A LIST of the VERTEBRATES of SOUTH AUSTRALIA
updates. for
Edition 4th Editors See A.C. Robinson K.D. Casperson
Biological Survey and Research Heritage and Biodiversity Division Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia
M.N. Hutchinson South Australian Museum Department of Transport, Urban Planning and the Arts, South Australia
2000
i EDITORS
A.C. Robinson & K.D. Casperson, Biological Survey and Research, Biological Survey and Research, Heritage and Biodiversity Division, Department for Environment and Heritage. G.P.O. Box 1047, Adelaide, SA, 5001
M.N. Hutchinson, Curator of Reptiles and Amphibians South Australian Museum, Department of Transport, Urban Planning and the Arts. GPO Box 234, Adelaide, SA 5001updates. for CARTOGRAPHY AND DESIGN
Biological Survey & Research, Heritage and Biodiversity Division, Department for Environment and Heritage Edition Department for Environment and Heritage 2000 4thISBN 0 7308 5890 1 First Edition (edited by H.J. Aslin) published 1985 Second Edition (edited by C.H.S. Watts) published 1990 Third Edition (edited bySee A.C. Robinson, M.N. Hutchinson, and K.D. Casperson) published 2000
Cover Photograph: Clockwise:- Western Pygmy Possum, Cercartetus concinnus (Photo A. Robinson), Smooth Knob-tailed Gecko, Nephrurus levis (Photo A. Robinson), Painted Frog, Neobatrachus pictus (Photo A. Robinson), Desert Goby, Chlamydogobius eremius (Photo N. Armstrong),Osprey, Pandion haliaetus (Photo A. Robinson)
ii ______CONTENTS ______
INTRODUCTION ...... 1 METHODS ...... 9 MAMMALS ...... 13 BIRDS ...... 37 REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS ...... 99 FRESHWATER FISHES...... 129 INDEX ...... 135
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iv Acknowledgments
This project would not have been possible without the cooperation and efforts of the following people: For the bird chapter we gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Maya Penck, Jamie Matthew, Marianne Anthony, John Cox, John Eckert and Graham Carpenter. Assistance in the production of the maps was provided by Stuart Pillman and Paul Gullan
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vi A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia ______Introduction ______
This list includes all species of vertebrate animals 10. A distribution map (not provided for cetaceans or reliably reported to have occurred in South Australia as freshwater fish) free-living forms during the period of European In the case of mammals and freshwater fish some settlement of the State. It has been prepared from a additional higher taxonomic levels have been included variety of published sources (the major ones of which to match the most recent published guides. are cited in the various sections), and from the specimen collections of the South Australian Museum, The sequence in which orders are listed is determined records of the biological survey of South Australia and by the conventions for each of the various groups, and the RAOU Bird Atlas of Australia. The list is now in its is indicated in the tables at the beginning of each of the third edition following Aslin (1985) and Watts (1990), sections together with summaries of the number of and is designed as a counterpart to ‘A list of the families and species in each. Within orders (and sub- Vascular Plants of South Australia’ (Jessop, 1993). orders for mammals), families are listed in the sequence Both these taxonomic lists, in computerised form, used in the most recent guides. Within families (or sub- support the Biological Survey of South Australia, families in some cases), genera and species are listed which is coordinated by the South Australian alphabetically. Biological Survey Coordinating Committee. Distribution maps are provided for all species except The order in which the vertebrate groups are presented cetaceans and freshwater fish. Some indication of fish is as follows: distribution is provided in terms of the environmental provinces of Laut et al (1977). Figure 1 shows the 1. Mammals province boundaries. 2. Birds updates. 3. Reptiles The only introduced species (ie. alien to Australia) 4. Amphibians included are those which are believed to have 5. Freshwater Fishes forestablished true feral populations. In the case of a few freshwater fish, these feral populations are only In each section, the list contains the following items of maintained by regular re-introductions. information for each currently recognised species: This is not a taxonomic checklist but primarily a 1. Order species index. It is intended as a reference source and 2. Family Edition guide for those working on South Australian 3. Genus vertebrates, but not necessarily familiar with the latest 4. Notation for an introduced species (an asterisk) taxonomy. 5. Species 4th It should be borne in mind that taxonomic changes are 6. Author and date of publication of specific continually being made and new distributional description information is accumulating so that no listing can be 7. Common name(s) completely up to date. This list will be revised and 8. Threatened status in AustraliaSee (in bold) updated in future and any comments or queries should 9. Threatened status in South Australia (non-bold) be directed to the relevant curator or collection manager at the South Australian Museum. REFERENCES
Aslin, H. J. (1985) (ed.). A List of the Vertebrates of Jessop, J. P. (Ed.) (1993). A list of the Vascular Plants South Australia. 1st Edition. Biological Survey of South Australia (Edition IV). The Botanic Coordinating Committee and the Department Gardens of Adelaide and State Herbarium. of Environment and Planning, South Australia. Laut, P. L., Heyligers, P. C., Keig, G., Loffler, E.. Watts, C. H. S. (1990) (ed.). A List of the Vertebrates Margules, C., Scott, R. M. and Sullivan, M. E. of South Australia 2nd Edition. Biological (1977). Environments of South Australia. Survey Coordinating Committee and the Division of Land Use Research, CSIRO, Department of Environment and Planning, Canberra. South Australia.
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8 ______A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia Methods
DISTRIBUTION MAPS 2).Grid cell records from the South Australian component of the Royal Australasian The production of distribution maps for this Third Ornithologists’ Union (now Birds Australia) Atlas Edition of the vertebrate list has been possible because of Australian Birds (Blakers, Davies and Reilly, of the development of a biological database for South 1984) Australia by Viridans Pty Ltd. The South Australian 3) Site-based records from the Biological Survey of Biodiversity database contains a series of standard site South Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNE or grid cell based data on the mammals, birds, reptiles databases, all of which were observational only. and amphibians of South Australia that can be readily combined and plotted on a series of map bases. The Reptiles and Amphibians maps include data added to the Viridans database to The grid database is composed of the following August 1998. Some additional individually prepared components: maps have been included to show species found in the 1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the State since the most recent database preparation and to exception of records that did not have a sufficiently clarify recent taxonomic decisions not yet included in accurate location or have not been identified to the database species. For a minority of taxonomically difficult speciesupdates. only SA Museum records were used as The simplest plotting method has been chosen here, observational records were not sufficiently reliable. based on a 10΄ X 10΄ latitude longitude grid over the 2) Site-based records from the Biological Survey of state. For each grid cell to be filled in requires at least forSouth Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNE one record of the species to occur within it. For databases. Many of these records were accompanied common species some grid cells may represent a by a voucher specimen lodged in the SA Museum number of individual records. For simplicity no but a proportion are observational only. distinction has been made regarding the age of the record and details of how each taxonomic group is Freshwater Fish treated in the grid database are given below. Edition No maps are provided, as an appropriate computer database is not yet available Mammals The grid database is composed 4thof the following components: 1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the exception of sub-fossil material or records that did not have a sufficientlySee accurate location or have not been identified to species. 2) Site-based records from the Biological Survey of South Australia SURVEY and OPPORTUNE databases. Many of these records were accompanied by a voucher specimen lodged in the SA Museum but a proportion are observational only. 3) Records from surveys by the Mammal Club of the Field Naturalists’ Society of South Australia 1967- 97.
Birds The grid database is composed of the following components: 1) Specimen records from the SA Museum with the exception of sub-fossil material or records that did not have a sufficiently accurate location or have not been identified to species.
9 THREATENED SPECIES CATEGORIES
The listing indicates the threatened status of species within Australia as a whole (upper case bold) from Schedules 1, 2 and 3 of the Endangered Species Protection Act 1992. Status categories and definitions are derived from IUCN (1994) which is summarised as follows:
Code Status category Category definition EX EXTINCT A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW EXTINCT IN A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity THE WILD or as a naturalised population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in the wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual) throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon’s life cycle and life form. CR CRITICALLY A taxon is Critically Endangered when it is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in ENDANGERED the wild in the immediate future. EN ENDANGERED A taxon is Endangered when it is not critically endangered but is facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future. VU VULNERABLE A taxon is Vulnerable when it is not critically endangered or endangered but is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future. LR LOWER RISK A taxon is Lower Risk when it has been evaluated, does not satisfy the criteria for any of the categories Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. Taxa included in the Lower Risk category can be separated into three sub-categories: 1. Conservation Dependent (cd). Taxa which are the focus of a continuing taxon-specific or habitat- specific conservation programupdates. targetted towards the taxon in question, the cessation of which would result in the taxon qualifying for one of the threatened categories above within a period of five years. 2. Near Threatened (nt). Taxa which fordo not qualify for Conservation Dependent but which are close to qualifying for Vulnerable 3. Least Concern (lc). Taxa which do not qualify for Conservation Dependent or Near Threatened DD DATA A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct or DEFICIENT indirect assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution or population status. A taxon in this categoryEdition may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data on abundance and/or distribution is lacking. Data Deficient is therefore not a category of threat4th or Lower Risk
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10 The threatened status of species for South Australia (upper case not bold). These are an update of Schedules 7, 8 and 9 of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. These ammended Schedules are due to be promulgated in early 2000:
Code Status category Category definition EX Extinct Not definitely located in the wild during the past 50 years, or not found in recent years despite thorough searching XW Extinct in the wild Extant but only in captive populations E Endangered In danger of extinction if the causal factors continue to operate V Vulnerable Likely to move into the “Endangered” category in the near future if the causal factors continue to operate R Rare Occurs in small populations that are not at present “Endangered” or “Vulnerable” but are at some risk due to their rarity (i.e. low numbers); this may include naturally scarce species that may require conservation consideration to ensure that they do not become “Endangered” or “Vulnerable”.
The development and refinement of status categories is an ongoing process. The new schedules for the National Parks and Wildlife Act were developed from a variety of sources, detailed in the introductions to the individual sections. During this process, we attempted to provide the most recent opinions even though these status categories have not yet been formalised in the appropriate wildlife conservation legislation. REFERENCES updates. IUCN (1994). IUCN Red List Categories, prepared by the IUCN Species Survival Commission, as approved by the 40th meeting of the IUCN Council, Gland, Switzerland. IUCN, Glandfor Switzerland. Blakers, M., Davies, S. J. J. F. and Reilly, P. N. (1984). The Atlas of Australian Birds. Royal Australasian Ornithologists’ Union. Melbourne University Press. Melbourne.
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12 A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia ______Mammals
compiled by Catherine Kemper, Curator of Mammals; Terry Reardon, Technical Officer; Lynette Queale, former Collection Manager, Mammal Section.
This mammal list includes all species of mammals reliably recorded as living in South Australia at the Recent synonyms for scientific names can be found in time of European settlement as well as some recorded Wilson and Reeder (1992), Walton (1988), Watts and only from subfossils. For most species the evidence for Aslin (1981) and Rice (1998). their occurrence comes from museum specimens, Common names follow Strahan (1995) with the publications or reliable sightings. Subfossil records are addition of some commonly used names (in brackets), indicated on the list. Species known only from subfossil particularly for bats. Cetacean common names follow deposits (owl pellets and surface remains) usually Bannister et al. (1996). occurred together with introduced mammal species ie: Mus and therefore may have been extant when The inclusion of several species deserves special Europeans arrived. Some species known from subfossil mention. A planigale that had not previously been deposits (eg. Sminthopsis longicaudata) have not been recorded in South Australia has recently been identified included until more evidence is available, particularly from the far northeastern part of the State. It appears to through the dating of the deposits in which they are be like Planigale ingrami but final determination found. Maps are not provided for subfossil species. awaits taxonomic revision in the genus. The Heath Rat, Pseudomys shortridgei, was discovered in the Mammal species or subspecies that have become collections of the South Australian Museum in 2000. It extinct in South Australia since settlement and have was collectedupdates. from Kangaroo Island in 1967. The been reintroduced to certain locations are annotated Common Sheathtail-bat, Taphozous georgianus, with these details. appeared on previous lists but is not included here. forSince the only specimen for the State has been lost, it is Taxa above Subfamily level (ie. Subclass, Order, not possible to verify its identity. Suborder, Family) follow the world list of mammals (Wilson and Reeder 1992). Subfamilies and species are Several species have been recorded near the South arranged alphabetically and are included only when it is Australian border and therefore could be, or have been, necessary to divide South Australian representatives of present in the State. These are Antechinus swainsonii, Families into subgroups. Edition Antechinus agilis, Sminthopsis leucopus, Sminthopsis longicaudata and Mormopterus sp. (Eastern Freetail- Several species are under taxonomic review and are bat). likely to be divided into two or more4th species, sometimes by elevating subspecies to full species level. The following list includes all species of mammals Annotations appear in the list to alert users to possible reliably recorded as free-living forms from South future changes. Although Rice (1998) elevated several Australia during the period of European settlement. The subspecies of cetaceans toSee species level we have taken list has the ordering and composition shown in the table a conservative approach here until more information below (figures in brackets show the number of becomes available, particularly for South Australian introduced families and species) populations. Class Common Name Number of Number of species families Monotremata Platypus and Echidnas 1 2 Dasyuromorphia Carnivorous Marsupials 2 26 Peremelemorphia Bandicoots and Bilbies 1 8 Notoryctemorphia Marsupial Moles 1 1 Diprotodontia Koalas, Wombats, Possums and Macropods 9 30 Chiroptera Bats 5 23 Carnivora Carnivores 4(2) 12 (3) Cetacea Whales and Dolphins 8 28 Perissodactyla Odd-toed Ungulates 1(1) 2 (2) Artiodactyla Even-toed Ungulates 4(4) 7 (7) Rodentia Rodents 1 26 (3) Lagomorpha Rabbits, hares and relatives 1(1) 2 (2) Totals 38 (8) 167 (17)
The conservation status of South Australian mammals is shown in the table below:
Class Common Name Total Species EX E V R Monotremata Platypus and Echidnas 2 1 Dasyuromorphia Carnivorous Marsupials 26 4 5 2 Peremelemorphia Bandicoots and Bilbies 8 6 1 1 Notoryctemorphia Marsupial Moles 1 1 Diprotodontia Koalas, Wombats, Possums and Macropods 31 9 3 3 6 Chiroptera Bats 23updates. 1 2 2 3 Carnivora Carnivorous Eutherian Mammals 12 (3) 4 Cetacea Whales and Dolphins for28 1 3 16 Perissodactyla Odd-toed Ungulates 2 (2) Artiodactyla Even-toed Ungulates 7 (7) Rodentia Rodents 26 (3) 7 2 3 Lagomorpha Rabbit and Hare 2 (2) Totals Edition 167 (17) 26 16 12 31 Major references that have been consulted in the preparation of this listing and references cited in the text are listed below. 4thREFERENCES Aitken, P. F. (1970). South Australian mammals. In South Australian Yearbook, 1970. Ling, J. K. and Aitken, P. F. (1981). Marine Mammals Government Printer, Adelaide. of South Australia. In South Australian Bannister, J. L., Kemper, C. M.See and Warneke, R. M. Yearbook, 1981. Government Printer, (1996). The action plan for Australian Adelaide. cetaceans. Australian Nature Conservation Reardon, T. B. and Flavel, S. C. (1991). A guide to the Agency, Canberra. bats of South Australia. South Australian Churchill, S. (1998). Australian bats. New Holland Museum, Adelaide. Publishers, Australia. Rice, D. W. (1998). Marine mammals of the world, Finlayson, H. H. (1961). On central Australian systematics and distribution. Special mammals. Part IV - The distribution and status Publication Number 4, The Society for Marine of central Australian species. Records of the Mammalogy. Allen Press, Lawrence South Australian Museum 14, 141-191. Robinson, A. C., Kemper, C. M., Medlin, G. and Flannery, T. F. (1990). Australia’s vanishing Watts, C. H. S. (2000). The rodents of South mammals. Reader’s Digest, Sydney. Australia. Wildlife Research (in press) Iredale, T. and Troughton, E. leG. (1934). A check-list Strahan, R. (ed.) (1995). The mammals of Australia. of the mammals recorded from Australia. Australian Museum and Reed Books, Sydney. Australian Museum Memoirs 6, 1-122. Tunbridge, D. (1991). The story of the Flinders Jones, F. W. (1925). The mammals of South Australia. Ranges mammals. Kangaroo Press, Sydney. Parts I - III. Government Printer, Adelaide. Walton, D. W. (1988). Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol 5 - Mammalia. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
14 Watts, C. H. S. and Aslin, H. J. (1981). The rodents of Australia. Angus and Robertson, Sydney. Wilson, D. E. and Reeder, D. M. (1992). Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference (second edition). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.
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15 CLASS MAMMALIA - Mammals
Subclass Prototheria - Monotremes
ORDER MONOTREMATA - Platypus and echidnas
FAMILY ORNITHORHYNCHIDAE - Platypus
1. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw, 1799) Platypus E
FAMILY TACHYGLOSSIDAE - Echidnas
2. Tachyglossus aculeatus (Shaw, 1792) Short-beaked Echidna Subclass Marsupialia - Marsupials updates. ORDER DASYUROMORPHIA - Carnivorous marsupials for FAMILY MYRMECOBIIDAE - Numbat
3. Myrmecobius fasciatus Waterhouse, 1836 Numbat EN, E Original populations extinct. Re-introduced to Yookamurra Sanctuary
FAMILY DASYURIDAEEdition - Dasyurids Subfamily Dasyurinae 4th 4. Dasycercus byrnei (Spencer, 1896) Kowari EN, V 5. Dasycercus cristicauda (Krefft, 1867) Mulgara VU, E A taxonomic revision is inSee progress to characterise the two forms recognised from South Australia: Dasycercus cristicauda cristicauda Mulgara E Dasycercus cristicauda hillieri (Thomas, 1905) Amperta R 6. Dasyurus geoffroii Gould, 1841 Western Quoll EN, EX 7. Dasyurus maculatus (Kerr, 1792) Spotted-tailed Quoll (Tiger Quoll) V, EX 8. Dasyurus viverrinus (Shaw, 1800) Eastern Quoll EX 9. Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis (Spencer, 1895) Fat-tailed Pseudantechinus
Subfamily Phascogalinae
10. Antechinus flavipes (Waterhouse, 1838) Yellow-footed Antechinus 11. Antechinus minimus (E. Geoffroy, 1803) Swamp Antechinus E 12. Phascogale calura Gould, 1844 Red-tailed Phascogale EN, EX 13. Phascogale tapoatafa (F. A. Meyer, 1793) Brush-tailed Phascogale E
Subfamily Planigalinae
14. Ningaui ridei Archer, 1975 Wongai Ningaui 15. Ningaui yvonneae Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1983 Southern Ningaui 16 16. Planigale gilesi Aitken, 1972 Giles' Planigale (Paucident Planigale) 17. Planigale cf ingrami (Thomas, 1906) Long-tailed Planigale A taxonomic revision is in progress, specimens from the NE of South Australia may be referrable to this taxon. 18. Planigale tenuirostris Troughton, 1928 Narrow-nosed Planigale
Subfamily Sminthopsinae
19. Antechinomys laniger (Gould, 1856) Kultarr 20. Sminthopsis aitkeni Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1984 Kangaroo Island Dunnart (Sooty Dunnart) EN, E 21. Sminthopsis crassicaudata (Gould, 1844) Fat-tailed Dunnart 22. Sminthopsis dolichura Kitchener, Stoddart & Henry, 1984 Little Long-tailed Dunnart 23. Sminthopsis hirtipes Thomas, 1898 Hairy-footed Dunnart R 24. Sminthopsis macroura (Gould, 1845) Stripe-faced Dunnart 25. Sminthopsis murina (Waterhouse, 1838) Common Dunnart 26. Sminthopsis ooldea Troughton, 1965 Ooldea Dunnart 27. Sminthopsis psammophila Spencer, 1895 Sandhill Dunnart EN, E 28. Sminthopsis youngsoni McKenzie & Archer, 1982 Lesser Hairy-footed Dunnart R
ORDER PERAMELEMORPHIA - Bandicoots and bilbies
FAMILY PERAMELIDAE - Bandicoots and bilbies Subfamily Peramelinae updates. 29. Chaeropus ecaudatus (Ogilby, 1838) Pig-footed Bandicoot EX, EX 30. Isoodon auratus (Ramsay, 1887) Golden Bandicoot EN, EX 31. Isoodon obesulus (Shaw, 1797) Southern Brown Bandicootfor V 32. Perameles bougainville Quoy & Gaimard, 1824 Western Barred Bandicoot E, EX 33. Perameles eremiana Spencer, 1897 Desert Bandicoot EX, EX 34. Perameles gunnii J. E. Gray, 1838 Eastern Barred Bandicoot VU, EX Subfamily Thylacomyinae Edition 35. Macrotis lagotis (Reid, 1837) Bilby (Greater Bilby) VU, E Original populations extinct. Introduced to Thistle Island and Yookamurra Sanctuary. 36. Macrotis leucura (Thomas, 1887)4th Lesser Bilby EX, EX
ORDERSee NOTORYCTEMORPHIA - Marsupial Mole FAMILY NOTORYCTIDAE - Marsupial Mole
37. Notoryctes typhlops (Stirling, 1889) Marsupial Mole (Itjari itjari) EN, E Notoryctes caurinus Thomas, 1920 assumed to occur only north of South Australia, but species distribution poorly known ORDER DIPROTODONTIA - Koala, wombats, possums and macropods
FAMILY PHASCOLARCTIDAE - Koala
38. Phascolarctos cinereus (Goldfuss, 1817) Koala R Original population extinct. Introduced to Kangaroo Island in 1923 and 1929 and from there to several areas of the mainland.
17 FAMILY VOMBATIDAE - Wombats
39. Lasiorhinus latifrons (Owen, 1845) Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat Introduced to Wedge Island and Pooginook Conservation Park. 40. Vombatus ursinus (Shaw, 1800) Common Wombat R
FAMILY - PHALANGERIDAE Brushtail possums, cuscuses and Scaly-tailed Possum
41. Trichosurus vulpecula (Kerr, 1792) Common Brushtail Possum
FAMILY POTOROIDAE - Potoroos, bettongs and Musky Rat-kangaroo
42. Bettongia lesueur (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Burrowing Bettong , (Boodie) EN, E Original populations extinct. Introduced to Yookamurra Sanctuary 43. Bettongia penicillata Gray, 1837 Brush-tailed Bettong, (Woylie) LR(cd), R Original populations extinct. Introduced to St Peter Island, Wedge Island, Venus Bay Conservation Park and Yookamurra Sanctuary. 44. Caloprymnus campestris (Gould, 1843) Desert Rat-kangaroo EX, EX 45. Potorous tridactylus (Kerr, 1792) Long-nosed Potoroo EN, EX
FAMILY MACROPODIDAE - Wallabies, kangaroos and tree kangaroos
46. Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould, 1844 Rufous Hare-wallaby, (Mala) EN, EX 47. Lagorchestes leporides (Gould, 1841) Eastern Hare-wallaby EX, EX 48. Macropus eugenii (Desmarest, 1817) Tammar Wallaby updates. Mainland subspecies M. e. eugenii extinct in SA but introduced to Kawau Island E, NZ. Kangaroo Island subspecies M. e. decres still common. 49. Macropus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817) Western Grey Kangaroofor 50. Macropus giganteus Shaw, 1790 Eastern Grey Kangaroo R 51. Macropus greyi Waterhouse, 1845 Toolache Wallaby EX, EX 52. Macropus robustus Gould, 1841 Euro 53. Macropus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817) Red-necked Wallaby R 54. Macropus rufus (Desmarest, 1822) Red Kangaroo 55. Onychogalea lunata (Gould, 1841) Crescent NailtailEdition Wallaby EX, EX 56. Petrogale lateralis Gould, 1842 Black-footed Rock-wallaby VU, E P.lateralis (McDonnell Ranges race) in NW of SA VU, E. P.l. pearsonii VU, V on Pearson Island and introduced to Wedge, Thistle and West (now extinct) Islands. 57. Petrogale xanthopus J. E. Gray, 18554th Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby V 58. Thylogale billardierii (Desmarest, 1822) Tasmanian Pademelon EX 59. Wallabia bicolor (Desmarest, 1804) Swamp Wallaby V See FAMILY BURRAMYIDAE - Pygmy-possums
60. Cercartetus concinnus (Gould, 1845) Western Pygmy-possum 61. Cercartetus lepidus (Thomas, 1888) Little Pygmy-possum 62. Cercartetus nanus (Desmarest, 1818) Eastern Pygmy-possum V
FAMILY PSEUDOCHEIRIDAE - Ringtail possums and Greater Glider
63. Pseudocheirus peregrinus (Boddaert, 1785) Common Ringtail Possum
18 FAMILY PETAURIDAE - Striped Possum, Leadbeater's Possum and wrist-winged gliders
64. Petaurus australis Shaw, 1791 Yellow-bellied Glider E 65. Petaurus breviceps Waterhouse, 1839 Sugar Glider R Note: the single museum record for the Mt Lofty Ranges (M17784 is probably a captive escapee 66. Petaurus norfolcensis (Kerr, 1792) Squirrel Glider EX
FAMILY ACROBATIDAE - Feathertail Glider
67. Acrobates pygmaeus (Shaw, 1794) Feathertail Glider E
Subclass Eutheria - Eutherian or placental mammals
ORDER - CHIROPTERA Bats
SUBORDER MEGACHIROPTERA - Megabats FAMILY PTEROPODIDAE - Flying-foxesupdates. and relatives 68. Pteropus poliocephalus Temminck, 1825 Grey-headed Flying-fox O 69. Pteropus scapulatus Peters, 1862 Little Red Flying-fox Ofor SUBORDER MICROCHIROPTERA - Microbats
FAMILY EMBALLONURIDAE - Sheathtail-bats
70. Saccolaimus flaviventris (Peters, 1867) EditionYellow-bellied Sheathtail Bat R 71. Taphozous hilli Kitchener, 1980 Hill's Sheathtail Bat R
FAMILY4th MEGADERMATIDAE - False vampires 72. Macroderma gigas See(Dobson, 1880) Ghost Bat VU, EX FAMILY MOLOSSIDAE - Freetail-bats
73. Mormopterus spp. (Peters, 1865) Southern Freetail-bats A species complex which includes forms soon to become species in SA: Inland Freetail-bat (short penis form), Eastern Freetail -bat (long penis form) and Hairy Rostrum Freetail -bat .R 74. Tadarida australis (J. E. Gray, 1838) White-striped Freetail-bat
19 FAMILY VESPERTILIONIDAE - Ordinary bats
Subfamily Miniopterinae
75. Miniopterus schreibersii (Kuhl, 1817) Large Bentwing-bat
Subfamily Nyctophilinae
76. Nyctophilus geoffroyi Leach, 1821 Lesser Long-eared Bat 77. Nyctophilus gouldi Tomes, 1858 Gould’s Long-eared Bat E 78. Nyctophilus timoriensis (E. Geoffroy, 1806) Greater Long-eared Bat V
Subfamily Vespertilioninae
79. Chalinolobus gouldii J. E. Gray, 1841 Gould's Wattled Bat 80. Chalinolobus morio J. E. Gray, 1841 Chocolate Wattled Bat 81. Chalinolobus picatus Gould, 1852 Little Pied Bat V 82. Falsistrellus tasmaniensis (Gould, 1851) Eastern Falsistrelle (Eastern False Pipistrelle) R 83. Myotis macropus Gould, 1855 Southern Myotis E 84. Scotorepens balstoni (Thomas, 1906) Inland Broad-nosed Bat 85. Scotorepens greyii (Gray, 1843) Little Broad-nosed Bat 86. Vespadelus baverstocki (Kitchener, Jones & Caputi, 1987) Inland Forest Bat 87. Vespadelus darlingtoni (Allen,1933) Large Forest Bat 88. Vespadelus finlaysoni (Kitchener, Jones & Caputi, 1987) Finlayson's Cave Bat 89. Vespadelus regulus (Thomas, 1906) Southern Forest Bat updates. 90. Vespadelus vulturnus (Thomas, 1914) Little Forest Bat for ORDER CARNIVORA - Carnivores
FAMILY CANIDAE - Dogs, foxes and relatives
91. *Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 Wolf (Dog, Dingo)Edition The domestic or feral dog is C. l. familiaris. The Dingo is C. l. dingo (F. A. Meyer, 1793). 92. *Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) Fox4th (Red Fox) FAMILY FELIDAE - Cats and relatives 93. *Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758See Cat (Feral Cat) FAMILY OTARIIDAE - Eared seals
Subfamily Arctocephalinae
94. Arctocephalus forsteri (Lesson, 1828) New Zealand Fur-seal 95. Arctocephalus tropicalis (J.E. Gray, 1872) Subantarctic Fur-seal 96. Arctocephalus pusillus (Schreber, 1776) Australian Fur-seal R Only one subspecies, A. p. doriferus Jones, 1925, found in Australian waters.
Subfamily Otariinae
97. Neophoca cinerea (Peron, 1816) Australian Sea-lion R
20 FAMILY PHOCIDAE - Earless seals
98. Hydrurga leptonyx (Blainville, 1820) Leopard Seal O 99. Leptonychotes weddellii (Lesson, 1826) Weddell Seal O 100. Lobodon carcinophagus Hombron & Jacquinot, 1842 Crab-eater Seal O 101. Mirounga leonina (Linnaeus, 1758) Southern Elephant Seal O 102. Ommatophoca rossii J. E. Gray, 1844 Ross Seal O ORDER CETACEA - Whales and dolphins
SUBORDER MYSTICETI - Baleen whales
FAMILY BALAENIDAE - Right Whales
103. Eubalaena australis (Desmoulins,1882) Southern Right Whale EN, V
FAMILY BALAENOPTERIDAE - Rorquals and Humpback Whale
104. Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacepede, 1804 Minke Whale R Taxonomic revision is likely to result in two species in South Australian waters: B. acutorostrata Dwarf Minke Whale and B. bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 Antarctic Minke Whale. 105. Balaenoptera borealis Lesson, 1828 Sei Whale VU 106. Balaenoptera edeni Anderson, 1878 Bryde's Whale 107. Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue Whale EN, E updates. Two subspecies are recognised which occur in South Australian waters: B. m. musculus the ‘true’ Blue Whale and B. m. brevicauda Ichihara, 1966 the Pygmy Blue Whale. They may be elevated to full species level in future. 108. Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758) Fin Whale VU,for V 109. Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781) Humpback Whale VU, V
FAMILY NEOBALAENIDAE - Pygmy Right Whale 110. Caperea marginata (J. E. Gray, 1846) Edition Pygmy Right Whale R SUBORDER ODONTOCETI - Toothed whales and dolphins
FAMILY DELPHINIDAE4th - Dolphins, killer whales and pilot whales
111. Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 Common Dolphin 112. Globicephala macrorynchusSee J. E. Gray,1846 Short-finned Pilot Whale R 113. Globicephala melas (Traill, 1809) Long-finned Pilot Whale 114. Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) Risso's Dolphin R 115. Lagenorhynchus obscurus (J. E. Gray, 1828) Dusky Dolphin R 116. Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758) Killer Whale. (Orca) 117. Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846) False Killer Whale R 118. Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) Bottlenose Dolphin Two subspecies are recognised which occur in South Australian waters: T. t. truncatus Common Bottlenose Dolphin and T. t. aduncus (Ehrenberg, 1833) Indian Ocean Bottlenose Dolphin. These may be elevated to full species level.
FAMILY PHOCOENIDAE - Porpoises
119. Phocoena dioptrica Lahille, 1912 Spectacled Porpoise O
FAMILY PHYSETERIDAE - Sperm Whale
120. Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Sperm Whale R
FAMILY KOGIIDAE - Pygmy and dwarf sperm whales 21 121. Kogia breviceps (de Blainville, 1838) Pygmy Sperm Whale R 122. Kogia sima (Owen, 1866) Dwarf Sperm Whale R
FAMILY ZIPHIIDAE - Beaked Whales
123. Berardius arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 Arnoux's Beaked Whale R 124. Hyperoodon planifrons Flower, 1882 Southern Bottlenose Whale R 125. Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews, 1908 Andrews Beaked Whale R 126. Mesoplodon grayi von Haast, 1876 Gray's Beaked Whale (Scamperdown Whale) R 127. Mesoplodon hectori (J. E. Gray,1871) Hector's Beaked Whale R 128. Mesoplodon layardii (J. E. Gray, 1865) Strap-toothed Whale 129. Tasmacetus shepherdi Oliver, 1937 Shepherd's Beaked Whale (Tasman Beaked Whale) R 130. Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 Cuvier's Beaked Whale (Goosebeak Whale) R ORDER PERISSODACTYLA - Odd-toed ungulates
FAMILY EQUIDAE - Horses, donkeys and relatives
131. *Equus asinus Linnaeus, 1758 Donkey (Feral Donkey) 132. *Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758 Horse (Brumby) ORDER ARTIODACTYLA - Even-toedupdates. ungulates FAMILY SUIDAE - Pigs and relatives for 133. *Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 Pig (Feral Pig)
FAMILY CAMELIDAE - Camels and relatives 134. *Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus, 1758 One-humpedEdition Camel (Dromedary, Arabian Camel) FAMILY CERVIDAE - Deer and relatives
135. *Cervus dama Linnaeus, 1758 Fallow4th Deer 136. *Cervus elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Red Deer SeeFAMILY BOVIDAE - Horned ruminants 137. *Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle (European Cattle) 139. *Capra hircus Linnaeus, 1758 Goat (Feral Goat) 139. *Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758 Sheep (Feral Sheep)
22 ORDER RODENTIA - Rodents
FAMILY MURIDAE - Murids
Subfamily Hydromyinae
140. Conilurus albipes (Lichtenstein, 1829) White-footed Tree-rat EX, EX Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000). 141. Hydromys chrysogaster Geoffroy, 1804 Water-rat 142. Leggadina forresti (Thomas, 1906) Forrest's Mouse 143. Leporillus apicalis (Gould, 1853) Lesser Stick-nest Rat EX, EX 144. Leporillus conditor (Sturt, 1848) Greater Stick-nest Rat EN, V Extinct on SA mainland. Remaining wild population on the Franklin Islands. Introduced to Reevesby and St Peter Islands 145. Notomys alexis Thomas, 1922 Spinifex Hopping-mouse 146. Notomys amplus Brazenor, 1936 Short-tailed Hopping-mouse EX, EX Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000). 147. Notomys cervinus (Gould, 1853) Fawn Hopping-mouse E 148. Notomys fuscus (Jones, 1925) Dusky Hopping-mouse EN, V 149. Notomys longicaudatus (Gould, 1844) Long-tailed Hopping-mouse EX, EX Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000). 150. Notomys mitchellii (Ogilby, 1838) Mitchell's Hopping-mouse 151. Pseudomys apodemoides Finlayson, 1932 Silky Mouse 152. Pseudomys australis J. E. Gray, 1832 Plains Mouse (Plains Rat) VU, V 153. Pseudomys bolami Troughton, 1932 Bolam's Mouse 154. Pseudomys desertor Troughton, 1932 Desert Mouse (Brown Desert Mouse) 155. Pseudomys fieldi (Waite, 1896) Shark Bay Mouse VU, EX updates. Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000). 156. Pseudomys gouldii (Waterhouse, 1839) Gould’s Mouse EX, EX Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et foral. (2000). 157. Pseudomys hermannsburgensis (Waite, 1896) Sandy Inland Mouse 158. Pseudomys shortridgei (Thomas, 1907) Heath Rat EN, E
Subfamily Murinae
159. *Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1766 HouseEdition Mouse 160. Rattus fuscipes (Waterhouse, 1839) Bush Rat 161. Rattus lutreolus (J. E. Gray, 1841) Swamp Rat 162. *Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout,4th 1769) Brown Rat (Sewer Rat, Norway Rat) 163. *Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black Rat (Ship Rat, Roof Rat) 164. Rattus tunneyi (Thomas, 1904) Pale Field-rat EX 165. Rattus villosissimusSee (Waite, 1898) Long-haired Rat (Plague Rat) ORDER LAGOMORPHA - Rabbits, hares and relatives
FAMILY LEPORIDAE - Rabbits and hares
166. *Lepus capensis Linnaeus, 1758 Brown Hare, (European Hare) 167. *Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rabbit, (European Rabbit)
23 1. Platypus 5. Mulgara 9. Fat-tailed Pseudantechinus Ornithorhynchus anatinus Dasycercus cristicauda Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis
2. Short-beaked Echidna 6. Western Quoll Tachyglossus aculeatus Dasyurus geoffroii 10. Yellow-footed Antechinus Antechinus flavipes
updates. 3. Numbat 7. Spotted-tail Quoll Myrmecobius fasciatus Dasyurus maculatus for 11. Swamp Antechinus Antechinus minimus
Edition 4th
4. Kowari 8. Eastern Quoll Dasycercus byrnei See Dasyurus viverrinus 12. Red-tailed Phascogale Phascogale calura
24 13. Brush-tailed Phascogale 17. Long-tailed Planigale 21. Fat-tailed Dunnart Phascogale tapoatafa Planigale cf ingrami Sminthopsis crassicaudata
% % %
% %
%
14. Wongai Ningaui 18. Narrow-nosed Planigale 22. Little Long-tailed Dunnart Ningaui ridei Planigale tenuirostris Sminthopsis dolichura
% % % % % % % % % % % % % % % %% % % % % % % % % % % % % % %% % % % %%%% % % % %%% % % % % % % % %% % % %
updates. 15. Yvonne's Ningaui 19. Kultarr 23. Hairy-footed Dunnart Ningaui yvonneae Antechinomysfor laniger Sminthopsis hirtipes
Edition 4th
24. Stripe-faced Dunnart 16. Giles’ Planigale 20. Kangaroo Island Dunnart Sminthopsis macroura Planigale gilesiSee Sminthopsis aitkeni
25 25. Common Dunnart 29. Pig-footed Bandicoot 33. Desert Bandicoot Sminthopsis murina Chaeropus ecaudatus Perameles eremiana
%
%
26. Ooldea Dunnart 30. Golden Bandicoot 34. Eastern Barred Bandicoot Sminthopsis ooldea Isoodon auratus Perameles gunnii
updates. 27. Sandhill Dunnart 31. Southern Brown Bandicoot 35. Greater Bilby Sminthopsis psammophila Isoodon obesulus for Macrotis lagotis
Edition 4th
28. Lesser Hairy-footed 32. Western Barred Bandicoot 36. Lesser Bilby Dunnart Perameles bougainville Sminthopsis youngsoni See Macrotis leucura
% %
26 37. Marsupial Mole 41. Common Brushtail Possum 45. Long-nosed Potoroo Notoryctes typhlops Trichosurus vulpecula Potorous tridactylus
38. Koala 42. Burrowing Bettong 46. Rufous Hare-wallaby Phascolarctos cinereus Bettongia lesueur Lagorchestes. hirsutus
updates. 39. Hairy-nosed Wombat 43. Brush-tailed Bettong Lasiorhinus latifrons Bettongia penicillata 47. Eastern Hare-wallaby for Lagorchestes leporides
Edition 4th
40. Common Wombat 44. Desert Rat-kangaroo Vombatus ursinus Caloprymnus campestris 48. Tammar See Macropus eugenii
27 49. Western Grey Kangaroo 53. Red-necked Wallaby 57. Yellow-footed Rock-wallaby Macropus fuliginosus Macropus rufogriseus Petrogale xanthopus
50. Eastern Grey Kangaroo 54. Red Kangaroo 58. Tasmanian Pademelon Macropus giganteus Macropus rufus Thylogale billardierii
updates. 51. Toolache Wallaby 55. Crescent Nailtail Wallaby 59. Swamp Wallaby Macropus greyi Onychogalea lunatafor Wallabia bicolor
Edition 4th
52. Euro Macropus robustus 56. Black-footed Rock Wallaby 60. Western Pygmy-possum See Petrogale lateralis Cercartetus concinnus
28 61. Little Pygmy-possum 65. Sugar Glider 69. Little Red Flying-fox Cercartetus lepidus Petaurus breviceps Pteropus scapulatus
62. Eastern Pygmy-possum 66. Squirrel Glider 70. Yellow-bellied Sheathtail Cercartetus nanus Petaurus norfolkensis Bat Saccolaimus flaviventris
updates.
63. Common Ringtail Possum 67. Feathertailfor Glider Pseudocheirus peregrinus Acrobates pygmaeus 71. Hill's Sheathtail-bat Taphozous hilli
Edition 4th
64. Yellow-bellied GliderSee 68. Grey-headed Flying-fox Petaurus australis Pteropus poliocephalus 72. Ghost Bat Macroderma gigas
%
%
29 73. Southern Freetail-bats 77. Gould’s long-eared Bat 81. Little Pied Bat Mormopterus spp. Nyctophilus gouldi Chalinolobus picatus
74. White-striped Freetail-bat 78. Greater Long-eared Bat 82. Eastern Falsistrelle Tadarida australis Nyctophilus timoriensis Falsistrellus tasmaniensis
updates.
75. Common Bentwing-bat 79. Gould's Wattled Batfor 83 Southern Myotis Miniopterus schreibersii Chalinolobus gouldii Myotis macropus
Edition 4th
76. Lesser Long-eared Bat See 84. Inland Broad-nosed Bat 80. Chocolate Wattled Bat Scotorepens balstoni Nyctophilus geoffroyi Chalinolobus morio
30 85. Little Broad-nosed Bat 89. Southern Forest Bat 93. *Cat Scotorepens greyii Vespadelus regulus *Felis catus
86. Inland Forest Bat 90. Little Forest Bat Vespadelus baverstocki Vespadelus vulturnus 94. New Zealand Fur-seal Arctocephalus forsteri
87. Large Forest Bat updates. 91. *Dingo 95. Subantarctic Fur-seal Vespadelus darlingtoni *Canis lupusfor dingo Arctocephalus tropicalis
Edition %
%%% % % % % %
4th % % 88. Finlayson’s Cave Bat 92. *Fox 96. Australian Fur-seal Vespadelus finlaysoni *Vulpes vulpes See Arctocephalus pusillus
31 97. Australian Sea-lion 101. Southern Elephant Seal 133. *Pig Neophoca cinerea Mirounga leonina *Sus scrofa
98. Leopard Seal Hydrurga leptonyx 102. Ross Seal 134. *One-humped Camel Ommatophoca rossii *Camelus dromedarius
updates. 99. Weddell Seal Leptonychotes weddell NO MAPS FOR CETACEANS 135. *Fallow Deer for *Cervus dama 131. *Donkey *Equus asinus
Edition 4th
100. Crab-eater Seal Lobodon carcinophagus See 136. *Red Deer 132. *Horse *Cervus elaphus *Equus caballus
32 137. *Cattle 141. Water Rat 145. Spinifex Hopping-mouse *Bos taurus Hydromys chrysogaster Notomys alexis
138. *Goat 142. Forrest's Mouse 146. Short-tailed Hopping- *Capra hircus Leggadina forresti mouse Notomys amplus
Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).
147. Fawn Hopping-mouse Notomys cervinus updates. 139. *Sheep 143. Lesser Stick-nest Rat *Ovis aries Leporillus apicalisfor
Edition 148. Dusky Hopping-mouse 4th Notomys fuscus
140. White-footed Tree-rat 144. Greater Stick-nest Rat Conilurus albipesSee Leporillus conditor
Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).
149. Long-tailed Hopping mouse Notomys longicaudatus
Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).
33 150. Mitchell's Hopping-mouse 154. Desert Mouse 159. *House Mouse Notomys mitchellii Pseudomys desertor *Mus musculus
160. Bush Rat 155. Shark Bay Mouse 151. Silky Mouse Rattus fuscipes Pseudomys apodemoides Pseudomys fieldi Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000).
156. Gould's Mouse Pseudomys gouldii
Known only from subfossil material in SA. See Robinson et al. (2000). updates. 161. Swamp Rat 152. Plains Mouse 157. Sandy Inland Mouse Rattus lutreolus Pseudomys australis Pseudomys hermannsburgensisfor
Edition 4th
162. *Brown Rat 153. Bolam's Mouse 158. Heath Rat *Rattus norvegicus Pseudomys bolami See Pseudomys shortridgei
34 163. *Black Rat 167. *Rabbit *Rattus rattus *Oryctolagus cuniculus
164. Pale Field-rat Rattus tunneyi
updates. 165. Long-haired Rat Rattus villosissimus for
Edition 4th
166. *Brown Hare *Lepus capensisSee
35 updates. for
Edition 4th
See
36 A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia ______Birds ______
Compiled by Philippa Horton, Collection Manager, Birds South Australian Museum, North Terrace, ADELAIDE 5000
The following list includes all species of birds reliably recorded as free living forms from South Australia The most radical departures from the second edition of during the period of European settlement. Introduced this list are: species for which there are no current, established, feral The return of several non-passerine groups to ordinal populations are given in a supplementary list at the end status, instead of being subsumed in a vastly expanded of this chapter. Ciconiiformes following Sibley and Monroe (1990), and, The bird chapters in the first and second editions of this The resurrection of several passerine families, vertebrate list (Aslin, 1985; Watts, 1990) were written previously included in an expanded Corvidae following by the late Shane Parker, and it is his work that I have Sibley and Monroe (1990). drawn on in preparing this list. I have, however, made As discussed by Christidis and Boles (1994) numerous changes to the bird list of the second edition relationships among these groups remain equivocal and (1990), in order to incorporate recent observations and require further research, but in the interests of utility the results of recent research. Two recent publications and convention these authors followed conservative have had and will continue to have a profound effect on classifications. To maintain uniformity I follow Australian bird taxonomy: Christidis and Boles (1994) Christidis and Boles (1994) for the classification of and Schodde and Mason (1999). I have relied heavily these groups, and also Schodde and Mason (1999) for on both volumes, and the Latin and English names and passerines. taxonomic order I have used mostly follows these updates. works, although within families the genera and within Numerous species included in this list are vagrants or genera the species are here in alphabetical order. I have occasional visitors in South Australia and cannot be included subfamilies only in a few instances, in order to forconsidered as part of our established fauna. These I separate clearly defined groups that would otherwise be have annotated with the status category ‘O’. muddled in an alphabetical listing. Commonly used alternative English names are given in brackets. The distribution maps have been compiled from several sources, as listed in the general Introduction. There are however countless additional valid bird observations Edition that are not represented in the maps, for example those held by the South Australian Ornithological Association. The maps however generally provide a 4th good guide to the species’ distributions although they are not necessarily definitive. See The following table gives the bird Orders in the sequence that they appear in the main list. Figures in brackets show the number of introduced families or species.
Order Common Names Number of Number of Families Species Struthioniformes Ostrich, Emu 2(1) 3(1) Galliformes Megapodes, pheasants, quails 2 6(2) Anseriformes Swans, geese, ducks 2 19(1) Podicipediformes Grebes 1 3 Sphenisciformes Penguins 1 7 Procellariiformes Tubenoses 3 45 Pelecaniformes Tropicbirds, gannets, Darter, cormorants, Pelican 5 9 Ciconiiformes Herons, bitterns, ibises, spoonbills 2 16 Falconiformes Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons 2 21 Gruiformes Cranes, rails, Bustard 3 12(1) Turniciformes Button-quails 1 3 Charadriiformes Plains-wanderer, sandpipers & allies, Painted Snipe, 980 Stone-curlew, oystercatchers, stilts, plovers, dotterels, pratincoles, gulls, terns Columbiformes Pigeons, doves 1 10(3) Psittaciformes Cockatoos, parrots 2 34 Cuculiformes Cuckoos 1 8 Strigiformes Owls 2 6 Caprimulgiformes Frogmouths, nightjars, Owlet-nightjar 3 3 Apodiformes Swifts 1 3 Coraciiformes Kingfishers, Bee-eater, Roller updates.3 6 Passeriformes Songbirds 28(3) 173(6) Totals for 74(4) 467(14)
The conservation status of South Australian birds is shown in the table below:
Order Common Names Total EX E V R Species Struthioniformes Ostrich, Emu 3(1) 1 1 Galliformes Megapodes, pheasants, quailsEdition 6(2) 1 2 1 Anseriformes Swans, geese, ducks 19(1) 1 1 4 Podicipediformes Grebes 4th 3 1 Sphenisciformes Penguins 7 Procellariiformes Tubenoses 45 10 4 Pelecaniformes Tropicbirds, gannets, Darter, cormorants, Pelican 9 Ciconiiformes Herons, bitterns,See ibises, spoonbills 16 1 4 Falconiformes Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons 21 2 5 Gruiformes Cranes, rails, Bustard 12(1) 3 1 Turniciformes Button-quails 3 1 1 Charadriiformes Plains-wanderer, sandpipers & allies, Painted Snipe, 80 154 Stone-curlew, oystercatchers, stilts, plovers, dotterels, pratincoles, gulls, terns Columbiformes Pigeons, doves 10(3) 1 1 Psittaciformes Cockatoos, parrots 34 5 6 5 Cuculiformes Cuckoos 8 1 Strigiformes Owls 6 1 2 Caprimulgiformes Frogmouths, nightjars, owlet-nightjar 3 Apodiformes Swifts 3 Coraciiformes Kingfishers, Bee-eater, Roller 6 1 Passeriformes Songbirds 173(6) 1 1 11 27 Totals 467(14) 2 10 44 62
REFERENCES
38 A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia ______Baxter, C. (1995). An Annotated List of the Birds of Mathews, G. M. (1948). Systematic notes on the Kangaroo Island. 2nd edn. South Australian petrels. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club National Parks and Wildlife Service, Adelaide. 68: 155-170. Christidis, L. and Boles, W. E. (1994). The Taxonomy Nunn, G. B., Cooper, J., Jouventin, P., Robertson, C. J. and Species of Birds of Australia and its R. and Robertson, G. G. (1996). Evolutionary Territories. RAOU Monograph 2. Royal relationships among extant albatrosses Australasian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne. (Procellariiformes: Diomedeidae) established from Christidis, L. and Schodde, R. (1991). Relationships of complete cytochrome-b sequences. The Auk 113: Australo-Papuan songbirds (Aves: Passeriformes): 784-801. protein evidence. Ibis 133: 277-285. Parker, S. A., Eckert, H. J., Ragless, G. B., Cox, J. B. Condon, H.T. (1975). Checklist of the Birds of and Reid, N. C. H. (1979). An Annotated Checklist Australia. Part 1 Non-Passerines. Royal of the Birds of South Australia. Part 1.: Emus to Australasian Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne. Spoonbills. South Australian Ornithological Copley, P.B. (1996). The status of seabirds in South Association, Adelaide. Australia. Pp 139-180 in Ross, G.J.B., Weaver, K. Parker, S. A., Eckert, H. J. and Ragless, G. B. (1985). and Greig, J.C. (Editors). The Status of Australia’s An Annotated Checklist of the Birds of South Seabirds: Proceedings of the National Seabird Australia. Part 2A: Waterfowl. South Australian Workshop, Canberra, 1-2 November 1993. Ornithological Association, Adelaide. Biodiversity Group, Environment Australia, Robertson, C. J. R. and Nunn, G. B. (1998). Towards a Canberra. new taxonomy for albatrosses. Pp. 13-19 in Higgins, P.J. (1999). Handbook of Australian, New Robertson, G. and Gales, R. (Editors). Albatross Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 4: Parrots to Biology and Conservation. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Dollarbird. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Sydney. Higgins, P.J. and Davies, S.J.J.F. (Editors). (1996). Schodde, R. (1975). Interim List of Australian Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Songbirds. Passerines. Royal Australasian Antarctic Birds. Volume 3: Snipe to Pigeons. Ornithologists’ Union, Melbourne. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Schodde,updates. R. and Mason, I. J. (1997). Aves McAllan, I. A. W. and Bruce, M. D. (1989). The Birds (Columbidae to Coraciidae). In Houston, W.W.K. of New South Wales: A Working List. Biocon forand Wells, A. (Editors). Zoological Catalogue of Research Group, Sydney. Australia. Volume 37.2. CSIRO Publishing, Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (Editors). (1990). Melbourne. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Schodde, R. and Mason, I. J. (1999). The Directory of Antarctic Birds. Volume1: Ratites to Ducks. Oxford Australian Birds: Passerines. CSIRO Publishing, University Press, Melbourne. Melbourne. Marchant, S. and Higgins, P.J. (Editors). (1993). Sibley, C.G. and Ahlquist J.E. (1990). Phylogeny and Handbook of Australian, New ZealandEdition and Classification of Birds. A Study in Molecular Antarctic Birds. Volume 2: Raptors to Lapwings. Evolution. Yale University Press, New Haven. Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Sibley, C.G. and Monroe, B.L. (1990). Distribution 4th and Taxonomy of Birds of the World. Yale University Press, New Haven. See CLASS AVES - Birds
ORDER STRUTHIONIFORMES - Ostriches, cassowaries and emus
FAMILY CASUARIIDAE - Cassowaries and emus
1. Dromaius baudinianus Parker, 1984 Kangaroo Island Emu EX, EX 2. Dromaius novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) Emu Introduced to Kangaroo and Wedge Islands FAMILY STRUTHIONIDAE - Ostriches
3. *Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758 Ostrich R ORDER GALLIFORMES - Megapodes, pheasants, quails and allies
FAMILY MEGAPODIIDAE - Megapodes
4. *Alectura lathami J.E. Gray, 1831 Australian Brush-turkey 5. Leipoa ocellata Gould, 1840 Malleefowl VU, V updates. FAMILY PHASIANIDAE - Pheasants,for quails and allies 6. Coturnix chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) King Quail E 7. Coturnix pectoralis Gould, 1837 Stubble Quail 8. Coturnix ypsilophora Bosc, 1792 Brown Quail (Swamp Quail) V 9. *Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758 Indian Peafowl (Blue Peafowl) R ORDER ANSERIFORMESEdition – Swans, geese, ducks and allies FAMILY 4th ANSERANATIDAE - Magpie Goose
10. Anseranas semipalmata (Latham, 1798) Magpie Goose E Current population at Bool LagoonSee re-introduced from the Northern Territory. FAMILY ANATIDAE - Geese, swans and ducks
Subfamily Dendrocygninae - Whistling-Ducks
11. Dendrocygna eytoni (Eyton, 1838) Plumed Whistling-Duck
Subfamily Oxyurinae - Stiff-tailed Duck
12. Oxyura australis Gould, 1837 Blue-billed Duck R 13. Biziura lobata (Shaw, 1796) Musk Duck R
Subfamily Stictonettinae - Freckled Duck
14. Stictonetta naevosa (Gould, 1841) Freckled Duck V
40 Subfamily Anserinae - Swans and geese
15. Cereopsis novaehollandiae Latham, 1802 Cape Barren Goose R 16. Cygnus atratus (Latham, 1790) Black Swan
Subfamily Tadorninae - Shelducks
17. Tadorna radjah (Lesson, 1828) Radjah Shelduck (Burdekin Duck) O 18. Tadorna tadornoides (Jardine & Selby, 1828) Australian Shelduck (Mountain Duck)
Subfamily Anatinae - Ducks and geese
19. Anas castanea (Eyton, 1838) Chestnut Teal 20. Anas clypeata Linnaeus, 1758 Northern Shoveler O 21. Anas gracilis Buller, 1869 Grey Teal (Australasian Grey Teal) 22. *Anas platyrhynchos Linnaeus, 1758 Mallard Hybrids between Mallards and Pacific Black Ducks are found in the wild 23. Anas querquedula Linnaeus, 1758 Garganey O 24. Anas rhynchotis Latham, 1802 Australasian Shoveler (Blue-winged Shoveler) R 25. Anas superciliosa Gmelin, 1789 Pacific Black Duck (Black Duck) Hybrids between Pacific Black Ducks and Mallards are found in the wild 26. Aythya australis (Eyton, 1838) Hardhead (White-eyed Duck) 27. Chenonetta jubata (Latham, 1802) Australian Wood Duck (Maned Duck) 28. Malacorhynchus membranaceus (Latham, 1802) Pink-eared Duck ORDER PODICIPEDIFORMESupdates. - Grebes FAMILY PODICIPEDIDAEfor - Grebes
29. Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Great Crested Grebe R 30. Poliocephalus poliocephalus (Jardine & Selby, 1827) Hoary-headed Grebe 31. Tachybaptus novaehollandiae (Stephens, 1826) Australasian Grebe (Little Grebe) ORDER SPHENISCIFORMESEdition - Penguins
4thFAMILY SPHENISCIDAE - Penguins
32. Aptenodytes patagonicus J.F. Miller, 1778 King Penguin O 33. Eudyptes chrysocome (Forster, 1781) Rockhopper Penguin O 34. Eudyptes chrysolophusSee (Brandt, 1837) Macaroni Penguin (Royal Penguin) O 35. Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R. Gray, 1845 Fiordland Penguin O 36. Eudyptes robustus Oliver, 1953 Snares Penguin O 37. Eudyptes sclateri Buller, 1888 Erect-crested Penguin O 38. Eudyptula minor (Forster, 1781) Little Penguin (Fairy Penguin) ORDER PROCELLARIIFORMES - Tubenoses
FAMILY PROCELLARIIDAE - Shearwaters, petrels and diving-petrels
39. Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758) Cape Petrel 40. Fulmarus glacialoides (Smith, 1840) Southern Fulmar 41. Halobaena caerulea (Gmelin, 1789) Blue Petrel V 42. Lugensa brevirostris (Lesson, 1831) Kerguelen Petrel 43. Macronectes giganteus (Gmelin, 1789) Southern Giant-Petrel 44. Macronectes halli Mathews, 1912 Northern Giant-Petrel 45. Pachyptila belcheri (Mathews, 1912) Slender-billed Prion
41 46. Pachyptila desolata (Gmelin, 1789) Antarctic Prion (Dove Prion) 47. Pachyptila salvini (Mathews, 1912) Salvin’s Prion (Medium-billed Prion) 48. Pachyptila turtur (Kuhl, 1820) Fairy Prion 49. Pachyptila vittata (Forster, 1777) Broad-billed Prion R 50. Pagodroma nivea (Forster, 1777) Snow Petrel O 51. Pelecanoides georgicus Murphy & Harper, 1916 South Georgian Diving-Petrel O 52. Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gmelin, 1789) Common Diving-Petrel R 53. Procellaria aequinoctialis Linnaeus, 1758 White-chinned Petrel O 54. Procellaria cinerea Gmelin, 1789 Grey Petrel O 55. Pterodroma inexpectata (Forster, 1844) Mottled Petrel O 56. Pterodroma lessonii (Garnot, 1826) White-headed Petrel 57. Pterodroma leucoptera (Gould, 1844) Gould's Petrel O 58. Pterodroma macroptera (Smith, 1840) Great-winged Petrel 59. Pterodroma mollis (Gould, 1844) Soft-plumaged Petrel VU, O 60. Puffinus assimilis Gould, 1838 Little Shearwater O 61. Puffinus carneipes Gould, 1844 Fleshy-footed Shearwater R 62. Puffinus gavia (Forster, 1844) Fluttering Shearwater 63. Puffinus gravis (O’Reilly, 1818) Great Shearwater O 64. Puffinus griseus (Gmelin, 1789) Sooty Shearwater O 65. Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912 Hutton's Shearwater 66. Puffinus pacificus (Gmelin, 1789) Wedge-tailed Shearwater O 67. Puffinus puffinus (Brünnich, 1764) Manx Shearwater O 68. Puffinus tenuirostris (Temminck, 1835) Short-tailed Shearwater (Muttonbird) 69. Thalassoica antarctica (Gmelin, 1789) Antarctic Petrel O FAMILY DIOMEDEIDAE - Albatrossesupdates.
Molecular studies by Nunn et al. (1996) indicate that Diomedea (sensu Condon, 1975) is paraphyletic in that the southern “mollymawks” (bulleri, cauta, chlororhynchos, chrysostoma, melanophris)for are more closely related to Phoebetria than to other Diomedea. Alternative actions are 1) to split Diomedea into monophyletic genera (as Nunn et al. recommended), or 2) to return Phoebetria to Diomedea (as per Mathews, 1948). I have examined various characteristics previously used to separate or combine albatross species (bill plates, skull structure, nesting habits) and conclude that the species are relatively uniform and that all characteristics exhibit intermediate forms in one or other species. I therefore believe that the albatrosses are better regarded as subgeneric groupings within Diomedea.
Robertson and Nunn (1998) proposed that currently recognisedEdition subspecies of albatrosses would be better regarded as species (based on Nunn et al., 1996, unpublished data, biogeographical considerations, and a desire to raise threatened subspecies to species in order to improve their conservation status). Until further data are published that support their elevation, the current arrangement is followed here. Threatened subspecies,4th or any other discrete populations, should be regarded as significant as species for conservation purposes.
70. Diomedea bulleri Rothschild, 1893 Buller's Albatross VU, V, O 71. Diomedea cauta Gould, 1841See Shy Albatross VU, V 72. Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin, 1789 Yellow-nosed Albatross V 73. Diomedea chrysostoma Forster, 1785 Grey-headed Albatross VU, V 74. Diomedea epomophora Lesson, 1825 Royal Albatross VU, V,O includes Diomedea epomophora sanfordi Murphy, 1917 Northern Royal Albatross EN, E, O 75. Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758 Wandering Albatross VU, V 76. Diomedea fusca Hilsenberg, 1822 Sooty Albatross VU, V, O 77. Diomedea melanophris Temminck, 1828 Black-browed Albatross V 78. Diomedea palpebrata Forster, 1785 Light-mantled Sooty Albatross R
FAMILY HYDROBATIDAE - Storm-petrels
79. Fregetta tropica (Gould, 1844) Black-bellied Storm-Petrel O 80. Oceanites nereis (Gould, 1841) Grey-backed Storm-Petrel O Some authors place this species in a monotypic genus Garrodia, but the evidence for this generic split is equivocal. 81. Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) Wilson's Storm-Petrel 82. Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Vieillot, 1818) Leach’s Storm-Petrel O 83. Pelagodroma marina (Latham, 1790) White-faced Storm-Petrel
42 ORDER PELECANIFORMES - Tropicbirds, gannets, boobies, darters, cormorants, pelicans and frigatebirds
FAMILY PHAETHONTIDAE - Tropicbirds
84. Phaethon rubricauda Boddaert, 1783 Red-tailed Tropicbird O
FAMILY SULIDAE - Gannets and boobies
85. Morus serrator (G.R. Gray, 1843) Australasian Gannet
FAMILY ANHINGIDAE - Darters
86. Anhinga melanogaster Pennant, 1769 Darter
FAMILY PHALACROCORACIDAE - Cormorants
87. Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) Great Cormorant (Black Cormorant) 88. Phalacrocorax fuscescens (Vieillot, 1817) Black-faced Cormorant (Black-faced Shag) 89. Phalacrocorax melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) Little Pied Cormorant 90. Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (Brandt, 1837) Little Black Cormorantupdates. 91. Phalacrocorax varius (Gmelin, 1789) Pied Cormorant for FAMILY PELECANIDAE - Pelicans
92. Pelecanus conspicillatus Temminck, 1824 Australian Pelican ORDER CICONIIFORMESEdition - Herons, bitterns, ibises, spoonbills and storks
FAMILY4th ARDEIDAE - Herons and bitterns
93. Ardea alba Linnaeus, 1758 Great Egret (White Egret) 94. Ardea ibis Linnaeus, 1758 Cattle Egret 95. Ardea intermedia Wagler,See 1829 Intermediate Egret (Plumed Egret) R 96. Ardea pacifica Latham, 1802 White-necked Heron (Pacific Heron) 97. Ardea picata Gould, 1845 Pied Heron O 98. Botaurus poiciloptilus (Wagler, 1827) Australasian Bittern (Brown Bittern) V 99. Egretta garzetta (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Egret 100. Egretta novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) White-faced Heron 101. Egretta sacra (Gmelin, 1789) Eastern Reef Egret (Reef Heron) R 102. Ixobrychus minutus (Linnaeus, 1766) Little Bittern R 103. Nycticorax caledonicus (Gmelin, 1789) Nankeen Night Heron (Rufous Night Heron)
43 FAMILY THRESKIORNITHIDAE - Ibises and spoonbills
104. Platalea flavipes Gould, 1838 Yellow-billed Spoonbill 105. Platalea regia Gould, 1838 Royal Spoonbill 106. Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766) Glossy Ibis R 107. Threskiornis molucca (Cuvier, 1829) Australian White Ibis (Sacred Ibis) Combined by some authors with T. aethiopicus, but shown by Lowe and Richards (1991. Emu 91: 41) to be morphologically distinct. 108. Threskiornis spinicollis (Jameson, 1835) Straw-necked Ibis ORDER FALCONIFORMES - Osprey, hawks, eagles, falcons and allies
FAMILY ACCIPITRIDAE - Osprey, hawks, eagles and allies
Subfamily Pandioninae – Osprey
109. Pandion haliaetus (Linnaeus, 1758) Osprey R
Subfamily Accipitrinae - Hawks, eagles and allies
110. Accipiter cirrhocephalus (Vieillot, 1817) Collared Sparrowhawk 111. Accipiter fasciatus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Goshawk 112. Accipiter novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1788) Grey Goshawk (White Goshawk) R, O 113. Aquila audax (Latham, 1802) Wedge-tailed Eagle updates. 114. Circus approximans Peale, 1848 Swamp Harrier (Marsh Harrier) 115. Circus assimilis Jardine & Selby, 1828 Spotted Harrier 116. Elanus axillaris (Latham, 1802) Black-shouldered Kite for 117. Elanus scriptus Gould, 1842 Letter-winged Kite 118. Haliaeetus leucogaster (Gmelin, 1788) White-bellied Sea-Eagle V 119. Haliastur sphenurus (Vieillot, 1818) Whistling Kite 120. Hamirostra melanosternon (Gould, 1841) Black-breasted Buzzard R 121. Hieraaetus morphnoides (Gould, 1841) Little Eagle 122. Lophoictinia isura (Gould, 1838) Square-tailedEdition Kite V 123. Milvus migrans (Boddaert, 1783) Black Kite FAMILY4th FALCONIDAE - Falcons
124. Falco berigora Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Brown Falcon 125. Falco cenchroides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Nankeen Kestrel (Australian Kestrel) 126. Falco hypoleucos Gould, See1841 Grey Falcon R 127. Falco longipennis Swainson, 1837 Australian Hobby (Little Falcon) 128. Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 Peregrine Falcon R 129. Falco subniger G.R. Gray, 1843 Black Falcon ORDER GRUIFORMES - Cranes, rails, bustards and allies
FAMILY GRUIDAE - Cranes
130. Grus rubicunda (Perry, 1810) Brolga V
FAMILY RALLIDAE - Rails, crakes and allies
131. Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Coot 132. *Gallinula mortierii (Du Bus, 1840) Tasmanian Native-hen 133. Gallinula tenebrosa Gould, 1846 Dusky Moorhen 134. Gallinula ventralis Gould, 1837 Black-tailed Native-hen 135. Gallirallus philippensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Buff-banded Rail (Banded Landrail) 44 136. Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) Purple Swamphen 137. Porzana fluminea Gould, 1843 Australian Spotted Crake 138. Porzana pusilla (Pallas, 1776) Baillon's Crake (Marsh Crake) R 139. Porzana tabuensis (Gmelin, 1789) Spotless Crake 140. Rallus pectoralis Temminck, 1831 Lewin's Rail V
FAMILY OTIDIDAE - Bustards
141. Ardeotis australis (J.E. Gray, 1829) Australian Bustard V ORDER TURNICIFORMES - Button-quails
Relationships of the Turnicidae are equivocal; on morphological grounds it has been placed with various groups but principally with gruiforms or galliforms. DNA hybridisation studies indicate no clear relationship with any other group, although Sibley and Ahlquist (1990) argued a closer relationship with gruiforms. On the basis of skull structure (similar to Pedionomidae) the Turnicidae is placed here.
FAMILY TURNICIDAE - Button-quails
142. Turnix pyrrhothorax (Gould, 1841) Red-chested Button-quail R 143. Turnix varia (Latham, 1802) Painted Button-quail V 144. Turnix velox (Gould, 1841) Little Button-quail ORDER CHARADRIIFORMES - Plains-wanderer, sandpipers and allies, Painted Snipe, stone-curlews, oystercatchers,updates. stilts, plovers, dotterels, pratincoles, gullsfor and terns FAMILY PEDIONOMIDAE - Plains-wanderer
145. Pedionomus torquatus Gould, 1840 Plains-wanderer VU, V
FAMILY SCOLOPACIDAEEdition - Sandpipers and allies Subfamily Gallinagoninae - Snipe4th 146. Gallinago hardwickii (J.E. Gray, 1831) Latham's Snipe (Japanese Snipe) V Subfamily Tringinae - Godwits,See curlews, ‘shanks’ and allies 147. Actitis hypoleucos (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Sandpiper 148. Heteroscelus brevipes (Vieillot, 1816) Grey-tailed Tattler 149. Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758) Hudsonian Godwit O 150. Limosa lapponica (Linnaeus, 1758) Bar-tailed Godwit 151. Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Black-tailed Godwit 152. Numenius madagascariensis (Linnaeus, 1766) Eastern Curlew V 153. Numenius minutus Gould, 1841 Little Curlew (Little Whimbrel) R 154. Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Whimbrel 155. Tringa flavipes (Gmelin, 1789) Lesser Yellowlegs O 156. Tringa glareola Linnaeus, 1758 Wood Sandpiper 157. Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus, 1767) Common Greenshank 158. Tringa stagnatilis (Bechstein, 1803) Marsh Sandpiper 159. Tringa totanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Common Redshank O 160. Xenus cinereus (Güldenstädt, 1775) Terek Sandpiper
Subfamily Arenariinae - Turnstones
161. Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758) Ruddy Turnstone 45 Subfamily Calidrinae - Arctic sandpipers and allies
162. Calidris acuminata (Horsfield, 1821) Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 163. Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764) Sanderling 164. Calidris bairdii (Coues, 1861) Baird's Sandpiper O 165. Calidris canutus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red Knot 166. Calidris ferruginea (Pontoppidan, 1763) Curlew Sandpiper 167. Calidris fuscicollis (Vieillot, 1819) White-rumped Sandpiper O 168. Calidris melanotos (Vieillot, 1819) Pectoral Sandpiper 169. Calidris minuta (Leisler, 1812) Little Stint O Calidris paramelanotos Parker 1982 Cox’s Sandpiper – now shown to be hybrid C.ferruginea x C melanotos, Christidis et al. (1966). The Condor 98: 459. 170. Calidris ruficollis (Pallas, 1776) Red-necked Stint 171. Calidris subminuta (Middendorff, 1853) Long-toed Stint 172. Calidris tenuirostris (Horsfield, 1821) Great Knot 173. Limicola falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763) Broad-billed Sandpiper O 174. Philomachus pugnax (Linnaeus, 1758) Ruff 175. Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot, 1819) Buff-breasted Sandpiper O
Subfamily Phalaropodinae - Phalaropes
176. Phalaropus fulicaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey Phalarope O 177. Phalaropus lobatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red-necked Phalarope O FAMILY ROSTRATULIDAE - Paintedupdates. Snipe 178. Rostratula benghalensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Painted Snipe R for FAMILY BURHINIDAE - Stone-curlews
179. Burhinus grallarius (Latham, 1802) Bush Stone-curlew (Southern Stone-curlew, Bush Thick-knee) V FAMILY HAEMATOPODIDAEEdition - Oystercatchers 180. Haematopus fuliginosus Gould, 1845 Sooty Oystercatcher 181. Haematopus longirostris Vieillot, 18174th Pied Oystercatcher FAMILY RECURVIROSTRIDAE - Avocets and stilts
182. Cladorhynchus leucocephalusSee (Vieillot, 1816) Banded Stilt 183. Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Black-winged Stilt (White-headed Stilt) 184. Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Vieillot, 1816 Red-necked Avocet
FAMILY CHARADRIIDAE - Plovers and dotterels
185. Charadrius australis (Gould, 1841) Inland Dotterel 186. Charadrius bicinctus Jardine & Selby, 1827 Double-banded Plover (Double-banded Dotterel) 187. Charadrius dubius Scopoli, 1786 Little Ringed Plover O 188. Charadrius hiaticula Linnaeus, 1758 Ringed Plover O 189. Charadrius leschenaultii Lesson, 1826 Greater Sand Plover (Large Sand Plover) 190. Charadrius mongolus Pallas, 1776 Lesser Sand Plover (Mongolian Dotterel) 191. Charadrius ruficapillus Temminck, 1822 Red-capped Plover (Red-capped Dotterel) 192. Charadrius veredus Gould, 1848 Oriental Plover (Oriental Dotterel) 193. Elseyornis melanops (Vieillot, 1818) Black-fronted Dotterel (Black-fronted Plover) 194. Erythrogonys cinctus Gould, 1838 Red-kneed Dotterel 195. Pluvialis fulva (Gmelin, 1789) Pacific Golden Plover (Lesser Golden Plover) 196. Pluvialis squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) Grey Plover 46 197. Thinornis rubricollis (Gmelin, 1789) Hooded Plover (Hooded Dotterel) VU, V 198. Vanellus miles (Boddaert, 1783) Masked Lapwing (Spur-winged Plover) 199. Vanellus tricolor (Vieillot, 1818) Banded Lapwing (Banded Plover)
FAMILY GLAREOLIDAE - Pratincoles and coursers
200. Glareola maldivarum Forster, 1795 Oriental Pratincole O 201. Stiltia isabella (Vieillot, 1816) Australian Pratincole
FAMILY LARIDAE Gulls, skuas and allies
SUBFAMILY STERCORARIINAE - Skuas and jaegers
202. Catharacta skua Brünnich, 1764 Great Skua (Brown Skua, Subantarctic Skua) The taxonomic status of populations of Catharacta is unresolved (Higgins and Davies, 1996). This treatment follows Christidis and Boles (1994) and includes antarctica and the population occurring in Australia, lonnbergi, as subspecies of C. skua. Other authors separate the northern hemisphere skua, leaving southern populations as subspecies of C. antarctica, including C. a. lonnbergi. Yet others consider the populations as allospecies. 203. Catharacta maccormicki (Saunders, 1893) South Polar Skua O 204. Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot, 1819 Long-tailed Jaeger (Long-tailed Skua) O 205. Stercorarius parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Arctic Jaeger (Arctic Skua) 206. Stercorarius pomarinus (Temminck, 1815) Pomarine Jaeger (Pomerine Skua)
Subfamily Larinae - Gulls
207. Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 Kelp Gull (Dominican Gull)updates. 208. Larus novaehollandiae Stephens, 1826 Silver Gull 209. Larus pacificus Latham, 1802 Pacific Gull 210. Larus pipixcan Wagler, 1831 Franklin’s Gull O for 211. Larus sabini Sabine, 1819 Sabine’s Gull O
Subfamily Sterninae - Terns and noddies
212. Chlidonias hybridus (Pallas, 1811) Whiskered Tern (Marsh Tern) 213. Chlidonias leucopterus (Temminck, 1815)Edition White-winged Black Tern 214. Sterna albifrons Pallas, 1764 Little Tern EN, V 215. Sterna anaethetus Scopoli, 1786 Bridled Tern O 216. Sterna bergii Lichtenstein, 18234th Crested Tern 217. Sterna caspia Pallas, 1770 Caspian Tern 218. Sterna fuscata Linnaeus, 1766 Sooty Tern O 219. Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 Common Tern R 220. Sterna nereis (Gould,See 1843) Fairy Tern V 221. Sterna nilotica Gmelin, 1789 Gull-billed Tern 222. Sterna paradisaea Pontoppidan, 1763 Arctic Tern O 223. Sterna striata Gmelin, 1789 White-fronted Tern 224. Sterna vittata Gmelin, 1789 Antarctic Tern E, E O Australian subspecies S. v. bethunei Buller, 1896 considered E
47 ORDER COLUMBIFORMES - Pigeons and doves
FAMILY COLUMBIDAE - Pigeons and doves
225. *Columba livia Gmelin,1789 Rock Dove (Feral Pigeon) 226. Geopelia cuneata (Latham, 1802) Diamond Dove 227. Geopelia placida Gould, 1844 Peaceful Dove This species is considered by some authors as a subspecies of the SE Asian G. striata; this list follows Schodde and Mason (1997) in maintaining it as a separate species. 228. Geophaps plumifera Gould, 1842 Spinifex Pigeon (Plumed Pigeon) R 229. Ocyphaps lophotes (Temminck, 1822) Crested Pigeon 230. Phaps chalcoptera (Latham, 1790) Common Bronzewing 231. Phaps elegans (Temminck, 1809) Brush Bronzewing 232. Phaps histrionica (Gould, 1841) Flock Bronzewing (Flock Pigeon) V 233. *Streptopelia chinensis (Scopoli, 1786) Spotted Turtle-Dove 234. *Streptopelia 'risoria' (Linnaeus, 1758) Ringed Turtle-Dove (Barbary Dove) This is a domesticated form of S.roseogrisea (Sundevall, 1857) African Collared-Dove; there is a localised population in metropolitan Adelaide. ORDER PSITTACIFORMES - Cockatoos and parrots
FAMILY CACATUIDAE - Cockatoos and Cockatiel
235. Cacatua galerita (Latham, 1790) Sulphur-crested Cockatoo updates. 236. Cacatua leadbeateri (Vigors, 1831) Major Mitchell's Cockatoo (Pink Cockatoo) V 237. Cacatua roseicapilla Vieillot, 1817 Galah 238. Cacatua sanguinea Gould, 1843 Little Corella for 239. Cacatua tenuirostris (Kuhl, 1820) Long-billed Corella 240. Callocephalon fimbriatum (Grant, 1803) Gang-gang Cockatoo R Kangaroo Island population introduced in 1940 and 1956. 241. Calyptorhynchus banksii (Latham,1790) Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo includes Calyptorhynchus banksii graptogyne Schodde, Saunders & Homberger, 1989 (from the South-East) EN, E and Calyptorhynchus banksii samueli Mathews, 1917 (from the far north) R 242. Calyptorhynchus funereus (Shaw, 1794) Yellow-tailedEdition Black-Cockatoo V The Eyre Peninsula population of this species is considered E 243. Calyptorhynchus lathami (Temminck, 1807) Glossy Black-Cockatoo E Calyptorhynchus lathami halmaturinus Mathews,4th 1912 from Kangaroo Island is the only South Australian subspecies and is EN, E 244. Nymphicus hollandicus (Kerr, 1792) Cockatiel
SeeFAMILY PSITTACIDAE - Parrots
245. Aprosmictus erythropterus (Gmelin, 1788) Red-winged Parrot R 246. Barnardius zonarius (Shaw, 1805) Australian Ringneck (Ring-necked Parrot) 247. Glossopsitta concinna (Shaw, 1791) Musk Lorikeet 248. Glossopsitta porphyrocephala (Dietrichsen, 1837) Purple-crowned Lorikeet 249. Glossopsitta pusilla (Shaw, 1790) Little Lorikeet V 250. Lathamus discolor (Shaw, 1790) Swift Parrot V 251. Melopsittacus undulatus (Shaw, 1805) Budgerigar 252. Neophema chrysogaster (Latham, 1790) Orange-bellied Parrot EN, E 253. Neophema chrysostoma (Kuhl, 1820) Blue-winged Parrot V 254. Neophema elegans (Gould, 1837) Elegant Parrot 255. Neophema petrophila (Gould, 1841) Rock Parrot R 256. Neophema pulchella (Shaw, 1792) Turquoise Parrot O 257. Neophema splendida (Gould, 1841) Scarlet-chested Parrot R 258. Neopsephotus bourkii (Gould, 1841) Bourke's Parrot 259. Northiella haematogaster (Gould, 1838) Blue Bonnet includes Northiella haematogaster narethae (H.L. White, 1921) V 260. Pezoporus occidentalis (Gould, 1861) Night Parrot EN, E 48 261. Pezoporus wallicus (Kerr, 1792) Ground Parrot (Swamp Parrot) E May still occur in lower SE; EX in Mt Lofty Ranges-Adelaide Plains region. 262. Platycercus elegans (Gmelin, 1788) Crimson Rosella (includes Adelaide Rosella and Yellow Rosella) 263. Platycercus eximius (Shaw, 1792) Eastern Rosella 264. Polytelis alexandrae Gould, 1863 Princess Parrot VU, R 265. Polytelis anthopeplus (Lear, 1831) Regent Parrot V 266. Psephotus haematonotus (Gould, 1838) Red-rumped Parrot 267. Psephotus varius Clark, 1910 Mulga Parrot 268. Trichoglossus haematodus (Linnaeus, 1771) Rainbow Lorikeet ORDER CUCULIFORMES - Cuckoos
FAMILY CUCULIDAE - Cuckoos
269. Cacomantis flabelliformis (Latham, 1802) Fan-tailed Cuckoo 270. Cacomantis variolosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brush Cuckoo O 271. Chrysococcyx basalis (Horsfield, 1821) Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo Relationships among species of Chrysococcyx sensu lato are unresolved and some authors separate Australian species as Chalcites (e.g. Schodde and Mason, 1997). Pending further evidence, Christidis and Boles (1994) are followed here. 272. Chrysococcyx lucidus (Gmelin, 1788) Shining Bronze-Cuckoo R 273. Chrysococcyx osculans (Gould, 1847) Black-eared Cuckoo 274. Cuculus pallidus (Latham, 1802) Pallid Cuckoo 275. Cuculus saturatus Hodgson, 1843 Oriental Cuckoo O 276. Scythrops novaehollandiae Latham, 1790 Channel-billed Cuckoo O updates. ORDER STRIGIFORMES - Owls for FAMILY STRIGIDAE - Typical owls
277. Ninox connivens (Latham, 1802) Barking Owl R 278. Ninox novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, 1788) Southern Boobook (Boobook Owl) Relationships between populations of N. novaeseelandiae remain equivocal, and some authors separate Australian populations as N. boobook (e.g. Schodde and Mason, 1997). 279. Ninox strenua (Gould, 1838) PowerfulEdition Owl O 4thFAMILY TYTONIDAE - Barn Owls 280. Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769) Barn Owl 281. Tyto capensis (A. Smith, 1834) Grass Owl R 282. Tyto novaehollandiaeSee (Stephens, 1826) Masked Owl E ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES - Frogmouths, nightjars and owlet- nightjars
FAMILY PODARGIDAE - Frogmouths
283. Podargus strigoides (Latham, 1802) Tawny Frogmouth
FAMILY CAPRIMULGIDAE - Nightjars
284. Eurostopodus argus (Hartert, 1892) Spotted Nightjar
FAMILY AEGOTHELIDAE - Owlet-nightjars
285. Aegotheles cristatus (Shaw, 1790) Australian Owlet-nightjar
49 ORDER APODIFORMES - Swifts
FAMILY - APODIDAE Swifts
286. Apus affinis (J.E. Gray, 1830) House Swift O 287. Apus pacificus (Latham, 1802) Fork-tailed Swift 288. Hirundapus caudacutus (Latham, 1802) White-throated Needletail (Spine-tailed Swift) ORDER CORACIIFORMES - Kingfishers, bee-eaters and rollers
FAMILY ALCEDINIDAE - Kingfishers
Schodde and Mason (1997) are followed here in retaining the wood (tree) kingfishers within Alcedinidae.
Subfamily Alecedininae - River kingfishers
289. Alcedo azurea Latham, 1802 Azure Kingfisher E (in South-East), EX (in Mt Lofty Ranges-Adelaide Plains)
Subfamily Halcyoninae - Wood kingfishers
290. Dacelo novaeguineae (Hermann, 1783) Laughing Kookaburra 291. Todiramphus pyrrhopygia (Gould, 1840) Red-backed Kingfisher updates. 292. Todiramphus sanctus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Sacred Kingfisher for FAMILY MEROPIDAE - Bee-eaters
293. Merops ornatus Latham, 1802 Rainbow Bee-eater (Rainbow Bird) FAMILY CORACIIDAEEdition - Rollers 294. Eurystomus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1766)4th Dollarbird O
See
50 1. Kangaroo Island Emu 5. Malleefowl 9. *Indian Peafowl Dromaius baudinianus Leipoa ocellata *Pavo cristatus
2. Emu 6. King Quail 10. Magpie Goose Dromaius novaehollandiae Coturnix chinensis Anseranas semipalmata
3. *Ostrich 7. Stubble Quail 11. Plumed Whistling-Duck *Struthio camelus Coturnix pectoralis Dendrocygna eytoni
4. *Brush Turkey 8.Brown Quail 12. Blue-billed Duck *Alectura lathami Coturnix ypsilophora Oxyura australis
51 13. Musk Duck 17. Radjah Shelduck 21. Grey Teal Biziura lobata Tadorna rajah Anas gracilis
%
%
%
14. Freckled Duck 18. Australian Shelduck 22. *Mallard Stictonetta naevosa Tadorna tadornoides *Anas platyrhynchos
15. Cape Barren Goose 19. Chestnut Teal 23. Garganey Cereopsis novaehollandiae Anas castanea Anas querquedula
%
16. Black Swan 20. Northern Shoveler 24. Australasian Shoveler Cygnus atratus Anas clypeata Anas rhynchotis
52 25. Pacific Black Duck 29. Great Crested Grebe 33. Rockhopper Penguin Anas superciliosa Podiceps cristatus Eudyptes chrysocome
26. Hardhead 30. Hoary-headed Grebe 34. Macaroni Penguin Aythya australis Poliocephalus poliocephalus Eudyptes chrysolophus
27. AustralainWood Duck 31. Australasian Grebe 35. Fiordland Penguin Chenonetta jubata Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Eudyptes pachyrhynchus
28. Pink-eared Duck 32. King Penguin 36. Snares Penguin Malacorhynchus membranaceus Aptenodytes patagonicus Eudyptes robustus
53 37. Erect-crested Penguin 41. Blue Petrel 45. Slender-billed Prion Eudyptes sclateri Halobaena caerulea Pachyptila belcheri
%
38. Little Penguin 42. Kerguelen Petrel 46. Antarctic Prion Eudyptula minor Lugensa brevirostris Pachyptila desolata
39. Cape Petrel 43. Southern Giant-Petrel 47. Salvin’s Prion Daption capense Macronectes giganteus Pachyptila salvini
40. Southern Fulmar 44. Northern Giant-Petrel 48. Fairy Prion Fulmarus glacialoides Macronectes halli Pachyptila turtur
%
% %
%
54 49. Broad-billed Prion 53. White-chinned Petrel 57. Gould’s Petrel Pachyptila vittata Procellaria aequinoctialis Pterodroma leucoptera
50. Snow Petrel 54. Grey Petrel 58. Great-winged Petrel Pagodroma nivea Procellaria cinerea Pterodroma macroptera
%
51 South Georgian Diving- 55. Mottled Petrel 59. Soft-plumaged Petrel Petrel Pterodroma inexpectata Pterodroma mollis Pelecanoides georgicus
56. White-headed Petrel 60. Little Shearwater 52. Common Diving-Petrel Pterodroma lessonii Puffinis assimilis Pelecanoides urinatrix
55 61. Fleshy-footed Shearwater 65. Hutton's Shearwater 69. Antarctic Petrel Puffinus carneipes Puffinus huttoni Thalassoica antarctica
62. Fluttering Shearwater 66. Wedge-tailed Shearwater 70. Buller's Albatross Puffinus gavia Puffinus pacificus Diomedea bulleri
%
63. Great Shearwater 67. Manx Shearwater 71. Shy Albatross Puffinus gravis Puffinus puffinus Diomedea cauta
%
%%
64. Sooty Shearwater 68. Short-tailed Shearwater 72. Yellow-nosed Albatross Puffinus griseus Puffinus tenuirostris Diomedea chlororhynchos
56 73. Grey-headed Albatross 77. Black-browed Albatross 81. Wilson's Storm-Petrel Diomedea chrysostoma Diomedea melanophris Oceanites oceanicus
74. Royal Albatross 78. Light-mantled Sooty 82. Leach’s Storm-Petrel Diomedea epomophora Albatross Oceanodroma leucorhoa Diomedea palpebrata
%
75. Wandering Albatross 83. White-faced Storm-Petrel Diomedea exulans 79. Black-bellied Storm-Petrel Pelagodroma marina Fregetta tropica
76. Sooty Albatross 84. Red-tailed Tropicbird Diomedea fusca 80. Grey-backed Storm-Petrel Phaethon rubricauda Oceanites nereis
57 85. Australasian Gannet 89. Little Pied Cormorant 93. Great Egret Morus serrator Phalacrocorax melanoleucos Ardea alba
86. Darter 90. Little Black Cormorant 94. Cattle Egret Anhinga melanogaster Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Ardea ibis
87. Great Cormorant 91. Pied Cormorant 95. Intermediate Egret Phalacrocorax carbo Phalacrocorax varius Ardea intermedia
88. Black-faced Cormorant 92. Australian Pelican 96. White-necked Heron Phalacrocorax fuscescens Pelecanus conspicillatus Ardea pacifica
58 97. Pied Heron 101. Eastern Reef Egret 105. Royal Spoonbill Ardea picata Egretta sacra Platalea regia
%
98. Australasian Bittern 102. Little Bittern 106. Glossy Ibis Botaurus poiciloptilus Ixobrychus minutus Plegadis falcinellus
99. Little Egret 103. Nankeen Night Heron 107. Australian White Ibis Egretta garzetta Nycticorax caledonicus Threskiornis molucca
100. White-faced Heron 104. Yellow-billed Spoonbill 108. Straw-necked Ibis Egretta novaehollandiae Platalea flavipes Threskiornis spinicollis
59 109. Osprey 113. Wedge-tailed Eagle 117. Letter-winged Kite Pandion haliaetus Aquila audax Elanus scriptus
110. Collared Sparrowhawk 114. Swamp Harrier 118. White-bellied Sea-Eagle Accipiter cirrhocephalus Circus approximans Haliaeetus leucogaster
111. Brown Goshawk 115. Spotted Harrier 119. Whistling Kite Accipiter fasciatus Circus assimilis Haliastur sphenurus
112. Grey Goshawk 116. Black-shouldered Kite 120. Black-breasted Buzzard Accipiter novaehollandiae Elanus axillaris Hamirostra melanosternon
60 121. Little Eagle 125. Nankeen Kestrel 129. Black Falcon Hieraaetus morphnoides Falco cenchroides Falco subniger
122. Square-tailed Kite 126. Grey Falcon 130. Brolga Lophoictinia isura Falco hypoleucos Grus rubicunda
123. Black Kite 127. Australian Hobby 131. Eurasian Coot Milvus migrans Falco longipennis Fulica atra
124. Brown Falcon 128. Peregrine Falcon 132. *Tasmanian Native-hen Falco berigora Falco peregrinus *Gallinula mortieri
%
61 133. Dusky Moorhen 137. Australian Spotted Crake 141. Australian Bustard Gallinula tenebrosa Porzana fluminea Ardeotis australis
134. Black-tailed Native-hen 138. Baillon's Crake 142. Red-chested Button-quail Gallinula ventralis Porzana pusilla Turnix pyrrhothorax
135. Buff-banded Rail 139. Spotless Crake 143. Painted Button-quail Gallirallus philippensis Porzana tabuensis Turnix varia
136. Purple Swamphen 140. Lewin's Rail 144. Little Button-quail Porphyrio porphyrio Rallus pectoralis Turnix velox
62 145. Plains-wanderer 149. Hudsonian Godwit 153. Little Curlew Pedionomus torquatus Limosa haemastica Numenius minutus
%
146. Latham's Snipe 150. Bar-tailed Godwit 154. Whimbrel Gallinago hardwickii Limosa lapponica Numenius phaeopus
147. Common Sandpiper 151. Black-tailed Godwit 155. Lesser Yellowlegs Actitis hypoleucos Limosa limosa Tringa flavipes
%
148. Grey-tailed Tattler 152. Eastern Curlew 156. Wood Sandpiper Heteroscelus brevipes Numenius madagascariensis Tringa glareola
63 157. Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia 161. Ruddy Turnstone 165. Red Knot Arenaria interpres Calidris canutus
158. Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis 162. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 166. Curlew Sandpiper Calidris acuminata Calidris ferruginea
159. Common Redshank Tringa totanus 163. Sanderling 167. White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris alba Calidris fuscicollis
%
%
%
160. Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus 164. Bairds Sandpiper 168. Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Calidris melanotos
%
64 169. Little Stint 173. Broad-billed Sandpiper 177. Red-necked Phalarope Calidris minuta Limicola falcinellus Phalaropus lobatus
170. Red-necked Stint 174. Ruff 178. Painted Snipe Calidris ruficollis Philomachus pugnax Rostratula benghalensis
171. Long-toed Stint 175. Buff-breasted Sandpiper 179. Bush Stone-curlew Calidris subminuta Tryngites subruficollis Burhinus grallarius
%
172. Great Knot 176. Grey Phalarope 180. Sooty Oystercatcher Calidris tenuirostris Phalaropus fulicaria Haematopus fuliginosus
65 181. Pied Oystercatcher 185. Inland Dotterel 189. Greater Sand Plover Haematopus longirostris Charadrius australis Charadrius leschenaultii
182. Banded Stilt 186. Double-banded Plover 190. Lesser Sand Plover Cladorhynchus leucocephalus Charadrius bicinctus Charadrius mongolus
183. Black-winged Stilt 191. Red-capped Plover Himantopus himantopus 187. Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius Charadrius ruficapillus
184. Red-necked Avocet 188. Ringed Plover 192. Oriental Plover Recurvirostra novaehollandiae Charadrius hiaticula Charadrius veredus
%
66 193. Black-fronted Dotterel 197. Hooded Plover 201. Australian Pratincole Elseyornis melanops Thinornis rubricollis Stiltia isabella
194. Red-kneed Dotterel 198. Masked Lapwing 202. Great Skua Erythrogonys cinctus Vanellus miles Catharacta skua
195. Pacific Golden Plover 199. Banded Lapwing 203. South Polar Skua Pluvialis fulva Vanellus tricolor Catharacta maccormicki
%
196. Grey Plover 200. Oriental Pratincole 204. Long-tailed Jaeger Pluvialis squatarola Glareola maldivarum Stercorarius longicaudus
%
%
67 205. Arctic Jaeger 209. Pacific Gull 213. White-winged Black Tern Stercorarius parasiticus Larus pacificus Chlidonias leucopterus
206. Pomarine Jaeger 210. Franklin’s Gull 214. Little Tern Stercorarius pomarinus Larus pipixcan Sterna albifrons
%
211. Sabine’s Gull 207. Kelp Gull 215. Bridled Tern Larus sabini Larus dominicanus Sterna anaethetus
% 208. Silver Gull 212. Whiskered Tern 216. Crested Tern Larus novaehollandiae Chlidonias hybridus Sterna bergii
68 217. Caspian Tern 221. Gull-billed Tern 225. *Rock Dove Sterna caspia Sterna nilotica *Columba livia
218. Sooty Tern 222. Arctic Tern 226. Diamond Dove Sterna fuscata Sterna paradisaea Geopelia cuneata
219. Common Tern 223. White-fronted Tern 227. Peaceful Dove Sterna hirundo Sterna striata Geopelia placida
220. Fairy Tern 224. Antarctic Tern 228. Spinifex Pigeon Sterna nereis Sterna vittata Geophaps plumifera
69 229. Crested Pigeon 233. *Spotted Turtle-Dove 237. Galah Ocyphaps lophotes *Streptopelia chinensis Cacatua roseicapilla
230. Common Bronzewing 234. *Ringed Turtle-Dove 238. Little Corella Phaps chalcoptera *Streptopelia ‘risoria’ Cacatua sanguinea
231. Brush Bronzewing 235. Sulphur-crested Cockatoo 239. Long-billed Corella Phaps elegans Cacatua galerita Cacatua tenuirostris
236. Major Mitchell’s Cockatoo 240. Gang-gang Cockatoo 232. Flock Bronzewing Cacatua leadbeateri Callocephalon fimbriatum Phaps histrionica
70 241. Red-tailed Black-Cockatoo 245. Red-winged Parrot 249. Little Lorikeet Calyptorhynchus banksii Aprosmictus erythropterus Glossopsitta pusilla
242. Yellow-tailed Black- 246. Australian Ringneck 250. Swift Parrot Cockatoo Barnardius zonarius Lathamus discolor Calyptorhynchus funereus
247. Musk Lorikeet 251. Budgerigar 243. Glossy Black-Cockatoo Glossopsitta concinna Melopsittacus undulatus Calyptorhynchus lathami
248. Purple-crowned Lorikeet 252. Orange-bellied Parrot 244. Cockatiel Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Neophema chrysogaster Nymphicus hollandicus
71 253. Blue-winged Parrot 257. Scarlet-chested Parrot 261. Ground Parrot Neophema chrysostoma Neophema splendida Pezoporus wallicus
254. Elegant Parrot 258. Bourke's Parrot 262. Crimson Rosella (includes Neophema elegans Neopsephotus bourkii Adelaide and Yellow Rosellas) Platycercus elegans
255. Rock Parrot 259. Bluebonnet Neophema petrophila 263. Eastern Rosella Northiella haematogaster Platycercus eximius
256. Turquoise Parrot 260. Night Parrot 264. Princess Parrot Neophema pulchella Pezoporus occidentalis Polytelis alexandrae
%
72 265. Regent Parrot 269. Fan-tailed Cuckoo 273. Black-eared Cuckoo Polytelis anthopeplus Cacomantis flabelliformis Chrysococcyx osculans
266. Red-rumped Parrot 270. Brush Cuckoo 274. Pallid Cuckoo Psephotus haematonotus Cacomantis variolosus Cuculus pallidus
%
267. Mulga Parrot 271. Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo Psephotus varius 275. Oriental Cuckoo Chrysococcyx basalis Cuculus saturatus
%
268. Rainbow Lorikeet 272. Shining Bronze-Cuckoo 276. Channel-billed Cuckoo Trichoglossus haematodus Chrysococcyx lucidus Scythrops novaehollandiae
%
%
73 277. Barking Owl 281. Grass Owl 285. Australian Owlet-nightjar Ninox connivens Tyto capensis Aegotheles cristatus
278. Southern Boobook 282. Masked Owl 286. House Swift Ninox novaeseelandiae Tyto novaehollandiae Apus affinus
%
279. Powerful Owl 283. Tawny Frogmouth 287. Fork-tailed Swift Ninox strenua Podargus strigoides Apus pacificus
% 284. Spotted Nightjar 288. White-throated Needletail 280. Barn Owl Eurostopodus argus Hirundapus caudacutus Tyto alba
74 289. Azure Kingfisher 293. Rainbow Bee-eater Alcedo azurea Merops ornatus
290. Laughing Kookaburra 294. Dollarbird Dacelo novaeguineae Eurystomus orientalis
291. Red-backed Kingfisher Todiramphus pyrrhopygia
292. Sacred Kingfisher Todiramphus sanctus
75 76 ORDER PASSERIFORMES - Songbirds
FAMILY CLIMACTERIDAE - Australopapuan treecreepers
295. Climacteris affinis Blyth, 1864 White-browed Treecreeper R 296. Climacteris picumnus Temminck, 1824 Brown Treecreeper 297. Climacteris rufa Gould, 1841 Rufous Treecreeper 298. Cormobates leucophaeus (Latham, 1802) White-throated Treecreeper
FAMILY MALURIDAE - Fairy-wrens, emu-wrens and grasswrens
Subfamily Malurinae - Fairy-wrens (blue wrens) and emu-wrens
299. Malurus cyaneus (Ellis, 1782) Superb Fairy-wren (Superb Blue Wren) 300. Malurus lamberti Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Variegated Fairy-wren (Variegated Wren) 301. Malurus leucopterus Dumont, 1824 White-winged Fairy-wren (White-winged Wren) 302. Malurus pulcherrimus Gould, 1844 Blue-breasted Fairy-wren (Blue-breasted Wren) V 303. Malurus splendens (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Splendid Fairy-wren (Splendid Wren) 304. Stipiturus malachurus (Shaw, 1798) Southern Emu-wren R Includes Stipiturus malachurus malachurus (Shaw, 1798) South-east population R, S. m. halmaturinus Parsons, 1920 Kangaroo Island population R, S. m. intermedius (Ashby, 1920) Mount Lofty Ranges population EN, E, and S. m. parimeda Schodde & Weatherly, 1981 southern Eyre Peninsula population VU, E 305. Stipiturus mallee A.J. Campbell, 1908 Mallee Emu-wren VU, Vupdates. 306. Stipiturus ruficeps A.J. Campbell, 1899 Rufous-crowned Emu-wren R
Subfamily Amytornithinae - Grasswrens for
307. Amytornis barbatus Favaloro & McEvey, 1968 Grey Grasswren R 308. Amytornis goyderi (Gould, 1875) Eyrean Grasswren 309. Amytornis merrotsyi Mellor, 1913 Short-tailed Grasswren R Formerly considered as a subspecies of Amytornis striatus. Molecular work by Christidis (1999. Aust. J. Zool. 47: 113) combined with morphological features indicates that it is Editiona separate species. 310. Amytornis purnelli (Mathews, 1914) Dusky Grasswren 311. Amytornis striatus (Gould, 1840) Striated Grasswren V 312. Amytornis textilis (Dumont, 1824) Thick-billed Grasswren V Includes Amytornis textilis textilis (Dumont,4th 1824) western population E, A. t. modestus (North, 1902) eastern population R and A. t. myall (Matthews, 1916) Gawler Ranges population VU, E
See FAMILY PARDALOTIDAE - Pardalotes
The pardalotes are separated from the acanthizids for reasons detailed in Schodde and Mason (1999).
313. Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw, 1792) Spotted Pardalote includes Pardalotus punctatus xanthopyge McCoy, 1866 Yellow-rumped Pardalote (following Christidis and Boles, 1994, and Schodde and Mason, 1999) 314. Pardalotus rubricatus Gould, 1838 Red-browed Pardalote 315. Pardalotus striatus (Gmelin, 1789) Striated Pardalote
77 FAMILY ACANTHIZIDAE - Bristlebirds, thornbills, scrubwrens and allies
Subfamily Dasyornithinae - Bristlebirds
316. Dasyornis broadbenti (McCoy, 1867) Rufous Bristlebird V
Subfamily Acanthiztnae - Thornbills, scrubwrens and allies
317. Acanthiza apicalis Gould, 1847 Inland Thornbill 318. Acanthiza chrysorrhoa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) Yellow-rumped Thornbill 319. Acanthiza iredalei Mathews, 1911 Slender-billed Thornbill (Samphire Thornbill) V 320. Acanthiza lineata Gould, 1838 Striated Thornbill 321. Acanthiza nana Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Yellow Thornbill (Little Thornbill) 322. Acanthiza pusilla (Shaw, 1790) Brown Thornbill 323. Acanthiza reguloides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Buff-rumped Thornbill 324. Acanthiza robustirostris Milligan, 1903 Slaty-backed Thornbill R 325. Acanthiza uropygialis Gould, 1838 Chestnut-rumped Thornbill 326. Aphelocephala leucopsis (Gould, 1841) Southern Whiteface 327. Aphelocephala nigricincta (North, 1895) Banded Whiteface 328. Aphelocephala pectoralis (Gould, 1871) Chestnut-breasted Whiteface R 329. Calamanthus campestris (Gould, 1841) Rufous Fieldwren (Western Fieldwren) Includes Calamanthus campestris campestris (Gould, 1841) EX in Mt Lofty Ranges, uncommon elsewhere. 330. Calamanthus cautus (Gould, 1843) Shy Heathwren (Shy Hylacola) Schodde and Mason (1999) combined the very similar Hylacola and Calamanthus and are followed here. 331. Calamanthus fuliginosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Striated Fieldwren (Eastern Fieldwren) 332. Calamanthus pyrrhopygius (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Chestnut-rumpedupdates. Heathwren (Chestnut-rumped Hylacola) V 333. Gerygone fusca (Gould, 1838) Western Gerygone (Western Warbler) R 334. Gerygone olivacea (Gould, 1838) White-throated Gerygone (White-throatedfor Warbler) R 335. Pyrrholaemus brunneus Gould, 1841 Redthroat R 336. Sericornis frontalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) White-browed Scrubwren Includes the spotted scrubwrens of Kangaroo Island, the gulf region and further west. 337. Smicrornis brevirostris (Gould, 1838) Weebill
FAMILY MELIPHAGIDAEEdition - Honeyeaters and Australian chats
338. Acanthagenys rufogularis Gould, 1838 Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater 339. Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris (Latham,4th 1802) Eastern Spinebill 340. Anthochaera carunculata (Shaw, 1790) Red Wattlebird 341. Anthochaera chrysoptera (Latham, 1802) Little Wattlebird 342. Certhionyx niger (Gould, 1838) Black Honeyeater Relationships of this species withSee the Pied and Banded Honeyeaters are uncertain, and it may be more appropriately separated as Sugomel niger or separated with the Banded Honeyeater in Cissomela. 343. Certhionyx variegatus Lesson, 1830 Pied Honeyeater 344. Conopophila whitei (North, 1910) Grey Honeyeater R 345. Entomyzon cyanotis (Latham, 1802) Blue-faced Honeyeater R 346. Gliciphila melanops (Latham, 1802) Tawny-crowned Honeyeater 347. Grantiella picta (Gould, 1838) Painted Honeyeater 348. Lichenostomus chrysops (Latham, 1802) Yellow-faced Honeyeater 349. Lichenostomus cratitius (Gould, 1841) Purple-gaped Honeyeater 350. Lichenostomus fuscus (Gould, 1837) Fuscous Honeyeater 351. Lichenostomus keartlandi (North, 1895) Grey-headed Honeyeater R 352. Lichenostomus leucotis (Latham, 1802) White-eared Honeyeater 353. Lichenostomus melanops (Latham, 1802) Yellow-tufted Honeyeater 354. Lichenostomus ornatus (Gould, 1838) Yellow-plumed Honeyeater 355. Lichenostomus penicillatus (Gould, 1837) White-plumed Honeyeater 356. Lichenostomus plumulus (Gould, 1841) Grey-fronted Honeyeater (Yellow-fronted Honeyeater) 357. Lichenostomus virescens (Vieillot, 1817) Singing Honeyeater 358. Lichmera indistincta (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Honeyeater R 359. Manorina flavigula (Gould, 1840) Yellow-throated Miner 78 includes Manorina flavigula melanotis (Wilson, 1911) Black-eared Miner EN, E (Schodde and Mason (1999) give a detailed justification for considering this form as a distinct taxon within the flavigula complex.) 360. Manorina melanocephala (Latham, 1802) Noisy Miner 361. Melithreptus brevirostris (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown-headed Honeyeater 362. Melithreptus gularis (Gould, 1837) Black-chinned Honeyeater V includes Melithreptus gularis laetior (Gould, 1875) Golden-backed Honeyeater (from the far North-East) R 363. Melithreptus lunatus (Vieillot, 1802) White-naped Honeyeater 364. Philemon citreogularis (Gould, 1837) Little Friarbird R 365. Philemon corniculatus (Latham, 1790) Noisy Friarbird O 366. Phylidonyris albifrons (Gould, 1841) White-fronted Honeyeater 367. Phylidonyris novaehollandiae (Latham, 1790) New Holland Honeyeater 368. Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera (Latham, 1802) Crescent Honeyeater 369. Plectorhyncha lanceolata Gould,1838 Striped Honeyeater R 370. Xanthomyza phrygia (Shaw, 1794) Regent Honeyeater EN, E
Subfamily Epthianurinae - Australian chats
371. Ashbyia lovensis (Ashby, 1911) Gibberbird 372. Epthianura albifrons (Jardine & Selby, 1828) White-fronted Chat 373. Epthianura aurifrons Gould, 1838 Orange Chat 374. Epthianura crocea Castelnau & Ramsay, 1877 Yellow Chat R 275. Epthianura tricolor Gould, 1841 Crimson Chat
FAMILY PETROICIDAE - Australopapuan robins and allies
376. Drymodes brunneopygia Gould, 1841 Southern Scrub-robin updates. 377. Eopsaltria australis (Shaw, 1790) Eastern Yellow Robin 378. Eopsaltria griseogularis Gould, 1838 Western Yellow Robin 379. Melanodryas cucullata (Latham, 1802) Hooded Robin for 380. Microeca fascinans (Latham, 1802) Jacky Winter 381. Petroica goodenovii (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Red-capped Robin 382. Petroica multicolor (Gmelin, 1789) Scarlet Robin Schodde and Mason (1999) separate Australian populations as Petroica boodang (Lesson, 1838), distinct from the Pacific Robin P. multicolor. This is a wide-ranging and variable complex and a conservative approach is taken here in retaining Australian populations within P. multicolor. 383. Petroica phoenicea Gould, 1837 FlameEdition Robin R 384. Petroica rodinogaster (Drapiez, 1819) Pink Robin 385. Petroica rosea Gould, 1840 Rose4th Robin R FAMILY POMATOSTOMIDAE - Australopapuan Babblers 386. Pomatostomus ruficepsSee (Hartlaub, 1852) Chestnut-crowned Babbler 387. Pomatostomus superciliosus (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) White-browed Babbler 388. Pomatostomus temporalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Grey-crowned Babbler R including Pomatostomus temporalis temporalis (from the South-East) E
FAMILY EUPETIDAE - Whipbirds, quail-thrushes and allies
389. Cinclosoma castanotus Gould, 1840 Chestnut Quail-thrush R includes Cinclosoma castanotus castanotus (from more southern and eastern regions of the state) V 390. Cinclosoma cinnamomeum Gould, 1846 Cinnamon Quail-thrush includes Cinclosoma cinnamomeum alisteri Mathews, 1910 Nullarbor Quail-thrush R (sometimes separated as a distinct species) 391. Cinclosoma punctatum (Shaw, 1794) Spotted Quail-thrush Includes Cinclosoma punctatum anachoreta Schodde & Mason, 1999 (Mt Lofty Ranges) E and C. p. punctatum (South-East) possibly EX (but secure in other parts of its range in SE. Australia) 392. Psophodes cristatus (Gould, 1838) Chirruping Wedgebill 393. Psophodes nigrogularis Gould, 1844 Western Whipbird R Includes Psophodes nigrogularis leucogaster Howe & Ross, 1933 (mainland populations) VU, V and P. n. lashmari Schodde & Mason, 1991 (Kangaroo Island) R
79 Schodde and Mason (1999) separated the mallee populations as Psophodes leucogaster Mallee Whipbird (including P. l. leucogaster, P. l. lashmari and the Western Australian mallee form P. l. oberon), leaving just the SW. Western Australian form as P. nigrogularis. In view of the limited information concerning these populations and the small number of specimens available for critical analysis, South Australian whipbirds are retained here within P. nigrogularis, pending further evidence. 394. Psophodes occidentalis (Mathews, 1912) Chiming Wedgebill
FAMILY NEOSITTIDAE - Sittellas
395.Daphoenositta chrysoptera (Latham, 1802) Varied Sittella
FAMILY PACHYCEPHALIDAE - Whistlers, shrike-tits and allies
396. Colluricincla harmonica (Latham, 1802) Grey Shrike-thrush 397. Falcunculus frontatus (Latham, 1802) Crested Shrike-tit V Schodde and Mason (1999) separate the three forms of shrike-tit as distinct species, forming a superspecies; under this arrangement the South Australian population remains as Falcunculus frontatus, the Eastern Shrike-tit. 398. Oreoica gutturalis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Crested Bellbird 399. Pachycephala inornata Gould, 1841 Gilbert's Whistler 400. Pachycephala olivacea Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Olive Whistler V 401. Pachycephala pectoralis (Latham, 1802) Golden Whistler 402. Pachycephala rufiventris (Latham, 1802) Rufous Whistler 403. Pachycephala rufogularis Gould, 1841 Red-lored Whistler VU, V
FAMILY DICRURIDAE - Monarchs, drongos, magpie-larks and allies
404. Dicrurus bracteatus Gould, 1843 Spangled Drongo O updates. 405. Grallina cyanoleuca (Latham, 1802) Magpie-lark 406. Monarcha melanopsis (Vieillot, 1818) Black-faced Monarch O 407. Myiagra cyanoleuca (Vieillot, 1818) Satin Flycatcher V for 408. Myiagra inquieta (Latham, 1802) Restless Flycather 409. Myiagra rubecula (Latham, 1802) Leaden Flycatcher O 410. Rhipidura albiscapa Gould, 1840 Grey Fantail Formerly combined with R. fuliginosa (New Zealand Fantail); both species, with others, regarded by Schodde and Mason (1999) as members of a superspecies. 411. Rhipidura leucophrys (Latham, 1802) Willie EditionWagtail 412. Rhipidura rufifrons (Latham, 1802) Rufous Fantail FAMILY ARTAMIDAE4th - Woodswallows, butcherbirds and allies
413. Artamus cinereus Vieillot, 1817 Black-faced Woodswallow 414. Artamus cyanopterus (Latham, 1802) Dusky Woodswallow 415. Artamus leucorhynchus (Linnaeus,See 1771) White-breasted Woodswallow 416. Artamus minor Vieillot, 1817 Little Woodswallow 417. Artamus personatus (Gould, 1841) Masked Woodswallow 418. Artamus superciliosus (Gould, 1837) White-browed Woodswallow 419. Cracticus nigrogularis (Gould, 1837) Pied Butcherbird 420. Cracticus torquatus (Latham, 1802) Grey Butcherbird 421. Gymnorhina tibicen (Latham, 1802) Australian Magpie 422. Strepera versicolor (Latham, 1802) Grey Currawong
FAMILY CAMPEPHAGIDAE - Cuckoo-shrikes and allies
423. Coracina novaehollandiae (Gmelin, 1789) Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike 424. Coracina maxima (Rüppell, 1839) Ground Cuckoo-shrike 425. Coracina papuensis (Gmelin, 1788) White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike R 426. Coracina tenuirostris (Jardine, 1831) Cicadabird O
427. Lalage tricolor (Swainson, 1825) White-winged Triller See Schodde and Mason (1999) for separation of L. sueurii and L. tricolor as members of a superspecies.
80 FAMILY ORIOLIDAE - Orioles
428. Oriolus sagittatus (Latham, 1802) Olive-backed Oriole R
FAMILY CORVIDAE - Crows
429. Corvus bennetti North, 1901 Little Crow 430. Corvus coronoides Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 Australian Raven 431. Corvus mellori Mathews, 1912 Little Raven 432. Corvus orru Bonaparte, 1850 Torresian Crow (Australian Crow) 433. Corvus tasmanicus Mathews, 1912 Forest Raven
FAMILY CORCORACIDAE - Chough and Apostlebird
434. Corcorax melanorhamphos (Vieillot, 1817) White-winged Chough 435. Struthidea cinerea Gould, 1837 Apostlebird
FAMILY PTILONORHYNCHIDAE - Bowerbirds
436. Chlamydera guttata Gould, 1862 Western Bowerbird 437. Chlamydera maculata (Gould, 1837) Spotted Bowerbird EX
FAMILY MUSCICAPIDAE - Thrushes andupdates. Old World flycatchers 438. *Turdus merula Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Blackbird (Commonfor Blackbird) 439. Zoothera lunulata (Latham, 1802) Bassian Thrush (Ground Thrush, White’s Thrush, Mountain Thrush) R
FAMILY STURNIDAE - Starlings 440. *Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, 1758 CommonEdition Starling FAMILY HIRUNDINIDAE - Swallows and martins
441. Cheramoeca leucosternus (Gould,4th 1841) White-backed Swallow 442. Hirundo neoxena Gould, 1842 Welcome Swallow 443. Hirundo rustica Linnaeus, 1758 Barn Swallow O 444. Petrochelidon ariel (Gould, 1842) Fairy Martin 445. Petrochelidon nigricansSee (Vieillot, 1817) Tree Martin Generic classification of swallows and martins has always been unsettled. The arrangement of Schodde and Mason (1999) is followed here.
FAMILY ZOSTEROPIDAE - White-eyes
446. Zosterops lateralis (Latham, 1802) Silvereye
FAMILY SYLVIIDAE - Warblers
Subfamily Acrocephalinae – Reed-Warblers and allies
81 447. Acrocephalus australis (Gould,1838) Australian Reed-Warbler (Clamorous Reed-Warbler) Now shown to be separable from the widespread A. stentoreus (see Schodde and Mason, 1999).
Subfamily Megalurinae - Grassbirds and allies
448. Cincloramphus cruralis (Vigors & Horsfield, 1827) Brown Songlark 449. Cincloramphus mathewsi Iredale, 1911 Rufous Songlark 450. Eremiornis carteri North, 1900 Spinifexbird R 451. Megalurus gramineus (Gould, 1845) Little Grassbird
Subfamily Cisticolinae - Cisticolas
452. Cisticola exilis (Vigors & Horsfeld, 1827) Golden-headed Cisticola R
FAMILY ALAUDIDAE - Larks
453. *Alauda arvensis Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian Skylark 454. Mirafra javanica Horsfield, 1821 Horsfield’s Bushlark (Singing Bushlark) A change of common name is required to distinguish this species from M. cantillans (Singing Lark) of Africa.
FAMILY DICAEIDAE - Flowerpeckers
455. Dicaeum hirundinaceum (Shaw, 1792) Mistletoebird
FAMILY PASSERIDAE - Old World sparrowsupdates. 456. *Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) House Sparrow for FAMILY MOTACILLIDAE - Wagtails and pipits
457. Anthus novaeseelandiae (Gmelin, 1789) Richard's Pipit Some authors separate A. novaeseelandiae (Australasian Pipit, from Australia, New Zealand and New Guinea) as distinct from Afro-Asian species (Sibley and Monroe, 1990), and others further split the Australasian forms, with A. australis (Australian Pipit) being the species occurring in South Australia (e.g. SchoddeEdition and Mason, 1999). 458. Motacilla cinerea Tunstall, 1771 Grey Wagtail O 459. Motacilla citreola Pallas, 1776 Citrine Wagtail (Yellow-headed Wagtail) O 460. Motacilla flava Linnaeus, 1758 Yellow4th Wagtail O FAMILYSee ESTRILDIDAE - Grass-finches (waxbills) See Schodde and Mason (1999) for arguments supporting the separation of grass-finches from Old World sparrows as a distinct family.
461. Emblema pictum Gould, 1842 Painted Finch R 462. Neochmia temporalis (Latham, 1802) Red-browed Finch 463. Stagonopleura bella (Latham, 1802) Beautiful Firetail R 464. Stagonopleura guttata (Shaw, 1796) Diamond Firetail V 465. Taeniopygia guttata (Vieillot, 1817) Zebra Finch
82 FAMILY FRINGILLIDAE - Finches
466. *Carduelis carduelis (Linnaeus, 1758) European Goldfinch 467. *Carduelis chloris (Linnaeus, 1758) European Greenfinch
SUPPLEMETARY LIST
These are introduced species that either have not established feral populations in South Australia or that appear to have died out or have been exterminated in this state.
PHASIANIDAE Phasianus colchicus Linnaeus, 1758 Common Pheasant
ANATIDAE Tadorna ferruginea (Pallas, 1764) Ruddy Shelduck
PSITTACIDAE Agapornis roseicollis (Vieillot, 1818) Peach-faced Lovebird
STURNIDAE Acridotheres tristis (Linnaeus, 1766) Common Mynah (Indian Mynah) PYCNONOTIDAE updates. Pycnonotus jocosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Red-whiskered Bulbul
PLOCEIDAE for Euplectes orix (Linnaeus, 1758) Red Bishop
ESTRILDIDAE Lonchura punctulata (Linnaeus, 1758) Nutmeg Mannikin Edition 4th
See
83 295. White-browed Treecreeper 299. Superb Fairy-wren 303. Splendid Fairy-wren Climacteris affinis Malurus cyaneus Malurus splendens
296. Brown Treecreeper 300. Variegated Fairy-wren 304. Southern Emu-wren Climacteris picumnus Malurus lamberti Stipiturus malachurus
297. Rufous Treecreeper 305. Mallee Emu-wren Climacteris rufa 301. White-winged Fairy-wren Stipiturus mallee Malurus leucopterus
306. Rufous-crowned Emu- 298. White-throated wren Treecreeper 302. Blue-breasted Fairy-wren Stipiturus ruficeps Cormobates leucophaeus Malurus pulcherrimus
84 307. Grey Grasswren 311. Striated Grasswren 315. Striated Pardalote Amytornis barbatus Amytornis striatus Pardalotus striatus
312. Thick-billed Grasswren 308. Eyrean Grasswren Amytornis textilis 316. Rufous Bristlebird Amytornis goyderi Dasyornis broadbenti
313. Spotted Pardalote Pardalotus punctatus 309. Short-tailed Grasswren 317. Inland Thornbill Amytornis merrotsyi Acanthiza apicalis
314. Red-browed Pardalote Pardalotus rubricatus 310. Dusky Grasswren 318. Yellow-rumped Thornbill Amytornis purnelli Acanthiza chrysorrhoa
85 319. Slender-billed Thornbill 323. Buff-rumped Thornbill 327. Banded Whiteface Acanthiza iredalei Acanthiza reguloides Aphelocephala nigricincta
328. Chestnut-breasted 320. Striated Thornbill 324. Slaty-backed Thornbill Whiteface Acanthiza lineata Acanthiza robustirostris Aphelocephala pectoralis
321. Yellow Thornbill 329. Rufous Fieldwren Acanthiza nana 325. Chestnut-rumped Calamanthus campestris Thornbill Acanthiza uropygialis
322. Brown Thornbill Acanthiza pusilla 330. Shy Heathwren 326. Southern Whiteface Calamanthus cautus Aphelocephala leucopsis
86 331. Striated Fieldwren 335. Redthroat 339. Eastern Spinebill Calamanthus fuliginosus Pyrrholaemus brunneus Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris
332. Chestnut-rumped 336. White-browed Scrubwren Heathwren Sericornis frontalis 340. Red Wattlebird Calomanthus pyrrhopygius Anthochaera carunculata
337. Weebill 333. Western Gerygone Smicrornis brevirostris Gerygone fusca 341. Little Wattlebird Anthochaera chrysoptera
324. White-throated Gerygone 338. Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater Gerygone olivacea Acanthagenys rufogularis 342. Black Honeyeater Certhionyx niger
87 343. Pied Honeyeater 347. Painted Honeyeater 351. Grey-headed Honeyeater Certhionyx variegatus Grantiella picta Lichenostomus keartlandi
344. Grey Honeyeater 348. Yellow-faced Honeyeater 352. White-eared Honeyeater Conopophila whitei Lichenostomus chrysops Lichenostomus leucotis
345. Blue-faced Honeyeater Entomyzon cyanotis 349. Purple-gaped Honeyeater 353. Yellow-tufted Honeyeater Lichenostomus cratitius Lichenostomus melanops
346. Tawny-crowned 354. Yellow-plumed Honeyeater Honeyeater 350. Fuscous Honeyeater Lichenostomus ornatus Gliciphila melanops Lichenostomus fuscus
88 355. White-plumed Honeyeater 359. Yellow-throated Miner 363. White-naped Honeyeater Lichenostomus penicillatus Manorina flavigula Melithreptus lunatus
356. Grey-fronted Honeyeater 360. Noisy Miner 364. Little Friarbird Lichenostomus plumulus Manorina melanocephala Philemon citreogularis
357. Singing Honeyeater 361. Brown-headed Honeyeater 365. Noisy Friarbird Lichenostomus virescens Melithreptus brevirostris Philemon corniculatus
% % % %%
358. Brown Honeyeater 362. Black-chinned Honeyeater 366. White-fronted Honeyeater Lichmera indistincta Melithreptus gularis Phylidonyris albifrons
89 367. New Holland Honeyeater 371. Gibberbird 375. Crimson Chat Phylidonyris novaehollandiae Ashbyia lovensis Epthianura tricolor
368. Crescent Honeyeater 372. White-fronted Chat 376. Southern Scrub-robin Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera Epthianura albifrons Drymodes brunneopygia
369. Striped Honeyeater Plectorhyncha lanceolata 373. Orange Chat 377. Eastern Yellow Robin Epthianura aurifrons Eopsaltria australis
370. Regent Honeyeater Xanthomyza phrygia 374. Yellow Chat 378. Western Yellow Robin Ephthianura crocea Eopsaltria griseogularis
90 379. Hooded Robin 383. Flame Robin 387. White-browed Babbler Melanodryas cucullata Petroica phoenicea Pomatostomus superciliosus
384. Pink Robin 380. Jacky Winter 388. Grey-crowned Babbler Petroica rodinogaster Microeca fascinans Pomatostomus temporalis
385. Rose Robin 389. Chestnut Quail-thrush 381. Red-capped Robin Petroica rosea Cinclosoma castanotus Petroica goodenovii
386. Chestnut-crowned Babbler 390. Cinnamon Quail-thrush 382. Scarlet Robin Pomatostomus ruficeps Cinclosoma cinnamomeum Petroica multicolor
91 391. Spotted Quail-thrush 395. Varied Sittella 399. Gilbert's Whistler Cinclosoma punctatum Daphoenositta chrysoptera Pachycephala inornata
400. Olive Whistler 392. Chirruping Wedgebill 396. Grey Shrike-thrush Pachycephala olivacea Psophodes cristatus Colluricincla harmonica
% % % %
393. Western Whipbird 401. Golden Whistler 397. Crested Shrike-tit Psophodes nigrogularis Pachycephala pectoralis Falcunculus frontatus
394. Chiming Wedgebill 402. Rufous Whistler Psophodes occidentalis 398. Crested Bellbird Pachycephala rufiventris Oreoica gutturalis
92 403. Red-lored Whistler 407. Satin Flycatcher 411. Willie Wagtail Pachycephala rufogularis Myiagra cyanoleuca Rhipidura leucophrys
408. Restless Flycatcher 404. Spangled Drongo Myiagra inquieta 412. Rufous Fantail Dicrurus bracteatus Rhipidura rufifrons
409. Leaden Flycatcher 405. Magpie-lark Myiagra rubecula 413. Black-faced Woodswallow Grallina cyanoleuca Artamus cinereus
410. Grey Fantail 406. Black-faced Monarch Rhipidura albiscapa 414. Dusky Woodswallow Monarcha melanopsis Artamus cyanopterus
%
93 415. White-breasted 419. Pied Butcherbird 423. Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike Woodswallow Cracticus nigrogularis Coracina novaehollandiae Artamus leucorhynchus
420. Grey Butcherbird Cracticus torquatus 424. Ground Cuckoo-shrike 416. Little Woodswallow Coracina maxima Artamus minor
421. Australian Magpie Gymnorhina tibicen 425. White-bellied Cuckoo- 417. Masked Woodswallow shrike Artamus personatus Coracina papuensis
422. Grey Currawong Strepera versicolor 418. White-browed 426. Cicadabird Woodswallow Coracina tenuirostris Artamus superciliosus
%
94 427. White-winged Triller 431. Little Raven 435. Apostlebird Lalage tricolor Corvus mellori Struthidea cinerea
428. Olive-backed Oriole 432. Torresian Crow 436. Western Bowerbird Oriolus sagittatus Corvus orru Chlamydera guttata
433. Forest Raven 429. Little Crow Corvus tasmanicus 437. Spotted Bowerbird Corvus bennetti Chlamydera maculata
% % %
434. White-winged Chough 430. Australian Raven Corcorax melanorhamphos 438. *Eurasian Blackbird Corvus coronoides *Turdus merula
95 439. Bassian Thrush 443. Barn Swallow 447. Australian Reed-Warbler Zoothera lunulata Hirundo rustica Acrocephalus australis
440. *Common Starling 444. Fairy Martin 448. Brown Songlark *Sturnus vulgaris Petrochelidon ariel Cincloramphus cruralis
441. White-backed Swallow 445. Tree Martin 449. Rufous Songlark Cheramoeca leucosternus Petrochelidon nigricans Cincloramphus mathewsi
450. Spinifexbird 442. Welcome Swallow 446. Silvereye Eremiornis carteri Hirundo neoxena Zosterops lateralis
96 451. Little Grassbird 455. Mistletoebird 459. Citrine Wagtail Megalurus gramineus Dicaeum hirundinaceum Motacilla citreola
%
460. Yellow Wagtail 452. Golden-headed Cisticola 456. *House Sparrow Motacilla flava Cisticola exilis *Passer domesticus
%
461. Painted Finch Emblema pictum 453. *Eurasian Skylark 441. Richard's Pipit *Alauda arvensis Anthus novaeseelandiae
462. Red-browed Finch Neochmia temporalis 458. Grey Wagtail 454. Horsfield’s Bushlark Motacilla cinerea Mirafra javanica
97 463. Beautiful Firetail 467. *Greenfinch Stagonopleura bella *Carduelis chloris
464. Diamond Firetail Stagonopleura guttata
465. Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata
466. *European Goldfinch *Carduelis carduelis
98 A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia Reptiles and Amphibians
Compiled by Mark Hutchinson and Adrienne Edwards, Herpetology Section South Australian Museum, North Terrace, ADELAIDE 5000
This compilation shows the distributions of all Donnellan 1999) is also followed here. We accept tortoises, turtles, lizards, snakes and frogs that occur in Bauer et al.’s (1997) validation of the genus Christinus South Australia. Records are based to a very large for the Australian geckoes formerly included in extent on South Australian sources, primarily the Phyllodactylus. At the higher taxonomic level, we Herpetology collection held by the South Australian recognise the gekkonid affinities of the pygopodid Museum, plus records from the Biological Survey of legless lizards by submerging them as a subfamily South Australia. For a few very rare or seldom within the family Gekkonidae (Kluge, 1987; Donnellan collected species, some use has been made of records et al., 1999). Higher taxa within the order Squamata from other sources (interstate or overseas museums). are unstable at present. In recognition of this we list All but one of the species listed are regarded as some familiar higher taxon names, such as Serpentes, naturally occurring in South Australia. The one but leave them unranked. No standardised list of exception is the water dragon, Physignathus lesueurii, common names exists for reptiles and amphibians. The an eastern Australian lizard that has established a feral names used here are those currently in use by the SA population in parts of the Torrens River system. Museum and the Heritage &Biodiversity Branch, DEHAA. Reptile and amphibian taxonomy is subject to frequent change as new information emerges regarding species This list excludes one species (Ctenophorus scutulatus) relationships, and as new species are discovered (still long includedupdates. in the South Australian list.; see Houston an annual occurrence in the Australian fauna). The and Hutchinson (1998) for discussion of this species. most recent edition of Cogger (1996) tends to be the In the near future other rearrangements will certainly standard source for taxonomic usage, but there is room forchange the number of species recognised. Some for disagreement with some of the decisions taken in studies in progress have shown that current species Cogger’s book, which results in some differences boundaries are misleading. Accordingly we have between that work and the taxonomy used in this work. combined the distribution data for two such problem The synonymies provided by Cogger et al. (1981) groups. The map for Ctenotus helenae and C. saxatilis provide most of the background needed to follow any is composite, as is the map for Cryptoblepharus differences of usage. Major revisions not incorporatedEdition carnabyi and C. plagiocephalus. In each case a single into Cogger’s work, but used in the present work, map shows all records of both species, the name on the include Kluge’s (1967) revision of diplodactyline map caption being the older name (C. saxatilis and C. geckoes which synonymised Lucasium4th with plagiocephalus, respectively). Diplodactylus; Shea’s (1990) revision of Tiliqua, which synonymised Trachydosaurus with Tiliqua; Bauer’s The following list includes all species of reptiles and (1990) revision of carphodactyline geckoes which frogs reliably recorded as free-living forms from South synonymised UnderwoodisaurusSee with Nephrurus. Australia during the period of European settlement. The Other differences include recognition of Demansia list has the ordering and composition shown in the table reticulata as specifically distinct from D. psammophis below (figures in brackets show the number of (ie, following Storr 1978). A recent revision of the introduced families and species) Ctenotus uber species complex (Hutchinson & Class Order Common Name Number of families Number of species (Suborder) Reptilia Testudines Turtles & Tortoises 3 6 Squamata Lizards & Snakes 7 221 (Sauria) Lizards 4 179 (Serpentes) Snakes 3 42 Amphibia Anura Frogs 2 27 Totals 12 254
The conservation status of South Australian reptiles is shown in the table below:
Order (Suborder) Common Name Total EX E V R Species Testudines Turtles & Tortoises 6 4 Squamata Lizards & Snakes 221 5 5 24 (Sauria) Lizards 179 5 3 21 (Serpentes) Snakes 42 2 3 Anura Frogs 27 Totals 254 5 15 25
References consulted in the preparation of this listing are cited below:
REFERENCES Bauer, A. M. (1990) Phylogenetic systematics and Houston, T. F. and Hutchinson, M. N. (ed., 2nd Edition) biogeography of the Carphodactylini (Reptilia: 1998updates.. Dragon Lizards and Goannas of South Gekkonidae). Bonner Zoologische Australia (2nd edn). South Australian Monographien Nr 30: 1-218. forMuseum, Adelaide. Bauer, A. M., Good, D. A. and Branch, W. R. (1997) Hutchinson, M. N. and Donnellan, S. C. (1999). The taxonomy of the southern African leaf- Genetic variation and taxonomy of the lizards toed geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with a assigned to Ctenotus uber orientalis Storr review of Old World “Phyllodactylus” and the (Squamata: Scincidae) with description of a description of five new genera. Proceedings new species. Records of the South Australian of the California Academy of Sciences 49: Museum 32(2), in press. 447-497. EditionKluge, A. G. (1967) Systematics, phylogeny and Cogger, H. G. (1996) Reptiles and Amphibians of zoogeography of the lizard genus Australia (6th edn). Reed Books Diplodactylus Gray (Gekkonidae). Australian Cogger, H. G., Cameron, E. E. and Cogger,4th H. M. Journal of Zoology 15: 1007-1108. (1983) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Shea, G. M. (1990) The genera Tiliqua and Vol. 1. Amphibia and Reptilia. Australian Cyclodomorphus (Lacertilia: Scincidae): Government Publishing Service, Canberra. generic diagnoses and systematic Donnellan, S. C., Hutchinson, M.See N. and Saint, K. M. relationships. Memoirs of the Queensland (1999) Molecular evidence for the Museum 29: 495 -519. phylogeny of Australian gekkonoid lizards. Storr, G. M. (1978) Whip snakes (Demansia, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society Elapidae) of Western Australia. Records of 67: 97-118. the Western Australian Museum 6: 287-301.
100 CLASS REPTILIA - Reptiles
ORDER TESTUDINES - Turtles and tortoises
FAMILY CHELIDAE - Side-necked Tortoises
1. Chelodina expansa Gray, 1857 Broad-shelled Tortoise V 2. Chelodina longicollis (Shaw, 1794) Common Long-necked Tortoise 3. Emydura macquarii (Gray, 1830) Macquarie Tortoise
FAMILY CHELONIIDAE - Sea Turtles
4. Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) Loggerhead Turtle EN, V 5. Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) Green Turtle VU, V
FAMILY DERMOCHELYIDAE - Leathery Turtle
6. Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) Leathery Turtle VU, V ORDER SQUAMATA - Lizardsupdates. and snakes Lizardsfor
FAMILY AGAMIDAE - Dragon lizards
7. Amphibolurus gilberti (Gray, 1842) Gilbert's Dragon R 8. Amphibolurus longirostris (Boulenger, 1883)Edition Long-nosed Dragon 9. Amphibolurus muricatus (White, 1790) Jacky Lizard R 10. Amphibolurus nobbi Witten, 1972 Nobbi Dragon 11. Amphibolurus norrisi Witten & Coventry, 1984 Mallee Tree-dragon 12. Ctenophorus clayi (Storr, 1966)4th Black-collared Dragon 13. Ctenophorus cristatus (Gray, 1841) Crested Dragon 14. Ctenophorus decresii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1837) Tawny Dragon 15. Ctenophorus fionni See(Proctor, 1923) Peninsula Dragon 16. Ctenophorus fordi (Storr, 1965) Mallee Dragon 17. Ctenophorus gibba (Houston, 1974) Gibber Dragon 18. Ctenophorus isolepis (Fischer, 1881) Military Dragon 19. Ctenophorus maculatus (Gray, 1831) Spotted Dragon 20. Ctenophorus maculosus (Mitchell, 1948) Lake Eyre Dragon 21. Ctenophorus mckenziei (Storr, 1981) McKenzie's Dragon R 22. Ctenophorus nuchalis (De Vis, 1884) Central Netted Dragon 23. Ctenophorus pictus (Peters, 1866) Painted Dragon 24. Ctenophorus reticulatus (Gray, 1845) Western Netted Dragon 25. Ctenophorus rufescens (Stirling & Zietz, 1893) Rusty Dragon 26. Ctenophorus salinarum (Storr, 1966) Claypan Dragon R 27. Ctenophorus tjantjalka Johnston, 1992 Ochre Dragon 28. Ctenophorus vadnappa (Houston, 1974) Red-barred Dragon 29. Diporiphora linga Houston, 1977 Linga Dragon 30. Diporiphora winneckei Lucas & Frost, 1896 Canegrass Dragon 31. Moloch horridus Gray, 1841 Thorny Devil 32. *Physignathus lesueurii (Gray, 1831) Water Dragon 33. Pogona barbata (Cuvier, 1829) Eastern Bearded Dragon 34. Pogona minor (Sternfeld, 1919) Dwarf Bearded Dragon 101 35. Pogona nullarbor (Badham, 1976) Nullarbor Bearded Dragon R 36. Pogona vitticeps (Ahl, 1926) Central Bearded Dragon 37. Tympanocryptis adelaidensis (Gray, 1841) Prickly Dragon 38. Tympanocryptis centralis Sternfield, 1924 Centralian Earless Dragon 39. Tympanocryptis cephalus Gunther, 1867 Pebble Dragon 40. Tympanocryptis houstoni Storr, 1982 Nullarbor Earless Dragon 41. Tympanocryptis intima Mitchell, 1948 Smooth-snouted Earless Dragon 42. Tympanocryptis lineata Peters, 1863 Five-lined Earless Dragon 43. Tympanocryptis tetraporophora Lucas & Frost, 1895 Eyrean Earless Dragon
FAMILY GEKKONIDAE - Geckos and legless lizards
Subfamily Diplodactylinae
44. Crenadactylus ocellatus (Gray, 1845) Clawless Gecko 45. Diplodactylus byrnei Lucas & Frost, 1896 Pink-blotched Gecko 46. Diplodactylus conspicillatus Lucas & Frost, 1897 Fat-tailed Gecko 47. Diplodactylus damaeus (Lucas & Frost, 1896) Beaded Gecko 48. Diplodactylus galeatus Kluge, 1963 Mesa Gecko 49. Diplodactylus granariensis Storr, 1979 Western Stone Gecko 50. Diplodactylus pulcher (Steindachner, 1870) Patchwork Gecko 51. Diplodactylus steindachneri Boulenger, 1885 Map Gecko 52. Diplodactylus stenodactylus Boulenger, 1896 Sandplain Gecko 53. Diplodactylus tessellatus (Gunther, 1875) Tessellated Gecko 54. Diplodactylus vittatus Gray, 1832 Eastern Stone Gecko 55. Nephrurus deleani Harvey, 1983 Pernatty Knob-tailed Gecko VU, V updates. 56. Nephrurus laevissimus Mertens, 1958 Pale Knob-tailed Gecko 57. Nephrurus levis De Vis, 1886 Smooth Knob-tailed Gecko 58. Nephrurus milii (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1825) Barking Gecko for 59. Nephrurus stellatus Storr, 1968 Starred Knob-tailed Gecko 60. Oedura marmorata Gray, 1842 Marbled Velvet Gecko 61. Rhynchoedura ornata Gunther, 1867 Beaked Gecko 62. Strophurus assimilis Storr, 1988 Thorn-tailed Gecko R 63. Strophurus ciliaris Boulenger, 1885 Northern Spiny-tailed Gecko 64. Strophurus elderi Stirling & Zietz, 1893 JewelledEdition Gecko 65. Strophurus intermedius (Ogilby, 1892) Southern Spiny-tailed Gecko 66. Strophurus williamsi (Kluge, 1963) Eastern4th Spiny-tailed Gecko Subfamily Gekkoninae
67. Christinus marmoratus (Gray, 1845) Marbled Gecko 68. Gehyra montium Storr, 1982See Central Rock Dtella 69. Gehyra purpurascens Storr, 1982 Purple Dtella 70. Gehyra sp.'2n=44' Southern Rock Dtella 71. Gehyra variegata (Dumeril & Bibron, 1836) Tree Dtella 72. Heteronotia binoei (Gray, 1845) Bynoe's Gecko
Subfamily Pygopodinae
73. Aprasia inaurita Kluge, 1974 Red-tailed Worm-lizard 74. Aprasia pseudopulchella Kluge, 1974 Flinders Worm Lizard VU 75. Aprasia striolata Lutken, 1863 Lined Worm-lizard 76. Delma australis Kluge, 1974 Barred Snake-lizard 77. Delma borea Kluge, 1974 Northern Snake-lizard 78. Delma butleri Storr,1987 Spinifex Snake-lizard 79. Delma fraseri Gray, 1831 Fraser's Snake-lizard 80. Delma impar (Fischer, 1882) Striped Snake-lizard VU, E 81. Delma inornata Kluge, 1974 Olive Snake-lizard R 82. Delma molleri Lutken, 1863 Adelaide Snake-lizard 83. Delma nasuta Kluge, 1974 Centralian Snake-lizard 102 84. Delma tincta De Vis, 1888 Black-necked Snake-lizard 85. Lialis burtonis Gray, 1835 Burton's Legless Lizard 86. Ophidiocephalus taeniatus Lucas & Frost, 1897 Bronzeback Legless Lizard VU, V 87. Pygopus lepidopodus (Lacepede, 1804) Common Scaly-foot 88. Pygopus nigriceps (Fischer, 1882) Black-headed Scaly-foot 89. Pygopus schraderi Boulenger, 1913 Hooded Scaly-foot
FAMILY SCINCIDAE - Skinks
90. Bassiana duperreyi (Gray, 1838) Eastern Three-lined Skink 91. Bassiana trilineata (Gray,1839) Western Three-lined Skink R 92. Carlia triacantha (Mitchell, 1953) Desert Rainbow Skink 93. Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus (Cocteau, 1836) Desert Wall Skink Includes forms currently identified as Cryptoblepharus carnabyi Storr, 1976 Speckled Wall Skink 94. Cryptoblepharus virgatus (Garman, 1901) Striped Wall Skink 95. Ctenotus ariadnae Storr,1969 Pin-striped Ctenotus 96. Ctenotus atlas Storr, 1969 Southern Spinifex Ctenotus 97. Ctenotus brachyonyx Storr, 1971 Brown Ctenotus 98. Ctenotus brooksi (Loveridge, 1933) Sandhill Ctenotus 99. Ctenotus calurus Storr, 1969 Blue-tailed Skink 100. Ctenotus dux Storr, 1969 Narrow-lined Ctenotus 101. Ctenotus grandis Storr, 1969 Giant Desert Ctenotus 102. Ctenotus greeri Storr, 1979 Greer's Ctenotus 103. Ctenotus joanae Storr, 1970 Blacksoil Ctenotus R 104. Ctenotus leae (Boulenger, 1887) Centralian Coppertail 105. Ctenotus leonhardii (Sternfeld, 1919) Common Desert Ctenotusupdates. 106. Ctenotus olympicus Hutchinson & Donellan, 1999 Saltbush Ctenotus 107. Ctenotus orientalis Storr, 1969 Eastern Spotted Ctenotus 108. Ctenotus pantherinus (Peters, 1866) Leopard Skink for 109. Ctenotus piankai Storr, 1969 Paleface Ctenotus 110. Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus (Sternfeld, 1919) Many-lined Ctenotus 111. Ctenotus regius Storr, 1971 Eastern Desert Ctenotus 112. Ctenotus robustus Storr, 1970 Eastern Striped Skink 113. Ctenotus saxatilis Storr, 1970 Centralian Striped Skink Includes forms currently identified as Ctenotus helenae Storr, 1969 Dusky Ctenotus 114. Ctenotus schomburgkii (Peters, 1863) EditionSandplain Ctenotus 115. Ctenotus septenarius King & Horner, 1988 Gibber Ctenotus 116. Ctenotus strauchii (Boulenger, 1887) Short-legged Ctenotus 117. Cyclodomorphus melanops (Stirling4th & Zietz,1893) Spinifex Slender Bluetongue 118. Cyclodomorphus venustus Shea & Miller, 1995 Saltbush Slender Bluetongue 119. Egernia coventryi Storr, 1978 Swamp Skink E 120. Egernia cunninghami (Gray, 1832) Cunningham's Skink V 121. Egernia inornata Rosen,See 1905 Desert Skink 122. Egernia kintorei Stirling and Zietz, 1893 Tjakura VU, E 123. Egernia margaretae Storr, 1968 Masked Rock Skink 124. Egernia multiscutata Mitchell & Behrndt, 1949 Bull Skink 125. Egernia richardi (Peters, 1869) Western Tree Skink 126. Egernia slateri Storr, 1968 Black-striped Desert Skink E 127. Egernia stokesii (Gray, 1845) Gidgee Skink 128. Egernia striata Sternfeld, 1919 Night Skink 129. Egernia striolata (Peters, 1870) Eastern Tree Skink 130. Egernia whitii (Lacepede, 1804) White's Skink 131. Eremiascincus fasciolatus (Gunther, 1867) Narrow-banded Sandswimmer 132. Eremiascincus richardsonii (Gray, 1845) Broad-banded Sandswimmer 133. Eulamprus heatwolei Wells & Wellington, 1983 Yellow-bellied Water Skink R 134. Eulamprus quoyii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1939) Eastern Water Skink 135. Eulamprus tympanum (Lonnberg & Andersson, 1913) Southern Water Skink 136. Hemiergis decresiensis (Cuvier, 1829) Three-toed Earless Skink 137 Hemiergis initialis (Werner, 1910) Western Earless Skink 138. Hemiergis millewae Coventry, 1976 Rusty Earless Skink 139. Hemiergis peronii (Gray, 1831) Four-toed Earless Skink 103 140. Lampropholis delicata (De Vis, 1888) Delicate Skink 141. Lampropholis guichenoti (Dumeril & Bibron, 1839) Garden Skink 142. Lerista arenicola Storr, 1990 Beach Slider R 143. Lerista baynesi Storr, 1972 Speckled Slider 144. Lerista bipes (Fischer, 1882) Western Two-toed Slider 145. Lerista bougainvillii (Gray, 1839) Bougainville's Skink 146. Lerista desertorum (Sternfeld, 1919) Great Desert Slider 147. Lerista distinguenda (Werner,1910) Dwarf four-toed Slider R 148. Lerista dorsalis Storr,1985 Southern Four-toed Slider 149. Lerista edwardsae Storr, 1982 Myall Slider 150. Lerista elongata Storr, 1990 Woomera Slider 151. Lerista labialis Storr, 1971 Eastern Two-toed Slider 152. Lerista microtis (Gray, 1845) Long-legged Slider R 153. Lerista muelleri (Fischer, 1881) Dwarf Three-toed Slider 154. Lerista punctatovittata (Gunther, 1867) Spotted Slider 155. Lerista speciosa Storr, 1990 Musgrave Slider R 156. Lerista taeniata Storr, 1986 Ribbon Slider R 157. Lerista terdigitata (Parker, 1926) Southern Three-toed Slider 158. Lerista xanthura Storr, 1976 Yellow-tailed Slider 159. Menetia greyii Gray, 1845 Dwarf Skink 160. Morethia adelaidensis Peters, 1874 Adelaide Snake-eye 161. Morethia boulengeri (Ogilby, 1890) Common Snake-eye 162. Morethia butleri (Storr, 1963) Butler's Snake-eye 163. Morethia obscura Storr, 1972 Mallee Snake-eye 164. Morethia ruficauda (Lucas & Frost, 1895) Fire-tailed Skink 165. Notoscincus ornatus (Broom, 1896) Desert Glossy Skink R 166. Proablepharus kinghorni (Copland, 1947) Blacksoil Skink R updates. 167. Proablepharus reginae (Glauert, 1960) Silvereye Skink R 168. Pseudomoia baudini (Greer, 1982) Bight Coast Skink R for 169. Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii (Dumeril & Bibron, 1839) Southern Grass Skink 170. Pseudemoia pagenstecheri (Lindholm, 1901) Tussock Skink R 171. Pseudemoia rawlinsoni (Hutchinson & Donnellan,1988) Glossy Grass Skink E 172. Tiliqua adelaidensis (Peters, 1863) Pygmy Bluetongue EN, E 173. Tiliqua multifasciata Sternfeld, 1919 Centralian Bluetongue 174. Tiliqua nigrolutea (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Blotched Bluetongue 175. Tiliqua occipitalis (Peters, 1863) Western BluetongueEdition 176. Tiliqua rugosa (Gray, 1825) Sleepy Lizard 177. Tiliqua scincoides (White, 1790) Eastern4th Bluetongue FAMILY - VARANIDAE Goannas
178. Varanus brevicauda Boulenger,See 1898 Short-tailed Pygmy Goanna 179. Varanus eremius Lucas & Frost, 1895 Desert Pygmy Goanna 180. Varanus giganteus (Gray, 1845) Perentie 181. Varanus gilleni Lucas & Frost, 1895 Pygmy Mulga Goanna 182. Varanus gouldii (Gray, 1838) Sand Goanna 183. Varanus rosenbergi Mertens, 1957 Heath Goanna R 184. Varanus tristis (Schlegel, 1839) Black-headed Goanna 185. Varanus varius (White, ex Shaw, 1790) Tree Goanna R
104 Snakes
FAMILY - BOIDAE Boas and Pythons
186. Antaresia stimsoni (Smith,1895) Stimson's Python 187. Aspidites ramsayi (Macleay, 1882) Woma 188. Morelia spilota (Lacepede, 1804) Carpet Python V
FAMILY - ELAPIDAE Elapid Snakes
189. Acanthophis antarcticus (Shaw & Nodder, 1802) Common Death Adder 190. Acanthophis pyrrhus Boulenger, 1898 Desert Death Adder R 191. Austrelaps labialis (Jan, 1859) Pygmy Copperhead 192. Austrelaps superbus (Gunther, 1858) Lowland Copperhead 193. Demansia psammophis (Schlegel, 1837) Yellow-faced Whipsnake 194. Demansia reticulata (Gray, 1842) Desert Whipsnake 195. Demansia sp.'Channel Country Whipsnake' Channel Country Whipsnake V 196. Drysdalia coronoides (Gunther, 1858) White-lipped Snake 197. Drysdalia mastersii (Krefft, 1866) Masters’ Snake 198. Echiopsis curta (Schlegal, 1837) Bardick R 199. Furina diadema (Schlegal, 1837) Red-naped Snake 200. Furina ornata (Gray, 1842) Moon Snake 201. Notechis ater (Krefft, 1866) Black Tiger Snake N. a. ater, the Flinders Ranges population, is considered VU 202. Notechis scutatus (Peters, 1861) Eastern Tiger Snake updates. 203. Oxyuranus microlepidotus (McCoy, 1879) Inland Taipan 204. Pseudechis australis (Gray, 1842) Mulga Snake for 205. Pseudechis porphyriacus (Shaw, 1794) Red-bellied Black Snake 206. Pseudonaja affinis Gunther, 1872 Dugite 207. Pseudonaja guttata (Parker, 1926) Spotted Brown Snake 208. Pseudonaja inframacula (Waite, 1925) Peninsula Brown Snake 209. Pseudonaja modesta (Gunther, 1872) Five-ringed Snake 210. Pseudonaja nuchalis Gunther, 1858 Western Brown Snake 211. Pseudonaja textilis (Dumeril, Bibron &Edition Dumeril, 1854) Eastern Brown Snake 212. Simoselaps anomalus (Sternfeld, 1919) Centralian Banded Snake 213. Simoselaps australis (Krefft, 1864) Coral Snake 214. Simoselaps bertholdi (Jan, 1859)4th Desert Banded Snake 215. Simoselaps bimaculatus Dumeril, Bibron & Dumeril, 1854) Western Black-naped Snake 216. Simoselaps fasciolatus (Gunther, 1872) Narrow-banded Snake 217. Simoselaps semifasciatus (Gunther, 1863) Half-girdled Snake 218. Suta flagellum (McCoy,See 1878) Little Whip Snake 219. Suta monachus (Storr, 1964) Hooded Snake 220. Suta nigriceps (Gunther, 1863) Mitchell's Short-tailed Snake 221. Suta spectabilis (Krefft, 1869) Mallee Black-headed Snake 222. Suta suta (Peters, 1863) Curl Snake 223. Vermicella annulata (Gray, 1841) Common Bandy-Bandy R
FAMILY - TYPHLOPIDAE Blind Snakes
224. Ramphotyphlops australis (Gray, 1845) Southern Blind Snake 225. Ramphotyphlops bituberculatus (Peters, 1863) Rough-nosed Blind Snake 226. Ramphotyphlops endoterus (Waite, 1918) Centralian Blind Snake
105 1. Broad-shelled Tortoise 5. Green Turtle 9. Jacky Lizard Chelodina expansa Chelonia mydas Amphibolurus muricatus
2. Common Long-necked 10. Nobbi Dragon 6. Leathery Turtle Tortoise Amphibolurus nobbi Dermochelys coriacea Chelodina longicollis
updates.
11. Mallee Tree-Dragon 3. Murray River Tortoise 7. Gilbert's Dragon for Amphibolurus norrisi Emydura macquarii Amphibolurus gilberti
Edition 4th
4. Loggerhead Turtle 12. Black-collared Dragon See 8. Long-nosed Dragon Ctenophorus clayi Caretta caretta Amphibolurus longirostris
106 13. Crested Dragon 17. Gibber Dragon 21. McKenzie's Dragon Ctenophorus cristatus Ctenophorus gibba Ctenophorus mckenziei
14. Tawny Dragon 18. Military Dragon 22. Central Netted Dragon Ctenophorus decresii Ctenophorus isolepis Ctenophorus nuchalis
updates. 15. Peninsula Dragon 19. Spotted Dragon 23. Painted Dragon Ctenophorus fionni Ctenophorus maculatusfor Ctenophorus pictus
Edition 4th
16. Mallee Dragon 20. Lake Eyre Dragon 24. Western Netted Dragon Ctenophorus fordiSee Ctenophorus maculosus Ctenophorus reticulatus
107 25. Rusty Dragon 29. Linga Dragon 33. Eastern Bearded Dragon Ctenophorus rufescens Diporiphora linga Pogona barbata
26. Western Painted Dragon 30. Canegrass Dragon 34. Dwarf Bearded Dragon Ctenophorus salinarum Diporiphora winneckei Pogona minor
updates. 27. Ochre Dragon 31. Thorny Devil 35. Nullarbor Bearded Dragon Ctenophorus tjantjalka Moloch horridus for Pogona nullarbor
Edition 4th
36. Central Bearded Dragon 29. Red-barred Dragon 32. Water Dragon Pogona vitticeps Ctenophorus vadnappa See *Physignathus lesueurii
%
108 37. Prickly Dragon 41. Smooth-snouted Earless 45. Pink-blotched Gecko Tympanocryptis adelaidensis Dragon Diplodactylus byrnei Tympanocryptis intima
38. Centralian Earless Dragon 46. Fat-tailed Gecko Tympanocryptis centralis 42. Five-lined Earless Dragon Diplodactylus conspicillatus
% %% % % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% %%% % %%%%%%%%% Tympanocryptis lineata % %%% % % %% %% %%% % % %%% % %% %% % % %% % %% % %
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% % %% %%% % %%%%%%%% % %%% % %% % %% % % % % %%% % % % % % %%% % % % % % %%%%% % % % % %% % % % % %% % % % %% % %%% % %%%% % % % % % %%%%% % %% %%%%% updates.%% % 39. Pebble Dragon 47. Beaded Gecko Tympanocryptis cephalus 43. Eyrean Earlessfor Dragon Diplodactylus damaeus Tympanocryptis tetraporophora
Edition 4th
40. Nullarbor Earless Dragon 48. Mesa Gecko Tympanocryptis houstoniSee 44. Clawless Gecko Diplodactylus galeatus Crenadactylus ocellatus
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109 49. Western Stone Gecko 53. Tessellated Gecko 57. Smooth Knob-tailed Gecko Diplodactylus granariensis Diplodactylus tessellatus Nephrurus levis
50. Patchwork Gecko 54. Eastern Stone Gecko 58. Barking Gecko Diplodactylus pulcher Diplodactylus vittatus Nephrurus milii
updates. 51. Map Gecko 55. Pernatty Knob-tailed Gecko 59. Starred Knob-tailed Gecko Diplodactylus steindachneri Nephrurus deleani for Nephrurus stellatus
% % Edition 4th
52. Sandplain Gecko 56. Pale Knob-tailed Gecko 60. Marbled Velvet Gecko Diplodactylus stenodactylusSee Nephrurus laevissimus Oedura marmorata
110 61. Beaked Gecko 65. Southern Spiny-tailed 69. Purple Dtella Rhynchoedura ornata Gecko Gehyra purpurascens
%%% %%% %%%% % %% %%%%% % %%%% %%% % % %% %% Strophurus intermedius %% %%% % % %% % %% %% %% %%% %%%%%%%% % %% % % %%% %%%%% %%% % %%%% % % %%%%% %%% %%% % %% % %%%% % %% %% %% %%%%%%%%%% % %%%%%% % % %%% %% %% %% % % % % % %% % % %%% % %% % %% %% % %%% %%%%%%%% % %%%%%%%%%% %% % % % % % % % % %
62. Thorn-tailed Gecko 70. Southern Rock Dtella Strophorus assimilis 66. Eastern Spiny-tailed Gecko Gehyra sp. 2n=24 Strophurus williamsi
%% % %%%%%% % %%%%%% %%% %%%%%% %%%% %%% % %%%%% %%%%%%%% % % %%%%%%%% %% % % %%% %% %%%%% %%%% % % % %% %%% % %%%%%%%%%%%% % %% %% %%%%% % %%%% %%% % %%%%%%% % % %%%% % %%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% % %%%%%% % %%%%%%%%%%% %%%% %% % %% %% % %% % % %%%% %%%%% % %%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% %%% %% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% % %%% %% %%%%%%%%%%%% % % % % %%% %% %%%%%%%%%%%% % % %%%%%%%%% %%%%% updates. 63. Northern Spiny-tailed 71. Tree Dtella Gecko Gehyra variegata 67. Marbled forGecko %%%%%%%%% % %%% %%% % %%%%%%%% % Strophurus ciliaris %%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%% % % %% % % %%% %% % % % %% %%%% %%%%%%%% %% %%% % % Christinus marmoratus % % %%% % % %% %%%% % %% %%% %% % % % % % % %% % %% %%%%%%% %%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %%%%% % % % % %%% %% %% %%%% % %% %%% %%% %%%%%%% %% % % % % % % %%% %% %%% %% %%%% % % %%%% % %%%% %%%%%% % % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% % %%%%% % %%% %%%%%%% %%%% %%% %%% % %%% %% % %% %%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % % %%%%%%%% %%% %%% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %% % % %%% %%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% % %%%%% %%%%% %%% % %% % % %%%% %%%%%%% %%%%%% % %% %%%%%% % % %%% %%%%%%% % % % % %%% %% % % % %% % %%%%% % %% % % % %% % %% %%% %%%%%%% %%% % % %%%% % %% % % % % %%%%% % % % % % %% % %% % %%% % % % % % % % % %% Edition %% % %% % % %% % % %% %% % 4th
72. Bynoe's Gecko Heteronotia binoei See 68. Central Rock Dtella 64. Jewelled Gecko Gehyra montium Strophurus elderi
111 73. Red-tailed Worm-lizard 77. Northern Snake-lizard 81. Olive Snake-lizard Aprasia inaurita Delma borea Delma inornata
74. Flinders Worm Lizard 78. Spinifex Snake-lizard Aprasia pseudopulchella 82. Adelaide Snake-lizard Delma butleri Delma molleri
updates. 75. Lined Worm-lizard Aprasia striolata 79. Fraser's Snake-lizardfor 83. Centralian Snake-lizard Delma fraseri Delma nasuta
Edition 4th
76. Barred Snake-lizard Delma australis See 80. Striped Snake-lizard 84. Black-necked Snake-lizard Delma impar Delma tincta
112 85. Burton's Legless Lizard 89. Hooded Scaly-foot 93. Desert Wall Skink Lialis burtonis Pygopus schraderi Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus
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94. Striped Wall Skink 86. Bronzeback Legless Lizard 90. Eastern Three-lined Skink Cryptoblepharus virgatus Ophidiocephalus taeniatus Bassiana duperreyi
updates. 95. Pin-striped Ctenotus 87. Common Scaly-foot 91. Western Three-lined Skink Ctenotus ariadnae Pygopus lepidopodus Bassiana trilineatafor
Edition 4th
96. Southern Spinifex Ctenotus 92. Desert Rainbow Skink Ctenotus atlas 88. Black-headed Scaly-foot Carlia triacantha Pygopus nigricepsSee
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113 97. Brown Ctenotus 101. Giant Desert Ctenotus 105. Common Desert Ctenotus Ctenotus brachyonyx Ctenotus grandis Ctenotus leonhardii
106. Saltbush Ctenotus 98. Sandhill Ctenotus 102. Greer’s Ctenotus Ctenotus olympicus Ctenotus brooksi Ctenotus greeri %%%% %% % % % % % %% % % %% %% %%%% % %%%% %%% % %%%%%% %%% % %%%% %%%% %%%% % % %%% % % %%% % % % % % % % % %%% %% % %% % %%%%%%%%%% % %%%% % %% % %% %%%%%% % % %%% %% % %%%%%%%% % %% %%%%% % % %%%% % %%%% % % %%% %%%%%%%% % % %% %%% %%% % %%%%%%% %%% %%% % % %% % %%% %%%%%%%% %% % % %% % % %%%% %% % %% % % % % %
updates. 99. Blue-tailed Skink 103. Blacksoil Ctenotus 107. Eastern Spotted Ctenotus Ctenotus calurus Ctenotus joanae for Ctenotus orientalis % %
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104. Centralian Coppertail 108. Leopard Skink 100. Narrow-lined Ctenotus Ctenotus pantherinus Ctenotus dux See Ctenotus leae
114 109. Paleface Ctenotus 113. Centralian Striped Skink 117. Spinifex Slender Ctenotus piankai Ctenotus saxatilis Bluetongue
%%% %%%% %%%% %%%%% %%%% Cyclodomorphus melanops %%%%%%%%%%%% % %% % %%%%% % %% % % % %%%%%% % %%%% %%% % %% % % %% %%%% % %% %%%%% % % %% %% %%%%%% % % %%%%
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114. Sandplain Ctenotus 118. Saltbush Slender 110. Many-lined Ctenotus Ctenotus schomburgkii Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus Bluetongue Cyclodomorphus venustus
updates.
115. Gibber Ctenotus 111. Eastern Desert Ctenotus Ctenotus septenariusfor Ctenotus regius 119. Swamp Skink Egernia coventryi
Edition 4th
See 116. Short-legged Ctenotus 112. Eastern Striped Skink Ctenotus strauchii Ctenotus robustus 120. Cunningham's Skink Egernia cunninghami
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115 121. Desert Skink 125. Western Tree Skink 129. Eastern Tree Skink Egernia inornata Egernia richardi Egernia striolata
122. Tjakura 126. Black-striped Desert Skink 130. White's Skink Egernia kintorei Egernia slateri Egernia whitii
updates.
123. Masked Rock Skink 127. Gidgee Skink 131. Narrow-banded Egernia margaretae Egernia stokesii for Sandswimmer Eremiascincus fasciolatus
Edition 4th
124. Bull Skink See 128. Night Skink Egernia multiscutata Egernia striata 132. Broad-banded Sandswimmer Eremiascincus richardsonii
116 133. Yellow-bellied Water 137. Western Earless Skink 141. Garden Skink Skink Hemiergis initialis Lampropholis guichenoti Eulamprus heatwolei
138. Rusty Earless Skink 142. Beach Slider 134. Eastern Water Skink Hemiergis millewae Lerista arenicola Eulamprus quoyii
updates. 143. Speckled Slider 139. Four-toed Earless Skink Lerista baynesi 135. Southern Water Skink Hemiergis peroniifor Eulamprus tympanum
Edition 4th
See 140. Delicate Skink 144. Western Two-toed Slider 136. Three-toed Earless Skink Lampropholis delicata Lerista bipes Hemiergis decresiensis
117 145. Bougainville's Skink 149. Myall Slider 153. Dwarf Three-toed Slider Lerista bougainvillii Lerista edwardsae Lerista muelleri
146. Great Desert Slider 150. Woomera Slider 154. Spotted Slider Lerista desertorum Lerista elongata Lerista punctatovittata
updates. 155. Musgrave Slider 146. Dwarf four-toed Slider 151. Eastern Two-toed Slider Lerista speciosa Lerista distinguenda Lerista labialis for
Edition 4th
148. Southern Four-toed Slider 156. Ribbon Slider Lerista dorsalis See 152. Long-legged Slider Lerista taeniata Lerista microtis
118 157. Southern Three-toed 161. Common Snake-eye 165. Desert Glossy Skink Slider Morethia boulengeri Notoscincus ornatus Lerista terdigitata
162. Butler's Snake-eye 166. Blacksoil Skink 158. Yellow-tailed Slider Morethia butleri Proablepharus kinghorni Lerisata xanthura
% %%
updates. 167. Silvereye Skink 159. Dwarf Skink 163. Mallee Snake-eye Proablepharus reginae Menetia greyii Morethia obscurafor
Edition 4th
168. Bight Coast Skink 164. Fire-tailed Skink Pseudemoia baudini 160. Adelaide Snake-eyeSee Morethia ruficauda Morethia adelaidensis
119 169. Southern Grass Skink 173. Centralian Bluetongue 177. Eastern Bluetongue Pseudemoia entrecasteausii Tiliqua multifasciata Tiliqua scincoides
170. Tussock Skink 174. Blotched Bluetongue 178. Short-tailed Pygmy Pseudemoia pagenstecheri Tiliqua nigrolutea Goanna Varanus brevicauda
updates. 171. Glossy Grass Skink 175. Western Bluetongue Pseudemoia rawlinsoni Tiliqua occipitalis for 179 Desert Pygmy Goanna Varanus eremius
Edition 4th
172. Pygmy Bluetongue 176. Sleepy Lizard Tiliqua adelaidensis See Tiliqua rugosa 180. Perentie Varanus giganteus
120 181. Pygmy Mulga Goanna 185. Tree Goanna 189. Common Death Adder Varanus gilleni Varanus varius Acanthophis antarcticus
182. Sand Goanna 186. Stimson's Python 190. Desert Death Adder Varanus gouldii Antaresia stimsoni Acanthophis pyrrhus
updates. 183. Heath Goanna 187. Woma 191. Pigmy Copperhead Varanus rosenbergi Aspidites ramsayifor Austrelaps labialis
Edition 4th
184. Black-headed GoannaSee 188. Carpet Python 192. Lowland Copperhead Varanus tristis Morelia spilota Austrelaps superbus
121 193. Yellow-faced Whipsnake 197. Masters’ Snake 201. Black Tiger Snake Demansia psammophis Drysdalia mastersii Notechis ater
194. Desert Whipsnake 198. Bardick 202. Eastern Tiger Snake Demansia reticulata Echiopsis curta Notechis scutatus
updates. 195. Channel Country 199. Red-naped Snake 203. Inland Taipan Whipsnake Furina diadema for Demansia sp. ‘Channel Country Oxyuranus microlepidotus Whipsnake’
Edition 4th
See 200. Moon Snake 204. Mulga Snake 196. White-lipped Snake Furina ornata Pseudechis australis Drysdalia coronoides
122 205. Red-bellied Black Snake 209. Five-ringed Snake 213. Coral Snake Pseudechis porphyriacus Pseudonaja modesta Simoselaps australis
210. Western Brown Snake 214. Desert Banded Snake 206. Dugite Pseudonaja nuchalis Simoselaps bertholdi Pseudonaja affinis
updates. 211. Eastern Brown Snake 215. Western Black-naped 207. Spotted Brown Snake Pseudonaja textilis Snake Pseudonaja guttata for Simoselaps bimaculatus % %%
%
% % Edition % % % % % %%%% % % %% % % % % % %%% % %%% % % %%%% % %% % % %% %%% % % % %%%% % %% % % %%%%%%%%%%%%% % %% % %%% % %%% %% % % % %% %% %% % %%% % %%%%%%% %%%%%%%%% % % % % %%%%%%%%%%% % % % %%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % %% %%%%%% %%%%%%%%% % % % %%%%%%% %% % % % %%%%%%%%%% % % % %%%%%% % % %%% %% % % %% % % 4th % % % %% %%% % %% %%% % % % %%% % % % %% % %% %% % See 212. Centralian Banded Snake 208 Peninsula Brown Snake Simoselaps anomalus 216. Narrow-banded Snake Pseudonaja inframacula Simoselaps fasciolatus
%%%%%%% % % % % % %% %%% %%%% %% %% %%% % % % %% %%% % % % %% % % %%%%% % %%% % % %% % %%% % %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% % %%%%%% % % %%%% %%% %%%%%%%%
123 217. Half-girdled Snake 221. Mallee Black-headed 225. Rough-nosed Blind Snake Simoselaps semifasciatus Snake Ramphotyphlops bituberculatus Suta spectabilis
218. Little Whip Snake 226. Centralian Blind Snake 222. Curl Snake Suta flagellum Ramphotyphlops endoterus Suta suta
updates. 219. Hooded Snake 223. Common Bandy-Bandy Suta monachus Vermicella annulatafor
Edition 4th
220. Mitchell's Short-tailed 224. Southern Blind Snake Snake See Ramphotyphlops australis Suta nigriceps
124 CLASS AMPHIBIA - Amphibians
ORDER ANURA - Frogs
FAMILY HYLIDAE - Tree frogs
1. Cyclorana cultripes Parker, 1940 Knife-footed Frog 2. Cyclorana maini Tyler & Martin,1977 Main's Frog 3. Cyclorana platycephala (Gunther, 1873) Water-holding Frog 4. Litoria caerulea (White, 1790) Green Tree Frog 5. Litoria ewingi (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) Brown Tree Frog 6. Litoria latopalmata Gunther, 1867 Broad-palmed Frog 7. Litoria peroni (Tschudi, 1838) Peron's Tree Frog 8. Litoria raniformis (Keferstein, 1867) Golden Bell Frog V 9. Litoria rubella (Gray, 1842) Red Tree Frog
FAMILY MYOBATRACHIDAE - Southern frogs
10. Crinia deserticola Liem & Ingram, 1977 Desert Froglet 11. Crinia parinsignifera (Main, 1957) Eastern Sign Bearing Froglet updates. 12. Crinia riparia (Littlejohn & Main, 1965) Streambank Froglet 13. Crinia signifera (Girard, 1853) Common Froglet for 14. Geocrinia laevis (Gunther, 1864) Smooth Frog R 15. Limnodynastes dumerili Peters, 1863 Bull Frog 16. Limnodynastes fletcheri Boulenger, 1888 Long-thumbed Frog 17. Limnodynastes peroni (Dumeril & Bibron, 1841) Striped Marsh Frog 18. Limnodynastes spenceri Parker, 1940 Spencer's Burrowing Frog 19. Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Gunther, 1858 Spotted Grass Frog 20. Neobatrachus centralis (Parker, 1940) TrillingEdition Frog 21. Neobatrachus pictus Peters, 1863 Painted Frog 22. Neobatrachus sudelli (Lamb, 1911) Sudell's Frog 23. Neobatrachus sutor Main, 1957 4thShoemaker Frog 24. Pseudophryne bibroni Gunther, 1858 Brown Toadlet 25. Pseudophryne occidentalis Parker, 1940 Orange-crowned Toadlet 26. Pseudophryne semimarmorata Lucas, 1892 Marbled Toadlet 27. Uperoleia capitulata Davies,See McDonald & Corbin, 1986 Small-headed Toadlet
125 1. Knife-footed Frog 5. Brown Tree Frog 9. Red Tree Frog Cyclorana cultripes Litoria ewingii Litoria rubella
2. Main’s Frog 6. Broad-palmed Tree Frog 10. Desert Froglet Cyclorana maini Litoria latopalmata Crinia deserticola
updates. for
3. Water-holding Frog 7. Peron's Tree Frog 11. Eastern Sign-bearing Froglet Cyclorana platycephala Litoria peroni Crinia parinsignifera Edition 4th
See
4. Green Tree Frog 8. Golden Bell Frog 12. Streambank Froglet Litoria caerulea Litoria raniformis Crinia riparia
126 13. Brown Froglet 17. Striped Marsh Frog 21. Meeowing Frog Crinia signifera Limnodynastes peroni Neobatrachus pictus
14. Smooth Frog 18. Spencer’s Burrowing frog 22. Sudell’s Frog Geocrinia laevis Limnodynastes spenceri Neobatrachus sudelli
updates. for 15. Bull Frog 19. Marbled Frog 23. Shoemaker Frog Limnodynastes dumerili Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Neobatrachus sutor
Edition 4th
See 16. Long-thumbed Frog 20. Trilling Frog 24. Brown Toadlet Limnodynastes fletcheri Neobatrachus centralis Pseudophryne bibronii
127 25. Orange-crowned Toadlet Pseudophryne occidentalis
26. Marbled Toadlet Pseudophryne semimarmorata
updates. for 27. Small-headed Toadlet Uperoleia capitulata
Edition 4th
See
128 A List of the Vertebrates of South Australia ______Freshwater Fishes ______
Compiled by T. Sim, Collection Manager, Fishes South Australian Museum, North Terrace, ADELAIDE 5000
The following list comprises all species of freshwater Two classes are represented in South Australia: fish reliably recorded as free living forms from South Cephalaspidomorpha and Osteichthyes. Within these Australia during the period of European settlement. classes, orders, families, genera and species are listed ‘Freshwater fishes’ are here regarded as those species alphabetically that necessarily spend all or part of their life cycles in non-marine inland waters. The list therefore excludes The list of South Australian Freshwater fishes shows those essentially marine species which occasionally the following statistical composition. Figures in venture into fresh water. brackets show numbers of introduced families and species.
Class Common Name Number of Number of families species Cephalaspidomorpha Jawless Cartilaginous Fishes 1 2 Osteichthyes Bony Fishes 20(3) 63(9) Totals 21(3) 65 (9)
The conservation status of South Australian freshwater fish is shown in the table below:
Class Common Name Total EX E V R Species Cephalaspidomorpha Jawless Cartilaginous Fishes 2 Osteichthyes Bony Fishes 63(9) 3 2 3 3 Totals 65(9) 3 2 3 3
Distributions are indicated in terms of environmental distributions include non-breeding populations that are provinces (Fig. 1) rather than as grid maps as for the maintained only by regular re-introductions. rest of the sections of this list, as suitable computerised The given terrestrial environmental provinces have distribution data is not yet available for the freshwater been transcribed from occurrences recorded in drainage fishes. Some species found in provinces 1, 2, 3 and 4 divisions (Glover, 1982 and unpublished data). may also occur in adjacent coastal and/or gulf waters as Drainage divisions are more natural provinces for well as inland waters because their life cycles normally plotting and describing fish occurrences, but the involve both freshwater and marine phases. For the drainage divisions almost correspond with the purposes of this listing, Province 4 has been divided environmental provinces recognised for South into two sub-regions: 4a refers to Eyre Peninsula, 4b to Australia. that part of the province east of Spencer Gulf (including the Adelaide Plains). A province in brackets Occurrence of a species in any one province may not be indicates that there is no museum record, but the widespread and in fact may be based on only one or species is recorded from there. two records, especially for introduced species. Furthermore, in at least one instance (Salvelinus On present evidence, four species are believed to be frontalis), the recorded occurrence is no longer present endemic to South Australia and these are indicated in and most, if not all occurrences of salmonid fishes the list evidently do not represent self-sustaining breeding populations A # sign alongside a particular region indicates that recorded occurrences there are only from artificial Common names used and conservation status are from habitats (reservoirs, dams or tanks). Reported but The Action Plan for Australian Freshwater Fish (Wager unsubstantiated occurrences are accompanied by a ?. and Jackson 1993). With respect to Rainbow and Brown Trout, References which have been consulted in the preparation of this listing are cited below.
REFERENCES
Allen, G. R. (1989) Freshwater Fishes of Australia. Glover, C. J. M. (1989). Fishes. In: Zeidler, W. and TFH Publications Ponder, W. F. (eds) Natural History of the Cadwallader, P. L. and Backhouse, G. N. (1983). A Dalhousie Springs. pp89-111. South Guide to the Freshwater Fish of Victoria. Australian Museum, Adelaide. Victoria Government Printing Office, Glover, C. J. M. and Olsen, A. M. (1985). Fish and Melbourne major fisheries. In: Twidale, C. R. , Tyler, M. Glover, C. J. M. (1979). Fishes. In: Tyler, M. J., J. and Davies, M. (eds) Natural History of Twidale, C. R. and Ling, J. K. (eds) Natural Eyre Peninsula. pp 169-181. Royal Society of History of Kangaroo Island. pp 139-153. South Australia. Royal Society of South Australia, Adelaide. McCulloch, A. R. (1929-30) A check-list of the fishes Glover, C. J. M. (1982). A checklist of freshwater recorded from Australia. Australian Museum fishes (Pteromyzones, Teleostomi) recorded in Memoirs 5, i-x and 1-534. South Australian inland waters. South McDowell, R. M. (ed.) (1970). FreshwaterFishes of Australian Museum Information Leaflet No South-eastern Australia. A. H. and A.W. Reed 71. South Australian Museum, Adelaide. Pty Ltd, Sydney. Glover, C. J. M. (1983). Freshwater and marine fishes Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allen, G. R. and Hanley, J. In: Tyler, M. J., Twidale, C. R., Ling, J. K. E. (1989) Zoological Catalogue of Australia 7 and Holmes, J. W. (eds) Natural History of Pisces Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. the South East pp 157-167. Royal Society of Australian Government Publishing Service South Australia. Scott, T. D., Glover, C. J. M. and Southcott, R. V. Glover, C. J. M. (1985). Additions to the fish fauna of (1974). The Marine and Freshwater Fishes of South Australia. Transactions of the Royal South Australia (Second Edition). Society of South Australia 109, 59-60. Government Printer, Adelaide. Glover, C. J. M. (1987). Threatened fish species in Wager, R and Jackson, P (1993) The Action Plan for South Australia. In: Harris, J. H. (ed.) Australian Freshwater Fish. Australian Nature Proccedings of a Cconference on Australian Conservation Agency, Canberra. threatened fishes. pp55-58. Division of Waite, E. R. (1923). The Fishes of South Australia. Fisheries, Department of Agriculture, Sydney. Government Printer, Adelaide.
130 Figure 1. Environmental Provinces of South Australia: 1-South East, 2-Murray Mallee, 3-Mt Lofty Block, 4-Eyre and Yorke Peninsulas and Adelaide Plains, 5-Eastern Pastoral, 6-Flinders Ranges, 7-Western Pastoral, 8-Northern Arid.
131 CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHA - Jawless cartilaginous fishes
ORDER PETROMYZONTIFORMES - Lampreys
FAMILY PETROMYZONTIDAE - Lampreys
1. Geotria australis Gray, 1851 Pouched Lamprey (1), 2, 3, 4b 2. Mordacia mordax (Richardson, 1846) Short-headed Lamprey (1), 2, 3, 4b CLASS OSTEICHTHYES - Bony Fishes
ORDER ANGUILLIFORMES
FAMILY ANGUILLIDAE - Freshwater eels
3. Anguilla australis Richardson, 1841 Short-finned Eel (1), 2,3 ORDER ATHERINIFORMES
FAMILY - ATHERINIDAE Hardyheads or silversides
4. Atherinosoma microstoma (Gunther, 1861) Smallmouth Hardyhead 1, 2, (3), 4a, 4b 5. Craterocephalus dalhousiensis Ivantsoff & Glover, 1974 Dalhousie Hardyhead 8 R (Endemic) 6. Craterocephalus eyresii (Steindachner, 1884) Lake Eyre Hardyhead 6, 8 7. Craterocephalus fluviatilis McCulloch, 1913 Murray Hardyhead 2 8. Craterocephalus gloveri Crowley & Ivantsoff 1990 Glover’s Hardyhead 8 (Endemic) 9. Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum (Gunther, 1867) Fly-specked Hardyhead
FAMILY MELANOTAENIDAE - Rainbow fishes
10. Melanotaenia fluviatilis (Castelnau,1878) Crimson-spotted Rainbow Fish 2 11. Melanotaenia splendida (Peters, 1867) Desert Rainbow Fish 8 South Australian form M. s tatei FAMILY POECILIIDAE - Live bearers
12. *Gambusia holbrooki Girard,1859 Eastern Gambusia 1, 2, 3, 4b, 5, 6, 7, 8 ORDER CLUPEIFORMES
FAMILY CLUPEIDAE - Bony Bream, herrings, pilchards and sprats
13. Nematalosa erebi (Gunther, 1868) Bony Bream 2, 6, 8
132 ORDER CYPRINIFORMES
FAMILY CYPRINIDAE - Carps and allies
14. *Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) Goldfish 1, 2, 3, 4a#, 4b, 7#, 8 15. *Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 European Carp 2, 3, 4b, 6, 8# 16. *Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758) Tench 2, (3), 4b ORDER PERCIFORMES
FAMILY AMBASSIDAE - Chanda perches and allies
16. Ambassis agassizi Steindachner,1866 Agassiz’s Perchlet (Western Chanda Perch) 2 E 17. Ambassis mulleri Klunzinger, 1880 Mueller’s Perchlet 8
FAMILY BOVICHTHYIDAE - Temperate icefishes
18. Pseudaphritis urvilli (Valenciennes, 1831) Congolli 1, 2, 3, 4 Although regarded as a primarily marine species, this fish nevertheless very commonly enters freshwater which may therefore be an essential phase of its lifecycle.
FAMILY ELEOTRIDAE - Gudgeons
19. Hypseleotris klunzingeri (Ogilby, 1898) Western Carp Gudgeon 1, 2, 4, 8 20. Hypseleotris sp A (undescribed species) Midgley’s Carp Gudgeon 2, 8 21. Hypseleotris sp B (undescribed species) Lake’s Carp Gudgeon 2, 8 22. Mogurnda adspersa (Castelnau, 1878) Purple-Spotted Gudgeon 2, 3, 4b E 23. Mogurnda mogurnda (Richardson, 1844) Northern Trout Gudgeon (Northern Chequered Gudgeon, Purple- spotted Gudgeon) 8 24. Morgurnda clivicola Jenkins & Allen, (in press) Flinders Ranges Purple-spotted Gudgeon 6 (Endemic) 26. Morgurnda thermophila Jenkins & Allen, (in press) Dalhousie Purple-spotted Gudgeon 8 (Endemic) 27. Philypnodon grandiceps (Krefft, 1864) Big-headed Gudgeon 1, 2, 3 28. Philypnodon sp 2 (undescribed species) Dwarf Flathead Gudgeon 2
FAMILY GADOPSIDAE - River Blackfish
29. Gadopsis marmoratus Richardson, 1848 River Blackfish 1, 2, 3, (4b)
FAMILY GOBIIDAE - Gobies
30. Chlamydogobius eremius (Zietz, 1896) Desert Goby 6, 8 31. Chlamydogobius gloveri Larson, 1995 Dalhousie Goby 8 (Endemic) 32. Favonigobius tamarensis (Johnston, 1883) Tamar River Goby 2, 3, 4b 33. Pseudogobius olorum (Sauvage, 1880) Swan River Goby 2, 3, 4a, 4b
FAMILY KUHLIIDAE - Pygmy Perches
34. Nannoperca australis Gunther, 1862 Southern Pygmy Perch 1, 2, 3 35. Nannoperca obscura (Klunzinger, 1872) Yarra Pygmy Perch 1 VU, V 36. Nannoperca variegata Kuiter & Allen,1986 Ewen’s Pygmy Perch (Variegated Pygmy Perch) 1 VU, R
FAMILY PERCICHTHYIDAE - Australian freshwater basses, cods
37. Maccullochella macquariensis (Cuvier,1829) Trout Cod 2 EN, EX 38. Maccullochella peeli (Mitchell, 1839) Murray Cod 2 V 39. Macquaria ambigua (Richardson, 1845) Callop (2) 133 40. Macquaria australasica Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1839 Macquarie Perch 2, EX 41. Macquaria colonorum (Gunther, 1863) Estuary Perch 2 42. Macquaria sp A (undescribed species) Lake Eyre Golden Perch 8
FAMILY PERCIDAE True perches
43. *Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 Redfin Perch 1, 2, 3, 4a#, 4b, 5#?, 6
FAMILY TERAPONTIDAE - Freshwater Grunters or Terapon Perch
44. Amniataba percoides (Gunther, 1864) Barred Grunter (Black-striped Grunter) 8 45. Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell, 1838) Silver Perch 2 46. Bidyanus sp (undescribed species) Cooper Grunter 8 47. Bidyanus welchi (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) Welch's Grunter 8 48. Leiopotherapon unicolor (Gunther, 1859) Spangled Perch 2, 8, 6 49. Scortum barcoo (McCulloch & Waite, 1917) Barcoo Grunter 8 ORDER SALMONIFORMES
FAMILY GALAXIIDAE – Galaxiids (jollytails), minnows, native trouts
50. Galaxias brevipinnis Gunther, 1855 Climbing Galaxias 2, 3, 4b 51. Galaxias maculatus (Jenyns, 1842) Common Jollytail 1, 2, 3, 4a, 4b 52. Galaxias olidus Gunther, 1866 Mountain Galaxias (1), 2, 3, 4b 53. Galaxias rostratus Klunzinger, 1872 Murray Jollytail (2) V 54. Galaxiella pusilla (Mack, 1936) Dwarf Galaxias 1 VU
FAMILY PROTOTROCTIDAE - Grayling
55. Prototroctes maraena Gunther, 1864 Australian Grayling (1) VU, R
FAMILY RETROPINNIDAE - Smelt
56. Retropinna semoni (Weber, 1895) Australian Smelt 2, 6, 8
FAMILY SALMONIDAE Salmon and trout
57. *Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) Rainbow Trout (1), 2, 3, (4a#), (4b), (6?), (7#?), (8#?) 58. *Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758 Brown Trout (1), 2, 3, (4b) 59. *Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1778 Atlantic Salmon 2 60. *Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1815) Brook Trout (3) EX ORDER SILURIFORMES
FAMILY PLOTOSIDAE - Eel-tailed Catfishes
61. Neosilurus hyrtlii Steindachner, 1867 Hyrtl's Tandan 8 62. Neosilurus gloveri Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Glover’s Catfish 8 (Endemic) 63. Neosiluroides cooperensis Allen & Feinberg, 1998 Cooper Creek Tandan 8 64. Porochilus argenteus (Zeitz, 1896) Silver Tandan 8 65 Tandanus tandanus Mitchell, 1838 Freshwater Catfish 1, 2, 4b V
134 INDEX ______
Current Scientific and common names are shown in bold italics and bold normal type respectively. Alternative common names and scientific names from the previous edition of this list (Watts, 1990) are shown in normal type
Acanthagenys rufogularis 78 Anhinga melanogaster 43 Bandicoot, Short-nosed = Southern Acanthiza apicalis 78 Anseranas semipalmata 40 Brown Bandicoot 17 Acanthiza chrysorrhoa 78 Antaresia stimsoni 105 Bandicoot, Southern Brown 17 Acanthiza iredalei 78 Antechinomys laniger 17 Bandicoot, Western Barred 17 Acanthiza lineata 78 Antechinus flavipes 16 Bandy Bandy, Common 105 Acanthiza nana 78 Antechinus minimus 16 Bardick 105 Acanthiza pusilla 78 Antechinus , Swamp 16 Berardius arnouxii 22 Acanthiza reguloides 78 Antechinus,Yellow-footed 16 Barnardius zonarius 48 Acanthiza robustirostris 78 Anthochaera carunculata 78 Bassiana duperreyi 103 Acanthiza uropygialis 78 Anthochaera chrysoptera 78 Bassiana trilineata 103 Acanthophis antarcticus 105 Anthus novaeseelandiae 82 Bat, Chocolate Wattled 20 Acanthophis pyrrhus 105 Aphelocephala leucopsis 78 Bat, Finlayson’s Cave 20 Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris 78 Aphelocephala nigricincta 78 Bat, Ghost 19 Accipiter cirrhocephalus 44 Aphelocephala pectoralis 78 Bat, Gould’s Long-eared 20 Accipiter fasciatus 44 Apostlebird 81 Bat, Gould’s Wattled 20 Accipiter novaehollandiae 44 Aprasia inaurita 102 Bat, Greater Long-eared 20 Acridotheres tristis 83 Aprasia pseudopulchella 102 Bat, Hill’s Sheathtail 19 Acrobates pygmaeus 19 Aprasia striolata 102 Bat, Inland Broad-nosed 20 Acrocephalus australis 82 Aprosmictus erythropterus 48 Bat, Inland Forest 20 Acrocephalus stentoreus see Aptenodytes patagonicus 41 Bat, Large Bentwing 20 Acrocephalus australis 82 Apus affinus 50 Bat, Large Forest 20 Actitis hypoleucos 45 Apus pacificus 50 Bat, Little Forest 20 Aegintha temporalis = Neochimia Aquila audax 44 Bat, Lesser Long-eared 20 temporalis 82 Arctocephalus forsteri 20 Bat, Little Broad-nosed 20 Aegotheles cristatus 50 Arctocephalus tropicalis 20 Bat, Little Pied 20 Agapornis roseicollis 83 Arctocephalus pusillus 20 Bat, Southern Forest 20 Alauda arvensis 82 Ardea alba 43 Bat, Yellow-bellied Sheathtail 19 Albatross, Black-browed 42 Ardea garzetta = Egretta garzetta 43 Bee-eater, Rainbow 50 Albatross, Buller’s 42 Ardea ibis 43 Bellbird, Crested 80 Albatross , Grey-headed 42 Ardea intermedia 43 Bettong, Brush-tailed 18 Albatross, Light-mantled Sooty 42 Ardea novaehollandiae = Egretta Bettong, Burrowing 18 Albatross, Northern Royal 42 novaehollandiae 43 Bettongia lesueur 18 Albatross, Royal 42 Ardea pacifica 43 Bettongia penicillata 18 Albatross, Shy 42 Ardea picata 43 Bidyanus bidyanus 134 Albatross, Sooty 42 Ardea sacra = Egretta sacra 43 Bidyanus sp. 134 Albatross, Wandering 42 Arenaria interpres 46 Bidyanus welchi 134 Albatross, Yellow-nosed 42 Artamus cinereus 80 Bilby 17 Alcedo azurea 50 Artamus cyanopterus 80 Bilby, Greater 17 Alectura lathami 40 Artamus leucorhynchus 80 Bilby, Lesser 17 Ambassis agassizi 133 Artamus minor 80 Bishop, Red 83 Ambassis mulleri 133 Artamus personatus 80 Bittern, Australasian 43 Amniataba percoides 134 Artamus superciliosus 80 Bittern, Brown = Australasian Amphibolurus gilberti 101 Ashbyia lovensis 79 Bittern 43 Amphibolurus longirostris 101 Aspidites ramsayi 105 Bittern, Little 43 Amphibolurus muricatus 101 Atherinosoma microstoma 132 Biziura lobata 40 Amphibolurus nobbi 101 Austrelaps sp. = Austrelaps labialis Blackbird, Common = Eurasian Amphibolurus norrisi 101 105 Blackbird 81 Amytornis barbatus 77 Austrelaps labialis 105 Blackbird, Eurasian 81 Amytornis goyderi 77 Austrelaps superbus 105 Black-Cockatoo, Glossy 48 Amytornis merrotsyi 77 Avocet, Red-necked 46 Black-Cockatoo, Red-tailed 48 Amytornis purnelli 77 Aythya australis 41 Black-Cockatoo, Yellow-tailed 48 Amytornis striatus 77 Balaenoptera acutorostrata 21 Blackfish, River 133 Amytornis textilis 77 Balaenoptera borealis 21 Bluetongue, Blotched 104 Anas castanea 41 Balaenoptera edeni 21 Bluetongue, Centralian 104 Anas clypeata 41 Balaenoptera musculus 21 Bluetongue, Eastern 104 Anas gracilis 41 Balaenoptera physalus 21 Bluetongue, Pygmy 104 Anas platyrhynchos 41 Bandicoot, Desert 17 Bluetongue, Saltbush Slender 103 Anas querquedula 41 Bandicoot, Eastern Barred 17 Bluetongue, Spinifex Slender 103 Anas rhynchotis 41 Bandicoot, Golden 17 Bluetongue, Western 104 Anas superciliosa 41 Bandicoot, Pig-footed 17 Boobook, Southern 49 Anguilla australis 132 Bos taurus 22 135 Botaurus poiciloptilus 43 Catfish, Freshwater 134 Cockatiel 48 Bowerbird, Spotted 81 Catfish, Glover’s 134 Cockatoo, Gang Gang 48 Bowerbird, Western 81 Catharacta antarctica = Catharacta Cockatoo, Major Mitchell’s 48 Bream, Bony 132 skua 47 Cockatoo, Pink = Major Mitchell’s Bristlebird, Rufous 78 Catheracta skua 47 Cockatoo 48 Brolga 44 Catheracta maccormicki 47 Cockatoo, Sulphur-crested 48 Bronze-Cuckoo, Horsfield’s 49 Cattle 22 Cod, Murray 133 Bronze-Cuckoo, Shining 49 Cattle, European 22 Cod, Trout 133 Bronzewing, Brush 48 Cercartetus concinnus 18 Columba livia 47 Bronzewing, Common 48 Cercartetus lepidus 18 Colluricincla harmonica 80 Bronzewing, Flock 48 Cercartetus nanus 18 Congolli 133 Brumby 22 Cereopsis novaehollandiae 41 Copperhead, Lowland 105 Brush-turkey, Australian 40 Cervus dama 22 Copperhead, Pygmy 105 Bubulcus ibis = Ardea ibis 43 Cervus elaphus 22 Coppertail, Centralian 103 Bulbul, Red-whiskered 83 Certhionyx niger 78 Coracina novaehollandiae 80 Burhinus grallarius 46 Certhionyx variegatus 78 Coracina maxima 80 Bushlark, Horsfield’s 82 Ceyx azureus = Alcedo azurea 50 Coracina papuensis 80 Bushlark, Singing = Horsfield’s Chaeropus ecaudatus 17 Coracina tenuirostris 80 Bushlark 82 Chalinolobus gouldii 20 Cormobates leucophaea = Butcherbird, Grey 80 Chalinolobus morio 20 Cormobates leucophaeus 77 Butcherbird, Pied 80 Chalinolobus picatus 20 Cormobates leucophaeus 77 Button-quail, Little 45 Charadrius australis 46 Cormorant, Black = Great Button-quail, Painted 45 Charadrius bicinctus 46 Cormorant 43 Button-quail, Red-chested 45 Charadrius dubius 46 Cormorant, Black-faced 43 Buzzard, Black-breasted 44 Charadrius hiaticula 46 Cormorant, Great 43 Cacatua galerita 48 Charadrius leschenaultii 46 Cormorant, Little Black 43 Cacatua leadbeateri 48 Charadrius mongolus 46 Cormorant, Little Pied 43 Cacatua roseicapilla 48 Charadrius rubricollis = Thinornis Cormorant, Pied 43 Cacatua sanguinea 48 rubricollis 47 Conilurus albipes 23 Cacatua tenuirostris 48 Charadrius ruficapillus 46 Conopophila whitei 78 Cacomantis flabelliformis 49 Charadrius veredus 47 Corella, Little 48 Cacomantis variolosus 49 Chat, Crimson 79 Corella, Long-billed 48 Calamanthus campestris 78 Chat, Orange 79 Corcorax melanorhamphos 81 Calamanthus cautus 78 Chat, White-fronted 79 Corvus bennetti 81 Calamanthus fuliginosus 78 Chat, Yellow 79 Corvus coronoides 81 Calamanthus pyrrhopygius 78 Chelodina expansa 101 Corvus mellori 81 Calidris acuminata 46 Chelodina longicollis 101 Coprvus orru 81 Calidris alba 46 Chelonia mydas 101 Corvus tasmanicus 81 Calidris bairdii 46 Chenonetta jubata 41 Coturnix chinensis 40 Calidris canutus 46 Cheramoeca leucosternus 81 Coturnix novaezelandiae see Calidris ferruginea 46 Chlamydera guttata 81 Coturnix pectoralis 40 Calidris fuscicollis 46 Chlamydera maculata 81 Coturnix pectoralis 40 Calidris melanotos 46 Chlamydogobius eremius 133 Coturnix ypsilophora 40 Calidris minuta 46 Chlamydogobius gloveri 133 Cracticus nigrogularis 80 Calidris paramelanotos 46 Chlamydogobius sp. 2 = Cracticus torquatus 80 Calidris ruficollis 46 Chlamydogobius gloveri 133 Crake, Australian Spotted 45 Calidris subminuta 46 Chlidonias hybridus 47 Crake, Baillon’s 45 Calidris tenuirostris 46 Chlidonias leucopterus 47 Crake, Marsh = Baillon’s Crake 45 Callop 134 Chough, White-winged 81 Crake, Spotless 45 Caloprymnus campestris 18 Christinus marmoratus 102 Craterocephalus dalhousiensis 132 Calyptorhynchus banksii 48 Chrysococcyx basalis 49 Craterocephalus eyresii 132 Calyptorhynchus funereus 48 Chrysococcyx lucidus 49 Craterocephalus fluviatilis 132 Calyptorhynchus lathami 48 Chrysococcyx osculans 49 Craterocephalus gloveri 132 Callocephalon fimbriatum 48 Cicadabird 81 Craterocephalus sp. 5 = Camel, One-humped 22 Cinclosoma alisteri now part of Craterocephalus gloveri 132 Camel, Arabian = One-humped Cinclosoma cinnamomeum 79 Craterocephalus stercusmuscarum Camel 22 Cinclosoma castanotus 79 132 Camelus dromedarius 22 Cinclosoma cinnamomeum 79 Crenadactylus ocellatus 102 Canis lupus 20 Cinclosoma punctatum 80 Crinia deserticola 125 Caperea marginata 21 Cincloramphus cruralis 82 Crinia parinsignifera 125 Capra hircus 22 Cincloramphus mathewsi 82 Crinia riparia 125 Carassius auratus 133 Circus approximans 44 Crinia signifera 125 Carduelis carduelis 83 Circus assimilis 44 Crow, Australian = Torresian Crow Carduelis chloris 83 Cisticola exilis 82 81 Caretta caretta 101 Cisticola, Golden-headed 82 Crow, Little 81 Carlia triacantha 103 Cladorhynchus leucocephalus 46 Crow, Torresian 81 Carp, European 133 Climacteris affinis 77 Cryptoblepharus carnabyi = Cat 20 Climacteris picumnus 77 Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus Cat, Feral = Cat 20 Climacteris rufa 77 103 136 Cryptoblepharus plagiocephalus Cuckoo-shrike, Ground 80 Diplodactylus galeatus 102 103 Cuckoo-shrike, White-bellied 80 Diplodactylus granariensis 102 Cryptoblepharus virgatus 103 Cuculus pallidus 49 Diplodactylus intermedius = Ctenophorus clayi 101 Cuculus saturatus 49 Strophurus intermedius 102 Ctenophorus cristatus 101 Curlew, Eastern 45 Diplodactylus pulcher 102 Ctenophorus decresii 101 Curlew, Little 45 Diplodactylus steindachneri 102 Ctenophorus fionni 101 Currawong, Grey 80 Diplodactylus stenodactylus 102 Ctenophorus fordi 101 Cyclodomorphus melanops 103 Diplodactylus tesselatus 102 Ctenophorus gibba 101 Cyclodomorphus venustus 103 Diplodactylus vittatus 102 Ctenophorus isolepis 101 Cyclorana cultripes 125 Diporiphora linga 101 Ctenophorus maculatus 101 Cyclorana maini 125 Diporiphora winneckei 101 Ctenophorus maculosus 101 Cyclorana platycephala 125 Diving-Petrel, Common 42 Ctenophorus mckenzei 101 Cygnus atratus 41 Diving-Petrel, South Georgian 42 Ctenophorus nuchalis 101 Cyprinus carpio 133 Dog 20 Ctenophorus pictus 101 Dacelo novaeguineae 50 Dollarbird 50 Ctenophorus reticulatus 101 Daphoenositta chrysoptera 80 Dolphin, Bottlenose 21 Ctenophorus rufescens 101 Daption capense 41 Dolphin, Common 21 Ctenophorus salinarum 101 Darter 43 Dolphin, Dusky 21 Ctenophorus scutulatus deleted Dasycercus byrnei 16 Dolphin, Risso’s 21 Ctenophorus tjantjalka 101 Dasycercus cristicauda 16 Donkey 22 Ctenophorus vadnappa 101 Dasyornis broadbenti 78 Donkey, Feral = Donkey 22 Ctenotus ariadnae 103 Dasyuroides byrnei = Dasycercus Dotterel, Black-fronted 47 Ctenotus atlas 103 byrnei 16 Dotterel, Double-banded = Double- Ctenotus, Blacksoil 103 Dasyurus geoffroii 16 banded Plover 46 Ctenotus brachyonyx 103 Dasyurus maculatus 16 Dotterel, Hooded = Hooded Plover Ctenotus brooksi 103 Dasyurus viverrinus 16 47 Ctenotus, Brown 103 Death Adder, Common 105 Dotterel, Inland 46 Ctenotus calurus 103 Death Adder, Desert 105 Dotterel, Mongolian = Lesser Sand Ctenotus, Common Desert 103 Deer, Fallow 22 Plover 46 Ctenotus dux 103 Deer, Red 22 Dotterel, Oriental = Oriental Plover Ctenotus, Eastern Desert 103 Delma australis 102 47 Ctenotus, Eastern Spotted 103 Delma borea 102 Dotterel, Red-capped = Red-capped Ctenotus, Giant Desert 103 Delma butleri 102 Plover 46 Ctenotus, Gibber 103 Delma fraseri 102 Dotterel, Red-kneed 46 Ctenotus grandis 103 Delma haroldi = Delma butleri 102 Dove, Barbary = Ringed Turtle- Ctenotus, Greer’s 103 Delma impar 102 Dove 48 Ctenotus greeri 103 Delma inornata 102 Dove, Diamond 47 Ctenotus joanae 103 Delma molleri 102 Dove, Peaceful 48 Ctenotus leae 103 Delma nasuta 103 Dove, Rock 47 Ctenotus leonhardii 103 Delma tincta 103 Dragon, Black-collared 101 Ctenotus, Many-lined 103 Delphinus delphis 21 Dragon, Canegrass 101 Ctenotus, Narrow-lined 103 Demansia psammophis 105 Dragon, Central Bearded 102 Ctenotus olympicus 103 Demansia reticulata 105 Dragon, Central Netted 101 Ctenotus uber deleted Demansia sp. ‘Channel Country Dragon, Centralian Earless 102 Ctenotus, Paleface 103 Whipsnake’ 105 Dragon, Claypan 101 Ctenotus pantherinus 103 Dendrocygna eytoni 40 Dragon, Crested 101 Ctenotus piankai 103 Dermochelys coriacea 101 Dragon, Dwarf Bearded 101 Ctenotus, Pin-striped 103 Devil, Thorny 102 Dragon, Eastern Bearded 101 Ctenotus quattuordecimlineatus 103 Dicaeum hirundinaceum 82 Dragon, Eastern Water 101 Ctenotus regius 103 Dicrurus bracteatus 80 Dragon, Eyrean Earless 102 Ctenotus robustus 103 Dicrurus megarhynchus see Dicrurus Dragon, Five-lined Earless 102 Ctenotus, Saltbush 103 bracteatus 80 Dragon, Gibber 101 Ctenotus, Sandhill 103 Diomedea bulleri 42 Dragon, Gilbert’s 101 Ctenotus, Sandplain 103 Diomedea cauta 42 Dragon, Lake Eyre 101 Ctenotus saxatilis 103 Diomedea chlorohynchos 42 Dragon, Linga 101 Ctenotus schomburgkii 103 Diomedea chrysostoma 42 Dragon, Long-nosed 101 Ctenotus septenarius 103 Diomedea epomophora 42 Dragon, Losenge-marked deleted Ctenotus, Short-legged 103 Diomedea exulans 42 Dragon, Mallee 101 Ctenotus, Southern Spinifex 103 Diomedea fusca 42 Dragon, McKenzie’s 101 Ctenotus, Spotted 103 Diomedea melanophris 42 Dragon, Military 101 Ctenotus strauchii 103 Diomedea palpebrata 42 Dragon, Nobbi 101 Ctenotus orientalis 103 Dingo 20 Dragon, Nullarbor Bearded 102 Cuckoo, Black-eared 49 Diplodactylus byrnei 102 Dragon, Nullarbor Earless 102 Cuckoo, Brush 49 Diplodactylus ciliaris = Strophurus Dragon, Ochre 101 Cuckoo, Channel-billed 49 ciliaris 102 Dragon, Painted 101 Cuckoo, Fan-tailed 49 Diplodactylus conspicillatus 102 Dragon, Pebble 102 Cuckoo, Oriental Diplodactylus damaeus 102 Dragon, Prickly 102 Cuckoo, Pallid 49 Diplodactylus elderi = Strophurus Dragon, Peninsula 101 Cuckoo-shrike, Black-faced 80 elderi 102 Dragon, Red-barred 101 137 Dragon, Rusty 101 Egret, Plumed = Intermediate Falco subniger 44 Dragon, Smooth-snouted Earless Egret 43 Falcon, Black 44 102 Egret, White = Great Egret 43 Falcon, Brown 44 Dragon, Spotted 101 Egretta garzetta 43 Falcon, Grey 44 Dragon, Tawny 101 Egretta novaehollandiae 43 Falcon, Little = Australian Hobby Dragon, Western Netted 101 Egretta sacra 43 44 Dromaius baudinianus 40 Elanus axillaris 44 Falcon, Peregrine 44 Dromaius novaehollandiae 40 Elanus caeruleus see Elanus Falcunculus frontatus 80 Dromedary = One-humped Camel axillaris 44 Falsistrelle, Eastern 20 22 Elanus scriptus 44 Falsistrellus tasmaniensis 20 Drongo, Spangled 80 Elseyornis melanops 47 Fantail, Grey 80 Drymodes brunneopygia 79 Emblema bellum = Stagonopleura Fantail, Rufous 80 Drysdalia coronoides 105 bella 82 Favonigobius tamarensis 133 Drysdalia mastersii 105 Emblema guttatum = Stagonopleura Felis catus 20 Dtella, Central Rock 102 guttata 82 Field-rat, Pale 23 Dtella, Purple 102 Emblema pictum 82 Fieldwren, Eastern = Striated Dtella, Southern Rock 102 Emu 40 Fieldwren 78 Dtella, Tree 102 Emu, Kangaroo Island 40 Fieldwren, Rufous 78 Duck, Australian Wood 41 Emu-wren, Mallee 77 Fieldwren, Striated 78 Duck, Black = Pacific Black Duck Emu-wren, Rufous-crowned 77 Fieldwren, Western = Rufous 41 Emu-wren, Southern 77 Fieldwren 78 Duck, Blue-billed 40 Emydura macquarii 101 Finch, Painted 82 Duck, Burdekin = Radjah Shelduck Entomyzon cyanotis 78 Finch, Red-browed 82 41 Eolophus roseicapillus = Cacatua Finch, Zebra 82 Duck, Freckled 40 roseicapilla 48 Firetail, Beautiful 82 Duck, Maned = Australian Wood Eopsaltria australis 79 Firetail, Diamond 82 Duck 41 Eopsaltria griseogularis 79 Fish, Crimson-spotted Rainbow Duck, Mountain = Australian Eptesicus baverstocki = Vespadelus 132 Shelduck 41 baverstocki 20 Fish, Desert Rainbow 132 Duck, Musk 40 Eptesicus darlingtoni = Vespadelus Flycatcher, Leaden 80 Duck, Pacific Black 41 darlingtoni 20 Flycatcher, Restless 80 Duck, Pink-eared 41 Eptesicus finlaysoni = Vespadelus Flycatcher, Satin 80 Duck, White-eyed 41 finlaysoni 20 Flying-fox, Grey-headed 19 Dugite 105 Eptesicus vulturnus = Vespadelus Flying-fox, Little Red 19 Dunnart, Common 17 vulturnus 20 Fox 20 Dunnart, Fat-tailed 17 Epthianura albifrons 79 Fox, Red = Fox 20 Dunnart, Hairy-footed 17 Epthianura aurifrons 79 Freetail-bat, White-striped 19 Dunnart, Kangaroo Island 17 Epthianura crocea 79 Freetail-bat, Southern 19 Dunnart, Lesser Hairy-footed 17 Epthianura tricolor 79 Fregetta tropica 42 Dunnart, Little Long-tailed 17 Equus assinus 22 Friarbird, Little 79 Dunnart, Ooldea 17 Equus caballus 22 Friarbird, Noisy 79 Dunnart, Sandhill 17 Eremiornis carteri 82 Frog, Broad-palmed 125 Dunnart, Sooty = Kangaroo Island Eremiascincus fasciolatus 103 Frog, Brown Tree 125 Dunnart 17 Eremiascincus richardsonii 103 Frog, Bull 125 Dunnart, Stripe-faced 17 Erythrogonys cinctus 47 Frog, Burrowing 125 Eagle, Little 44 Eubalaena australis 21 Frog, Golden Bell 125 Eagle, Wedge-tailed 44 Eudyptes chrysocome 41 Frog, Green Tree 125 Echidna, Short-beaked 16 Eudyptes chrysolophus 41 Frog, Knife-footed 125 Echiopsis curta 105 Eudyptes pachyrynchus 41 Frog, Long-thumbed 125 Eel, Short-finned 132 Eudyptes robustus 41 Frog, Main’s 125 Egernia carinata = Egernia richardi Eudyptes sclateri 41 Frog, Painted 125 103 Eudyptula minor 41 Frog, Peron’s Tree 125 Egernia coventryi 103 Eulamprus heatwolei 103 Frog, Red Tree 125 Egernia cunninghami 103 Eulamprus quoyi 103 Frog, Shoemaker 125 Egernia inornata 103 Eulamprus tympanum 103 Frog, Smooth 125 Egernia kintorei 103 Euplectes orix 83 Frog, Spotted Grass 125 Egernia margaretae 103 Euro 18 Frog, Striped Marsh 125 Egernia multiscutata 103 Eurostopodus argus 49 Frog, Sudell’s 125 Egernia richardi 103 Eurystomus orientalis 50 Frog, Trilling 125 Egernia slateri 103 Fairy-wren, Blue-breasted 77 Frog, Water-holding 125 Egernia stokesii 103 Fairy-wren, Splendid 77 Froglet, Common 125 Egernia striata 103 Fairy-wren, Superb 77 Froglet, Desert 125 Egernia striolata 103 Fairy-wren, Variegated 77 Froglet, Eastern Sign Bearing 125 Egernia whitii 103 Fairy-wren, White-winged 77 Froglet, Streambank 125 Egret, Cattle 43 Falco berigora 44 Frogmouth, Tawny 49 Egret, Great 43 Falco cenchroides 44 Fulica atra 44 Egret, Intermediate 43 Falco hypoleucos 44 Fulmar, Southern 41 Egret, Little 43 Falco longipennis 44 Fulmarus glacialoides 41 Falco peregrinus 44 Furina diadema 105 138 Furina ornata 105 Gibberbird 79 Gudgeon, Flinders Ranges Purple- Fur-seal, Australian 20 Glareola maldivarum 47 spotted 133 Fur-seal, New Zealand 20 Gliciphila melanops 78 Gudgeon, Lakes Carp 133 Fur-seal, Subantarctic 20 Glider, Feathertail 19 Gudgeon, Midgley’s Carp 133 Gadopsis marmoratus 133 Glider, Squirrel 19 Gudgeon, Northern Trout 133 Galah 48 Glider, Sugar 19 Gudgeon, Northern Chequered or Galaxias brevipinnis 134 Glider, Yellow-bellied 19 Purple-spotted = Northern Trout Galaxias, Climbing 134 Globicephala macrorhynchus 21 Gudgeon 133 Galaxias, Common = Common Globicephala melas 21 Gudgeon, Purple-spotted 133 Jollytail 134 Glossopsitta concinna 48 Gudgeon, Southern Chequered or Galaxias, Dwarf 134 Glossopsitta porphyrocephala 48 Trout = Purple-spotted Gudgeon Galaxias maculatus 134 Glossopsitta pusilla 48 133 Galaxias, Mountain 134 Goanna, Black-headed 104 Gudgeon, Western Carp 133 Galaxias olidus 134 Goanna, Desert Pygmy 104 Gull, Dominican = Kelp Gull 47 Galaxias rostratus 134 Goanna, Heath 104 Gull, Franklin’s 47 Galaxiella pusilla 134 Goanna, Tree 104 Gull, Kelp 47 Gallinago hardwickii 45 Goanna, Pygmy Mulga 104 Gull, Pacific 47 Gallinula mortierii 44 Goanna, Sand 104 Gull, Sabine’s 47 Gallinula tenebrosa 45 Goanna, Short-tailed Pygmy 104 Gull, Silver 47 Gallinula ventralis 45 Goat 22 Gymnorhina tibicen 80 Gallirallus philippensis 45 Goat, Feral = Goat 22 Haematopus fuliginosus 46 Gambusia, Eastern 132 Goby, Dalhousie 133 Haematopus longirostris 46 Gambusia holbrooki 132 Goby, Desert 133 Haematopus ostralegus see Gannet, Australasian 43 Goby, Swan River 133 Haematopus longirostris 46 Garganey 41 Goby, Tamar River 133 Halcyon pyrrhopygia = Todiramphus Gecko, Barking 102 Godwit, Bar-tailed 45 pyrrhopygia 50 Gecko, Beaded 102 Godwit, Black-tailed 45 Halcyon sancta = Todiramphus Gecko, Beaked 102 Godwit, Hudsonian 45 sanctus 50 Gecko, Bynoe’s 102 Goldfinch, European 83 Haliaeetus leucogaster 44 Gecko, Clawless 102 Goldfish 133 Haliastur sphenurus 44 Gecko, Eastern Spiny-tailed 102 Goose, Magpie 40 Halobaena caerulea 41 Gecko, Eastern Stone 102 Goose, Cape Barren 41 Hamirostra melanosternon 44 Gecko, Fat-tailed 102 Goshawk, Brown 44 Hare, Brown 23 Gecko, Jewelled 102 Goshawk, Grey 44 Hare, European = Brown Hare 23 Gecko, Map 102 Goshawk, White = Grey Goshawk Hare-wallaby, Rufous 18 Gecko, Marbled 102 44 Hare-wallaby, Eastern 18 Gecko, Marbled Velvet 102 Grallina cyanoleuca 80 Hardhead 41 Gecko, Mesa 102 Grampus griseus 21 Hardyhead, Dalhousie 132 Gecko, Northern Spiny-tailed 102 Grantiella picta 78 Hardyhead, Fly-specked 132 Gecko, Pale Knob-tailed 102 Grassbird, Little 82 Hardyhead, Glover’s 132 Gecko, Patchwork 102 Grasswren, Dusky 77 Hardyhead, Lake Eyre 132 Gecko, Pernatty Knob-tailed 102 Grasswren, Eyrean 77 Hardyhead, Mitchellian = Fly- Gecko, Pink-blotched 102 Grasswren, Grey 77 specked Hardyhead 132 Gecko, Sandplain 102 Grasswren, Short-tailed 77 Hardyhead, Murray 132 Gecko, Smooth Knob-tailed 102 Grasswren, Striated 77 Hardyhead, Smallmouth 132 Gecko, Southern Spiny-tailed 102 Grasswren, Thick-billed 77 Harrier, Marsh = Swamp Harrier Gecko, Starred Knob-tailed 102 Grayling, Australian 134 44 Gecko, Tessellated 102 Grebe, Australasian 41 Harrier, Spotted 44 Gecko, Thorn-tailed 102 Grebe, Great Crested 41 Harrier, Swamp 44 Gecko, Western Stone 102 Grebe, Hoary-headed 41 Hemiergis decresiensis 104 Gehyra montium 102 Grebe, Little = Australasian Grebe Hemiergis initialis 104 Gehyra purpurascens 102 41 Hemiergis millewae 104 Gehyra ‘2n=44’ 102 Greenfinch, European 83 Hemiergis peronii 104 Gehyra variegata 102 Greenshank, Common 45 Heron, Nankeen Night 43 Gelochelidon nilotica = Sterna Grunter, Barcoo 134 Heron, Pacific = White-necked nilotica 47 Grunter, Barred 134 Heron 43 Geocrinia laevis 125 Grunter, Black-striped = Barred Heron, Pied 43 Geopelia cuneata 47 Grunter 134 Heron, Reef = Eastern Reef Egret Geopelia placida 48 Grunter, Spangled = Spangled Perch 43 Geophaps plumifera 48 134 Heron, Rufous Night = Nankeen Geopsittacus occidentalis = Grunter, Welch’s 134 Night Heron 43 Pezoporus occidentalis 48 Grus rubicunda 44 Heron, White-faced 43 Geotria australis 132 Gudgeon, Big-headed 133 Heron, White-necked 43 Gerygone fusca 78 Gudgeon, Flathead = Big-headed Heteronotia binoei 102 Gerygone olivacea 78 Gudgeon 133 Heteronotia planiceps deleted Gerygone, Western 78 Gudgeon, Dalhousie Purple-spotted Heteroscelus brevipes 45 Gerygone, White-throated 78 133 Hieraaetus morphnoides 44 Giant-Petrel, Northern 41 Gudgeon, Dwarf Flathead 133 Himantopus himantopus 46 Giant-Petrel, Southern 42 139 Himantopus leucocephalus see Isoodon auratus 17 Leptonychotes weddellii 21 Himantopus himantopus 46 Isoodon obesulus 17 Lepus capensis 23 Hirundapus caudacutus 50 Itjari itjari = Marsupial Mole 17 Lerista aericeps = Lerista xanthura Hirundo ariel = Petrochelidon ariel Ixobrychus minutus 43 104 81 Jacky Winter 79 Lerista arenicola 104 Hirundo neoxena 81 Jaeger, Arctic 47 Lerista baynesi 104 Hirundo nigricans = Pterochelidon Jaeger, Long-tailed 47 Lerista bipes 104 nigricans 81 Jaeger, Pomarine 47 Lerista bougainvillii 104 Hirundo rustica 81 Jollytail, Common 134 Lerista desertorum 104 Hobby, Australian 44 Jollytail, Murray 134 Lerista distinguenda 104 Honeyeater, Black 78 Kangaroo, Western Grey 18 Lerista dorsalis 104 Honeyeater, Black-chinned 79 Kangaroo, Eastern Grey 18 Lerista edwardsae 104 Honeyeater, Blue-faced 78 Kangaroo, Red 18 Lerista elongaata 104 Honeyeater, Brown 79 Kestrel, Australian = Nankeen Lerista labialis 104 Honeyeater, Brown-headed 79 Kestrel 44 Lerista microtis 104 Honeyeater, Crescent 79 Kestrel, Nankeen 44 Lerista muelleri 104 Honeyeater, Fuscous 78 Kingfisher, Azure 50 Lerista punctatovittata 104 Honeyeater, Grey 78 Kingfisher, Red-backed 50 Lerista speciosa 104 Honeyeater, Grey-fronted 79 Kingfisher, Sacred 50 Lerista taeniata 104 Honeyeater, Grey-headed 78 Kite, Black 44 Lerista terdigitata 104 Honeyeater, New Holland 79 Kite, Black-shouldered 44 Lerista xanthura 104 Honeyeater, Painted 78 Kite, Letter-winged 44 Leucocarbo fuscescens = Honeyeater, Pied 78 Kite, Square-tailed 44 Phalacrocorax fuscescens 43 Honeyeater, Purple-gaped 78 Kite, Whistling 44 Lialis burtonis 103 Honeyeater, Regent 79 Knot, Great 46 Liasis stimsoni = Antaresia stimsoni Honeyeater, Singing 79 Knot, Red 46 105 Honeyeater, Spiny-cheeked 78 Koala 17 Lichenostomus chrysops 78 Honeyeater, Striped 79 Kogia breviceps 22 Lichenostomus cratitius 78 Honeyeater, Tawny-crowned 78 Kogia sima 22 Lichenostomus fuscus 78 Honeyeater, White-eared 78 Kogia simus = Kogia sima 22 Lichenostomus keartlandi 78 Honeyeater, White fronted 78 Kookaburra, Laughing 50 Lichenostomus leucotis 78 Honeyeater, White-naped 79 Kowari 16 Lichenostomus melanops 78 Honeyeater, White-plumed 78 Kultarr 17 Lichenostomus ornatus 78 Honeyeater, Yellow-faced 78 Lagenorhynchus obscurus 21 Lichenostomus penicillatus 78 Honeyeater, Yellow-fronted = Grey- Lagorchestes hirsutus 18 Lichenostomus plumulus 78 fronted Honeyeater 79 Lagorchestes leporides 18 Lichenostomus virescens 78 Honeyeater, Yellow-plumed 78 Lalage sueurii see Lalage tricolor Lichmera indistincta 79 Honeyeater, Yellow-tufted 78 81 Limicola falcinellus 46 Hoplopterus miles = Vanellus miles Lalage tricolor 81 Limnodynastes dumerili 125 47 Lamprey, Pouched 132 Limnodynastes fletcheri 125 Hoplopterus tricolor = Vanellus Lamprey, Short-headed 132 Limnodynastes peroni 125 tricolor 47 Lampropholis delicata 104 Limnodynastes spenceri 125 Hopping-mouse, Dusky 23 Lampropholis guichenoti 104 Limnodynastes tasmaniensis 125 Hopping-mouse, Fawn 23 Landrail, Banded = Buff-banded Limosa haemastica 45 Hopping-mouse, Long-tailed 23 rail 45 Limosa lapponica 45 Hopping-mouse, Mitchell’s 23 Lapwing, Banded 47 Limosa limosa 45 Hopping-mouse, Short-tailed 23 Lapwing, Masked 47 Litoria caerulea 125 Hopping-mouse, Spinifex 23 Larus dominicanus 47 Litoria ewingi 125 Horse 22 Larus novaehollandiae 47 Litoria latopalmata 125 Hydromys chrysogaster 23 Larus pacificus 47 Litoria peroni 125 Hydroprogne caspia = Sterna caspia Larus pipixcan 47 Litoria raniformis 125 47 Larus sabini 47 Litoria rubella 125 Hydrurga leptonyx 21 Lasiorhinus latifrons 18 Lizard, Bronzeback Legless 103 Hylacola cauta = Calamanthus Lathamus discolor 48 Lizard, Burton’s Legless 103 cautus 78 Leggadina forresti 23 Lizard, Jacky 101 Hylacola pyrrhopygia = Leiopotherapon unicolor 134 Lizard, Sleepy 104 Calamanthus pyrrhopygius 78 Leiolopisma baudini = Pseudemoia Lobodon carcinophagus 21 Hylacola, Chestnut-rumped = baudini 104 Lonchura punctulata 83 Chestnut-rumped Heathwren 78 Leiolopisma duperreyi = Bassiana Lophoictinia isura 44 Hylacola, Shy = Shy Heathwren 78 duperreyi 104 Lorikeet, Little 48 Hyperoodon planifrons 22 Leiolopisma entrecasteauxii = Lorikeet, Musk 48 Hypseleotris klunzingeri 133 Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii 104 Lorikeet, Purple-crowned 48 Hypseleotris sp A 133 Leiolopisma rawlinsoni = Lorikeet, Rainbow 49 Hypseleotris sp B 133 Pseudemoia rawlinsoni 104 Lovebird, Peach-faced 83 Ibis, Australian White 44 Leiolopisma trilineatum = Bassiana Lugensa brevirostris 41 Ibis, Glossy 44 trilineata 103 Maccullochella macquariensis 133 Ibis, Sacred = Australian White Leipoa ocellata 40 Maccullochella peeli 133 Ibis 44 Leporillus apicalis 23 Macquaria ambigua 134 Ibis, Straw-necked 44 Leporillus conditor 23 Macquaria australasica 134 140 Macquaria colonorum 134 Microeca fascinans 79 Neobatrachus centralis 125 Macquaria sp. A 134 Microeca leucophaea now Microeca Neobatrachus pictus 125 Macroderma gigas 19 fascinans 79 Neobatrachus sudelli 125 Macronectes giganteus 42 Milvus migrans 44 Neobatrachus sutor 125 Macronectes halli 42 Miner, Black-eared see Yellow- Neochmia temporalis 82 Macropus eugenii 18 throated Miner 79 Neophema bourkii = Neopsephotus Macropus fuliginosus 18 Miner, Yellow-throated 79 bourkii 48 Macropus giganteus 18 Miner, Noisy 79 Neophema chrysogaster 48 Macropus greyi 18 Miniopterus schreibersii 20 Neophema chrysostoma 48 Macropus robustus 18 Mirafra javanica 82 Neophema elegans 48 Macropus rufogriseus 18 Mirounga leonina 21 Neophema petrophila 48 Macropus rufus 18 Mistletoebird 82 Neophema pulchella 48 Macrotis lagotis 17 Mogurnda adspersa 133 Neophema splendida 48 Macrotis leucura 17 Mogurnda mogurnda 133 Neopsephotus bourkii 48 Magpie, Australian 80 Mogurnda clivicola 133 Neophoca cinerea 20 Magpie-lark 80 Mogurnda sp. 3 = Mogurnda Neosilurus argenteus = Porochilus Mala = Rufous Hare-wallaby 18 clivicola 133 argenteus 134 Mallard 41 Mogurnda thermophila 133 Neosilurus hyrtlii 134 Malacorhynchys membranaceus 41 Mole, Marsupial 17 Neosilurus gloveri 134 Malleefowl 40 Moloch horridus 101 Neosilurus sp. 3 = Neosilurus gloveri Malurus cyaneus 77 Monarch, Black-faced 80 134 Malurus lamberti 77 Monarcha melanopsis 80 Neosilurus sp. 4 = Neosiluroides Malurus leucopterus 77 Mordacia mordax 132 cooperensis 134 Malurus pulcherrimus 77 Morelia spilota 105 Neosiluroides cooperensis 134 Malurus splendens 77 Morethia adelaidensis 104 Nephrurus deleani 102 Mannikin, Nutmeg 83 Morethia boulengeri 104 Nephrurus laevissimus 102 Manorina flavigula 79 Morethia butleri 104 Nephrurus levis 102 Manorina melanocephala 79 Morethia obscura 104 Nephrurus milii 102 Manorina melanotis now part of Morethia ruficauda 104 Nephrurus stellatus 102 Manorina flavigula 79 Mormopterus planiceps see Nightjar, Spotted 49 Martin, Fairy 81 Mormopterus spp. 19 Ningaui ridei 16 Martin, Tree 81 Mormopterus spp. 19 Ningaui, Southern 17 Megalurus gramineus 82 Morus serrator 43 Ningaui, Wongai 16 Megaptera novaeangliae 21 Motacilla cinerea 82 Ningaui yvonneae 17 Melanodryas cucullata 79 Motacilla citreola 82 Ninox connivens 49 Melanotaenia fluviatilis 132 Motacilla flava 82 Ninox novaeseelandiae 49 Melanotaenia splendida 132 Mouse, Bolam’s 23 Ninox strenua 49 Meliphaga chrysops = Mouse, Brown Desert = Desert Northiella haematogaster 48 Lichenostomus chrysops 78 Mouse 23 Notechis ater 105 Meliphaga cratitia = Lichenostomus Mouse, Desert 23 Notechis scutatus 104 cratitius 78 Mouse, Forrest’s 23 Notomys alexis 23 Meliphaga fusca = Lichenostomus Mouse, Gould’s 23 Notomys amplus 23 fuscus 78 Mouse, House 23 Notomys cervinus 23 Meliphaga keartlandi = Mouse, Plains 23 Notomys fuscus 23 Lichenostomus keartlandi 78 Mouse, Sandy Inland 23 Notomys longicaudatus 23 Meliphaga leucotis = Lichenostomus Mouse, Shark Bay 23 Notomys mitchellii 23 leucotis 78 Mouse, Silky 23 Notoryctes typhlops 17 Meliphaga melanops = Mulgara 16 Notoscincus ornatus 104 Lichenostomus melanops 78 Mus domesticus = Mus musculus 23 Numbat 16 Meliphaga ornata = Lichenostomus Mus musculus 23 Numenius madagascariensis 45 ornatus 78 Muttonbird = Short-tailed Numenius minutus 45 Meliphaga penicillata = Shearwater 42 Numenius phaeopus 45 Lichenostomus penicillatus 78 Myiagra cyanoleuca 80 Nycticorax caledonicus 43 Meliphaga plumula = Lichenostomus Myiagra inquieta 80 Nyctinomus australis = Tadarida plumulus 78 Myiagra rubecula 80 australis 19 Meliphaga virescens = Mynah, Common 83 Nyctophilus geoffroyi 20 Lichenostomus virescens 78 Mynah, Indian = Common Mynah Nyctophilus gouldi 20 Melithreptus brevirostris 79 83 Nyctophilus timoriensis 20 Melithreptus gularis 79 Myotis adversus macropus = Myotis Nymphicus hollandicus 48 Melithreptus laetior now part of macropus 20 Oceanites nereis 42 Melithreptus gularis 79 Myotis macropus 20 Oceanites oceanicus 43 Melithreptus lunatus 79 Myotis, Southern 20 Oceanodroma leucorhoa 43 Melopsitticus undulatus 48 Nannoperca australis 133 Ocyphaps lophotes 48 Menetia greyii 104 Nannoperca obscura 133 Oedura marmorata 102 Merops ornatus 50 Nannoperca variegata 133 Ommatophoca rossii 21 Mesoplodon bowdoini 22 Needletail, White-throated 50 Oncorhynchus mykiss 134 Mesoplodon grayi 22 Neelaps bimaculatus = Simoselaps Ophidiocephalus taeniatus 103 Mesoplodon hectori 22 bimaculatus 105 Orcinus orca 21 Mesoplodon layardii 22 Nematalosa erebi 132 Oreoica gutturalis 80 141 Oriole, Olive-backed 81 Pelecanus conspicillatus 43 Phalacrocorax varius 43 Oriolus sagittatus 81 Peltohyas australis = Charadrius Phalarope, Grey 46 Oryctolagus cuniculus 23 australis 46 Phalarope, Red-necked 46 Osprey 44 Penguin, Erect-crested 41 Phalaropus fulicaria 46 Ostrich 40 Penguin, Fairy = Little Penguin 41 Phalaropus lobatus 46 Ovis aries 22 Penguin, Fiordland 41 Phaps chalcoptera 48 Owl, Barn 49 Penguin, King 41 Phaps elegans 48 Owl, Barking 49 Penguin, Little 41 Phaps histrionica 48 Owl, Boobook = Southern Boobook Penguin, Macaroni 41 Phascogale, Brush-tailed 16 49 Penguin, Rockhopper 41 Phascogale calura 16 Owl, Grass 49 Penguin, Royal see Macaroni Phascogale, Red-tailed 16 Owl, Masked 49 Penguin 41 Phascogale tapoatafa 16 Owl, Powerful 49 Penguin, Snares 41 Phascolarctos cinereus 17 Owlet-nightjar, Australian 50 Perameles bougainville 17 Phasianus colchicus 83 Oxyura australis 40 Perameles eremiana 17 Pheasant, Common 83 Oxyuranus microlepidotus 105 Perameles gunnii 17 Philemon citreogularis 79 Oystercatcher, Pied 46 Perca fluviatilis 134 Philemon corniculatus 79 Oystercatcher, Sooty 46 Perch, Barcoo = Barcoo Grunter Philomachus pugnax 46 Pachycephala inornata 80 134 Philypnodon grandiceps 133 Pachycephala olivacea 80 Perch, Estuary 134 Philypnodon sp 2 133 Pachycephala pectoralis 80 Perch, Ewen’s Pygmy 133 Phoebetria fusca = Diomedea fusca Pachycephala rufiventris 80 Perch, Lake Eyre Golden 134 42 Pachycephala rufogularis 80 Perch, Macquarie 134 Phoebetria palpebrata = Diomedea Pachyptila belcheri 42 Perch, Redfin 134 palpebrata 42 Pachyptila desolata 42 Perch, Silver 134 Phocoena dioptrica 21 Pachyptila salvini 42 Perch, Southern Pygmy 133 Phylidonyris albifrons 79 Pachytila turtur 42 Perch, Spangled 134 Phylidonyris novaehollandiae 79 Pachyptila vittata 42 Perch, Welch’s = Welch’s Grunter Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera 79 Pademelon, Tasmanian 18 134 Phyllodactylus marmoratus = Pagodroma nivea 42 Perch, Western Chanda = Agassiz’s Christinus marmoratus 102 Pandion haliaetus 44 Perchlet 133 Physeter macrocephalus 21 Pardalote, Red-browed 77 Perch, Variegated Pygmy = Ewen’s Physignathus lesueurii 101 Pardalote, Spotted 77 Pygmy Perch 133 Pipistrelle, Eastern 20 Pardalote, Striated 77 Perchlet 133 Pig 22 Pardalote, Yellow-rumped see Perch, Yarra Pygmy 133 Pig, Feral = Pig 22 Spotted Pardalote 77 Perchlet, Agassiz’s 133 Pigeon, Crested 48 Pardalotus punctatus 77 Perchlet, Mueller’s 133 Pigeon, Feral = Rock Dove 47 Pardalotus rubricatus 77 Perentie 104 Pigeon, Flock = Flock Bronzewing Pardalotus striatus 77 Petaurus australis 19 48 Pardalotus xanthopyge now part of Petaurus breviceps 19 Pigeon, Plumed = Spinifex Pigeon Pardalotus punctatus 77 Petaurus norfolcensis 19 48 Parrot, Blue-winged 48 Petrel, Antarctic 42 Pigeon, Spinifex 48 Parrot, Bourke’s 48 Petrel, Blue 41 Pipit, Richard’s 82 Parrot, Elegant 48 Petrel, Cape 41 Plains-wanderer 45 Parrot, Ground 49 Petrel, Great-winged 42 Planigale cf ingrami 17 Parrot, Mulga 49 Petrel, Gould’s 42 Planigale, Giles' 17 Parrot, Night 49 Petrel, Grey 42 Planigale gilesi 17 Parrot, Orange-bellied 48 Petrel, Kerguelen 41 Planigale, Long-tailed 17 Parrot, Princess 48 Petrel, Mottled 42 Planigale, Narrow-nosed 17 Parrot, Red-rumped 49 Petrel, Snow 42 Planigale, Paucident = Giles’ Parrot, Red-winged 48 Petrel, Soft-plumaged 42 Planigale 17 Parrot, Regent 48 Petrel, White-chinned 42 Planigale tenuirostris 17 Parrot, Ring-necked = Australian Petrel, White-headed 42 Platalea flavipes 44 Ringneck 48 Petrochelidon ariel 81 Platalea regia 44 Parrot, Rock 48 Petrochelidion nigricans 81 Platycercus elegans 48 Parrot, Scarlet-chested 48 Petrogale lateralis 18 Platycercus eximius 48 Parrot, Swamp = Ground Parrot Petrogale xanthopus 18 Platypus 16 48 Petroica goodenovii 79 Plectorhyncha lanceolata 79 Parrot, Swift 48 Petroica multicolor 79 Plegadis falcinellus 44 Parrot, Turquoise 48 Petroica phoenicea 79 Plover, Banded = Banded Lapwing Passer domesticus 82 Petroica rodinogaster 79 47 Pavo cristatus 40 Petroica rosea 79 Plover, Black-fronted = Black- Peafowl, Blue = Indian Peafowl 40 Pezoporus occidentalis 49 fronted Dotterel 46 Peafowl, Indian 40 Pezoporus wallicus 49 Plover, Double-banded 46 Pedionomus torquatus 45 Phaethon rubricauda 43 Plover, Greater Sand 46 Pelagodroma marina 43 Phalacrocorax carbo 43 Plover, Grey 47 Pelican, Australian 43 Phalacrocorax fuscescens 43 Plover, Hooded 47 Pelecanoides georgicus 42 Phalacrocorax melanoleucos 43 Plover, Large Sand = Greater Sand Pelecanoides urinatrix 42 Phalacrocorax sulcirosrtis 43 Plover 46 142 Plover, Lesser Golden = Pacific Pseudomys gouldii 23 Ramphotyphlops proximus deleted Plover, Lesser Sand 46 Pseudomys hermannsburgensis 23 Ramphotyphlops unguirostris deleted Golden Plover 47 Pseudomys shortridgei 23 Rat, Black 23 Plover, Little Ringed 46 Pseudonaja affinis 105 Rat, Brown 23 Plover, Ringed 46 Pseudonaja guttata 105 Rat, Bush 23 Plover, Oriental 47 Pseudonaja inframacula 105 Rat, Greater Stick-nest 23 Plover, Pacific Golden 47 Pseudonaja modesta 105 Rat, Heath 23 Plover, Red-capped 46 Pseudonaja nuchalis 105 Rat, Lesser Stick-nest 23 Plover, Spur-winged = Masked Pseudonaja textilis 105 Rat, Long-haired 23 Lapwing 47 Pseudophryne bibroni 125 Rat, Norway = Brown Rat 23 Pluvialis fulva 47 Pseudophryne occidentalis 125 Rat, Plague = Long-haired Rat 23 Pluvialis squatarola 47 Pseudophryne semimarmorata 125 Rat, Plains 23 Podargus strigoides 49 Pseudorca crassidens 21 Rat, Roof = Black Rat 23 Podiceps cristatus 41 Psophodes cristatus 79 Rat, Sewer = Brown Rat 23 Poephila guttata = Taeniopygia Psophodes nigrogularis 80 Rat, Ship = Black Rat 23 guttata 82 Psophodes occidentalis 80 Rat, Swamp 23 Pogona barbata 101 Pterodroma inexpectata 42 Rat, White-footed Tree 23 Pogona minor 101 Pterodroma lessonii 42 Rat-kangaroo, Desert 18 Pogona nullarbor 102 Pterodroma leucoptera 42 Rattus fuscipes 23 Pogona vitticeps 102 Pterodroma macroptera 42 Rattus lutreolus 23 Poliocephalus poliocephalus 41 Pterodroma mollis 42 Rattus norvegicus 23 Polytelis alexandrae 48 Pteropodocys maxima = Coracina Rattus tunneyi 23 Polytelis anthopeplus 48 maxima 81 Rattus villosissimus 23 Pomatostomus ruficeps 79 Pteropus poliocephalus 19 Raven, Australian 81 Pomatostomus superciliosus 79 Pteropus scapulatus 19 Raven, Forest 81 Pomatostomus temporalis 79 Puffinus assimilis 42 Raven, Little 81 Porochilus argenteus 134 Puffinis carneipes 42 Recurvirostra novaehollandiae 46 Porphyrio porphyrio 45 Puffinus gavia 42 Redshank, Common 45 Porpoise, Spectacled 21 Puffinus gravis 42 Redthroat 78 Porzana fluminea 45 Puffinus griseus 42 Reed-Warbler, Australian 82 Porzana pusilla 45 Puffinus huttoni 42 Reed-Warbler, Clamorous = Porzana tabuensis 45 Puffinus pacificus 42 Australian Reed-Warbler 82 Possum, Common Brushtail 18 Puffinus puffinus 42 Retropinna semoni 134 Possum, Common Ringtail 18 Puffinus tenuirostris 42 Rhinoplocephalus flagellum = Suta Potoroo, Long-nosed 18 Pycnonotus jocosus 83 flagellum 105 Potorous tridactylus 18 Pygmy-possum, Eastern 18 Rhinoplocephalus monachus = Suta Pratincole, Australian 47 Pygmy-possum, Little 18 monachus 105 Pratincole, Oriental 47 Pygmy-possum, Western 18 Rhinoplocephalus nigriceps = Suta Prion, Antarctic 42 Pygopus lepidopodus 103 nigriceps 105 Prion, Broad-billed 42 Pygopus nigriceps 103 Rhinoplocephalus spectabilis = Suta Prion, Dove = Antarctic Prion 42 Pygopus schraderi 103 spectabilis 105 Prion, Fairy 42 Pyrrholemus brunneus 78 Rhipidura albiscapa 80 Prion, Medium-billed = Salvin’s Python, Carpet 105 Rhipidura fuliginosa now Rhipidura Prion 42 Python, Stimson’s 105 albiscapa 80 Prion, Salvin’s 42 Quail, Brown 40 Rhipidura leocophrys 80 Proablepharus kinghorni 104 Quail. King 40 Rhipidura rufifrons 80 Proablepharus reginae 104 Quail, Stubble 40 Rhynchoedura ornata 102 Procellaria aequinoctialis 42 Quail, Swamp = Brown Quail 40 Robin, Eastern Yellow 79 Procellaria cinerea 42 Quail-thrush, Chestnut 79 Robin, Flame 79 Prototroctes maraena 134 Quail-thrush, Cinnamon 79 Robin, Hooded 79 Psephotus haematonotus 49 Quail-thrush, Nullarbor see Robin, Pink 79 Psephotus varius 49 Cinnamon Quail-thrush 79 Robin, Red-capped 70 Pseudantechinus, Fat-tailed 16 Quail-thrush, Spotted 79 Robin, Rose 79 Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis Quoll, Spotted-tailed 16 Robin, Scarlet 79 16 Quoll, Tiger 16 Robin, Western Yellow 79 Pseudaphritis urvilli 133 Quoll, Western 16 Rock-wallaby, Black-footed 18 Pseudechis australis 105 Rabbit 23 Rock-wallaby, Yellow-footed 18 Pseudechis porphyriacus 105 Rabbit, European = Rabbit 23 Rosella, Adelaide = Crimson Pseudocheirus peregrinus 18 Rail, Buff-banded 45 Rosella 48 Pseudogobius olorum 133 Rail, Lewin’s 45 Rosella, Crimson 48 Pseudemoia baudini 104 Rainbowbird = Rainbow bee-eater Rosella, Eastern 48 Pseudemoia entrecasteauxii 104 50 Rosella, Yellow = Crimson Rosella Pseudemoia pagenstecheri 104 Rallus pectoralis 45 48 Pseudemoia rawlinsoni 104 Ramphotyphlops australis 105 Rostratula benghalensis 46 Pseudomys apodemoides 23 Ramphotyphlops bituberculatus 105 Ruff 46 Pseudomys australis 23 Ramphotyphlops broomi deleted Saccolaimus flaviventris 19 Pseudomys bolami 23 Ramphotyphlops endoterus 105 Salmo trutta 134 Pseudomys desertor 23 Ramphotyphlops ligatus deleted Salmo salar 134 Pseudomys fieldi 23 Ramphotyphlops pinguis deleted Salmon, Atlantic 134 143 Salvelinus fontinalis 134 Skink, Blacksoil 104 Sminthopsis dolichura 17 Sanderling 46 Skink, Black-striped Desert 103 Sminthopsis hirtipes 17 Sandpiper, Baird’s 46 Skink, Blue-tailed 103 Sminthopsis macroura 17 Sandpiper, Broad-billed 46 Skink, Bougainville’s 104 Sminthopsis murina 17 Sandpiper, Buff-breasted 46 Skink, Bull 103 Sminthopsis ooldea 17 Sandpiper, Common 45 Skink, Centralian Striped 103 Sminthopsis psammophila 17 Sandpiper, Cox’s 46 Skink, Cunningham’s 103 Sminthopsis youngsoni 17 Sandpiper, Curlew 46 Skink, Delicate 104 Snake, Black Tiger 105 Sandpiper, Marsh 45 Skink, Desert 103 Snake, Centralian Banded 105 Sandpiper, Pectoral 46 Skink, Desert Glossy 104 Snake, Centralian Blind 105 Sandpiper, Sharp-tailed 46 Skink, Desert Wall 103 Snake, Coral 105 Sandpiper, Terek 45 Skink, Desert Rainbow 103 Snake, Curl 105 Sandpiper, White-rumped 46 Skink, Dwarf 104 Snake, Desert Banded 105 Sandpiper, Wood 45 Skink, Garden 104 Snake, Eastern Brown 105 Sandswimmer, Broad-banded 103 Skink, Glossy Glass 104 Snake, Eastern Tiger 105 Sandswimmer, Narrow-banded Skink, Gidgee 103 Snake, Five-ringed 105 103 Skink, Eastern Striped 103 Snake, Half-girdled 105 Scaly-foot, Black-headed 103 Skink, Eastern Three-lined 103 Snake, Hooded 105 Scaly-foot, Common 103 Skink, Eastern Tree 103 Snake, Little Whip 105 Scaly-foot, Hooded 103 Skink, Eastern Water 103 Snake, Mallee Black-headed 105 Scortum barcoo 134 Skink, Fire-tailed 104 Snake, Masters’ 105 Scotorepens balstoni 20 Skink, Four-toed Earless 104 Snake, Mitchell’s Short-tailed 105 Scotorepens greyii 20 Skink, Leopard 103 Snake, Moon 105 Scrub-robin, Southern 79 Skink, Night 103 Snake, Mulga 105 Scrubwren, Spotted see White- Skink, Rock 103 Snake, Narrow-banded 105 browed Scrubwren 78 Skink, Rusty Earless 104 Snake, Peninsula Brown 105 Scrubwren. White-browed 78 Skink, Silvereye 104 Snake, Red-bellied Black 105 Scythrops novaehollandiae 49 Skink, Southern Grass 104 Snake, Red-naped 105 Sea-eagle, White-bellied 44 Skink, Southern Water 103 Snake, Rough-nosed Blind 105 Sea-lion, Australian 20 Skink, Striped Wall 103 Snake, Southern Blind 105 Seal, Crabeater 21 Skink, Swamp 103 Snake, Spotted Brown 105 Seal, Leopard 21 Skink, Three-toed Earless 104 Snake, Western Black-naped 105 Seal, Southern Elephant 21 Skink, Tussock 104 Snake, Western Brown 105 Seal, Ross 21 Skink, Western Earless 104 Snake, White-lipped 105 Seal, Weddell 21 Skink, Western Three-lined 103 Snake-eye, Adelaide 104 Sericornis frontalis 78 Skink, Western tree 103 Snake-eye, Butler’s 104 Sericornis maculatus now part of Skink, Yellow-bellied Water 103 Snake-eye Common 104 Sericornis frontalis 78 Skink, White’s 103 Snake-eye Mallee 104 Shag, Black-faced = Black-faced Skua, Arctic = Arctic Jaeger 47 Snake-lizard, Adelaide 102 Cormorant 43 Skua, Brown = Great Skua 47 Snake-lizard, Barred 102 Shearwater, Fleshy-footed 42 Skua, Great 47 Snake-lizard, Black-necked 102 Shearwater, Fluttering 42 Skua, Long-tailed = Long-tailed Snake-lizard, Centralian 102 Shearwater, Great 42 Jaeger 47 Snake-lizard, Fraser’s 102 Shearwater, Hutton’s 42 Skua, Pomarine = Pomarine Jaeger Snake-lizard, Northern 102 Shearwater, Little 42 47 Snake-lizard, Olive 102 Shearwater, Manx 42 Skua, South Polar 47 Snake-lizard, Spinifex 102 Shearwater, Short-tailed 42 Skua, Subantarctic = Great Skua Snake-lizard, Striped 102 Shearwater, Sooty 42 47 Snipe, Japanese 45 Shearwater, Wedge-tailed 42 Skylark, Eurasian 82 Snipe, Latham’s 45 Sheep 22 Slider, Beach 104 Snipe, Painted 46 Sheep, Feral = Sheep 22 Slider, Dwarf Four-toed 104 Songlark, Brown 82 Shelduck, Australian 41 Slider, Dwarf Three-toed 104 Songlark, Rufous 83 Shelduck, Radjah 41 Slider, Eastern Two-toed 104 Sparrow, House 82 Shelduck, Ruddy 83 Slider, Great Desert 104 Sparrowhawk, Collared 44 Shoveler, Australasian 41 Slider, Long-legged 104 Sphenomorphus quoyii = Eulamprus Shoveler, Blue-winged = Slider, Musgrave 104 quoyii 103 Australasian Shoveler 41 Slider, Myall 104 Sphenomorphus tympanum = Shoveler, Northern 41 Slider, Ribbon 104 Eulamprus tympanum 103 Shrike-thrush, Grey 80 Slider, Southern Four-toed 104 Spinifexbird 82 Shrike-tit, Crested 80 Slider, Southern Three-toed 104 Spoonbill, Royal 44 Simoselaps anomalus 105 Slider, Speckled 104 Spoonbill, Yellow-billed 44 Simoselaps australis 105 Slider, Spotted 104 Stagonopleura bella 82 Simoselaps bertholdi 105 Slider, Western Two-toed 104 Stagonopleura guttata 82 Simoselaps bimaculatus 105 Slider, Woomera 104 Starling, Common 81 Simoselaps fasciolatus 105 Slider, Yellow-tailed 104 Stercorarius longicaudus 47 Simoselaps semifasciatus 105 Smelt, Australian 134 Stercorarius parasiticus 47 Silvereye 81 Smicrornis brevirostris 78 Stercorarius pomarinus 47 Sittella, Varied 80 Sminthopsis aitkeni 17 Sterna albifrons 47 Skink, Bight Coast 104 Sminthopsis crassicaudata 17 Sterna anaethetus 47 144 Sterna bergii 47 Tandanus tandanus 134 Tortoise, Broad-shelled 101 Sterna caspia 47 Taphozous georgianus deleted Tortoise, Common Long-necked Sterna fuscata 47 Taphozous hilli 19 101 Sterna hirundo 47 Tasmacetus shepherdi 22 Tortoise, Macquarie 101 Sterna nereis 47 Tattler, Grey-tailed 45 Treecreeper, Brown 77 Sterna nilotica 47 Teal, Australasian Grey = Grey Teal Treecreeper, Rufous 77 Sterna paradisaea 47 41 Treecreeper, White-browed 77 Sterna striata 47 Teal, Chestnut 41 Treecreeper, White-throated 77 Sterna vittata 47 Teal, Grey 41 Tree-dragon, Mallee 101 Stictonetta naevosa 40 Tench 133 Tree-rat, White-footed 23 Stilt, Banded 46 Tern, Antarctic 47 Trichoglossus haematodus 48 Stilt, Black-winged 46 Tern, Arctic 47 Trichosurus vulpecula 18 Stilt, White-headed = Black-winged Tern, Bridled 47 Triller, White-winged 81 Stilt 46 Tern, Caspian 47 Tringa flavipes 45 Stiltia isabella 47 Tern, Common 47 Tringa glareola 45 Stint, Little 46 Tern, Crested 47 Tringa nebularia 45 Stint, Long-toed 46 Tern, Fairy 47 Tringa stagnatilis 45 Stint, Red-necked 46 Tern, Gull-billed 47 Tringa totanus 45 Spinebill, Eastern 78 Tern, Little 47 Tropicbird, Red-tailed 43 Stipiturus malachurus 77 Tern, Marsh = Whiskered Tern 47 Trout, Brook 134 Stipiturus mallee 77 Tern, Sooty 47 Trout, Brown 134 Stipiturus ruficeps 77 Tern, Whiskered 47 Trout, Rainbow 134 Bush Stone-curlew 46 Tern, White-fronted 47 Tryngites subruficollis 46 Stone-curlew, Southern = Bush Tern, White-winged Black 47 Turdus merula 81 Stone-curlew 46 Thalasseus bergii = Sterna bergii 47 Turnix pyrrhothorax 45 Storm-Petrel, Black-bellied 42 Thalassoica antarctica 42 Turnix varia 45 Storm-Petrel, Grey-backed 42 Thick-knee, Bush = Bush Stone- Turnix velox 45 Storm-Petrel, Leach’s 43 curlew 46 Turnstone, Ruddy 46 Storm-Petrel, White-faced 43 Thinornis rubricollis 46 Tursiops truncatus 21 Storm-Petrel, Wilson’s 43 Thornbill, Brown 78 Turtle, Green 101 Strophurus assimilis 102 Thornbill, Buff-rumped 78 Turtle, Leathery 101 Strophurus ciliaris 102 Thornbill, Chestnut-rumped 78 Turtle, Loggerhead 101 Strophurus elderi 102 Thornbill, Inland 78 Turtle-Dove, Ringed 48 Strophurus intermedius 102 Thornbill, Little = Yellow Thornbill Turtle-Dove, Spotted 48 Strophurus williamsi 102 78 Tympanocryptis adelaidensis 102 Strepera versicolor 80 Thornbill, Samphire = Slender- Tympanocryptis centralis 102 Streptopelia chinensis 48 billed Thornbill 78 Tympanocryptis cephalus 102 Streptopelia ‘risoria’ 48 Thornbill, Slaty-backed 78 Tympanocryptis houstoni 102 Struthidea cinerea 81 Thornbill, Slender-billed 78 Tympanocryptis intima 102 Struthio camelus 40 Thornbill, Striated 78 Tympanocryptis lineata 102 Sturnus vulgaris 81 Thornbill, Yellow 78 Tympanocryptis tetraporophora 102 Sugomel niger = Certhionyx niger Thornbill, Yellow-rumped 78 Tyto alba 49 78 Thorny Devil 102 Tyto capensis 49 Sus scroffa 22 Threskiornis aethiopicus now Tyto novaehollandiae 49 Suta flagellum 105 Threskiornis molucca 44 Uperoleia capitulata 125 Suta monachus 105 Threskiornis molucca 44 Underwoodisaurus milii = Suta nigriceps 105 Threskiornis spinicollis 44 Nephrurus milii 102 Suta spectabilis 105 Thrush, Bassian 81 Vanellus miles 47 Suta suta 105 Thrush, Ground = Bassian Thrush Vanellus tricolor 47 Swamphen, Purple 45 81 Varanus brevicauda 104 Swallow, Barn 81 Thrush, Mountain = Bassian Thrush Varanus eremius 104 Swallow, Welcome 81 81 Varanus giganteus 104 Swallow, White-backed 81 Thrush, White’s = Bassian Thrush Varanus gilleni 104 Swan, Black 41 81 Varanus gouldii 104 Swift, Fork-tailed 50 Thylogale billardierii 18 Varanus rosenbergi 104 Swift, House 50 Tiliqua adelaidensis 104 Varanus tristis 104 Swift, Spine-tailed = White-throated Tiliqua multifasciata 104 Varanus varius 104 Needletail 50 Tiliqua nigrolutea 104 Vermicella annulata 105 Tachybaptus novaehollandiae 41 Tiliqua occipitalis 104 Vespadelus baverstocki 20 Tachyglossus aculeatus 16 Tiliqua rugosa 104 Vespadelus darlingtoni 20 Tadarida australis 19 Tiliqua scincoides 104 Vespadelus finlaysoni 20 Tadorna ferruginea 83 Tinca tinca 133 Vespadelus regulus 20 Tadorna radjah 41 Tjakura 103 Vespadelus vulturnus 20 Tadorna tadornoides 41 Toadlet, Brown 125 Vombatus ursinus 18 Taeniopygia guttata 82 Toadlet, Marbled 125 Vulpes vulpes 20 Taipan, Inland 105 Toadlet, Orange-crowned 125 Wagtail, Citrine 82 Tandan, Cooper Creek 134 Toadlet, Small-headed 125 Wagtail, Grey 82 Tandan, Hyrtl’s 134 Todiramphus pyrrhopygia 50 Wagtail, Willie 80 Tandan, Silver 134 Todiramphus sanctus 50 Wagtail, Yellow 82 145 Wagtail, Yellow-headed = Citrine Woodswallow, Masked 80 Wagtail 82 Woodswallow, White-breasted 80 Warbler, Western = Western Woodswallow, White-browed 80 Gerygone 78 Worm-lizard, Flinders 102 Warbler, White-throated = White- Worm-lizard, Lined 102 throated Gerygone 78 Worm-lizard, Red-tailed 102 Water-rat 23 Woylie = Brush-tailed Bettong 18 Wallabia bicolor 18 Wren, Blue-breasted = Blue- Wallaby, Crescent Nailtail 18 breasted Fairy-wren 77 Wallaby, Red-necked 18 Wren, Splendid = Splendid Fairy- Wallaby, Swamp 18 wren 77 Wallaby, Tammar 18 Wren, Superb Blue = Superb Fairy- Wallaby, Toolache 18 wren 77 Wattlebird, Little 78 Wren, Variegated = Variegated Wattlebird, Red 78 Fairy-wren 77 Wedgebill, Chiming 80 Wren, White-winged = White- Wedgebill, Chirruping 79 winged Fairy-wren 77 Weebill 78 Xanthomyza phrygia 79 Whale, Andrews’ Beaked Whale 22 Xenus cinereus 45 Whale, Arnoux’s Beaked 22 Yellowbelly = Callop 134 Whale, Blue 21 Yellowlegs, Lesser 45 Whale, Bryde’s 21 Ziphius cavirostris 22 Whale, Cuvier’s Beaked 22 Zoothera lunulata 81 Whale, Dwarf Sperm 22 Zosterops lateralis 81 Whale, False Killer 21 Whale, Fin 21 Whale, Goosebeak = Cuvier’s Beaked Whale 22 Whale, Gray’s Beaked 22 Whale, Hector’s Beaked 22 Whale, Humpback 21 Whale, Killer 21 Whale, Pygmy Right 21 Whale, Pygmy Sperm 22 Whale, Minke 21 Whale, Sei 21 Whale, Strap-toothed 22 Whale, Long-finned Pilot 21 Whale, Scamperdown = Gray’s Beaked Whale 22 Whale, Shepherds’s Beaked 22 Whale, Short-finned Pilot 21 Whale, Southern Right 21 Whale, Southern Bottlenose 22 Whale, Sperm 21 Whale, Tasman Beaked = Shepherd’s Beaked Whale 22 Whimbrel 45 Whimbrel, Little = Little Curlew 45 Whipbird, Western 80 Whipsnake, Channel Country 105 Whipsnake, Desert 105 Whipsnake, Yellow-faced 105 Whistler, Gilbert’s 80 Whistler, Golden 80 Whistler, Olive 80 Whistler, Red-lored 80 Whistler, Rufous 80 Whistling-Duck, Plumed 40 Whiteface, Banded 78 Whiteface, Chestnut-breasted 78 Whiteface, Southern 78 Wolf 20 Woma 105 Wombat, Common 18 Wombat, Southern Hairy-nosed 18 Woodswallow, Black-faced 80 Woodswallow, Dusky 80 Woodswallow, Little 80 146