DEVELOPMENT OF A BIODIVERSITY DATABASE FOR ASSESSING CONSERVATION VALUES KANGAROO ISLAND CASE STUDY

By A.C.Robinson, P.K.Gullan, K.D.Casperson and S.J.Pillman

Natural Resources Group DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT OF A BIODIVERSITY DATABASE FOR ASSESSING CONSERVATION VALUES KANGAROO ISLAND CASE STUDY

by A.C.Robinson, P.K. Gullan*, K.D.Casperson and S.J.Pillman

Biological Survey and Research Natural Resources Group Department of Environment and Natural Resources, South Australia

*Director Viridans Pty Ltd

1995 The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect those of theCommonwealth Government, the Minister for the Environment, Sport and Territories, or the Director of the Australian Nature Conservation Agency

AUTHORS A. C. Robinson, K.D.Casperson and S.J.Pillman, Biological Survey and Research, Natural Resources Group, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, South Australia GPO Box 1047 ADELAIDE 5001

P.K.Gullan, Viridans Pty Ltd, Suite 4 614 Hawthorn Road, Brighton East, Victoria 3187

CARTOGRAPHY AND DESIGN Biological Survey and Research Group, Resource Management Branch ©Director, Australian Nature Conservation Agency 1995

Cover Design Compiled from the title screen graphics of the South Australian Biodiversity Database using COREL DRAW. The upper image is the underside of a leaf of the pale groundsel (Senecio hypoleucus) and the lower image is a tail feather of the Glossy Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami)

HI

Development of a Biodiversity Database Abstract

In South Australia, databases which contain records of species of vascular plants and terrestrial vertebrate animals where the records are associated with an accurate geocode, are dispersed between a number of Government agencies including the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the Department of Housing and Urban Development as well as the long term custodians of such data at the South Australian Museum and the State Herbarium. These databases have been developed for specialist uses tailored to the particular institution and they reside on a variety of hardware and software types. Common to all these databases is a basic core of information, namely a species name, date of collection or observation, a geocode and some type of record identifier.

This project set up a derived database based on this core data using a specialist biological databasing software package produced by Viridans Pty Ltd of Victoria. This software allows the development of such a derived database by using already established South Australian taxonomic databases for vascular plants and vertebrate fauna as the link that ties all these derived databases together.

In addition the Viridans package allows map coverages derived from the South Australian Geographic Information System in ARC /INFO format to be modified to an extent that allows them to run effectively on this PC -based system and then use them to produce distribution maps from the derived databases onto a variety of map bases.

The final aspect of the Viridans package provides the ability to link the database to scanned photographic images of both individual speceis of flora and fauna and to sample site photographs which are a part of the biological survey and pastoral management components of the derived database.

The project produced a complete pilot database for Kangaroo Island which included both Museum and Herbarium data while the total State coverage is at present confined to those databases derived from the Biological Survey of South Australia, the RAOU Bird Atlas, the Pastoral Assessment sites and a list of vertebrates from areas on the Register of the National Estate.

It is the first time that this range of databases have been brought together in South Australia.

Some preliminary biodiversity analysis has also been carried out on the Kangaroo Island sub -set of data rising some of the standard analytical tools available in the Viridans software package.

V Development of a Biodiversity Database Contents

Page ABSTRACT, V

LIST OF FIGURES IX LIST OF TABLES XI LIST OF APPENDICES XII

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XV

INTRODUCTION 1

METHODS 3 DATABASES 3 KANGAROO ISLAND DATABASE 5 MAP COVERAGE 9 PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES 9 DESCRIPTIVE TEXT 12

RESULTS 15

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS 21

REFERENCES 23

APPENDICES 25

VII VIII Development of a Biodiversity Database Figures

Page

Fig. I The location of site -based flora data in the database in October 1995.6

Fig. 2 The location of site -based fauna data in the database in October 19957

Fig. 3 The location of site -based flora data for Kangaroo island 8

Fig. 4 The location of site -based fauna data for Kangaroo Island 9

Fig. 5 The vegetation coverage of South Australia in the database 10

Fig. 6 The high resolution map of Kangaroo Island showing conservation land types. 11

Fig 7 A standard printout of an animal image and associated information 13

Fig. 8 A standard printout of site location data 14

Fig. 9 The source of site data used in the Kangaroo Island biodiversity analysis 15

Fig. 10 The number of species from each source included in the Kangaroo Island biodiversity analysis. 16

Fig. 11 The Kangaroo island biodiversity grid for flora. 17

Fig. 12 The Kangaroo Island biodiversity grid for fauna. 17

Fig. 13 The relative contribution of the various data sources for the different conservation land uses on Kangaroo Island. 18

Fig. 14 The percent occurrence of the total vertebrate fauna in the database in the different conservation land uses on Kangaroo island. 19

IX Development of a Biodiversity Database Tables

Page

Table 1 Composition of the Flora databases at October 1995. 3

Table 2 Composition of the Fauna databases at October 1995. 4

Table 3 A comparison of site and species data from survey -based and specimen -based databases for South Australia and for Kangaroo Island. 6

Table 4 Number of quadrats and the total area of the four mapped types of conservation land on Kangaroo Island. 18

Table 5 Number of fauna species recorded for each different conservation land use on Kangaroo Island. 19

Table 6 The numbers of species recorded only for a particular range of conservation land uses. 19

XI Development of a Biodiversity Database Appendices

Page

Appendix I Total Flora List for Kangaroo Island from a grid search of the database. 25-

Appendix II Total Fauna List for Kangaroo Island from a grid search of the database. 31

Appendix III Frequency list of terrestrial vertebrates recorded in Conservation Parks on Kangaroo Island. 35

Appendix IV Taxonomic list of terrestrial vertebrates recorded in Conservation Parks on Kangaroo Island. 41

v Development of a Biodiversity Database Acknowledgments

This project was made possible by a grant of $48 000 from the Australian Nature Conservation Agency National Reserves System Cooperative Program and we thank them for their invaluable support and to Dr Ian Cresswell for his helpful suggestions as the project progressed. -

The data that' comprises this database was collected by thousands of dedicated field biologists who, for over 100 years have been working, often in very difficult conditions, to collect, catalogue and describe the vascular plants and vertebrate fauna of South Australia.

We thank members of the State Herbarium who have supported this project, in particular, Dr Bill Barker, Dr John Jessop and Dr Laurie Haegi.

We thank members of the South Australian Museum who also supported the project, in particular, Dr Mark Hutchinson, Ms Lynette Queale and Dr Chris Watts.

We thank members of the Geographic Analysis and Research Group of the Department of Housing and Urban Development who are responsible for the South Australian Geographic Information System for their cooperation in providing ARC /INFO map layers in the correct formats to be incorporated into the Viridans software, in particular Mr lain Malcolm and Mr David Goodwins.

The Pastoral Management group in the Department of Environment and Natural Resources helped with the development of the project, provided data from their pastoral lease assessments and greatly assisted with computing problems, we particularly thank Mr Ashleigh Coombs.

The Nature Conservation Society of South Australia, as recipients of a grant which enabled the development of the database of lists of vertebrate species from areas on the Register of the National Estate which provided another important source of data for this work. Thanks for the efforts of Ms Helen Owens, their project officer for this program.

The many photographers who over the years have contributed to the Biological Survey and Research Section photographic collection and also to Victorian photographers who have provided photographs to Viridans all contributed to the high quality of the images included in the final database.

DENR field staff on Kangaroo Island particularly Mr Fraser Vickery, Mr Robert Ellis and Mr Jodie Gates for their early enthusiastic support for the system to be trialed on the island, we consider that they will find the results a useful aid in conservation management.

Mr Brenton Grear, and consultant Mr Chris Prescott who are responsible for the development of the Protected Areas Management System being developed for the Natural Resources Group of DENR discussed ways of linking the Viridans database into the PAMS structure, avoiding duplication of data and began consideration of responsibilities for maintenance of particular components of these two databases.

Finally, thanks to the members of the Biological Survey Coordinating Committee for their support over the years of systematic biological survey of this State which has allowed this database to be as extensive and accurate as it is. xv[ Development of a Biodiversity Database Introduction

BACKGROUND AND AIMS development proposal. The first of these development oriented biological surveys was For some years now the Biological Survey and carried out in 1994 at Messent Conservation Research Section, Resource Management Park in order to adequately assess the possible Branch, Department of Environment and impacts of a surface water drain proposed to be Natural Resources and the South Australian cut across the south east corner of the park as Museum have been carrying out a series of part of the Upper South East Dryland Salinity systematic surveys of the vegetation and and Flood Management Plan. In 1995 a survey vertebrate fauna of large regions of South of Yumbarra Conservation Park was Australia. Previous surveys have been completed in response to a mineral exploration conducted or are currently in progress for the proposal for the park. Although these surveys States Offshore Islands (excluding Kangaroo were related to particular developments with Island) (1971 - 1982), the South-East Coast more intensive sampling than the regional (1982 - 1983), Cooper Creek (1983, 1991), the surveys conducted previously, they utilised the Nullarbor Plain (1984), the Gawler Ranges standard sampling, analysis and presentation (1985), the Yellabinna area (1987), Kangaroo techniques developed as part of the Biological Island (1989 - 1990), Strezelecki Dunefields Survey of South Australia. (1988 - 1992), Murray Mallee (1990 -1991) Anangu Pitjantjatjara Lands (1991 -), the These surveys are planned by the South South Olary Plains (1991 - 1992), Diamantina Australian Biological Survey Coordinating River Area (1994), the Stony Deserts (1994 -) Committee which currently consists of the the North Olary Plains (1995 -), the Grassy following representatives: Dr Tony Robinson, Woodlands of the South East (1995 -) and the Chair, (Manager, Biological Survey and Grasslands of the Mount Lofty Block (1995 -). Research, Resource Management Branch, With the exception of the Offshore Island DENR), Mr Keith Casperson, (Scientific surveys and the recent more specialised habitat Officer, Biological Survey and Research oriented surveys, the regional boundaries of Section, Resource Management Branch, these surveys have been based on the DENR), Mr Peter Copley, (Scientific Officer, Environmental Regions and the Environmental Biological Survey. and Research Section, Associations described and mapped for South Resource Management Branch, DENR), Dr Australia (Laut, Heyligers, Keig, Loftier, Karen Edyvane, (Leader, Environment and Margules, Scott and Sullivan, 1977). In Conservation Program, South Australian addition to these vegetation and vertebrate Research and Development Institute), Mr surveys, vegetation sampling, analysis and Doug Fotheringham, (Senior Scientific mapping only has been completed or is in Officer, Coastal Management, Resource progress for the following areas:- South Mount Management Branch, DENR), Dr Laurie Lofty Ranges (1986), Tallaringa Area (1988), Haegi, (Assistant Director, Botanic Garden, Murray Mallee (1990), South -East (1991), DENR), Ms Leonie Heard, (Scientific Officer, Western Murray Flats (1991), Mid -North Geographic Analysis and Research , (1992), Burra Hills (1994), Yorke Peninsula Department of Housing and Urban (1994), Southern Eyre Peninsula (1995 -) and Development), Dr Mark Hutchinson, (Curator the South Australian Coast (1995 -). of Reptiles and Amphibians, South Australian Museum), Dr Bob Inns, (Manager, Wildlife A relatively recent development in the Management, Resource Management Branch, biological survey programme differs somewhat DENR), Mr David Maschmedt, (Land from those listed above in that they have been Evaluation Officer, Primary Industries South carried out in response to a need for biological Australia), Mr Rodger Tynan, (Senior information relating to a particular Rangelands Officer, Outback Management ,

1 Resource Management Branch, DENR), Dr 6 Establish this software at a series of Chris Watts, (Chief Scientist, South Australian selected locations, including the two NPWS Museum). District officeson Kangaroo Island the South Australian Museum, the State Under the Australian Nature Conservation Herbarium and the Kensington offices of Agency (ANCA) National Reserves System DENR and train selected staff in software use. Cooperative Program 1994/95 a grant of $48 000 was made to the Biological Survey and 7 Use this integrated Kangaroo Island Research Section, DENR for the data set to develop and map indices of `Development of methodology applicable to biodiversity and examine the existing ARC/INFO and biological databases to conservation reserve and heritage agreement illustrate nature conservation values of network to determine itsrepresentation of designated areas. In March 1995 this project the island's biodiversity. was re- negotiated with ANCA under the title `Development of a biodiversity database for 8 Comment on applicability of the assessing conservation values - Kangaroo method for broader use in the development of Island case study'. The project was to: a National Reserve System.

1 Establish a derived database and Negotiations were begun through the information retrieval system using Biological Survey Coordinating Committee to commercially available software and taking obtain access to appropriate data from into account SA Government computing Kangaroo Island held by the South Australian standards Museum, the State Herbarium, and the Pastoral Management Branch to add to biological 2 Incorporate into this software package a survey and related data already held by the series of statewide biogeographic, topographic Biological Survey and Research Section. In and selected land tenure coverage currently addition appropriate maps were sourced from held in digital ARC /INFO format in the South the South Australian Geographic Information Australian GIS. System.

3 Incorporate some more detailed In June 1995 a specialist biological databasing coverage for Kangaroo Island ie:- floristic company, Viridans Pty Ltd was contracted to vegetation andNPWS reserve fire establish a statewide biological database for boundaries from the GIS. vascular plants and terrestrial vertebrates of South Australia. 4 Derive a read -only database on the vegetation and vertebrate fauna of Kangaroo The specific aim of the consultancy was to use Island from thefollowing sources: this statewide database as a framework for a) The South Australian Biological more intensive biodiversity study of Kangaroo Survey Database Island. b) The South Australian Museum specimen databases for mammals, some birds, In addition to items 1- 8 above the reptiles and amphibians consultancy was required: c) The State Herbarium specimen databases for some plants To derive read -only files on the vegetation and d) The Vertebrate lists for areas of the / or vertebrate fauna of the whole State from National Estate developed by the Nature the following sources: Conservation Society of S.A. e) The Protected Area Management a) The South Australian Biological Survey System of DENR Databases b) The Royal Australian Ornithological 5 Develop simple data transfer Association Bird Atlas database procedures from all these databases into the c) The property assessment files of the Pastoral read -only software package to allow Management Branch at DENR regular updating of the database and potential d) The rare plant database at DENR. expansion to cover the whole State.

2. Development of a Biodiversity Database Methods

DATABASES The databases were transported to Melbourne on large- capacity, removable disk drives and Databases on the distribution of South were converted to Viridans database format Australian vascular plants and vertebrates were (VDF) during June and July. supplied by DENR in June 1995. In addition databases - for Kangaroo Island only - were Twelve distribution databases were established provided by the South Australian Museum in all and each was assigned a letter code. In (reptiles, amphibians and terrestrial mammals), addition the twelve were broken into two and the State Herbarium (vascular plants) database sets - one for flora, one for fauna. These databases are as follows:

Table 1 Composition of the Flora databases at October 1995

DATABASE NO. OF NO. OF SPECIES SITES RECORDS DENR survey data 11 458 275 583 (letter code S) DENR opportune data 245 2 177 (letter code O) DENR rare plant records 794 1 284 (letter code R) DENR non -rare plant 776 4 916 species associated with rare plants (letter code A) DENR pastoral lease 2 064 35 266 assessment plots (letter code L) Herbarium specimen 5 591 5 591 records (letter code H)

3 Summary ten - minute grid data (incorporates all data from other databases into a grid system - letter code G)

Table 2 Composition of the Fauna databases at October 1995

DATABASE NO. OF NO. OF SPECIES SITES RECORDS DENR survey data 1 592 99 684 (letter code S) DENR opportune data 6 015 10 362 (letter code O) NCSSA National Estate 291 14 622 lists (letter code P) RAOU Bird Atlas data 1 609 75 965 (letter code A) Museum specimen records 1 981 1 981 (letter code M)

Summary ten - minute grid data (incorporates amphibian collections are computerised and all data from other databases into a grid system they are stored on a PC -based system using - letter code G) TITAN software. All voucher specimens collected as part of the Biological Survey of Each of the database sets use a lookup table of South Australia are lodged in the Museum scientific and common names which are collections. The Vertebrate Taxonomic referenced to the databases via a unique database which is included in the SURVEY species code. database has been developed by the appropriate curators and collection managers The flora lookup table consists of 6 098 taxa at the museum and this list is published The fauna lookup table consists of 2 381 taxa periodically, the most recent edition being Watts (1990). The taxonomic list SAVERT Further details of the main databases that the which forms part of the present databasing Viridans databases were derived from are project is an updated version of Watts (1990). given below: It is closely similar to but not identical with the taxonomic list in the Museum's TITAN Biological Survey of South Australia database.

The standard database for all these surveys are State Herbarium held as part of the South Australian Geographic Information System (GIS) which The State Herbarium of South Australia, like is managed by the Geographic Analysis and the museum, has a very large collection of Research Group (GAR) in the Department of South Australian vascular plant specimens Housing and Urban Development. They are numbering in the order of 400 000. All held on a Hewlett Packard 900/847S with an voucher specimens collected as part of the HP -UNIX 9.04 operating system. Applications Biological Survey of South Australia are are currently written in POWERHOUSE but lodged in the Herbarium collections They they are in the process of conversion to currently have almost 60 000 specimens ORACLE. databased on a PC -based TITAN system. Groups on the database include, Eucalyptus, South Australian Museum Casuarinaceae, Selected Grass Genera, Solanaceae (most), Malvaceae (most), The South Australian Museum has a large Scrophulariaceae and Spyridium (part). The collection of mammals, birds, reptiles and Vascular Plant Taxonomic database which is amphibians from South Australia with included in the SURVEY database has been collections dating back to the late 1800's. At developed by the appropriate taxonomists at present only the mammal, reptile and the State Herbarium and this list is published

4 periodically, the most recent edition being that could in future be supplied to all regional Jessop (1993). The taxonomic list SAFLORA offices of DENR. Table 3 shows the current which forms part of thepresent databasing status of the Kangaroo Island database. project is an updated version of Jessop (1993). It is closely similar to but not identical with the Note that the Kangaroo Island offices were taxonomic list in the Herbarium's TITAN only supplied with the ten minute grid database. databases and not the site databases for the whole State. Pastoral Management DENR In Table 3, the number of species registered Since the early 1980's management advice to for South Australia is determined from the pastoral lessees in the rangeland cattle and standard species lists (SAFLORA and sheep grazing areas of South Australia has SAVERT), not the number recorded from sites been based on a land systems -based Rangeland in the total database, whereas the number Assessment process. Part of this approach recorded for Kangaroo Island is based on the involves setting up rangeland assessment sites survey data. at selected locations in each paddock of each property and collecting a standard set of data It should also be noted that since the Museum from each site. These sites are part of an and Herbarium data was only from Kangaroo ongoing monitoring programme to determine Island so the number of records for SA as a the affects of pastoral land management whole is not indicative of the Museum and practices on natural vegetation. Plant species Herbarium databases as a whole. lists (sometimes for the perennial species only, sometimes including ephemeral species) are In addition, there is data from both of these available for each of these sites . They are institutions that have not been databased yet. stored in an Microsoft ACCESS database. The For example, the museum records do not taxonomic list in this database is similar to but include any information on birds and there are not identical with SAFLORA. In the current still about 4 000 plant records from Kangaroo project pastoral assessment site species list Island in the Herbarium which have not yet data was down - loaded from sites from been added to their database. pastoral, leases in the Kingoonya and Gawler Ranges Soil Conservation Districts Within these constraints then, the purpose of this table therefore is to demonstrate the Royal Australian Ornithological Union Bird relative contributions to the database so far Atlas from survey -based data compared with specimen -based data and how the Kangaroo From 1977 to 1981 the RAOU coordinated a Island database compares with that of the State large group of volunteer ornithologists from as a whole. throughout Australia to visit and compile lists of bird species from every 1 degree latitude /longitude grid over Australia. In a large number of cases these records were recorded and stored in 10 minute latitude /longitude grid form. DENR has a set of RAOU Bird Atlas data available on the mainframe computer which is now part of the South Australian GIS in the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The present Viridans database utilises this RAOU Bird Atlas species records located by the centroids of the 10 minute grid

KANGAROO ISLAND DATABASE

As part of this project a separate flora and fauna database was established for Kangaroo Island. This is a model of the type of databases

5 Table 3 A comparison of site and species data from survey -based and specimen -based databases for South Australia and for Kangaroo Island

INFORMATION TYPE SOUTH KANGAROO AUSTRALIA ISLAND Total Number of Flora species 6 098 1 063 Total Number of Fauna species 2 318 317 Total Number of Flora sample sites 20 016 5 086 Total Number of Fauna sample sites 11 448 2 448 Number of Flora survey sites 15 478 548 Number of species from Flora surveys 3 616 844 Number of Herbarium specimen sites 5 086 5 086 Number of species from Herbarium specimens 862 862 Number of Fauna survey sites 9 984 944 Number of species from fauna survey 707 290 Number of Museum specimen sites 1 504 1 504 Number of species from Museum specimens 67 67

The distribution of these sample sites across South Australia and on Kangaroo Island are shown in

Figures 1 -4 .

Figure 1 The location of site -based flora data in the database in October 1995. Databases H, L, O, R, A and S are represented and each is indicated with a different symbol

6 Figure 2 The location of site -based fauna data in the database on October 1995. Databases M, O and S are represented and each is indicated with a different symbol Figure 3 The location of site -based flora data for Kangaroo Island in the database on October 1995. Databases H, O and R are represented and each is indicated with a different symbol

8 Figure 4 The location of site-based fauna data for Kangaroo Island in the database on October 1995. Databases M, O and S are represented and each is indicated with a different symbol

MAP COVERAGE GIS. Coverage included coastline, roads, rivers, lakes, park boundaries and heritage Digital vegetation maps produced as part of agreement area boundaries. Some editing was the Biological Survey of South Australia are done on the detailed coverage such as rivers also part of the South Australian GIS and are and contours to produce the final coverage. held on ESRI ARC -INFO software. This was necessary as the Viridans package is PC -based and some large coverage's which Viridans provided a 1:1 000 000 map base for work well on a mini- computer will be too slow South Australia in digital form which has been on a PC. set up to work in the Viridans system. This map includes coastline, state boundaries, PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES rivers, lakes, roads, built -up areas, town names and topography. A printout of the high Flora and Fauna resolution version of this map with the topographic background is shown in Figure 5. Part of the Viridans software is the facility to display descriptive illustrations of the flora and Viridans also digitised and provided 1: 1 000 fauna in the database. Viridans has captured 000 cover of original vegetation and soil for images of a number of South Australian South Australia. The vegetation map is shown species and these were incorporated into the in Figure 6. database provided. In addition a large number of images of the flora and fauna of Kangaroo The DHUD supplied Viridans with 1:50 000 Island were provided by DENR for the project. scale digital data for Kangaroo Island in ARC /INFO format from the South Australian All Biological Survey of South Australia sample sites are photographed in a standard manner as are all Pastoral Management rangeland assessment sites. All vertebrate sampling sites and all rangeland assessment sites are also permanently marked in the field and located as accurately as possible with current technology. The set of these site photopoints for all sites on Kangaroo Island were digitised and included in the Viridans database using the same conventions as for the plant and animal images.

Selected slides were scanned by Kodak Australia Pty Ltd and transferred to Photo CD as a standard "16 Base" product. Using proprietary image processing software the 512x768 pixel, 24 Bit colour, PCD image was colour optimised and sharpened as required and converted to 24 Bit colour PCX format.

For photopoint images and full screen images for individual species, standard cut and paste techniques were used on the above images to produce a collage on a standard grey background. The final image was saved as a 800x600 pixel, 256 colour, PCX image. The images are stored for the Viridans database in this format to allow them to load quickly, look good on the computer screen and give acceptable quality when printed

For smaller pictures used to illustrate species on species lists an appropriate portion of the images were cut and saved as 160x120 pixel, 256 colour BMP images.

An example of an animal image using one of the Viridans standard retrievals is shown in Figure 7. A site photo, again using a standard Viridans retrieval is shown in Figure 8.

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

In addition to the illustrations the Viridans software can incorporate descriptive text on the flora and fauna into the database. Those texts that have been completed for South Australian species are incorporated into the database (see Figure 7).

10 Woodland Tall Shrubland Shrubland Grassland Cneatal Success,on

Figure 5. The vegetation coverage of South Australia in the database National Parks CanseruatIan Parks WI Ide2rgness Areas Herit Areas MetIGelde Sealed Roads 29 ka tltlsealed Roads Tracts Figure 6. The high resolution map of Kangaroo Island showing conservation land types Cape Barren Goose Cereopsis novaehollandiae novaehollandiae GENERAL APPEARANCE A large, pale-day goose vAn a short black and bellow td. CALL A load honer, usually tad in light or Mien disturbed. Dr: Grasses, sedges and herbs Mud in the open grassy areas in which they graze. PEST: A mat of grassy or sedpymaterial den arranged in a slight depression in the g mood. NOTES: This is one of de rarest species al goose whose poWlabon has decreased drarnaacaly since European sealemetd of the native grasslands which formed as naval habitat. It is found most cam In reancoasNl grasslands (both native and non-nadae) in summer. It grazes in these amas but breeds only onoffshore Islands. PHOTO CREDIT V1rWans Biological Databases

r421+tP 1.u.:

2

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Figure 7. A standard printout of an animal image and associated information S04446 Number ofSpp: 17 Longitude: +136 °34472" latitude: -35°5292" Date: 08 Nov1990 Vegetation:Altitude: 86 Collector: 015WB0130001

...... ,...... , ,...... ,.a.,., .., ,... ,...

Figure 8. A standard printout of site location data Development of a Biodiversity Database Results

BIODIVERSITY OF KANGAROO ISLAND The biodiversity database for Kangaroo Island at present consists of `sites' in four separate The Viridans software allows a number of databases, DENR Flora Survey, DENR Fauna analytical procedures to be run which produce Survey, State Herbarium Records and SA standard outputs in the form of maps and text Museum Records. Note that a single 'site' in which can be readily transported and the first two contains multiple species records manipulated using MICROSOFT OFFICE while herbarium and museum 'sites' are a software which is the current DENR standard. locality record for a single species. The All illustrative material in this section has been sources of data in this analysis are shown in produced in this way. Figure 9

SOURCE OF SITE DATA IN KANGAROO ISLAND BIODIVERSITY ANALYSIS

6000 5000 ®DENR Flora Survey 4000 DENR Fauna Survey 3000 OState Herbarium Records 2000 O SA Museum Records 1000 0

DATA SOURCE

Figure 9. The sources of site data used in the Kangaroo Island Biodiversity analysis

15 Representation on the basis of number of species from each source is shown in Figure 10

SOURCE OF SPECIES DATA IN KANGAROO ISLAND BIODIVERSITY ANALYSIS

900 800 w 700 w ó 600 a K500 LLV 400 DENR Flora Survey OK 300 O 200 DENR Fauna Survey Z 100 OState Herbarium Records 0 O SA Museum Records 1

DATA SOURCE

Figure 10. The number of species from each source included in the Kangaroo Island biodiversity analysis.

In initial planning for this project it was proposed to use a biodiversity analysis for Kangaroo Island following procedures developed for East Gippsland in Cummings (1994). Unfortunately, this type of analysis required a digitised vegetation map and such a map was not available for Kangaroo Island before the deadline for completion of this project. An alternative approach was therefore used.

A 5 km grid was established over Kangaroo Island and the databases were searched for flora and fauna species richness for each grid cell. The results, divided into a series of eight classes are presented in Figures 11 and 12.

Any map layer coverage on Viridans can be isolated and used as a search polygon to derive species lists. An example of this type of search of the fauna part of the database is given below Unfortunately, the floristic vegetation map ARC /INFO cover was not complete by the deadline for this project so the only Viridans digital map cover that could be included in this analysis was that of the various categories of conservation land use on ' Kangaroo Island. Viridans uses pixel counts on scaled maps to calculate the various colour coded polygon areas and these statistics for Kangaroo Island are shown in Table 4.

16 H.:.,..^4CF_GLIUre,S=a MMEMEMwSOME NIMMIUMBEEkMAMEMMEMpsus!!j : a. :;r':;; OEM 'Ìa UMEi ECVS `; :UTIeiñ\ PECU-MEMMEMMMEEMEIEIEZEinD EEME AENE% V ®1 MEENEI® H MEMEMMEM 66I ;. $raF ï r urS r'r1F E* , r_{®$]i®;. -,n M arammommommim'M KR4°eENE ;mu{xjb`r i` ÿ'ñ EElZ ,iMMrM`Gsí : ":ï MEDVE.MM ;EEMEM ,M !:M

1 o r I. rr 1 l r r

. - - EMrMNEMEME!IwMM EMMM MM!'MEMrMEMMi NImaEME®MEMEE?MM.r1.! UMEMMWs.rMEMMOUMEMVMBUERE TEMMMEW EE7rMEE EMEMtaEEMSEé;ME'.íJMERJW EMEMMEUMMUMMa:M= UMW".2 ;EE ' =i[IM!ìUNIiME>- E1a,;IMMEMr`E iME®,i$!-- ® a ... ®Ti.\M ÓMBEM . E`!,,N MEMaMEMMMMM Table 4 Number of quadrats and the total area of the four mapped types of conservation land -use on Kangaroo Island

COLOUR QUADRATS % AREA % FEATURE \^''2)

118 350 11.9 707.5322 3.6 Wilderness Areas 179 104 3.5 242.5053 1.2 Heritage Areas 210 321 10.9 163.9223 0.8 Conservation Parks 241 288 9.8 331.413 1.7 National7arks 255 1871 63.8 18207.76 92.1 Other Land Use

TOTALS 2934 19762.95

It is then possible to retrieve a file of a l sites enc osed by each of these polygons representing different land uses. From this retrieval a graph was drawn showing the relative contribution of the three main databases to this analysis and this is shown in Figure 13.

CONTRIBUTION OF DATA BY SITE ON KANGAROO ISLAND 1400 1200 1000 800 M1IJa. . X Jt . . 1.. 600 400 , L , 200 t ^ CI DENR Survey . 0da7 iiiilr2 II,NE"' . . - DENR Opportune WILD NAT.PK CON. HER. OTHER OSA Museum PK AR.

LAND USE

Figure 13. The relative contributions of the various data sources for the different conservation land uses on Kangaroo Island.

Total species lists for Kangaroo Island from all the appropriate databases are provided in Appendix I (Flora) and Appendix II (Fauna).

The conservation land management polygon search described above can also be used to generate standard output species lists for the sites within that particular land management type. These lists can be presented in two ways, as a species frequency or as a taxonomically sorted species list. Examples for each of these types of lists, from the Conservation Parks of Kangaroo Island, are provided in Appendices III and IV.

Closer examination of the species lists produced by this analysis gives the results shown in Table 5

18 LAND USE NUMBER OF SPECIES WILDERNESS 124 NATIONAL. PK 103 CONS. PK 119 HERITAGE. AR 98 OTHER 107 TOTAL SPECIES 169

Table 5 Number of fauna species recorded from each different conservation land use on Kangaroo Island

The relative contribution of each land use to the conservation of the 169 species of vertebrate fauna in the biodiversity database is shown in graph form in Figure 14.

PERCENT:OCCURANCE OF VERTEBRATE FAUNA IN DIFFERENT LAND USES `ON,KANGAROO ISLAND

r , EiSeriesl

L r. WILD NAT RC CON OTHER PK

LAND ILSE

Figure 14. The percent occurrence of the total vertebrate fauna recorded in the database on the different conservation land uses on Kangaroo Island

It is clear that all land uses individually are effective in the conservation of between 60 and 80 percent of the vertebrate fauna of Kangaroo Island. Another way of looking at this type of data is to examine the number of landuses that each species is conserved in and this is shown in Table 6 below:

SPECIES REPRESENTATION IN RANGE OF LAND USE TOTAL

LAND USE ALL5 4 3 2 1 SPECIES 74 60 I1 11 13 169 COUNT

Table 6. The numbers of species recorded only for a particular range of conservation land uses.

19 Note that no species were found only on areas of the island in the non - conservation land use category of `OTHER' . The eleven species represented in only two of the conservation land use categories included:

Cygnus atratus Black Swan Oxyura australis Blue- billed Duck Ra11us pectoralis pectorafis Lewin's Rail *Alectura lathami lathami Australian Brush - turkey Puffinus tenuirostris Short - tailed Shearwater *Pavo cristatus Indian (Blue) Peafowl Neophema elegans Elegant Parrot Porzanafluminea Australian Crake Threskiornis aethiopicus Sacred (White) Ibis Isoodon obesulus Short -nosed Bandicoot Sminthopsis aitkeni Sooty Dunnart

The 13 species represented in only one of the conservation land use categories included:

Lerista dorsalis Southern Four -toed Slider Dacelo gigas Kookaburra Anas castanea Chestnut Teal Anas gracilis gracilis Australasian Grey Teal Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican Poliocephalus poliocephalus Hoary- headed Grebe Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Australasian Grebe Pelagodroma marina White -faced Storm -Petrel *Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Turtle -dove *Turdus menda menda Blackbird Glossopsitta concinna Musk Lorikeet Porzana pusilla Baillon's (Marsh) Crake Threskiornis spinicollis Straw- necked Ibis

These low frequency species in the database water -birds and sea - birds, and recent arrivals can also be detected in the total species list on the island such as Blackbirds and Spotted from examination of the frequency table in Turtle -doves which are at present restricted to Appendix III. They are a mixture of specie that small discrete areas. appear to be genuinely rare or difficult to observe such as Sminthopsis aitkeni, species Identical analyses can be carried out on the that are poorly sampled through the survey vascular plants using the same retrievals in the techniques used as well as being poorly Flora section of the Biodiversity database represented in Museum collections such as

20 Development of a Biodiversity Database Future Developments

Like all these types of databases in Australia at the present project, such networking would, in present, the South Australian Biodiversity reality pose considerable practical difficulties. Database has many gaps. The programme of systematic site -based biological surveys in this In addition the Viridans software provides a State over the last ten years has however begun combination of databases, map and image files to fill in many of these gaps in our knowledge that to our knowledge is not available of the State's biodiversity. Where a systematic anywhere else in a single software package. It biological survey has been completed, such as does not, and does not pretend to be a for Kangaroo Island, the Viridans biodiversity competitor with or substitute for the large and database has allowed us, for the first time, to expensive packages such as ARC/INFO, but it carry out the preliminary analysis of the does provide easy access to this large body of vertebrate fauna biodiversity described above. biological data. The inclusion of specimen data from the SA Museum and the State Herbarium in this This project has established that both databases combined derived database is a first for South stored on a variety of software can be Australia, and probably for Australia as a converted to Viridans format and future whole. Even the Kangaroo Island coverage downloads from the range of databases however is still incomplete since at the time of included in the present project will be carried establishment of the present database there out in -house by the Biological Survey and were still approximately 4000 Herbarium Research Section of DENR. specimens from Kangaroo Island not in their TITAN database and hence unable to be Specific map files in Viridans, although included in the derived Viridans Biodiversity derived from ARC/INFO PCX files will still Database. Likewise, none of the bird need to be set up, and in some cases edited by collections from the South Australian Museum Viridans to run quickly and efficiently on this could be included as the task of setting up a PC -based software. TITAN database for their bird collections has just begun. All subsequent species and site photographs will be added to and maintained in the South The Viridans software has provided an Australian Viridans system in -house without inexpensive, user - friendly, PC -based system any further involvement of Viridans Pty Ltd. which not only allows the data holding institutions to carry out plotting and data The system is established on three computers analysis functions That were not possible for in DENK offices on Kangaroo Island and links them to do in -house before, but it has brought will be developed to the PAMS software when together a consistent basic derived database of it is set up on Kangaroo Island. These two all the significant collections of geo -coded complimentary systems will be trialed for a information on the vascular plants and period to determine how field staff are using terrestrial vertebrate fauna of South Australia. them but there is clearly agood possibility that the systems will be ultimately expanded to all It is theoretically possible to network all these DENR regional sites. In the case of the collections, in spite of the wide range of Biodiversity Database component this will different software and database types that they require the development of ten or eleven are established on, but, given the range of regional sub -sets similar to the Kangaroo variation even in the four basic fields derived Island part of this project, to enable from these institutional databases revealed by

21 appropriate region specific map bases to be developed.

There is clearly a considerable amount of extra work to obtain, digitise and add to the database high quality photos of a majority of species of vascular plants and terrestrial vertebrate fauna but a solid start has been made with the Kangaroo Island regional section of the database.

There is also an equally large task to incorporate all the site photos that exist for every Biological Survey site and each Pastoral Management Rangeland Assessment site in the State. A proportion of these photos are time sequences at a particular site. An exciting future prospect however, once this is complete will be to investigate innovative ways of incorporating the digital data comprising this extensive collection of photos of South Australian natural landscapes with their associated flora and fauna data, into a new sort of biogeographic analysis. There is no doubt that this systematic site -based photographic record with associated flora and fauna data is unique in the world and making use of this resource in the systematic understanding of variation and, ultimately, change through time at tens of thousands of sites spread across the State is an exciting prospect indeed.

The Viridans Biodiversity Database project for South Australia has already successfully demonstrated that it is a cost - effective way of making modem biological survey and more traditional taxonomic collection data available to answer ecological and management questions on an attractive, PC -based system that can be widely dispersed to interested biologists and wildlife managers without in any way compromising the integrity of the larger and much more complex main databases which will still continue to be the responsibility of the individual data custodians.

22 Development of a Biodiversity Database References

Cummings, B. (ed.). (1994). Assessing Jessop, J.P. (ed.). (1993). A List of the Diversity in Natural Heritage: Report of Vascular Plants of South Australia. the Diversity Workshop held at the Edition IV. The Botanic Gardens of Australian Heritage Commission, 20 Adelaide and State Herbarium. October 1993. !993 Technical Workshop Series No. 2. Watts, C. H. S. (ed.). (1990). A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia. Laut, P., Heyligers, P.C., Keig, G., Loftier, E., Biological Survey Coordinating Margules, C., Scott, R.M. and Sullivan, Committee and the Department of M.E. (1977). Environments of South Environment and Planning Australia.. Canberra: CSIRO Division of Land Use Research.

23 Development of a Biodiversity Database Appendices

Appendix I

TOTAL FLORA LIST FOR KANGAROO ISLAND FROM A GRID SEARCH OF THE DATABASE.

The details and map below show the grids searched for this retrieval.

25 South Australian Flora

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Anda ulnaua goldrba made Broma. diandroe Kingston grass Acacia bracbybotrya Fonts/go-bath Bromes bardeaux up. hordeaceus soft bmme Acacia cdamifolia udloua Bramas madritends Madrid brume Anda continua Morn wattle Brown rigidas rigid bmme Arada cydops western coastal mottle Bulbine semibarbata annual Intake-Ilk Acacia dodonaeifolia black wattle Bxcbardia umbel'''. milkmaids Anda Idophylla coma golden wattle Bernath' nigricam fire orchid Acacia ligulata Mine wattle Bonaria spinosa South Australian Christmas bus Acacia longifolia var. sophoras coax sallow wattle Calcite maridma up maritima sea rocket Acacia myrtifolia Myra /e wattle Caladenia carox var. carota pink fingers Anda myrtifolia var. myrtle wattle Caladenia dilatata complex fringed spider -orchid Acacia myrtifolia var. angustifolia narrow-leaf matte Caladenia filamentosa var. filamentous daddy -log -legs Acacia paradora hedge mottle Caladnia frlamentosa rus. tentaculata wispy spider-orchid Acacia pycnntha golden wattle Caladenialadrala broad- leaf eale/enia Acacia retinodn var. rednodn silver wattle Caladenia minor pigmy caldnfa Acacia retinodes var. redonda. (bill form) Caladenia swats Kangaroo I.sfad.piideruchid Anda rdinoda var. undfolia coati siler wank Caladenia prolata Acacia rupicole balm wank Caladenia sp. spider -orchid Acacia sp. wattle Caladeniavanda Ataca spinssans spiny wattle Calandrinta bmipedata shoaealkedpurslane Acada triquets make *reads wank Calandrinla calyptrata pink purslane Acacia verddllata plckyMoses Cdandrtnia corrigioloides straw purslane Amasa novaeadandiae biddy-biddy Calandrinia sp. Amena atourovina Cdlistemon rugdxa var. scarlet bottlehneh Achnopbmn tata Kangaroo Island daisy Cdllatemon anguleux var. rogdam scarlet bottÍehnnh Adanthar cardata sr. Calaos cantatas limestone cypress pine Acianthus caudated rar. cardan mayfly orchid Maritsa lumina Moray pine Adanthoa sp. mosquito orchid Caliltrt. rhomboidal Oyster Bay pine Acrotriche amas prickly hareypocs Calochllus roberbonii hewn -heanl Aautricte cordata bhmNeafgruutd -henry Calytda glaberrima smooth fringe-myrtle Acroslche depress, ratio manna Calytria ameatoniana K Banta Island fringe-myrtle Acrotdche fascicdillora Masan Lofty groad-heny Calytrkx tttragoaa commoifringe- myrtle Acrotdche halmaturina Kangaroo bland grand -berry Cardamine paucijuga Acrotdche patilla prickly ground -berry Cardan. terminons deader thistle Acrotdche serrulata cushion ground-berry Carr appresa ta//.mdge Adenanthas macropodiana Kangaroo Islaidgland-flower Cares brevicdmis Adenantha terminals yellow gland-flower Caret fascicalaris tame! sedge Adiantum uthioninm common maiden-hair Cain sp. Adriana klomschii apart hitterhush Carpobrotms road RO.MS non- flower Agresti.avenaceavar. avenara annual Blown -grass Carthames lanatx saffron thistle Agres W billardieri var. billardied coati blown -gran Cauina unau sticky casrinla Aira caryophyllea silvery hair-grass Cauytba glabella forma dispar slederr-laserel Aira capanlans hair -gran Cnylha me ant's* swarm deader-/sire/ Ais eleganduima up. degantiaima delicate hair-gnus Cauytba peninsularis rar. peninsdaris peninsula dodder-laurel Allocxuarina mudleriamanp- awled oak -bush Cauytba pubesuas downy dodder-laurel Allocnuarina muelltriana up. nolocolpica Kangaroo Island oak -bosh Cusytha sp. dodder laurel Allocuuarina sp. shroak/oak -bush Caxtis pentandra thick twist-rush Allocaaadoa strata moll bull oak Centaurium spieatum spike cmaary Allomuarina vertidltatu drooping Amok Centrolepis manta pointed cent:Wep /s Alysia burifolia dysentery bush Centrolepis cephaloforms asp. Ammophila arenada maims gra Centrolepis cephalofonnia sap. murrayi cushion cearolepis Amphibromus nervosa, Centrolepis fucicularis tufted cast Amagdlit arveusis hke pimpentel Centrolepis polygyna wiry centro/epis Angiantha preissianas common cup-flower Centrolepis sp. Apdrehlamya tpectabilis fraise tobacco Centrolepis stdgoaa hairy centrcde pis Aphelia gratifia slender aphelia Geranium glomastum broad-leaved monk-ear chic Aphelia pumilio dwarf aphelia Carnations semidecandnm .small mouse-ear chickweed Aphelia sp. Chamaescilla corymboaa var. corymbosa blue. squill Apium osmium annual celery Chdlanthes austrotenuifolia rock fern Apium prostratum up. proaratum rar. filiforme Chairman. volubilis twining finger-flower Apium pranatum up. prostramm rar. prostration Chenopodium glaucous glarcom gmsrfiwn Arctotheca calendula Cape dandelion Chenopodium sp. gosefat Arenarla thyme- leaved .wadwart Choretrum glomtratum var. sour-hush Argentipallium obtusifolium blunt everlasting Choretrum glomeratem var. glomeratum berry broesmhrrd Artbropodium striatum common chocolate -lily Choretrum sp. Amenda malaria woodruff Charters= apimum berry harimbs& Asperula eurypbylla var. tetraphylla broad -leaved woodruff Chorisands mods black bristle -nods Atterolada monada Chryucephdmm apicolatum common everlasting Astroloma conauphioidea flame heath Cittium .p. Astroloma humifoaum cranberry Math Clematis microphylla .call -leaf clematis Atriplea doerm coast saltbush Comeaperma calymega blue milkwut Atriplex paladina np. cordas. Comesperma volubile love creeper Avelinio miche ii a Conospermum pates slender coapermum Avena barbata beadded oatot Coavolvulus sp. Avena sp. Correa aemula hairy correct Beechen crassifolia desert bueckea Correa decumbens .spreading cures Media ericaea mot Medea Correa pukbella salmon canna S uckes ramosissima np. ramosiadma nary haecheu Corral relax B atakes sp. Correa realer. vus. tenants thlckJeafcnrea Banksta marginata dwarfhmepuck/e Correa reflex. var. nummulariirolta Kangaroo Island cameo Banksia ornata desert bmkslu Correa refeaa var. retina COTTON S auna rubloides wiry basera Correa sp. cerato B aumea arthrophylla Correa sp. alt. calycina Baumta junco hare nag-rash Corybu sp. helmetuchid Bertya rotundifolia Kangaroo Island berya Cotilla austnlS common cdnla Beyeria lechcnaultii felted wallaby -bosh Cotula coroaopifolla Amnon weed Beyeria subteen Kangaroo Island arrrp¡weatine bus Craspedia glauca hatchelar buttons BBlardlera bignoniacea wage bellcl/mher Croula daiana stalked csmda Bilardlera cymaa setapple-berry tramuta decumbent var. decumbent spreaGtg cracnda Bi lardien procumbeas white mwlaah Croula amass var. minus fidamg cranta Billarditca sp. apple -berry Cranmla peduncularis purple craumla Btllardlera uninora single - flower apple -berry Cram'. sieberiana up. tetramera Australian manila Billardlera versicotor le apple-berry Critesian hyurix Mdierrantart barley -grass Btechnum nudum fishbane nurcr -farts Critesian marinmm barley Blechuum wattsü had water -fern Criterion marinate up. glaocum northern haey gram Boronía coeniacena up. coeslnua blue boronía Critesioo murinum up. leper-imam barley -grate Baronial edwardtii Edwards' boronía Critesion sp. Boronia frlifrlia simile, hrrmla Crucifene sp. Brachycome concitaba Cryptandra hispidula rough emyptandra Brachycome .sils ,/ewer daisy Cryptandra leucophnrta nayppison Brachycome udginess daisy Cryps.adra sp. Brachyloma ericoides np. Cryptandra waterhoasìi lang-kaf cryprandra Brachyloma edcoidn cap. bicolor brush heath Cynicula deforms blue fairies Brachyloma sp. Cynosure. .chions sigh dogs- tail gran Brachypodium dstachyon false brame Cyptraceae sp. Bracteantha bractata golden everlasting Cyperas sp. Brisa maxima hbw4(v grau Cyperx tenants, tiny flat -.sedge Brisa minor lever waking-gyms Cyprus vagi flatwdge

26 South Australian Flora

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name

Cyphanthera myosolidea Catania hystris Kangaroo Island saw - sledge Cynustylis renformi, Cabala laoigera black gene vawaedge Cynmrylis robusta Gahnia sieberiana red -Jrnh culling-gross Dacty lo filaments cokv -floc Gated* sp. culling grass Dampier. lanceolate var. insularis Gahnia trifide acting gran D anthoaaa escapism's bre/ by.gem Callum australe tangled bedstraw Danthonia genitalan ed wallaby -grass Callum binifolium Danthpnia rattiness var. ncemusa slender wallaby -gran Gallant compactum D anthonia sancta var. mulcts bristly wallaby-gram Galium divaricmum slender bedmaw Danthonia sp. wallaby grata Galium gaudichasdii nnegh bedreraw Darwin. mkropet.b small darwbla Galium mignus Darwin'. micropetala small darwinla Galium murale .smallbedsaaw Devon glochidiaus Australian cased Galium sp. Daviesia 'spends sm. Gastradla anamoides cinnamon bells Daviesia asperul. op. upend* Kangaroo Island biller -pea Ceijersa linnrifolia oil bush Heeled. benlhamii sp. humilia mollee hiaer.pea Genoplesium nigrimns black midge hid Daviesia brevifelia leafless hlter -pea Cranium malle var. molle crams bill Danesi. genisdfolia broom hisser-pea Geranium potcntilloides var. potemilloides cranes-bill Daviain kptophyla narrow-leaf baler-pea Geranium retronum common craws -hill Daviesia ulicifolis gorse hiller -pea Geranium solanderi var. salmederi Awmallan crues bill Derwentia derwentians Gladiolus undulates wild gladiolus Desmazeria rigid* few, gram Gleicbenia microphylla eaulfent DianaI a scrotum Clischrocaryon bebrii golden pennants Dianells revolata var. brevicaulis sloe -stem par oily Glycine lasrobeana clover glycine D iane's revaluta var. revelers black-avaherpar -lily Cnaphalium indumm liuy named Dianella sp. pas Illy Gompholobium econatum dwfwedgetea Dichelachne crinita long -hair plome -grass Gonocarpus madams broad-leaf ragman Dichondn repass Tom Thumb Gonoearpes « tragynus cowman ressue' Dillwynia glaberrima .smooth parnu -pea Goodnia amplesans classing graduals Diilwynia hispida rhssnyparnr -peo Coodenia blackians ,olive primrose Dillwynia urina showy parro -pea Goodenia gniculata bent grecleaia Diploaxb sanatoria Lincoln weed Goodenia cvata hop wacknia Disphyma crauifotium up. clavdiasum round-leaf alpine Goodell& sp. Diuris an. corymbosa bulldogs Coadnia varia .a/cky gnxxknia Muds brevifolia late donkey - orchid Good's lotifolia var. Dodonaca baueri crinkled hoye -huch Good's lotifolia var. lotifolia clover -nee Hedonism hexandra honrad hop -hush Cramineae sp. Dodonaca humilia dwarf hop-bush Cratio4 sp. Dodonam sp. Gravilles ilicifolia var. holly-leaf granites! Dodonam viscosa asp. Gravities ilitifolia var. ilicifolia holly hush Dodonaca viscosa sap. angostinima narrow-lemvdhrip -brash Grevillea linnrifolia small - flower grevillea Hedonism vistas. sap. spatula(' ukeake Grevillea murfnta Kangaroo Island spider-flower Drosera auracslata erricullam Grevillee paucities. asp. few-flower grevillea Dauer* binata forked .mmkw Gravities paucities, sep. pauciflora Port Lincoln grey:/lea Drosera glnduligera scarlet Gravillea quinquenervia five-veined grevillea Drosera macrantha up. planchonii climbing.mmhw Greenlet rogenii grevillea Drosera pdtaa pule .naakw Gyrettemon thmiddn broom w/aeell Drosera pygmies any sandew Haimrdia cylindrica cmar bah -gran Drosera sp. mm/ew Hakes autism" enigma hakea Drosera whittakeri Whinaker:vmildew Hake. carinate mete hakea Ehrharta calycina perennial veldt gran Hakea muelleriana desert hakea Ehrhart* longiflora aasana/ veldt grase Hakes rostrata beaked haken Eieocharb acuta commonoar ssike-nssh Hakes rugosa dwarf bakers Elencharis sphacelaa tall.srike -hush Hake. sp. Empodisma minus Hakes vistas. limestone nced/ebnsh Encbylaens Contents= var. tomenlosa harrier sallbush Halorgis acuungula formaacusangula smooth renown Epacris impressa common heath Halongis brswish .swamp raspwosrl Epilobium billardierianum sep. annual variable willow -herb Halongis sp. manors Eremophile glabra asp. Halosarcia halocaemoides up. grey glanwwt Erimlemon angustifolim ssp. angustifalius Halosarcia halmnemoides up. halocnemoides grey glaseware Erodium bolrys big Moms hill Halosarcia pergranubu asp. pergranulata Erodinm dnlarium commas: comfixr Halosarcia sp. glass-von Erodium sp. Hardenbergia violaces false.w.ra/arilla Eucalyptus streavav Mown saingybak Hedypnois rhagadialoidn Eucalyptus bazleri Barter's strisgybnrk Helichrysum leucoptideum coma everlasting Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. river red gum Hemichroa penandra trailing hemichro Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldalensis Murtryred gum Herb sp. Eucalyptus dadocalyx Hibbertla acicalas prickly guinea - flower Eucalyptus eneorifolia Kangaroo Island narrow-kW Hibberlia aspen Eucalyptus conglobata Pon Lincoln mallen Hibbard* ...niacin pricklygaiuea -power Eucalyptus cosmopbyila bggnm Hibbard. paenimnlada pe.ninmla guinea-flower Eucalyptus diversifolia Small *erratical cros/ malice Hibbard. psalmist Dwelled grdnee fl =u er Eucalyptus dumosa angra mollee Hibbard. riparia gai.sea-f/nwer Eucalyptus fasciculma hill gum Hibbeni. riparia glabriusmla Eucalyptus lanadowneanasap. Hibbard. sericea var. silky guinea-flower Eucalyptus lanadowneana asp. albapurpurea Pore Lincoln ¡prom Hibbard* udcea var. major large guinea-Wooer Eucalyptus leptopbyua 'asno w-leesf red ma/lee Hibbard* sedan var. scabrifolia magh- leaf ghdoea- flower Eucalyptus lmmayloo South A.amlims blue gum Hibbertia aerima var. stricea silky gwmea- flower Eucalyptus Imnnyion up. Smash Atuvaliai bluse gent Hibbard. sp. guinea-flower Eucalyptus leucoxylon up. lcucoxylun South Arawakan hlne gam Hibbard& sp. A Lihn.l guinea-flower Eucalyptus leucoxylon sap. leucoxylon South Australian h /rae gum Hibbard* sp. D scrambling geinees-lliwer Eucalyptus leucoxylon cep. megalocarps large -fnl/ blue gem Hibbard* sp. C round- leaf gvi,muPower Eucalyptus obliqua marinate Hibbard. scricta Eucalyptus oblique var. obliqua merman Hibbard, strict. var. stalked guinea- flower Eucalyptus odorant mallet las Hibberna virgata twigpPilika-flower Eucalyptus oleosa acorn Holan 'meatus herkshire fog Eucalyptus meats gum Holan setusus Eucalyptus remote Kangaroo Islasd masar`/lee ach Hydrocotyle nilicarpa tiny petaywv/ Eucalyptus rugosa Kingscole mollee Hydrocotyle comocarpa Eucalyptus socialis beaked red maltee Hydrocotyle crassimcula spreading/wnywu/ Eucalyptus sp. Hydrocoryle rovedas. yellow pamywexa Eucalyptus viminalis ma. cygnesemis rough -bark mano gran Hydrocotyle bina hairy pranywerl Euchìsom ensiler Hydrocotyle lasiaon sinkingpetnywrt Enchain* sphaericus Japanese mdweed Hydrocotyle macusa mousy pea ywert Euphorbia paralias u satiric. Hydrocotyle sp. Euphorbia peplos pe /ysurge Hypochoeris glabra smooth "Wren' Eaphrasia collina ssp. tetragona cross cysright Ilypochoerit radicata paweed Estais. microphylla var. eggs-and-bacon Hypmhotris sp. Wised' &stasis microphylla var. microphylla tima Hypolaena futigiau tared rope-rush Exocarpos apbyllus mcherors losan Ilypelepis ngosula study gnaud -kni Exocarpos cupressiformia thong hallart !salepis amtra4eads Fimbristylis sp. ladepis cans. Frankenia folios& lath, sea -hearh holepb Habana flowing club-rush Frankenaa pauciflora var. fruticulosa common. sea -heath (solepia hookeriana Frankenaa seuilis small-leaf sxva -hect /h bolepis marginata coarse club-nosh Gabnia darks tall.sawwedge ladepb nodosa knobby club -rush Cabala dust. limestone mw -.wdge bolepis plarymrpa Gabnia Alum c/mpy sawwedge Isolepis prosiness

27 South Australian Flora

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Isolepù sp. nitrate= parados wiry mtlrewarl Iselapis slam* star club-rush Month amtnlasia meets hopogon centophyllus cone-bush Mon sp. laiolaenuupina stalked isidaenu Mueblenbeckta adpressa climbing figurate Ixodia schillaeoidn tip. Muehlenbakla pond coastal climbingwrlgrarla laodia achillabida asp. schillaeoides coast ;ndla Myoporom brevipa bmhi / Ixodia achillaeoides asp. alata fireweed Myoporum imslare common hrdialla Juncos bufooim toad ash Myopoem viseosum dicky hmdian Juncos cap' capitan ash Myosotis annals auardjorget- me-rtea Juncos ef=m soft nosh Myriophyllum olium Junta kraussit sea rush MriPhlumY mueel en hooded water-rid/foil Junos pallida pale rush Myriophy llumMadamsp. JYncm paucinorus lisamflower rash Myriophyllum sp. water -mill Juncus planifolius bawd-leaf rush Malumuspsngoidn bridal creeper Junos proceros Mirada ap.. Dillon bade Juncossp. Ole. climatic, olive Kenndia prostrata hg postman Oleana salmis can dairy -bush Konnte pomifera muntries Olearia cilia'su ar. tiling fringeddairy-buvh Lageoifera stipitata var. stipitata blue bottle -daisy Olearia crovar. uqs. mifo0a Kangaroo Is frigwdairy- Laguna, maus hoes tail grau Olearia o small- flower dalag -bush Lasiopetnlum baueri .slender velvet-bush Okada random' twiggy daisy -hush Lasiopetalum behrii pink velvet-hush Olearia radis sure daisy -bush Lasiopetalum discolor a :ti velvet -hab Olearia teretifolia cypress daisy-hash Lasiopetalum echohell drooping whet -bush Opercula ris da stalked sankweed Lasiopetalum sp.'Cordate- lavd'(H.P.Vaoaw 'IG) Opercularia Melds twigggKyvstinkweed Lasiopetalum s tepped Operndaria atria variable. stinkweed Lavafern plebei¢ Australian hollyhock Lawrencia spicate salt /awrencia Orthotnm striatum Maned orchid taxmannia oriatilis dwarf wire-lily Ot bm megatons Kangaroo Island iris Lepidium roltosum leafy peppereress Osteospennum Lepidobolus dapemcolem sxale.vhedder (Melia *wanton* p lily Lepidosperma canneti' hoary Oxalis animistsup. conkulata creeping oxalis Lepidosperma carphoides Mark rimiereeadggre Oxalis pennons native sorrel Lepidosperma concavum sind -hillsword, Osale pes-caprae Bermuda buttercup Lepidosperma tengests= sword-sedge aaemnm ens notched hush-everlasting Lepidospenaa gladiattm smdhi/l sent -se Papaveraelntum bristle poppy Lepidosperma laterale sharp sword -se Parahebe tirna Derweal.peedwell Lepidosperma semitten wire rapier Pant incurva coast huh- grans Iepidoaperma sp. sin Parutucel e latifolla I1011 hartsia Lepidosperma vùddom sticky sswrduedge Parietals debit's shade pellitray Leporella nmbenta fringed hare-orchid Pannonia fragilis short purple -flag Leptoarpos ten= slender twines -rush Pelargniumamirale nrall.starkv -bill Leplomeria aphylle leafless currant-bush Pelargonium littorale e kepata Leptorhynchos squamata scaly buttons Ptroie matant. Kangaroo /Had mumstickv Leptospermum continentale prickly lea-oree Penorhsgaq hairy pink Leptospermum lanigentm silky tea -tree Pheballum equestre Kangaroo Iswd phehalinm Leplospermum myninoides heath lea -tree Phyllanth msmtnlù pointed spurge Lepyrdis valliculae Kangaroo Island scale -nosh Phyllaotbm sp Leucophyta brownii cushion-hush Phyllota d i pigmy c/nhmnss Leucopogon cancan scrambling beard-heath Phyllota droida heathyplyl/ma Leucopogon costata twiggy heard -heath Phyel n lavais slender /hg/=a Leucepogon hinutus hairy heardheath Pinseln Nava asp. diatom: riceflawer Leueopogon lancealatua lance beard -tenth Pinnies (lava up. nave diusma rice/lower Leucopogon parvinorus coast had -heath Pinnies gava up. Oar yellow riceflawer Leucopogon rotas teddy heard -heath Pimento smooth riceflower Leucopogon sp. heard-heath Pim macatlar Kangaroo Island ric /aver Leucopogon wodsit hatean heard -heath Pimdnectophyll.t curved H Bowe Lichen sp. mdea drowsy ricefbewer Ltliaceae sp. Madamectophylla up. Lindanta linerie necklace fe Pimelea oidn Math rlc fuser Lissanthe strigosa peachheath Mantles tep. serpYllifolia thyme riccflower Lobelia alati angled !the/la Pimelea sp. l/aw Lobelia gibbosa false orchid Pimdnst eta erect Lobelia pradoides poison lobelia Pines alpe pine Loggia crassifolia cowl !aging Pintos radiate Monterey pine Loggin imularis Kangaroo Akan( !ageing Plantago hispida hairy plantain Loganis linifolia flea-leaf Plantigo Ian obl tain var. lancblata ringrau Loganta ovals lgada Plahlac hear ae= aanmorflat -pea Logaeia sp. Platysace heterophylia var. Platysace heterophylla var. he alla cant parsley Loliumaloliaceum Wimmera ryegrau Platysace heterophylla var. topped Kangaroo isladplarymce Latium rimdom WImmera ryegrate Pea faauiaud= thick -des pox Lotions ap. Pea fn .scab' meabwgrast Lomandra collina .sa dhill ma-nuh Pea s Kagarrses Island pa Laosanden micranthuap. .small - flower mat -rush Pea po.formù coast p: Lomandra micrantha sap. tuberculata small- flower ma -nosh Pouf. meadow-gram Lophochloa sp. Pod tessera .slender tussock gram Lotus australi' Australian trefoil Podolepis aemcnr bright pokdepss Lot= antenna red hintsfma t hall Padoepi ja a Amy capper -wire daisy L=ola flaccida pale wxdas'h Pdots var.ttonlia pleated prideph' Lycium ferocissimum African haathrn Pohecatetrapbyllpolio sticky towheads Lycopodiella Innsatin slender c /nhmacs Polycarp um oilseed Lythrum hyssepifolia hysap /wavesi fe Polypogon maritimus coact heard - grate Mairama oppositifolia heathy hltahnh Polypogon msperalienda manual heard-gran' Marrubium volgare horehound Pomadmis aspen haelpmakrrio Mdiaga minima var. minima little medic Pomaderets halmaturiea ssp. Mdicoga polymorphe var. polymorphe burr-medic Pomaderris hdnrdaea tep. M1nimvbrinr Kangaroo hla d pemaderris Mdicago trunatula Karel medic Pomaderris ernria wedge -l. fpnmalerris Mdaleuca acuminati ma /Ice honey-myrtle Pemaderris panria coast pm,dMnis Meldete brevifolia short-leaf honey-myrtle Pomaderris paoicWosa up. paean coast pmderriv Mdaleuca decussata crass-/easd hrmeywryrt/e Poranllsen Mdaleuca gibbosa slender honey-myrtle Porenthen Math Armthera Mdaleuca halmaturorom South Australian swamp paper -h mtrrophyllamicrophylla small poranihera Mdaleuca lanceolata b lack tea-tree Potin tda um fatatinglxadweed Melaleuuuquames heath h neymyrde Pravpbysera datum td/ leek -orchid Melaleon undnati black imam Pennothen uyy raan mintlmsh Malotue indica Nathan' scent Prosnnthera ahlonn[ha game minahuh Micrantheum dentitions dwarf micrm thrum Pmmnthert serpyllifolia up. serpylPhylia small- leaf mimhnh Microcybe pauciflora ye /low miamyhe Prmtanthera spinoslifaliv up. mrPYllifolia thyme mint/rush Mioolana 'lipoides var. stipoides meadow rice -grate Pseuti=hesa a .spiny mbahnsh Microsertr lanceolata minnow Prnd nltumtbalbum d pas em matured Micron fatetoam Pterium ulesvm mistral bracken Microtis orbicular's swamp onion-orchid Pterestylis raa saipedgreenJxd Miilotia myasotidifolia broad-leaf milling Pterostylisloran flaked green-hood Minotia tenutfolia var. tenuifolia soil natant, Pterostylia loan lie tall green -Mod Mimulus repens creeping monkey -flower Pterostylis pana d fgreen -hod Minuania mediterranea fine-lamed madam: Manama, pdsosalata maroon-hood Mitrasecme distylis tinymiaemrl Ptermrylù Plummy bearded green-hind

28 South Australian Flora

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Pterestylis sanguines bleadgreenMnd Stipa hemipogon hap / -heard yxm -gran Pterostylh volcan banded green -Mood Stipa mollis sta.yxar -grau ?Motus beckerianus irasno a mulletmnlfa Stipa muhispinlis .mafl aspear-grace Pucdnellia strict. var. ''rosta Australian saltmarsh -gran Stipa semibtbata barbed. year-grass Pultenaea aceron bristly bush -pea Stipup. spear-gram. Peltenan canaliculata var. sp hush-pea Slips stipoida 4 V spear - (f,m,ass Pultenaea canaliculata ver. canalicuIam coast hash -pea Sluartina muelleri spurn cudweed runteaes' daphnoides large -leaf bush pea Srylidium ealearatum Pultenaea demifolia dense-leaved hush-pea $tylidium despectum small trigger-plant Pultenaea largiforeus twiggy hush-pea Stylid'um graminifo'ium grate trigger-plant Pu!tnses rigida vu. pungent bush-pea Stylidium inundatum bunubeat and thou: way Pennon rigida var. rigida island hush-pea Stylidium perpusillum slender trigger - plan Pulten sp. hush-pea Stylidium tepperianum Kangaroo Island trigge plant 'ultimata teouifolia narrow -leaf bash -pea Styphelia exanhena beard-heath nypls!lia Pultenaea tereettolta var. Suarda aoatraih aartral seahlite Pa!tenaea hifida kangaroo Island bushpea Swainnna Insertiifolìa Darling pea Putenses lrinervis three-nerve bush-pea Templetonia retissa cockles longue Pultenaea vane, flasher busapea Tetragona implesicoma bower spinach Pultenaan s a'iler. var. glebracens yellow bash -pea Tetrathen halmaturina curly pink -bells 'Pullman viscid'''. dark bush-pea Tetratheca insularis Kangaroo !skint pink -bells Ranunculus papulentus large river buttercup Thelymltra aus tant fera leave: snnrnchid Ranunculus pentandrus var. platycmpus inland buttercup Thelymitra benehemiane blotchedmur -orchid Ranunculus sessililorus var. pilulifer Australian small-flower butter Thelymitra canalic''lata azure sun-orchid Ranunculus sessiliflorus var. msiliflorus Australian small-flower butter Thelymitra Seauma twisted svrrrnrchld Ranunculus sp. Thelymitra longifolia Reichardia tinniness false sowehixrle ThHymltra'uteoci'ium early pink sun-orchid Rhagodia andolleana asp. sea- bery.mnhrsh Thelymitra matthewsii spiral-half .sittt id Rhagodia candelleana up. candoileana seabeny saltbush Thelymitra pautifiora Rhagodia environs fleshy salthush Thelymitra sp. sun-orchid Rhansnus ala erma Italian buckthorn Thomaialwtalocnya paper-flower Mammies roses var. australis Guildford grass Thre'keldia diffusa coast ho wit Rossana crisma annual cars-tail Thrypeomene eriran heath Ihowto mene Rema sp. thick Thysanotus baited malleefringeJlly Rupsia sp. Thysanotm fractiSeaus :ig -sg fringe -lily Ruddosis multiflore small wrinklewort Thymnotmjuutifolius nash fringe -lily Svginamariuma sea pearlw rt Thysanomsnudicauis Snmolm repens creeping boaoeeed Thysanoms patersenii twinigfringe -lily Sarcocornia blackiana mmphire Thysanotuasp. fringe -lily Sereoeorais quinque0ora beaded glass w rt Trachymene pilosa dwar a Smala aemula commonfrapower Triroryne elatior yell owrush-illy Scatola angosmn coast f paws Triconuiaria pauciflon needle hog-nah Scaevola crusifolia cush'orfarpowr Trifolium ngmtìfolium rmnew/eafclover Scats limans ssp. Trifollum arvense var. arvense hares-foot clover Srevola linearis up. confertifolia hadledfmpover Trifolium campate lung clover Schoemus apogon common bog-rush Trifolium dubium suckling clover Schoenus brevicuimis mauled bog -rush Trifolium glomeratum hall clover Salaem s deformis tufted bgnush Trifolium sp. Schoemm discifer tiny hog -nosh Trifolium stellamm star clover Scboenus manus littlebognach Trifoliumsubeerraneum rub clover Schoemus nitena shiny hog-rush Trifolium tomentosum wally dorer Schoenus sp. bog -nosh Triglochin procenm var. procerum water-ribbons Scirpm sp. Triglochin striatum streaked tmgwhmar Sclerostegia arbuscula shrubby g/at:wort Trigonella suaviuima Cooper clover Seban ovata yellow centaury Trymalium wayae grey tryma lium Selaginella pracillima tiny.selaginkra Typha domingensis hdnash Sollten radians Urtip Indsa nettle Senecio 'shemtus jagged fireweed Uhicularia dichogoma fairies Senecio glossanthus animal gnndsel Utriculariatenella pinkhladdNt Senecio hspidulus Vellermphyton dealbatum Senecio 'tutus elegant yellow -cap Veronica rveusis wall.yecdwll Senecio edorates var. entedgramdwl Veronica calytina hairy .yeedwell Senecio odorano var. longifolius narew- eafgrounetsel Veronica hilhbnmdii coast speedwell Senecio odorants var. odoratus .scentedgmodcel Villania reniformis naming marsh-flower Saneao picridioides fireweed Villanìup. marsh -flow Senecio quadridentatu cotton fireweed Viola hedencea ivy -leaf violet Senecio sp. fireweed Viola ieberina tiny violet Sherardia arvenah field madder Vittadinia amtnlmia var. amtralasica New Holland daisy Silene nmeurna Viteadimia sp. New Holland daisy Sirymbrium orientale Indian hedge mustard . Vulpiabromoidm ran tail km Solanum simile Kangaroo apple Vulpia myuros forma megalura tar -tall fescue Sonehm asp rsip. glaucescena Vulpla myuros forma myuros rate- tail fescae Sonehm hydrophilus native sow-thistle Vulpia sp. Soudan megalocarpus dune thistle Wahienbergia gradenta bluebell Sonrsas olencem common sow- thistle Wahienbergia multicaulis Tadgells bluebell Sonchus sp. sow- thistle Watringia dampsri share wxaiagia Spanais sp. Watringia eumicola slender westdagia Spergule arveusis cant pes y Wihonia humilia var. hamilis silky wilaeim Sperguhria marina salt Wibonia sp. Spergularia media coast mruelrymney W''rmbea centrals inland star-lily Spinifa minor awn*heftsin fir Wurmba dioica sep- dioio common sta -lily Sporobolus virginims court; Xanehorrboea umiplan up. tateana flue's gras ene Samantta' mata pink swamp -heath Xamhosia dismta var. floribunda cut- lenfrrartbsria Spyridium' tricolor'IP.G.Wilson 5910) Xanthosiapuailla hairy ranthucia Spyridium birudum var. integrifolium Xantbosia tasmanita Spyridium eriocephalum Ieath.apyridium Xyris openulan tallyellow-eye Spyridium halmaturinum var. Zieria veronicea pink Nana Spyridium halmaturinum var. halmaturinum Kangaroo Isud.spyridium Zygophyllum apiculatum commontwirdeaf Spyridium halmaturinum var. integrifolium Zygophyllum billardieni es twinleaf Spyridium halmaturinum var. scabridum neigh pyridium Spyridium nitidum shining pyrìdltam Spyridium phyticoides narraw-leaf pyrienm Spyridium sp. Spyridium spatbulatem yea »Ne ifspyriJnm Spyridium thymifolium thyme-leaf apyridtum Spyridium vesiaìferum var. tatifolium winged.yyriraum Spyridium vexiuiferam var. vedlliterom wingedspyrirdnm Suekhousia aspericocca Stackhousia aspericocca ssp. hash candles Stackhomda aspericocca up.'Cylindrical infiora hush candles Stackhousia asperiemca sap.'One -sided imaornn Mush cand/es Stackhousia sp. cradles Stackhousia vanadium aunt candles Stalinist media chickweed Seeparia palustris var. palustris swampp starulw Stipa deminora fa:nail.spear-grave Stipa elegandsdma elegant pe r-A es Stipa exils Stipa Ravant

29 Development of a Biodiversity Database Appendices

Appendix II

TOTAL FAUNA LIST FOR KANGAROO ISLAND FROM A GRID SEARCH OF THE DATABASE.

The details and map below show the grids searched for this retrieval. Number of Grids Selected : 29 Area Selected : 26974 km2 Number of Species. Found : 289

Longitude Latitude Longitude Latitude 136 °35'00" 35 °45'00" 136 °45'00" 35 °45'00" 136 °55'00" 35°45'00" 137 °05'00" 35 °45'00" 137 °15'00" 35 °45'00" 137 °25'00" 35 °45'00" 137°35'00" 35°15'00" 137 °45'00" 35 °45'00" 137°55'00" 35 °45'00" 138 °05'00" 35 °45'00" 137 °15'00" 35 °35'00" 137 °05'00" 35 °35'00" 137 °25'00" 35°35'00" 137 °35'00" 35 °35'00" 136 °35'00" 35 °55'00" 136 °45'00" 35 °55'00" 136 °55'00" 35 °55'00" 137 °05'00" 35 °55'00" 137 °15'00" 35°55'00" 137°25'00" 35 °55'00" 137°35'00" 35 °55'00" 137°45'00" 35 °55'00" 137 °55'00" 35 °55'00" 138 °05'00" 35 °55'00" 136 °45'00" 36 °05'00" 136 °55'00" 36 °05'00" 137 °05'00" 36 °05'00" 13715'00" 36 °05'00" 137 °35'00" 36 °05'00"

i

r '-:-1 -: South Australian Fauna

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Acanthagenya rutogalaria nrogularis Spinyyccheeked Hwn)vater Eurystoms orientalb Dollarbird Acanthiza apieads BrnaNmled Thornhill Falco badgers Brown Falcon Acanthi"' thrynrrhos Yellowdomped Thornhill Falco cenchroides cenchroides Anrlmliar Kestrel Apathies finest. Striated Thornhill Falco longipennis Australian Hobby Aunthiza nana Little (Yellow) Thornhill Falco peregrinos Peregrine Fa /can Aunthiza patilla Brawn muanblll Falco subniger Black Fa /con Acantherhynehus tenuirostda ttnuirostria Eastern Spinebill Fetis cate, Cat Atcipiter tirrhocephalus cinhocephals CollaredSpmrowhawk Fulica stn (Eurasian) Coot Atcipiter tnciatus (ueintas Australian Goshawk Fulmarm glacialoides Southern Fulmar Aoacephalus stentoreus Clamorous Reed Warbler Gvllioago hardwictdi Lathan.' (Japanese) Snipe Actids hypoleucos Common Sandpiper Gallinula tenebrosa tenebrosa Dusky Moorhen Aegintha temporalis temporalis Red-brewed Finch Galltoula ventralis B /ackdal /edNatire -hen Aegothdes adman' Australian Owlet-nightjar Gehyn varietal" Tree Melia Alauda amends Common Skylark Glidphna maintops Tawsycrowned Hateyeaer Alcatara lathami lathami Auraailas Bratsk-turkey Globicephala malls Long--toted Pilot Whale Anas mutants Chestnut Teal Glomopdtta condos, Ahesk Lorikeel Anas radii. gratili. Austalasau Grey Teal Gloasopsitta porpbyrocephala Purple-crowsned 1mikeet Ann rhynehotis rhynchotis Australasian Stoveler Graliìna cyanoleute Australian Magpie Lark Ana, supercilion superciliose Black Duck Gymnerhina tibien Australian Magpie Anhinge melanogaater Darter Haematopus fuliginosas fultglaoma San*, Oystercatcher Anthothaera tarantulas& tannculata Red Wattlehird Haematopus ostralegus Pled Oystercatcher Anthothaera chrysopptern ehrysoptera Little IVaulebin/ Haematopus catmints' lanai roatris Pled Oystercatcher Anchas novaseelandine Richards Pipit Halcyon sancta sancta Sacred Kingfisher Anths novseseelandiae astrslis Richard's Pipit Haliveetus leucoguter White-hearted Semmagle Aprasia sMoIsts Listed Worm- liturd Hallastur sphenurus Whistling Eagle Apia patines pacifies Fork - tailed Swf Hemiergis decresiensis Three -toed Farlen Skink Aquila audaz audaz WedgedsdledEagle. Hemiergis pencil Four-toedvd Emlest Skink Arctocephalm tented New Zealand Fur-seal Hemiergis sp. Arda alba Great (White) Egret Heterosrels brevipm G Wailed Tattler Ardas prams Link Egret Rimantops tncocephalus Black - winged Stilt Ardes novsehallandiae novaehallandiae White-faced Heron Hirundapus caadacuts caudacuts Spine - tailed Swift (White -ehm Arden pacifica Pacific (White-necked) Heron Hirundo arid Fairy Martin Ardes sacra sacra Fastens Reef Egret Hirundo nronna Welcome Swallow Aunada interpret (Rs.Nyt Tun:state Hirundo nigricaas nigricam Tam Martin Animus cyanoptens Dusky WVowndnllow Hopioptens miles Masked Lapwing Alamei ps labialh Hoploptene tricolor Banded lapwing Austrelaps sp. Pygmy Copperhead Hydroprogne casing Caspian Tern Aythye Australis Handhemd Hylacola cauta Shy Heathwrett (Shy Hylawd ) Balaenoptera atutoronrata Mluke Nude Isoodon obesulus Short-nosed Bandicoot Bassiana duperreyt Eastern Three-lined Skink Lampropholia delicate Delicate Skink Bittura lobate Shad Duck Lamprophniia goichenoti Garden Skink Bubultua ibis Castle Egret Laren novaehollandiae novaehollandise Silver Gall Barham. grallarlus Southern Stone-curlew (Bush Th Lars pacifists Pac fc Gull Catania galerita galerita Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Lena bougaiovillii Bougainville' Skink Cocain. sanguine.. little Casella 1-ertsta donalis Southern F arched Slider Catamanps flabelBrormis nabdfiformis Fan-tailed Crsckes Lariats sp. Cdidria stamina Sharp- tailed Sas iper Leucocarbo torcaces Black -Jm:ed e'ormorar Calidrisf gines Curlew Sal Lìmnodynastes clematis Western Banjo Frog Calidda natollis Redamc Stint Limnodynstes dumerilii Bull Frog (Eastern Banjo Frog) Callocephalon fambrialam Gang Limnodyustes tumniemis Marbled Frog (Spotted Gum Fr Calyptorhynchus funereu Yellow-tailed BlackCachetes, Limosa lapponica Bar- tailed Godwit Calyptorhynchus lathami Glossy Black Cuckatws Limosa limosa Black-tailed Codicil Caperea nsarginnta Pygmy Right Whale Litons ewingii Browns Tree Frog Capra hircos Goat Lophaiceinia tiara Square-tailed Kite Cardudis eardueli, European Goldfinch Mocronectes gigantes Southern Giant Petrel Cercanetus concision Southwestern Pigmy -Prism Macropus eugenii Damn Wallaby Cercanetus lepidus Little PigmyPnuvm Macropus (dtginoss Western Grey Kangaroo Cereanets sp. Macrops gigantas Eastern Grey Kalotttgm Cereopsis novrehoilandiae novaehollaadiae Cape Barren Goose Mdacorbynchus membnnaceus Pink -eared Duck Chalinalobs gouldit Goulds Wattled Bat Matures cyaneas Superb Blue Wren Chatinolobs mono Chocolate Warded Bat Megatons grandam's Little Gmvsbind Charadrius mongols mongols Mkugolian Plover Melipbaga crania Purple-gaped Honeyeaer Charadrius rubricollis Hoodad Dotterel (Hoes/ed Plover Melipbaga ketosis Whit eared Hasueleale' Charadrius ruficapillu, Red-copped Dotterel Meipbaga virescem Singing Hwteleater Chenonetta jabata Maned Duck Melithreptus hrevironris Brown-headed Honneyeater Chrysococcyz blsalis Hs feld's Bronx Cuckoo (Rid Melithrepts tantas lunatus White -roped Hateyeater Chrysocoetya lutids Shining Bronx Cuckoo Menea& grtyit Dwarf Skink Cindorampbua cruralb Brown Samglark Meropa ornate, Rainbow Bee -eater Cindoramphm mathewsi Rnyn ss Songlark Mmoplodon grayi Gray's Beaked Whale Circus approzimans Swamp (Marsh) Harrier Mesoplodon layardii Strap-toothed Beaked Whale Circus assimilis Spotted Harrier Morethia obscura Ma /lee Snake-eye Cladorhynehs leucocepbalus Banded Stilt Moros Bernier Ausmalavan Gannet Conocalta sp. Ms domestica. Huse Molar Colluricinda harmonica Grey Shrike-thrush Mytagra inquieta inquiet. Restless Flycatcher Columba Baia Feral Pigeon Neobatrachs pietas Adeeawing Frog Condon novsehollandiee oovaeboilaadise Black-faced Cuckoo-strike Neobatncbs sp. Corvas coronoides coronoidm Australian Rann Neophema degas Elegant Parrot Corvua mailed Little Raven Neophema petrophia Rock Parrot Corma sp. Neophema sp. Conrois novaerelandiae Stnhhle Quail Neophoca tinerea Australian Set -isnr Cenia 'igniter. Braun Fmglet (Common Eastern Nephnna milis Thickdai/ed Gecko Ctenophore, detresli Talky Dragon Nino: novaeseetandiae Beobek Owl Casuists pallidus Pallid Cuckoo Notechis aten Black Tiger Snake Cyclodomorphs melnnopa Spiniifex Slender Blnetwsgrm Notechis scutatus Fsenn Tiger Snake Cygnus stratus Black Sulu Numenis madagscariensis Eastern Curlew Damlo novaegulnene novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra Nameable phaeupua Whim/re/ Daption unease Cape Petrel Nycsiuorez caledonicus Nankeen (Rufous) Night Herrin Delphinus delphta Common Dolphin Nyctophilm gnnroyi Lester Lung -eared Bat Dermot/mks coriaces Leathery Onde Ocyphaps Iopbotes Crested Pigeon Diomedes cauta Shy Albatross Ornithorhynchaa anarins Plaopea Diomedes chlorarhyuchas YellowvuudAlbatnmw Ost arias Sheep Diomedes anulaos e:ulam Wandering Albatross Oeyura astrali, Blare - billed Duck Diomede* mdanophrys Black- AroweeAlbnmxv Pachycephala pectorales Golden Whistler Braman. novaebollandtae Fu Pachyptila near Folly Prior Egernia multtscutata Bull Skink Pandìou halíanus Osprey Egernia sp. Poadion ballenas cristatus Osprey Egernia whilii Whites Skink Pardalotus Punmms Spoiled Pastime Elanus caerules Black- .sostldered Kite Pardalotus sp. El anus scripts Laer - winged Kite Pardalotus atriass Striated Par alote Elseyornts melanopa Black-fronted Dotterel Pardalotus zanthopygs Yellow -romped Pardalnra Emblema helium Beattie Ferirai! Passer domestics, domerticss Homan Sparrow Emblema galntum Diamant Fìntall Pavo crismas Indian (Blum) Posfawl Eolophus roseicapillus Galah Pelagodroma marina White-faced Storm -Petrel Eptesicus darlingtoni Large Forest Eptesines nelecanua conspicillats Australian Pelican Eptesicus regulen King River Fptesicto Petroica multicolor Scarlet Robin Epthianun elbifron albifrons White--- framed ('Irai Pbdnrsonz carbo Weak Cormaoma Erythoganys dams Red.bwed Dotterel Phalacrocaraz mdanoleucos melanleuco, Little Pied('armua -an Eudyptula minor Little (Fairy) Penguin Phalatrrocorac sultirostris Little Black Cormorant

32 South Australian Fauna

Scientific Name Common Name Scientific Name Common Name Phalacrocons varios PìedCam,ra t Phalacrocorax varius hypoleucos Pied Cormorant Phaps chslcoptera Common Broce wing Phew clepns elegans Brush Brome wing Phaps sp. Phncotaretos cinereus Koala Phylidonyris albifrons White -- fronted Honeyeater Phylidonyris novaehollandiae novachollandiae New Hollan/ Haewater Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera Crescent Honeyeater Phyllodactyla marmoratus Marbled Gecko Physeter macrocephalm Sperm Whale Haulm Ravines Ye /lnw-billedSpoonbi /l Platales regia Royal Spoonbill Platynroer elegises Crimson Raedla Platycerem degxes 'adelaidae' 'Adelaide Karelia' Plegado falcinellus Glossy Ibis .Pluvialis sgoatarola Grey Plover Podiceps cristatus Great Crested Grebe Pogona barbels Fasten Bearded Dragon Poliocephalus poliorephala Hovy -hemp l Grebe Porphyrie porphyries Purple Sw mphen Ponape nominee Australian Cake Porsana pailla BaI /ano (Marsh ) Crake Porsana tabuensis Sma less Croke Pseudemoib entrecasteauxii Southern Gras Skink Pseudocheires peregrines Common Ringtail Pseudophryne bibroaii Brown Ttadlet Psophodn nigrogularis Western Whiph/rd Pteropus scapulatus Little Red Flying - /u humans cavneipn Flesh -finned Shearwuter Pugna tenuirostris S'hmuailed Sheawater Ralles pectornlls pectoralis Lewin' Rail Ratter ferdpa Bush Rat Rastro facipn greyii ¡bah Rat Ratty lutreolus lutreolos Faster Swamp Rat Runts rana Black Rot Races sp. Rec rvirestrsnovaehollandiae Red-necked Atmore Rhipidura fuliginosa Grey Fantail Rhipidura leumphrys leueophrys Willie Wagtail Sericornis frontons frontali, White -brewed Scnrhwreu Sericornis maculates S}mted.Sarubwren Smintbopsis aitkeni Sooty Diemmort Stercoraria perasidca Arctic Jaeger Sterna nerds nerds Fairy Ten Sterna v' Antarctic Tenn Sbetoneua envois Freckled Duck Stipimres malachurus &nano, Fina -aren Strepera venicolor Grey Carrowang Strepmpelia chinensis Spatted T rdeore Stornus vulgaris valgaris (Cammon.Enrapca) Staling Sus scrota Pig Seta flagellum Little Whip Snake Tacbybaptus novaehollandiae Australaeian Grebe Tachyglossa 'celestas Echidna Tadarida ertralis Whine- rrripedMutg Bat Tadorna mdornoides Australian ShelJack Thalasseer bergii Crested Tern Thrakiornb aethiopicus Sacred (White) Ibis Threskiomis spinicollis Straw - necked Ibis Titiqua asteroides Faster Bhretwsg ,e Trichogloner heematedus Rainbow Lnrikeet Trichosarus vulpecula Camama, ants/van Tringa nebularia GreepJtan k Tringa stagnatilis Marsh Sandpiper Tuvdus merula menuda Blackbird Turna varia varia Painted Button-quail Tuniops truncates BademaredDolphin Tyro albs Bann Owl Varan rosenbergi Heath Gamma Vespenilionidae sp. Zntbers lunulata lunulam Mmnnain Thrush (Guam/ Thrush Zosterops laterales Silvereye

33 Development of a Biodiversity Database Appendices

Appendix III

FREQUENCY LIST OF TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES RECORDED IN CONSERVATION PARKS ON KANGAROO ISLAND.

The SP CODE is the unique identifier used in the taxonomic databases of the Viridans system STATUS is divided into the following categories: * European Introduction The two letter codes refer to the National (in capitals) and the South Australian (in lower case) conservation status divided into the following categories: The definition for the status codes are as follows: (E, e)Endangered: taxa in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating. (V, v)Vulnerable: taxa believed likely to move into endangered category in the near future if the causal factors continue operating. (R, r)Rare: taxa with small populations in South Australia that are not at present endangered or vulnerable, but are at risk. (N, n) Status not yet assessed

Note that this table is an unedited retrieval from the combined databases searched for this project and so includes records of species only identified to genus a couple of whales from the Museum database and other potential database errors which can now be edited thanks to the ease of this type of retrieval in the Viridans system

SP. STATUS SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME NO. FREQ CODE SITES 10 Acanthiza lineata Striated Thombill 6 1.86 12 Acanthiza pusilla Brown Thornhill 11 3.42 622 Acanthorhynchus Eastern Spinebill 10 3.11 tenuirostris tenuirostris 951 Acrocephalus stentoreusClamorous Reed Warbler 1 0.31 878 Aegintha temporalis Red - browed Finch 3 0.93 temporalis 29 * Alauda arvensis Common Skylark 2 0.62 425 Anas castanea Chestnut Teal 1 0.31 1049 Anas gracilis gracilis Australasian Grey Teal 1 0.31 430 Nr Anas rhynchotis Australasian Shoveler 1 0.31 rhynchotis 432 Anas superciliosa Black Duck 1 0.31 superciliosa 704 Anthochaera carunculataRed Wattlebird 18 5.6 carunculata 705 Anthochaera chrysopteraLittle Wattlebird 3 0.93 chrysoptera

35 733 Anthus novaeseelandiaeRichard's Pipit 2 0.62 53 Aprasia striolata Lined Worm -lizard 10 3.11 331 Aquila audaz audax Wedge - tailed Eagle 3 0.93 451 Ardea novaehollandiae White -faced Heron 2 0.62 novaehollandiae 461 Nr Ardea sacra sacra Eastern Reef Egret 1 0.31 467 Artamus cyanopterus Dusky Woodswallow 1 0.31 2358 Austrelaps labialis 8 2.49 599 Nn Austrelaps sp. Pygmy Copperhead 1 0.31 60 Nr Balaenoptera Minke Whale 1 0.31 acutorostrata 2334 Bassiana duperreyi Eastern Three -lined Skink 2 0.62 435 Nv Biziura lobata Musk Duck 1 0.31 491 Cacatua sanguinea Little Corella 3 0.93 1051 Cacomantis Fan- tailed Cuckoo 7 2.18 flabelliformis flabelliformis 495 Nv Calyptorhynchus Yellow- tailed Black 3 funereus Cockatoo 0.93 497 Ne Calyptorhynchus lathamiGlossy Black Cockatoo 1 0.31 632 * Carduelis carduelis European Goldfinch 1 0.31 482 Cercartetus concinnus Southwestern Pigmy- 29 9.03 Possum 81 Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled Bat 3 0.93 85 Vv Charadrius rubricollis Hooded Dotterel (Hooded 3 0.93 Plover 437 Chenonetta jubata Maned Duck 1 0.31 557 Chrysococcyx basalis Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo 7 2.18 (Ruf 559 Nr Chrysococcyx lucidus Shining Bronze Cuckoo 1 0.31 360 Circus approximans Swamp (Marsh) Harrier 2 0.62 747 Colluricincla harmonicaGrey Shrike - thrush 14 4.36 502 Coracina Black -faced Cuckoo - strike 1 novaehollandiae novaehollandiae 0.31 546 Corvus coronoides Australian Raven 1 0.31 coronoides 96 Corvus mellori Little Raven 2 0.62 2042 Corvus sp. 5 1.55 797 Crinia sign¿fera Brown Froglet (Common 24 7.47 Eastern 438 Cygnus atratus Black Swan 3 0.93 915 Egernia multiscutata Bull Skink 3 0.93 2291 Egernia sp. 2 0.62 149 Egernia whitii White's Skink 9 2.8 875 Nv Emblema bellum Beautiful Firetail 2 0.62 487 Eolophus roseicapillus Galah 7 2.18 153 Eptesicus regulus King River Eptesicus 1 0.3 1 2346 Epthianura albii cons White- fronted Chat 4 1.24 albfons 161 Eudyptula minor Little (Fairy) Penguin 2 0.62

36 628 Falco berigora Brown Falcon 3 0.93 629 Falco cenchroides Australian Kestrel 4 1.24 cenchroides 164 Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon 1 0.31 165 * Felis caua Cat 4 1.24

167 Fulica atra (Eurasian) Coot 1 0.31 728 Gliciphila melanops Tawny - crowned 7 2.18 Honeyeater 669 Glossopsitta Purple- crowned Lorikeet 7 2.18 porphyrocephala 549 Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie 11 3.42 647 Haematopus fuliginosusSooty Oystercatcher 1 0.31 fuliginosus

649 Haematopus ostralegusPied Oystercatcher 1 0.31 longirostris 335 Nv Haliaeetus leucogaster White - beasted Sea -eagle 3 0.93 177 Hemiergis decresiensis Three -toed Earless Skink 4 1.24 180 Hemiergis peronii Four -toed Earless Skink 26 8.09 2293 Hemiergis sp. 1 0.31 181 Hirundo neoxena Welcome Swallow 12 3.73 651 Hirundo nigricans Tree Martin 4 1.24 nigricans 2345 Hoplopterus miles Masked Lapwing 1 0.31 185 Hydroprogne caspia Caspian Tern 1 0.31 173 Nv Hylacola cauta Shy Heathwren (Shy 2 0.62 Hylacola) 190 Lampropholis delicata Delicate Skink 4 1.24 916 Lampropholis guichenotiGarden Skink 35 10.9 660 Larus novaehollandiae Silver Gull 2 0.62 novaehollandiae 191 Larus pacificus Pacific Gull 2 0.62 199 Lerista bougainvillii Bougainville's Skink 14 4.36 209 Leucocarbofuscescens Black -faced Cormorant 1 0.31 782 Limnodynastes dumeriliiBull Frog (Eastern Banjo 13 4.04 Frog) 786 Limnodynastes Marbled Frog (Spotted 4 tasmaniensis Grass Fr 1.24 653 Litoria ewingii Brown Tree Frog 10 3.11 222 Nn Macropus eugenii Dama Wallaby 31 9.65 223 Macropus fuliginosus Western Grey Kangaroo 29 9.03 228 Malurus cyaneus Superb Blue Wren 14 4.36 233 Megalurus gramineus Little Grassbird 2 0.62 709 Meliphaga cratitia Purple -gaped Honeyeater 10 3.11 712 Meliphaga leucotis White -eared Honeyeater 2 0.62 722 Melithreptus brevirostrisBrown- headed Honeyeater 5 1.55 236 Menetia greyii Dwarf Skink 4 1.24 1048 Nr Mesoplodon layardii Strap- toothed Beaked 1 0.31 Whale 245 Morethia obscura Mallee Snake -eye 12 3.73 740 * Mus domesticus House Mouse 28 8.72 788 Neobatrachus pictus Meeowing Frog 12 3.73

37 860 Nn Neophema elegans Elegant Parrot 2 0.62 861 Nn Neophema petrophila Rock Parrot 2 0.62 816 Nr Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea -lion 4 1.24 2374 Nephrurus milii Thick- tailed Gecko 7 2.18 253 Ninox novaeseelandiaeBoobook Owl 2 0.62 1433 Notechis ater Black Tiger Snake 18 5.6 608 Notechis scutatus Eastern Tiger Snake 3 0.93

259 Nv Numenius Eastern Curlew 1 0.31 madagascariensis 264 Nyctophilus geoffioyi Lesser Long -eared Bat 7 2.18

270 Oxyura australis Blue- billed Duck 1 0.31 765 Pachycephala pectoralisGolden Whistler 13 4.04

817 Nv Pandion haliaetus Osprey 1 0.31 cristatus 818 Pardalotus punctatus Spotted Pardalote 1 0.31

2099 Pardalotus sp. 1 0.31 820 Pardalotus striatus Striated Pardalote 5 1.55 822 Nv Pardalotus xanthopygusYellow - rumped Pardalote 3 0.93 277 ' Pavo cristatus Indian (Blue) Peafowl 1 0.31 279 Pelagodroma marina White -faced Storm -Petrel 1 0.31

281 Pelecanus conspicillatusAustralian Pelican 1 0.31 771 Petroica multicolor Scarlet Robin 4 1.24

833 Phalacrocorax Little Pied Cormorant 1 melanoleucos melanoleucos 0.31 1061 Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant 1 0.31

834 Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant 1 0.31 hypoleucos 537 Phaps elegans elegans Brush Bronzewing 8 2.49 2007 Phaps sp. 1 0.31 291 Nr Phascolarctos cinereusKoala 2 0.62 729 Phylidonyris New Holland Honeyeater 15 novaehollandiae novaehollandiae 4.67 295 Phylidonyris pyrrhopteraCrescent Honeyeater 10 3.11 643 Phyllodactylus Marbled Gecko 14 4.36 marmoratus 866 Platycercus elegans Crimson Rosella 3 0.93 884 Poliocephalus Hoary- headed Grebe 2 0.62 poliocephalus 905 Porzanafluminea Australian Crake 1 0.31 791 Nn Pseudophryne bibronii Brown Toadlet 3 0.93 809 Nv Psophodes nigrogularisWestern Whipbird 3 0.93 322 Puffinus tenuirostris Short- tailed Shearwater 1 0.31 326 Rattus fuscipes Bush Rat 8 2.49 744 Rattus fuscipes greyii Bush Rat 18 5.6 2232 Rattus sp. 1 0.31 776 Rhipidura fuliginosa Grey Fantail 6 1.86 778 Rhipidura leucophrys Willie Wagtail 3 0.93 leucophrys

38 261 Sericornis maculatus Spotted Scrubwren 14 4.36

583 Nr Sminthopsis aitkeni Sooty Dunnart 1 0.31

665 Nv Sterna nereis nereis Fairy Tern 1 0.31

355 Nv Stipiturus malachurus Southern Emu -wren 1 0.31 552 Strepera versicolor Grey Currawong 17 5.29 949 * Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris(Common,European) 2 0.62 Starling 358 Tachybaptus Australasian Grebe 1 0.31 novaehollandiae 955 Tachyglossus aculeatusEchidna 14 4.36 440 Tadorna tadornoides Australian Shelduck 2 0.62 847 Threskiornis aethiopicusSacred (White) Ibis 4 1.24

849 Threskiornis spinicollisStraw- necked Ibis 1 0.31 671 Trichoglassus Rainbow Lorikeet 9 2.8 haematodus 835 Nn Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail 41 12.77 429 Nn Varanus rosenbergi Heath Goanna 15 4.67

2328 Vespertilionidae sp. 1 0.31 393 Zosterops lateralis Silvereye 15 4.67

39 Development of a Biodiversity Database Appendices

Appendix IV

TAXONOMIC LIST OF TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES RECORDED IN CONSERVATION PARKS ON KANGAROO ISLAND.

The SP CODE is the unique identifier used in the taxonomic databases of the Viridans system STATUS is divided into the following categories: European Introduction The two letter codes refer to the National (in capitals) and the South Australian (in lower case) conservation status divided into the following categories: The definition for the status codes are as follows: (E, e)Endangered: taxa in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors continue operating. (V, v)Vulnerable: taxa believed likely to move into endangered category in the near future if the causal factors continue operating. (R, r)Rare: taxa with small populations in South Australia that are not at present endangered or vulnerable, but are at risk. (N, n) Status not yet assessed

Note that this table is an unedited retreival from the combined databases searched for this project and so includes records of species only identified to genus a couple of whales from the Museumdatabase and other potential database errors which can now be edited thanks to the ease of this type of retreival in the Viridans system

AMPHIBIA

Hylidae Litoria ewingii Brown Tree Frog

Leptodactylidae Crinia signifera Brown Froglet (Common Eastern Limnodynastes dumerilii Bull Frog (Eastern Banjo Frog) Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Marbled Frog (Spotted Grass Fr Neobatrachus pictus Meeowing Frog Nn Pseudophryne bibronii Brown Toadlet

REPTILIA

Elapidae Austrelaps labialis Nn Austrelaps sp. Pygmy Copperhead Notechis ater Black Tiger Snake Notechis scutatus Eastern Tiger Snake

Gekkonidae Nephrurus milii Thick- tailed Gecko Phyllodactylus marmoratus Marbled Gecko

41 Pygopodidae Aprasia striolata Lined Worm-lizard

Scincidae Bassiana duperreyi Eastern Three -lined Skink Egernia multiscutata Bull Skink Egernia sp. Egernia whitii White's Skink Hemiergis decresiensis Three -toed Earless Skink Hemiergis peronii Four -toed Earless Skink Hemiergis sp. Lampropholis delicata Delicate Skink Lampropholis guichenoti Garden Skink Lerista bougainvillii Bougainville's Skink Menetia greyii Dwarf Skink Morethia obscura Mallee Snake -eye

Varanidae Nn Varanus rosenbergi Heath Goanna

AVES

Accipitridae Aquila audax audax Wedge - tailed Eagle Circus approximans Swamp (Marsh) Harrier Nv Haliaeetus leucogaster White - beasted Sea -eagle Nv Pandion haliaetus cristatus Osprey

Alaudidae *Alauda arvensis Common Skylark

Anatidae Anas castanea Chestnut Teal Anas gracilis gracilis Australasian Grey Teal Nr Anas rhynchotis rhynchotis Australasian Shoveler Anas superciliosa superciliosa Black Duck Nv Biziura lobata Musk Duck Chenonettajubata Maned Duck Cygnus atratus Black Swan Oxyura australis Blue- billed Duck Tadorna tadornoides Australian Shelduck

Ardeidae Ardea novaehollandiae novaehollandiae White -faced Heron Nr Ardea sacra sacra Eastern Reef Egret

Charadriidae Vv Charadrius rubricollis Hooded Dotterel (Hooded Plover Haematopus fuliginosus fuliginosus Sooty Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus longirostris Pied Oystercatcher Hoplopterus miles Masked Lapwing

Columbidae Phaps elegans elegans Brush Bronzewing Phaps sp.

42 Corvidae Artamus cyanopterus Dusky Woodswallow Colluricincla harmonica Grey Shrike - thrush Coracina novaehollandiae novaehollandiae Black -faced Cuckoo - strike Corvus coronoides coronoides Australian Raven Corvus mellori Little Raven Corvus sp. Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie Pachycephala pectoralis Golden Whistler Nv Psophodes nigrogularis Western Whipbird Rhipidura fuliginosa Grey Fantail Rhipidura leucophrys leucophrys Willie Wagtail Strepera versicolor Grey Currawong

Cuculidae Cacomantis flabelliformis flabelliformis Fan- tailed Cuckoo Chrysococcyx basalis Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo (Ruf Nr Chrysococcyx lucidus Shining Bronze Cuckoo

Eopsaltriidae Petroica multicolor Scarlet Robin

Falconidae Falco berigora Brown Falcon Falco cenchroides cenchroides Australian Kestrel Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon

Fringillidae "Carduelis carduelis European Goldfinch

Hirundinidae Hirundo neoxena Welcome Swallow Hirundo nigricans nigricans Tree Martin

Laridae Hydroprogne caspia Caspian Tern Larus novaehollandiae novaehollandiae Silver Gull Larus pacifrcus Pacific Gull Nv Sterna nereis nereis Fairy Tern

Maluridae Malurus cyaneus Superb Blue Wren Nv Stipiturus malachurus Southern Emu -wren

Meliphagidae Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris tenuirostris Eastern Spinebill Anthochaera carunculata carunculata Red Wattlebird Anthochaera chrysoptera chrysoptera Little Wattlebird Epthianura albifrons albifrons White- fronted Chat Gliciphila melanops Tawny- crowned Honeyeater Meliphaga cratitia Purple -gaped Honeyeater Meliphaga leucotis White -eared Honeyeater Melithreptus brevirostris Brown- headed Honeyeater Phylidonyris novaehollandiae novaehollandiae New Holland Honeyeater Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera Crescent Honeyeater

Pardalotidae

43 Acanthiza lineata Striated Thombill Acanthiza pusilla Brown Thombill Nv Hylacola cauta Shy Heathwren (Shy Hylacola) Pardalotus punctatus Spotted Pardalote Pardalotus sp. Pardalotus striatus Striated Pardalote Nv Pardalotus xanthopygus Yellow - rumped Pardalote .Sericornis maculatus Spotted Scrubwren

Passeridae Aegintha temporalis temporalis Red - browed Finch Anthus novaeseelandiae Richards Pipit Nv Emblema bellum Beautiful Firetail

Pelecanidae Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican

Phalacrocoracidae Leucocarbofuscescens Black -faced Cormorant Phalacrocorax melanoleucos melanoleucos Little Pied Cormorant Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant Phalacrocorax varius hypoleucos Pied Cormorant

Phasianidae *Pavo cristatus Indian (Blue) Peafowl

Podicipedidae Poliocephalus poliocephalus Hoary- headed Grebe Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Australasian Grebe

Procellariidae Pelagodroma marina White -faced Storm -Petrel Puffnus tenuirostris Short - tailed Shearwater

Psittacidae Cacatua sanguinea Little Corella Nv Calyptorhynchusfunereus Yellow.tailed Black Cockatoo Ne Calyptorhynchus lathami Glossy Black Cockatoo Eolophus roseicapillus Galah Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Purple- crowned Lorikeet Nn Neophema elegans Elegant Parrot Nn Neophema petrophila Rock Parrot Platycercus elegans Crimson Rosella Trichoglossus haematodus Rainbow Lorikeet

Rallidae Fulica atra (Eurasian) Coot Porzanafluminea Australian Crake

Scolopacidae Nv Numenius madagascariensis Eastern Curlew

Spheniscidae Eudyptula minor Little (Fairy) Penguin

Strigidae Ninox novaeseelandiae Boobook Owl

44 Sturnidae *Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris (Common,European) Starling

Sylviidae Acrocephalus stentoreus Clamorous Reed Warbler Megalurus gramineus Little Grassbird

Threskiornithidae Threskiornis aethiopicus Sacred (White) this Threskiornis spinicollis Straw - necked this

Zosteropidae Zosterops lateralis Silvereye

MAMMALIA

Balaenopteridae Nr Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke Whale

Burramyidae Cercartetus concinnus Southwestern Pigmy- Possum

Dasyuridae Nr Sminthopsis aitkeni Sooty Dunnart

Felidae *Felts catus Cat

Macropodidae Nn Macropus eugenii Dama Wallaby Macropus fuliginosus Western Grey Kangaroo

Muridae *Mus domesticus House Mouse Rattus fuscipes Bush Rat Rattus fuscipes greyii Bush Rat Rattus sp.

Otariidae Nr Neophoca cinerea Australian Sea -lion

Phalangeridae Nn Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail

Phascolarctidae Nr Phascolarctos cinereus Koala

Tachyglossidae Tachyglossus aculeatus Echidna

Vespertilionidae Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled Bat Eptesicus regulus King River Eptesicus Nyctophilus geqfroyi Lesser Long -eared Bat Vespertilionidae sp.

45 Ziphiidae Nr Mesoplodon layardii Strap - toothed Beaked Whale

46