive decision-making models. A major need for improving the predictive capabilities and stability of the data mining approach is a curated, up-to-date and comprehensive collection of groundwater monitoring data.

150 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS1-6

Isolation and Ecophysiological Characterization of a Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacterium, Alteromonas naphthalenivorans SN2, from a Contaminated Tidal Flat

Hyun Mi Jin1,2 and Che Ok Jeon1*

1Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University 2Freshwater Bioresources Utilization Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources

Sea-tidal flats are characterized by high primary production and nutrient cycling rates, which may rely upon high microbial abundance and diversity. We hypothesized that the crude oil-contaminated Taean tidal flat might harbor diverse aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading microbial communities. The present study therefore aimed to investigate (i) the diversity and composition of the aromatic hydrocarcon (especially PAH)-degrading bacterial populations enriched from the crude oil-contaminated tidal flat on the Taean coast; (ii) the isolation of PAH biodegrading bacteria from the enriched bacterial consortia and their aromatic hydrocarbons degradation abilities; (iii) the characteristics of ecological survival strategy of isolates by metabolites and genomics analysis; (iv) the ecophysiological properties by genome-wide transcriptional analysis. This study showed that newly isolated PAH-degrading bacterium, Alteromonas naphthalenivorans SN2, has the potential to play prominent role in PAH metabolism in the crude oil-contaminated sediments and in seawater. A comprehensive analysis of the specific transcriptional cellular responses of strain SN2 under four environmental mimic conditions (tidal flat-naphthalene, tidal flat-pyruvate, seawater-naphthalene, and seawater-pyruvate) revealed strain SN2 to be an opportunistic marine r-strategist. We also documented the expression of certain ecological fitness traits--with strain SN2 showing an appreciable capacity to degrade pollutants, including PAH compounds, in seasonally cold tidal flat habitats. Moreover, these results present that strain SN2 shows promise for field application to the bioremediation of contaminated sea-tidal flats and seawater without the addition of nutrients.

www.msk.or.kr | 151 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS2-1

Killing Vibrio cholerae by a Chemical Modulator for Glucose Metabolism

Young Taek Oh1, Hwa Young Kim1,2, and Sang Sun Yoon1,2*

1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 2Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine

Vibrio cholerae, a Gram-negative bacterium, causes pandemic cholera. An oral rehydration solution (ORS), which contains a large amount of glucose, has been used as the primary treatment for cholera. Meanwhile, it has also been speculated that continuous administration of ORS may create glucose-enriched microenvironments in favor of V. cholerae growth. Previous studies revealed that the capability of V. cholerae 7th pandemic strain N16961 to produce acetoin is essential to maintain the survival fitness under glucose-rich environment. Production of acetoin, a neutral fermentation end-product, allows V. cholerae metabolizing glucose without pH drop, which is mediated by organic acid production. This notion also suggests that inhibition of acetoin fermentation may end up with killing V. cholerae by acidic pH stress under glucose-rich conditions. Here, we developed a simple high-throughput screen to identify inducers of metabolism-mediated acidification (termed as iMAC). Out of 8,364 compounds, we identified a chemical, 5-(4-chloro-2-nitrobenzoyl)-6-hydroxy-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione (iMAC17191) that killed glucose-metabolizing N16961 by pH drop. When N16961 was grown with extra glucose in the presence of 50 μM iMAC17191, acetoin production was completely suppressed and concomitant accumulation of lactate and acetate was observed. Beta-galactosidase activity assay using a single-copy

PVC1589::lacZ reporter fusion demonstrated that iMAC17191 likely inhibited acetoin production at the transcriptional level. Together, our results suggest that iMAC17191, acting as a metabolic switch, has a therapeutic potential to be developed as a novel antibacterial agent against cholera.

KEYWORDS: Vibrio cholerae, glucose metabolism, acetoin, inducer of Metabolism-mediated ACidification (iMAC)

152 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS2-2

Improved Production of Immunosuppressant Rapamycin

Young Ji Yoo and Yeo Joon Yoon*

Division of Nano Science, Ewha Womans University

Rapamycin is a 31-membered macrocyclic polyketide produced by Streptomyces rapamycinicus, possessing various biological and pharmacological activities including antifungal, immunosuppressive, antitumor, neuroprotective, and anti-aging activities. Because of its pharmacological importance and broad application, intense effort to enhance its yield and to understand its biosynthetic routes has been made during the past decades. In order to increase rapamycin titers, classical strain improvement methods relying on ultraviolet irradiation, chemical mutagenesis, and metabolic engineering technology, have been employed. Moreover, the combined strategies utilizing both metabolic engineering and classical random mutagenesis have also been applied for the improvement of rapamycin production. The biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites produced by Streptomyces species is known to be controlled by pathway-specific regulatory genes that are generally located within their biosynthetic gene clusters. Thus, manipulation of the RapY, and the RapR-RapS, pathway-specific regulatory genes can be adopted as an effective approach to improve the production levels of rapamycin. Accordingly, characterize the negative regulatory roles of RapY and the RapR–RapS two-component system in the rapamycin biosynthesis of S. rapamycinicus through overexpression, in-frame deletion, complementation, and transcriptional analysis of the rapamycin biosynthetic genes in the wild-type and mutant strains. In addition, comparative transcriptional analysis of wild-type and deletion mutants revealed that RapY represses the expression of the ABC-transporter gene RapX, which plays a critical role in enhanced rapamycin production.

www.msk.or.kr | 153 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS2-3

The Elongation Factor P Regulate Expression of Magnesium Transport Protein in Salmonella Typhimurium

Eunna Choi, Yoontak Han, and Eun-Jin Lee *

Department of Genetic Engineering, Colleges of Life Sciences and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University

The elongation factor P specifically functions to enhance translation of polyproline-containing proteins by alleviating the stalling of ribosomes at polyproline stretches. Many virulence factors generally contain polyproline stretches. Interestingly, the mgtCBR operon belong to magnesium transport encoded mgtB has been consecutive proline amino acid sequence is present in two places. We confirmed that second polyproline substitute to alanine mutant does not happen ribosome stalling without elongation factor P condition. Also, the second polyproline mutant elevated both mgtB transcription and translation regulation. We determined that this mutant’s protein expression levels and replication efficiency was higher than wild-type inside macrophage. This fact reveals that mgtB polyproline mutant affected salmonella’s virulence.

154 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS2-4

The Effect of Rsd, the Anti-sigma Factor of σ70, on Biofilm Formation and Motility in Escherichia coli

Young-Ha Park1, Mangyu Choe1, Chang-Ro Lee2, Si-Hyeon Um3, Nam-Chul Ha3, and Yeong-Jae Seok1,4*

1Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University 2Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University 3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University 4Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University

In bacteria, σ subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP) directs transcription initiation. The regulation of σ activity is important for fine tuning of gene expression. σ activity is determined by their cellular level, affinity for core RNAP, and interactions with regulatory proteins. In Escherichia coli, housekeeping σ factor, σ70, has the highest affinity for core RNAP and is the most abundant σ factor. Rsd, regulator of sigma D, binds specifically to σ70 and it has been known as an anti-σ factor of σ70. Rsd inhibits transcriptional activity of σ70 through the formation of Rsd-σ70. This anti-σ70 activity is regulated by the phosphorylation state-dependent interaction of Rsd with HPr, phosphocarrier protein which is a general component of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS). Recently, we determined the structure of the Rsd-HPr complex and revealed the binding site for HPr on the surface of Rsd partly overlaps with that for σ70. Even though Rsd is known as an anti-σ70 factor, no specific phenotype has been associated with deficiency or overexpression of Rsd to date. An rsd-deficient mutant shows no apparent differences in its growth and viability in various media, compared to wild type. In this study, we found new phenotypes of the rsd mutant. Deletion of rsd affected the cell surface hydrophobicity and also mutant cells sank much faster than wild type. In spite of its increased cell surface hydrophobicity, biofilm formation decreased in the rsd mutant. Through a transcriptomic analysis and a proteomic analysis, these phenotypes were resulted in the increased amount of outer membrane protein antigen 43 (Ag43) which is encoded by agn43 gene and its transcription is σ70-dependent. Ag43 is an autotransporter protein that promotes cell-to-cell aggregation by self-recognition. In vitro transcription and qRT-PCR analyses indicated that the expression of ang43 was inhibited by Rsd. Also, flagellin protein FliC decreased in the rsd mutant when we analyzed the outer membrane protein profiles. Despite the decreased level of FliC, and thereby decreased motility in the rsd mutant strain compared to wild-type strain, there was no significant difference in mRNA level of fliC. For this reason, we assumed that export of flagellin subunit could be inhibited by excess number of Ag43 at bacterial surface. Based on these results, we propose that Rsd decreases the transcriptional level of agn43 through the regulation of σ70 activity and consequently it influences the biofilm formation and motility.

www.msk.or.kr | 155 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

YS2-5

Role of Hepcidin in Salmonella Infection

Jae-Ho Jeong1, Don-kyu Kim2, Hueng-Sik Choi2, and Hyon E. Choy1*

1Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School 2National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University

Iron plays important roles in both infection by microorganisms and host defense against the infection. In response to microbial infection, defensin-like peptide hepcidin limits the serum iron by reducing iron release from macrophages which is mediated by IL-6 signaling. In an attempt to elucidate the mechanism of iron regulation by hepcidin, we examined the role of nuclear receptor family members belonging to the NR3B subfamily in hepatocyte. Here, we report hepatic ERRγ gene expression was induced by Salmonella-stimulated interleuklin-6 (IL-6) signaling, and led to induction of hepcidin and hypoferremia in mice. Conversely, liver-specific ablation of ERRγ gene expression attenuated the Salmonella-mediated induction of hepcidin, and normalized the hypoferremia caused by Salmonella infection. An inverse agonist of ERRγ ameliorated Samonella-mediated hypoferremia through reduction of ERRγ-mediated hepcidin gene expression, and performed a potent antimicrobial function for the intracellular growth of Salmonella. Control of iron metabolism by an ERRγ-specific inverse agonist could be a novel therapeutic approach to host defense against intracellular bacteria.

156 | www.msk.or.kr Young Scientists' Forum

YS2-6

Rad53 Regulates Genotoxic DNA Damage Stress and Radiation Resistance through Mrr1 Transcription Factor in C. neoformans

Kwang-Woo Jung1, Dongho Kim1, Sangyong Lim1*, and Yong-Sun Bahn2*

1Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute 2Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University

The genome stability and integrity of cells are routinely confronted threat induced by both endogenous stress inducing DNA replication process and exogenous stresses including ionizing radiation and genotoxic DNA damage agents. Eukaryotic cells contain evolutionarily conserved DNA damage checkpoint pathways to counteract the effect arising from endogenous and exogenous DNA damage stress. Through analysis of the genome-wide gene deletion libraries of C. neoformans, we recently identified that components of the PI3K pathways including Mec1, Tel1, Rad53, and Chk1 are evolutionarily conserved and these components contribute to genotoxic DNA stress response. However, the downstream transcription factors of PI3K pathway in C. neoformans to regulate expression of DNA repair system are not identified and characterized. In this study, we found that Mrr1 (master regulator of radiation resistance) transcription factor was identified as downstream factor of Rad53 through transcriptome analysis and regulated expression levels of genes regarding to DNA repair system. Furthermore, the mrr1∆ mutant exhibited sensitivity in response to diverse DNA damage insults. Therefore, a unique transcription factor Mrr1 played critical roles in genotoxic DNA damage stress as well as radiation resistance in C. neoformans.

www.msk.or.kr | 157

Graduates Students' Forum 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

GS-1

Mycosphere of Tricholoma matsutake (Pine Mushroom): Its Impact and Role on the Microbial Community

Seung-Yoon Oh and Young Woon Lim*

School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University

Pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) is an expensive forest product because of its specific flavor and uncultivable state. Moreover, pine mushroom has a symbiotic relationship with pine tree as ectomycorrhizal fungi. Besides its ecological and economic importance, pine mushroom provides a habitat for microbial community. The fairy ring and fruiting body of T. matsutake form a mycosphere where the environment is strongly affected by hyphal activity and has abundant nutrients. We have studied the microbial diversity and community in the mycosphere of T. matsutake using complementary approach based on culture-dependent and independent (NGS) methods. We found diverse bacteria and fungi in the fairy ring and fruiting body of T. matsutake, and some species are potentially novel species. In fairy ring of T. matsutake, microbial diversity was low and community structure was distinct compared to it of adjacent bulk soil. In the fruiting body of T. matsutake, we found that microbial diversity and community were different depend on parts of fruiting body. In addition, bacteria isolated from fruiting body of T. matsutake showed negative effect on growth of T. matsutake and fungi isolated from T. matsutake. Our results suggest that T. matsutake may select microbial community, and microbes may also actively use T. matsutake as a habitat. Therefore, the study of microbial community in the mycosphere of T. matsutake will help to understand the ecology of T. matsutake and fungi-bacteria interactions.

160 | www.msk.or.kr Graduates Students' Forum

GS-2

The Effect of Viscosity on Predation by Bdellovibrio bacterivorus HD100

Hansol Im

School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a predatory bacterium which lives by invading the periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria. Predation by B. bacteriovorus is reported as a new alternative treatment for multi-drug resistant pathogens. Therefore, evaluating the conditions of predation might determine the effective predation against pathogens. We found that viscosity of the media affect the predation patterns of B. bacteriovorus. Based upon confocal and bioluminescence analysis, it was indicated the velocity of the prey and predators would be contributed on these results. In the test, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX) was used for artificial viscous media. Different concentration of those chemicals provides relationships of the viscosity and predation patterning. In high viscous media, their predation was prohibited. Oppositely, in lower concentration of those chemicals, the predation rates seem to be increased. It proved that there are physiological relationships between B. bacteriovorus velocity and their predation. Furthermore, those results would give the ecological significance of velocity on their predation patterns.

www.msk.or.kr | 161 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

GS-3

Renewable Production of 1,3-Diaminoporpane (A Three Carbon Diamine) by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli

Tong Un Chae1, Won Jun Kim1, Sol Choi1, Si Jae Park4, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3*

1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST 2Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST 3BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST 4Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University

Bio-based production of chemicals is important for sustainable chemical industry. Here, Escherichia coli is metabolically engineered to produce 1,3-diaminopropane (1,3-DAP), a monomer for polyamide.

Comparison of heterologous C4 and C5 pathways for 1,3-DAP production by in silico flux analysis revealed that the C4 pathway employing Acinetobacter baumannii dat and ddc genes, encoding 2-ketoglutarate 4-aminotransferase and L-2,4-diaminobutanoate decarboxylase, respectively, was more efficient. In a strain having feedback resistant aspartokinases, the ppc and aspC genes were overexpressed to increase flux towards 1,3-DAP synthesis. Also, knocking out pfkA was found to increase 1,3-DAP production by applying 128 synthetic small RNAs. Overexpression of the ppc and aspC genes in the pfkA deleted strain resulted in even higher production of 1,3-DAP. Fed-batch fermentation of the final engineered E. coli strain allowed production of 13 g/L of 1,3-DAP in a glucose minimal medium. [This work was supported by the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes on Systems Metabolic Engineering for Biorefineries from the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) through the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (NRF-2012-C1AAA001-2012M1A 2A2026556).]

162 | www.msk.or.kr Graduates Students' Forum

GS-4

Identification and Regulatory Characteristics of Vibrio vulnificus plp Encoding a Phospholipase Essential for Pathogenesis

Kyung Ku Jang, Zee-Won Lee, and Sang Ho Choi*

National Research Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Toxicology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, and Research institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University

To identify Vibrio vulnificus genes induced by mucin, transcriptomes of V. vulnificus cells grown with mucin-containing media or exposed to the mucin-secreting HT-29 MTX cells were analyzed using RNA-seq. Among the genes induced by exposure to the mucin and the HT-29 MTX cells, a gene, annotated as a plp encoding a putative phospholipase Plp, was identified and further studied. Compared with the wild type, the plp mutant showed a low level of cytotoxicity toward the HT-29 MTX cells and reduced virulence in mice. The purified rPlp protein exhibited phospholipase A2 activity, indicating that Plp contributes to the lipolytic activity of the pathogen and thereby is essential for the pathogenesis. Examination of global regulatory proteins on the expression of plp revealed that HlyU and CRP upregulate the plp. The cellular levels of HlyU and CRP were not significantly affected by one another, indicating that the regulator proteins function cooperatively to activate plp rather than sequentially in a regulatory cascade. HlyU and CRP directly bind to the upstream of the plp promoter Pplp. DNase I protection assays, together with the deletion analyses of Pplp, demonstrated that HlyU binds to three specific sequences centered at -174, -141.5, and -109.5, and CRP binds specifically to the sequences centered at -68.

Consequently, the combined results indicated that V. vulnificus plp encodes a phospholipase A2 essential for virulence and is cooperatively regulated by HlyU and CRP.

www.msk.or.kr | 163 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

GS-5

Salmonella Virulence Protein Activates Sugar Phosphate Uptake

Jang-Woo Lee and Eun-Jin Lee*

Microbial Genetics Lab, Department of Genetic engineering, College of Life Science, KyungHee University

Salmonella enterica Typhimurium uhpT gene, encoding the sugar phosphate transport protein gene is regulated by three component system, response regulator, UhpA, sensor kinase, UphB and sugar phosphate sensor protein, UhpC. We found that Salmonella virulence protein induces expression of the uhpT gene in Salmonella not Escherichia coli. Salmonella virulence protein directly interacts with UphT. Salmonella virulence protein has three important residues, E84, N92 and C99 for interacts with other proteins. Among these mutants, Salmonella virulence proteinC99 can’t interact with UhpT specifically.

164 | www.msk.or.kr Graduates Students' Forum

GS-6

The Ferrichrome Receptor A as a New Target for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Management

Keehoon Lee1,2, Kang-Mu Lee1, Junhyeok Go1,2, Jae-Chan Ryu2,3, Ji-Hwan Ryu3, and Sang Sun Yoon1,2,4*

1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yonsei University College of Medicine 2Brain Korea PLUS Project for Medical Science 3The Research Center for Human Natural Defense System, Yonsei University College of Medicine 4Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen, known to develop robust biofilms. The biofilm formed by P. aeruginosa can lead to serious problems, including various biofilm infections and the development of resistance against multiple antibiotics. In addition to the antibiotics resistance, P. aeruginosa enhances biofilm development when many antibiotics are presented at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs). We screened a transposon mutant library to identify genes that affect enhanced biofilm development under sub-MIC antibiotic treatments. We identified a mutant that harboring a transposon insertion in the fiuA gene, which encodes ferrichrome receptor A. Biofilm formation with sub-MIC antibiotic treatments was inhibited when the fiuA gene was deleted. Moreover, the ΔfiuA, a non-polar fiuA deletion mutant, exhibited significantly decreased elastase production. In vivo virulence experiments using Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that the ΔfiuA-fed group exhibited increased survival compared to the PAO1-fed group. We also used a murine airway infection model and discovered that ΔfiuA expresses significantly less pathogenicity than its parental strain, PAO1. We hypothesized that fiuA have pleotropic functions that affect P. aeruginosa biofilm development and virulence. Our data indicate that FiuA is related to P. aeruginosa virulence, but is not significantly related to P. aeruginosa growth. It is important because strategies for managing pathogen virulence without killing have the potential to reduce the frequency of emergence of new antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. The targeting of FiuA could enable the attenuation of P. aeruginosa virulence and may be suitable for the development of a drug that specifically controls the virulence of a pathogen.

www.msk.or.kr | 165 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

GS-7

Immunization of 13 Amino Acid Peptide Targeting Srr Proteins Provide a Broad Spectrum of Protections Against Group B Streptococcal Infections

Shunmei Lin

Department of Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a main cause of sepsis and meningitis in early infancy from puerperal as well as adults worldwide. Unfortunately, the current licensed GBS vaccine is still not available for playing against diverse serotypes. Furthermore, some safety concerns for the pregnant. GBS can express a surface serine-rich repeat (SRR)-glycoproteins which is an important virulent factor attributing for GBS pathogenesis. Previously, the strain lacking srr showed diminishing persistence in mouse model of GBS vaginal colonization and less fatal to GBS infected mice. Since GBS could express either Srr1 or Srr2 surface proteins, we designed two peptide vaccines targeting the critical epitopes of the binding domains in Srr proteins. Srr1 (Latch-1) and Srr2 (Latch-2) peptides were conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA), and were examined as a vaccine to evaluate efficacy against GBS serotype V and III respectively. In a range of immunization of Srr1-BSA, Srr1 specific antibody responses (IgG and IgM) were correlated with the protection of GBS expressing Srr1 challenge. In addition, Srr1-BSA conjugated vaccine could effectively activate CD4+ T cells which would provide the cell-mediated protection against GBS challenge. As well as, Srr2 gave the prominent protection against challenge of GBS expressing Srr2. Thereafter, our results presented here suggested that the conjugated peptides would permit an ideal vaccine candidate for broad serotypes of GBS in the future.

166 | www.msk.or.kr Graduates Students' Forum

GS-8

Cps35/Swd2 Mediates the Histone Crosstalk between H2B Ubiquitination and H3K4 Methylation

Shinae Park and Jung-Shin Lee*

Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University

In the process of transcription, chromatin structure should be regulated by several mechanism such as histone modification. H3K4 methylation via Set1 complex is a one of the major histone modification and requires H2B K123 monoubiquitination via Rad6/Bre1 complex. Like this, a modification of one residue can alter the ability of a second residue to be modified by its modifying enzymes and it is called “Histone crosstalk” H3K4 methylation depending on H2Bub1 is highly conserved from yeast to human. Past studies have shown that Cps35/Swd2 of Set1 complex is a critical protein for translating this histone crosstalk. But it is unclear how Cps35/Swd2 associate with chromatin and Set1 complex. To identify what brings Cps35/Swd2 to chromatin in H2Bub dependent manner, we performed affinity purification. Our data show that Cps35/Swd2 interacts with Rad6, when only Rad6 can give ubiquitin to its substrate, H2BK123. C-terminal domain of Cps35/Swd2 is very important part for this interaction. So, we can suggest Cps35/Swd2 regulates histone crosstalk between H2Bub1 and H3K4me3 through the interaction with Rad6. [This work is supported by [NRF-2013R1A1A3008065], [NRF-2015R1A4A1041105], and [NRF-2015R1 D1A1A02061743].]

www.msk.or.kr | 167

Poster

A. Systematics B. Ecology and Environmental Microbiology C. Applied Microbiology D. Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis E. Physiology and Biochemistry F. Genetics G. Biotechnology H. Others 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

A001 A007 Paenibacillus baekrokdamisoli sp., nov., Isolated from Soil of Flavihumibacter sediminis sp. nov., Isolated from Tidal Flat Crater Lake Sediment Keun Chul Lee1, Kwang Kyu Kim1, Jong-Shik Kim2, Dae-Shin Kim3, Do-Hoon Lee and Chang-Jun Cha* 3 3 1,4 Suk-Hyung Ko , Seung-Hoon Yang , and Jung-Sook Lee * Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University 1KCTC/KRIBB, 2GIMB, 3World Heritage and Mt. Hallasan Research Institute, 4UST

A008 A002 Taxonomic Study of the Genus Hymenobacter Rhodanobacter aciditrophus sp. nov., an Acidophilic Joo Won Kang, Mi Sun Kim, Ji Hee Lee, Seon Choi, Bacterium Isolated from Mine Wastewater Da Hyun Kim, and Chi Nam Seong* Hyeon-Woo Koh, Sudas Rani, and Soo-Je Park* Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon Department of Biology, Jeju National University National University

A003 A009 Lentibacillus kimchii sp. nov., an Extremely Halophilic OrthoANI: An Improved Algorithm and Software for Bacterium Isolated from Kimchi Calculating Average Nucleotide Identity 1,2 2,3 2,3 1,2,3 Young Joon Oh1, Hae-Won Lee2, Seul Ki Lim1, Min-Sung Kwon1, Jieun Lee1, Imchang Lee , Yeong Ouk Kim , Sang-Cheol Park , and Jongsik Chun * Ja-Young Jang1, Jong Hee Lee1, Hae Woong Park3, 1School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University Seong Woon Roh4, and Hak-Jong Choi1* 2Institute of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Seoul National University 3Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University 1Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi 2Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi 3Advanced Process Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi 4Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute A010 A Bacterium Representing Novel Species in the Genus A004 Sphingomonas, Isolated from Freshwater of Juam Reservoir Study on the Mycelium and Morphological Characteristic of Ji Hee Lee, Dae In Kim, Yong Seob Joo, Seo Young Kim, and Chi Nam Seong* Naematoloma sublateritium Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon National University Jongwoon Choi, Hasun Kim, Dongyong Shin, and Yunkyeong Lee* Forest Research Institute of Gangwon-do A011 Aquimarina 820-2 sp. nov., Isolated from Marine Sponge A005 Dysidea sp. A Multiplex-PCR for Rapid Identification of 4 Enterococcus Ga Eun Lee and Jin Sook Park* Species Using Species-Specific Primers from Comparative Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University Genomics Jongbin Park1, Gwi-Deuk Jin2, Yong Hyun Kim2, Jae In Pak2,3, and Eun Bae Kim2,3* 1Department of Animal Life System, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon A012 National University, 2Department of Animal Life Science, College of Animal Life Acetobacter oryzifermentans sp. nov., Isolated from a Korea Sciences, Kangwon National University, 3Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University Traditional Vinegar Ga Youn Cho and Che Ok Jeon* Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University A006 Investigating the Inflammatory and Phenotypic Responses of Multiple Cultured Human Epithelial Cells to Predatory Bacteria Wasimul Bari and Ajay K. Monnappa* Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology

170 | www.msk.or.kr Poster

A013 A020 Lapsobacter soli gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from Soil of a Pseudahrensia todarodis sp. nov., a Novel Bacterium White Heron Nesting Site Isolated from the Gut of a Japanese Flying Squid Min-Kyeong Kim1, Yujin Choi1, Tae-Su Kim1,2, Ji-Hye Han1,3, Hyun Sik Kim, Pil Soo Kim, Dong-Wook Hyun, June-Young Lee, Yochan Joung1,4, and Seung Bum Kim1* Woorim Kang, Na-Ri Shin, Tae Woong Whon, and Jin-Woo Bae* 1Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, 2Clinical Drug Manufacturing Kyung Hee University Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, 3Bacterial Resources Research Team, Freshwater Bioresources Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 4Department of Biology, Inha University A021 A Novel Microbulbifer-like Bacteria Isolated from the Gut of A014 Purple Sea Urchin, Heliocidaris crassispina Flavobacterium keumense sp. nov., Isolated from Freshwater June-Young Lee1,2, Pil Soo Kim1,2, Dong-Wook Hyun1,2, Hyun Sik Kim1,2, Na-Ri Shin1,2, Mi-Ja Jung1,2, Ji-Hyun Yun1,2, Min-Soo Kim1,2, Adaeze Ekwe, Joong-hyeon Ahn, and Seung Bum Kim* Tae Woong Whon1,2, and Jin-Woo Bae1,2* Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University 1Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, 2Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University A015 Thalassotalea litorea sp. nov., Isolated from Seashore Sand A022 Heeyoung Kang, Haneul Kim, and Kiseong Joh* Flexivirga lutea sp. nov., an Actinobacterium Isolated from Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies the Stool of a Crested Ibis Woorim Kang, Dong-Wook Hyun, Pil Soo Kim, Na-Ri Shin, Hyun Sik Kim, June-Young Lee, Euon Jung Tak, and Jin-Woo Bae* A016 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Roseovarius salarius sp. nov., Isolated from a Solar Saltern Kyung Hee University Haneul Kim1, Heeyoung Kang1, Yochan Joung2, and Kiseong Joh1* 1Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign A023 Studies, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University Lacibacter nakdongensis sp. nov., Isolated from Sediments of Nakdong River A017 Ji-Hye Han, Kiwoon Baek, and Mi-Hwa Lee* Zeaxanthinibacter aestuarii sp. nov., Isolated from Estuary Bacterial Resources Research Team, Freshwater Bioresources Research Division, Sediment and Emended Description of the Genus Asker2007 Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR) Yun Hee Lee , Hye Im Jeong, Sang Eun Jeong and Che Ok Jeon* Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University A026 Emticicia fontis sp. nov., Isolated from Freshwater A018 Gi Gyun Nam, Yochan Joung, and Jang-Cheon Cho* A First Report of Pseudoalteromonas tetraodonis Isolated Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University from Apostichopus japonicas Guts Hyunjun Choi, Jihoon Jo, and Chungoo Park* A027 School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University Genomic Characteristics of Strain IMCC26207, a Non-colony-forming Actinobacterium, Isolated from an A019 Oligotrophic Freshwater Lake A New Record of Didymella pinodella Isolated from a Fruit of Suhyun Kim, Ilnam Kang, and Jang-Cheon Cho* Red Pepper in Korea Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University Tham Thi Duong and Hyang Burm Lee* Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology & Agrochemistry, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University

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A028 A034 Isolation of Three New Flavobacteriaceae Strains, Their Genomic Characterization of Strain IMCC26134, a Freshwater Genome Characteristics, and Proposal of the Name Verrucomicrobial Strain Isolated from Lakewater Aurantibacter yeongjongensis gen. nov., sp. nov Ahyoung Choi1,2, Ilnam Kang1, Suhyun Kim1, and Jang-Cheon Cho1* Yeonjung Lim1, Yochan Joung1, Seung-Jo Yang2, and Jang-Cheon Cho1* 1Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, 2Culture Techniques 1Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University, 2National Marine Biodiversity Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources Institute of Korea A035 A029 Oleiagrimonas sediminis sp. nov., a Marine Bacterium Flavobacterium inkyungensis sp. nov., Isolated from Isolated from Tidal Flat Sediment and Emended Description Freshwater of an Artificial Pond of the Genus Oleiagrimonas Fang et al. 2015 and Miri Park, Yochan Joung, Gi Gyun Nam, and Jang-Cheon Cho* Oleiagrimonas soli Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University Sung-Hyun Yang1, Hyun-Seok Seo1, Chi Nam Seong2, and Kae Kyoung Kwon1* 1Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural A030 Resources, Sunchon National University Spirosoma aerophilum sp. nov., Isolated from Air Sample Soo-Jin Kim, Jae-Hyung Ahn, Hang-Yeon Weon, Seung-Beom Hong, A036 Soon-Ja Seok, Jeong-Seon Kim, and Soon-Wo Kwon* Perlucidibaca aquatica sp. nov. Isolated from Freshwater Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration Kiwoon Baek, Ji-Hye Han, and Mi-Hwa Lee* Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources

A031 Lysobacter terricola sp. nov., Isolated from Greenhouse Soil A037 Soo-Jin Kim, Jae-Hyung Ahn, Hang-Yeon Weon, Seung-Beom Hong, Palleronia salinaecis sp. nov., a Halophilic Species Isolated Soon-Ja Seok, Jeong-Seon Kim, and Soon-Wo Kwon* from Solar Saltern Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Suhk Hwan Park and Geon Hyoung Lee* Rural Development Administration Department of Biology, Kunsan National University

A032 A038 Martelella suaedae sp. nov. and Martelella limoniae sp. Analysis of Non-ribosomal Peptide Synthetase Gene Cluster nov., Isolated from the Root of Halophytes for Tolaasin Biosynthesis Eu Jin Chung1,2, Jung Moon Hwang1,2, Kyung Hyun Kim3, DoWon Kang1,2, JungHun Jeon1,2, Chang-Won Lee1,2, and Jae Won Kim1,2* Che Ok Jeon3, and Young Ryun Chung1* 1Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Research), 2Research Institute of Life 1Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Plant Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Sciences, Gyeongsang National University 2Freshwater Bioresources Culture Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 3Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University A039 The Diagnostic Characteristics are Highly Homoplasious A033 Used in Cladonia gracilis and Cladonia cornuta Lacinutrix chionocetis sp. nov., Isolated from Gut of a Red Jae Eun So1,2, Soon Gyu Hong1,2, and Ji Hee Kim1* Snow Crab 1Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 2 Hyangmi Kim1, Sunjoo Park2, Hyun-Woo Oh3, Department of Polar Sciences, University of Science & Technology Kyung Sook Bae2, and Doo-Sang Park2,4* 1Freshwater Bioresources Culture Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, 2Bicrobiological Resources Center, KRIBB 3Core Facility Management Center, KRIBB, 4Department of Green Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, UST

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A040 A042 Zygomycete Fungi from Animal Dung in Korea Characterization and Description of Novel Strain RP18T, Thi Thuong Thuong Nguyen, Seo Hee Lee, Sarah Bae, Isolated from the Forest Soil Sun Jeong Jeon, and Hyang Burm Lee* Yongseok Ko, Han a Cho, Seoyoun Koo, and Tae-young Ahn* Division of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Agrochemistry, College of Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University

A043 A041 Seddomonas intestinalis gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from Chthonobacter albigriseus gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from Human Faeces Grass-field Soil in Korea Boram Seo1, Ju Eun Yoo1, Yung Mi Lee3, and GwangPyo Ko1,2* Do Hak Kim, Minsun Kim, Hansol Kim, Keunsoo Kang, and Tae-Young Ahn* 1Department of Environmental Health, Seoul National University, 2Center for Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Dankook University Human and Environmental Microbiome, Seoul National University, 3Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute

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B001 B008 Occurrence of Viable, Red-pigmented Haloarchaea in the Structural Analysis of the Sensory Domain of the Plumage of Captive Flamingoes Aromatic-responsive Transcriptional Activator PoxR from Seong Woon Roh and Jong-Soon Choi* Ralstonia eutropha Biological Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute Vinod Vikas Patil1,2, Kwang-hyun Park1,2, Seung Goo Lee1,2, and Eui-Jeon Woo1,2* 1Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2University of Science B002 and Technology Diversity and Distribution of Nitrite Oxidoreductase Alpha B009 Subunit (nxrA) Gene in the Marine Sediments Effect of Indigenous Microbiome in Soil on Salmonella Rani Sundas, Hyeon-Woo Koh, and Soo-Je Park* enterica Survival Department of Biology, Jeju National University Suin Yang, Sora Kim, Jeong-A Lim, Jin-Woo Park, Jae-Gee Ryu, and Kyu Seok Jung* B003 Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Comparative Analysis of Microbial Communities and Soil Administration Organic Carbon Utilization Associated with the Depth and Thawing Effects on Tundra Soil in Alaska B010 Ha Ju Park1, Hyun Park1, Bang Yong Lee2, Yoo Kyung Lee2, and Dockyu Kim1* Genomic Analysis of Confluentimicrobium naphthalenivorans 1Division of Life Sciences, 2Arctic Research Center, Korea Polar Research Institute NS6, a New Naphthalene Degrader HyeIm Jeong, Kyung Hyun kim, and Che Ok Jeon* B004 Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Metagenomic and Functional Analyses of the Consequences of Reduction of Bacterial Diversity on Soil Functions and B011 Bioremediation in Diesel-contaminated Microcosms Chromobacterium piscinae and Predation by Bdellovibrio Jaejoon Jung1, Laurent Philippot2, and Woojun Park1* bacteriovorus HD100 1Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University 2INRA Dijon, UMR 1347 Agroecologie, Dijon, France Wonsic Mun, Seong Yeol Choi, and Robert J. Mitchell* School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology B005 B012 Effect of Oil Contamination on the Resilience of Taxonomic and Functional Structure in the Korean Tidal Flat Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Diversity in Post-mining Area and Natural Forest Area in Goesan, Korea Jaejin Lee1, Boram Kang2, and Tae Kwon Lee2* 1 1 1 2 1 1Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute Hyeok Park , Yu-Ra Bae , Dong-Yeo Kim , Kang-Hyun Ka , and Ahn-Heum Eom * 2Department of Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University 1Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education 2Division of Wood Chemistry & Microbiology, Korea Forest Research Institute B006 B013 Bacterial Diversity and Species Composition in Three Endemic Baikalian Sponges Genome Analysis of Two Strains Belonging to the Genus Limnohabitans, a Major Bacterial Group in Keum River Eun-Young Seo1, Dawoon Jung1, Yochan Joung2, and Tae Seok Ahn1* 1Department of Environmental Science, Kangwon National University Joong-hyeon Ahn and Seung Bum Kim* 2Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University

B007 B014 Cecal Microbiome from Broiler Chickens Differing in Body Effects of Urea on Abundance and Community of Weight and Sex Nitrite-dependent Anaerobic Methane Oxidation Bacteria in a Rice Paddy Kyu Chan Lee1, Dong Yong Kil2, and Woo Jun Sul1* 1Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University Sang Eun Jeong, Hyo Jung Lee, and Che Ok Jeon* 2Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University

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B015 B022 Diversity of Bacteria Enriched with Coastal Area Samples Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Communities Isolated Contaminated with Petroleum Oils from Polychaete Habitat and Non-habitat in a Coastal Seon-Hee Kim and Hyung-Yeel Kahng* Wetland Microcosm Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University Seyeon Shin and Hyung-Yeel Kahng* Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University B016 Isolation and Characterization of Calcium Carbonate B023 Precipitating Bacillus and Sporosarcina Species from Concrete Gut Microbiota of Mottled Skates, Raja pulchra from the Hyun Jung Kim and Woojun Park* Yellow Sea Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Eun Bae Kim Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University Department of Animal Life Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University B017 Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses of Acinetobacter B024 oleivorans DR1 under Long-chain Alkane Glyoxylate Bypass Governs Bacterial Respiration under Chulwoo Park, Jaejoon Jung, and Woojun Park* Oxidative Stress Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Sungeun Ahn and Woojun Park* Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University B018 Comparative Genomics Reveals Insights into Adaptation of B025 Ramlibacter Species to Different Soil Habitats Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide Increases Biofilm Hyo Jung Lee and Che Ok Jeon* Formation by Inducing Exopolysaccharide Production in Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1 In-Ae Jang and Woojun Park* Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental B019 Science and Ecological, Engineering, Korea University Screening of Highly Efficient Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria from Soils and Their Utilization for Plant Growth Promotion B026 Sun-hwan Jeong and Sang-Seob Lee* Fungistatic Activity of an α-Aminophosphonate Chitosan Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University Derivative against Aspergillus niger on Controlled Microgravity Yesupatham Sathishkumar1, Kesavan Devarayan2, B020 Byoung-Suhk Kim3, and Yang Soo Lee4* Screening and Isolation of BTEX Degrading Bacteria from 1Department of Forest Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life, 2Department of Basic Sciences, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, Nagapattinam, Tongyeong Sea Water of Korea India, 3Department of BIN Convergence Technology, Chonbuk National University, 4 Hye Ji Kim and Sang-Seob Lee* Department of Forest Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Life Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University B027 B021 A Study on the Biodegradation of Petroleum Oils by Marine Development of Antifungal Compounds from Streptomyces Microbial Consortia sp. NF186 against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans Seon-Hee Kim and Hyung-Yeel Kahng* Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University Sung-Jin Cho1 and Sang-Seob Lee2* 1Department of Biological engineering, Kyonggi University, 2Department of Life Science, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University

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B028 B034 Spatial Disturbances in Altered Mucosal and Luminal Gut Fish Possess Unique Microbial Communities Shaped by Viromes of Diet-induced Obese Mice Surrounding Environments and Distinct from Other Vertebrate Min-Soo Kim1 and Jin-Woo Bae2* Pil Soo Kim1, Jae Bong Lee2, Min-Soo Kim1, Tae Woong Whon1, 1 1 1 1 1 1Department of Biology, 2Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences Dong-Wook Hyun , Ji-Hyun Yun , Na-Ri Shin , Mi-Ja Jung , and Jin-Woo Bae * and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University 1Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, 2National Fisheries Research & Development Institute B029 Isolation and Functional Classification of Marine Bacteria in B035 Jeju Coastal Areas Useful for Industrial Purposes A Physiologically, Genetically, and Morphologically Novel Seyeon Shin1, Dong-Heon Lee2, and Hyung-Yeel Kahng1* Isolated Ammonia-oxidizing Archaeon, Nitrosocosmicus 1Department of Environmental Education, Sunchon National University oleophilus, from Terrestrial Sediment 2Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Jeju National University Man-Young Jung1, Heeji Hong1, Eugene L. Madsen2, Md Arafat Islam1, and Sung-Keun Rhee1* B030 1Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 2Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA Isolation of Brackish Water Bacterioplankton from Saemangeum by High-Throughput-Culturing Method Based on Cell-sorter Inoculation B036 Hyoung Tae Cheon, Yeonjung Lim, Suhyun Kim, and Jang-Cheon Cho* The Effect of pH on Nitrogen Dissimilation of Shewanella Department of Biological Sciences, Inha University loihica PV-4 and Its Implication in N2O Emission and Nitrogen Retention Ha Yeon Kim and Suk Hwan Yoon* B031 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Microbial Reduction of Nitrous Oxide under Environmentally Science and Technology Relevant Concentrations Doyoung Park and Sukhwan Yoon* B037 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Physiological Properties of Bacterioplankton during Phaeocystis Bloom in Polynya of Amundsen Sea, Western B032 Antarctica 1 1 1 1 A Soil Bacterial Strain Displays Rifampicin Resistance by So-Jeong Kim , Jong-Geol Kim , Joo-Han Gwak , Hee-Ji Hong , Woon-Jong Yu1, Md. Arafat Islam1, Soo-Je Park2, and Sung-Keun Rhee1* Inactivation of the Antibiotic 1Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University, 2Department of Ho-Jin Jang, Dae-Wi Kim, Do-Hoon Lee, and Chang-Jun Cha* Biology, Jeju National University Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University B038 B033 Bioprospecting for Amylase Producing Bacteria from Arctic Specific Fungal Endophyte Resources: Diversity, Sea Samples Characterization, and Comparative Analysis from Eungyeong Heo1, Haju Park2, Dockyu Kim2, and Eungbin Kim1* Contrasting Coastal Environments of Korea 1Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University 2Division of Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute Young-Hyun You1 and Jong-Guk Kim2* 1Marine Microorganism Team, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea 2School of Life Science, Kyungpook National University B039 Analysis of the Rhizosphere Microbiome of Tomato Cultivars that are Resistant or Susceptible to Bacterial Wilt Min-Jung Kwak1, Su Yeon Choi2, Ju Yeon Song1, Hyun Gi Kong2, Hyoung Ju Lee2, Seon-Woo Lee2, and Jihyun F. Kim1* 1Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, 2Department of Applied Biology, Dong-A University

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B040 B046 Differential Compositions of Lichen Microbiomes in Anthropogenic Effect on Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Cladonia gracilis According to the Positions at Thalli from in Natural Environments King George Island, Antarctica Shalem Raj Padakandla1, Dae-Wi Kim2, Yejin Jang1, Woo Jun Sul2, 2 1 Hyun-Ju Noh1,2, Jang-Cheon Cho2, and Soon Gyu Hong1* Chang-Jun Cha , and Jong-Chan Chae * 1 1Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 2Department of Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University 2 Biological Sciences, Inha University Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University

B041 B047 Measuring Patterns by Geographical Locations in Marine Characterization of Ampicillin Resistant Aeromonas Species Metagenome Data Using Newly Adopted Genotyping by Isolated from Domestic Streams Sequencing Shalem Raj Padakandla, Yejin Jang, and Jong-Chan Chae* Hoon-Je Seong1, Chung-Yeon Hwang2, Hong-Hee Won3, and Woo-Jun Sul1* Division of Biotechnology, Chonbuk National University 1Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University 2Division of Polar Biology and Ocean Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute 3Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA B048 Genomic Insight of Bioplastic Production by Sphingobium B042 chungbukense DJ77T Comparative Metagenomic Analysis of Microbial Motakatla Venkateswer Reddy1, Young-Chang Kim2, and Jong-Chan Chae1* Communities in Wheat Nuruk Fermentation 1Division of Biotechnology, 2Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University Jeong-Ah Seo1, Minjoo Kim1, Ki Young Yoon2, Min-Jung Kwak2, Jihyun F. Kim2, and Ju Yeon Song2* 1School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University B049 2Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University Microbial Biogeography on the Sedimentary Environment Influenced by the Arctic Paleoclimate B043 Dukki Han1, Seung-Il Nam2, and Hor-Gil Hur1* Diversity and Enzyme Activity of Penicillium Species 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science Associated with Macroalgae in Jeju Island and Technology, 2Korea Polar Research Institute Myung Soo Park1, Seobihn Lee1, Seung-Yoon Oh1, Ga Youn Cho2, and Young Woon Lim1* B050 1School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University 2National Institute of Biological Resources, Environmental Research Complex Identification of a Variant of New Delhi Metallo-β- lactamase, NDM-9-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae B044 in an Urban River in South Korea Doris Y. W. Di1, Jeonghwan Jang2, and Hor-Gil Hur1* Genome Reconstruction for Prediction of Metabolic 1School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science Potential of Subsurface Archaea in Intertidal Mud Flat and Technology, 2BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Sediment MN 55108, USA Joo-Han Gwak1, So-Jeong Kim1, Woon-Jong Yu1, Md. Arafat Islam1, Soo-Je Park2, and Sung-Keun Rhee1* B051 1Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University 2Department of Biology, Jeju National University Genome Sequence Analysis of the Soil Microbe Dokdonella koreensis DS123 B045 HyeonGwon Lee1, Min-Jung Kwak1, and Jihyun F. Kim1,2* 1Department of Systems Biology and Division of Life Sciences, Yonsei University Antibiotics Resistant Testing of Vibrio and Oxytetracycline 2Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food, Yonsei University Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Fish Farming Water in Jeju Son G. Nguyen, Mincheol Kim, Jungman Kim, Nakwon Hwang, and Tatsuya Unno* Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University

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B052 B053 Genome Sequence of Maribacter dokdonensis DSW-8, a Stimulation of Biomass and Lipid Productivity of Marine Marine Bacterium Isolated from Seawater of Dokdo, an Diatom Chaetoceros Strains by Utilizing Mud and Food Island of the East Sea in Korea Waste Mixture Jidam Lee1, Min-Jung Kwak1, Soon-Kyeong Kwon1, and Jihyun F. Kim1,2* Si Wouk Kim1,2*, Moon Jong Kim1, and Geun Ho Gim2 1Department of Systems Biology and Division of Life Sciences, Yonsei University, 1Department of Energy Convergence, Chosun University 2Strategic Initiative for Microbiomes in Agriculture and Food, Yonsei University 2Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University

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C001 C007 3D Structure of Family 5 Extracellular Solute-binding Protein Growth Inhibition of Multidrug Resistant Staphylococcus in Bifidobacterium longum KACC 91563 aureus Using Cotton Fabric with Violacein Derivative Junsang Ham, Han-ha Chai, Hyoun Wook Kim, SeongYeol Choi1, HeeUn Kwon1, SooYeon Kim1, YeongMi Kwon2, Bu Min Kim, and Mi-Hwa Oh* ChangSeok Lee2, JinHyeng Lee3, and Robert J. Mitchell1* National Institute of Animal Science, RDA 1School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 2YeeJoo Research Institute, YeeJoo Corporation 3Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology C002

Genetic Strategies for Pikromycin Over-production in C008 Streptomyces venezuelae Isolation of Lipase Genes from Goat Ruminal Metagenomic Joon-Sun Choi, Ji-Eun Kim, and Jung-Hye Roe* Libraries School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University Mi-Ra Kwon1, Keun-Sung Kim2, Jin-Sung Lee3, Mi-Rim Park1, Haesu Ko1, and Kyung-Tai Lee1* 1 C003 Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration Secondary Metabolites for Plant Growth Promoting 2Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University 3 Produced by Rhodobacter capsulatus PS-2 Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University Ki Moon Bong1, Jong Min Kim1, In Cheol Park2, Chul Won Lee3, and Pyoung Il Kim1* C009 1Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Bio Control Research Center Functional Analysis Of Intracellular Nitric Oxide during 2 Agriculture Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science Development in a Filamentous Fungus 3Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University Anchalee Pengkit1, Sung-Sil Jeon2, Soo Ji Son3, Jae Ho Shin3, and Gyungsoon Park1,2* C004 1Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University 2 Cultivation Conditions for Mass Production of an Antifungal Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University 3Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University Lipopeptide from Bacillus methylotrophicus GH1-13

1 1 1 2 Jong Min Kim , Ki Moon Bong , Gong Min Kim , JaeKyeong Song , C010 Chul Won Lee3, and Pyoung Il Kim1* 1Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, Bio Control Research Center Identification of Protease Genes from Goat Ruminal 2Agriculture Microbiology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science Metagenomic Libraries 3Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University Mi-Ra Kwon1, Kyung-Tai Lee1, Keun-Sung Kim2, Jin-Sung Lee3, Mi-Rim Park1, and Haesu Ko1* C005 1Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, 2Department of Food Science and Multi-drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Growth Technology, Chung-Ang University, 3Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi Inhibition by Violacein Produced by Pseudoduganella University Natural Isolated Strain NI28 SooYeon Kim, SeongYeol Chio, and Robert J. Mitchell* C011 Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Effect of Structure and Molecular Weight on the Permeabilizing Ability of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) C006 Soh M. Sandrine and Robert J. Mitchell* Impact of Silicate Solubilizing Burkholderia ebumea CS4-2 Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology on Rice Growth Sang-Mo Kang, Raheem Shahzad, Ko-Eun Lee, Yeon-Gyeong Park, C012 Ah-Yeong Kim, Chang-Woo Seo, Sajjad Asaf, and In-Jung Lee* Characterization of Lactobacillus salivarius Strain Isolated School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University from Piglet Feces for Probiotic Uses Gwi-Deuk Jin1, Jongbin Park2, and Eun Bae Kim1* 1Department of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, 2Department of Animal Life System, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University

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C013 C019 Single-stranded DNA Aptamers Targeting Antimicrobial Anti-tumor Effect of L-asparaginase Delivered by Salmonella Peptides: PG1, PR26 and PMAP36 typhimurium on Solid Tumors Phat-Loc Nguyen1, Kyeoung-Ah Lee1, Simranjeet Singh Sekhon1, Kwangsoo Kim, Daejin Lim, Yeongjin Hong, Kun-Hee Kim, Kyeong il Park, Jiho Min2, and Yang-Hoon Kim1* Shinnam Li, Hyun-Ju Kim, Hyon E. Choy, and Jae Ho Jeong* 1Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, 2Graduate School of Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University

C020 C014 Proteobacteria: Diagnostic Marker for Dysbiosis in Gut Selection and Characterization of the Glypican-3 Binding Microbiota DNA Aptamers Na-Ri Shin, Tae Woong Whon, and Jin-Woo Bae* 1 1 1 Quang-Thai Nguyen , Kyeong-Ah Lee , Sinranjeet Singh Sekhon , Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Yang-Hoon Kim1, Sung-Jin Cho2, and Jiho Min3* Kyung Hee University 1Department of Microbiology, 2Department of Biology, 3Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University C021 Screening and Fermentation Characteristics of Bacillus sp. C015 with High Amylase and Protease Activity Isolated from Deoxyviolacein Mass Production and Aggregation Using Traditional Nuruks Fermenter with Escherichia coli Culture Min Ju Park, Sung Wook Han, Su Jin Heo, Young Ho Hong, HeeUn Kwon, SeongYeol Choi, and Robert James Mitchell* Seong Jun Cho, and Seung Won Park* School of Biological Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Life Ingredient & Material Research Institute, CJ Cheil Jedang

C016 C022 Adaptive Laboratory Evolution of Leuconostoc mesenteroides Effect of Metabolic Condition Medication and Probiotics J18 in Response to Low Temperature Formulation on the Model Rats and Their Intestinal Microbiota Hye Rim Kim1, Ga Yeon Jo2, Hey Hee Jeon2, and Che Ok Jeon2* Seokcheon Song1, Joohyun Shin2, Jaegu Seo2, 2 1 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Myungjoon Jung , and Eungbin Kim * and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University 1Department of Systems Biology, Yonsei University, 2R&D Center, Cellbiotech, 2Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Co. Ltd.

C017 C023 Activation of Endophytic-plant Growth-promoting Bacteria Combination of Synthetic Genetic Circuitry and Microfluidics (EPGPB) by Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment for Highly Sensitive Heavy Metal Ion Biosensors 1,2 3 1,4 5 Sang hye Ji1, Se Chul Chun2, Eun Ha Choi1, and Gyungsoon Park1* Hyun Ju Kim , Ji Won Lim , Haeyoung Jeong , Sang-Jae Lee , 6 3,7 1,2 1Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, 2Department of Dong-Woo Lee , Taesung Kim , and Sang Jun Lee * Bioresources and food science, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk 1Biosystems & Bioengineering Program, University of Science and Technology University (UST), 2Microbiomics and Immunity Research Center, Korea Research Institute Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST), 4Superbacteria 5 6 C018 Research Center, KRIBB, Major in Food Biotechnology, Silla University, School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Inhibition Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum in Colon Cancer Korea, 7Department of Mechanical Engineering, UNIST Anna Jeong, Sooyeon Song, and Sejong Oh* Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University C024 Lactobacillus plantarum Suppressed ß-hexoaminidase, Histamine, and Expression of TNF-α and IL-4 in BPA-stimulated RBL-2H3 Cells Jin A Lim and Sejong Oh* Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University of Korea

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C025 C027 Total Protein Isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum Has a Determination of Antiviral Effects of Adenosine Analogues Protective Character from Cadmium Chloride-stimulated on Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Raw 264.7 Cells Miyeon Cho, Seok-Won Jung, Soomin Lee, and Hyojeung Kang* Miyoung Shin and Sejong Oh* College of Pharmacy and Institute of Microorganisms, Kyungpook National Division of Animal Science, Chonnam National University University

C026 Nexus Role of Paracoccus denitrificans in Simultaneous Removal of Nitrate, Iron and Arsenic Sunhwa Park and Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

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D001 D007 Effect of Sub Minimal Inhibitory Concentration Eukaryotic Stress Response Gene ATF3 Provides Protection Chlorhexidine on Binding Characteristics of Streptococci and from Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes Actinomycetes Infections So Yeon Lee and Si Young Lee* Sung-Yoep Lee, Suhkneung Pyo, and Dong Kwon Rhee* Department of Oral Microbiology, Colleage of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University National University

D008 D002 Isolation of New Bacteriophages to Control Pathogenic Whole Genome-scale Transcriptomic Analysis of c-di-GMP Bacteria, Bacillus cereus Signaling in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Jeong-A Lim, Sojung Kim, Jonguk Kim, Jisoo Hong, Eunjung Roh, Hyung Tae Lee, Dalmuri Han, June Bong Lee, Kyu Seok Jung, Jae-Gee Ryu, and Jin-Woo Park* Chong-Hae Hong, and Jang Won Yoon* Microbial Safety Team, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National Administration University

D009 D003 The Putative Fungicidal Molecules Show an Antifungal Effect Ferroportin Promote ROS Influx into Salmonella Containing on Candida albicans Virulence Through a Regulating the Vesicle Resulting in Intramacrophage Bacterial Killing Mitochondrial Activity Daejin Lim, Hyun-Ju Kim, Jea-Ho Jeong, Kwangsoo Kim, Kun-Hee Kim, Young Kwang Park1, Se Woong Kim1, Hwang Suk Kim2, Kyeongil Park, Shinan Li, and Hyon E. Choy* Hee-Yoon Lee2, and Joon Kim1* Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School 1Lab. of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, 2Department of Chemistry, KAIST D004 Inhibition of Varicella-zoster Virus Replication by the Extract D010 from Elaeocarpus sylvestris Vacuoles are Essential for Morphogenesis and Virulence in Na-Eun Kim, So-Hee Bae, June-Eun Kim, and Yoon-Jae Song* Candida albicans Department of Life Science, Gachon University Se Woong Kim, Young Kwang Park, Yoo Jin Joo, Yu Jin Chun, Ju Yeon Hwang, Je-Hyun Baek, and Joon Kim* Lab of Biochemistry, Division of Life Sciences, Korea University D005 The Quorum Sensing-dependent Factor(s) Can Modulate D011 the Activity of Protease IV, a Major Virulence Factor of Ohmyungsamycins, New Antimycobacterial Cyclic Peptides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Activate Autophagy via AMP-activated Protein 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 Jungmin Oh , Soo-Kyung Kim , Xi-Hui Li , and Joon-Hee Lee * Kinase-mediated Signaling 1Lab of Microbiology, 2College of Pharmacy, 3Department of Pharmacy, Pusan 1,2 3 1,2 3 National University Tae Sung Kim , Yern-Hyerk Shin , Hye-Mi Lee , Soohyun Um , Jin Kyung Kim1,2, Dong-Chan Oh3, and Eun-Kyeong Jo1,2* 1Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, D006 2Infection Signaling Network Research Center, 3Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University A Salmonella Virulence Protein Interacts with PhoR That Activates Pho-regulon D012 Soomin Choi Microbial Genetic Laboratory, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University Antagonistics against Pathogenic Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum by Novel Peptides from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PT14 Hee Kyoung Kang1 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* 1Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, 2Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Chosun University

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D013 D018 The Impact of Serum Albumin on Predation by Bdellovibrio Detection and Growth Inhibition of Streptococcus mutans bacteriovorus HD100 by Aptamers Ga Young Cho, Hansol Im, Ajay Monnappa, and Robert Mitchell* kyeong-Ah Lee1, Simranjeet Singh Sekhon1, Gna Ahn1, Ji-Young Ahn1, 1 2 3 Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Yang-Hoon Kim , Sung-Jin Cho , and Jiho Min * 1Department of Microbiology, 2Department of Biology, 3Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University D014

Transcriptomic Profiles from Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus D019 HD100 during Predation on an Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Strain of Escherichia coli Production and Characterization of Sodium Hydroxide Induced Vibrio parahaemolyticus Ghosts as a Potential SooIn Choi1, Mohammed Dwidar2, and Robert J. Mitchell1* Vaccine Candidate 1School of Life Science, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 2Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan Hyun Jung Park, Seongmi Ji, Nagarajan Vinod, Sung Oh, Jung Mo Koo, Han Byul Noh, Ki-Sung Lee, Sei Chang Kim, and Chang Won Choi* Department of Biology & Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University D015 Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Sch9-dependent Thermotolerance Mechanism Reveals the Dual Functional D020 Heat Shock Factor 1, Hsf1, in Cryptococcus neoformans Production and Characterization of Hydrochloric Acid Dong-Hoon Yang1, Kwang-Woo Jung1, Soohyun Bang1, Jang-Won Lee1, Induced Listeria monocytogenes Ghosts (LMGs) as a 1 1 1 2 3 Min-Hee Song , Yeonseon Lee , Eunji Jeong , Anna Floyd , Richard Festa , Potential Vaccine Candidate Giuseppe Ianiri4, Alex Idnurm4, Dennis Thiele3, Joseph Heitman2, and Yong-Sun Bahn1* Seongmi Ji, Hyun Jung Park, Nagarajan Vinod, Sung Oh, Jung Mo Koo, 1Department of Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Yonsei University, Han Byul Noh, Ki-Sung Lee, Sei Chang Kim, and Chang Won Choi* 2Departments of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Medicine, and Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham 27710, NC, USA, Department of Biology & Medicinal Science, Pai Chai University 3Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology and Biochemistry, Medicine, and Phamacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham 27710, NC, USA , 4Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110, USA D021 Identification and Mechanism of LL37 and Its Analogs with D016 Potent Antimicrobial Activity against Acinetobacter baumannii Strains Unravelling of the Target of Rapamycin (TOR1) Kinase Signaling 1,2 1,2 Pathway in Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans Eunji Park and Yoonkyung Park * 1Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology 1 2 2 3 3 Yee-Seul So , Giuseppe Ianiri , Alex Idnurm , Jae-Hyung Jin , and Yong-Sun Bahn * and BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, Chosun 1Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University University, 2Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, MO 64110, USA, 3Department of Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Yonsei University D022 Characterization of Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism D017 of Antimicrobial Peptide against Bacteria Kinome Webs Reveal Novel Pathogenicity Networks in Su Jin Ko1,2 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans 1Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology and BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, Chosun University Kyung-Tae Lee1, Yee-Seul So2, Dong-Hoon Yang2, Kwang-Woo Jung2, Jaeyoung Choi3, Dong-Gi Lee4, Hyojeong Kwon2, Juyeong Jang2, 2 2 2 2 Li Li Wang , Soohyun Cha , Gena Lee Meyers , Joohyeon Hong , D023 Soohyun Bang2, Je-Hyun Ji2, Goun Park2, Hyo-Jeong Byun2, Sung Woo Park2, Young-Min Park2, Gloria Adedoyin5, Taeyup Kim5, Anna K Averette5, Effect of HAMP and T1AMP on the Antimicrobial Activity Jong-Soon Choi4, Eunji Cheong2, Yong-Hwan Lee3, and Yong-Sun Bahn2* against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Multidrug-resistant 1Department of Biotechnology, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, 2Department of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 3Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 4Biological Min Kyung Kim1,2 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* Disaster Analysis Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, 5Department of Molecular 1Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology Genetics and Microbiology, Medicine, and Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, USA and BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, Chosun University

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D024 D030 Antimicrobial Activity, Anti-biofilm and Action Mechanism Prevalence of Respiratory Viruses in Patients with Acute of Charge-enriched AMPs against Both Gram-positive and Respiratory Infections in Jeonbuk, 2015 Gram-negative Bacteria with Therapeutic Potential for Chan mun Jin1, Yeun Jeong Kim1, Keung Eu No1, Seouk Hyeon Lim1, Clinical Antibiotic-resistant Cheon Hyeon Kim1, Hee Dong Jung2, Hyang Min Cheong2, Sung Soon Kim2, and Ki Soon Kim2* Hyo Mi Han1 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* 1Jeollabukdo Institute of Health and Environment Research, 2Center for 1Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology Infectious diseases, KNIH, KCDC and BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, Chosun University

D032 D025 Chitosan Nanoparticle Supplemented Diet Alters the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Peptide on Antibacterial, Zebrafish Gut Microbiota Anti-biofilm Activity Chathurica Udayangani, Sajith Dananjaya, 1,2 2 Jong Gwan Park and Yoon Kyung Park * Seung Beom Seo, and Mahanama De Zoysa* 1 Department of Convergence Science, Kongju National University College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, 2 Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), Chosun University Chungnam National University

D026 D033 Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Activities of CMA3 Fusarium oxysporum Infestation of Zebrafish in Laboratory Peptide with Low Cytotoxicity in Escherichia coli System Jong-Kook Lee1 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* Sang Yeop Shin, Chanuka Kulatunga, Dong Joon Kim, 1Research Center for Proteinaceous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology Bae Keun Park, and Mahanama De Zoysa* and BK21 Research Team for Protein Activity Control, Chosun University College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University

D027 D034 Antibacterial and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Novel P-AMP against Human Pathogens Antibiotic Resistance is Induced by a Bacterial Starvation Signal in Vibrio cholerae Na hee Kang1,2 and Yoonkyung Park1,2* Hwa Young Kim, Young Taek Oh, and Sang Sun Yoon* 1Research Center for Proteineous Materials (RCPM), 2Department of Biotechnology and BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, Chosun Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for University Medical Science, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine

D028 D035 Immunization of Mice with Irradiated Whole Cell Vaccine Structural Insight of Substrate Promiscuity for Confers a Significant Degree of Protection against a Lethal 2-deoxyribose-5-phosphate Aldolase (DERA) from Infection of Streptococcus agalactiae Streptococcus suis A-Yeung Jang, Yong Zhi, Bum Joo Kim, Zhao Lei, Zhang Jing, Thinh-Phat Cao1, Joong-Su Kim2, and Sung Haeng Lee1* Shunmei Lin, and Ho Seong Seo* 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chosun University School of Radiation Biotechnology Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Medicine, 2Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology D029

Pathogenicity of Newly Isolated Human Ileal Streptococci D036 Dong-Wook Hyun, Min-Soo Kim, Tae Woong Whon, Na-Ri Shin, Mi-Ja Jung, Identification of Essential Genes of Pseudomonas Pil Soo Kim, Hyun Sik Kim, June-Young Lee, Woorim Kang, and Jin-Woo Bae* aeruginosa for It Is Growth in Airway Mucus Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University Mohammed Mohammed and Sang Sun Yoon* Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine

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D037 D043 Anti-tumor Effect of Quercetin in EBV-associated Human Host Transcriptional Profiles of Acinetobacter Gastric Carcinoma baumannii-Infected Human Lung Cancer Cell Hwan Hee Lee, Seulki Lee, Hyojeong Kang, and Hyosun Cho* Sang-Yeop Lee1, Edmond Changkyun Park1,2, Sung Ho Yun1, 1 1 1,3 1 Department of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University Chi Won Choi , Hayoung Lee , Gun-Hwa Kim , and Seung Il Kim * 1Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, 2Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, 3Department of D038 Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology The Anti-HSV Effect of Quercetin in Raw 264.7 Cells via Downregulation of Inflammatory Responses D044 Seulki Lee, Hwan Hee Lee, and Hyosun Cho* Conditionally Pathogenic Gut Microbes Promote Larval Department of Pharmacy, Duksung Women’s University Growth by Increasing Redox-Dependent Fat Storage in High Sugar Diet-Fed Drosophila melanogaster D039 Tae Woong Whon, Na-Ri Shin, Mi-Ja Jung, Dong-Wook Hyun, Hyun Sik Kim, Pil Soo Kim, and Jin-Woo Bae* KSHV Infection of Primary Human Endothelial Cells Induces Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Complement Activation by Exosome-mediated Binding of Kyung Hee University Properdin

1 1 1 Hyungtaek Jeon , Jisu Lee , Seung-min Yoo , D045 Shou-Jiang Gao2, and Myung-Shin Lee1* 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, Phylogenetic Analysis of Leptospira spp. in Wild Rodent at 2Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, Gwangju Metropolitan Area, Republic of Korea 2014~2015 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA Jung Wook Park1, Sun Hee Kim1, Duck Woong Park1, Hye Jung Park1, So Hyang Jeong1, Mi Hee Seo1, Yong Seok Lee1, Jae Keun Chung1, Hyun Jae 2 2 3 D040 Song , Jung Yoon Lee , and Dong Min Kim * 1Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju, 2Gwangju Health University Significant Differences between Tick Bite Sites and Mite Bite 3Chosun University, Medical College Sites on Humans

1 2 2 Choon-Mee Kim , Na-Ra Yoon , and Dong-Min Kim * D046 1Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Lipopolysaccharide- mediated Induction of Chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1α, and IP-10 Occurs via Distinct Intracellular Signaling Pathways in D041 Murine Macrophages Utility of Tick-bite Site Samples for the Diagnosis of Human Ok-Jin Park, Min-Kyung Cho, Cheol-Heui Yun, and Seung Hyun Han* Granulocytic Anaplasmosis Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul Choon-Mee Kim1 and Dong-Min Kim2* National University 1Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 2Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University D047 Acquisition of Chemoresistance and Other D042 Malignancy-related Features of Colorectal Cancer Cells are Clinical Usefulness of Conventional PCR Targeting the 16S Incremented by Ribotoxic Mycotoxin and Antibiotics Ribosomal RNA for the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus Chang-Kyu Oh1, Dongwook Kim2, Seung-Joon Lee3, Choon-Mee Kim1 and Dong-Min Kim2* Seong-Hwan Park3, and Yuseok Moon3* 1Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 2Department of 1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University School of Medicine Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University 2National Institute of Animal Science, RDA 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pusan National University

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D048 D053 Acute Gastroenteritis Surveillance from Diarrheal Patients KSHV Infection in Established B Cells Require Cell-associated in Gwangju, Korea, During 2015 Viruses Seon Kyeong Kim, Hye-young Kee, Tae Sun Kim, Eun-hye Jo, Ji Hyun Shin, Jinjong Myoung Dong Ryong Ha, Eun-Sun Kim, and Kye Won Seo* Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Health & Environment Institute of Gwangju

D054 D049 Jak-STAT Pathway Enhances KSHV Replication in Endothelial ɩNKT Cell Sensitization during Neonatal Respiratory Syncytial Cells Virus Infection Induces Severe Pulmonary Pathology in Re-infected Adult Mice Jinjong Myoung Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University Seung Young Lee1, Youran Noh1, Semi Rho1, Jung Hyun Goo1, Min Jung Kim1, Chang-Yuil Kang2, Man Ki Song1, and Jae-Ouk Kim1* 1Laboratory Science, International Vaccine Institute D055 2College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University Calcineurin Targets Involved in Stress Survival and Fungal Virulence D050 Hee-Soo Park1,2*, Joseph Heitman2, and Maria E. Cardenas2 B Cell Infection by Kaposi’s Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 2 Jinjong Myoung Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University

D051 D056 OX40 and 4-1BB Differentially Inhibit KSHV Replication in B Prooxidant Activity of Pyrogallol on Vibrio vulnificus Infection Cells and Endothelial Cells Ju Young Lim and Young Ran Kim* Jinjong Myoung College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University D057 D052 Role of Host Cell Filamin A in Vibrio vulnificus RtxA1 Human Fucosyltransferase 2 Expression in Mouse Toxin-induced Cytoskeletal Rearrangement and Cytotoxicity Jinjong Myoung Ju Young Lim and Young Ran Kim* Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Chonbuk National University College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University

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E001 E007 Purification, Crystallization, and X-ray Crystallographic Structural Analysis of Ligand Bound Complex of UdgX: A Studies on Bacillus stearothermophilus Molybdenum Unique Uracil DNA Glycosylase Superfamily Binding Uracil DNA Cofactor-dependent YiiM Woo-Chan Ahn1,2, Min-Ho Lee1, Pau Biak Sang3, 3 1,4 Byeol Nam-gung and Sung-il Yoon* Umesh Varshney , and Eui-Jeon Woo * 1 2 Department of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Department of National University Biological Sciences, KAIST Institute for the Biocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 3Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, IISc, Bangalore, India, 4University of Science and Technology E002 Anthranilate Deteriorates Bacterial Biofilms E008 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3 Xi-Hui Li , Soo-Kyung Kim , Jungmin Oh , and Joon-Hee Lee * Elucidation of Regulatory Genes for Enhancement of 1 2 3 Lab of Microbiology, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Pusan Rapamycin Production National University Jin A Jung, Eun ji Kim, Jae-yeon Hwang, Myoun Su Kim, Shi Ying Jin, Na Ryeong Lee, and Yeo Joon Yoon* E003 Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University Ornithine Lipid-mediated Regulation of Virulence and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa E009 Soo-Kyung Kim1,2,3, Xi-Hui Li1,2,3, and Joone-Hee Lee1,2,3* Localization of an Acid Responsive Element in the Laccase 1Lab of Microbiology, 2College of Pharmacy, 3Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University Promotor Expressed at Low pH in Coprinellus congregatus Su Yeon Kim1, Linh Trieu Dieu Nguyen1,2, and Hyung Tae Choi1* E004 1Molecular Microbiology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, 2Vietnam Dissection of the HOG Pathway Activated by Hydrogen Peroxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae E010 Young Mi Lee1,2, Eun Jung Kim1,2, Ji Eun An3, Ye Ji Lee4, Eun Yong Choi4, Won Ja Choi2,3,4, Eun Pyo Moon5, and Wan Kee Kim1* The Sugar-dependent Regulation of C-di-GMP and Signal 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Ajou University, 2Division of Transduction System 3 Ecological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences 1 1 1,2 and Division of Ecological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, 4Interdisciplinary Kyoo Heo , Young-Ha Park , and Yeong-Jae Seok * Program of EcoCreative, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 1Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, 2Department 5Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University

E005 E011 Overexpression of OLE1 Enhances Stress Tolerance and Trans-4-hydroxy-l-proline: A Novel Constituent of Constitutively Activates the MAPK Hog1 through the Compatible Solute in Moderate Halophilic Bacteria MAPKKK Ssk2 Kyung Hyun Kim, Baolei Jia, and Che Ok Jeon* 1 2 3 3 Ye Ji Lee , Olviyani Nasutution , Young Mi Lee , Eun Jung Kim , Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Wan Kee Kim3, and Won Ja Choi1* 1Interdisciplinary Program of EcoCreative, 2Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 3Department of Pharmacology, School of E012 Medicine, Ajou University Development of a Colorimetric Quantification Method for Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria E006 Min Young Jung, Sung-Oh Sohn, Se Hee Lee, Boyeon Park, Structural and Functional Studies on Uracil DNA Glycosylase Hae Woong Park, and Jong-Hee Lee* from Bradyrhizobium japonicum World Institute of Kimchi Vinod Vikas Patil1,2, Ullas Valiya Chembazhi3, Biak Sang Pau3, Ravi Tiwari4, Umesh Varshney3, and Eui-Jeon Woo1,2* 1Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2University of Science and Technology, 3Department of Microbiology & Cell Biology, IISc, Bangalore, India, 4School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia

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E013 E019 Investigation of the Interaction between HPr and FruR in Physiological Activities of Two Wine Yeasts, Pichia Species Vibrio cholera Isolated from Crushed Grapes Chang-Kyu Yoon1, Hey-Min Kim1, Young-Ha Park1, Sang-Kook Park, Dong-Min Kim, and Kye-Heon Oh* 1 1,2 Yeon-Ran Kim , and Yeong-Jae Seok * Department of Life Science and Technology, Soonchunhyang University 1Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, 2Department of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University E020 E014 Karyopherins Involved in the Nuclear Actin Transport Generation of a FK506 Analogue through Genetic Immanuel Dhanasingh and Sung Haeng Lee* Engineering of Streptomyces Strain Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Chosun University School of Medicine Xu Zhao, Hea Luying Shin, Heqing Cui, Ji Yoon Beom, Ji Young Lee, and Yeo Joon Yoon* Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University E021 Crystal Structure of Glycogen Branching Enzyme from E015 Pyrococcus horikoshii OxyR-dependent Gene Expression Involved in Exopolysaccharide Soo Hui Na and Nam Chul Ha* Production in Acinetobacter oleivorans DR1 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University Bora Shin and Woojun Park* Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea university E022 Crystal Structure of the Regulatory Domain of AphB, a E016 Virulence Gene Activator from Vibrio vulnificus The Structural Insights of a Cytosol Protein Disulfide Nohra Park, Saemee Song, Inseong Jo, Sang Ho Choi*, and Nam-Chul Ha* Reductase DsbM from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Inseong Jo1, In-Young Chung2, You-Hee Cho2, and Nam-Chul Ha1* Sciences, Seoul National University 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University 2Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, CHA University E023 Bacillus licheniformis Contains Two More PerR-like Proteins E017 in Addition to PerR, Fur and Zur Orthologues Cellular Responses of Hemolytic Bacillus cereus MH-2 Yoon Mo Yang, Jung Hoon Kim, Su Hyun Ryu, Yeh Eun Lee, and Jin Won Lee* Exposed to Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University Dong-Min Kim, Sang-Kook Park, and Kye-Heon Oh* Department of Life Science and Technology, Soonchunhyang University E024 Effect of Exogenous Glutamine on Salmonella Replication E018 under Nitrosative Stress Conditions Isolation and Cellular Responses of Explosive Yoon Mee Park and Iel Soo Bang* HMX-degrading Bacterium and Its Morphological Changes Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chosun University School of Under Sublethal HMX Concentrations Dentistry Dong-Min Kim, Sang-Kook Park, and Kye-Heon Oh* Department of Life Science and Technology, Soonchunhyang University

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E025 E026 Crystal Structure of Bacterial 1-Cys Peroxiredoxin from The HPr-pyruvate Kinase Complex Protects Vibrio vulnificus

Vibrio vulnificus and Its Structural and Functional Cells against H2O2 Stress Generated by Fungal Neighbors in Implications to Scavenging ROS and Nitric Oxide the Presence of Glucose Jinsook Ahn1, Kyung Ku Jang1, Inseong Jo1, Jin-Wook Yoo2, Hey-Min Kim1, Young-Ha Park1, Chang-Kyu Yoon1, and Yeong-Jae Seok1,2* 1 1 Sang Ho Choi , and Nam-Chul Ha * 1Department of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, 2Department 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, of Biophysics and Chemical Biology, Seoul National University Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 2Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Pusan National University

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F001 F007 Complete Genome Analysis of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Oxidative Stress Response of Deinococcus geothermalis via FORC_023, Isolated from Storage Water for Raw Fish a Cystine Importer Han Young Chung, Byungho Lee, Eun Jung Na, and Sang Ho Choi* Minwook Kim and Sung-Jae Lee* Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University Seoul National University

F008 F002 Complete Genome Sequence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Complete Genome Sequence of Antibiotic and Anticancer FORC_022, a Food-borne Pathogen from Soy Sauce Agent Violacein Producing Massilia sp. Strain NR 4-1 Marinated Crab in South Korea Nu Ri Myeong, Hoon Je Seong, Hye-Jin Kim, and Woo Jun Sul* Byungho Lee, Han Young Chung, Suyeon Kim, Eun Jung Na, and Sang Ho Choi* Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University Foodborne-pathogens Omics Research Center, Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University F003

Metabolic Role of MADS-box Transcription Factor Mbx2 in F009 Schizosaccharomyces pombe Transcriptome Analyses of a Novel Transcriptional Youngdae Seo and Jung-Hye Roe* Regulator HpxA Essential for Hypoxic Responses in School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University Aspergillus nidulans Using RNA-Seq Sun-Ki Koh, Dawoon Chung, Jun-Yong Kwak, Mee-Hyang Jeon, and Suhn-Kee Chae* F004 Department of Biochemistry, Paichai University Role of Rsv1 in Responding to Glucose-starvation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe F010 Eun-Jung Kim and Jung-Hye Roe* Yap1 and Skn7 are Involved in DNA Double-strand Break School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University Repair by Homologous Recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae F005 Myung Ju Kim1,2, Dae Gwan Yi3, Jihyun Lee1,2, Ji Eun Choi1,2, Bohyun Park1, A Genome-wide Transcriptomic Analysis of Sujin In1, and Woo-Hyun Chung1,2* Radiation-responsive Genes in the Radiation-resistant 1College of Pharmacy, 2Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's Universiity 3Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University Fungus, C. neoformans Kwang-Woo Jung1, Min-Kyu Kim1, Dongho Kim1, Sangyong Lim1, and Yong-Sun Bahn2* F011 1 Research Division for Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Role of Conserved Residues within the Wedge Domain of 2Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University Deinococcus radiodurans RecG Sun Wook Jeong, Jing Zhang, Lei Zhao, Min Kyu Kim, and Sangyong Lim* Research Division Biotechnology, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute F006 Crystal Structure of Thermoplasma acidophilum XerA Recombinase Shows Large C-shape Clamp Conformation F012 and cis-cleavage Mode for Nucleophilic Tyrosine Complete Genome Sequencing of Clinical Isolated Chang Hwa Jo1, Junsoo Kim1, Ah-reum Han1, Sam Yong Park2, Salmonella enterica FORC_020 and Comparative Genome Kwang Yeon Hwang1, and Ki Hyun Nam3* Analysis with S. enterica Typhimurium LT2 and S. enterica 1Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Korea Newport USDA-ARS-USMARC-1972 University, 2Drug Design Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Japan, 3Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang You-Tae Kim and Ju-Hoon Lee* University of Science and Technology Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences and Resources, Kyung Hee University

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F013 F018 ABC Transporter Atm1 Plays Roles in Mitochondrial Change of Biochemical Characteristics in aroA ompA Functions and Iron Homeostasis in Human Fungal Pathogen Deletion in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis Cryptococcus neoformans Kiju Kim and Tae-Wook Hahn* Eunsoo Do, Se-Ho Park, and Won Hee Jung* College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University National University

F014 F019 Distinct Survival Strategies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Molecular Mechanism of Anti-repressor by Ler to LEE5 Dual Promoters of the Major Catalase (KatA) Promoter in Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) 1 2 In-Young Chung, Bi-o Kim, Hye-Jung Jang, and You-Hee Cho* Minsang Shin and Hyon E. Choy * 1 Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Department of Microbiology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine 2 Sciences, CHA University Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School

F015 F020 Functional Analysis of RraAS1 Interacting with the Catalytic Cloning and Expression of 5-aminolevulinic Acid Synthase Domain of RNase ES Gene Involved in Secondary Metabolism of Kitasatospora cheerisanensis Daeyoung Kim, Sojin Seo, Boeun Lee, Minju Joo, Ji-Hyun Yeom, and Kangseok Lee* Hwang Jae Yoon and Doo Hyun Nam* Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University

F016 F021 Functional Analysis of RraAS2, a Streptomyces coelicolor The Velvet Regulators and Their Targets in Aspergillus Homolog of RraA nidulans Jihune Heo, Sojin Seo, Boeun Lee, Daeyoung Kim, Minju Joo, Hee-Soo Park 1,3*, Pil Jae Maeng2, and Jae-Hyuk Yu3 Ji-Hyun Yeom, and Kangseok Lee* 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, 2 Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, 3Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA F017 RNase G Modulates Pathogenicity of Salmonella Typhimurium F022 through the Control of hns mRNA Abundance Effects of the Number of the Origin of Replication on the Cell Hong-Man Kim1, Daeyoung Kim1, Minho Lee1, Ji-Hyun Yeom1, Boeun Lee1, Physiology of Escherichia coli Wooseok Song2, and Kangseok Lee1* Hee Jin Yang, Yuna Jung, and Jihyun F. Kim* 1Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University 2Department of Microbiology, Catholic University of Daegu, School of Medicine Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University

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G001 G007 Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli for Renewable Native-sized Spider Silk Protein Production by Enhanced Production of 3-Aminopropionic Acid Glycine Pool Tong Un Chae1, Chan Woo Song1,2, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* Ji Yeon Ha1, Xiao-Xia Xia1, Do Kyun Na2, and Sang Yup Lee1,3,4* 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department KAIS, 2BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 3BioInformatics Research of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus program), 2School of Center, KAIST Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 3Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST, 4BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST

G002 G008 Engineering TCA Cycle for Renewable Production of Fumaric Acid by Escherichia coli Deletion of the Butyrate Kinase (buk) Gene is Essential for the High Butyric Acid Selectivity in Clostridium acetobutylicum Tong Un Chae1, Chan Woo Song1,2, Dong In Kim1,3, Sol Choi1,2, 1 1 1,2 Jae Won Jang1,2, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* Seon Young Park , Yu-Sin Jang , and Sang Yup Lee * 1 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), KAIST, Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department 2BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 3BioInformatics Research Center, KAIST of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute, 2BioProcess Engineering Research Center, Bioinformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and G003 Technololgy (KAIST)

Microbial Production of Gamma-butyrolactone via Metabolically Engineered Mannheimia succiniciproducens G009 Tong Un Chae1, Sol Choi1,2, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* Construction of Isopropanol-Butanol-Ethanol Production 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Platform in the Recombinant Clostridium Strains by KAIST, 2BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 3BioInformatics Research Metabolic Engineering Center, KAIST Seon Young Park1, Joungmin Lee1, Yu-Sin Jang1, and Sang Yup Lee1,2* 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department G004 of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus Program), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute, 2BioProcess Engineering Research Production of Tyrosine and Cadaverine by Metabolically Center, Bioinformatics Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Engineered Escherichia coli Using Synthetic Small Technololgy (KAIST) Regulatory RNA Ji Yeon Ha1, Dokyun Na2, Seung Min Yoo1, and Sang Yup Lee1,3,4* G010 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus program), KAIST, 2School Metabolic Engineering of Escherichia coli for Short Chain of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 3Bioinformatics Research Alkanes Production Center, KAIST, 4BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST Seon Young Park1, Yong Jun Choi1, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department G005 of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 program), BioProcess Engineering 2 Production of Phenol from Glucose by Metabolically Research Center, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the Biocentury, 3Department of Bio and Brain Engineering and Bioinformatics Research Center Engineered Escherichia coli Ji Yeon Ha1, Byoungjin Kim1, Hyegwon Park1, Dokyun Na2, and Sang Yup Lee1,3,4* G011 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus program), KAIST, 2School Production of 1-Propanol by Metabolically Engineered of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 3Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST, 4BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST L-threonine Overproducing Escherichia coli Seon Young Park1, Yong Jun Choi1, Jin Hwan Park1, 1 1,2,3 G006 Tae Yong Kim , and Sang Yup Lee * 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department Rapid Multiple Gene Knockout System Using of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 program), BioProcess Engineering Integration-helper Plasmid Research Center, 2Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology, Institute for the Biocentury, 3Department of Bio and Brain Engineering and Bioinformatics Research Center Ji Yeon Ha1, Chan Woo Song1, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus program), KAIST, 2Bioinformatics Research Center, KAIST, 3BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST

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G012 G017 Production of Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Construction of Acidic Amino Acids Sensing Escherichia coli by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli by Introduction of Chimeric Two-component System Kyeong Rok Choi1, Jung Eun Yang1, Yong Jun Choi2, Seung Hwan Lee3, Murali kannan Maruthamuthu and Soon Ho Hong* 4 5 1 Bong Keun Song , Si Jae Park , and Sang Yup Lee * Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 plus Program), BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST, 2School of Environmental Engineering, G018 University of Seoul, 3Dept. of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, 4Chemical Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Research 3D Wave of Fermented Soybean Extracts Suppress Institute of Chemical Technology, 5Department of Environmental Engineering Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells and Energy, Myongji University Jameon Park1,2 and Han Bok Kim1,2* 1Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, 2The Research Institute for G013 Basic Sciences, Hoseo University Amino Acid L-arginine Production in a Metabolically Engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum G019 Kyeong Rok Choi1, Seok Hyun Park1, Hyun Uk Kim1,2, Tae Yong Kim1,2, Isolation of Biogenic Amine Non-producing Bacillus subtilis 3 3 1,2,4 Jun Seok Park , Suok-su Kim , and Sang Yup Lee * SCM121 and Medium Optimization for Improving Biomass 1 Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department by Response Surface Methodology of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus rogram), Center for Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology KAIST, 2BioInformatics Research Center, Su-Ji Jeong, Hee-Jong Yang, Seong-Yeop Jeong, 3 4 KAIST, Daesang Corporation Research Center, BioProcess Engineering Research Jeong Seon Eom, and Do-Youn Jeong* Center, KAIST Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI)

G014 G020 Cadaverine Overproduction in a Metabolically Engineered Isolation of Bacillus subtilis SCM146 Having Antimicrobial Escherichia coli Cell Factory Activity and Medium Optimization for Improving Biomass by Kyeong Rok Choi1, Zhi-Gang Qian1, Hye Min Park1, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* Response Surface Methodology 1 Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department Hee-Jong Yang, Su-Ji Jeong, Seong-Yeop Jeong, of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus rogram), Center for Jeong Seon Eom, and Do-Youn Jeong* Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology KAIST, 2Institute for the BioCentury, KAIST, 3BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI)

G015 G021 L-Ornithine Bioproduction in Metabolically Engineered Isolation of Biogenic Amine Non-producing Lactobacillus Corynebacterium glutamicum brevis SCML67 and Medium Optimization for Improving Biomass Using Statistical Technique Kyeong Rok Choi1, Seo Yun Kim1, Joungmin Lee1, and Sang Yup Lee1,2,3* 1Metabolic and Biomolecular Engineering National Research Laboratory, Department Su-Ji Jeong, Hee-Jong Yang, Seong-Yeop Jeong, of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 Plus rogram), Center for Jeong Seon Eom, and Do-Youn Jeong* 2 Systems and Synthetic Biotechnology KAIST, BioInformatics Research Center, Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI) KAIST, 3BioProcess Engineering Research Center, KAIST

G022 G016 Isolation of Biogenic Amine Non-producing Lactobacillus Engineering of Metabolic Flux into Novel brevis SCML458 Having Antioxidant Activity and Medium Gamma-aminobutyric Acid Production Pathway by Optimization for Improving Biomass Introduction of Synthetic Scaffolds in Escherichia coli Hee-Jong Yang, Su-Ji Jeong, Seong-Yeop Jeong, Van Dung Pham, Sivachandiran Somasundaram, and Soon Ho Hong* Jeong Seon Eom, and Do-Youn Jeong* Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ulsan Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI)

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G023 G029 KCl Effect on Growth of Leuconostoc mesenteroides CS-5 Inhibition of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Cell-growth by under the High Salt Concentration ETEC Specific Binding DNA Aptamer Oh Sik Kwon Woo-Ri Shin1, Sang-Hee Lee1, Ji-Young Ahn1, Jiho Min2, and Yang-Hoon Kim1* Major in Biological Science, College of Natural Science, Keimyung University 1Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 2Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University G024 Oxidation of Methane throuth Component Interactions G030 from Type II Methanotrophs Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Safety of Blood 1 1 1,2 Min Young Song , Eun Taek Seol , and Seung Jae Lee * Coagulation-related Plasma Products 1Department of Chemistry, Chonbuk National University 2Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chonbuk National University Jung Eun Bae, Eun Kyo Jeong, Dong Joo Yu, Da Jeong Kim, Jung Sun Jeong, Sang Eun Han, and In Seop Kim* Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology and Center for Biopharmaceuticals G025 Safety Validation, Hannam University Stability and Inactivation Mechanism of Porcine Parvovirus against High Temperature Treatment G031 Sang Eun Han1, Jung Eun Bae2, and In Seop Kim1* CTHRC1 Protein Binding RNA-aptamer Selection by SELEX 1Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Hannam University Hee-Young Cho1, Woo-Ri Shin1, Kyeong-Ah Lee1, Se Hee Lee1, 2BioPS Simranjeet Singh Sekhon1, Ji-Young Ahn1, Dae-Ghon Kim2, Jiho Min3, and Yang-Hoon Kim1* 1Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National G026 University, 2Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National 3 Biofunctionality and Bioconversion Activities of KA111 University, Graduate School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University (Pseudomonas fragi), KA115 (Bacillus methylotrophicu), KA182 (Bacillus subtilis), KA198 (Bacillus safensis), KA217 (Bacillus pumilus), KA222 (Bacillus licheniformis) G032 Sung-Ho Joo, Won Mun Kim, Kwang-Su Lee, and Ki-Sung Lee* Isolation and Identification of Strain for Saccharina japonica Department of Biology & Medicinal Sciences, Pai Chai University Fermentation Hyeon Song Oh and Youn Tae Chi* G027 School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University Bioconversion Efficiency in Accordance with the Substrate Concentrations G033 Sung-Ho Joo, Won Mun Kim, Kwang-Su Lee, and Ki-Sung Lee* Effect of Before and After Fermented Dendropanax Department of Biology & Medicinal Sciences, Pai Chai University morbifera Extract on HEK293 and PANC-1 Cells Ra Min Seo and Youn Tae Chi* G028 School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University Characterization and Validation of the Modified tuf Promoter to Develop the Efficienct Recombinant Protein G034 Expression Vector System for Lactococcus lactis IL1403 Comparing the Ingredients and Antioxidant Effects of Inseon Kim1,2, Jinduck Bok2, Sangkee Kang2, Chongsu Cho1, and Yunjaie Choi1* Dendropanax morbifera Fermentation Using Microorganism 1Department of Agricultural biotechnology, Seoul National University Ho Min Song, Sang Hoon Na, and Youn Tae Chi* 2 Institute of Green-Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University

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G035 G042 Isolation and Identification of Ground Microorganism to Proper Regulation of CBP7, a Calcium Binding Protein, is Find New Beneficial Microbial Agents Required for Development in Dictyostelium Jin Sung Kim and Youn Tae Chi* Dong-Yeop Shin and Taeck J. Jeon* School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University Department of Life Science & BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University

G036 G043 Screening and Application of Xylanase Producing Adaptive Engineering of a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon on Sphigobacterium sp. A10 Strain CO and Discovering the Underlying Mechanism by Sang Hoon Na and Youn Tae Chi* Multi-omics Analysis School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University Seong Hyuk Lee1,2, Min-Sik Kim3, Jae-Hak Lee1, Tae Wan Kim1,2, Seung Seob Bae1, Sung-Mok Lee1, Hae Chang Jung1,2, Tae-Jun Yang1, Ae Ran Choi1, Yong-Jun Cho4, Jung-Hyun Lee1,2, Kae Kyoung Kwon1,2, G037 Hyun Sook Lee1,2, and Sung Gyun Kang1,2* Dyeing Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Natural 1Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, 2Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, 3Korea Institute of Pigment from Marine Bacteria Energy Research, 4Chunlab, Inc. Ga Eun Lee and Jin Sook Park* Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University G044 Adaptive Evolution of a Hyperthermophilic Archaeon G038 Thermococcus onnurineus NA1 during Growth on Formate The Physicochemical Stabilities of Pigment Extracts from Hae-Chang Jung1,2, Seong Hyuk Lee1,2, Jung-Hyun Lee1,2, Erythrobacter sp. PPB2-8 Hyun Sook Lee1,2, and Sung Gyun Kang1,2* 1 Ga Eun Lee and Jin Sook Park* Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology 2Department of Marine Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University

G045 G039 DReS: A Direct Cloning Technique Using Bacteriophage Development of Home-made Gibson Assembly Enzymes for Recombination Systems Do It Yourself Biologists Kyoungwoo Jang, Linh Thuy Do, Hongjae Park, and In-Geol Choi* Jaewon Kim, Saeyoung Lee, Hongjae Park, Kyoungwoo Jang, and In-Geol Choi* Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea Department of Biotechnology, Korea Univeristy University

G040 G046 RapB Controls Cell Adhesion and Migration in Dictyostelium A Bacterial Cell-based Biosensor Using Bacterial-two Hybrid Byeonggyu Park and Taeck J. Jeon* System for the Detection of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Department of Life Science & BK21 – Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Su Hyun Ryu, Yoon Mo Yang, Yeh Eun Lee, and Jin Won Lee* Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University Department of Life Science and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University G041 Cytokinesis Defects of rapGAP9 null Cells are Rescued by G047 Expressing Truncated GAP-Domain Proteins Engineering Substrate Selectivity by Active-site Residues in ARa Lee and Taeck J. Jeon* Ferulic Acid Decarboxylase of Enterobacter sp. Px 6-4 by Department of Life Science & BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Site-saturation Mutagenesis Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University Sunil Ghatge, Youri Yang, and Hor-Gil Hur* School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology

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H001 H007 Antiviral Activity of Bisisomahanin from the Glycosmis Genetic Analyses of Sinonovacula constricta from Southern stenocarpa Coast of Korea Based on DNA Sequences of Mitochondrial Jang Hoon Kim1, Ju Yeon Yoon1, Seung Kook Choi1, Sun Jung Kwon1, Cytochrome Oxidase I Gene 1 2 1 In Sook Cho , Young Ho Kim , and Gug Seoun Choi * Mi Sun Kim, Ji Hee Lee, Joo Won Kang, Dae In Kim, and Chi Nam Seong* 1 Department of Horticultural Environment, National Institute of Horticultural Department of Biology, College of Life Science and Natural Resources, Sunchon 2 and Herbal Science, RDA, College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University National University

H002 H008 Marine Fungal Resource Bank Evaluation of Bacterial Community Composition of Commercial Animal Probiotics from Korea Using Brcoded Jae Young Park, Myung Soo Park, Ji Eun Eom, and Young Woon Lim* Pyrosequencing Seoul National University Baolei Jia, Hyo Jung Lee, and Che Ok Jeon* Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University H003 Pan-genomic Analysis of Lactobacillus salivarius Strains as H009 Anti-pathogenic Swine Probiotics A Phylogenic, Functional and Metabolic Analysis of Bacillus Jun-Yeong Lee1, Geon Goo Han1, Gwi-Deuk Jin2, Sang Mok Lee1, velezensis Using Pan Genome Yun-Jaie Choi1, and Eun Bae Kim2,3* Byung Hee Chun and Che Ok Jeon* 1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 2Department of Animal Life Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University University, 3Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University H010 Pan-genome Analysis of Leuconostoc mesenterides Reveals H004 Its Metabolic Capabilities and Diversities during Fermentation Development of Detection Method for Foodborne Hye Hee Jeon and Che Ok Jeon* Pathogens at Low Density on Fresh Produce Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University Sujin Yun, Jin-Woo Park, Jae-Gee Ryu, and Sanghyun Han* Microbial Safety Team, Department of Agri-Food Safety, National Institute of H011 Agricultural Sciences Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Eucalyptus globulus against Fish Pathogenic Bacteria H005 Joon-Woo Park, Mitchell Wendt, Sabrina Hossain, Relationship between the Microbiota in Different Sections Sudu Hakuruge Madusha Pramud Wimalasena, and Gang-Joon Heo* of the Gastrointestinal Tract, and the Body Weight of Broiler College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University Geon Goo Han1, Jinyoung Lee2, Jun-Yeong Lee1, Gwideuk Jin3, Jongbin Park4, Changsu Kong2, Eun Bae Kim3, and Yun-Jaie Choi1* H012 1 2 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Department Morphological Changes of MG-63 Cells by Fucoidan Treatment of Animal Science and Technology, Konkuk University, 3Department of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, 4Department of Animal Life System, Hyeseon Kim and Taeck J. Jeon* Kangwon National University Department of Life Science & BK21-Plus Research Team for Bioactive Control Technology, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University H006 H013 Prediction and Purification of Sesquiterpene Synthase from Wood Rot Fungus Effectiveness of Periodic Treatment of Quercetin against Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus Su-Yeon Lee, Jieun An, and MyungKil Kim* 1 2 2 3 National Institute of Forest Science Se-Young Cho , Yeong O Kim , Se Hyun Cho , Jong-Soon Choi , Joseph Kwon3, and Duwoon Kim1,2* 1Foodborne Virus Research Center, Chonnam National University 2Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University 3Korea Basic Science Institute

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H014 H020 A Functional Annotation System Based on Functionally Effects of Freeze-drying Feces on 16S rRNA Based Microbial Equivalent Protein/Domain Search Algorithm Community Analysis Dong Su Yu Jungman Kim, Nakwon Hwang, Mincheal Kim, National Institute of Ecology Son G. Nguyen, and Tatsuya Unno* Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University H015 Anti-Norovirus Activity from Natural Plant Extract Using a H021 Norovirus Surrogate System The Roles of Histone H3-K4 Methylation in Morphogenesis 1 1 2 2 Joo Bong Choi , Diana Soils Sanchez , Hee Jung Lee , In Sun Joo , of Candida albicans Jeong Su Lee2, and Sung-Joon Lee1* 1Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Jueun Kim and Jung-Shin Lee* Korea University Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon 2Food Microbiology Division, Food Safety Evaluation Department, National National University Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation

H022 H016 Histone Residues Play Important Roles for HM Silencing The Role of Sir2 in Oxidative Stress Response Changes Maintenance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Depending on the cAMP-PKA Signaling Soojin Yeom and Jung-Shin Lee* Yeong Hyeock Kim, Woo Sun Song, Woo Kyu Kang, and Jeong Yoon Kim* Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, College of Bioscience and National University Biotechnology, Chungnam National University

H023 H017 PAF1 Complex Directly Regulates H3K4 Methylation in Immunogenicity and Efficacy of VLP Forming Baculoviral Saccharomyces cerevisiae Vaccine against Influenza pdmH1N1 in BALB/c Mice Jun-Soo Oh and Jung-Shin Lee* Yong-Dae Gwon, Sehyun Kim, Yoonki Heo, Hansam Cho, Yeondong Cho, Molecualr Biochemistry Lab, Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Ki Hoon Park, Yuyeon Jang, Jong Kwang Yoon, Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University Hee-Jung Lee, and Young Bong Kim* Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University H024 Korea National Microorganisms Research Resource Center H018 Se Joung Yeom and Sang Seob Lee* Enhanced Immune Response for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Kyonggi University Virus Vaccine with Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor-flagellin Adjuvant Yu Yeon Jang1, Hansam Cho1, Yong-Dae Gwon1, Hanul Choi1, H025 1 1 2 Jaehyuck Heo , Gwonsung Joo , Joong-Bok Lee , Center for Fungal Genetic Resources (CFGR): Housing Plant Jiwon Choi1, and Young Bong Kim1* Pathogenic Fungi for Educational and Research Purposes 1Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, 2Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University Yeo Kyoung Yoon and Yong-Hwan Lee* Center for Fungal Genetic Resources, Seoul National University

H019 Chronic Repression of mTOR Complex 2 Alters the Composition H026 of the Gut Microbiota in Diet-induced Obese Mice Korean Metagenome Bank for Exploiting Microbial Diversity Mi-Ja Jung, Jina Lee, Min-Soo Kim, Dong-Wook Hyun, Na-Ri Shin, Jung-Hoon Yoon Ji-Hyun Yun, Pil Soo Kim, Tae Woong Whon, and Jin-Woo Bae* Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University

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H027 H032 Microbial Carbohydrate Resource Bank (MCRB) Lichen as a Novel Bioresources in Korea Seunho Jung Young Jin Koh and Jae-Seoun Hur* Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Microbial Carbohydrate Resource Korean Lichen Research Institute, Sunchon National University Bank(MCRB) & Center for Biotechnology Research in UBITA (CBRU), Konkuk University H033 H028 Korean Collection for Oral Microbiology Bacteriophagebank Soon-Nang Park, Yun Kong Lim, Eojin Jo, and Joong-Ki Kook* Department of Oral Biochemisty, School of Dentistry, Chosun University KyoungEun Cha and Heejoon Myung* Dept. of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies H034 H029 Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes Korea Mushroom Resource Bank Hyunjin Hong, Hakmi Lee, Minyoung Lee, Yeonhee Lee, and Eunju Shin* Culture Collection of Antimicrobial Resistant Microbes, Department of Biology, Jae Young Park, Nam Kyu Kim, Hey Young Choi, Mi Jin So, and Young Woon Lim* Seoul Women’s University Seoul National University

H035 H030 Korea Environmental Microorganisms Bank Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses Yong Jin Kim and Sang Seob Lee* Ki-Joon Song Research Center Kyonggi University Korea Bank for Pathogenic Viruses

H031 Plant Virus GenBank Ki Hyun Ryu Dept. of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture

198 | www.msk.or.kr The 5th Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-01

Sporosarcina pasteurii 유전자 도입 형질전환 토양세균을 이용한 토양 내 수분 보유 능력 개선 및 식물 생장 촉진 효과

박상윤, Deerfield Academy 팀명: Big Green / 지도교사: Ivory Hills

S. pasteurii는 생물의 광물화(bio-mineralization)를 할 수 있는 포자 형성성 비병원성 세균이다. 이 세균의 이와 같은 독특한 능력이 최근에서야 발견됨으로써 이러한 특성을 적용할 수 있는 분야는 여전히 미개척 상태이다. 생물 학적 건축자재로 인공 시멘트 보강제로서 S. pasteurii를 상업적으로 적용하는 예는 있지만, 토양의 보수력을 개선하 는 능력에 대한 증명은 아직 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 S. pasteurii이 토양 결속력을 높인다는 사실에 착안하여 건조기 토양 내 보수력을 개선시켜 물 부족은 완화시킬 수 있는 지에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 이와 유사한 특성을 가진 다른 토양 세균도 있는 지 선발하였다. 먼저, 토양 세균 중 우레아를 포함한 TSA 배지에서 생존하는 것들만 선발한 후 S. pasteurii와 선발된 다른 토양 세균은 우레아를 포함한 TSB 배지에서 액상 배양되었으며, 동일 한 농도로 조절하여 양배추 씨앗이 심겨져 있는 토양에 접종하였다. 그 토양에서 자란 양배추 싹의 길이와 엽록소 a, b를 측정하였으며, 토양 내 보수력은 1 ml씩 물을 토양에 추가하면서 새어 나오는 양을 측정하는 방법으로 진행 되었다. 잔디의 생존력을 측정하기 위하여 같은 농도의 세균 용액을 잔디에 더하였고 건조 상태에서 9일간 관찰하 였다. 실험결과, S. pasteurii는 TSA, TSB 등 우레아를 함유한 다양한 종류의 배지에서 배양이 가능하였으며 토양 내 수분 보유 능력을 가장 증가시켰다. 하지만 엽록소 a와 b 생산량은 낮아 식물 생장에는 도움이 되지 않는 다는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 수분보유 능력이 비교적 양호하고 식물 생장에 도움을 주는 토양 세균 d를 선발하였으며, 16S rRNA 방법으로 DNA의 염기서열을 분석하고 BLASN 테스트를 한 결과 선발된 세균이 Bacillus pumilus라는 것을 확인하였다. S. pasteurii의 plasmid DNA를 heat shock transformation 방법을 이용하여 삽입하였다. 이렇게 형질 전환된 새로운 세균 d-S. pasteurii를 토양에 넣고 건조 환경에서 양배추 씨앗을 발아시키고 싹을 길러본 결과 엽록소가 B. pumilus를 넣고 기른 양배추보다 많았으며 토양 보수력도 상당히 증가시켰다. 결론적으로, 본 연구를 통해 S. pasteurii가 생산하는 탄산칼슘이 토양을 결집시켜 보수력을 증가시킨 다는 것을 증명하였으며 식물 생장에 도움을 주는 기존의 토양 세균에 이들 유전자를 도입하여 형질전환 세균을 만들었을 때 두 세균의 장점을 모두 가질 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

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HS-02

청색광에서의 IAA(Indol 3-Acetate Acid)분해 및 활성산소소거능에 의한 땀세균 억제 효과

이승은, 서울국제고등학교 팀명: Blue I / 지도교사: Chirs Koester

땀이 발생하면 세균에 의해 지방산과 암모니아가 생성되고 이로 인해 악취가 운동복, 장비에서 나게되며 불쾌감 과 세균 번식이 일어나게 된다. 이를 청색광이 옥신을 분해시킬 때 발생하는 활성산소를 이용해 땀 발생 세균을 억제시켜 악취를 제거할 수 있는 지 확인하였다. 먼저 청색광에 의해 옥신이 분해되고 활성산소가 생성되는 지 확인 한 결과 옥신의 색이 옅어졌으며, 생성된 활성산소에 의해 활성산소 소거능이 10% 감소하였다. 이 결과를 이용해 땀 세균에 처리할 경우 자외선을 조사할 때 보다 0.027A 만큼의 세균이 덜 발생하였고 대장균과 살모넬라와 같은 병원균에 대해서는 살모넬라의 억제 효과는 거의 없었지만 대장균은 효과적으로 억제하였다. 또한 옥신이 청색광에 변색되지 않는 농도인 100ppm 을 하키선수 장갑에 분무할 경우 처리하지 않았을 때 보다 3배 정도의 효과를 보이 는 것으로 나타났다.

HS-03

식물공장의 세균과 곰팡이에 대한 오염을 해결하기 위한 방안에 대하여

천승재, Oakridge Secondary School 팀명: FRESH / 지도교사: Ms. McCready

식물공장에서 사용하는 영양배지인 MS (Murashige-Skoog 배지) 배지는 식물의 생장을 촉진하지만 동시에 해로 운 세균과 식물의 생장을 억제하는 곰팡이의 증식을 가져온다. 이를 해결하기 위해 건강한 토양에서 분리 배양한 토양박테리아를 MS (Murashige-Skoog 배지) 배지에 투여하고 대장균으로 배지를 오염 시킨 결과 대장균으로 오염 된 배지에서 생장한 식물은 보통 잎과 줄기가 대장균으로 오염되는데, 토양 박테리아가 투여된 경우에는 이러한 오염이 현저하게 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 곰팡이의 경우 항산화 제인 프로폴리스를 사용하여 MS (Murashige-Skoog 배지)에 곰팡이 포자를 접종 한 결과 곰팡이의 생장이 크게 억제되어 식물이 정상적으로 생장 할 수 있었다. 이 두 가지 실험결과를 접목하여 토양박테리아와 프로폴리스로 처리한 MS(Murashige-Skoog 배지)배지는 곰팡이의 증식을 억제하고 동시에 대장균에 의한 식물의 오염을 막을 수 있다는 실험결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

www.msk.or.kr | 201 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-04

옻나무(Rhus trichocarpa)와 자작나무(Betula platyphylla var. japonica) 추출물의 항균활성 및 천연 보존료 개발 가능성 탐구

이수민, 김윤정, 이사벨고등학교 팀명: No-아질산염 / 지도교사: 김유강

가공육의 보존료로 사용되는 아질산염은 체내에서 아민과 결합하여 니트로사민이라는 발암물질을 만든다. 따라서 아질산염을 대체할 수 있는 천연 항균제의 개발을 위해 옻나무와 자작나무 추출물의 항균활성을 알아보았다. 그 결과 옻나무와 자작나무 추출물은 Salmonella typhimurium에는 항균활성이 없었으나 E. coli와 S. aureus에는 항균활성을 보였다. E. coli와 S. aureus에 대한 옻나무 추출물의 최소저해농도는 0.25 mg/ml와 0.5 mg/ml였고, 자작나무 추출물 의 최소저해농도는 0.5 mg/ml와 1.0 mg/ml였다. 또한, 옻나무와 자작나무 추출물은 pH에도 안정적이었으며, 열처리 에서도 항균활성이 나타났다. 옻나무와 자작나무 추출물을 실제 돼지고기에 넣어 균의 증식 억제 효과가 있는 지 알아본 결과, 균수의 증식이 10∼102 CFU/ml로 억제되었다. 이를 통해 옻나무와 자작나무 추출물은 아질산염을 대 체할 가능성을 보였다.

HS-05

로돕신 발현으로 인공적인 광영양성을 획득한 대장균의 실험실내 적응진화

김 현, 하나고등학교 팀명: Photo Evolution / 지도교사: 최호진

인공적인 광영양성 특성을 획득한 절대 화학영양성 대장균(Escherichia coli)이 어떤 진화적 변화와 대사적 변화가 일어날 수 있는지를 거시적으로 알기 위해, 광영양성 시아노박테리아인 Gloeobacter 유래의 로돕신(GR) 유전자를 발현 하는 부모세대 대장균(PT)을 1-W LED 전구로 상시 빛이 조사되는 배양기에서 적응진화를 위한 연속배양을 수행하였 다(1 g/L 포도당을 포함하는 최소배지, 37°C, 생장속도 μ=0.1 h-1). 304세대 이후의 후손 세포들은 부모세대의 전형적인 rod 모양(1~2 μm)과 구별되는 특징적으로 길어진 형태로 전자현미경 사진으로 관찰되었고, 후손 세포집단의 49.4%는 5 μm 이상의 길이를 갖는 개체들이었다. 후손 세포집단 중 8 μm-필터 용지에 걸러진 세포들은 1 g/L 포도당을 포함하

는 최소배지와 빛조사 조건에서 배양하면 포도당 소비량 당 생체량 수율이 0.60 ± 0.02 g-dried cell weight/g-consumed glucose으 로, 부모세대 대장균(PT)이 보인 세포수율(0.55 ± 0.02 g/g)보다 9% 증가했다. 수율변화의 이유로 탄소원에 대한 조절 이 후손세대에서 더 효율적으로 변화했을 것으로 가정하고 그 실마리 찾기 위해, 후손세대 집단에서 분리한 2종의 단일 콜로니 유래의 후손세포가 젖당 배지에서의 생장 중에 PEP를 첨가하여 유당가수분해효소의 유전자(β-galactosidase, lacZ) 전사변화를 추적하여, 부모세대 대장균의 조절양식과는 유의성 있는 차이를 보임을 확인하였다. 수율변화의 다른 이유는 후손세대 집단에서 분리한 2종의 단일세포에서 나타난 유전체의 변화에 대하여 토론한다.

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HS-06

애벌레를 이용한 플라스틱 분해 세균 연구

김현아, 김하연, 하나고등학교 팀명: 라바(larva) / 지도교사: 최호진

버펄로웜, 밀웜, 슈퍼밀웜, 굼벵이, 장수풍뎅이 애벌레, 사슴벌레 애벌레 등 여러 애벌레를 이용해 여러 폴리머의 분해 가능성을 알아 보았다. 밀웜류의 스티로폼 분해를 확인할 수 있었다. 이들의 장내미생물을 분리해 린코신, 반 코진, 사이톱신, 테라싸이클린, 셉트린, 겐타마이신 등 6가지 항생제로 항균효과를 확인했다. 그 결과 사이톱신에 의한 항균 효과 및 항생제에 의한 분해속도 변화가 가장 크게 나타났다. 기존 겐타마이신에 의해 높은 항균 효과를 보였던 Yu Yang (2015)의 결과와 달리 퀴놀론계 항생제인 사이톱신에 의한 스티로폼 분해 저해 효과가 더 크게 나타난 것으로 보아 다른 스티로폼 분해 세균의 존재 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. Exiguobacterium sp. strain YT2 외에 또 다른 스티로폼 분해 세균의 존재한다면 밀웜의 외부에서 스티로폼 분해 세균으로 지목된 Exiguobacterium sp.에 의한 분해가 적게 일어난 이유를 설명할 수 있다고 생각된다.

HS-07

밭 수확량 증대를 위한 미생물 생장에 최적화된 석회비료 개발

김다솔, 김지윤, 류혜지, 임재웅, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: 말달리자 / 지도교사: 이향선

대부분의 농경지는 연작과 화학비료의 사용으로 인해 산성화되고 있는 추세이다. 농부는 이러한 토질 개선을 위 해 석회비료를 사용한다. 석회비료는 토양을 개선해 주어 밭 수확량을 증대시키는 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 석회 비료가 토양미생물의 생장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주로 사용되는 3종류의 석회비료가 토양미생물 생장에 미치는 영향과 식물 생장에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 3종류의 석회가 대표적인 5종의 토양미생물 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 UV/vis spectrophotometer를 이 용하여 흡광도를 측정한 후 생장률을 비교하였다. 그 결과 생석회 > 고토석회 > 황산석회 순으로 생장률이 높게 측정되었다. 고체 배지에서 배양한 결과 또한 생석회가 가장 많이 생장하였고 황산석회는 거의 생장하지 않았다. 위 실험을 바탕으로 산성화 시킨 토양에 석회를 직접 뿌려 석회가 식물 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 그 결과 대부분의 식물군에서 CaO (생석회)나 혹은 CaO (생석회)와 다른 석회를 혼합한 토양에서 높은 발아율을 보였다. 특히, CaO (생석회) 100%에서는 모든 식물에서 공통적으로 가장 높은 발아율을 나타냈다. 우리는 본 연구를 통하여 석회가 토양 미생물과 식물의 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 전체적으로 생석회가 미생물 생장에 유리한 환경을 제공하였고, 이는 식물 생장에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 토양 산성화를 해결하면서 미생물 생장, 더 나아가 식물 생장에 가장 유익한 석회비료를 개발하는 것이 연구의 목적이다. 이로 인해 작게는 한 밭 토양에서 식물의 생장을 도울 수 있을 것이고, 넓게 본다면 황폐해진 토양에 이 비료를 뿌림으로써 토양을 더 비옥하게 만들고, 후에 식물의 천이에도 영향을 미쳐 현재 인류가 겪고 있는 사막화문제, 인구 개체 수 증가에 의한 식량 부족 문제 등을 해결 할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

www.msk.or.kr | 203 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-08

토양 미생물 분석을 통한 아미그달린 분해능 탐구

박재희, 윤도현, 김민석, 박시현, 광주과학고등학교 팀명: 복숭아 / 지도교사: 김영준

복숭아 씨앗 내에 포함된 아미그달린은 시안배당체의 일종으로 아미그달린이 가수분해 되어 생성되는 시안화수 소산은 사람을 치사에 이르게 한다. 본 연구는 이러한 맹독성 물질이 미생물에 의한 분해가 가능할 것이라고 예상하 여, 복숭아가 자생하는 토양에 서식하는 균을 이용하여 아미그달린 분해능을 알아 보고자 하였다. 토양시료에서 아 미그달린에 내성이 있는 균주 14종을 동정 및 순수 분리 하였다. 순수분리 된 균주를 아미그달린이 포함된 전세포 반응 용액에서 반응시킨 후 HPLC로 아미그달린 분해능을 정량적으로 확인하였다. HPLC 측정 결과 7번 미생물에 서 유의적인 값을 얻을 수 있었으며 이를 통해 복숭아 자생 토양에서 자라는 미생물이 아미그달린 분해에 사용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 더 나아가 용해도가 매우 낮으며 종자 주변에 국소적으로 존재하는 아미그달린의 특성을 고려해 종자 표면을 분해할 수 있는 곰팡이를 대상으로 실험을 진행한다면 보다 본 실험의 목적에 도달할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

HS-09

토양의 종류에 따른 토양 세균의 탈염 기능 분석과 이를 적용한 음식물 쓰레기 친환경 퇴비 개발에 관한 연구

정진운, 한성과학고 팀명: 음쓰 / 지도교사: 정진운

음식물쓰레기를 퇴비로 재활용하기 위해서는 염분량을 줄여야 한다. 이에 탈염효과가 뛰어난 토양 미생물을 활 용하여 친환경적인 음식물쓰레기 퇴비제작법을 개발하고자 하였다. 상토, 갯벌 토양으로부터 토양세균을 채집하고 배양하여 염도변화를 측정한 결과 음식물 쓰레기 퇴비화에는 염도를 줄일 수 있는 상토세균이 더 적합하다고 판단하였다. 상토 세균들을 액체 배지 상태로 만든 후 염도변화를 측정하고, 탈염기능이 뛰어난 세균 P. putida와 B. cereus를 동정하여 인체에 무해함을 밝혔다. 이후 동정한 세균을 음식물쓰레기 에 넣고 발효하여 퇴비를 제작하고, 상추를 재배할 때 퇴비로 사용하였다. 상추의 발아 수, 발아 길이, 엽록소 양, 토양 온도 등을 확인하여 제작한 음식물쓰레기퇴비의 실용성을 검증하였고, 질석에 상토 세균 자체를 섞어 발효시키는 방법 이 가장 미생물의 양을 잘 보존하며 식물의 생장에 적합하다는 결론을 내렸다. 아울러 퇴비에서 발생하는 침출수의 오염도를 측정한 결과 일반 음식물쓰레기 침출수가 야기하는 환경오염 문제를 일부 감소시킨다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 음식물 쓰레기의 재 사용률을 높여 환경문제를 해결하고, 화학비료를 대체함으로써 토양 산성화 문제를 막을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

204 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-10

자생지별로 분리된 춘란의 난 근균근(Orchid Mycorrihizal Fungi)이 병원균과 자생지에 서식하는 토양미생물과 춘난 뿌리에 주는 영향

남윤성, 홍천고등학교 팀명: 홍천미생물탐구팀 / 지도교사: 신은주

난은 주변 환경에 민감해 푸사리움과 같은 곰팡이가 뿌리를 감염시켜 뿌리가 마른 상태로 부패하는 근부병, 뿌리 가 붉은 갈색으로 변하는 뿌리 썩음 병 등에 걸린다. 때문에 영양제와 농약을 처리하지만 양조절이 어렵다. 따라서 난 뿌리와 공생관계에 있는 난균을 이용해 곰팡이억제 및 뿌리의 생장을 증가시킬 수 있는 지 확인해 보았다. 그 결과 군집이 흰색이며, 솜털과 목화솜형태로 배양된 난균은 작물곰팡이 자체를 억제시키는 것보다는 먼저 우위를 점하고 있어 다른 곰팡이의 접근을 막아줄 수 있었다. 또한 자생지 5곳에서 배양된 난균은 처음 배양한 난균과 비슷 하였고, 자생지의 토양미생물과는 서로 생장에 큰 영향을 주지 않았다. 마지막으로 난균을 난 뿌리 주변에 처리할 경우 뿌리의 starch와 cellulose 함량을 증가시켜 뿌리의 세포벽을 강하게 해주었으며, 그 대신 뿌리에서 sucrose가 분해되어 생성된 glucose와 fructose를 난균이 흡수하는 것으로 나타났다.

HS-11

온도변화에 따른 향신료의 Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli에 대한 항균효과

나지윤, 청심국제고등학교 팀명: Arabia Eudamon / 지도교사: 김정석

향신료의 항균효능은 많은 연구들을 통해서 밝혀져 왔지만, 온도 변화에 따라서 향신료들의 유효성분의 항균효 능이 어떻게 변화할지 의문이 생겨 연구하게 되었다. 향신료에 함유된 유효성분은 물을 용매로 사용한 속슬렛 추출 방법을 통해 추출하였고, 농축 및 동결건조 후 물에 녹여 사용하였다. 각 시료는 수조에서 25°C, 50°C, 75°C, 100°C로 15분간 열처리 후, 식히고 각각 0.25 mg/ml, 0.5 mg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml 농도로 희석하여 사용하였다. Inhibition clear zone 의 지름을 측정한 항균 실험 결과, 그람음성 균주인 대장균에는 항균효과가 나타나지 않았으며, 그람양성 균주인 황색포도상구균과 세레우스균에는 4 mg/ml의 농도에서만 항균효과를 보였다. 열처리하지 않은 고추 추출물, 100°C 열처리한 마늘 추출물, 75°C 열처 리한 생강 추출물과 후추 추출물의 항균력이 높게 나타났다. 위 실험 결과를 바탕으로 열을 가해야하는 탕류 음식을 요리할 때에는 음식이 식어감에 따라서 마늘, 생강, 후추, 고추 순으로 첨가한다면 향신료들의 항균기능적인 면에서 는 더 효과적일 것이라고 제안한다.

www.msk.or.kr | 205 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-12

아무르 불가사리(Asterias amurensis) 추출물의 항생 및 항균 효과에 대한 연구

홍승희, 노예림, 최혜민, 인천진산과학고등학교 팀명: Asterias / 지도교사: 김우태

본 연구는 경기도 화성시 우정읍 국화리에 속해있는 국화도에서 아무르 불가사리 10마리를 채취하여 추출하는 것을 시작으로 하여 아무르 불가사리의 다양한 생리활성 능력을 파악하여 불가사리를 활용할 수 있는 방안을 마련 하는 것을 목적으로 진행되었다. 추출물 제조 이후에는 항생, 항균 능력이 있는지 알아보는 방법으로 Paper disc method를 이용하였으며 미생물 생장 억제 능력도 있는지 알아보는 실험을 진행하였다. 항균 항생 활성이 있는지 알아보기 위해 사용한 미생물을 우리 주위에서 쉽게 접할 수 있는 이, 피부, 핸드폰 등과 같은 곳에서 미생물을 배양하여 그람 염색과 SDAC 선택배지를 통해 분류하여 사용하였다. 그 결과 이와 빵에서 채취한 미생물 종류에서 미약한 항균활성이 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있었고, 미생물 생장 억제 여부는 생식소 추출물에서 5개 균에서 생장 억제 효과를 볼 수 있었다.

HS-13

망간 산화 미생물을 이용한 새로운 미생물 전지 개발

천성우, 전유진, 천수범, 최민기, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: Keraunos / 지도교사: 이향선

망간 산화 미생물(MOB)인  균주를 이용하여 다니엘 전지를 이용한 전기 발생에 관한 탐구를 진행하였다. MOB를 LB배지에 일정량 배양을 시킨 후 온도, pH, MOB 주입량에 따라서 변인통제를 하여 실험하였다. (-)전극 쪽에는 와 를 넣어서 전자를 주게 하고, (+)전극 쪽에는 , ,  와 를 넣어서 전자를 받게 하였고, 가운데에는 염다리()를 넣어서 분극현상을 없애주었다. 는 염기성 환경에서 주로 활동하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 위의  는  → 반응 을 이용하여 전기를 생산하는 우리 실험에서 변인 를 통제하기 위하여 종류별로 사용하였다. 본 실험에서는  인터페이스의 전압센서를 전압 검출에 이용하였으며, 실시간으로 측정하였다. 또한, 전압 효율 계산식을 이용하여 최대 효율을 발휘할 수 있는 변인들을 찾아서 가장 큰 전압을 생산해낼 수 있는 상황을 추정하였다. 현재 연구 되고 있는 미생물 전지는 모두 간접 미생물 전지로 미생물의 활동으로 인하여 발생하는 전자를 이용하 여 전기를 생산해내는 방식이다. 그러나 우리가 실험한 미생물 전지는 미생물의 활동이 직접적으로 발전하는데 영 향을 주는 직접 미생물 전지이다. 아직 연구되지 않은 직접 미생물 전지 탐구를 통해 간접 미생물 전지를 이용하였 을 때보다 높은 효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 우리는 직접 미생물 전지의 하나의 방법을 스스로 개발하여 더 좋은 성능의 전지를 만들 수 있다는 가능성을 얻었다.

206 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-14

생물독소를 이용한 김치유산균과 유제품 유산균의 업그레이드 -장까지 살아서가라!!!-

조서원, 은광여자고등학교 팀명: L.A.B / 지도교사: 임덕린

김치유산균과 비교하여 낮은 pH와 저온, 다른 세균의 독소에 대한 저항력, 그리고 과산화수소의 생성과 과산화수소에 대한 저항성, 항생제에 대한 저항성이 크게 부족한 발효유에 존재하는 유산균을 분리 배양하여 24개의 유산균 주를 확보하 였고 이들을 대장균의 독소에 적응력을 가지게 하고, 프로바이오틱스기법으로 김치유산균의 파쇄물이 존재하는 배양배지 에서 배양을 실시하여 김치유산균과 비슷한 능력을 가지는 3종류의 유산균 주를 분리 배양 할 수 있었다. 이들을 이용하여 김치를 제조한 경우에도 김치의 숙성 후 채취한 유산균들이 낮은 pH와 저온, 그리고 다른 세균의 독소에 대한 저항력, 그리고 과산화수소의 생성과 과산화수소에 대한 저항성, 항생제에 대한 저항성이 증가한 유산균임을 확인 할 수 있었다.

HS-15

자성이 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum에 미치는 영향 및 활용방안 탐구

권영광, 이준희, 최지훈, 이승준, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: Magneto / 지도교사: 이향선

주자성 세균은 지구 자기장에 반응하는 미생물이다. 이 세균은 내부에 마그네토솜(Magnetosome)이라는 자철석이 있어서 자성을 띤다. 우리는 주자성 세균의 이러한 특징을 활용하여 자성이 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum이라는 주자성 세균에 미치는 영향 및 활용 방안에 대해 여러 가지 탐구를 해보았다. 첫째, Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum 에 자기장을 걸어 주게 되면 자기력선에 의해 영향을 받아 번식속도에 영향을 받을 것이고 그 결과 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum의 배열에도 영향을 받을 것이라고 예상하여, 자기장 세기에 따른 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum의 증 식속도 변화 및 배열상태를 분석했다. 기대했던 것과 달리 자기장에 의한 생장 속도의 변화는 거의 나타나지 않았지만, 생장이 아닌 철분의 포착 같은 다른 기능에 영향을 주었을 가능성을 생각해 볼 수 있다. 둘째, 미세물질(철가루)과 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum을 배양한 배지를 함께 넣으면 자기장을 띠는 미생물에 의해 미세물질의 위치가 변 할 것이라고 예상하여, Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum을 이용한 미세 물질의 이동을 측정했다. Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum을 배양한 배지는 그렇지 않은 배지에서보다 철가루가 유동적으로 이동했으며 이를 활용하면 미세물질 을 원하는 위치로 이동시킬 수 있는 장치를 만들수 있다. 셋째, Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum에 부착된 미세 철가루와 짚신벌레가 함께 있다면 진핵생물이 미생물을 섭취할 때 철가루가 함께 섭취가 될 것이라고 예상하여, Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum로 의한 짚신벌레의 표지 방안에 대해 탐구했다. 철가루를 부착시킨 Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum 과 짚신벌레를 함께 배양한 후 자기장을 걸어주어 짚신벌레 분리도를 관찰한 결과 기존의 생물 표지 방식을 개선할 수 있다는 가능성을 얻었다. 우리는 주자성 세균을 이용한 다양한 실험 결과를 통해 활용 방안을 제시했다. 추후 고자기장 실험 환경 같은 여러 요인들을 고안하여 추가 실험을 실시하고, 실제로 활용할 수 있는 구체적인 방안을 알아보고자 한다.

www.msk.or.kr | 207 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-16

배양 환경에 따른 Monascus ruber의 색소 생산량 탐구

이상원, 성지환, 이준석, 이창호, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: MONA / 지도교사: 이향선

우리 팀은 최근 인공 색소의 유해성과 발암성이 밝혀지면서 천연 색소에 대한 관심과 기대가 높아지고 있다는 것을 알았다. 따라서 인공 색소를 대체할 수 있고, 의학, 염색 등 다양한 분야에서 사용되어지고 있는 천연 색소를 보다 효율적으로 생산할 수 있는 조건을 찾기 위해서 탐구를 진행하였다. 인체에 안전한 색소를 생산하는 것으로 알려진 홍국균의 일종인 Monascus ruber를 이용하여 여러가지 환경 변인에 따른 색소의 생산량을 측정하고 가장 생산량이 많은 조건을 찾아보았다. 균주를 일정량 Lin’ Medium 배지에 접종하여 배양시키고 pH, 접종량, 빛, 소리 에 따른 영향을 파악하기 위해서 각각의 변인을 통제하여 실험을 진행하였다. 색소의 양을 측정하는 데에는 uv/vis spectrophotometer를 이용하였으며 2일에 1번 간격으로 측정을 실시하였다. 초기 PDB 배지에의 배양을 통해 질소와 인산의 존재가 생산량에 영향을 끼친다는 것을 알았으며, 시간이 지나면 서 배지의 색이 붉어지는 것을 육안으로 확인했다. 측정한 흡광도값을 바탕으로 할 때 Monascus ruber이 약한 산성 또는 염기성에서 중성보다 높은 생성률을 보였으며, 접종량을 다르게 했을 때 초기에 다양한 값을 보였으나 최종적 으로는 값이 비슷해지는 경향을 보였고 0.2 mL를 접종했을 때 가장 생성률이 높았다. 빛을 비추었을 때 색에 따라 생성량이 달라지는 것을 확인하였으며 청색에서 가장 생성률이 높았다. 흡광도 측정을 진행할 때 초기에 일부 배지에서 10,000 rpm에서 원심분리 시켜도 가라앉지 않는 작은 입자들이 있었는데 이것이 흡광도의 측정 시에 측정값을 높여 오차를 크게 만드는 역할을 하는 것으로 보인다. 더 높은 rpm 에서 더 오랜 시간 원심분리 함으로써 이 문제를 해결하면 더 정확한 값을 측정할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 다른 환경 변인을 통한 실험 결과와 이 실험결과를 이용해서 발효 시간이 필요한 홍국쌀을 최적 조건에서 배양을 함으로써 홍국쌀을 만드는데 필요한 발효시간을 단축시키고 효율을 증대시켜 현재보다 더 많은 양을 생산할 수 있도록 할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 다른 균주에서도 최적의 생산 조건을 찾음으로써 색소 생산량을 증대시킴으로서 의학용으로 사용되어지고 있는 다양한 색소의 보급을 용이하게 하고 인공 색소를 대체할 천연 색소를 더 많이 생산할 수 있게 만들어 줄 것이다.

208 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-17

쥐 장내 미생물의 개체 수 변화를 통한 황토의 식용 가능성 탐구

정현지, 윤소희, 송종민, 동패고등학교 팀명: OCHER / 지도교사: 송석환

흙속의 효소에 대한 연구 자료에 따르면 황토 한 스푼에는 약 2억 마리의 미생물이 살아있다고한다. 또한 황토는 건축 자재, 화장품, 전통 약품 등 다양한 방면에서 유용하게 쓰인다. 하지만 황토 특유의 장점에도 불구하고 황토를 식품으로 개발한다는 논문 자료는 거의 없었고, 황토를 투여하였을 때, 쥐의 장내미생물의 개체 수 변화 과정을 본 연구는 없었다. 이를 바탕으로, 흰 쥐에게 황토를 급여해 장내 유익균과 유해균의 개체 수 변화를 조사하여 황토의 식용 가능성을 알아보 았다. 또, 황토의 열처리 유무가 쥐 장내미생물에 끼치는 영향을 알아보았다. 실험Ⅰ에서 황토의 멸균여부를 달리하여 쥐 변 원액을 도말한 배지에 disc 확산법을 적용한 결과 멸균하지 않은 황토의 미생물이 LB 배지의 균을 우점하고 MRS 배지의 유산균 생장을 덜 저해시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 실험Ⅱ에서 황토물의 농도를 달리하여 실험Ⅰ과 마찬가지로 실험한 결과 0.0005%의 농도가 가장 유산균의 생장을 덜 저해시키는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 실험Ⅲ에서는 흰 쥐에게 황토물 을 직접 음수 투여해 변을 희석 도 말한 결과 대장균의 수는 증가하였으나 전체적인 유해 장내 미생물의 수는 감소하였고, 유산균 두종의 수가 증가한 것으로 보아, 황토는 장 건강에 도움을 주고 식용 가능성이 어느 정도 있다고 판단하였다.

HS-18

스테비아 발효액을 활용한 볏짚 사일리지 첨가제 개발

윤이성, 세종과학예술영재학교 팀명: SEMA (Stevia EM Appliers) / 지도교사: 권영식

예전에는 벼농사 후 남는 볏짚을 불에 태우거나 다시 논에 썰어 넣는 등 거름용으로 주로 활용해왔지만 최근 10년 간 볏짚은 소먹이용으로 생산되기 시작하였다. 수입 조사료에 비하여 가격이 월등히 저렴하기 때문에 많은 축산농가 들이 소먹이용으로 활용하고 있다. 그러나 최근 농약이 묻은 볏짚을 먹고 49마리의 소가 집단 폐사하는 안타까운 사연 이 보도된 바 있다. 한 중 FTA 체결 등 가뜩이나 어려운 농촌환경에서 축산 농가 및 볏짚을 생산하는 업체모두 견디기 힘든 소식이 아닐 수 없을 것으로 생각이 든다. 또한 소고기를 즐겨먹는 식생활 변화로 인하여 언제 어디서든 이러한 농약들을 간접적으로 섭취하게 된다고 생각하니 안전성에 대한 의문이 들었다. 이를 계기로 볏짚 생산시 잔류농약을 효과적으로 제거하기 위한 방법에 대해서 인터넷 검색을 진행해본 결과 스테비아의 발효액이 잔류농약 제거에 탁월할 것으로 생각이 들어서 이를 직접 실험을 하게 되었다. 놀랍게도 스테비아 발효액을 반응시킬 경우 기존의 상용발효액 에 비해 살충제의 주성분인 Fenobucarb의 함량이 전혀 검출되지 않았음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 스테비아 발효액 성분이 잔류농약성분을 제거하였기 때문으로 풀이된다. 이 결과는 스테비아의 잔류농약 제거 효능에 대한 입증뿐만 아니라 앞으로 볏짚을 생산할 경우 스테비아 발효액을 활용한다면 잔류농약에 대한 걱정없이 안전한 소먹이가 탄생될 것으로 기대된다. 또한 이를 통해 국내 한우 섭취에 대하여 믿고 안전하게 이용할 수 있는 계기가 될 것으로 기대된다.

www.msk.or.kr | 209 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-19

폐식용유에서 분리한 지방분해효소 생산균이 에어퍼프의 오염도에 미치는 영향

이지수, 이정아, 초당고등학교 팀명: TOB / 지도교사: 류진아

본 연구에서는 폐식용유에서 지방분해효소 생산균을 추출하고, 지방분해효소 활성측정을 통해 지방분해효소 생 산균의 효율성을 입증하였다. 배양시간, 배양액의 PH, 배양액에 첨가된 지방의 종류별로 변인 통제를 설정해 지방 분해효소 생산균의 배양최적조건을 확인하였다. 또한, 피부 미용 및 환경에 악영향을 미친다고 알려진 에어퍼프의 미생물 오염도를 측정하는 실험을 통해 현재 위생 상태를 파악하고, 이를 지방분해효소 생산균이 포함된 일반세정제로 에어퍼프를 세척하여 지방을 분해 정도를 파악하며 일반 세정제보다 지방분해효소 생산균이 포함된 세정제가 에어퍼프에 포함된 얼굴의 피지 성분을 분해하 는 데 효과적이라는 결과를 입증하였다.

HS-20

유산균과 생약(식물추출물)의 항균력을 이용한 기능성 저염간장연구

이용준, 민족사관고등학교 팀명: Two Dragons / 지도교사: 나종욱

간장은 한식요리에 거의 대부분 첨가되는 우리나라의 대표 양념 중의 하나이다. 염도를 조절하고 특유의 향과 맛으로 음식의 맛을 감칠나게 해 주는 것으로 많이 사용되지만, 국물요리와 찌개 등이 많은 우리나라의 식단에 다량 첨가되다 보니 염도가 높다는 단점이 있다. 이에 건강에 영향을 크게 미치지 않으며 영양이나 맛에도 변함이 없는 저염간장을 만드는 것을 고안하게 되었다. 본 탐구는 이를 예방하기 위해 유산균을 첨가하여 간장의 보존력을 높이 고자 고안을 하였다. 다양한 유산균과 시중의 프로바이오틱스, 유제품의 유산균을 배양한 결과, 그 중 Lactobacillus acidophillus와 프로바이오틱스가 가장 생존력이 좋았다. 염분의 농도가 낮을수록 생존율이 좋았으나 저염간장의 농도인 7%에서도 높은 생존율을 보였다. 생약을 첨가한 배지에서 식품오염세균과 같이 배양하였을 때 Lactobacilus acidophillus의 항균력이 좋다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 황기추출물에서 가장 항균결과가 좋은 것으로 봐서 황기추출물 과 Lactobaciilus acidophillus의 혼합물이 가장 효과가 좋은 것으로 확인되었다. 이를 통해 저염간장에 유산균을 첨가하여 만든 간장은 생약에 의한 약리작용뿐 아니라 보존력도 유지가 된다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

210 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-21

무좀과 발 냄새 원인균에 대한 녹차 찌꺼기의 직접적인 적용에 대한 탐구

이현탁, 한종욱, 민족사관고등학교 팀명: 강고철자 / 지도교사: 나종욱

This research is to see the optimal condition using green tea leaf (GTL) and green tea bag (GTB) to stop the proliferation of Trichophyton rubrum (TR), Micrococcus luteus (ML), Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) which are well known as foot odor/ athlete’s foot causing microorganisms. After incubation, TR, ML and SE were cultured with GTL and GTB. Brewing time, moisture and applied time of GTL/GTB were control factors. Results indicated that GTL/GTB didn’t show significant antimicrobial effect on TR, ML and SE, so we conducted additional experiment using paper disk method, increased quantity and surface area of GTL/GTB. Similar to the previous experiment, results showed no significant antimicrobial effect. These results showed that directly applying GTL/GTB on plates doesn’t have antimicrobial activity on TR, ML and SE. We concluded that GTL/GTB it didn’t show enough antimicrobial activity because it has low concentration of catechin. The value of this research is that it is the first attempt to apply unprocessed green tea leftovers. Unlike other researches, this study is directly related to our daily lives. Also, this research is the first to cover all TR, ML and SE which are known as foot odor/ athlete’s foot causing microorganisms.

HS-22

슈도모나스 엘로데아(Pseudomonas elodea)를 이용한 식물 생장 및 토양 변화에 관한 연구

조수민, 김성현, 창원과학고등학교 팀명: 마음의 소리 / 지도교사; 정원준

본 연구는 가뭄으로 인한 토양의 황폐화를 완화하기 위해 토양의 수분흡착력, 수분보존력을 높이는 연구를 수행 하였다. 토양의 수분 흡착력과 수분 보존력의 강화를 위해 점성을 지닌 gell을 형성하는 슈도모나스 엘로데아 (Pseudomonas elodea)를 처리하였다. 토양의 수분흡착력, 토양의 건조중량을 비교하여 토양 상태를 확인했고, 식물 의 줄기 길이, 식물의 흡광도를 비교해 식물의 상태를 확인했다. 이를 바탕으로 슈도모나스 엘로데아가 토양 환경 개선에 얼마나 긍정적인 영향을 끼쳤는지 분석하였다.

www.msk.or.kr | 211 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-23

빛의 파장에 따른 melatonin과 장내 세균의 상관관계 탐구

이주예, 김보람, 박연지, 최희승, 유성여자고등학교 팀명: 모캄모 / 지도교사: 이호윤

면역력(immunity)은 우리의 건강과 직결되는 가장 중요한 부분 중 하나이다. 면역력은 우리 몸의 다양한 요인에 의해 증가되기도, 감소되기도 하는데, 이에 대표적으로 라토닌(melatonin)이라는 호르몬과 장내세균이 있다. 본 연 구는 면역력을 연결고리로 하여 각각 다른 색의 빛의 파장에 따른 멜라토닌 수치와 장내세균 수의 상관관계가 있을 것이라고 예상하고, 이에 맞게 실험을 설계하여 약 8주가량 실험을 진행하였다. 먼저, Red, green, Blue, White LED light를 설치하고 이에 맞게 각 그룹씩 마우스를 나뉘어 주기적으로 LED를 쬐었다. 이후, 장내세균 수를 측정한 결과, 약 540nm의 파장인 녹색 파장에서 가장 많은 장내세균 수가 측정되었다.

HS-24

귀부와인의 NO.1 Botrytis cenerea, 음식물 쓰레기의 세계로 진출하다.

최현빈, 이재연, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: 샤도디켐/ 지도교사: 이향선

귀부와인은 Botrytis cenerea의 작용으로 부패된 포도를 사용하여 만든 것으로, 독특한 향과 달콤한 맛으로 많은 사람들에게 사랑을 받고 있다. 특히 와인의 생성에서 수분을 제거해 당도를 높여주고 독특한 향을 만들어 주는 Botrytis cenerea는 잿빛곰팡이의 병원균으로, 많은 농작물에 치명적인 피해를 입힌다. 우리는 이러한 Botrytis cenerea의 양면성에 대해 흥미를 느꼈고, Botrytis cenerea를 이용하여 음식물 쓰레기 처분에 효과적으로 사용할 수 없을까 생각하여 탐구하게 되었다. 이에 따라 우리는 음식물쓰레기의 수분을 줄일 수 있는지와 수분 감량에 의해 유해균 감소 효과가 있는지의 여부, 두 가지로 나누어 실험을 진행하였다. 먼저, 수분감소효과를 알아보기 위해서 아무것도 넣지 않은 과일을 대조군으로, Botrytis cenerea를 주입한 과일을 실험군으로 두었다. 그리고 유해균 감소 효과는 실험군으로 E. coli를 주입한 과일을 사용하였다. 총 A, B, C, D 네 가지 실험을 귤, 고추, 딸기 이 세 작물을 대상으로 진행한 결과, Botrytis cenerea로 인한 유해균 감소효과에 대해서는 큰 경향성을 파악하기 어려웠으나, 수 분감소 면에 있어서 Botrytis cenerea의 작용을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이 연구 결과를 활용하여 미생물에 의한 발효와 분해 방식의 기존 음식물 쓰레기 처리법을 개선할 수 있다. Botrytis cenerea를 이용하여 음식물 쓰레기의 내부 수분 을 감소시키는 처리 방식은 곰팡이의 생장 기간을 보았을 때 가정보다는 대단위 음식물 처리장에 더 적합할 것이다.

212 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-25

식중독을 유발하는 균에 대한 식물성 기름의 항균 효과 및 원인 성분에 대한 탐구

김소윤, 오재석, 청심국제고등학교 팀명: 올리브오일 / 지도교사: 구수연

식품의 부패와 식중독 균 성장을 억제하기 위하여 생선의 표면에 올리브유를 발라 보관하는 경우가 있다. 본 연 구는 이러한 전통적인 지혜를 토대로 하여 다섯 종류의 식물성 기름, 이를 구성하는 성분 여섯 종류, 그리고 식중독 원인균 세 종류를 선정하여 agar well diffusion method와 paper disc method를 사용하여 항균 효과를 실험하였다. Agar well diffusion method로 실험한 참기름, 올리브유, 카놀라유, 포도씨유, 해바라기씨유의 항균테스트에서는 clear zone이 나타나지 않았다. Paper disc method로 실험한 해당 기름의 구성성분으로 밝혀진 linoleic acid, oleanolic acid, oleuropein, lignin, stearic acid, oleic acid의 항균테스트에서는 oleanolic acid를 제외한 성분에서 clear zone이 관찰되었다. 그람양성균과 음성균으로 나누어 분석해본 결과, 세포벽의 두께와 무관하게 하게 항균물 질의 생장 억제효과가 있음을 도출할 수 있었다. Oleic acid와 linoleic acid의 비율을 조절하여 시너지 테스트를 추가 시행한 결과 oleic acid의 비율이 높을수록 더 강한 시너지가 발생함을 관찰하였다. 이를 통해 oleic acid의 조성 비율이 가장 높은 올리브유의 항균성을 간접적으로 증명할 수 있었다.

www.msk.or.kr | 213 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

HS-26

경골어류와 연골어류의 숙성과정에서의 미생물 차이 연구 및 이를 이용한 경골어류 숙성방안 탐구

우재연, 김동연, 민족사관고등학교 팀명: 우동 / 지도교사: 나종욱

삭힌 홍어는 그 취향에 따라 평가가 상이하게 갈리지만, 한 번 그 특유의 톡 쏘는 맛에 반하고 나면 쉽게 그 맛을 잊지 못한다고 한다. 뿐만 아니라 홍어는 영양 면에서도 탁월한 전통식품이다. 이렇듯 홍어는 많은 이들에게 사랑 받는 식품이지만 그 가격 때문에 사람들이 쉽게 접하지 못하는 것이 현실이다. 이러한 홍어를 보다 저렴한 가격에 먹을 수는 없을까 고민하던 중, 채식주의자들이 콩, 쌀, 밀 등의 비슷한 식감의 다른 재료를 이용하여 식물성 고기를 만들어 섭취하는 것을 보고 다른 어류를 이용하여 삭힌 홍어의 대용품을 만들어보고자 실험을 진행하게 되 었다. 특히 본 실험에서는 경골어류인 가자미를 이용하여 대용품을 생산하는 것에 주목했는데, 대체로 경골어류가 연골어류보다 저렴하다는 점에 착안하여, 저렴한 가격으로 비슷한 식감을 가지는 홍어 대용품을 만들고자 했다. 연 골어류의 특성을 경골어에 최대한 반영하기 위하여 우선 연골어류, 그 중에서도 홍어의 삭혀지는 과정에 주목하였 다. 우선 홍어 시료가 삭힌 홍어의 톡 쏘는 맛을 내는 암모니아가 홍어를 삭히는 과정에서 어떻게 변하는지 알아보 기 위해 시간의 경과에 따른 홍어 시료의 pH 변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 과정에서 발생하는 암모니아가 강알칼리성 환경을 조성해 삭힌 홍어에 세균이 살지 않는다고 알려져 있는데, 과연 삭힌 홍어에서 세균이 전혀 살 수 없는지 확인해 본다. 만약 이러한 예상과는 반대로 삭힌 홍어에도 세균이 존재한다면, 그 세균은 어떠한 종류의 것들인지 알아본다. 이후, 위 탐구로부터 얻은 연골어류를 삭히는 원리를 보다 값싼 경골어류에 적용해 저렴한 대용 식품을 만들어 보기로 한다. 대용식품을 만들기 위해 다음 두 가지 방법을 생각해 보았다.

① 홍어 시료와 대용 식품의 재료(가자미)를 같은 공간에서 함께 삭혀서 홍어시료에 존재하는 암모니아나 발효 세균들이 대용 식품 재료(가자미)를 삭힐 수 있도록 하였다. ② 경골어류에 (연골어류의 삭힘에 기여하는 핵심성분인) 요소를 가하여 삭힌다.

이 때, ①, ②(이하 대용 식품 후보군)의 pH를 확인함으로써 대용 식품 후보군들이 삭힌 홍어와 같이 강알칼리성 을 띠는지 확인한다. 또한 대용 식품 후보군을 각각 세균 동정하여 식용으로 안전한지 조사한다. 대조군인 가자미에 대해서도 pH 탐구, 세균 동정을 동시에 진행한다.

214 | www.msk.or.kr th The 5 Microbiology Research Festival for High School Students

HS-27

Sulfate-reducing Bacterium과 Photosynthetic Bacterium을 이용한 농작물 재배 과정 중의 논 산성화 방지

이민행, 김영현, 유상훈, 조옥현, 하나고등학교 팀명: 인연 / 지도교사: 최호진

본 실험팀은 미생물을 이용한 토양 산성화 문제 해결 방안을 마련해 농작물 재배 과정 중의 논 산성화를 방지하 고자 했다. Sulfate-reducing Bacterium과 Photosynthetic Bacterium이 본 연구의 핵심 소재이다. Sulfate-reducing

Bacteria가 토양 속 황산이온을 분해하고, 이때 생성된 독성물질를 Photosynthetic Bacteria가 분해하여 ,

, 로 바꾸어준다. 이 과정이 원활하게 이루어진다면 미생물을 이용하여 토양 산성화를 해결할 수 있는 획기적인 방식이 탄생하는 것이다. 하지만 실험에 사용된 Sulfate-reducing Bacterium과 Photosynthetic Bacterium이 혐기성 세균이었기 때문에 배 양에 연이어 실패하였다. 결국 연구가 지속되지 못하고 중단되고 말았지만, 본 연구팀은 이 연구 주제가 매우 창의 적이라고 생각한다. 따라서 뛰어난 연구 환경을 갖춘 뒤 재개할 가치가 충분한 연구라고 생각한다.

HS-28

제주 자생식물 추출물을 이용한 무좀 치료 효과 탐구

김민진, 김동건, 김연진, 경산과학고등학교 팀명: 제주 많은 무좀약 / 지도교사: 김민진

무좀은 여러 균에 의해 복합적으로 일어나는데, 그 중 주 원인이 되는 균은 Trichophyton Rubrum, 적색 백선균이 다. 본 연구에서는 해당 균주의 생장을 억제하는 방법을 찾는 것을 주 목적으로 두었다. 항산화력이 강한 제주 자생 식물 중 예덕나무와 비파나무의 잎, 밤나무의 껍질을 선정하였고, 기존 치료요법의 효과를 측정하기 위해 피톤치드, 식초, 연고를 선정하여 실험에 사용하였다. 식물들의 추출물을 만들고, 피톤치드와 식초, 연고와 함께 배지에 각각 5%, 10%, 20% 농도로 첨가하여 각 성분이 첨가된 배지에 T.rubrum을 배양한 결과, 예덕나무 잎 추출물이 20% 포함된 배지와 연고가 10%, 20% 배양된 배지에서만 균이 자라지 않은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 생장 억제 효과는 두 물질 모두 일정 농도 이상이 되면 Colony 형성이 되지 않았기에 효과는 비슷하다고 결론내렸다. 또한 T.rubrum 의 특징을 보다 자세히 알기 위해 SEM을 사용하여 균사 구조를 촬영하였다. 특수 배지 중 피톤치드가 첨가된 배지 에서는 Colony가 붉은색으로 형성되었는데, 균사가 형성되지 않아 특이점을 알아보기 위해 Colony를 SEM으로 촬영하였다. 그 결과, 균사 구조와 Colony 구조의 차이를 관찰할 수 있었다. 종합적으로 위 결과를 통해 기존에 사용하던 치료 방법에 비해 효과가 떨어지지 않으면서도 자극적이지 않고 무해한 치료법을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

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Exhibition 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Exhibition

∙ Date: April 20 (Wed)-April 22 (Fri) ∙ Place: Kimdaejung Convention Center, Convention Hall Lobby

Booth Layout

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Booth No. Exhibitors

01,02. ㈜에스피엘 / SPL Life Sciences Co., Ltd. 03. 기산바이오㈜ / Kisan Bio Co. Ltd 04. ㈜바이오니아 / Bioneer Corporation 05. ㈜이바이오젠 / E-biogen 06. ㈜성우제네텍 / Sung Woo Genetech Inc. 07. 벡톤디킨슨코리아 / Becton Dickinson Korea 08,09. 에펜도르프코리아㈜ / Eppendorf Korea Ltd. 10. ㈜에스코코리아마이크로피티이 / Esco Korea Micro Pte 11. 한국애질런트테크놀로지스㈜ / Agilent Technologies Korea Ltd. 12. ㈜서린바이오사이언스 / SeouLin Bioscience Co., Ltd. 13. ㈜엔지노믹스 / Enzynomics, Inc. 14. (주)천랩 / ChunLab, Inc. 15. ㈜디엔에이링크 / DNA Link USA, Inc. 16. ㈜마크로젠 / Macrogen Inc. 17. 다인바이오㈜ / DYNEBIO INC. 18. ㈜바이오디 / BioD Co., Ltd. 19. ㈜메가바이오 / MegaBio Co., Ltd. 20. ㈜한국로슈진단 / Roche Diagnostics Korea 21. 신영코퍼레이션 / ShinYoung Corporation 22. 솔젠트㈜ / Solgent co., Ltd 23. 한국벡크만쿨터 주식회사 / Beckman Coulter Korea Ltd. 24,25. 주식회사 라온테크 / RAONTECH Co., ltd 26. 한국생명공학연구원 생물자원센터 / Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) 27. ㈜제노믹베이스 / GenomicBase Inc. 28. (국가연구소재)미생물거점센터 / Korea National Microorganisms Research Resource Center(KNMRRC) 29. (재)발효미생물산업진흥원 / Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry 30. 아이셀 / iCell Co. 31. 고마바이오텍㈜ / KOMA BIOTECH 32,33. 우성크라이어텍 / WOOSUNG CRYOTECH CO., LTD. 34,35,38,39. 싸토리우스 코리아 바이오텍 / Sartorius Korea Biotech Co., Ltd. 36. ㈜엠지메드 / MGMED, Inc. 37. ㈜한일사이메드 / Hanil Sci-Med Co.,Ltd. 40. 케이비티㈜ / Korea Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. B01. ㈜ 라이프사이언스 / Life Science Publishing Co. B02. 주식회사 범문에듀케이션 / PanMun education

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SPL Life Sciences Co., Ltd. Booth No. 01,02 ㈜에스피엘 Homepage: www.spllifesciences.com CEO: Sang Oh Heo Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-533-4800 Fax: +82-31-533-1430 Address 26, Geumgang-ro 2047 beon-gil, Naechon-myeon, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 11192, Korea Main Technology and Products SPL Life Sciences Co., Ltd. is a leading manufacturer/exporter of scientific plastic lab-ware of Korea. Since established in 1987, we dedicated ourselves towards in manufacturing high quality plastic lab-ware consistent to the finest standards in industries. With a team of enthusiastic professionals continuously engaging in development, quality control of our products fully comply with the stringent ISO 9001. This makes our products possible to not only meet, but surpass the international requirements.

Kisan Bio Co. Ltd. Booth No. 03 기산바이오㈜ Homepage: http://kisanbio.com/ CEO: Ji Woon Sun Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-529-2282 Fax: +82-2-529-2284 Address 2F, Kisan B/D, 86-2, YangJae-Dong, SeoCho-Gu, Seoul 06746, Korea Main Technology and Products Kisan Bio Co., Ltd. is specialized company of Microbial media, ready media, microbial identification and plant tissue culture media. We provide various standard microbial media according to the MFDS, QIA, KP and NIER. Also, for matter of quality and convenience, we provide ready media which can be customized with various options.

Bioneer Corporation Booth No. 04 ㈜바이오니아 Homepage: www.bioneer.co.kr CEO: Han-oh Park Email: [email protected] Tel.: 1588-9788 Fax: +82-42-930-8600 Address 8-11 Munpyeongseo-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon 34302, Korea Main Technology and Products Bioneer Corporation is the Korea’s leading biotech company that has developed varied Life Science research products and services based on its own technologies. Bioneer is currently providing domestic and overseas researchers with: oligonucleotides, amplification reagents, nucleic acid and protein purification products, gene synthesis and sequencing services, DNA ladders and markers, instruments including conventional and real-time quantitative thermal cycler, fully automated protein synthesis and nucleic acid extraction system, and much more.

E-biogen Booth No. 05 ㈜이바이오젠 Homepage: www.e-biogen.com CEO: Sungduk Yu Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-3141-0791 Fax: +82-2-3141-0792 Address #305, Ace Hightechcity 2, 25, Seonyu‐ro 13‐gil, Yeongdeungpo‐gu, Seoul 07282, Korea Main Technology and Products EBIOGENprovidesNextGenerationSequencing(RNA-Seq,DNA-Seq),Microarray,Antibodyarray,qPCRArray,qRT-PCR&ELISAexperimentandDa taanalysisservice. Also Ebiogen provides microbiologists with bacterial related products (Growth-LB broth etc., Preparation-plasmid prep kit & Storage - drying buffer).

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Sung Woo Genetech Inc. Booth No. 06 ㈜성우제네텍 Homepage: www.swlab.co.kr CEO: Jeong-Wan Hong Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-776-0615 Fax: +82-31-776-0623 Address Room. 301, Mega-center, SKⓝ Technopark, 124, Sagimakgol-ro, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13207, Korea Main Technology and Products We are a main distributor of Merck Millipore Corp. in South Korea since nineteen ninety nine (1999) and importing/selling many kinds of processing and laboratory devices. Our business fields are Pharmaceutical, Medicine, Biotechnology, Food, Cosmetic industries and many kinds of research institute of national and university. Main product’s layout is based on main Merck Millipore items such as water purification systems, industrial pilot scale filtration and purification systems, lab consumable and analysis reagent and kit, and so on.

Becton Dickinson Korea Booth No. 07 벡톤디킨슨코리아 Homepage: www.bd.com/korea CEO: Chung Ho Kim Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-3404-3700 Fax: +82-2-3404-3785 Address 4th Floor, Im sung Bldg. 4 Nonhyeon-ro 64-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06231, Korea Main Technology and Products DCM(Dehydrated Culture Media) BD offers media with a proven record of performance backed by over 180 years of combined Difco, BBL and Bacto expertise. Excellence starts with our integrated peptone production at the BD Difco Detroit, Michigan manufacturing facility and continues at our new, DCM, Peptone/Hydrolysate milling and blending plant located in Sparks, MD. Here we bring together these ingredients to formulate the wide variety of Difco and BBL products you’ve come to trust. PPM(Prepared Plate Media) BD manufactured dehydrated media is used in every prepared media formulation. Each medium is tested against a battery of control organisms, both for growth and, when required, inhibition. BBLTM GasPakTM Products and Accessories BD GasPak EZ Container Systems offer waterless, catalyst-free convenience for use in producing anaerobic, microaerophilic or CO2-enriched environments.

Eppendorf Korea Ltd. Booth No. 08,09 에펜도르프코리아㈜ Homepage: www.eppendorf.kr CEO: Christian Groeger Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-1577-4395 Fax: +82-2-2190-7799 Address Gala Tower 10F, 46 Nonhyeon-ro 85-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06235, Korea Main Technology and Products Eppendorf product range includes pipettes and automated pipetting systems, dispensers, centrifuges, mixers, spectrometers, and DNA amplification equipment as well as ultra-low temperature freezers, fermentors, bioreactors, CO2 incubators, shakers, and cell manipulation systems. Consumables such as pipette tips, test tubes, microtiter plates, and single-use bioreactor vessels complement the range of highest-quality premium products

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Esco Korea Micro Pte Booth No. 10 ㈜에스코코리아마이크로피티이 Homepage: www.escoglobal.co.kr CEO: Chan Won Bae Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-830-0482 Fax: +82-2-830-0491 Address 307, 55, Digital-ro 33-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08376, Korea Main Technology and Products Esco’s Airstream® Class II Type A2 Biological Safety Cabinet which is NSF 49 and UL 61010-certified is one of the best choices for your laboratory. Now equipped with 70% energy savings DC ECM Motor and Sentinel™ Gold Microprocessor Controller to display all information on its screen. With its Dynamic Chamber™, ISO Class 3 work zone and ISOCIDE™ powder coat on all its external and interior painted surfaces, you are ensured that you, the operator, as well as the product and the environment are protected from harmful biological agents.

Agilent Technologies Korea Ltd. Booth No. 11 한국애질런트테크놀로지스㈜ Homepage: www.omics.co.kr CEO: KIM AUSTIN JUN Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-2245-5660 Fax: +82-2-491-5660 Address 98, Hannam-daero, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04418, Korea Main Technology and Products Agilent is a leader in life sciences, diagnostics and applied chemical markets. The company provides laboratories worldwide with instruments, services, consumables, applications and expertise, enabling customers to gain the insights they seek. Agilent’s expertise and trusted collaboration give them the highest confidence in our solutions.

SeouLin Bioscience Co., Ltd. Booth No. 12 ㈜서린바이오사이언스 Homepage: www.seoulin.co.kr CEO: Eul Moon Hwang Email: [email protected] Tel.: 1670-5911, +82-31-628-3118 Fax: +82-31-628-3006 Address 4F. #A, KOREA BIO PARK, 700 Daewangpangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Korea Main Technology and Products Leading Total Solutions in Life Science – Seoulin Bioscience Sysmex-Partec/Affymetrix (GeneChip microarray, USB, e-bioscience)/BMG/Sarstedt/Hoefer/Lab-bubble/Aerte

Enzynomics, Inc. Booth No. 13 (주)엔지노믹스 Homepage: www.enzynomics.com CEO: Yun il Suh Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-42-330-6300 Fax: +82-42-330-0630 Address HANSIN S-MECA 214~216, 65, Techno 3-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Korea Main Technology: Recombinant Protein, Protein Purification, Cloning & Mutagenesis, Customizing/Optimizing Diagnostic Reagents. Products: More than 250 kinds of enzymes with highest purity, i.e. Restriction Enzymes, Polymerases, Reverse Transcriptases, qPCR Reagents, Cloning Kits and Modifying Enzymes.

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ChunLab, Inc. Booth No. 14 ㈜천랩 Homepage: www.chunlab.com CEO: Jongsik Chun Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-875-2501 Fax: +82-2-875-7250 Address Bldg 105-1, Suite #307, Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea Main Technology and Products ChunLab is the world's leading specialist in bioinformatics solutions for next generation sequencing in the areas of microbial genomics, metagenomics and transcriptomics. Using our proprietary and breakthrough algorithms and statistical analyses, we have developed intuitive and user-friendly bioinformatic tools that allow our clients to perform cutting-edge research with improvements in speed and depth of analysis at a lowered cost.

DNA Link USA, Inc. Booth No. 15 ㈜디엔에이링크 Homepage: www.dnalink.com CEO: Jong Eun Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-3153-1500 Fax: +82-2-364-4778 Address 2F, Cluster Center, Ewha Womans University, 150 Bukahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Korea Main Technology and Products Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) is not only used in a typical bulk sequencing, but also in variety of research areas such as, cancer genomics, RNA sequencing, and Epigenomic analysis. DNA Link possesses diverse NGS platforms (Illumina Hiseq2000/2500, Ion PGM, and Ion Proton) and provides the right experimental design and optimal technology for sequence capture based on different NGS applications. Our PacBio RSⅡ system was the first to launch its service in Asia, and its groundbreaking performance in de novo sequencing promises to cut down research time and cost. DNA Link guarantees an optimal service from the selection of application-oriented platform to the comprehensive Bioinformatics service.

Macrogen Inc. Booth No. 16 ㈜마크로젠 Homepage: www.macrogen.com CEO: Hyonyong Chong Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-2113-7000 Fax: +82-2-550-1218 Address 10F, 254 Beotkkot-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 08511, Korea Main Technology and Products Macrogen is a leading integrated genomic research service provider dedicated to providing the highest quality genomics services. We provide wide range of sequencing and bioinformatics services to academic, pharmaceutical, and clinical research communities around the world. With over 17 years of experience in genomics, we are dedicated to improving the quality of life for mankind by enhancing the understanding and availability of various genome information.

DYNEBIO INC. Booth No. 17 다인바이오㈜ Homepage: www.dynebio.co.kr CEO: Je Hyeon Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-748-8166 Fax: +82-31-748-8265 Address B-2005, 14 sagimakgol-ro 45beon-gil, Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-s,i Gyeonggi-do 13209, Korea Main Technology and Products Dyne LoadingSTAR is designed for eliminatinig any staining procedure. It contains a sensitive, stable and relatively safe fluorescent dye designed to replace the highly toxic EtBr for staining DNA. DNA bands can be visualized immediately after the run by placing the gels on a standard UV transilluminator.

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BioD Co., Ltd. Booth No. 18 ㈜바이오디 Homepage: www.bio-d.co.kr CEO: Yeojun Nam Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-6264-3399 Fax: +82-2-6264-3400 Address A-1102, Gwangmyeong Technopark, 60, Haan-ro, Gwangmyeong-si, Gyeonggi-do 14322, Korea Main Technology and Products BioD is an expert company of PCR, qPCR and digital PCR. Our products range is amplification reagents, instruments and imaging analysis systems. Chemiluminescence system, Gel Documentation system, PCR, Real-Time PCR, Digital PCR, Automated Nucleic acid Extraction, DNA Fragment Analyzer, PCR Enzymes, Real-time PCR Enzymer, Oligo Synthesis, Gene Synthesis, NGS Service.

MegaBio Co., Ltd. Booth No. 19 ㈜메가바이오 Homepage: www.megabio.co.kr CEO: Bong-deok Han Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-42-824-2088 Fax: +82-42-824-3601 Address #201, 83 Dunsan-daero 117beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35203, Korea Main Technology and Products Guava® easyCyte Flow Cytometers Our microcapillary flow cytometry systems are simpler to operate than traditional sheath-fluid based instruments and are far easier to maintain. They utilize small sample volumes, generate minimal waste, and have lower operating costs. As a result, Guava® easyCyte flow cytometers are uniquely amenable to on-demand use in the laboratory environment and have helped many scientists achieve insightful cellular analysis since 1998. 0500-3115 | Muse Cell Analyzer The Muse Cell Analyzer delivers accurate assessments of cell health parameters, cell signaling activation pathways & immune status in just minutes, revolutionizing the way you analyze cells.

Roche Diagnostics Korea Booth No. 20 ㈜한국로슈진단 Homepage: www.roche-diagnostics.co.kr CEO: Richard Yiu Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-550-1230 Fax: +82-2-550-1218 Address 4F. Seokyung Bldg., Teheranro 108-gil 22, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06174, Korea Main Technology and Products Building on over 30 years of industry experience, Roche Custom Biotech uses the powerful multidisciplinary skill found in Roche facilities across the world. The team offers products and solutions for manufacturers in the idagnostics and pharma biotech industry ranging from raw materials to system solutions for bioprocessing.

ShinYoung Corporation Booth No. 21 신영코퍼레이션 Homepage: www.sycos.co.kr CEO: Yujeng Choi Email: [email protected];[email protected] Tel.: +82-2-575-7476 Fax: +82-2-575-7472 Address 1F&2F, Kwangmyeong Bldg, #22 Yangjae cheon-ro 21-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06748, Korea Main Technology and Products ShinYoung Corporation is a company that import and supply instruments, plastic consumable, pipette, filter tip, chemical, excipient from STARLAB GmbH, Panreac Applichem, Hilgenberg GmbH, Luzchem. In addition, we are performing the nation’s first “One-stop pipette service” for calibration and repair of all brands pipettes.

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Solgent co., Ltd. Booth No. 22 솔젠트㈜ Homepage: www.solgent.com CEO: Hyeonkun Myeong, Seongjun Yi Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-70-7893-7828 Fax: +82-42-864-5690 Address 3f, 32, Techno 6-ro, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34014, Korea Main Technology and Products Since 2000, SolGent has been manufacturing and supplying various products and services for the purpose of providing total solution for genetics. Our Molecular diagnostics, biology reagents and sequencing services are generated in-house, adhering to the industry's strict quality controls. Business range of SolGent : Molecular diagnostics / molecular biology / genetic analysis service.

Beckman Coulter Korea Ltd. Booth No. 23 한국벡크만쿨터 주식회사 Homepage: www.beckmancoulter.com CEO: Kyoung Yong Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-6420-3106 Fax: +82-2-6420-3122 Address 3rd Fl., Suseo Bldg., 281, Gwangpyeong‐ro, Gamnam‐gu, Seoul 06349, Korea Main Technology and Products Coulter principle (Multisizer 4e) Discover the most versatile and accurate particle sizing and counting instrument on the market, using the Coulter Principle. The Coulter Principle has been used to characterize thousands of different industrial and biological particulate materials. The Multisizer 4e Coulter Counter can be used to count and provide mass distribution for marine biology and microbiology and also the Multisizer 4e detects cell size and volume changes event if they happen over a few seconds or in a period of several hours. Change in cell volume is an important factor involved in many biological processes such as Cell Growth, Cell Cycles, Cell Death, and Compensation for Osmotic Stress, Pathogenesis and Phagocytosis.

RAONTECH CO., LTD. Booth No. 24,25 주식회사 라온테크 Homepage: www.raontechkorea.modoo.at CEO: Yeon Ho Kim Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-62-268-7123Fax: +82-62-268-7124 Address 2, Uchi-ro 331beon-gil, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61051, Korea Main Technology and Products It is equipment which is essential for analyzing microorganism. We have Bag Mixer, Gravimetric Dilutor, Automatic Dilutor & Plater, Automatic Colony Counter, Anaerobic Workstation, Anaerobic Jar System, etc. Also, we supply the microbiological experiment tools professionally.

Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) Booth No. 26 한국생명공학연구원 생물자원센터 Homepage: http://kctc.kribb.re.kr/ CEO: Doo-Sang Park Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-63-570-5603 Fax: +82-63-570-5609 Address Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) Korea Research Institute Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB) 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea Main Technology and Products - Microorganism : Type strain, Reference strain, Patent strain - Cell lines : Animal cell line, Plant cell line - Identification of Microbe - Package service : Culture extract - Genomic DNA, Proteome for Microorganism - Metagenome library

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GenomicBase Inc. Booth No. 27 ㈜제노믹베이스 Homepage: www.genomicbase.com CEO: Chan Do Yun Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-2215-4925 Fax: +82-2-2215-4929 Address 4F ,9 Janghan-ro 17gil, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02628, Korea Main Technology and Products Real Time PCR machine/ Auto Prep Machine/ Thermal Cycler LED Transilluminator/ Gel Doc. System/ Homogenizer N3D culture/ Transfection Reagents/ Biochemicals

Korea National Microorganisms Research Resource Center(KNMRRC) Booth No. 28 (국가연구소재)미생물거점센터 Homepage: www.knmrrc.or.kr CEO: Sangseob Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-249-9898 Fax: +82-31-249-9139 Address Research center R201, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-Ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si 16227, Gyeonggi-do Main Technology and Products The Korea National Microbiological Research Resource Center is the core center of the twelve microorganism banks designated by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. The KNMRRC supports microorganism banks with necessary guidelines, standards, training for efficient operation of the banks. It also provides with an effective forum to solve common issues of the related banks. The ultimate goal of the KNMRRC is the followings: ◦1 construction of standardized and integrated management system, ◦2construction of Core center and other organs network, ◦3 Quality Control(QC) of microbial resources in the member banks, ◦4conservation of Resources in the member banks and the interrupted banks, ◦5education for professionals in the member banks, ◦6public Relations for raising people's awareness of the importance of microbiological resources.

Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry Booth No. 29 (재)발효미생물산업진흥원 Homepage: http://mifi.kr/ CEO: Jeong Do-Youn Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-63-6502-2054 Fax: +82-63-653-9590 Address 61-27, Minsongmaeul-gil, Sunchang-eup, Sunchang-gun, Jeollabuk-do 56048, Korea Main Technology and Products Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry is aiming to collect, manage and utilize an extensive microbial resources. As a research organization, we are offering an extensive collection of microbial resources, technical services and educational programs to support agricultural, food, pharmaceutical industries.

iCell Co. Booth No. 30 아이셀 Homepage: www.icellsci.com CEO: Yong-Chul Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-790-4624 Fax: +82-31-790-4625 Address 429 ITECO, 150 Jojeong-daero, Hanam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 12930, Korea Main Technology and Products iCell is developed the relationships with Merck Millipore, Promega, Helios, Glentham, NEST and other life science services in Korea. We implement about pre-made buffer of DNA, RNA and protein research in our brand, CellNest. iCell is a leading company for high quality in life science and biotechnology.

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KOMA BIOTECH Booth No. 31 고마바이오텍㈜ Homepage: www.komabiotech.co.kr CEO: Sang-Hoon Moon Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-579-8787 Fax: +82-2-578-7042 Address 19F, IS BIZ Tower, Yangpyeong-ro 21 gil 26, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07207, Korea Main Technology and Products Electrophoresis system & Pre-cast gels, PCR reagents, Inhibitors, ELISA, Luminex & Multiplex kits, Drug Discovery service, Custom virus generation service, stable cell line, antibody production service, Gene synthesis, Peptide synthesis, etc.

WOOSUNG CRYOTECH CO., LTD. Booth No. 32,33 우성크라이어텍 Homepage: www.woo-sung.com CEO: Min Cheol Seok Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-732-2555 Fax: +82-31-732-2545 Address #409, B dong Ssangyong, IT Twin 442-5, Sangdaewon-dong, Joongwon-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13216, Korea Main Technology and Products We import a LN2 Liquid Nitrogen Tank & Container, VIP, Biological Safety Cabinet, Ultrasonicator, Cryo labeling system and supply these items to hospital, university, institute in Korea. We will do our best to contribute in biomedical field for national development.

Sartorius Korea Biotech Co., Ltd. Booth No. 34,35,38,39 싸토리우스 코리아 바이오텍 Homepage: www.sartorius.co.kr CEO: DS Kim Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-622-5700 Fax: +82-31-622-5798 Address 8F Solid Space, Pangyoyeok-Ro 220, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do 13493, Korea Main Technology and Products Sartorius is a leading international pharmaceutical and laboratory equipment supplier. With our innovative products and services, we are helping our customers across the entire globe to implement their complex and quality-critical bio manufacturing and laboratory processes reliably and economically.

MGMED, Inc. Booth No. 36 ㈜엠지메드 Homepage: www.mgmed.com CEO: Ho Young Kang, Byung Wha Lee Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-890-8709 Fax: +82-2-890-8702 Address 10F Elysia bldg., 173 digital-ro, Geumchun-gu, Seoul 08511, Korea Main Technology and Products Doctor Protein is a specialized brand for diagnostic and enzyme reagents with the novelty and convenience for research. Our Product : Polymerase for PCR / Real-time PCR reagents / Enzymes and Kits for Molecular Biology / Protease and Phosphatase Inhibitor cocktails / Apoptosis Detection Kits / Mycoplasma Detection Kit / Biotool Product

www.msk.or.kr | 227 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Hanil Sci-Med Co.,Ltd. Booth No. 37 ㈜한일사이메드 Homepage: www.scimed.co.kr CEO: Jun Hyeonggon Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-42-825-4260 Fax: +82-42-825-4263 Address 5-4, Songnim-ro 48beon-gil, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34098, Korea Main Technology and Products Hanil Sci-Med Co., Ltd is specialized in manufacturing and selling specialized products for research and production in the fields of solid-liquid separation process of chemical, pharmaceutical and biotechnology. Through many years of customer management system, we are recognized for our equipments’ excellence and follow-ups by our customers and we will do our best in order to satisfy our customers’ needs with the best solution.

Korea Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. Booth No. 40 케이비티㈜ Homepage: www.kbt.co.kr CEO: KIM HYEONG KIL Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-31-716-6052 Fax: +82-31-716-6059 Address 5, Dongwon-ro 21-beon gil, Bundang-Gu, Sungnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do 13547, Korea Main Technology and Products Products: Thermal Cycler, Electrophoresis System, Microplate Reader, Gel Doc., UV/Vis Spectrophotometer, Homogenizer, Tissue Grinder, Speed Vac, Oven, Incubator, Environmental Chamber, Freeze Dryer, Mixer, Stirrer, Peristaltic Pump, etc.

Life Science Publishing Co. Booth No. B01 ㈜라이프사이언스 Homepage: www.lifescience.co.kr CEO: Hyo-Joong Kim Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-447-6211 Fax: +82-2-447-3851 Address A-303 Halla APT Sangga, 9, Ttukseom-ro 35-gil, Gwangjin, Seoul 05070, Korea Main Technology and Products Our Company is lifescience publishing company. Our company has a good reputation for good books We give a top priority to customer satisfaction.

PanMun education Booth No. B02 주식회사 범문에듀케이션 Homepage: www.medicalplus.co.kr CEO: Sung-kwon, Liu Email: [email protected] Tel.: +82-2-2653-5131 Fax: +82-2-2652-1500 Address 211, Mokdongseo-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07995, Korea Main Technology and Products For 60 years, Panmun Education is dedicated to publishing translations of renowned books and the digital contens on natural science, medicine, phamacology, health and veterinary studies. Furthermore, we have produced and distributed various contents regarding medicine and natural science.

228 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

A Bumann, Dirk PL-4 Cho, You-Hee E016, F014 Byun, Hyo-Jeong D017 Choe, Mangyu YS2-4 Adedoyin, Gloria D017 Choi, Ae Ran G043 Agrawal, Anurodh Shankar S16-2 C Choi, Ahyoung A034 Ahn, Gna D018 Choi, Chang Won D019, D020 Ahn, Hyeon Yeong S8-4Campeotto, Ivan PL-1 Choi, Chi Won D043 Ahn, Jae-Hyung A030, A031 Cao, Thinh-Phat D035 Choi, Eun Ha C017 Ahn, Jinsook E025 Cardenas, Maria E. D055 Choi, Eun Yong E004 Ahn, Ji-Young D018, G029, G031 Cha, Chang-Jun A007, B032, B046 Choi, Eunna YS2-3 Ahn, Joong-hyeon A014, B013 Cha, Kyoung Eun H028 Choi, Gug Seoun H001 Ahn, Sungeun B024 Cha, Soohyun D017 Choi, Hak-Jong A003 Ahn, Tae Seok B006 Chae, Jong Pyo S3-5Choi, Hanul H018 Ahn, Tae-Young A041, A042 Chae, Jong-Chan B046, B047, B048 Choi, Hey Young H029 Ahn, Woo-Chan E007 Chae, Suhn-Kee F009 Choi, Hueng-Sik YS2-5 Algaissi, Abdullah S16-2Chae, Tong Un G001, G002, G003, GS-3 Choi, Hyung Tae E009 An, Ji Eun E004 Chai, Han-ha C001 Choi, Hyunjun A018 An, Jieun H006 Chan, Tehsheng S16-2Choi, In-Geol G039, G045, S6-3 Asaf, Sajjad C006 Charoenlap, Nisanart S17-4 Choi, Jaeyoung D017, S7-2 Averette, Anna K D017 Chembazhi, Ullas Valiya E006 Choi, Ji Eun F010 Cheon, Hyoung Tae B030 Choi, Jiwon H018 B Cheong, Eunji D017 Choi, Jong-Soon B001, D017, H013 Cheong, Hyang Min D030 Choi, Jongwoon A004 Bae, Jin-Woo A020, A021, A022 Chi, Youn Tae G032, G033, G034 Choi, Joo Bong H015 B028, B034, C020, D029 G035, G036 Choi, Joon-Sun C002 D044, H019, S3-1 Chio, SeongYeol C005 Choi, Kyeong Rok G012, G013 Bae, Jung Eun G025, G030 Cho, Ahn Na S15-4 G014, G015 Bae, Kyung Sook A033 Cho, Chongsu G028 Choi, Kyoung-Hee S5-2 Bae, Sarah A040 Cho, Ga Youn A012, B043 Choi, Kyung-Hwa S19-2 Bae, Seung Seob G043 Cho, Ga Young D013 Choi, Sang Ho E022, E025, F001 Bae, So-Hee D004 Cho, Han a A042 F008, GS-4 Bae, Yu-Ra B012 Cho, Hansam H017, H018 Choi, Seon A008 Baek, Je-Hyun D010 Cho, Hee-Young G031 Choi, Seong Yeol B011 Baek, Kiwoon A023, A036 Cho, Hyosun D037, D038 Choi, SeongYeol C007, C015 Bahn, Yong-Sun D015, D016, D017 Cho, In Sook H001 Choi, Seung Kook H001 F005, S13-2, YS2-6 Cho, Jang-Cheon A026, A027, A028 Choi, Sol G002, G003, GS-3 Bai, Jaewoo S6-2 A029, A034, B030, B040, YS1-4 Choi, SooIn D014 Bain, Judith M. S13-1 Cho, Min-Kyung D046 Choi, Soomin D006 Bang, Iel Soo E024 Cho, Miyeon C027 Choi, Su Yeon B039 Bang, Soohyun D015, D017 Cho, Nam-Hyuk S12-4Choi, Won Ja E004, E005 Bari, Wasimul A006 Cho, Se Hyun H013 Choi, Yong Jun G010, G011, G012 Bartlett, Douglas H. S18-3 Cho, Seong Jun C021 Choi, Yujin A013 Beja, Oded PL-2 Cho, Se-Young H013 Choi, Yunjaie G028 Beom, Ji Yoon E014 Cho, Sung-Jin B021, C014, D018 Choi, Yun-Jaie H003, H005 Blanchard, Laurence S4-1 Cho, Yeondong H017 Choy, Hyon E. C019, D003, F019 Bok, Jinduck G028 Cho, Yong-Jun G043 S14-3, YS2-5 Bong, Ki Moon C003, C004

230 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index

Chun, Byung Hee H009 Filler, Scott G. PL-3Heo, Eungyeong B038 Chun, Ho Hyun S11-1Floyd, Anna D015 Heo, Gang-Joon H011 Chun, Jongsik A009, S3-3 Freemont, Paul PL-1Heo, Jaehyuck H018 Chun, Se Chul C017 Heo, Jihune F016 Chun, Yu Jin D010 G Heo, Kyoo E010 Chung, Dawoon F009 Heo, Su Jin C021 Chung, Eu Jin A032 Gao, Shou-Jiang D039, S12-1 Heo, Yoonki H017 Chung, Han Young F001, F008 Garron, Tania S16-2Holzapfel, Wilhelm H. S1-2, S1-3 Chung, In-Young E016, F014 Ghatge, Sunil G047 Hong, Chong-Hae D002 Chung, Jae Keun D045 Gim, Geun Ho B053 Hong, Heeji B035 Chung, Kyung Min S9-1Go, Junhyeok GS-6 Hong, Hee-Ji B037 Chung, Woo-Hyun F010, S2-1 Goo, Jung Hyun D049 Hong, Hyunjin H034 Chung, Young Bae S11-1Gründling, Angelika PL-1Hong, Jisoo D008, YS1-1 Chung, Young Ryun A032 Guevarra, Robin B. S3-4Hong, Joohyeon D017 Corrigan, Rebecca M. PL-1Gwak, Hyun Jung S11-1Hong, Seung-Beom A030, A031 Couch, Robert B. S16-2Gwak, Joo-Han B037, B044 Hong, Soon Gyu A039, B040, S15-4 Cui, Heqing E014 Gwon, Yong-Dae H017, H018 S7-1, S7-3 Hong, Soon Ho G016, G017 D H Hong, Yeongjin C019, S14-3 Hong, Young Ho C021 Ha, Dong Ryong D048 Dananjaya, Sajith D032 Hong, Young-Shick S11-2 Ha, Ji Yeon G004, G005 Daungnkern, Jintana S17-4 Hossain, Sabrina H011 G006, G007 De Groot, Arjan S4-1 Hur, Hor-Gil B049, B050, C026, G047 Ha, Jimyeong S5-2 Demin, Annie Albert S2-2 Hur, Jae-Seoun H032, S7-2, S7-4 Ha, Nam Chul E021 Deng, Zixin S18-3 Hwang, Chung-Yeon B041 Ha, Nam-Chul E016, E022, E025 Devarayan, Kesavan B026 Hwang, Jae-yeon E008 S9-3, YS2-4 Dhanasingh, Immanuel E020 Hwang, Ju Yeon D010 Ha, Sanghyun S11-1 Di, Doris Y. W. B050 Hwang, Jung Moon A032 Ha, Un-Hwan S5-4 Do, Eunsoo F013 Hwang, Kwang Yeon F006 Häggblom, Max M. S10-2 Duong, Tham Thi A019 Hwang, Kyuin S15-4, S7-1 Hahn, Tae-Wook F018 Dwidar, Mohammed D014 Hwang, Nakwon B045, H020 Ham, Junsang C001 Hwang, Seo Yeon S6-2 Han, Ae Ri S11-1 E Hyun, Dong-Wook A020, A021, A022 Han, Ah-reum F006 B034, D029, D044, H019, S3-1 Ehrlich, Rachel L. PL-3Han, Dalmuri D002 Ekwe, Adaeze A014 Han, Dukki B049 Elvebakk, Arve S7-3Han, Geon Goo H003, H005 I Eom, Ahn-Heum B012 Han, Hyo Mi D024 Ianiri, Giuseppe D015, D016 Eom, Jeong Seon G019, G020 Han, Ji-Hye A013, A023, A036 Idnurm, Alex D015, D016 G021, G022 Han, Sang Eun G025, G030 Im, Hansol D013, GS-2 Eom, Ji Eun H002 Han, Sanghyun H004 Im, Jeongdae YS1-5 Erwig, Lars P. S13-1Han, Seung Hyun D046 Im, Sin-Hyeog S8-3 Han, Sung Wook C021 In, Sujin F010 F Han, Yoontak YS2-3Islam, Md. Arafat B035, B037, B044 He, Ying S18-3 Festa, Richard D015 Heitman, Joseph D015, D055, S13-1

www.msk.or.kr | 231 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

J Jeong, So Hyang D045 Jung, Kyu Seok B009, D008 Jeong, Su-Ji G019, G020, G021, G022 Jung, Man-Young B035 Jang, A-Yeung D028 Jeong, Sun Wook F011 Jung, Mi-Ja A021, B034, D029 Jang, Bo-Ram S17-2Jeong, Sun-hwan B019 D044, H019 Jang, Ho-Jin B032 Jeun, Eunji S8-3Jung, Min Young E012 Jang, Hye-Jung F014 Ji, Chang-Jun S17-1Jung, Myungjoon C022 Jang, In-Ae B025 Ji, Je-Hyun D017 Jung, Seok-Won C027 Jang, Jae Won G002 Ji, Sang hye C017 Jung, Seunho H027 Jang, Ja-Young A003 Ji, Seongmi D019, D020 Jung, Won Hee F013 Jang, Jeonghwan B050 Ji, Yosep S1-2, S1-3 Jung, Yuna F022 Jang, Juyeong D017 Jia, Baolei E011, H008 Jang, Kyoungwoo G039, G045 Jin, Chan mun D030 K Jang, Kyung Ku E025, GS-4 Jin, Gwideuk H005 Jang, Sungho S14-2Jin, Gwi-Deuk A005, C012, H003 Ka, Kang-Hyun B012 Jang, Yejin B046, B047 Jin, Hyun Mi YS1-6Kahng, Hyung-Yeel B015, B022 Jang, Yo Han S16-1Jin, Jae-Hyung D016 B027, B029 Jang, Yu Yeon H018 Jin, Shi Ying E008 Kang, Boram B005 Jang, Yu-Sin G008, G009 Jing, Zhang D028 Kang, Chang-Yuil D049 Jang, Yuyeon H017 Jo, Chang Hwa F006 Kang, Dae-Kyung S3-5 Jebbar, Mohamed S18-1 Jo, Eojin H033 Kang, Do Won A038 Jeon, Che Ok A012, A017, A032 Jo, Eun-hye D048 Kang, Hee Kyoung D012 B010, B014, B018, C016, E011 Jo, Eun-Kyeong D011 Kang, Heeyoung A015, A016 H008, H009, H010, YS1-6 Jo, Eun-Kyoung S3-2Kang, Hyojeong D037 Jeon, Hey Hee C016 Jo, Ga Yeon C016 Kang, Hyojeung C027 Jeon, Hye Hee H010 Jo, Inseong E016, E022, E025 Kang, Ilnam A027, A034, YS1-4 Jeon, Hyungtaek D039 Jo, Jihoon A018 Kang, Ji-hee S1-2 Jeon, JungHun A038 Jo, Kyubong S4-3Kang, Joo Won A008, H007 Jeon, Mee-Hyang F009 Joh, Kiseong A015, A016 Kang, Keunsoo A041 Jeon, Sun Jeong A040 Joo, Gwonsung H018 Kang, Na hee D027 Jeon, Sung-Sil C009 Joo, In Sun H015 Kang, Sangkee G028 Jeon, Taeck J. G040, G041, G042, H012 Joo, Minju F015, F016 Kang, Sang-Mo C006 Jeong, Anna C018 Joo, Sung-Ho G026, G027 Kang, Sung Gyun G043, G044 Jeong, Do-Youn G019, G020 Joo, Yong Seob A010 Kang, Woo Kyu H016 G021, G022 Joo, Yoo Jin D010 Kang, Woo-Kyu S13-4 Jeong, Eun Kyo G030 Joung, Yochan A013, A016, A026 Kang, Woorim A020, A022 Jeong, Eunji D015 A028, A029, B006 D029, S3-1 Jeong, Haeyoung C023, S6-1, S6-4 Jung, Dawoon B006 Kee, Hye-young D048 Jeong, Hye Im A017 Jung, Gyoo Yeol S14-2Kil, Dong Yong B007 Jeong, HyeIm B010 Jung, Hae Chang G043 Kim, Ah-Yeong C006 Jeong, Jae Ho C019 Jung, Hae-Chang G044 Kim, Bi-o F014 Jeong, Jae-Ho YS2-5 Jung, Hee Dong D030 Kim, Bong-Soo S15-2 Jeong, Jea-Ho D003 Jung, Jaejoon B004, B017 Kim, Bu Min C001 Jeong, Jung Sun G030 Jung, Jin A E008 Kim, Bum Joo D028 Jeong, Sang Eun A017, B014 Jung, Kwang-Woo D015, D017 Kim, Byoungjin G005 Jeong, Seong-Yeop G019, G020 F005, YS2-6 Kim, Byoung-Suhk B026 G021, G022

232 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index

Kim, Cheon Hyeon D030 Kim, Hyun Ju C023 Kim, Ki Soon D030 Kim, Choon-Mee D040, D041, D042 Kim, Hyun Jung B016 Kim, Kiju F018 Kim, Da Hyun A008 Kim, Hyun Sik A020, A021, A022 Kim, Kun-Hee C019, D003 Kim, Da Jeong G030 D029, D044, S3-1 Kim, Kwang Kyu A001 Kim, Dae In A010, H007 Kim, Hyun Uk G013 Kim, Kwangsoo C019, D003 Kim, Dae-Ghon G031 Kim, Hyun-Ju C019, D003 Kim, Kyoung Heon S6-3 Kim, Dae-Shin A001 Kim, In Seop G025, G030 Kim, Kyung Hyun A032, B010, E011 Kim, Dae-Wi B032, B046 Kim, Inseon G028 Kim, Kyung Mo S15-4 Kim, Daeyoung F015, F016, F017 Kim, Jae Su S1-1Kim, Mi Sun A008, H007 Kim, Do Hak A041 Kim, Jae Won A038 Kim, Min Jung D049 Kim, Dockyu B003, B038 Kim, Jae-Ouk D049 Kim, Min Kyu F011 Kim, Dong In G002 Kim, Jaewon G039 Kim, Min Kyung D023 Kim, Dong Joon D033 Kim, Jang Hoon H001 Kim, Mincheal H020 Kim, Dong Min D045 Kim, Jeong Yoon H016 Kim, Mincheol B045 Kim, Dongho F005, YS2-6 Kim, Jeong-Seon A030, A031 Kim, Minjoo B042, S8-4 Kim, Dong-Min D040, D041, D042 Kim, Jeong-Yoon S13-4Kim, Min-Kyeong A013 E017, E018, E019 Kim, Ji Hee A039 Kim, Min-Kyu F005 Kim, Dongwook D047 Kim, Ji Yeon S11-3Kim, Min-Sik G043 Kim, Dong-Yeo B012 Kim, Ji-Eun C002 Kim, Min-Soo A021, B028, B034 Kim, Don-kyu YS2-5Kim, Jihyun F. B039, B042, B051 D029, H019, S3-1 Kim, Duwoon H013 B052, F022 Kim, Minsun A041 Kim, Eun Bae A005, B023, C012 Kim, Jin Kyung D011 Kim, Minwook F007 H003, H005 Kim, Jin Sung G035 Kim, Moon Jong B053 Kim, Eun ji E008 Kim, Jin-Hyon S3-2Kim, Myoun Su E008 Kim, Eun Jung E004, E005 Kim, Jin-Sik S9-3Kim, Myung Ju F010 Kim, Eungbin B038, C022 Kim, Jisun YS1-3Kim, MyungKil H006 Kim, Eun-Jung F004 Kim, Ji-Young S3-2Kim, Na-Eun D004 Kim, Eun-Sun D048 Kim, Jong Cheol S1-1Kim, Nam Kyu H029 Kim, Gong Min C004 Kim, Jong Min C003, C004 Kim, Ok Sun S15-4 Kim, Gun-Hwa D043 Kim, Jong-Geol B037, S18-2 Kim, Pil Soo A020, A021, A022 Kim, Ha Yeon B036 Kim, Jong-Guk B033 B034, D029, D044, H019, S3-1 Kim, Han Bok G018 Kim, Jong-Myeong S13-4Kim, Pyoung Il C003, C004 Kim, Haneul A015, A016 Kim, Jong-Shik A001 Kim, Se Woong D009, D010 Kim, Hansol A041 Kim, Jonguk D008, YS1-1 Kim, Sehyun H017 Kim, Hasun A004 Kim, Joon D009, D010 Kim, Sei Chang D019, D020 Kim, Hey-Min E013, E026 Kim, Joong-Su D035 Kim, Sejeong S5-2 Kim, Hong-Man F017 Kim, Jueun H021 Kim, Seo Young A010 Kim, Hwa Young D034, YS2-1 Kim, June-Eun D004 Kim, Seo Yun G015 Kim, Hwang Suk D009 Kim, Jung A S7-2Kim, Seon Kyeong D048 Kim, Hyangmi A033 Kim, Jung Hoon E023 Kim, Seon-Hee B015, B027 Kim, Hye Ji B020 Kim, Jung-Hoon S17-1Kim, Seon-Won S14-1 Kim, Hye Rim C016 Kim, Jung-Hun S14-1Kim, Seul I S6-2 Kim, Hye-Jin F002 Kim, Jungman B045, H020, S3-4 Kim, Seung Bum A013, A014, B013 Kim, Hyeseon H012 Kim, Junsoo F006 Kim, Seung Il D043 Kim, Hyoun Wook C001 Kim, Keun-Sung C008, C010 Kim, Si Wouk B053

www.msk.or.kr | 233 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Kim, Sihyeon S1-1Ko, Yongseok A042 Lee, Ga Eun A011, G037, G038 Kim, So-Jeong B037, B044 Koh, Hyeon-Woo A002, B002 Lee, Geon Hyoung A037 Kim, Sojung D008 Koh, Sun-Ki F009 Lee, Hae-Won A003 Kim, Soo-Jin A030, A031 Koh, Young Jin H032 Lee, Hakmi H034 Kim, Soo-Kyung D005, E002 Kong, Changsu H005 Lee, Hayoung D043 E003, S5-1 Kong, Hyun Gi B039 Lee, Hee Jung H015 Kim, SooYeon C005, C007 Koo, Jung Mo D019, D020 Lee, Hee-Jung H017 Kim, Sora B009 Koo, Seoyoun A042 Lee, Hee-Yoon D009 Kim, Su Yeon E009 Kook, Joong-Ki H033 Lee, Hong Kum S15-4 Kim, Suhyun A027, A034, B030 Kulatunga, Chanuka D033 Lee, Hwan Hee D037, D038 Kim, Sun Hee D045 Kwak, Jun-Yong F009 Lee, Hyang Burm A019, A040 Kim, Sung Soon D030 Kwak, Min-Jung B039, B042 Lee, Hye-Jeong S13-4 Kim, Suok-su G013 B051, B052 Lee, Hye-Mi D011, S3-2 Kim, Suyeon F008 Kwon, Eun-Kyung S12-4Lee, HyeonGwon B051 Kim, Tae Hoon S1-1Kwon, HeeUn C007, C015 Lee, Hyo Jung B014, B018, H008 Kim, Tae Sun D048 Kwon, Hyojeong D017 Lee, Hyoung Ju B039 Kim, Tae Sung D011 Kwon, Joseph H013 Lee, Hyun Sook G043, G044 Kim, Tae Wan G043 Kwon, Kae Kyoung A035, G043, S18-4 Lee, Hyung Tae D002 Kim, Tae Yong G011, G013 Kwon, Min-Sung A003 Lee, Imchang A009 Kim, Tae-Su A013 Kwon, Mi-Ra C008, C010 Lee, In-Jung C006 Kim, Taesung C023 Kwon, Oh Sik G023 Lee, Jae Bong B034 Kim, Taeyup D017 Kwon, Soon-Kyeong B052 Lee, Jae-Hak G043 Kim, Ungtae YS1-5Kwon, Soon-Wo A030, A031 Lee, Jaejin B005, YS1-5 Kim, Wan Kee E004, E005 Kwon, Sun Jung H001 Lee, Jang-Won D015 Kim, Won Jun GS-3 Kwon, YeongMi C007 Lee, Jang-Woo GS-5 Kim, Won Mun G026, G027 Lee, Jeong Su H015 Kim, Yang-Hoon C013, C014, D018 L Lee, Ji Hee A008, A010, H007 G029, G031 Lee, Ji Young E014 Kim, Yeong Hyeock H016 LaPointe, Gisèle S8-2Lee, Jidam B052 Kim, Yeong O H013 Lee, ARa G041 Lee, Jieun A003 Kim, Yeong Ouk A009 Lee, Bang Yong B003 Lee, Ji-Hoon S10-3 Kim, Yeon-Ran E013 Lee, Boeun F015, F016, F017 Lee, Jihyun F010 Kim, Yeun Jeong D030 Lee, Byungho F001, F008 Lee, Jin Won E023, G046 Kim, Yong Hyun A005 Lee, Changhon S8-3Lee, Jina H019 Kim, Yong Jin H035 Lee, Chang-Ro YS2-4Lee, JinHyeng C007 Kim, Young Bong H017, H018 Lee, ChangSeok C007 Lee, Jin-Sung C008, C010 Kim, Young Ho H001 Lee, Chang-Won A038 Lee, Jin-Won S17-1 Kim, Young Ran D056, D057, S9-1 Lee, Choong Hwan S1-4Lee, Jin-Woo S18-4 Kim, Young-Chang B048 Lee, Chul Won C003, C004 Lee, Jinyoung H005 Kim, You-Tae F012 Lee, Chul-Hwan S2-2Lee, Jisu D039 Ko, Dennis C. S13-1Lee, Do-Hoon A007, B032 Lee, Jong Hee A003 Ko, Gwang Pyo A043 Lee, Dong-Gi D017 Lee, Jong Ho S8-4 Ko, Haesu C008, C010 Lee, Dong-Heon B029 Lee, Jong-Hee E012 Ko, Su Jin D022 Lee, Dong-Woo C023, S1-5 Lee, Jong-Kook D026 Ko, Suk-Hyung A001 Lee, Eun-Jin GS-5, YS2-3 Lee, Joone-Hee E003

234 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index

Lee, Joong-Bok H018 Lee, Sang-Hee G029 Li, Hui S18-3 Lee, Joon-Hee D005, E002, S5-1 Lee, Sang-Hoon S10-4Li, Shinan D003 Lee, Joungmin G009, G015 Lee, Sang-Jae C023 Li, Shinnam C019 Lee, Ju-Hoon F012, S8-1 Lee, Sang-Seob B019, B020, B021 Li, Xi-Hui D005, E002, E003, S5-1 Lee, June Bong D002 Lee, Sang-Yeop D043 Liang, Jingdan S18-3 Lee, June-Young A020, A021, A022 Lee, Se Hee E012, G031, YS1-2 Lim, Daejin C019, D003 D029, S3-1 Lee, Se Jin S1-1Lim, Hyun Soo S15-4 Lee, Jung Yoon D045 Lee, Seo Hee A040 Lim, Jeong-A B009, D008, YS1-1 Lee, Jung-Hyun G043, G044, S18-4 Lee, Seobihn B043 Lim, Ji Won C023 Lee, Jung-Shin GS-8, H021, H022 Lee, Seong Hyuk G043, G044 Lim, Jin A C024 H023 Lee, Seon-Woo B039 Lim, Ju Young D056, D057 Lee, Jung-Sook A001 Lee, Seulki D037, D038 Lim, Sangyong F005, F011, S4-2 Lee, Jun-Yeong H003, H005 Lee, Seung Goo B008 YS2-6 Lee, Kang-Mu GS-6, S5-3 Lee, Seung Hwan G012 Lim, Seouk Hyeon D030 Lee, Kangseok F015, F016, F017 Lee, Seung Jae G024 Lim, Seul Ki A003 Lee, Keehoon GS-6 Lee, Seung Young D049 Lim, Yeonjung A028, B030 Lee, Keon Jin S11-1Lee, Seung-Joon D047 Lim, Young Woon B043, GS-1 Lee, Keun Chul A001 Lee, Si Young D001 H002, H029 Lee, Ki-Sung D019, D020, G026, G027 Lee, So Yeon D001 Lim, Yun Kong H033 Lee, Ko-Eun C006 Lee, Soo Chan S13-1Lin, Shunmei D028, GS-7 Lee, Kwang-Su G026, G027 Lee, Soomin C027 Löffler, Frank E. YS1-5 Lee, Kyeong-Ah C014, D018, G031 Lee, So-Young S3-2Louw, Johanna S13-1 Lee, Kyeoung-Ah C013 Lee, Sung Haeng D035, E020 Lee, Kyu Chan B007 Lee, Sung-Jae F007 M Lee, Kyu-Chan S2-4Lee, Sung-Joon H015 Lee, Kyu-Ho S17-2Lee, Sung-Mok G043 Madsen, Eugene L. B035 Lee, Kyung-Jo S17-2Lee, Sung-Yoep D007 Maeng, Pil Jae F021 Lee, Kyung-Tae D017 Lee, Su-Yeon H006 Maruthamuthu, Murali kannan G017 Lee, Kyung-Tai C008, C010 Lee, Tae Kwon B005, S10-1 Meyers, Gena Lee D017 Lee, Mi Rong S1-1 Lee, Yang Soo B026 Min, Jiho C013, C014, D018 Lee, Mi-Hwa A023, A036 Lee, Ye Ji E004, E005 G029, G031 Lee, Miju S2-2 Lee, Yeh Eun E023, G046 Min, Jung-Joon S14-3 Lee, Minho F017 Lee, Yeonhee H034 Mitchell, Aaron P. PL-3 Lee, Min-Ho E007 Lee, Yeonseon D015 Mitchell, Robert D013 Lee, Minyoung H034 Lee, Yin-Won S13-3Mitchell, Robert J. B011, C005 Lee, Myung-Shin D039 Lee, Yong Seok D045 C007, C011, D014 Lee, Na Ryeong E008 Lee, Yong-Hwan D017, H025, S7-2 Mitchell, Robert James C015 Lee, Saeyoung G039, S6-3 Lee, Yoo Kyung B003 Mohammed, Mohammed D036 Lee, Sang Il S11-1 Lee, Young Mi E004, E005 Mongkolsuk, Skorn S17-4 Lee, Sang Jun C023 Lee, Yun Hee A017 Monnappa, Ajay D013 Lee, Sang Mok H003 Lee, Yung Mi A043, S15-4 Monnappa, Ajay K. A006 Lee, Sang Seob H024, H035 Lee, Yunkyeong A004 Moon, Eun Pyo E004 Lee, Sang Yup G001, G002, G003 Lee, Zee-Won GS-4 Moon, Yuseok D047 G004, G005, G006, G007, G008 Lei, Zhao D028 Mun, Wonsic B011 G009, G010, G011, G012, G013 Lemaitre, Bruno PL-5Myeong, Nu Ri F002 G014, G015, GS-3

www.msk.or.kr | 235 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Myoung, Jinjong D050, D051 Oh, Sung D019, D020 Park, Jin Sook A011, G037, G038 D052, D053, D054 Oh, Young Joon A003 Park, Jin-Woo B009, D008 Myung, Heejoon H028 Oh, Young Taek D034, YS2-1 H004, YS1-1 Park, Jong Gwan D025 N P Park, Jong Soo S15-3 Park, Jongbin A005, C012, H005 Na, Do Kyun G007 Padakandla, Shalem Raj B046, B047 Park, Joon-Woo H011 Na, Dokyun G004, G005 Pajarillo, Edward Alain B. S3-5Park, Ju-Eon S14-1 Na, Eun Jung F001, F008 Pak, Jae In A005 Park, Jun Seok G013 Na, Sang Hoon G034, G036 Pan, Jae-Goo S6-1Park, Jung Wook D045 Na, Soo Hui E021 Park, Ae Ran S13-3Park, Ki Hoon H017 Nai, Yu-Shin S1-1Park, Bae Keun D033 Park, Kwang-hyun B008 Nam, Doo Hyun F020 Park, Bohyun F010 Park, Kyeong il C019 Nam, Gi Gyun A026, A029 Park, Boyeon E012 Park, Kyeongil D003 Nam, Ki Hyun F006 Park, Byeong Hyeok S6-3Park, Min Ju C021 Nam, Seung-Il B049 Park, Byeonggyu G040 Park, Miri A029 Nam, Young-Do S11-4Park, Byung-Chul S1-6Park, Mi-Rim C008, C010 Nam-gung, Byeol E001 Park, Chae Haeng S7-1, S7-3 Park, Myung Soo B043, H002 Nasutution, Olviyani E005 Park, Chulwoo B017 Park, Nohra E022 Neyrolles, Olivier S9-4Park, Chungoo A018 Park, Ok-Jin D046 Nguyen, Linh Trieu Dieu E009 Park, Doo-Sang A033 Park, Sam Yong F006 Nguyen, Phat-Loc C013 Park, Doyoung B031 Park, Sang-Cheol A009 Nguyen, Quang-Thai C014 Park, Duck Woong D045 Park, Sang-Kook E017, E018, E019 Nguyen, Son G. B045, H020 Park, Edmond Changkyun D043 Park, Se-Ho F013 Nguyen, Thi Thuong Thuong A040 Park, Eunji D021 Park, Seok Hyun G013 No, Ji Hyun S10-1Park, Goun D017 Park, Seon Young G008, G009 No, Keung Eu D030 Park, Gyungsoon C009, C017 G010, G011 Noh, Han Byul D019, D020 Park, Ha Ju B003 Park, Seong-Hwan D047 Noh, Hyun Joo S15-4Park, Hae Woong A003, E012, S11-1 Park, Seung Won C021 Noh, Hyun-Ju B040 Park, Haju B038 Park, Seung-Hwan S14-3, S6-1 Noh, Youran D049 Park, Hee-Deung S10-4Park, Shinae GS-8 Park, Hee-Soo D055, F021 Park, Si Jae G012, GS-3 O Park, Hongjae G039, G045 Park, Soo-Je A002, B002, B037, B044 Park, Hye Jung D045 Park, Sook-Young S7-2 Oh, Chang-Kyu D047 Park, Hye Min G014 Park, Soon-Nang H033 Oh, Dong-Chan D011 Park, Hyegwon G005 Park, Soyoung S1-3 Oh, Hyeon Song G032 Park, Hyeok B012 Park, Suhk Hwan A037 Oh, Hyun-Woo A033 Park, Hyun B003 Park, Sung Woo D017 Oh, Jeong-Il S17-3 Park, Hyun Jung D019, D020 Park, Sunhwa C026 Oh, Jeongsu S15-4 Park, In Cheol C003 Park, Sunjoo A033 Oh, Jungmin D005, E002 Park, Jae Young H002, H029 Park, Woojun B004, B016, B017 Oh, Jun-Soo H023 Park, Jameon G018 B024, B025, E015, YS1-3 Oh, Kye-Heon E017, E018, E019 Park, Jeong-Hoon S10-4Park, Yeon-Gyeong C006 Oh, Mi-Hwa C001 Park, Ji-Bin S14-1Park, Yoon Kyung D025 Oh, Sejong C018, C024, C025 Park, Jin Hwan G011 Park, Yoon Mee E024 Oh, Seung-Yoon B043, GS-1

236 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index

Park, Yoonkyung D012, D021, D022 Sang, Pau Biak E007 Shin, Sang Yeop D033 D023, D024, D026, D027 Satchell, Karla J.F. S9-2Shin, Seyeon B022, B029 Park, Young Kwang D009, D010 Sathishkumar, Yesupatham B026 Shin, Teak Soo S1-1 Park, Young-Ha E010, E013 Schuster, Christopher F. PL-1Shin, Woo-Ri G029, G031 E026, YS2-4 Sekhon, Simranjeet Singh C013 Shin, Yern-Hyerk D011 Park, Young-Min D017 D018, G031 So, Jae Eun A039 Pathiraja, Duleepa S6-3Sekhon, Sinranjeet Singh C014 So, Mi Jin H029 Patil, Vinod Vikas B008, E006 Seo, Boram A043 So, Yee-Seul D016, D017 Pau, Biak Sang E006 Seo, Chang-Woo C006 Sohn, Jung Hoon S6-1 Peng, Bi-Hung S16-2Seo, Eun-Young B006 Sohn, Sung-Oh E012 Pengkit, Anchalee C009 Seo, Ho Seong D028, S4-4 Solis, Norma V. PL-3 Pham, Van Dung G016 Seo, Hyun-Seok A035 Somasundaram, Sivachandiran G016 Philippot, Laurent B004 Seo, Jaegu C022 Son, Nguyen G. S3-4 Pignol, David S4-1Seo, Jeong-Ah B042 Son, Soo Ji C009 Pyo, Suhkneung D007 Seo, Kye Won D048 Song, Bong Keun G012 Seo, Mi Hee D045 Song, Chan Woo G001, G002, G006 Q Seo, Ra Min G033 Song, Ho Min G034 Seo, Seung Beom D032 Song, Hyeyeon S11-1 Qian, Zhi-Gang G014 Seo, Sojin F015, F016 Song, Hyun Jae D045 Seo, Yeon-Soo S2-2Song, Hyunjung S7-2 R Seo, Youngdae F003 Song, In-Ja S19-1 Seok, Soon-Ja A030, A031 Song, Jae Kyeong C004 Rani, Sudas A002 Seok, Yeong-Jae E010, E013 Song, Ju Yeon B039, B042 Reddy, Motakatla Venkateswer E026, YS2-4 Song, Ki-Joon H030 B048 Seol, Eun Taek G024 Song, Man Ki D049 Rhee, Dong Kwon D007 Seong, Baik Lin S16-1Song, ManKi S16-4 Rhee, Joon Haeng S14-3, S9-1 Seong, Chi Nam A008, A010 Song, Min Young G024 Rhee, Sung-Keun B035, B037 A035, H007 Song, Min-Hee D015 B044, S18-2 Seong, Ho-Jun S3-1Song, Saemee E022 Rho, Semi D049 Seong, Hoon Je F002 Song, Seokcheon C022 Rittiroongrad, Surawach S17-4Seong, Hoon-Je B041 Song, Seung-Taek S3-2 Roe, Jung-Hye C002, F003, F004 Shahzad, Raheem C006 Song, Sooyeon C018 Roh, Eunjung D008, YS1-1 Shim, Seung-Cheol S3-2 Song, Woo Sun H016 Roh, Seong Woon A003, B001 Shin, Bora E015 Song, Wooseok F017 Ryu, Jae-Chan GS-6 Shin, Dong-Yeop G042 Song, Yoon-Jae D004 Ryu, Jae-Gee B009, D008, H004 Shin, Dongyong A004 Sul, Woo Jun B007, B046, F002, S2-4 YS1-1 Shin, Eui-Cheol S12-3 Sul, Woo-Jun B041 Ryu, Ji-Hwan GS-6 Shin, Eunju H034 Sundas, Rani B002 Ryu, Ki Hyun H031 Shin, Hea Luying E014 Sung, Hoonje S2-4 Ryu, Su Hyun E023, G046 Shin, Jae Ho C009 Susmita, Nishu S10-1 Ryu, Wang-Shick S12-2Shin, Ji Hyun D048 Shin, Joohyun C022 T S Shin, Minsang F019 Shin, Miyoung C025 Tak, Euon Jung A022 Sanchez, Diana Soils H015 Shin, Na-Ri A020, A021, A022, B034 Tao, Xinrong 16-2 Sandrine, Soh M. C011 C020, D029, D044, H019, S3-1

www.msk.or.kr | 237 2016 International Meeting of the Microbiological Society of Korea

Thak, Eun-Jeong S3-1 Y Yoon, Yohan S5-2 Thiele, Dennis D015 You, Young-Hyun B033 Thuy Do, Linh G045 Yang, Dong-Hoon D015, D017 Youn, Hyewon S16-3 Tiwari, Ravi E006 Yang, Hee Jin F022 Yu, Dong Joo G030 Tosi, Tommaso PL-1Yang, Hee-Jong G019, G020 Yu, Dong Su H014 Tseng, Chien-Te K. S16-2 G021, G022 Yu, Jae-Hyuk F021 Yang, Jina S14-2Yu, Woon-Jong B037, B044 U Yang, Jung Eun G012 Yun, Cheol-Heui D046, S1-6 Yang, Seung-Hoon A001 Yun, Ji-Hyun A021, B034, H019 Udayangani, Chathurica D032 Yang, Seung-Jo A028, YS1-4 Yun, Sujin H004 Um, Si-Hyeon YS2-4Yang, Suin B009 Yun, Sung Ho D043 Um, Soohyun D011 Yang, Sung-Hyun A035 Unno, Tatsuya B045, H020, S3-4 Yang, Tae-Jun G043 Z Urbanczyk, Henryk S15-1Yang, Yan S18-3 Yang, Yi-Ting S1-1Zhang, Jing F011 V Yang, Yoon Mo E023, G046 Zhao, Lei F011 Yang, Youri G047 Zhao, Xu E014 Varshney, Umesh E006, E007, S2-3 Yeom, Ji-Hyun F015, F016, F017 Zheng, Jin Hai S14-3 Vattanaviboon, Paiboon S17-4Yeom, Se Joung H024 Zhi, Yong D028 Verma, Ravi S8-3Yeom, Soojin H022 Zoysa, Mahanama De D032, D033 Vinod, Nagarajan D019, D020 Yi, Dae Gwan F010 Yoo, In-Seol S3-2 ㄱ W Yoo, Jin-Wook E025 Yoo, Ju Eun A043 권영광 HS-15 Wang, Chonglong S14-1 Yoo, Seung Min G004 김 현 HS-05 Wang, Li Li D017 Yoo, Seung-min D039 김다솔 HS-07 Wang, Zhijun S18-3 Yoo, Young Ji YS2-2김동건 HS-28 Wee, Gui Nam S10-1 Yoon, Chang-Kyu E013, E026 김동연 HS-26 Wendt, Mitchell H011 Yoon, Hong-sup S1-2김민석 HS-08 Weon, Hang-Yeon A030, A031 Yoon, Hwang Jae F020 김민진 HS-28 Whon, Tae Woong A020, A021 Yoon, Hyunjin S6-2김보람 HS-23 B034, C020, D029, D044, H019 Yoon, Jang Won D002 김성현 HS-22 Wimalasena, Sudu Hakuruge Yoon, Jong Kwang H017 김소윤 HS-25 Madusha Pramud H011 Yoon, Ju Yeon H001 김연진 HS-28 Won, Hong-Hee B041 Yoon, Jung-Hoon H026 김영현 HS-27 Woo, Eui-Jeon B008, E006, E007 Yoon, Ki Young B042 김윤정 HS-04 Woolford, Carol A. PL-3 Yoon, Na-Ra D040 김지윤 HS-07 Yoon, Sang Sun D034, D036 김하연 HS-06 X GS-6, S5-3, YS2-1 김현아 HS-06 Xia, Xiao-Xia G007 Yoon, Suk Hwan B031, B036 Xiao, Xiang S18-3Yoon, Sung Ho S6-4 ㄴ Yoon, Sung-il E001 Xiong, Lei S18-3 나지윤 HS-11 Yoon, Yeo Joon E008, E014 Xu, Guanpeng S18-3 남윤성 HS-10 S14-4, YS2-2 Xu, Wenjie PL-3 노예림 HS-12 Yoon, Yeo Kyoung H025

238 | www.msk.or.kr Author Index

ㄹ 윤소희 HS-17 정진운 HS-09 윤이성 HS-18 정현지 HS-17 류혜지 HS-07 이민행 HS-27 조서원 HS-14 이상원 HS-16 조수민 HS-22 ㅂ 이수민 HS-04 조옥현 HS-27 이승은 HS-02 박상윤 HS-01 이승준 HS-15 박시현 HS-08 ㅊ 이용준 HS-20 박연지 HS-23 이재연 HS-24 천성우 HS-13 박재희 HS-08 이정아 HS-19 천수범 HS-13 이주예 HS-23 천승재 HS-03 ㅅ 이준석 HS-16 최민기 HS-13 최지훈 HS-15 성지환 HS-16 이준희 HS-15 최현빈 HS-24 송종민 HS-17 이지수 HS-19 이창호 HS-16 최혜민 HS-12 최희승 HS-23 ㅇ 이현탁 HS-21 임재웅 HS-07 오재석 HS-25 ㅎ 우재연 HS-26 ㅈ 한종욱 HS-21 유상훈 HS-27 홍승희 HS-12 윤도현 HS-08 전유진 HS-13

www.msk.or.kr | 239 MEMO