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Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2018 A History of the Organizational Structure of Pesparani/Pesparawi: How Choral Music Helped Promote Unity in Indonesia Henry Susanto Pranoto Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MUSIC A HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF PESPARANI/PESPARAWI: HOW CHORAL MUSIC HELPED PROMOTE UNITY IN INDONESIA By HENRY SUSANTO PRANOTO A Dissertation submitted to the College of Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2018 Henry Susanto Pranoto defended this dissertation on April 16, 2018. The members of the supervisory committee were: Kevin Fenton Professor Directing Dissertation Frank Gunderson University Representative Andre Thomas Committee Member Kimberly VanWeelden Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii Dedicated to: my beloved wife, Christy Rahma Septiani and my baby girl Zephaniah Emanuelle Pranoto iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to express sincere appreciation to the following individuals: • To Kevin Fenton for providing necessary guidance and continual encouragement throughout the writing process of this dissertation. • To Andre Thomas for his continual support as teacher who enables me to further pursue my education. • To VanWeelden for her kind heart, encouragement, support, and love. • To Frank Gunderson for his willingness to facilitate, kindly support, and encourage me in writing this dissertation. • To Suzanne Byrne for her continual support and help throughout my dissertation writing process. • To Tatty Pohan, Ronald Pohan, Aida Swenson, LPPN administrators (Santun Situmorang and Marali Purba), and all YAMUGER members (Soni Hutomo, Robert Nainggolan, and many others) who facilitate and provide necessary documents for this Dissertation. • To Amy Kimura and Westminster Choir College Library that provide me with necessary documents for this research. • To my beloved mother, father and my whole family who consistently love and support me in prayers. • To my wife and my baby Zephaniah who lovely support and provide continues encouragement for me. • To many Indonesian friends, musicians, composers, and conductors throughout Indonesia who willingly participate and support this research project. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ vii List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. viii Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... xi 1. INTRODUCTION: PURPOSE AND PROCEDURES ..............................................................1 1.1 Problem Statement ...............................................................................................................1 1.1.1 Sub-problems ............................................................................................................1 1.2 Definition of Terms .............................................................................................................2 1.2.1 Delimitations .............................................................................................................2 1.3 Need for the Study ..............................................................................................................3 1.3.1 Purpose of the Study .................................................................................................3 1.4 Procedures ...........................................................................................................................3 1.4.1 Organization of the Study .........................................................................................4 2. NATIONAL PESPARANI/PESPARAWI CHURCH FESTIVAL FROM 1983 TO 1996 .......5 2.1 Two Institutions Preceding the Establishment of National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI ...5 2.1.1 The Indonesian Government .....................................................................................5 2.1.2 YAMUGER ..............................................................................................................6 2.1.2.1 The Establishment of the Church Music Foundation (YAMUGER).........12 2.1.2.2 PESPARANI/PESPARAWI YAMUGER ................................................14 2.1.3 The Early Development of National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI in 1973............18 2.1.4 The Establishment of National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I ...............................20 2.1.4.1 The Legalization of National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI in Indonesia ..21 2.2 National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I – V: The Development Period of Indonesia (1983 – 1998) ...............................................................................................................................23 2.2.1 The Delay of the National PESPARAWI VI Celebration ......................................33 3. NATIONAL PESPARAWI CHURCH FESTIVAL FROM 2000 TO 2015 .............................37 3.1 The New Order Regime (1967 – 1998) and Indonesian Reformation in 1998 ..................37 3.2 National PESPARAWI VI - XI ........................................................................................40 4. AN EXAMINATION OF CHORAL LITERATURE FROM PESPARANI/PESPARAWI 1983 TO 2015 ................................................................................................................................66 4.1 Compiling Repertoire Performed at the National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I - XI ......66 4.1.1 Categorization the Repertoire National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I - XI ..........68 4.1.2 Music Analysis of Song God is with Us by Binsar Sitompul .................................77 4.1.3 Theme and Sub-Theme of National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I - XI ................81 5. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, & RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ...82 v 5.1 Summary ...........................................................................................................................82 5.2 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................83 5.3 Recommendations for Future Research ............................................................................85 APPENDICES ...............................................................................................................................86 A. REPERTOIRE LITERARURES OF NATIONAL PESPARAWI I - XI .................................86 B. THE FULL ANALYZED MUSIC SCORE OF THE SONG GOD IS WITH US BY BINSAR SITOMPUL....................................................................................................................................98 C. IRB APPROVAL MEMO .......................................................................................................108 D. LEGAL LETTER MINISTER OF RELIGION (MR) 19/2005 - LPPN .................................109 E. THE NUMBERING NOTATION (CHORAL PART) OF THE SONG DIBERKATILAH YANG DATANG – BENEDICTUS FROM REQUIEM BY MOZART (KV 626) USED IN PESPARAWI VI FOR MIXED ADULT CHOIR .......................................................................122 F. THE PIANO ACCOMPANIMENT PART OF THE SONG DIBERKATILAH YANG DATANG – BENEDICTUS FROM REQUIEM BY MOZART (KV 626) USED IN PESPARAWI VI FOR MIXED ADULT CHOIR ..............................................................................................123 G. THE MUSIC SCORE BENEDICTUS OF REQUIEM BY MOZART (KV 626) USED IN PESPARAWI VI FOR MIXED ADULT CHOIR .......................................................................124 H. THEMES AND SUB-THEMES OF THE NATIONAL PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I - XI 125 References ....................................................................................................................................126 Biographical Sketch .....................................................................................................................133 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 List of Twenty-Six Provinces Participated in the National Festival I ...........................24 Table 2.2 Chronological List of Legal Letters and Events for National PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I - V .................................................................................................35 Table 3.1 The List of Participate Institutions Inaugurated the National PESPARAWI VI ...........41 Table 3.2 List of Indonesian Provinces Participated in the Nationanal PESPARAWI VI ...........42 Table 3.3 Thirty-Two Provinces Participated in PESPARAWI VII..............................................47 Table 3.4 List of Folk Music Songs Performed During PESPARAWI X Celebration ................57 Table 3.5 Chronological List of Legal Letters and Events National PESPARAWI VI - XI ........64 Table 4.1 Numbers of Music Performed in PESPARANI/PESPARAWI I – XI with Lyrics/Title of Unity ..........................................................................................................................................70 Table 4.2 Represented Provinces at Each PESPARANI/PESPARAWI for All Categories ..........71 Table 4.3 Music by Indonesian and Western Composers for the Festivals ...................................73