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vi ST MATTHIAS MANUS GROUP MANUS I BIS MARCK ARCH IPEL AGO WEST SEPIK Wewak EAST SSEPIKEPIK River Sepik MADANG NEW GUINEA ENGA W.H. Mt Hagen M Goroka a INDONESIA S.H. rk ha E.H. m R Lae WEST MOROBEMOR PAPUA NEW BRITAIN WESTERN F ly Ri ver GULF NORTHERNOR N Gulf of Papua Daru Port Torres Strait Moresby CENTRAL AUSTRALIA CORAL SEA Map 1: The provinces of Papua New Guinea vii 0 300 kilometres 0 150 miles NEW IRELAND PACIFIC OCEAN NEW IRELAND Rabaul BOUGAINVILLE I EAST Arawa NEW BRITAIN Panguna SOLOMON SEA SOLOMON ISLANDS D ’EN N TR E C A S T E A U X MILNE BAY I S LOUISIADE ARCHIPELAGO © Carto ANU 05-031 viii W ALLAC E'S LINE SUNDALAND WALLACEA SAHULLAND 0 500 km © Carto ANU 05-031b Map 2: The prehistoric continent of Sahul consisted of the continent of Australia and the islands of New Guinea and Tasmania. ix 141 o E 142°E 143°E 144°E 144°15'E PAPUA NEW GUINEA Parama I. 9°S Daru I. 9°S Bramble Cay Missionary Reef Boigu I. Anchor Cay s f Dauan I. e East Cay Saibai I. e Deliverance I. R Stephens I. r Darnley I. Kerr (Kiss) Islet o ri ar W Yorke I. Turu Cay Mabuiag I. Yam I. Murray Islands 10°S Coconut I. 10°S Badu I. Moa I. TORRES Kubin St Pauls Warraber (Sue) I. STRAIT OUTER ISLANDS V INNER Hammond I. Thursday I. CORAL SEA ISLANDS Horn I. N Prince of Authority area Wales I. New Seisia includes: Mapoon CAPE ISLANDER Seisia Injinoo COMMUNITIES Bamaga Umagico Bamaga 11°S 11°S GULF OF 144°E CAPE YORK CARPENTARIA PNG PENINSULA LOCATION 0 100 kilometres AUSTRALIA 142°E 142°E 143°E AUSTRALIA Torres Strait Regional Authority Area Seabed jurisdiction line Note: The TSRA area only extends to Australian territorial waters around islands and cays north of the seabed jurisdiction line: 0 1000 International waters north of this line belong to PNG. kilometres Underlining refers to Australian populated islands. Map 3: The seabed jurisdiction line between Australia and Papua New Guinea..

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Between Australia and New Guinea-Ecological and Cultural
Geographical Review of Japan Vol. 59 (Ser. B), No. 2, 69-82, 1986 Between Australia and New Guinea-Ecological and Cultural Diversity in the Torres Strait with Special Reference to the Use of Marine Resources- George OHSHIMA* The region between lowland Papua and the northern tip of the Australian continent presents a fascinating panorama of ecological, cultural and socio-economic diversity. In lowland Papua and on its associated small islands such as Saibai, Boigu and Parama, a combination of coastal forests and muddy shores dominates the scene, whereas the Torres Strait Islands of volcanic and limestone origin, together with raised coral islands and their associated reef systems present a range of island ecosystems scattered over a broad territory some 800km in extent. Coralline habitats extend south wards to the Cape York Peninsula and some parts of Arnhem Land. Coupled with those ecological diversities within a relatively small compass across the Torres Strait, the region has evoked important questions concerning the archaeological and historical dichotomy between Australian hunter-gatherers and Melanesian horticulturalists. This notion is also reflectd in terms of its complex linguistic, ethnic and political composition. In summarizing the present day cultural diversity of the region, at least three major components emerge: hunter-gatherers in the Australian Northern Territory, Australian islanders and tribal Papuans. Historically, these groups have interacted in complex ways and this has resulted in an intricate intermingling of cultures and societies. Such acculturation processes operating over thousands of years make it difficult to isolate meaning ful trends in terms of "core-periphery" components of the individual cultures.
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