5B. Review National Register Nomination for Commercial Historic

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Agenda Item: 58 ault

Request for Action

TO: Heritage Preservation Commission FROM: Kim Clausen, Community Development Coordinator MEETING DATE: February 22, 2021

SUBJECT: Review National Register Nomination for Faribault Commercial Historic District

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this item is to gather input on the Faribault Commercial Historic District National Register nomination and formulate an opinion for consideration by the State Review Board.

DISCUSSION:

Attached is the application expand the Faribault Commercial Historic District that is listed the National Register of Historic Places. The City is seeking this nomination in order to recognize the significance of the downtown historic district and increase access to State and Federal Historic Preservation Tax Credits and grant funds through the Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund.

The HPC must allow an opportunity for public comment, and then prepare a report indicating its opinion as to whether the property meets the National Register Criteria. A public meeting was held with the State Historic Preservation Office, downtown property owners, Hoisington Preservation Consultants and members of the public on January 25, 2021. Staff has received comments from affected property owners who were mostly neutral or supportive of the project. One property owner was concerned about how the expansion would affect their ability to demolish their structure(s).

In formulating the opinion, at least one Commission member who meets the Federal Standards for History and one Commission member who meets the Federal Standards for Historic Architecture or Architectural History (attached) should participate. If the HPC does not include a member who meets the Federal Standards, the HPC may obtain the opinion of a qualified professional in the subject area and consider the opinion in its recommendations.

The Mayor must transmit the HPC's report, together with his comments, to the Minnesota Historical Society by April 2, 2021. The State Review Board will consider the nomination at their meeting on April 6, 2021. If approved by the State Review Board, the nomination would be placed on the Register approximately 60 days later.

REQUESTED ACTION: Consider public comment on the nomination and draft an opinion on the property's eligibility for the National Register. DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE

January 26, 2021 RECEIVED

Lyn Rein, Chair Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission City of Faribault Community Development 208 1st Avenue NW Faribault, MN 55021

RE: Certified Local Government Comment on the nomination of the: Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary increase and additional documentation), roughly bounded by ist St. NW, ist Ave. NE, 6th St. NW and ist Ave. NW, Faribault, Rice County, to the National Register of Historic Places

Dear Lyn Rein:

The boundary of the above referenced National Register property is being expanded and may be considered by the State Review Board on Tuesday, April 6, 2021. To meet present-day standards for National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, the nomination was re-written to include additional documentation on previously listed properties together with new information on resources encompassed by the boundary increase. Because the City of Faribault has been granted Certified Local Government (CLG) Status under the provisions of 36 CFR 61.5 and the Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office's "Procedures for Applying For and Maintaining Certified Local Government Status," the nomination (copy enclosed) is being sent to the Office of the Mayor and to the Heritage Preservation Commission for review at this time.

This nomination is classified as both a historical nomination and an architectural nomination. (A digital copy of this nomination will be available on line approximately one month before the scheduled meeting at: http:/[bit.ly/StateReviewBoard).After allowing a reasonable opportunity for public comment, the Commission may prepare a report indicating its opinion as to whether the property meets the National Register Criteria (copy enclosed). At least one Commission member who meets the Federal Standards for History, and one Commission member who meets the Federal Standards for Historic Architecture or Architectural History (see Appendix A of the state CLG procedures) should participate in formulating that opinion.

If the Heritage Preservation Commission does not include members who meet the Federal Standards, the city may choose not to comment on this nomination through the CLG review process (in which case please advise the Preservation Office of that choice), or the Heritage Preservation Commission may obtain the opinions of qualified professionals in the subject areas and consider these opinions in its recommendations. The comment must include both the credentials and opinions of the consulted professionals. If the city chooses not to comment under the CLG process outlined above, comments on

MINNESOTA STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE 50 Sherburne Avenue ,Administration Building 203 .,Saint Paul, Minnesota 55155 :651-201-3287 mn.gov/admin/shpo/ , mnshpo(@state.mn.us

AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND SERVICE PROVIDER a nomination may be submitted to the Preservation Office in as much as any interested party may submit comments.

The Mayor may transmit the report of the Heritage Preservation Commission together with his comments on the eligibility of the property to Amy Spong, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer, 50 Sherburne Ave., Suite 203, St. Paul, MN 55102. This response must be received before the close of business on Friday, April 2, 2021. Pursuant to the National Historic Preservation Act, if both the Heritage Preservation Commission and the Mayor determine that the property does not meet the criteria, the nomination will not be further considered unless an appeal is filed with the state office.

We should note that the standard notification of SHPRB consideration of this property has been sent to the owner. Appropriate officials will be notified approximately one month before the scheduled meeting.

If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Sincerely,

Amy Spong Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer enc.: National Register Program National Register Criteria Copy of National Register Nomination THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES PROGRAM

The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the official list of historic properties recognized by the Federal Government as worthy of preservation for their significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering or culture. The NRHP was created in 1966 and is part of a national program to coordinate and support public and private efforts to identify, evaluate, and protect our significant historic places under the provisions of the National Historic Preservation Act. The National Park Service (NPS) provides oversight for the program under the Secretary of the Interior. The program is managed by the professional staff of the National Register in Washington, DC, State Historic Preservation Officers, and the Preservation Officers in Federal Agencies. Contact the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) for information describing the National Register program ([email protected]). For online information go to:

https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/index.htm http://mn.gov/admin/shpo

For further information on National Register Federal Program Regulations refer to the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 36 CFR60. For online information go to: https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/what-is-the-national-register.htm

LISTING IN THE NATIONAL REGISTER PROVIDES BENEFITS TO HISTORIC PROPERTIES: Eligibility for Federal Tax Provisions: Since 1976 the Federal Internal Revenue Code has contained a variety of incentives to encourage capital investment in historic buildings and to spur revitalization of historic properties. These incentives include a 20% investment tax credit to encourage the preservation of historic commercial, industrial, and rental residential buildings listed in the NRHP by allowing favorable tax treatments for rehabilitation. Owners of NRHP properties who choose to participate in the preservation tax incentive program must follow the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation and receive approval by the NPS of the rehabilitation project in order to receive the tax credit. For on line general information go to: https://www.nps.gov/tps/tax-incentives.htm

For further information on building certification requirements refer to 36 CFR67. For online information go to: https://www.nps.gov/tps/tax-incentives/taxdocs/36cfr67.pdf

Eligibility for State Tax Provisions: The Minnesota Historic Structure Rehabilitation Tax Credit was signed into law in April 2010. The state rehab tax credit mirrors the 20% federal historic preservation tax credit and must be used in conjunction with the federal credit. Property owners who are undertaking a historic rehabilitation project are eligible to receive a state income tax credit up to 20% of qualifying rehabilitation expenses. Owner may elect to receive a grant in lieu of a credit equal to 90% of the allowable credit. For online information go to: http://mn.gov/admin/shpo/incentives/state

Easement Donations: The Federal Internal Revenue Code also provides for Federal income, estate, and gift tax deductions for charitable contributions or partial interests in real property (land and buildings). Taxpayers' gifts of qualified interest may be "exclusively for conservation purposes." For online information go to: https://www.nps.gov/tps/tax-incentives/taxdocs/easements-historic-properties.pdf

Because tax aspects outlined above are complex, individuals should consult legal counsel or the appropriate Internal Revenue Service office for assistance in determining the tax consequences of the above provisions. Maria Blake is the IRS representative who serves taxpayers in Minnesota. She can be contacted at (954) 991-4132 or [email protected].

Consideration in planning for Federal, federally licensed, and federally assisted projects: Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act requires federal agencies to take into account the effects of their actions on historic properties listed on or determined eligible for the NRHP. Regulations of the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, an independent Federal agency, guide this consultation process, which is intended to assure that the value of the historic property is considered in project planning. For online information go to: http://www.achp.gov

For further information on the Advisory Council refer to 36 CFR Part 800. For online information go to: https://www.achp.gov/sites/defa u lt/fi Ies/reg ulatio ns/2017 -02/regs-rev04. pdf and https://www. ach p. gov/digital-library section-106-landing/citizens-guide-section-106-review

Qualification for Federal grants for historic preservation: Presently, funding levels are inadequate for these grants to be available. Consideration in planning for State, state licensed, and state assisted projects: Minnesota Statues Chapter 138 requires that state departments, state agencies, and political subdivisions of the state (counties, townships, cities, etc.) have the responsibility to protect the physical features and historical character of properties listed in the NRHP. The relevant public agency is required to consult with the SHPO before carrying out any undertaking, or funding, or licensing, or permitting an undertaking by other parties, in order to determine appropriate treatments and to seek ways to avoid and mitigate any adverse effects on NRHP-listed properties. For further information, refer to Minnesota Statutes Chapter 138.665 and 138.666. The statutes are online at:

http://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=138.665 http://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=138.666.

Consideration before demolition: The rules of the Minnesota Environmental Quality Board (EQB) require preparation of an Environmental Assessment Worksheet (EAW) by the responsible unit of government for any proposed demolition, in whole or in part, or moving of a property listed in the NRHP. For further information on the Environmental Quality Board refer to Minnesota Rules Parts 4410.0200, 4410.1000 and 4410.4300 subpart 31 or call 651-201-2477. For on line information go to:

https:/www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/?id=4410 https://www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/?id=4410.4300

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE NATIONAL REGISTER PROCESS AND THE MEANING OF LISTING: Owning a property listed in the National Register does not automatically impose a regulatory burden on an individual property owner. Listing in the NRHP does not mean that the Federal Government wants to acquire the property, place restrictive covenants on the land, or dictate the color or materials used on individual buildings. State and local ordinances, local historical commissions, or laws establishing restrictive zoning, special design review committees, or review of exterior alterations, are not a part of the NRHP.

Historic properties of national, state, or local significance under private or local/state government ownership may be nominated by the SHPO. Property owners, historical consultants and SHPO staff may prepare nominations. A Federal agency's Federal Preservation Officer nominates properties under Federal ownership to the NRHP. For online information go to: https://www.achp.gov/protecting-historic-properties/fpo-list

Tribal Historic Preservation Offices (THPO) perform the same type of preservation activities as those performed by SHPO's. These activities, however, are associated with historic properties located on Tribal Lands. Contact the SHPO for a list of THPO's in Minnesota. For online information go to: http://www.achp.gov/thpo.html and www.nps.gov/THPO

In recognition of the importance of local actions to historic preservation, the 1980 amendments to the National Historic Preservation Act established the Certified Local Government (CLG) program that required each State preservation program to develop a mechanism for the certification of local governments in the State. As a CLG the mayor and the heritage preservation commission have the opportunity to comment on a property being nominated in their city. If both the mayor and the heritage preservation commission determine that the property does not meet NRHP criteria, the nomination will not be considered unless an appeal is filed with the SHPO. For a list of certified local governments, contact the SHPO.

State Historic Preservation Office 50 Sherburne Ave. Suite 203 St. Paul, Minnesota55155 651-201-3287 [email protected] http://mn.gov/admin/shpo

Updated 3/23/2020 DEPARTMENT OF m ADMINISTRATION STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE NATIONAL REGISTER CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION

The quality of significance in American history, architecture, archaeology, engineering, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association and

(a) that are associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history; or

(b) that are associated with the lives of persons significant in our past; or

(c) that embody the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that represent the work of a master, or that possess high artistic values, or that represent a significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; or

(d) that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.

CRITERIA CONSIDERATIONS. Ordinarily cemeteries, birthplaces, or graves of historical figures, properties owned by religious institutions or used for religious purposes, structures that have been moved from their original locations, reconstructed historic buildings, properties primarily commemorative in nature, and properties that have achieved significance within the past 50 years shall not be considered eligible for the National Register. However, such properties will qualify if they are integral parts of districts that meet the criteria or if they fall within the following categories:

(a) a religious property deriving primary significance from architectural or artistic distinction or historical importance; or

(b) a building or structure removed from its original location but which is significant primarily for architectural value, or which is the surviving structure most importantly associated with a historic person or event; or

(c) a birthplace or grave of a historical figure of outstanding importance if there is no other appropriate site or building directly associated with their productive life; or

(d) a cemetery which derives its primary significance from graves of persons of transcendent importance, from age, from distinctive design features, or from association with historic events; or

(e) a reconstructed building when accurately executed in a suitable environment and presented in a dignified manner as part of a restoration master plan, and when no other building or structure with the same association has survived; or

(f) a property primarily commemorative in intent if design, age, tradition or symbolic value has invested it with its own historical significance; or

(g) a property achieving significance within the past 50 years if it is of exceptional importance. NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form

This form is for use in nominating or requesting detem1inations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in National Register Bulletin, How to Complete the National Register ofHistoric Places Registration Form. If any item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "NIA" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions.

1. Name of Property Historic name: Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundaiy increase and additional documentation) Other names/site number: Name ofrelated multiple property------listing: NIA (Enter "NIA" ifproperty is not paii of a multiple prope1iy listing

2. Location Street & number: Roughly bounded by 1st St. NW, 1st Ave. NE, 6th St. NW and 1st Ave. NW City or town: Faribault State: MN County: _Ri~·c~e_____ Not For Publication:~ Vicinity: ~

3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this _ nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register ofHistoric Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _ meets _ does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered significant at the following level( s) of significance: _national _statewide _local Applicable National Register Criteria: _A _B C _D

Signature of certifying official/Title: Date

State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government In my opinion, the property _meets_ does not meet the National Register criteria.

Signature of commenting official: Date

Title: State or Federal agency/bureau or Tribal Government 1 National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

4. National Park Service Certification I hereby certify that this property is: _ entered in the National Register _ dete1mined eligible for the National Register _ determined not eligible for the National Register _ removed from the National Register _ other ( explain:) ______

Signature ofthe Keeper Date ofAction

5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply.) Private: 0 Public - Local 0 Public - State D Public - Federal 0

Category of Property (Check only one box.) Building(s) □ District 0 Site □ Structure □ Object □

Sections 1-6 page 2 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

Number of Resources within Expanded Property (boundary increase) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing 65 18 buildings

0 0 sites

0 0 structures

0 0 objects

65 18 Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register: ....:..,4___

Number of Resources within Expanded Property (additional documentation) (Do not include previously listed resources in the count) Contributing Noncontributing 3 0 buildings

0 0 sites

0 0 structures

0 0 objects

0 0 Total

Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register: =19'---- United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

6. Function or Use

Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions.) COMMERCE: TRADE: Business/ Office; Professional; Financial Institution; Specialty Store; Department Store; Restaurant/Saloon

DOMESTIC: Multiple Dwelling; Hotel

GOVERNMENT: Post Office; City Hall

SOCIAL: Meeting Hall

INDUSTRY: Manufacturing Facility

RECREATION & CULTURE: Theater; Music Facility/ Opera House HEAL TH CARE: Clinic; Medical business/ office

Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions.)

COMMERCE: Business; Professional; Financial Institution; Specialty Store; Department Store; Restaurant

DOMESTIC: Multiple Dwelling

GOVERNMENT: Post Office; City Hall

SOCIAL: Meeting Hall

RECREATION & CULTURE: Theater United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

7. Description

Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions.)

LATE VICTORIAN: Italianate, Queen Anne, Romanesque LATE 19th & EARLY 20th CENTURY REVIVALS: Classical Revival, Mission Revival LATE 19th & EARLY 20th CENTURY AMERICAN MOVEMENT: Commercial Style MODERN MOVEMENT

Materials: (enter categories from instructions.) Principal extedor materials ofthe property:

foundation: CONCRETE, STONE, BRICK

walls: WOOD, BRICK, STONE, TILE, STUCCO, SYNTHETICS

roof: ASPHALT other:

Narrative Description (Describe the hist01ic and cun-ent physical appearance and condition of the property. Descdbe contdbuting and noncontdbuting resources if applicable. Begin with a summary paragraph that bdefly describes the general characteristics ofthe property, such as its location, type, style, method of construction, setting, size, and significant features. Indicate whether the property has historic integrity.)

Summary Paragraph

This nomination is a Boundmy Increase and provides Additional Documentation to the Faribault Commercial Histodc District (NRIS 82003011), originally listed in 1982. The nomination includes revised and new descdptions of resources within the 01iginal boundmy, and notes changes to resources within the original district, together with descriptions of resources found within the expanded boundmy. Analysis of integrity for resources eligible under Crite1ion A in the area of commerce is based on the period of significance 1870-1970. The period of significance for properties eligible under Critedon C in the area of architecture is 1870-1898. The expanded district is located in the central part of Fadbault and comprises its commercial center. The original 1982 distdct contained nineteen contributing resources and one United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State noncontributing resource 1 in an area of approximately four acres; the expanded district includes approximately twenty-four additional acres of land and adds 65 contributing resources and 18 noncontributing. Counted among the new resources are four properties that are individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places and contribute to the significance of the expanded district.

Narrative Description

See attached continuation sheet.

1 As part of researching the buildings in the original district it was discovered that multiple resources, counted as single proprietaries in the original nomination, were not functionally related during the period of significance. Although they are now considered combined properties the description and count have been adjusted to reflect the additional information. The WolfBuilding in the 1982 nomination is considered two resources: the Cole Block at 216 Central A venue and Citizen's Bank (I) at 218 Central A venue. The Mortenson and Wachlin, Hamessmakers in the 1982 nomination is now _considered two resources: Berglehner Building at 205 Central Avenue and the Carpenter, Smith, and Shaw Building at 207 Central A venue. Finally, the Clement-McKinstry Building at 11 3rd Street, now considered an addition to the Masonic Block (230 Central A venue), was a freestanding building during the period of significance. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

8. Statement of Significance

Applicable National Register Criteria (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing.)

A. Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. □ B. Property is associated with the lives ofpersons significant in our past. C. Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of 0 construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high miistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction.

D. Property has yielded, or is likely to yield, information important in prehistory or □ history.

Criteria Considerations (Mark "x" in all the boxes that apply.)

D A. Owned by a religious institution or used for religious purposes D B. Removed from its original location D C. A bilihplace or grave D D. A cemetery D E. A reconstructed building, object, or structure

□ F. A commemorative property

□ G. Less than 50 yem·s old or achieving significance within the past 50 years United States Department of the Interior National Park Service / National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions.) Commerce Architecture Politics/Government Industry

Period of Significance 1870-1970 Criterion A 1870-1898 Criterion C

Significant Dates NIA

Significant Person (Complete only if Criterion B is marked above.) NIA

Cultural Affiliation NIA

Architect/Builder Architects: Charles Daniels OlofHanson Hany V. Jones Liebenberg and Kaplan A. Moorman and Company James O'Neill Louis Pinault William Ingemann Little and Hickey Jackson and Stone United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

Contractors: Donald Grant Gallagher and O'Neill Melford Emeiy 0. F. Zimmerman Timothy McCarthy W. E. Jones M. H. Waite Kingsley & Payant

Statement of Significance Summary Paragraph (Provide a summary paragraph that includes level of significance, applicable criteria, justification for the period of significance, and any applicable criteda considerations.)

The Faribault Commercial Historic District, located in the City of Fru.ibault, Rice County, Minnesota, is significant under National Register Cdtedon A in the area of Commerce. These core blocks served as the pdmary commercial business district for the region from the mid-nineteenth century into the mid-twentieth century. Its histodc businesses provided the economic focus ofthe community, offedng goods and services ranging from drug stores to automobile dealerships to meat markets to banks. The development ofthis district reflects local commercial trends, and also represents an important era in social clubs and fraternal organizations in Faribault. The district is also eligible under Crite1ion C due its representative architecture spanning several decades and styles. The original district is now being amended and the boundaries increased to better reflect the historic commercial district's significance. The original period of significance for the district is 1870-1898. This has been expanded [under Cdterion A] to the post-World Wai· II period, 1865- 1970, accounting for buildings that are now at least 50 years of age and that represent a continuation of the historical and architectural development of downtown Faribault. [The period of significance under Criterion C remain unchanged from the original nomination, 1870-1898]. The period of significance begins with the date ofconstruction ofthe oldest building in the district and ends 50-years from the date ofthis documentation.

Narrative Statement of Significance (Provide at least one paragraph for each area of significance.)

See attached continuation sheets. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

9. Major Bibliographical References

Andreas, Alfred T. An fllustrated Atlas ofthe State ofMinnesota. Chicago: A.T. Andreas, 1874. Central Republican. Faribault, Minnesota. The Companion. Faribault, Minnesota. Curtiss-Wedge, Franklyn. comp. History ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota. 2 vols. Chicago: H.C. Cooper Jr. and Co., 1910. Faribault Daily News. Faribault, Minnesota. Faribault Democrat. Faribault, Minnesota. Faribault Pilot. Faribault, Minnesota. Faribault Republican. Faribault, Minnesota. "Faribault's Town and the Historic Commercial District." Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, 1982. Faribault, Minnesota, Citizens' Committee. Frink, F.W. A Record ofRice County. Minnesota in 1868. Faribault: Central Republican, 1868. Powell, WilliamW. A History ofMinnesota. Saint Paul, Minnesota Historical Society, 1924-68. Frink, F. W. A Short History ofFaribault and Some ofIts People. Faribault: Central Republican, 1901. Gebhard, David and Tom Maninson. A Guide to the Architecture ofMinnesota. University of Minnesota Press. 1977. Gottfried, Herbert, and Jan Jennings. American Vernacular Buildings and Interiors: 1870-1960. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2009. Granger, Susan and Scott Kelly. The Faribault Historic Sites Survey: Phase 1: Identification. Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, September 30, 1987. Granger, Susan. Faribault's Historic Contexts: Final Report ofa Historic Preservation Planning Project. Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, June 30,1986. "Historical Information on One Hundred Nine Structures or Sites in the City of Faribault." Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, 1982. Hoisington, Daniel J. A Splendid Little Town: A History ofFaribault, Minnesota. Faiibault: Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, 1994. Holmquist, June Drenning, ed. They Chose Minnesota. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1981. Larsen, Arthur. The Settlement and Development ofRice County, Minnesota to 1875, unpublished master thesis. University ofMinnesota, Minneapolis, 1931. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service I National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State League of Women Voters. Faribault: Your City. Faribault: 1961. Little Sketches ofBig Folk. R. L. Polk and Company, 1907. McAlester, Virginia and Lee. A Field Guide to American Houses. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1984. Meya, Roy W. History ofthe Santee Sioux. Lincoln: University ofNebraska Press, 1967. Mott, Louise. "Faribault's Architecture." Unpublished paper, 1945. Neill, Rev. Edward D. History ofRice County. Minneapolis: Minnesota Historical Society, 1882. Northwest Architect. Rice County Herald. Faribault, Minnesota. Sanborn Fire Insurance Map Company. Faribault, Rice County, Minnesota. New York: Sanborn Map Company, 1884, 1889, 1893, 1899, 1905, 1909, 1914, 1921, 1930, 1950. Shield, M. M. Faribault: Athens ofthe West. Faribault: Faribault Pilot, 1903. Steinman, Richard J. The Story ofthe Early Development ofFaribault, unpublished thesis, Minnesota Histmical Society Collections. Swanberg, L. ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities. Faribault: 1976. Thiel, George A. and Cari E. Dutton. The Architectural, Structural and Monumental Stones of Minnesota. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1933. Warn, Bob, ed. Nuggets from Rice County, Southern Minnesota, History. Northfield: Histmical Society, 1977. Zahn, Thomas R. "Architecture of Olaf Hanson, 1895-1901," National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form, 1990. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

Previous documentation on file (NPS):

__ preliminary dete1mination ofindividual listing (36 CPR 67) has been requested __x_ previously listed in the National Register __previously dete1mined eligible by the National Register __designated a National Historic Landmark __ recorded by Historic American Buildings Survey #______recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # ______recorded by Historic American Landscape Survey # ----=

Primary location of additional data: __x_ State Historic Preservation Office __ Other State agency __ Federal agency __Local govemment __ University __x_ Other Name ofrepository: ---"Ri=·c=e-'C=o=u=n""'ty'--=-'H=is=t=or=i=cal=-::S=oce..::c=ie=ty.1-....______

Historic Resources Survey Number (if assigned): RC-FAC-839

10. Geographical Data

Acreage of Property ----"2~8'---

UTM References (boundary increase) Datum (indicated on USGS map):

0NAD 1927 or □ NAD 1983

1. Zone: 15 Easting: 478586 Northing: 4904843 2. Zone: 15 Easting: 478857 Northing: 4904780 3. Zone: 15 Easting: 478647 Northing: 4904780 4. Zone: 15 Easting: 478653 Northing: 4904564 5. Zone: 15 Easting: 478828 Northing: 4904624 6. Zone: 15 Easting: 478828 Northing: 4904528 7. Zone: 15 Easting: 478714 Northing: 4904528 8. Zone: 15 Easting: 478655 Northing: 4904386 9. Zone: 15 Easting: 478592 Northing: 4904276 10. Zone: 15 Easting: 478 513 Northing: 4904396 11. Zone: 15 Easting: 478396 Northing: 4904399 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State 12.Zone: 15 Easting: 478405 N01ihing: 4904399 13. Zone: 15 Easting: 478405 N01ihing: 4904520 14.Zone: 15 Easting: 478419 Northing: 4904581 15. Zone: 15 Easting: 478530 Northing: 4904570 16.Zone: 15 Easting: 478530 Northing: 4904844

UTM References (additional documentation) Datum (indicated on USGS map):

0NAD 1927 or □ NAD 1983

1. Zone: 15 Easting: 478647 Northing: 4904517 2. Zone: 15 Easting: 478647 N01ihing: 4904407 3. Zone: 15 Easting: 478532 N01ihing: 4904407 4. Zone: 15 Easting: 478532 N01ihing: 4904517

Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries ofthe property.)

The boundary ofthe Faribault Historic Commercial District (Boundary Increase) is as depicted by the dashed line on the accompanying site map. The expanded boundary entirely encompasses the previously listed Faribault Commercial Historic District (NRIS 82003011). An attached property list provides the Rice County property identification numbers for those resources included in the expanded district.

Boundary Justification (Explain why the boundaries were selected.)

The expanded boundary for the Faribault Commercial Historic District includes those properties that are historically associated with the commercial context during its period of significance (1868-1970) and retain adequate integrity to portray their relationship to the historic central business district. The boundary encompasses all of the significant resources and features that comprise the district, as well as eighteen noncontributing resources. The boundary was drawn based on the limits of the Faribault central business district during its period of significance. The boundary has been drawn to exclude parking lots and vacant lots as much as possible, as well as buildings that do not contribute due to modern alterations, modern construction, or residential uses. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

11. Form Prepared By

name/title: Daniel J. Hoisington organization: Hoisington Preservation Consultants street & number: P. 0. Box 13585 city or town: Roseville state: MN zip code: 55103 e-mail [email protected] telephone: 651-415-1034 date: ------

Additional Documentation

Submit the following items with the completed form:

• Maps: A USGS map or equivalent (7.5 or 15 minute series) indicating the property's lpcation.

• Sketch map for historic districts and properties having large acreage or numerous resources. Key all photographs to this map.

• Additional items: (Check with the SHPO, TPO, or FPO for any additional items.)

Photographs Submit clear and descriptive photographs. The size of each image must be 1600x1200 pixels (minimum), 3000x2000 preferred, at 300 ppi (pixels per inch) or larger. Key all photographs to the sketch map. Each photograph must be numbered and that number must correspond to the photograph number on the photo log. For simplicity, the name ofthe photographer, photo date, etc. may be listed once on the photograph log and doesn't need to be labeled on every photograph.

Photo Log Name of Property: Faribault Commercial Historic District City or Vicinity: Faribault County: Rice State: MN Photographer: Daniel J. Hoisington Date Photographed: November 2020 Description of Photograph(s) and number, include description ofview indicating direction ofcamera:

Photo #1 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_000l), 20 pt St. NE, Hotel Brunswick Annex, camera facing northeast. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State Photo #2 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0002), east side 100 block, Central Ave., camera facing northeast.

Photo #3 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0003), 117 Central Ave., Northern States Power Building, west elevation, camera facing northeast.

Photo #4 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0004), 127-129 Central Ave., Elks Hall, west elevation, camera facing northeast.

Photo #5 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0005), street view, west side 100 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing northwest.

Photo #6 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0006), Heimich Building, 114-116 Central Ave., east elevation, camera facing west.

Photo #7 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0007), Batchelder's Block, 120 Central Ave., east elevation, camera facing northwest.

Photo #8 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0008), street view, 2nd St. NE, south elevations, camera facing northwest.

Photo #9 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0009), street view, 2nd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing northwest.

Photo #10 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_00I0), Village Theater, 20 2nd St NE, south elevation, camera facing northeast.

Photo # 11 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic Distiict_0011 ), street view, Centi·al Ave. 200 block, west elevations, camera facing southeast.

Photo # 12 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0012), street view, Central Ave. 200 block, west elevations, camera facing northeast.

Photo # 13 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0013), street view, Central Ave. 200 block, east elevations, camera facing northwest.

Photo #14 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0014), Central Ave., 200 block, east elevations, camera facing southwest.

Photo #15 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0015), street view, south side of 3rd St. NW, north elevations, camera facing west.

Photo # 16 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0016), street view, north side of 3rd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing east. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State

Photo #17 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_00l 7), street view, north side of 3rd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing west.

Photo # 18 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0018), Chase State Bank, 101 3rd St NW, west elevation, camera facing west.

Photo #19 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0019), Voegel's Creamery, 2111st Ave. NW, west elevation camera facing east.

Photo #20 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0020), 208 1st Ave. NW, City Hall, south elevation, camera facing northwest.

Photo #21 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0021), street view, west side of 3 00 block 1st Ave. NW, camera facing northwest.

Photo #22 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0022), street view, north side of 3rd St. NE, camera facing east.

Photo #23 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0023), 26 3rd St NE, U.S. Post Office, south elevation (right), view to northeast.

Photo #24 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0024 ), Hill Furniture Factory, 31 3rd St NE, east elevation on left, view to southwest.

Photo #25 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0025), street view, east side 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing northeast.

Photo #26 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0026), Fleckenstein Block, 301-305 Central Ave., east elevation, view to west.

Photo #27 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0027), Paramount Theatre, 321-323 Central Ave., west elevation, camera facing east.

Photo #28 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0028), Security Bank, 302 Central Ave., camera facing northwest.

Photo #29 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0029), Mueller block, 30 Central Ave., west elevation, camera facing west.

Photo #30 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0030), street view of 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing southwest. United States Department of the Interior National Park Service/ National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NPS Form 10-900 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Commercial Historic District (boundary Rice County, Minnesota increase and additional documentation) Name of Property County and State Photo #31 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0031 ), street view of 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing nmiheast.

Photo #32 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0032), Cosgrove Block, 328 Central Ave., camera facing southwest.

Photo #33 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0033), E. M. Leach and Sons Lumber Company, 16 4th St. NW, south elevation on right, view to northeast.

Photo #34 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0034), street view ofwest side of 400 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing northwest.

Photo #35 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Histmic District_0035), street view ofwest side of 400 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing southwest.

Photo #36 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0036), Farmers and Merchants Bank, 402 Central Ave, south elevation on left, camera facing nmihwest.

Photo #37 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0037), Ochs Department Store, east elevation, 414 Central Ave., camera facing northwest.

Photo #3 8 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_003 8), street view of east side of 400 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing northeast.

Photo #39 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0039), street view of east side of 400 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing southeast.

Photo #40 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0040), Harvey Hotel, 420 Central Ave, n01ih elevation on left, camera facing southeast.

Photo #41 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0041 ), street view of west side of 500 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing nmihwest.

Photo #42 (MN_Rice County_Faribault Commercial Historic District_0042), Central Clinic, left, and Faribault Daily News, 512 and 514 Central Ave., camera facing west.

Paperwork Reduction Act Statement: This information is being collected for applications to the National Register of Historic Places to nominate properties for listing or determine eligibility for listing, to list properties, and to amend existing listings. Response to this request is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended (16 U.S.C.460 et seq.). Estimated Burden Statement: Public reporting burden for this form is estimated to average 100 hours per response including lime for reviewing instructions, gathering and maintaining data, and completing and reviewing the form. Direct comments regarding this burden estimate or any aspect of this form to the Office of Planning and Performance Management. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, 1849 C. Street, NW, Washington, DC. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

7. NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION The Faribault Commercial Historic District is located in Faribault, Rice County in east central Minnesota. Faribault is a city of approximately 22,000 persons, located about forty-five miles south of St. Paul. The expanded Faribault Commercial Historic District consists of 83 resources, of which 65 are contributing, exclusive ofthe previous district. There are eleven noncontributing resources. It encompasses approximately 28 acres. These core blocks served as the primaiy commercial business district for the region from the mid-nineteenth century into the mid-twentieth century. The buildings retain most of their original design features and comprise a visually cohesive grouping of commercial buildings constructed between 1870 and 1970. The district is now being amended to better reflect the historic commercial district as a whole. The original period of significance for the district is 1870-1898. This has been expanded to the post-World War II period, 1865-1970, accounting for buildings that are now at least fifty years of age and that represent a continuation of the historical and architectural development of downtown Faribault. The period of significance begins with the date of construction ofthe oldest building in the district and ends at the 50-year mark reflecting the district's continued significance through 197 5. The city has a long tradition of interest in its past. In 1981 a local ordinance established a Heritage Preservation Commission (HPC) with the expressed purpose of identifying historic, architectural, and archaeological resources. It would become Minnesota's first Certified Local Government (CLG) program. Early planning relied on information gathered in 1981 by the Minnesota Historical Society. Completed by Britta Bloomberg, later director of the State Historic Preservation Office, the survey was basically a windshield survey intended to make a first record of potential historic sites. This led to the listing ofportions oftwo downtown blocks in the National Register of Historic Places. At the time, the state historic preservation office decided to maintain a focused period of significance, so the boundaries were tightly drawn, incorporating twenty commercial buildings constructed between 1870 and 1898. As was typical, the nomination form provided only cursory historical information and little contextual development. Soon after, work began on an ordinance designating a local Historic Preservation District, adopted in 1983. Its initial boundaries stretched north to include the area around the Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour on 2nd Avenue. Following a recommendation from the State Historic Preservation Office, the boundaries were redrawn to focus on the commercial district, yet it still incorporated nearly eight blocks. The HPC has design review responsibilities for this local district, certified by the National Park Service. Indeed, the design review application forms, now covering three decades of change, offer testament to the role ofthe HPC in renewing the downtown. The city's Heritage Preservation Commission recognized that the National Register Commercial District excluded several distinguished properties, so in 1994, stand-alone NRHP nominations were completed for four additional downtown buildings: City Hall (208 1st Avenue NW), the Thomas McCarthy Block (24 3rd Street NW), the Batchelder Block (120 Central Avenue N), and the Adam Weyer Wagon Shop (28 2nd Street NE). These are now incorporated into the district boundai·ies. The setting for the commercial district is the west bank ofthe Straight River, which runs roughly north-south through town. There is a slight rise from the river, broadening into a relatively flat plain to the west and n01ih. On the opposite bank, the bluff rises precipitously, creating a natural barrier to commercial expansion. The streets are laid out in a grid pattern with Central Avenue, running north-south, as the primaiy commercial avenue. Standard NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice Cou_~-~. Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _2_ width sidewalks flank the street, with occasional trees, utility poles, trash receptacles, benches, and decorative pedestrian-scaled streetlamps. The majority of buildings are either ofthe One-Part or Two-Part Commercial Block types in twenty-three foot widths (considered here as one unit), based on a typical lot size. This consistent unit of measure gives the historic commercial area a sense of visual rhythm. They were typically joined by side party walls, with the commercial business on the first floor and offices or residences above. Styles reflected national trends. Commercial-style buildings, with prevalent ornamental brickwork friezes and ornamented window hoods, were constructed in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The predominantly brick-clad, two- to four-story buildings tend to be vernacular, but design details and the few high-style buildings within the district were visibly influenced by the typical styles ofthe mid-nineteenth to early-twentieth centuries. Stylistic influences within the Historic District include Italianate, Queen Anne, Romanesque Revival, Classical Revival, Twentieth Century Commercial, Art Deco, Modem Movement, and Mission. The integrity of the older structures is generally good, although some upper stories have been altered with window replacement, downsizing, infill, and overall material replacement. Changes to the buildings are often limited to the first-floor storefront, with material and configuration alterations to meet design trends. Such alterations are a common occurrence in small-scale commercial districts. Nevertheless, distinctive elaborate cornices and handsome window smrounds on many of the buildings give the district a historic character that is visually appealing. Many of the commercial buildings have been rehabilitated in recent decades due to the eff01is of community leaders, local history groups, and the Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission. This has created an interesting subset of properties in which the facades appear to be historical, but are, in fact, modern replacements. The surrounding buildings to the north, west, and south are not included within the expanded historic district boundary as they are typically either residential in use, of modern construction, or have been altered sufficiently to lose their historic integrity. Several properties, listed in the local ce1iified district, are not included within the expanded NRHP boundary as they are primarily residential in use and do not contribute to the historic significance ofthe Faribault Commercial Historic District. Properties excluded from Boundary Street No. Street PIN Reason 12 1st Ave. NE 1831126509 Residence. Faribault House is listed in the NRHP. 118 1st Ave. NE 1831126485 Built after period of significance 122 1st Ave. NE 1831126486 Residence 1st Ave. NE 1831126476 Parking Lot 29 1st Ave. NW 1831151001 Residence 104 1st Ave. NW 1831126460 Residence 105 1st Ave. NW 1831126466 Residence 115 1st Ave. NW 1831126465 Residence 116 1st Ave. NW 1831126461 Apartment 128 1st Ave. NW 1831126456 Apartment 28 1st St. NE 1831126484 Gas station. Built 1929. Loss of integrity NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

14 1st St. NW 1831126467 Residence 103 1st St. NW 1831126518 Residence 25 2nd St. NW 1831126464 Residence 111 2nd St. NW 1831126457 Residence 28 Division St. E 1831126508 Gas station. Built 1994, after period of significance 10 Division St. W 1831151002 Parking lot 24 Division St. W 1831151002 Residence/ Parking lot 110 Division St. W 1831126524 Residence 12 Central Ave. 1831126587 Built 1988, after period of significance 9 Central Ave. 1831126505 Built 1940. Loss of integrity. 5 Central Ave. 1831126506 Built 1994, after period of sfo:nificance 100 Central Ave. 1831126468 Parking lot 29 1st Ave. NE 1831126504 Built 1970, after period of significance

Much has changed in the National Register program since the original 1981 nomination. Resources were labeled "pivotal," "contributing," and "intrusive." The historic context, underdeveloped by current standards, limited the period of significance to the years 1870-1898. The boundaries have been revised to focus on creating a cohesive historic district. Properties that were constructed within the period of significance, contribute to the significance of the district, and retain sufficient integrity were deemed to be contributing resources. Several properties with alterations have achieved significance in their own right and retain sufficient integrity to the period of alteration. These have been included as contributing resources. All individual buildings within the district are described in the following section and are arranged numerically by street. Property names are either the owner at the time of construction or the first occupant. Dates are based on the beginning of occupancy rather than the start of construction. In some instances, names assigned to properties within the previously listed NRHP district have been changed to reflect the first owner or occupant. This will be noted within the individual property descriptions.

Resources previously listed in the Faribault Commercial Historic District (NRIS #82003011)

Kaul Block (1896) 201-203 Central Avenue Contributing A, C The Kaul Block is a two-sto1y painted brick commercial building with the primary fa;:ade facing Central Avenue. The storefront was altered after the period of significance, now sheathed in simulated stone. There are two recessed single-leaf, glass and metal-framed doors with the ent1y covered by arched canopies. Near the north entrance, there is space covered with vertical boards and a single, fixed rectangular window, roughly three ft. high and five ft. wide. On the second floor, however, the original design remains intact, with eight arched openings with one-over-one windows. There is a belt course along the top ofthe windows, with a second course between the second-floor windows and the cornice. The decorative cornice includes alternating recessed and raised brickwork with an arcaded course capping the wall. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

On the 2nd Street SE elevation, the ground floor has an enframed space with paired piers on both sides and a shallow entablature with decorative brickwork. That appears to have been an entry door at one time, possibly for deliveries, now enclosed with brick. There is a single-leaf glass door. On the second floor, the window pattern miffors the primary fac;:ade, with arched windows with one-over-one, double hung windows. In the rear, there is a one-story addition, 22 ft. by 20 ft., added after 193 0 but within the period of significance. Local architect OlofHanson designed this building for Everhard Kaul and G. W. Batchelor in 1896. Born in Germany, Kaul came to Faribault in 1869. As an entrepreneur, he ran a grocery store for several decades, although at 401 Central Avenue by 1901. He also operated a brick manufactory during the years that this building was erected. He was, according to the local newspaper, one ofthe largest landowners in Rice County. Kaul also served a city councilman for years. The telephone exchange was opened in this building around 1900. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 1. Kaul Block on far right.) 1

Lieb Block (1882) 202-204 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This property includes the street addresses 202 and 204 Central Avenue. This property is a rectangular block, 44 ft. by 90 ft., with a painted brick exterior and a symmetrical primary fa<;:ade facing Central Avenue. The storefront retains a central secondary entry with stairs to the second floor. This is flanked on both sides with recessed single leaf doors and plate glass display windows. The transom lights have been filled in with a painted panel, as has the full window on the south (2nd Street NW) side. On the second floor, there are seven bays divided by brick piers. Within the bays are nine window openings, featuring segmental arched Italianate hoods and keystones. These alternate in width. The nanower windows are covered with painted wood. The upper wall has arcaded corbeled brick, capped with a raised cornice with brackets. In the semicircular pediment capping the primary facade, it reads ''Lieb." The 2nd Street NW fac;:ade continues the arcaded corbeled brick and raised cornice with brackets. It has six bays, separated by shallow brick pilasters. On the ground floor, the display window opening on the southeast comer has been covered with a wood panel. There is a single-leaf door on the southwest comer. On the second floor, the windows feature segmental arched Italianate hoods and keystones. Richard J. Lieb's family came from the German-speaking province ofAlsace-Lorraine in France, where he was born in 1843. He began by making and repairing shoes, and then moved into retail sales. He opened his first shoe store in Faribault in a small frame building. Following a fire in 1882, which destroyed his store, Lieb erected this prominent business block. The south wall ofthe building was adorned with a sign, painted by Jacob Fink, advertising the shoe store. 2

1 Faribault Pilot, March 19, April 23, 1896; Faribault Journal, November 2, 1897, April 5, 1898, February 26, 1908; Store Building for G .W. Batchelder & E. Kaul, Papers of Olof Hanson, 1862-1948, Gallaudet University Archives. 2 Faribault Democrat, March 8, November 22, 1882; Edward D. Neill, Hist01y ofRice County (Minneapolis: Minnesota Historical Company, 1882), 381. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Berglehner Building (1870) 205 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This two-story brick building has retained much of its original character. The building is visually combined with 207 Central Avenue, to its north, but the two buildings were not functional related during the period of significance. On the south portion ofthe fa9ade, the entry is a recess cant with a single-leaf glass door with metal frame. The display windows have reflective plate glass at present with transom lights above. The bulkhead is a soft reddish brick. The storefront cornice shows a sign that reads Fette Electronics. A stone course separates the second-floor masonry wall from the first floor. At the second floor there are three evenly spaced segmental arched windows with molded hoods and stone sills, enframed by decorative brick. The cornice shows elaborate corbeled brickwork. Built in 1870 this building was built for Joseph Berglehner following a fire that destroyed an earlier store. A native of Prussia, Berglehner was a hardware merchant. A pioneer building contractor, he constructed the stone walls ofthe Immaculate Conception church. The upper hall was the home ofthe Swedish Harmonia Society and used for concerts and meetings. The street front held various retail and service businesses, including Mortenson and Wachlin, harnessmakers, in the late nineteenth century. It was also the location of undertaker D. W. Ray in 1902. 3 This property was listed as Mortenson and Wachlin, Harnessmakers, in the 1982 nomination.

Case Block (1875) 206 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This building is a three-st01y commercial block with a brick exterior, measuring roughly 80 ft. by 22 ft. The storefront, on Central Avenue, has been recently rehabilitated. It is flush to the sidewalk with two side entrances - one (on the south) providing access to the upper floors and the other (north) into the store. It is divided into three bays, separated by wood piers, with reflective plate glass windows on the street level and in the transom lights above. The upper wall is separated from the street level by a raised storefront cornice with

3 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, January 18, 1871; Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, ed. Histmy ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, I: 219. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Carpenter, Smith, and Shaw Building (1870) 207 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a two-story red brick commercial building. The building is visually combined with 207 Central Avenue, to its south, but the two buildings were not functional related during the period of significance. On the street level there is a slightly recessed store entry with a single-leaf glass door with metal framing. The display windows have reflective plate glass at present with transom lights above. The bulkhead is a soft reddish brick. The storefront cornice shows a sign that reads Fette Electronics. A denticulated course and naiTow stone course separate the second-floor masonry wall from the first floor. The upper wall is divided into two sections by brick pilasters. At the second floor there are three evenly spaced segmental arched windows with molded hoods and stone sills, en-framed by decorative brick. The cornice shows elaborate corbeled brickwork Built in 1870 three men invested in the construction. It served as the retail space for Carpenter & Smith, Tailors and Clothiers for more than three decades. Thomas Carpenter was a native of Great Britain and settled in Faribault in 1857. With his partner, Alexander Smith, they owned this property. William Shaw died in 1876. The store, however, continued here into the twentieth century. 5 This property was listed as Carpenter and Smith, Tailors and Clothiers, in the 1982 nomination.

Union Block (1883) 208-212 Central Avenue Contributing A, C Built in 1883 the Union Block is three stories with a red brick exterior. The exterior has an elaborate decorative treatment that includes contrasting stone, terra-cotta tiles and panels, and patterned brickwork. On the street level, the fa9ade retains much of its original design. There are two storefront and a central double-leaf entrance with wood doors. The storefronts on either side have a canted recessed entry to a single-leaf glass plate

4 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, October 27, December 1, 1875. 5 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, January 18, 1871. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Felt Confectionary (1871) 209 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This two-story brick commercial building is a classic nineteenth century storefront. On the lower wall, the storefront is divided into four bays, divided by nanow, grooved piers, with a single-leaf door on the south side of the wall, leading to the upper story. The primary entry is recessed, in the second bay, flanked by two plate windows with transom lights across. The steel beam across the storefront cornice is exposed. On the upper wall, there are three symmetrically placed windows, with one-over-one lights, thin stone sills, and a modest raised hood. The wall ends with a nan-ow brick course and corbelling at the roofline. This appears to have been built in 1871 by Datus Stevens, listed in the 1870 census as a jeweler. The 1910 History ofRice County stated that D. Stevens was a victim of a fire in that same year (1870) and invested $2,000 in 1871 to bring it back into use. Like many early residents, he was a native ofNew York state. He sold the

6 Faribault Republican, November 30, 1883. 7 Faribault Republican, July 27, November 30, December 26, 1883. Faribault Weekly Journal, December 3, 1936. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Bettinger Building (1875) 211 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a two-story brick commercial building, 22 ft. by 74 ft. The street level fa9ade, facing Central Avenue, has a square recessed single-leaf door. There is a secondary entry with access to the second floor on the south portion ofthis fa9ade. The display window space has been filled with vertical batten-type board, with two new horizontally oriented rectangular windows. A large sign covers the transom lights. On the upper wall, there are three bays, divided by raised brick pilasters. These are double-hung with four-over-four lights. There is a solid brick course setting off the cornice with a simple brick corbelstep. Built around 1875, it appears to have been owned first by A. Bettinger. He was a native of Prussia and is listed as retail liquor dealer in 1866 tax records and a saloon keeper in an 1873 state business directory. In 1902, this was the Northwestern Dyeing, Cleaning, and Finishing Company. In the 1902 and 1911 City Directories, this is referred to as the Shanahan Block. 9 This property was listed as Books and Stationery in the 1982 nomination.

Stevens and Co. Druggists (1868) 213 Central Avenue Contributing A, C Built in 1868, this building is a two-story, brick commercial block, similar in scale and design to 209 and 211 Central Avenue. On the street level, the facade has four bays with a canted recessed entry. fa the north bay is a single-entry door with access to the second floor. The primary entry is recessed, in the second bay, flanked by two plate windows. Transom lights complete the storefront. The upper wall shows three symmetrically placed windows, rectangular, with aluminum frames and one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill course across the entire fa9ade. The wall ends with an arcaded, brick, corbelled cornice. Like many early residents, William H. Stevens was a native ofNew York State. One ofthe city's principal founders, Stevens served in many civic posts after his airival in 1856. He operated a drug store here for several decades until his death in 1898. This was the home of David Schulein, clothing, in 1911. In the 1930s and 1940s Tony's Jack Sprat Food Store sold its groceries from here. Between 1948 and 1969 the upstairs was the home of KDHL radio. 10

8 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, January 5, 1876. 9 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Internal Revenue Assessment Lists for Minnesota, 1862-1866; (National Archives Microfilm Publication M774) Records of the Internal Revenue Service, Record Group 58; The National Archives at Washington, D.C., Minnesota State Business Directory (n.p., H. E. Newton & Co., 1873), 90; Owatonna Journal, July 4, 1878. 10 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. It is listed as new construction in the 1868 tax records. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Cavanaugh and Co. Hardware (1878) 214 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This early two-story building has a brick exterior that has been painted and the storefront replaced. On the street level there is a single-leaf door, recessed, on the south side with plate glass windows on the remaining portion. A retractable awning separates the transom from the storefront windows. A stone course separates the second-floor masonry wall with three symmetrically placed, tall and narrow windows. These have one-over-one glazing. Most striking, however, are the elaborate window hoods, slightly raised. The far;ade terminates with a decorative cornice with brackets and modillions. Andrew Bettinger built this commercial block in 1878, replacing an earlier one lost in a July 1878 fire that devastated the block. W. E. Jones was the contractor. His family apparently lived on the upper floor. Its earliest tenants were Cavanaugh Hardware, Dennis Cavanaugh, proprietor. There was also a tin shop in the rear. Cavanaugh came to Faribault from Canada and served in the Civil War. In 1871 he opened a hardware store and agricultural implement store in town. In 1882 Bettinger sold the building to A. L. Hill, who continued to lease it to Cavanaugh. By 1902 Cavanaugh had moved next door into the Union Block. In that year, this was the home ofE. A. Thomas Bicycles, also advertised as "Sole Agent for Edison Phonographs." It was also the address for Hanson Brothers, Printers and Bookbinders. Alfred and Hans Hanson operated this business. In the 1930s and 1940s it was home to Kiekenapp's Hardware Store. 11

Cole Block (1878) 216 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This building is a fine example ofltalianate architecture in a commercial setting. Three stories tall, it is sheathed in buff colored brick. It shares a pedimented cornice, with modill ions, with 218 Central A venue. This broken pediment projects from the cornice with a date plate and finial. On the street level, there are four bays, three with plate glass and the fourth, on the south, with a canted recessed single-door entry. Although the street level has been altered, it retains its basic fmms: divided transom windows, storefront pier, and recess doors. On the second and third floors, there are two three-bay sections with paired windows under single raised hood over the center bay. Upper story windows are intact, with one-over-one lights. Following a devastating fire in 1878, Citizens' National Bank (218) and Gordon Cole (216) erected a new building. The Faribault Republican reported, "The front ofthe Citizens' Bank and G. E. Cole building is to be of Chaska brick." The Faribault Democrat described the construction, reporting, "Next to the bank, and in connection with it, G. E. Cole has erected a three-story building, using the same plan for his front. In fact, the two buildings have been erected as one block, the fronts being the same and connected by a cornice crowning the two as one building and presenting a very handsome and substantial appearance." It is interesting, though, that A. H. Hatch was the contractor for the bank, while W. E. Jones handled construction ofCole's building. After the bank moved to a new building in 1894, John Wolfpurchased property. In 1899 this building was sold to John B. Wolf,

11 Faribault Democrat, July 26, 1878; Faribault Republican, April 30, 1873, May 17, 1882; Edward D. Neill, History of Rice County (Minneapolis: Minnesota Historical Company, 1882), 367. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Hill Block (1874) 217 Central Avenue Contributing A, C Built in 1874 the Hill Block is a substantial nineteenth-century commercial structure. The exterior is brick, now painted. The street level has been altered, with three bays. The center bay is a recessed ent1y, now filled with wood panels except for a single-leaf door. The plate windows are now tinted with three in each bay flanking the ent1yway. The transom lights and sign space are also filled with wood panels. On the upper wall, the building shows its original character, with six bays divided into three sections by shallow brick piers. There are two windows in each bay (on each floor) with elaborate hoods and painted stone sills. The windows themselves have a slight arch at the top. These are double-hung, one-over-one lights. An elaborate cornice with modillions caps the fa9ade. Hill erected this business block in 1874 at a cost of $2,000, described as "handsome and convenient." There were at least two businesses on the street level, with regular turnover through the years. The first occupants were Hill's furniture showroom on the north and LaGrave and Co. on the south side. The third floor was "made up into an Opera House and fitted up in the most convenient and comfortable manner." In 1902 Charles Degen operated a shoe store here. W. Retzlaff ran a clothing store in 1911. Christopher Shanahan operated a farm equipment store here in 1902 as well, 13

Citizens' Bank (I) (1878) 218 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This building is a fine example ofItalianate architecture in a commercial setting. Three stories tall, it is sheathed in buff colored brick. It shares a pedimented cornice, with modillions, with 218 Central Avenue. This broken pediment projects from the cornice with a date plate and finial. On the street level, there are four bays, three with plate glass and the fourth, on the north, with a canted recessed single-door entry. Although the street level has been altered, it retains its basic forms: divided transom windows, storefront pier, and recess doors. On the second and third floors, there are two three-bay sections with paired windows under single raised hood over the center bay. Upper story windows are intact, with one-over-one lights.

12 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, July 24, 1878, March 1, 1899; Faribault Democrat, November 29, 1878; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 104-05. 13 Faribault Democrat, January 8, 1875. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

See the history of the property under 216 Central Avenue. This property, as well as the adjacent Cole Block (216), were listed as the Wolf Building in the 1982 nomination. However, they were not functionally related during the period of significance and are now counted individually.

Post Block (1875) 219 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a fine Italianate style commercial block. It is three stories and sheathed in painted brick. On the street level, the storefront retains its basic form, with four bays, including a single-leaf door on the south side, then the three-part group with a recessed central entry flanked by plate glass windows. The bulkhead is wood. Transom lights are in place, now with tinted plate windows. On the upper wall, there are three bays with double-hung, one over-one lights. All have an elaborate Italianate molded hood. A decorative raised metal cornice, with comer brackets and modillions, caps the wall. Known as the Post Block, it was built in 1875 by Abram Post, a New York native. Post had spent fifteen years as a missionary to Jamaica, moving to Faribault "hoping to restore his health." Called "new and elegant," it was leased out first to Wilson & Bros. Books, Stationary, and Fancy Articles. It was known for a time as the Donahue Building, and was the first home of popular Dusek's Bakery until that firm moved to 223 Central Avenue. In 1924 it was home to the Champagne and Grant Department Store. 14

O'Brien Boot and Shoe (1878) 220 Central Avenue <:ontributing A, C This building is two stories tall with a brick exterior using a buff colored brick. Its basic f01m is rectangular with two three-bay sections separated by a center pilaster. On the primaiy fa<;:ade, the street level has been altered. It retains four fixed plate windows on either side of a central recessed entry and transom lights add to the overall impression. On the storefront cornice is a wooden sign reading Fleckenstein. On the second floor, there are three windows in each bay, one-over-one glazing, with elaborate stone hoods. The wall is terminated with a raised wooden cornice with brackets. This two-story block was erected in 1878, following a fire that leveled much ofthe west side ofthe 200 block. M. H. Waite was the contractor. The southern half of the building (220) was owned by law partners and real estate investors George Batchelder and Thomas Buckham, while the northern half (222) was owned by Dennis O'Brien, a boot and shoe dealer. The Faribault Democrat reported, "Their block will be of brick, two stories, and upon the same general plan as before." Neill's 1882 History ofFaribault states, "Mr. O'Brien's present brick block is the third building erected on the same site by him, and he now carries on an extensive boot, shoe and leather store, also deals in hides and furs." In 1902 this was the location of the Payant Drug Store. In the 1930s and 1940s it was known as the On- Building, home to a large locally owned department store. 15

14 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Democrat, January 8, November 24,1875. 15 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Edward D. Neill, Hist01y ofRice County, 389. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

This property was listed as Fred Fleckenstein Men's Furnishing Goods in the 1982 nomination.

Kinsey Dry Goods (1880) 221-223 Central Avenue Contributing A, C Two stories with a rectangular plan, the building has a painted brick exterior. The storefront has been altered but retains its historic plan, which was a central single-leaf door for the upper floors. The north storefront has its recessed slightly canted entry in the middle, flanked by plate windows. The south storefront has the recessed entry on the south side. Transom lights are in place. On the second floor, there are two bays, each with three hooded second st01y windows, one-over-one, with thin stone sills. The wall is terminated with an elaborate raised cornice with brackets and modillions. The 1889 Sanborn map notes that the north and south stores were divided by a wall on the first floor only. The second floor was a meeting hall. Completed in 1880 the property was owned by two pairs of local real estate investors: Batchelder and Buckham, and Offerman and Eichhorn. It was the home ofPlummer P. Kinsey's Dry Goods Store in the 1890s. A local resident, Kinsey also had a store in Northfield. Upon purchase, he added a sixty-foot addition to the rear. This allowed him to expand his stock, as the Pilot reported, "Besides the large lines ofdry goods, notions, ladies' furnishings, cloaks, shawls, carpets, etc. he has added an elegant and complete line ofgents' furnishings a large and varied line ofjewelry and an immense line ofchoice toilet soaps." Following Kinsey's death in 1897, the F. Z. Sherwood Jewehy Store occupied the space for more than thirty years, until its sale to Martin Weyer in 1929. Local news reported that Weyer "put in a new front" at the time. 16 This property was listed as Kinsey Dry Goods and Pike and Monroe Tailors in the 1982 nomination.

Loyhed Block (1870, 1936) 224-226 Central Avenue Contributing A This building, recently rehabilitated, shows the imprint oftwo distinct styles of architecture. On the street level, it has the look of a 1940s retail store, with a thin polished stone bulkhead, fixed plate glass windows, and a recessed entry with two outward opening plate glass doors. The storefront cornice has bright red metal panels. The second floor however shows some fine Queen Anne style segmental arched windows with raised arched hoods and stone sills. There is a brick course separating the top ofthe wall from the window bays, and the original cornice has been removed. T. H. Loyhed, another New York transplant, owned this building. It was built in 1870 for his hardware, tinware, and stove store. Although the street fa9ade survived the 1878 fire, historic photographs show that the rear was gutted. In 1936 it became the home of S & L Company, a chain department store. The local newspaper stated, "A new front is being built." At the time a twenty-five-foot addition was built in the rear. 17

16 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Democrat, April 16, 1880; Faribault Pilot, October 18, 1894; Faribault Republican, August 29, 1894. 17 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Weekly Journal, April 2, 1936. . NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Levy and Herbst Block (1874) 225 Central A venue Contributing A, C This two-story building is one ofthe earliest on Central Avenue. The basic plan for the storefront remains intact, with four bays, one entry for second floor access on the south end, then a central recessed entrance, single leaf glass plate door, and two plate glass windows on either side. The bulkhead is brick. The transom lights are in place, although now with tinted glass. On the upper wall, there are three windows, double-hung, one-over-one lights, with elaborate Italianate hoods and stone (painted) sills. The cornice is very plain, and the original raised cornice has been removed. There is metal coping on the top. Historic photographs show that, originally, it had a wide metal cornice, similar to 223 Central Avenue. Built in 1874 it was owned by Henry Herbst, a native of Germany. When the building opened, the Faribault Republican rep01ted, "Mssrs. Levy and Hebst have removed their stock of goods to their new building on Main street, opposite the First National Bank. They now have one ofthe finest stores in the city." After their business closed, this was the home of C. E. Smith Books. Over the years this remained a popular retail location, home to Cassie Grant's women's clothing store in the mid-twentieth century. 18 This property was listed as C. E. Smith, Books and Stationery, in the 1982 nomination.

Mee Brothers Dry Goods (1868, 1925) 227 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This commercial building is a rust-colored brick block, rectangular in plan with a 22 ft. width. The street fa9ade, facing Central Avenue, retains the traditional form with a recessed canted primary entry in the center with plate glass display windows flanking. The storefront is finished with polished black Vitrolite or Carrara panels with art deco lettering with the words, "Jewelers Since 1925. Diamonds." There is a secondary entrance, flush with a single-leaf door, on the north portion ofthis fa9ade. Shallow brick pilasters frame the second floor with three symmetrically spaced rectangular windows with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill course. A corbeled brick cornice caps the wall. Built in 1868 this was originally the home of Mee Brothers Dry Goods. Thomas Mee, one of the city's first settlers, was a native ofNew York. For many years, he was cashier ofthe First National Bank, and joined with his brother in this store. In 1882 it became Dandelet Dry Goods, but within a few years, J. J. Donahue opened a jewelry store here. In 1925 Dandelet Brothers Jewelry Store opened "an entirely new Jewelry Stock at 227 Central Avenue, in the location formerly occupied by the Donahue Jewelry Store." Chauncey and Arthur Dandelet ran the store. They converted the storefront at the time. 19 This property was listed as Dandelet Dry Goods in the 1982 nomination.

18 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, September 9, December 16, 1874. 19 Faribault Weekly Journal, November 5, 1925; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 387. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Citizens' National Bank (II) (1894) 229 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This two-stmy commercial block was built in 1894. It suggests the influence of the Richardsonian Romanesque style with its use of deep-red brick and heavy stone sills, lintels, and a rusticated water table. There is one bay on the Central Street side with eight on the 3rd Avenue elevation. There is a canted comer entty with a full stone arch with a keystone over a plate glass single-leaf door. On the Central Avenue fa9ade, there is a single plate glass window with a full arch on the ground floor and paired rectangular windows on the second. These are framed by paired pilasters, a wide stone lintel, and a stone sill course. On the north elevation, facing 3rd Avenue NE, the fenestt·ation repeats the design from the Central Street fa9ade. The windows on the first floor are set within arches, although the upper portions have now been enclosed with painted wood panels. Paired pilasters separate second floor windows, which have one-over-one or two-over two glazing. The upper windows have a rusticated stone sill course and wide stone lintels. Historic photographs show a wide wood cornice with modillions (now removed) above the decorative brick frieze. There is a single leaf door on the 3rd Avenue elevation. From that door to the east is the 1908 addition. It uses the same motifs. Owner of a hardware store in Madison, Wisconsin, Hudson Wilson moved to Faribault in 1857 and opened a private bank with his brother, Hiram. Fourteen years later, the Citizens' Bank was incorporated and organized as a national bank in 1871. By 1894 the bank was ready for new quarters, built at a cost of $10,000. A local newspaper repmied: "The present building marks another step in the advancement of our city. It has a central location, cornering upon two principal business stt·eets and commanding from its front windows an excellent view of the business center." Several writers remarked on the full-arched corner entry, and the use of Duluth sandstone and Menominee brick. Local contractor Cormac McCall completed the stonework. Much ofthe praise, however, was directed to the vault, constructed by the Diebold Safe and Lock Company of Canton, Ohio. A published description stated, "The door jambs are so perfectly fitted that it is impossible for the most skilled burglar with his modern appliances to effect an entrance in any way." There was an addition to the rear in 1908, designed by Minneapolis architect Lowell Lamoreaux. 20 After Hudson Wilson's death in 1903, the bank continued to prosper, and one historian noted in 1914 that, "The bank has continued uninterruptedly to transact its growing business and today the Citizens' National Bank stands as a representative of all that is best in our national banking system." In 1929 the bank decided to move to newer, more spacious quarters on the comer of Fourth Street Wand Central Avenue. Within days ofthe 1933 bank holiday, Citizens' Bank was placed in receivership and never reopened its doors. 21

Masonic Block (1878, 1938) 230 Central Avenue Noncontributing The Masonic Temple is an impressive three stories in height, sheathed in brick. It runs 41 ft. along Central Avenue and more than 100 ft. facing 3rd Street NW. The primary commercial entry is on Central Avenue, under a

2°Faribault Republican, November 9, 14, 1894, July 29, 1908; Faribault Pilot, November 23, 1893; Faribault Journal, February 25, 1908. 21 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A Histmy ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 151-52. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Clement-McKinstry Building (1878) 11 3rd Street NW Contributing A, C This property is cmTently associated with the Masonic Building Association (23 0 Central) but is counted as a separate resource based on its history. It is a two-part commercial block. The exterior is a painted brick. On the street level, the exterior has been covered in the same square red tile found on the Masonic Block. There is a recessed cant entry with aluminum and glass door and glass display windows. The two-panel transom uses reflective glass. The upper wall is generally intact. There are two narrow segmental-arch windows, two-over-two, with a brick pier dividing the bays. The windows have raised brick hoods. Below the windows, there is a corbelled storefront cornice. The upper wall is topped by a parapet and corbelling. This was built in 1878 following the fire that leveled much ofthe block. In August 1878 a local newspaper reported, "The contract for excavating Clement & McKinstry's building, next west ofFirst National Bank, has been let." The original owners, Thomas Clement and Archibald McKinstry, were prominent citizens. Clement was a member ofthe state house ofrepresentatives and state senate. McKinstry was publisher ofthe Faribault Republican newspaper. Both had business connections with the First National Bank, located in the adjacent Masonic Block. In the 1930s and 1940s it was home to Brekke's Grocery. 23

22 Faribault Daily News, April 5, 1974. 23 Faribault Democrat, August 23, 1878; Curtiss-Wedge, History ofRice and Steele Counties, I, 537-38. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Resources within the Expanded District Boundaries

Firestone Store (1955) 2031st Avenue NW Noncontributing This building is a converted service station. One story in height and triangular in plan, the primaiy fa9ade extends at a 45-degree angle between 2nd Street NW and Ist Avenue NW. This left the southwest corner of the lot open for drive-thru gas pumps, removed more than thirty years ago. The exterior is sheathed in a medium brown face brick with a wide band of concrete panels between the windows, emphasizing long horizontal lines. The upper wall terminates with concrete coping. On the southeast corner, the former office remains intact, with a single-leaf door and new brown-colored metal and tinted plate glass. Since 1982 three garage doors have been removed and replaced with large, fixed metal and plate glass windows. This building was erected in 1955, when it was home to the Firestone Tire Company. At the time, the business, under E.W. Fechner, moved here from 303 Central Avenue. It was also home to Timmy's Florist in the 1980s. It is considered noncontributing because of a substantial exterior remodeling completed in 2007, after the period of significance. 24

City Hall (1898) 2081st Ave NW Contributing A, C Faribault City Hall has a rectangular plan with five bays on 1st Avenue NW, and three bays on 2nd Street NW. The two-story red brick structure, using St. Louis hydraulic pressed brick, stands on a raised basement of rusticated red sandstone. Both street fa9ades are symmetrical with an entiy in the center bay. The south entry features double doors framed by paired columns of granite supporting a sandstone entablature. The east entiy features double doors set in a stone ai·ch with stepped radiating voussoirs and engaged columns. The bay above the east entry is recessed with City Hall engraved in a stone slab above the second-story window. Two continuous stone bands separate the first and second floors. First-floor windows are rectilinear with radiating voussoirs. Second-floor windows consist of a lower rectilineal' section and an arched transom and are separated by engaged plasters with capitals. A complete entablature and parapet caps the building. This property is associated with two parking lots, owned by the City of Faribault. In 1894 Frank Little, an insurance salesman, approached city fathers with a proposition: ifhe could sell $700,000 of insurance in town, he would donate $30,000 towal'd construction of a new city hall and library. Once approved, Little selected the location and picked out the architect - Harry Wild Jones. As a young man, Jones had worked as a draftsman for Henry Hobson Richardson, the noted American architect from Boston. Jones opened his own firm in Minneapolis in 1885 and concentrated primarily on commercial buildings and residential homes. In his spare time, he was a professor of architecture at the University of Minnesota and a longtime member ofthe Minneapolis Parks Board. In Jones's plan, "with quiet richness which appeals to the artistic eye," City Hall contained both civic offices and a public library, and the two parts were completely separated by a brick wall extending from basement to

24 Faribault Daily News, July 27, 1955. City Building Permit, 07.1014, 2007. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National- Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _17_ roof. Construction began within a few months, but then Little's insurance sales slumped. Work halted on the unfinished building, while Little pressed forward, eventually mortgaging his house, but he could never come up with the final donation of $10,000. The city council debated its next step, but finally authorized construction to proceed. The new city hall and library finally opened its doors on January 1, 1898, nearly three years after its exterior was completed. In 1980, the building was rehabilitated retaining many details from the original interior. A north addition housing and entryway and elevator were added. Interior features, including original woodwork, leaded glass, and stucco detailing, were retained on the first floor. City Hall is smrnunded by a city parking lot (#1) to the west and north. 25 Faribault City Hall is individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRIS #82003010).

Voegel's Creamery (1922) 2111st Avenue NW Contributing A The Creamery is a one-part commercial block, sheathed in a medium-brown brick. It has three bays, divided by raised brick piers. The northernmost two bays have brown-tinted metal and fixed plate windows with reflective glass, while the southern bay is the recessed primary entrance. It is a single-leaf door. Most striking is the use of prism glass in the transom lights, showing metal tracery. Above the main entrance, it reads, "The Creamery." The quality of craftsmanship continues just above the windows with a soldier brick course, with an additional course between the windows and the roofline. The wall is capped with metal coping. Built in 1922 this was the home ofVoegel's Ice Cream. The company also had a factory on the adjoining block to the north, now demolished. The factory produced butter after Henry Voegel purchased it in 1915 but shifted primarily to producing ice cream after 1922. At that time, they built a retail outlet for their specialty ofice cream. They expanded in 1932, processing and bottling milk. Henry retired in 1956 and sold the business to his brother, Bill, who ran the creamery until 1971.26

City Parldng Lot No. 5 217 1st Avenue NW Not counted Between the Creamery and 3rd Street W, there is a city parking lot. At one time, these lots held three buildings, a two-story commercial building known as the Shanahan Block, variously used as a feed store and as an ice cream manufactory for Voegel Creamery. It was demolished in 1982. In 2019 two additional buildings were demolished to expand the parking lot. 27 3rd Street W was a two-story Italianate building known as Kyllo's Hall when it was built in 1874. The second floor ofthis building had a large public hall and stage, described as "the most capacious assembly room in our city." 225 1st Avenue NW was a one-story insurance office building. Built in 1954 this was the home of Farmers' Insurance.

25 Faribault Republican, November 14, 1894, January 5, 1898. 26 Faribault Weekly Journal, November 8, 1922; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 107. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Baumgarten Bakery (1903) 302 1st Avenue NW Contributing A This two-story commercial block is rectangular in plan. The storefront fa<;ade faces east to 1st Avenue NW. The south fa<;ade, extending 68 ft., parallels 3rd Street NW. This elevation (south) has four bays, divided by raised brick piers. The primary fa<;ade, facing 1st Avenue NW, is a typical storefront with a 22 ft. width. There is a canted, single door entry with a transom light above. The recessed entry shows a metal supporting post. The original storefront glass has been removed. In its place the lower portion has been enclosed, leaving a window in the upper portion ofthe opening. The upper portion of the storefront has been enclosed with what appears to be a metal pane. On the second floor, the fenestration shows three symmetrically arranged, segmental-arched windows with stone sills. The cornice is finely executed brickwork with a series of arches. This building was erected in 1903. According to the city directory, Emelie Baumgarten first began operation of a bakery and confecti~nary at this location in 1899. After purchasing the property, the Faribault Journal reported, "Mrs. Baumgarten intends to erect a two-story modern brick building on this corner and use the first floor as bakery and the second floor for living rooms. The new building will have a frontage of 23 ft. and will be 68 ft. long will be built of pressed brick. The main entrance will be on the corner and will be a handsome one. The contract has been let to contractor O'Neil and it is expected the building will be completed by the first of October." She continued here with a grocery/ bakery until around 1929 when she moved to Minneapolis. It now houses offices on the first floor and apartments on the second floor. It remained a grocery until at least 1950. 27

Bultmann Insurance Agency (1955) 306 1st Avenue NW Contributing A This is a one-story commercial, concrete block building with a rectangular footprint. The original building was 25 ft. wide and 36 ft. in depth, with a substantial addition to the rear in 1998. The east facade is sheathed in a light brown brick laid in a common bond. The fenestration is a recessed central entrance with a plate glass single leaf door. The entrance is flanked by large rectangular plate glass windows with header bricks used for the sill. This building originally housed insurance agency owned by Erwin Bultmann. After WWII Bultmann became associated with State Farm Insurance but worked out of a home office until moving to the address in 1955. It is currently home to Rice County Abstract and Title Co. 28

Deverey Sanitary Dairy Company (1913) 308 1st Avenue NW Noncontributing This commercial building is three parts. The two-story portion, facing 1st Avenue NW, is on the north half of the property. This was erected as a butter and ice cream factory. The building originally had a white glazed brick exterior, now covered with stucco, and a sloped composition roof. Fenestration shows three evenly-space rectangular windows with aluminum framing and one-over-one sashes. The stone sills have been painted.

27 Faribault Pilot, July 31, 1902; Faribault Journal, July 4, 1903. 28 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

The southern portion on 1st Avenue NW is a one-st01y block. The rear section ofthis was originally the cooler. Between 1930 and 1950 an office was added in the space between the original cooler and the street. The primary fa<;:ade unifies these two sections with a wood shingled pent roof across the first floor. On the street level, there are three glass block windows on the south, with a single-leaf plate glass door with aluminum framing. The northern half ofthe fa<;:ade had a second single-leaf plate glass door with aluminum framing. In place of the storefront there is a three-part, octagonal window. The third part of this building is in the rear, used a shipping dock. It is also one-story, built of concrete block and faced with brown brick. It has a concrete floor. This building was built in 1913 for the Deverey Sanitaiy Dairy Company, shortly after J. A. Emerson bought a half-interest in the business. With the additional capital, the company built this facility. The Faribault Journal reported, "Mr. Deverey ... recently erected a fine new building and is in close touch with the dairying interests of Southern Minnesota." The company "supplied milk and cream to many residents of the city, while their ice cream is sold not only in Faribault but in a number of neighboring towns." It later became the Marigold Dairy. 29 The building is considered noncontributing because of the substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

E. F. Kelly Grocery (1898) 3101st Avenue NW Contributing A, C This is a two-story commercial block with a red brick exterior with the primary fa9ade facing 1st Avenue NW. The storefront has been altered, with a stuccoed exterior and three fixed plate windows. The primary entrance is on the northern portion ofthis fa9ade, recessed with a single-leaf plate glass door with metal surround. There is a secondary entrance with a metal door on the south portion ofthis facade, providing access to the second floor. A cloth awning overhangs the storefront. The upper wall of the primary fa9ade is separated from the street level by a stone course. The openings have three rectangular windows with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill running across this fa9ade. Above the windows are heavy stone lintels. The upper facade has a masonry wall with two brick courses and a wide stone course. The cornice shows decorative stepped brickwork. The north elevation, extending 68 ft. to the rear ofthe lot (west), faces a parking lot that is associated with this property. Its exterior is stuccoed in a medium red color. On the ground floor, there are three rectangular fixed plate windows. On the second floor, there are four double-hung segmental arch windows. This was built for Edward F. Kelly around 1898, used for his grocery. He remained in business here until at least 1913 when he became county recorder. Kelly also served as chief ofthe city's fire department. 30

29 Faribault Journal, October 1, 1913; The Catholic Bulletin (St. Paul, Minn.), December 1, 1947; The Creamery and Milk Plant Monthly II:6 (February 1914), p. 40. 3° Faribault Journal, August 27, 1902. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundmy incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _20_

Brunswick Hotel Annex (1896) Annex Stable (1906) 20 1st Street NE 2 Contributing Resources A This two-st01y brick house has a hipped roof with cross gables on the southeast and west elevations. The most striking feature is the full far;,ade, wrap around porch with decorative spindle work. Windows are generally surrounded with heavy stone lintels and nanower rough-hewn stone sills. They generally have one-over-one glazing. There is a box bay window on the west side near the front ofthe house. In later years a small two-story wood addition was erected off the back. This property also includes a brick stable, dating from 1906. This box-like building has multiple windows. The entrance on the alley, and its windows, have segmental brick arches with a lintel ofthree rows ofrowlock bricks on the ground floor windows. The entrance, also with a segmental arch and triple rowlock, is recessed with a single-leaf door. Windows are double-hung, one-over-one. The building features a flat roof with metal coping. It has been converted to residential use. The home was built for Warren D. Fox, the owner of the Brunswick House. It was his private residence and he maintained ownership after the sale of the hotel to Charles Baldwin in 1901. Fox died the following year and the house was sold to Baldwin in 1905 to use "as an annex to his hotel." Baldwin owned several thoroughbred racehorses and erected the stable "brick and modem in all respects," in 1906. W. S. Kingsley was the contractor.31

City Parking Lot No. 7 12 2nd Street NE Not counted This is a city parking lot located on the north side of 2nd Street NE. The lot is formerly associated with commercial buildings that were demolished at some point after the period of significance. There are no permanent structures or landscaped areas associated with the parking lot. When the 1982 survey ofthe downtown was completed, there was the site ofthe Hotel Monica, a circa 1880 building. It was demolished in 2009.

Herman Herter, Tailor (1880 ca.) 16-18 2nd Street NE Contributing A This property includes the original two-story brick commercial building, built around 1880, and a one-story addition, built in 1950. The older portion, on the east, uses red brick and is approximately 21 ft. wide and 30 ft. deep. There are four bays on the street-level. Three are evenly proportioned while the east bay is roughly half the width with a wood entry door leading to the second floor. The double-leaf door is located in the central bay. The bulkhead is wood. The windows are fixed plate, single pane on either side, with transom windows above. A shallow bracketed wood cornice divides the street level from the upper wall. Here there three symmetrically

31 Faribault Journal, May 29, 1901, July 16, 1902, November 22, 1905, February 14, August 15, 1906. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Mullen Motor Company (1948) 20-24 2nd Street NE Noncontributing This was originally an auto dealership. Looking at its current configuration, it is a low, horizontally oriented building with little ornamentation. It is 65 ft. across the street side. What had been three large plate showroom windows on the western portion (left) have been replaced with five fixed plate windows and a single-leaf door. Auto bays with roll up doors have also been replaced with tinted fixed plate windows. Also associated with this property is the concrete block addition on the east (right when facing from the street). This concrete block building is twenty-six by sixty-four, with a flat roof. The street facade is closed except for a single-leaf metal door. The glass block window, vertically oriented, is original. The garage-type door has been filled in with concrete block, although the outline is visible. At the rear of the building are two rollup type doors for delivery. This was built in 1948 for Mullen Motors. R. W. Mullin operated an Oldsmobile dealership, showing new cars in the front section and maintaining garage/ maintenance shop in the rear. At the time it was described as a "one-story, brick front building," constructed by the Madsen Company of Minneapolis. The conversion from auto repair to office space, with substantial changes to the fa<;ade, took place in 1993. 33 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Adam Weyer Wagon Shop (1874) 32 2nd Street NE Contributing A, C This is a two-story vernacular limestone industrial structure situated on a corner of a city block. The main elevation is located along 2nd Street NE. The wagon shop is constructed of limestone from the Cromer quarries located 1 1/2 miles east ofthe city center. The structure has a simple rectilinear footprint with an approximate thirty-foot exterior width and approximate 65 ft. depth. It has load bearing exterior walls and an inclined flat roof with a gradual slope to the north. The main elevation consists of three bays, two sets of windows originally

32 Rice County Directory (St. Paul, Minn.: R.L. Polk and Co., 1888). The directory lists Herter at this address. A review of the 1880 federal census suggests that the Herters lived here that year. Faribault Journal, August 2, 1916. 33 Faribault Weekly Journal, September 16, 1948. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

R. J. Lieb Building (1905) 14 2nd Street NW Contributing A This is a small, but well-proportioned, two-story brick block. The storefront consists of an off center, glass entry door, next to a similar door to reach the second floor from the street level, then two large fixed plate glass storefront windows with a panel bulkhead below. An awning shields the street level from the sun. On the second floor, there are three symmetrically placed 1/1 windows enframed in corbeled brickwork. Above is a cornice with patterned brickwork. Built in 1905 by R. J. Lieb, owner ofthe Central Avenue commercial building on the same lot. The Faribault Journal noted, "The new building will be 23 by 66 ft. in dimensions and will be a modern brick block. The lower floor will be used for a store, and the upper will be made into a six-room flat."35

DeForest A. Skinner Creamery (1908) 18 2nd Street NW Contributing A This is a two-part brick commercial building. Although it stylistically similar to its eastern neighbor, it was built a few years after. A classic storefront facade, it is framed by two brick piers. It has a single-leaf door on the

34 Faribault Republican, September 16, 1874; Faribault Journal, Febrnmy 26, 1908. 35 Faribault Journal, August 30, 1905. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Village Theater (1946) 20 2nd Street NW Contributing A The impressive front shows the street level, covered by a curved aluminum canopy with a prominent vertical sign element reading "VILLAGE". Two primary entrances using double glass doors are found on the central and west pmt ofthe fa9ade, while a curved ticket window opposite a recessed display case are on the east. Polished stone panels enhance the feeling of elegance. On the upper wall, the central bay is sheathed in maroon panels with a stepped and recessed vertical window opening. The rest of the facade uses a buff colored panel. The 6, 100- square-foot building includes offices, a kitchen, a large dining and recreational hall, classrooms and a front lobby. Tue rear of the building, however, shows its origins as an armory. The building was constructed in 1896 as an armory for the local National Guard unit. It was designed by St. Paul architect A. F. Gauger. In 1946 following construction of a new armory, the building was converted into a motion picture theater. Architect Perry Crosier, in association with the architectural firm ofLiebenberg, Kaplan, and Perry, remodeled the front into a late-Streamline Moderne style. Liebenberg and Kaplan were noted for designing more than 200 motion picture theatres in the Upper Midwest, many ofthe early ones featuring an art deco style. After the theater closed in the 1970s the structure was used for a variety of purposes, including as a bar and an appliance-storage facility. 37

36 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, ed., History ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, I, 520; Faribault Journal, November 13, 1907, June 24, 1908. ' 37 "Village Family Theatre in Faribault, MN," Cinema Treasures, accessed September 12, 2018, http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/8145. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Goblirsch Dental Office (1950) 21 2nd Street NW Contributing A This is an example of post-World War II modem movement architecture as translated to Main Street, U.S.A. It measures 24 by 27 ft. and low and horizontal in orientation with the band offour plate windows across the front and the aqua metal flashing on the roofline and piers. The entry is set back five ft. with a single-leaf wood door. Windows on the sides are narrow, horizontal fixed plate. Also contributing is the tan brick planter offthe northeast comer and the brick retaining wall offthe northeast comer. This was built for dentist Albert Goblirsch in 1950. Goblirsch came to Faribault in 1929, following graduation from the University of Minnesota. For many years, he maintained an office in the Paramount Theater building before moving to this address.

City Parldng Lot No. 13 17 3rd Street NE Not Counted This is a city parking lot located on the south side of 3rd Street NE. There are no permanent structures or landscaped areas associated with the parking lot. Between 193 8 and 2018 this property was the site ofa one-st01y building, first used as an auto showroom and service area. In 1953 it was taken over by E. B. Crabtree, wholesale confectionaries. It used the rear for storage and shipping. In 1965 the Knights of Columbus acquired the building for their hall. It was tom down in late 2018.38

U. S. Post Office (1911, 1965) 28 3rd Street NE Contributing A The U. S. Post Office is a two-story building influenced by the Classical Revival style. The primary facade has five bays on both floors. On the street level, these are tall with full arches above using two rows of bricks and keystones. The entry, though, at the center bay, has a terracotta surround. Windows are ten-over-ten, double-hung with fanlights above. These are the result of a recent rehabilitation. On the second story, there are paired rectangular windows, double-hung, four-over-four. The sills are stone while the lintels are flat arch header brick rows with keystones. There is a slightly raised stone lintel course. Above, there is an elaborate cornice with modillions and egg-and-dart designs. The parapet shows diamond-shaped brick inlays, while a stone inlay reads "United States Post Office." The east and west elevations repeat the architectural details found on the 3rd Street fa9ade, with three bays per side. The addition, built within the period of significance, more than doubled the size of the building. It measures 113 ft. along the 1st Avenue side and 64 ft. across the rear. The 1st Avenue side features seven recessed bays with paired double-hung, six-over-six windows on the both the first and second floors. The cornice is a simple ogee terminating in a concrete cap. There is also a covered loading dock on the west side.

38 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histo,y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 152. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

The Post Office, completed in 1912, uses the Classical Revival style that was becoming standard for federal buildings as the Treasury Department's Supervising Architect's office took control ofthe system. Designed by Minnesotan James Taylor Knox, it has served the city since then. There was a substantial addition to the rear in 1965. It is considered contributing to the commercial district since its services, many business-related such as 39 banking and shipping, drew people to the downtown district. ·

A. L. Hill Furniture Factory (1875) 31 3rd Street NE Contributing A, C The Hill Furniture Factory is a three-story brick building with the primary fa<;:ade facing 3rd Street NW. On the street level of this facade, there are seven bays across, with a center double-leaf door flanked by three plate windows on either side. Above are multi-paned prism lights. On the upper wall, there are five bays with three sections, divided by brick piers, which create elliptical arches. The center bay has wide twelve-over-twelve double-hung windows, while the other bays have narrower twelve-over-twelve. All have a double-header brick relieving arch. The cornice is patterned brickwork. On the east and west elevations, the building has eight bays on three floors, divided by full height piers creating elliptical arches, identical to the primary fa<;:ade. Windows are twelve-over-twelve with stone sills. A rehabilitation was completed in 2006. As a young man, Ansel Hill looked for gold in the hills of California, but he found his fortune in Faribault, Minnesota. Born in 1829 in Massachusetts, he headed to the west coast in 1853, taken up with Gold Rush fever. When he failed to strike it rich, he moved to Faribault two years later, where he began manufacturing furniture. By 1863, Hill employed more than twenty men at his factory, while also serving as the town's only undertaker. After that building was destroyed in a fire, he built a new factory in 1875, which is still standing at 31 3rd Street Northeast. From 1912 to 1934 this building housed the Shaft-Pierce Shoe Company. Following closure ofthe shoe factory, Allan 0. Landkamer moved his retail furniture store here in the late 1940s. A former employee, Dick Schuler, recalled, "We used the basement and the first and second floor for display," Schuler said. "And the 3rd floor was a warehouse." The company remained in business here until 1974.That year G & G Furniture opened here. 40

J. M. Nelson Building (1878) 13 3rd Street NW Noncontributing This is a two-story brick commercial building. The building is rectangular in plan with a 22 ft. front, extending 40 ft. from the street to the rear. The primary fa<;:ade is framed by brick piers. The storefront has a center recessed entry with a stuccoed bulkhead. Above the plate glass windows is a transom. A secondary entrance, providing access to the second floor, is flush on the east side of the primary fa<;:ade with a single-leaf glass door with metal surround. Between the storefront and the upper wall, there is a corbelled brick course. The second floor, originally brick, has been stuccoed, diminishing its integrity. There are three bays, divided by raised brick. Windows, one-over-one, have segmental arches with raised hoods and stone sills. There is a string course of

39 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histmy ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 52-54. 4°Faribault Republican, April 10, 1912; Faribault Daily News, April 18, 2011. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service ' District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _26_ brick between these windows and the raised cornice. The west elevation fronts an alley. On the ground floor, there is a single-leaf door at the rear. On the second flo01~ there are two one-over-one rectangular windows with stone sills. John M. Nelson, a carpenter and joiner from Kentucky, built this commercial block in 1878. For more than fifty years, it was the home to Herny Kleven's shoe store. Called "one of the best equipped shoe stores in southern Minnesota," Kleven used the first floor and basement for displaying his goods. 41 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Mathieu Block (1896) 14-16 3rd Street NW Contributing A, C This is a substantial three-story commercial brick building, designed by local architect Olaf Hanson. The street level has been substantially altered with only hints of the original appearance. Windows have been boarded over with vertical wood. The design shows three primmy bays with a simple one-door entry on the west side of this elevation. Within the three bays there is a central slightly recessed ently with double doors opening outwards. Above the street fa9ade is a heavy metal fixed awning. The upper wall, however, shows some of Hanson's craftsmanship. There are two sections divided by a shallow brick pier. Within those sections there are four windows on each floor, bringing the total to sixteen on the primary fa9ade. These appem· to be relatively new replacements with one-over-one lights, and aluminum frames. Above that there is an arcaded corbelled brick cornice. The upper parapet is capped with a band of metal coping. On the west wall, facing the alley, exposed brick suggests that an addition was placed on the building and an uncertain date. Following a September fire that destroyed Mathieu's existing wood-frame building, he built this three-story commercial block in 1896, designed by local architect Olaf Hanson. The Faribault Pilot reported, "The structure presents a beautiful and imposing sti·ucture." It appears that the first tenant was the Weinfeld Brothers Clothing Store, run by Charles and Alexander Weinfeld. Their name is still found painted on the east wall of the building. However, they remained here only a few years. At the time they also owned a clothing store in Wausau, Wisconsin. During the early decades of the twentieth centmy, it was known as the Holmen Block, owned by saloonkeepers Carl and Louis Holmen. The sti·eet level held Charles H. Johnson clothing store while its upper hall became home to the Harmonia Society. There were typically a combination of boarders and professional offices in the upper stories. Johnson, who came to Faribault in 1905, ran a clothing store described as "an up-to-date establishment canying besides men's clothing ofevery description, hats and caps and a full and complete line of gentlemen's furnishings, and is a leader of its kind in Faribault." In the 1920s it became known as the Shaft Building, with offices of the Shaft-Pierce Shoe Company in the upper floors and Montgomery Ward's Department Store on the street level. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 5.)42

41 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Journal, February 26, 1908. 42 Faribault Pilot, February 20, 1896; Papers ofOlofHanson, 1862-1948, Gallaudet University Archives; Curtiss Wedge, in a biographical note on G. C. Lindenberg, noted, "From 1896 till 1901 he clerked in Weinfeld Brothers' clothing store." Curtiss-Wedge, ed. Hist01y ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, II, 233. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

City Parking Lot No. 6 15-19 3rd Street NW Not counted This is a city parking lot located on the south side of 3rd Street NW. The lot is formerly associated with commercial buildings that were demolished at some point after the period ofsignificance. There are no pennanent structures or landscaped areas associated with the parking lot. Two older buildings were removed to make way for this parking lot, occupied in the nineteenth centu1y by Wall Hardware and the Faribault Journal.

Degen Grocery (1868, 1882) 20 3rd Street NW Contributing A, C The most noteworthy features ofthis two-story brick commercial building are the three full arched windows on the second floor. These are symmetrically placed, with one-over-one windows and lunette transom lights. The surround has three rows ofgauged header brick and shallow brick piers with metal Corinthian capitals. A brick cornice with

Faribault Federal Savings and Loan Association (1879, 1961) 22 3rd Street NW Contributing A This is a two-story commercial building with 22 ft. width. The primary fas;ade faces 3rd Street NW. This facade reflects changes made in the 1961, within the period ofsignificance. Polished stone panels, dark purple in color, cover the street facade, with three windows, double-hung metal-framed, with one-over-one lights. There is a raise cornice to cap the wall. On the street level, a fixed metal awning hangs over the sidewalk attached by metal

43 Faribault Democrat, December 20, 1882; Faribault Pilot, May 7, 1896. 44 Faribault Journal, June 30, 1938. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Patrick Cuskelly Building (1879, 1950s) 23 3rd Street NW Contributing A This nineteenth centmy building retains some of its original storefront plan but has been significantly altered with the use of simulated stone on the exterior and the replacement of second floor windows with smaller, horizontally divided windows. The upper wall has three symmetrically placed rectangular windows with nanow stone sills. The most distinctive element is the pair of metal columns that flank the recessed entry. These are fluted and have Corinthian capitals. There is a modern double-leaf door, flanked by two plate glass windows. There is also a single-leaf door on the west (right) side. The building was erected in 1878 by saloonkeeper Patrick Cuskelly. Benjamin LaDue and Thomas McCall were the contractors. He sold the property to Thomas White soon after the building was completed, then White sold it to investment partners Batchelder and Buckham in 1884. This was the grocery store ofAndrew Christensen, a native ofNorway. In 1903 0. A. Brekke partnered with Gunder Bakken to purchase the business. Brekke ran the store for forty-five years at this location. It was later the local headquarters ofthe Salvation Aimy.46 Because the alterations were completed in the 1950s, during the period of significance, this building is considered as contributing to the district. The use of simulated stone, with brands such as Permastone and Formstone, became a popular means to "update" older buildings with a "maintenance-free" exterior following its trademark by Pe1mastone in 1929.

45 Faribault Democrat, March 21, 1879; Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histo,y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 112-113. 46 Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histo1J1 ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 104; Faribault Democrat, July 26, 1878; Faribault Journal, February 26, 1908. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Timothy A. McCarthy Building (1884) 24 3rd Street NW Contributing A, C The McCarthy building is a two-story brick commercial block. The building's facade is rendered in the Italianate style with features that include a highly ornate bracketed cornice and flattened arch windows with elaborate enframements. The original storefront remains basically intact with engaged stone columns defining the bays. The central bay door is recessed, flanked by two commercial window bays with plate glass. The upper story ofthe main facade shows superb detailing rendered in a polished marble applied to brick. The second stmy bays are defined by rounded arches with keystones supported on engaged columns with ornate capitals. A highly ornate metal cornice caps the composition, with four brackets and finials and a raised center panel that displays '1894'. Born in County Cork in 1848, Timothy McCarthy came to the United States with his family when he was four years old, settling in Dubuque, Iowa. But after the death of his father, his mother decided to move to the growing Irish community of Shieldsville. After attending Shattuck School for two terms, paid for by a local priest, McCarthy embarked on a successful business career- first as a teamster, and then as a grocer. In 1875, he changed careers, purchasing a granite and marble company, opening a small brickyard on the outskirts oftown, and working as an undertaker. After a fire destroyed his business in 1883, McCarthy acquired this lot and proceeded to tum his storefront into an advertisement for his skills. It is Faribault's only polished marble fa9ade, constructed with stone from Vermont, and rendered in the Italianate style with its highly ornate bracketed cornice and flattened arch windows. This building was used as a grocery when it first opened while McCarthy ran his marble works from a building, no longer standing, on 4th Street NW. When McCarthy died in 1932, his obituary noted, "He was the center ofmany fanning bees and delighted many hearers with his sincere accounts ofpioneer days in Faribault."47 The Timothy A. McCarthy Building is individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRIS #90001161). 48

Borgerson Grocery (1880 ca.) 25 3rd Street NW Contributing A This two-story brick commercial building has been altered on the storefront level and painted white on the upper level. There are brick piers at the edges. The primary entry is on the east side ofthe facade (left) with a band offour plate windows, a brick column, then two more plate windows. The bulkhead is painted brick. On the upper wall, there are three bays, with single windows on the outside and a paired window at the center. These are one-over-one. There is a course of corbeled brick as the wall inset shifts to the roofline. The design is simple and generally unornamented. Built before 1884, this building is shown on the earliest Sanborn Map (1884) and is identified as a grocery. The property owner at the time was A. S. Bloxam, who came to Faribault from Dixon, Illinois, in 1875. He remained the owner through at least 1900. During those years, however, it was rented out to John Borgerson as a

47 Faribault Republican, September 10, November 26, 1884; Faribault Daily News, April 11, 1932. 48 Faribault Republican, September 16, 1874; Faribault Journal, February 26, 1908. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Al's Place (1958 ca.) 28 3rd Street NW Noncontributing The majority ofthis one-story building is stuccoed. Its street elevation is simple with a single-leaf glass door on the west, a tripartite tinted fixed plate window just to the right, and two individual windows, again fixed plate, on the east side ofthe facade. There is a continuous sill that runs under the windows. The facade is veneered in brick bellow the sill. Pilasters of brick bookend the facade and the use of brick extends to the door surround. After WWII Al Jasinski opened a bar/ restaurant on this lot. Around 1958 two, one-st01y buildings were erected on the lot. In recent years, the exterior was stuccoed with the street fa9ade unified as one building. It has been used as a bar/restaurant. The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Healy's Store (1879, 1883) 30 3rd Street NW Contributing A, C This two-story brick commercial building has undergone adaptations over the years. It follows the standard pattern for the city's older commercial buildings with a 22 ft. front. It extends 109 ft. to the rear ofthe lot. The street level has been stuccoed, with buff brick for the storefront and around the windows. The upper walls are original red brick. The primaiy facade faces 3rd Street NW and the storefront has been significantly altered. On the corner of 3rd Street and 1st Ave NW, the canted entrance is set back under a corner post with glass block windows on either side of a single-leaf door. The front has a single plate glass window in landscape setting. A secondary door, with access to the second floor, is on the east portion ofthe wall. A raised metal band serves as a course dividing the lower a11d upper walls. The storefront-supporting beam is exposed. On the upper wall, the three recessed bays have elliptical ai·ches with segmental arched windows, one-over-one, with brick and a stone keystone. The west elevation, facing 1st Avenue NW, consists oftwo section: the original building, roughly 70 ft., and the 1883 addition, slightly lower in height. The oldest portion has a recessed single-leaf door and two rectangular window openings with glass blocks. On the upper wall, sepai·ated by a raised storefront cornice, there are four bays with segmental arched windows, stone sills, and stone keystone in the arch. The 1883 addition has a central single-leaf door, plus a flush single-leaf door on the far end (north). This central entry is flanked by two rectangular glass block windows, oriented horizontally. The upper wall on this elevation is separated by a raised storefront cornice. There are six rectangular windows with one-over-one glazing. In 1855 Jeremiah Healy and his wife, Hannah McCarthy, were the first settlers in Erin Township. They later moved to Faribault, where their twin sons, Edward and Jeremiah Jr., built a brick general merchandise store in 1879. The Faribault Democrat reported, "The stone and brick work has been let to Robert O'Brien and Henry

49 Faribault Pilot, May 14, 1896. Borgerson appears at this address in the 1888 city directory. Cmtiss-Wedge, Histo,y of Rice and Steele Counties, I, 366. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Peltier." They added a substantial addition to the rear in 1883. It was used as a saloon for many years, operated by Sever Foss in the early twentieth centmy. By the 1950s it was known as Harold's Stage Bar, owned by Harold Ollhoff. 50

Chase State Bank (1905) 101 3rd Street NW Contributing A Rehabilitated in 1993, this small structure reflects Classical Revival design principles with its graceful columns and the careful placement of its angled entrance. The plan is rectangular, measuring 45 ft. on the 1st Avenue wall and 25 ft. along 3rd Street. Columns on either side, with simple Doric capitals, frame the single-leaf door, wood and glass. The entablature is stone with "Chase State Bank" carved across the frieze. On the east elevation, there are four bays, three with rectangular windows and the fourth with a single-leaf door with a transom above. On the north elevation, there are paired windows. There is a stone sill course on both elevations. Above the windows there is a raised brick drip course and a raised brick course with

J. L. Frisbie House (1865) 105 3rd Street NW Noncontributing This house was functionally related to 101 3rd Street NW during the period of significance, as a residence for the photographer that worked in the studio. The earlier portion is constructed ofwood. It was a two-story frame building with a hipped roof. There is a one-story shed roof porch on the east elevation. In 1865 the stone building was erected. This is Italianate in influence with a box-like form and a shallow peak hipped roof. There is a hipped porch on the northern elevation. Windows, double-hung with aluminum framing, are modem replacements. J. L. Frisbie built this house in 1861, with a substantial stone addition in 1865. We know little about Frisbie ( or Frisbee, as he is listed in the 1860 census). He appears on the 1860 federal census and the 1865 state census as residing in Faribault with his wife, Caroline, and daughte1~ Lucy. Tax assessments list him as an insurance agent. For much ofthe latter nineteenth century, it was the home ofLouis Peavey, one ofthe city's earliest professional

5°Faribault Democrat, April 18, 1879, May 16, 1883; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota. Historical Society. 51 Curtiss-Wedge, Hist01y ofRice and Steele Counties, I, 392. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

City Parking Lot No.11 10 4th Street NE Not counted This is a city parking lot located on the north side of 4th Street NE. The lot is formerly associated with commercial buildings that were demolished at some point after the period of significance. There are no permanent structures or landscaped areas associated with the parking lot. This was the site ofthe Faribault Co-operative Association. The Association built a creame1y here, costing around $28,000, in 1921.

E. M. Leach and Sons Lumber Company (1907) 16 4th Street NW Contributing A This is a two-st01y brick commercial building with the street fa9ade measuring 22 ft. and a sloped roof. There is an off-center, single entry door with plate glass display windows on either side. On the eastern portion of the facade, there is a slightly recessed single-entty door providing access to the second floor. The bulkhead is brick. Above the store front is a fixed fabric awning. The upper wall is separated from the storefront by a dentiled cornice. On the second floor, above a stone sill course, there are three symmetrically placed rectangular windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill course running the width of the facade. The three windows are framed by brick with a shallow stepped cornice. The wall is capped by raised cornice with a simple corbelled brick design. On the west elevation, opening to a parking lot, there are five rectangular windows on each floor with a shallow segmental arch ofbrick above and brick sills below. The east elevation, facing an alley, has no fenestration. Both east and west walls are :finished with a varied colored brick. This exterior brick is not original but was added in recent years. The E. M. Leach and Sons Lumber Company was one ofthe city's leading businesses in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. E. M. Leach acquired a sash, door, and blind factory in 1866, hiring as many as eighty workers and shipping throughout south-central Minnesota. In 1907 the company was incorporated as E. M. Leach and Sons. At that time, they erected this new building as an office and retail outlet, selling paint, plaster, and building supplies. It remained in business here until 1946.53

52 Internal Revenue Assessment Lists for Minnesota, 1862-1866 (National Archives Microfilm Publication M774, 3 rolls); Records ofthe Internal Revenue Service, Record Group 58; The National Archives at Washington, D.C. 53 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, ed. Hist01y ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, I: 379-380; Faribault Journal, September 25, 1907. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Brunswick Hotel (1930) 101-113 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a three-story building, anchoring the southeast corner of Central Avenue and 1st Street NE. It was built in 1928-30. Rectangular in plan, it measures 134 ft. along Central Avenue and 48 ft. in depth. The exterior facing is a medium brown brick on upper stories, laid in a common bond, and tan brick on first story. The primary facade has seven bays on the street level with six storefronts and a main entrance. These are divided from one another by buff-colored brick piers laid in a common bond. The storefronts all have recessed entries with single-leaf doors. These are flanked by replacement display windows with stone bulkheads. Storefront windows were replaced in 2007. There were transom lights above these storefronts, but all have now been infilled except for No. 109, where they remain intact. The second bay from the north is a primary entrance. This has a double-leaf glass door with metal framing and transom windows above. There is also a small window, inset, with casement windows with brown metal framing. There is a cloth awning extending over this bay. No. 105-107 has a fixed cloth canopy over the storefront. Fenestration on the upper wall includes a rowlock brick sill course below the second-floor windows. Double sash windows are symmetrically placed but in alternating sets ofone and two. Glazing is one-over-one with metal frames. Windows have rowlock brick sills and brick lintels. There is a thin dark brown brick course above the windows. Between there and the top ofthe wall, there are brick diamond insets. The building features a flat roof with a brick parapet and metal coping. On the 1st Street NE elevation, the fenestration continues the patterns ofthe primmy facade. There are five windows on each floor with a metal fire escape. On the ground floor, there is a single-leaf door on the southeast corner. A hotel was built on this site as early as 1856, with the first establishment known as the Barron House, replaced in the 1880s by the grand Brunswick House. Efforts to expand the Brunswick grew after World War I. As early as 1921, owner John Schultz had hired Mankato architect Albeit Shippel to design "enlarging the Brunswick into an all modern hotel building." Soon after the announcement ofthe new Harvey Hotel in 1928, the owners of the Brunswick announced that they would proceed with their plans. It was described as "remodeling the present structure and erection of a large new addition. Eighteen ft. ofthe front ofthe present structure from the basement to the top floor will be cut off." In addition, the hotel would extend an additional 29 ft. offthe rear, creating twenty new rooms. Contractor Walter Butler of St. Paul completed the construction work. The New Brunswick Hotel opened in 1930.54

Faribault Sanitary Cleaning Company (1913) 108 Central Avenue Contributing A The building is a one-part commercial block, rectangular in plan with a sloped composition roof. The fayade uses a cream-colored brick with a common bond. The storefront is a recessed cant with a single-leaf door. The plate windows and door are insulated glass with bronze metal framing, installed in 2005. The upper wall terminates with a row of soldier brickwork. The building features a flat roofwith metal coping.

54 Faribault Weekly Journal, October 19, 1921, October 11, 1928, August 22, 1929. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

This building was home to the Faribault Sanitary Cleaning Company, owned by W. J. Connor. An early advertisement read, "At last Faribault has got a first-class, well-equipped d1y-cleaning plant." Built in 1913, this commercial building has seen several uses over the years. The cleaning company remained in business here until 1936, when Connor sold the business to J. V. Kalahar. In the 1980s this was the Chiropractic Health Center. The storefront was rehabilitated in 2005, removing plywood in the storefront windows.55

Plaskett Garage (1919) 112 Central Avenue Noncontributing This is a one-story commercial building that had its start as a garage. It was substantially altered over the years and the current fa9ade dates from 2007. The storefront was rehabilitated, removing a stuccoed and sheet metal facade. At that time, the fa9ade was sheathed in new half inch thick facing brick. The garage door ( on the south, or left, when facing the building from Central Avenue) was removed and replaced with a recessed single door entry with a dark-brown aluminum-framed framing. There is an additional flush single door entry between two fixed plate windows with metal framing and tinted windows. The upper wall is unadorned and terminated in metal coping. Carl Plaskett built this garage in 1919, opened as the Electric Specialty Company, offering "automobile repairing in general." In 194 7 Gerhardt Mentz acquired the property for his Domestic Laund1y, a dry-cleaning firm. It was later a retail store. 56 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Heinrich Building (1865) 114-116 Central Avenue Contributing A This two-st01y commercial building is constructed of locally quarried stone. The original block is approximately 40 ft. wide and 4 7 ft. deep. On the street level, the storefront has been significantly altered with vertical wood siding, painted a deep red, obscuring most ofthe original details. The cornice is also missing. There is a recessed central entry and on either side are two single-leaf doors with replacement fixed plate windows. The windows on the north side commercial space also have simulated stone bulkheads. The second floor however remains remarkably intact with a central double-leaf door. This is flanked by two windows on either side both with stone lintels and sills. The wood windows have two-over-two glazing. The building features a sloped roof with a metal coping. There is a one-story addition off the rear. Built in 1865 this building is the oldest commercial building in the district and one of Faribault's oldest limestone buildings. It was originally built as a grocery store, owned and operated by William Heinrich, an immigrant from Wiirttemberg. Heinrich also ran a potash processing operation, although we are uncertain as to its

55 Faribault Weekly Journal, May 28, 1913, September 10, 1936. 56 Faribault Weekly Journal, October 29, 1919; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histo1y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 113. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park SeNice District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _35_ location. After 1900 there were two entries, with Lynch Plumbing on the north side and a groce1y on the south half. Around 1960 a one-story addition was built on the rear, adding an additional 28 ft. to the building. 57

Northern States Power Building (1957) 117 Central Avenue Contributing A Although it represents very different era than the stone structures across Central Avenue, this modem commercial building is a good example of 1950s commercial architecture. Two stories in height, it measures roughly 60 ft. across on the primary fa9ade and it is 103 ft. in depth. The most striking element is the wide panel of turquoise metal that stretches across the front. On the immediate street level is a strip of fixed plate windows set at a slight angle with a recessed double door providing entry. The angled front was a common feature in post war storefronts, typically with an asymmetrical door. There is a simple band of metal coping along the top. The entire main block is framed with portions that use a buff colored. brick, as well as a narrow brick bulkhead below the windows. This building was completed in 1957. The Faribault Daily News reported, "NSP recently announced plans to build a new office building in Faribault, headquarters for the Faribault division. 'The steady growth in the use of electricity ... makes necessary construction of these buildings,' Allen King, NSP president said."58

Johnson's Drug Store (1884) 118 Central Avenue Noncontributing This two-story building was significantly altered in the early twentieth century but has recently been rehabilitated. Key defining features -- such as the cornice and second-floor window surrounds are all post-period of significance. On the street level, the exterior is stone. The primary entrance is recessed while a secondary entrance, on the far south of the fa9ade, provides access to the second floor. There is a large plate glass window on the north half of the street fa9ade. A storefront cornice, made of wood and ornamented with brackets, separates the upper wall from the street level. This area has horizontal wood siding. The windows have shallow triangular hoods and are glazed one-over-one. A wood cornice, with four ornamental brackets, caps the wall. Philip Johnson operated a drug store in town for several years until a fire leveled the building in 1884. That year, William Heinrich sold the north third of block 68, lot 3, to Philip Johnson. This building appears on the earliest Sanborn Insurance Map in 1884. Johnson, a native of Ireland, ran the store until his death. After 1900 through at least 1951, the building was home to a bakery and restaurant. A one-story concrete block addition was built in the 1950s, adding an additional 46 ft .. 59 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

57 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. 58 Faribault Daily News, July 26, 1956. 59 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Faribault Insurance Company (1948) 119 Central Avenue Noncontributing Originally, this simple concrete block structure has two large plate glass windows with a primary entrance on the north side ofthis elevation. The upper wall was painted brick. In a 1980s remodeling, the windows were scaled down and set in an inset with buff-brick surround. Currently, in keeping with historic district guidelines, it is painted a subdued mauve with a signage on the upper wall. The overall footprint is 22 ft. wide by 100 ft. in depth. This building was built in 1948 and was owned for many years by the Faribault Insurance Company. Based on historic photographs, the street fa9ade has been significantly altered.

The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Batchelder's Block (1868) 120 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This block is a limestone commercial building with a simple rectangular plan. It measures approximately 28 ft. north to south and 80 ft. east to west on the exterior. The building is constructed of locally quarried limestone rendered in the Italianate style by local architect Charles N. Daniels. It has three stories on the front fa9ade that is divided into three bays with one lesser bay on the storefront level and four equally spaced bays on the upper two stories. Rock-faced columns, which support rounded arches of heavy stone voussoirs with dropped keystones, define the storefront bays. The central door is recessed three ft. and has sidelights and arched panels of glass above that repeat the design ofthe windows in the bays on either side. There are four equally spaced two-over two, double-hung windows with segmental arches on both the second and third story levels. The windows have heavy Italianate stone hoods with keystones and stone syllables. The building originally had a limestone cornice and was replaced with a galvanized iron cornice. This metal cornice was removed prior to 1945. The current cornice was added after tl1e period of significance. It is a raised wood with four modillions with "1868" in the center. This building was constructed in 1868 for civic leader George Batchelder. It retains a very high degree of style and material integrity. Batchelder sold dry goods from the street level and carpets from the second floor. The building has been continuouslY, occupied since that time. A variety of tenants have operated businesses over the years. In 1902 Endres Brothers, bottlers and cigar makers, were located here. Its proprietors were John, Godfrey, and Michael Endres. Charles N. Daniels was a self-trained architect, who worked as a cabinetmaker and carpenter, advertising himself as an architect around 1862. A New Yorker by birth, he moved to town around 1862. During his career, he supervised the construction ofthe exterior stone in the Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour, designed the old Rice County Courthouse, and the First National Bank and Masonic Hall. Daniels moved to Fargo, North Dakota, in 1879, where he designed the NRHP-listed Masonic Hall. He ended his career in Tacoma, Washington. The Batchelder's Block is individually listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NRIS #90001089). NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Reinsch Bakery (1890 ca.) 121 Central Noncontributing This two-story brick building, built around 1890, has been covered in stucco and subject to considerable changes to the street fayade after the period of significance. The ground floor has a multipane, bow front display window, with a single-leaf door on the south (right) side. The upper wall has three symmetrically placed windows. The cornice is slightly raised. The building appears in the first Sanborn Insurance Map, issued 1884 and is the oldest structure on the east side ofthe 100 block of Central Avenue. For around thirty years (1899-1929), this was the home of Joseph Heinsch's bakery. Reinsch was a native of Prussia. In 1912 R. A. Holmberg purchased the bakery, making "some repairs and improvements to the building." It was sold, in tum, to J. F. Basford in 1922. A one-story stuccoed addition, using concrete block, was constructed in the rear in the 1960s. Overall, the building is 22 ft. wide and 100 ft. in depth. There is a one-story garage, twenty-foot square, in the rear, constructed in 1960. 60 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Maid-Rite Sandwich Shop (1946) 122 Central Avenue Contributing A This starkly simple concrete block building, painted red, dates from 1946. Two stories in height, the street facade has a center-recessed doorway with a glass plate door. Two plate rectangular windows, in landscape orientation with stone sills, flank the entry. The only other fenestration is the second-floor windows in a Chicago style pattern, with a stone lintel above. On the north elevation there are three window openings on the street level with fixed plate glass windows. There is evidence of a fourth opening, now closed with bricks. On the second floor there are four windows. The one closest to Central Street repeats the "Chicago-style" ofthe primary facade window, while the others are paired and double-hung. There is a one-story shed in the rear. There is a parking lot associated with the building on the north side. Built in 1946, this was the home of the Maid-Rite Sandwich Shop, run by William Waterbury. Maid-Rite was a franchise in a Midwest restaurant chain, known for its "loose meat" sandwich. When it was sold in 1953, the building was listed as seven-years-old, "22 x 50, two-st01y tile block with a six room apartment upstairs." The advertisement mentioned the adjacent parking lot as income-producing.61

Lang Building (1894) 126 Central Avenue Noncontributing This two-story building, built in 1894, originally had a brick exterior, now covered in stucco with considerable changes to the street facade. 62 It is two-story rectangular plan, measuring 24 by 73 ft. The storefront

6°Faribault Journal, October 16, 1912, August 30, 1922. 61 Star Tribune (Minneapolis, Minn.), August 23, 1953. 62 Additional Documentation, Figure 7, shows a glimpse ofthe original fac;:ade. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Elks Hall (1912) 127-129 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a three-story brick building, erected in 1912 for the local Elks lodge. Rectangular in plan, it measures 44 ft. across its primary facade on Central Avenue and 100 ft. in depth along 2nd Street NE. A 1912 news story noted, "The first floor will be of Bokhara variegated brick, giving a dark red effect, while the other two stories will be of Golden Glaze matte brick, giving a medium light-yellow effect. Blue Bedford stone will be used in the trimmings."64 At the stt·eet level, the exterior is a red brick, while the upper walls are a buff color brick. The building features a flat roof with a brick parapet and metal coping. On the Central Avenue elevation, there is a centered recessed entry with a plate glass, single-leaf door with metal framing and glass sidelights. On the bay to the south there is a plate glass window and a single-leaf door with access to the second floor. The tt·ansoms have been infilled. On the north bay, there are two plate glass windows with metal framing. A raised stone course divides the stt·eet and upper walls. On the second floor, there are three bays, with multipaned tt·ipartite windows on the outer bays and a double leaf door in the center bay. This is set in a recessed space with a full arch and keystone above. A bracketed wrought iron balcony sun-ounds this arch. Above the flanking windows, there is a recessed rectangle framed by rowlock-laid bricks. A stone sill course visually sets off the third floor, which has six evenly spaced windows, double-hung, with eight-over-eight lights. The cornice is a raised stone, with a parapet above. On the 2nd Street NE elevation on the ground floor there are five bays with plate glass windows and infilled tt·ansoms. These bays are separated by brick piers. The easternmost bay has a single-leaf door with a transom light and a cloth awning. On the second floor, there is a wrought iron balcony. The third floor has 12 evenly spaced rectangular, double-hung windows with one-over-one glazing. There is a stone sill course underneath. Like the facade, the wall is finished with a raised'stone cornice.

63 Faribault Pilot, August 16, 1894; Faribault Republican, July 18, 1894; Papers ofOlofHanson, 1862-1948, Gallaudet University Archives. 64 Faribault Journal, May 13, 1912. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Histodc National Park Service District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _39_

A three-story addition, 19 by 22 ft., offthe back holds an elevator. This was built in 2002. This was the home ofthe local Elks Lodge, built in 1912. The local lodge was organized in 1909 with several prominent civic leaders involved, including Albert Ochs and bank president Kesley Chase. With an initial membership of 115, they promptly acquired this land for their lodge home. The new lodge was designed by the Minneapolis architectural firm of Jackson and Stone. Constructed by local contractor Kingsley & Payant, the lodge used the upper two stories while renting out the first floor to various retail businesses. 65

Clements Building (1905) 128 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a Classical Revival style brick building, measuring 75 by 40 ft. The Central Avenue facade is symmetrical, with full height brick piers dividing it into three sections. The two outer sections are nmrnw and hold single-leaf doors on the street level. Above these, transom lights have been covered with painted panels. Most striking are the oval windows with keystones. The wall is finished above with a rectangle ofraised brick. This is repeated on the 2nd Street NW side ofthe building. The center portion ofthe Central Avenue facade has three plate windows across the facade, fixed plate, but now with the upper and lower portions filled with panels rather than glass. Above the storefront sign, there is a stone belt course, then there are three bays with paired windows, one-over-one glazing. The north elevation, facing 2nd Street NW, is divided into five bays by brick piers. The outer bays ( east and west) are narrow single-leaf glass doors with transom lights and cloth awnings above, on the street level and oval windows on the second floor. The three middle bays, roughly 12 ft. in width each, have display window spaces that have been filled with metal panels and rectangular fixed plate glass. On the second floor, each bay has three symmetrically placed rectangular windows with narrow stone sills and one-over-one glazing. There is a one-story concrete block addition to the rear, built after the period of significance. On the west side (rear) there is a single-leaf door. On the n01ih facade, there is a fixed glass plate window. In 1905 Dr. E. K. Clements erected a "modem store building." Five years later the Consumers Power Company moved its offices into the first floor. That company was formed in 1910 with the merger of a number of regional power companies, including Polar Star Electric Company and Faribault Gas & Electric. After further acquisitions, Consumers Power became N01ihem States Power in 1916, maintaining this site as a local office until construction of a new building in 1957. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 7. )66

Gottfried Fleckenstein Block (1866, 1868, 1893, 1930) 301-305 Central Avenue 12-14 3rd Street NE Contributing A The Gottfried Fleckenstein Block is one ofthe city's most unique commercial buildings with its limestone construction. The Central Avenue facade is a two-story building, constructed oflocally quarried rusticated

65 Faribault Republican, January 24, June 12, 1912; Faribault Journal, May 13, 1912. 66 Faribault Journal, April 5, June 7, 1905, April 6, 27, 1910. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundaiy incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _40_ limestone. The source, Pond's quarry, was one of three opened near Faribault in the mid-nineteenth century. The stone foundation is exposed in the basement, with a concrete floor. On the street level, this facade has two storefronts. The street-level exterior is a smooth finished Kasota limestone. The 1101th storefront encompasses two-thirds of the ground floor. It has a recessed, canted entry with two glass plate doors. Window framing is aluminum. Below the windows, the bulkhead is covered with square blue panels of a composite material. These panels are repeated over the storefront windows. Based on historic photographs, these were added in the 1960s, replacing small tiles of undetermined color. Above the storefront windows, there are retractable awnings under a metal hood. Although the awnings have been replaced over the years, the system appears to be original. There is a second storefront on the south end of this facade. This has a recessed single-leaf door. The framing is a bronze anodized aluminum with three glass plate windows. The bulkhead is sheathed in copper panels. This storefront reflects changes made in 2014 adding the reflective windows and copper bulkhead. Between the two storefronts, there is a recessed single-leaf door - plate glass with metal framing - providing access to the second floor. On the Central Avenue (primary) fac;;ade, the storefront is separated from the upper wall by a raised stone course. The second floor has symmetrical fenestration, with ten rectangular window openings. These windows were installed sometime after 1987. They are four-over-four double-hung and appear to use false muntins. The lintels and sills are limestone. There is a clear visual demarcation between the rough stone on the exterior of the second stmy and the upper eight rows of bricks. Before 1930 there was a raised metal cornice. The south elevation, facing 3rd Street, shows its three periods of construction. The older 1868 section, on the western third, blends with the original construction, matching the Central Avenue elevation with its use of rusticated limestone. The bulkhead to the west is metal while the east shows aqua-colored tiles, a later addition. The upper wall is slightly recessed with seven bays. Windows are one-over-one lights and have stone sills. There is a bit of patterned brickwork on the upper edge ofthis recessed space, and nothing elaborate on the cornice. In 1930 the southern fac;;ade was visually unified with new construction connecting the 1866-68 building with a two-stmy brick building, built in 1893 - what is now 14 3rd Street. The exterior is faced with painted brick to harmonize with the Fleckenstein block. The ground floor has two distinct storefronts with a central door leading to the second floor. The flanking storefronts are identical with a recessed, canted-entry doors on the west portion (left) with plate glass display windows on the east (right). These have single-leaf glass doors and a glass storefront windows. Above and below these ground windows are blue colored panels. These panels were a later addition. The east elevation of 12-14 3rd Street shows the original construction ofthis section, with its brick exterior, now painted. There are segmental arched windows on the first floor, featuring stone sills and brick arches. There is a single-leaf wood door. On the second floor, there are multiple windows, rectangular in shape, both paired and single. On the north wall of this rear pmtion ofthe building, there is a metal overhang over the first floor, extending roughly six ft. from the building. The rear of 303-305 has a one-story addition intended for use as a garage for Firestone Tires after they occupied the building around 1940. It is constructed of brick, painted pale yellow to match the rest ofthe NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park SeNice District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _41_ additions. There is a wood rollup garage door with two rows ofglass windows. There are two window openings on the north side, now filled with plywood. The roofis flat with a composite surface.

[1945 c.] I [1866-68]

[1893]

[1930]

3rd St.NE Figure A. Gottfried Fleckenstein Block

In 1857 two brothers from Germany, Ernst and Gottfried Fleckenstein moved to Faribault, and constructed a brewery along the bluffs at Oak and 3rd Street. After several years in paiinership, however, the two brothers parted ways and became competitors. Gottfried's was the more successful enterprise in those early years. He razed the original brewery and built a new, larger operation in 1872. It burned down in 1892 but was immediately rebuilt. Gottfried Fleckenstein began construction of a two-story stone building at 303-305 Central Avenue in 1865, completed in 1866. Two years later he purchased the comer lot (301) and extended the building to 3rd Street NE. This building was used by a variety ofbusinesses over the years. In 1893 Fleckenstein erected another building on the rear ofthe lot, facing 3rd Street NE. This was associated with 301 Central Avenue, in fact, called the Fleckenstein blocks in 1902 city directory. The Pilot reported, "Fleckenstein has removed the old buildings at the rear ofhis stone block ... and has started excavating for the foundation ofa new brick building. The building will be 40 x 60 and two stories in height." In the first decade, it was a restaurant and saloon. When P. J. Gallagher purchased the property at auction in 1929, a local newspaper stated, "The other building faces the side street, and is built of brick and contains two stores. " 67 In 1929 contractor P. J. Gallagher purchased the property, announcing that the "three storefronts facing Central Avenue will be altered considerably." He hired St. Paul architect William Ingemann to complete the plans. It appears that the elaborate metal cornice, seen in several historic photos, was removed at that time. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 10. The Fleckenstein Block is on the right.) Addresses for this property include 301-305 Central Avenue (Primary Address) plus 12 3rd Street NE and 14 3rd Street NE. Gallagher moved his contracting business into 14 3rd Street NE where it remained for several decades.

67 Faribault Pilot, May 11, 1893; Faribault Weekly Journal, July 11, 1929. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faiibault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _42_

The property is counted as a single resource because the building as it is reflects the changes made by architect William Ingemann in 1930, visually unifying the disparate elements while connecting the interiors. 68

Security National Bank (1915) 302 Central Avenue Contributing A Security National Bank is one ofthe most prominent buildings in the downtown. It is four stories tall with a medium brown brick exterior. The plan is rectangular, 40 ft. across Central Avenue and 95 down 3rd Street NW. A distinguishing feature is the canted wall on the street comer with a clock extended from the building. On Central Avenue, the main entrance is imposing with stone half-pilasters and a stone entablature above the door with the frieze stating: Security Bank. This facade has large plate glass windows on either side with pattern brick voussoirs radiating out as a flat arch. A stone course separated the street level from the upper wall. There are five bays on each floor on the primary facade, asymmetrical in placement, and include single and paired windows, all double hung with one-over-one lights. The wall te1minates with a stone course, then a raised stone course, and stone coping. The 3rd Street NW elevation shows similar architectural forms. There are eight bays across the street level. Six have paired rectangular, fixed plate glass windows with patterned transom lights above. Two have the transom space filled with a wood panel. There are two entrances. The central entrance has been altered, slightly recessed, with wood smrnunding a single-leaf glass plate door with a brown metal surround. The other entry, in the second bay to the west, is slightly recessed with a single-leaf, glass door with the transom space enclosed. The upper wall is separated from the storefront by a terra-cotta cornice. On each floor, there are eight rectangular, one-over-one windows with stone sills. A Classical Revival-style brick facade covers a stone structure constructed originally by mercantile entrepreneur F.A. Theopold in 1871. Security Bank was established on June 18, 1890, with Samuel Grant as president and C. M. Buck as cashier. It continued to grow, and the financial institution leased this building in 1899. The bank eventually purchased the building in 1909. In 1914-15 the bank expanded to include the building to the north, covering the exterior with a brown pressed brick ( described as St. Louis Roman) with teffa cotta trim and a granite base. Initially planned as a three-story building, just before construction began, they added a fourth floor. The contractors, Kingsley and Payant, were based in Faribault. The bank continued to prosper at this location until 1960 when the bank was moved to 25 4th Street NW. The upper floors were rented as office space, and, for many years, the Faribault Business and N01mal College was located on the third floor. 69

Crocker Pharmacy (1880 ca.) 306 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a two-story, painted brick commercial building that follows a common form within the district. The street facade measures 22 ft. across, extending to the rear 100 ft. On the street level, there are three bays. The central bay is a recessed single door ent1y. On either side are fixed plate glass windows. The framing is a dark

68 Faribault Weekly Journal, July 11, 1929. 69 Faribault Republican, Janumy 14, 1914; Faribault Weekly Journal, February 3, 1915; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A HistOIJ' ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 102-3. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

anodized aluminum. There are transoms above the primary windows. The bulkhead is painted brick. The upper wall is framed by two brick piers. The second floor has three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill under each window. On the outer edges ofthis space, there is a raised brick pier. Above the windows there is a small dentiled brick course, painted a dark brown, leading to the roofline. Historic photographs show that it originally had an elaborate raised cornice. Built by F. A. Theobald in 1880, the building was described as "100 ft. deep and two stories in height with a front similar to Herbst's building." This was the home ofthe Crocker Pharmacy, F. A. Theobald, proprietor, in 1902. This was also the office ofLouis Carufel (real estate) in 1902. By 1911 William Mollison, a colonel in the Minnesota National Guard, had taken over the pharmacy. 70

Renslow Building (1883) 309 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a two-story double-fronted brick commercial building that shows influences ofthe Italianate style. The second-floor windows are a defining element. There are five bays on the upper wall with a paired set of windows under a single hood in the middle. The four single windows are double-hung, with one-over-one lights. The middle, paired windows are much narrower, with an arched top. All have heavy stone sills. All are ornamented with elaborate Italianate hoods with keystones. A raised cornice was removed at an undetermined date. On the street level there is a central recessed doorway providing access to the second floor. The primary entrance to the ground floor is on the south side ofthis fa;:ade. Windows along the wall are tinted glass. The bulkhead appears to be wood. This was built in 1883 for Alonzo Renslow. A local newspaper noted, Renslow "proposes to replace the buildings, which were lately burned, by a new two-story block." Like many early businessmen, he came from New England, and the 1880 census lists him as a "steamboat man." For several decades the second floor was the location ofA. W. McKinstry Printing, publisher ofthe Faribault Republican. "The new quarters have been fitted up especially for the purpose," McKinstry wrote, "and will be very pleasant and commodious in every respect." The A. M. Hatch Sheet Metal Works and Sporting Goods Company also used it in later years. The storefront was remodeled in 1907 with the installation ofplate glass windows. The street level was used by a variety ofretail fmns, including Mollison and Schuehle Drug Stores in the first half ofthe twentieth century. 71

Kresge Building (1866, 1928) 310 Central Avenue Contributing A This retail building consists oftwo distinct structures, combined into one street-level storefront in 1928. The southern building was a typical commercial building lot with 22 ft. width and 100 ft. in depth. The building on the north side is double lot width at 44 ft. across Central Avenue, and 150 ft. hi depth. Much ofthe rear ofthe southern portion (129 ft.), away from street view, is only one story.

70 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Democrat, March 26, 1880. 71 Faribault Democrat, March 21, 1883; Faribault Journal, May 22, 1907; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 119. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

On the street level, the primary facade has plate glass windows extending across the front with a square recessed entry on the northern side of the facade. The bulkhead is a polished marble. Above the storefront, the space is covered with wood, painted black, with a storefront cornice (not original) with shallow brackets. Looking only at the upper, southern fa<;ade of 310, the brick is a reddish-brown with a pair of Chicago-style windows. The cornice is stepped and corbeled. On the northern p01tion, the roofline is roughly three ft. lower. It has seven evenly spaced rectangular windows, double-hung with one-over-one glazing. Above the windows, on the frieze, is the word "Kresge." The cornice shows patterned brick work. The southern pmt ofthe building was known as the Stocklein Block and was built in 1866. Joseph Stocklein was a native ofBavaria and operated a dry goods store here. As was typical, it held many tenants over the years. These included the Merchants Saloon in 1902, G. J. Fleckenstein, proprietor. Upstairs were office for a dentist, G. W. Wood, and a lawyer, E. S. Bassett. In 1914 a fire severely damaged the building. In 1928 the building was extensively changed, joining two storefronts to accommodate occupancy by the Kresge Company. As the newspaper described the work, "a new ceiling, new floors, and a new front will be installed and there will be a full basement and a full first floor." At the same time, a thiity-five-foot addition was constructed in the rear. Zimmerman & Son Construction Co. of Faribault completed construction. 72 Because the two buildings were functionally joined in 1928, this is considered to be a single contributing resource.

Piepho Building (1883) 311 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This two-story painted brick building is rectangular in plan with the local standard of 22 ft. in width. On the street level, there are four bays. The primary entrance is a recessed cant single-leaf door flanked by plate glass display windows. There is a secondary entrance to the second floor on the south portion of this elevation. Above these are infilled transom lights. The bulkhead is a painted brick. The beam over the store is exposed. On the upper wall, there are three bays, single windows on the side and paired windows under a single hood. The center windows, double-hung with one-over-one lights, have a full arch, while the flanking set have a segmental arch. The window spaces have been filled, though, with stock rectangular windows. All are covered with an Italianate molded hood and have a stone sill underneath. The cornice is simple brickwork. Based on the earliest photographs, this building originally had a raised cornice. The building was erected in 1883 for Frederick Piepho, who operated a saloon here according to the 1888 city directory. He is listed as a native of Germany. This building was the Koelle and Braun Saloon in 1902. Charles Koelle and Joseph Braun ran this popular watering spot. There was a sizeable fire here in 1936 when it was the Maison Ritz Restaurant, however, the exterior was not damaged. 73

72 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Republican, January 18, 1871; Faribault Weekly Journal, August 30, 1928. 73 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Democrat, May 16, 1883. Faribault Weekly Journal, January 30, 1936. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Peltier's Block (1916) 313 Central Avenue Contributing A This commercial building, erected in 1916, suggests how styles were evolving in the early twentieth century. On the street level, it follows a typical pattern with a single door for second floor access, then a recess primary entry door, and this time, off center with three plate glass windows to the south. Most striking is the use of prism lights in the transom space. There are three symmetrically placed windows on the upper wall, one-over-one lights, with a stone sill course and corbelling over the windows. The cornice is simple, with a brick course capped by corbeled brick at the top. C.H. Peltier tore down a wood-frame building on this lot in 1916 and proceeded to erect a new two-story brick structure. After this was constructed, it was used as the Ellis & Andrews billiard room in its early years. Around 1916 George Ellis took over the billiard room, renaming it as the "American Billiard Academy." With his friend, John Andrews, he ran the pool hall until his retirement in 1960. 74

Kaiser Building (1876) 314 Central Avenue Contributing A. C This is a two-story painted brick commercial building that follows a common form within the district. The street fa9ade measures 22 ft. across, the full lot width. It extends to the rear I 00 ft. On the street level, there are three bays. The central bay is a recessed single door entiy. On either side are fixed plate glass windows. The bulkhead is a finished wood. There is a good example of a storefront cornice here. On the second floor there are three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with two-over-two lights. There is a painted stone sill under each window and lintel above. Raised brick piers on the outer wall frame the space. The facade terminates with an elaborate pressed metal cornice. An early photograph shows the two cornices, but the second-floor windows were full arched with raised hoods. These were changed to the present configuration around 1919 when Ruge Jewelers moved into the building. This appears to have been built for John Kaiser in 1876. Kaiser, listed in the 1880 census as a native of Prussia, ran a boot and shoe business. An advertisement by Kaiser promoted "New Store, New Stock. ...in the building next south of Mueller's Dry Good Store." It appears on the earliest Sanborn Insurance Map in 1884 as a saloon. In the early decades, Leo Rock was the proprietor. Over the years, several businesses called this home, including Ruge Jewelers in 1920s and 1930s. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 3.)75

The Fair Store (1874) 315 Central Avenue Contributing A. C Completed in 1874 this is a two-story brick building. On the street level, there are three bays, with the central bay having a canted, recessed single door entry. On either side are fixed plate glass tinted windows. The framing is a dark anodized aluminum. There are transoms above the primary windows. The bulkhead is wood. On the

74 Faribault Journal, April 12, August 23, 1916; Swanberg, Then and Now, 109. 75 Faribault Republican, June 21, 1876. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundruy incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _46_ second floor there are three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights. They have elaborate molded hoods. The section shows a foll arch. There is a stone sill under each window and molded hoods with keystones. TI1e wall terminates with metal panel on the cornice. This building was erected by local attorney and investor Gordon Cole. For several decades, this was the home of "The Fair," first by partners Henry Bolles and Walter Snow, then, after 1898, by Bolles alone. It sold household goods, including crockery, glassware, tinware, and lamps. In 1905 Bolles sold the business to Walter Smith. Within a few years, this became home to the Karp Shoe Store. The Faribault Pilot, a weekly newspaper, was published from second floor offices between 1888 through its end ofpublication in 1926. 76

Mueller Block (1874) 316 Central Avenue Contributing A, C · The arcaded street level is its most distinguishing character of this buildiµg. There are seven bays divided by columns with Corinthian capitals, a central entry door, and multiple plate glass windows. A raised wood storefront cornice separates the street from the upper wall. Here there are five bays with a tripartite window in the center. All have molded Italianate hoods and stone sills. All are double hung with four sections. The wall terminates with an elaborate raised metal cornice. The current street level is a rehabilitation based on historic photographs, completed in 2006-07. The columns are steel, covered with fiberglass and foam to replicate the look ofthe historic columns. Upper level windows were replaced at that time. Built in 187 4, the Mueller Building underwent a major rehabilitation in 2007. A native of Germany, Lewis Mueller was a dry goods merchant who erected this building in 1873. The county assessor valued it at $10,250 at the time of construction - a fairly substantial property for the era. A local newspaper account stated, "The block will be 110 ft. deep and include two handsome stores. One ofthese has been engaged by J. W. Wood Esq. for his hardware business, and the other will be occupied by Mr. A. W. Mueller for dry goods." Another story pointed out the "first three-story elevator constructed for the use of any store in town." The entire store, the writer concluded, "considered with reference to beauty offinish and spaciousness and convenience of arrangement, is probably unsurpassed by any hardware store in the state. " 77 Mueller owned the property until 1888, when it was sold to W. B. Brown. Prominent businessman Donald Grant later purchased it. Many entrepreneurs used the building over the years, including William and Edwin Drehmel, who ran a hardware store here in 1902. The best-known tenant was the Bachrach Clothing Company. Jim & Joe's occupied three different storefronts over the years, and eventually landed at this building on Central Avenue in 1936. Jim and Joe's remained in the family until 1991. The store closed its doors for good in 2011. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 4.) 78

76 Faribault Republican, September 17, 1873; Faribault Journal, August 16, 1898; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, I06. 77 Faribault Republican, March 11, 1874. 78 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Daily News, April 18, 2011. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Deverey and Donahue Hardware (1874) 317 Central Avenue Contributing A, C Completed in 1874, this is a two-story brick building is a good example ofItalianate commercial architecture. The facade is framed by raised brick piers. On the street level, there are three bays, with the central bay having a recessed, canted single door entry. On either side are fixed plate glass tinted windows. The framing is a dark anodized aluminum. There are transoms above the primary windows. The bulkhead is brick. There is a secondary entrance on the southern portion ofthe facade with access to the second floor. On the upper wall, there are three, symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with four-over-four lights. The windows have a full arch with drip mold hoods, keystones, and stone sills. Between the windows and the cornice, there are decorative brick crosses. The upper wall is capped by stepped corbeled brick. The wall tenninates with corbeled brickwork on the cornice. Gordon Cole, a prominent lawyer and civic leader, erected this building, hiring contractors Babcock and Woodruff to complete the project. A Harvard Law School graduate, he served for six years at Attorney General for the state ofMinnesota. The storefront was home to Deverey and Donahue hardware store, operated by partners John Deverey and Thomas Donahue, for more than thirty years in the early twentieth century. 79

Tuttle Building (1873, 1913) 318 Central Avenue Contributing A This building is a two-story cream-colored brick commercial structure. The street facade measures 22 ft. across, as is typical for Faribault's downtown buildings. The storefront is divided into three bays with a central recessed square entrance. There is a single-leaf glass door with a transom light above. The flanking storefront windows are slightly recessed with applied false muntins, dividing the panes into four sections. Above the storefront is an ogee cornice. On the upper wall, there are three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights, with stone sills. On the outer side ofthe windows, there are recessed rectangles with corbel brick at the top. The recessed space is repeated on the upper wall, here in landscape orientation. The wall ends with corbeled brick cornice. Lyman Tuttle built this commercial block in 1873. Tuttle, a native of Connecticut, operated a butcher shop, known as the Excelsior Market, for several decades. In 1902 its second floor was home to the Luther & Smith law firm, also known as the Old Lowell Agency. In 1913 the front was altered, removing an elaborate cornice and raised window hoods. As the Faribault Weekly Journal stated, "An entire new front is being put in at the Tuttle building.... The brick is all being taken down and replaced by new ones."80

79 Faribault Republican, September 17, 1873; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 106. so Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Weekly Journal, May 27, 1904, October 29, 1913. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Paramount Theatre (1929) 321-323 Central Avenue Contributing A The Paramount Theatre is a two-st01y, brick building, constructed in 1929, and designed by the noted theatre architectural firm ofLiebenberg and Kaplan. Its dimensions are 66 ft. wide on Central Avenue, extending 165 ft. to the east. The primary facade consists ofthree parts. The central section is the entrance to the theater itself, framed by shallow brick piers, with bands ofcream-colored brick. The key visual feature is its marquee, a reproduction installed in 2006, extending out over the sidewalk. The entry way is slightly off-center and recessed, with four plate glass doors. On the two outer bays, there are storefronts, each with a single-leaf glass door, two panes of display glass, and transom above. On the upper wall, in the central bay, there are three rectangular windows with fixed plate glass and false muntins. The windows have brick sills and decorative rectangles of brick above them. This is repeated on the north and south bays, excepting that there are two windows in each bay. There is a full facade cream-colored brick course. The wall is capped, in the center section, with a pent roof with modillions and finished with red tiles. From its founding, the city had its share of theaters and halls. In 1894, on this site, the Faribault Opera House opened its doors for the first time. Like many other Midwestern opera houses, it was converted to a moving picture venue in 1908 and renamed the Grand Theater. On a bitterly cold winter night in Januaiy 1929, fire swept through the old opera house, and left it in ruins. That same night, owner and manager Will Glaser, began work on a new, better theater, announcing plans the ve1y next morning. Will Glaser turned to architects Liebenberg and Kaplan, noted for designing more than two hundred motion picture theatres in the Upper Midwest, including the Uptown and Varsity Theaters in Minneapolis. For Faribault's new theater, they chose the motif of a Moorish comtyard with Turkish caps over the doors, turrets and "stonework" on the walls. Above the seats, a special projector illuminating the ceiling with images of stars and moving clouds For decades, the Paramount Theater, later renamed the Paradise Theater, provided entertainment for the citizens of Faribault. As new multiplex theaters opened in the 1990s, attendance diminished, and the Paramount closed its doors. However, in recent years, the theater has been restored to its former glory and now the Paradise Center for the Arts serves as a cultural center for the community. The renovation, which won an award from the Preservation Alliance of Minnesota (now Rethos), returned the main fa9ade to its original appearance with a replica ofthe original marquee as its centerpiece. 81

A. J. Grant Grocery (1887, 1920) 322 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a two-story brick commercial building. The street fa9ade measures 22 ft. on Central Avenue, extending to the rear 100 ft. On the street level, the current storefront dates from 2006, using existing openings. There are four bays. The southernmost bay is a square recessed ent1y with a single plate glass door with a transom light above. The other three bays ai·e single pane glass windows with a wood bulkhead. Above these are transom windows with eight panes each. On the second floor there are three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung,

81 Faribault Weekly Journal, Febrnary 21, 1929; Faribault Daily News, October 9, 1929. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Mott Building (1881, 1918 ca.) 324 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a two-story brick commercial building. On the street level, there are four bays. The southernmost bay holds an aluminum door with transom leading to the upper floors. The central storefront bay is a recessed single leaf door entry. On either side are fixed plate glass windows. The framing is a dark anodized aluminum. The bulkhead is brick. The transom space is filled with metal panels, but the steel supporting beam is expose. On the second floor there are two bays, each with paired symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill under each window. Above the windows the wall ends with a corbeled brick cornice. Built in 1881 for attorney Rodney Mott, a local newspaper reported, "The new brick two-story building erected by Hon. R. A. Mott, on Main street near Fourth, is nearly completed .... The front ofthe new building is made uniform with that ofL. Tuttle adjoining, and provided with iron window caps and cornices. Its erection constitutes a noticeable improvement for that part ofMain street." A prominent local leader, Mott was influential in bringing the state schools to Faribault. The street level was a grocery in its early years under the management ofMarcellus B. Haskell, a native ofMaine. By 1911 this was the home of Oscar Olin's Books and Stationary Store, replaced in 1919 by Pierce's Book Store. Upstairs held a changing variety ofprofessional service offices, beginning with those ofMr. Mott. Between 1918 and 1927, the primaiy fa<;,ade was substantially altered with the removal of a raised metal cornice and raised hoods over the second-floor windows. A new corbeled cornice was added, matching that found on 320 and 322 Central Avenue83

Sheeran and Filler Store (1885 ca., 1937) 325 Central Avenue Noncontributing This is a two-st01y brick commercial building. The street fa<;,ade measures 22 ft. across, the full lot width. On the street level, the second-floor entry is on the far right, with a recessed entry next to it. On either side are fixed

82 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Journal, February 26, 1908, March 17, 1920. 83 Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society; Faribault Democrat, December 14, 1881. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Syverson Building (1902) 326 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a two-story brick commercial building with the street fa;ade measuring 22 ft. The storefront entrance is framed by brick piers with a simple Doric capital. There is an off-center, slightly canted recessed entry with plate glass display windows on either side. On the northern (right) portion ofthe facade, there is a single-leaf wood door. The bulkhead is wood. The space for transom windows has been covered with vertical boards. On the second floor, there are three symmetrically placed windows, double-hung, with one-over-one lights. There is a stone sill course running the width ofthe facade. Above is a raised cornice window head. The cornice is a simple corbelled brick design. In 1902 this was the home ofLouis Syverson's restaurant. Architect OlofHanson designed the building while Kingsley and O'Neil were the contractors. The Pilot reported, "Louis Syverson has purchased from W. N. Cosgrove the property occupied by S. L. O'Brien's barber shop on Central Avenue near Fourth Street. The lot is 22 by 100 ft. and the purchase price is $3,500. Mr. Syverson intends to erect a handsome brick block on the premises next summer." It was sold to William Bieter in 1908. 85

84 Faribault Republican, March 13, 1895. 85 Faribault Pilot, April 3, 1902; Faribault Journal, April 9, 30, 1902, May 13, 1908; Papers ofOlofHanson, 1862- 1948, Gallaudet University Archives. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Bloxam Gun Shop (1888 ca., 1960 ca.) 327 Central Avenue Contributing This is a two-story commercial building, one of the oldest on the block. Its plan is rectangular, with the typical 22 ft. front and extending 90 ft. to the rear. The exterior is clad in simulated stone. On the south portion of the facade is a single-leaf door with access to the second floor. The three-bay storefront has a central recessed entry with plate glass on either side. On the upper wall, there are three symmetrically placed windows, double hung, one-over-one light, and fairly narrow. There are stone sills. The cornice shows no detailing. This building was erected between 1884 and 1889, based on Sanborn Insurance maps. In 1875 Atthur S. Bloxam came to Faribault from Dixon, Illinois. Neill's History ofRice County stated, "In 1875, he came to Faribault, opened a store and shop, in which he put a small stock of guns, but has since greatly increased his stock to accommodate his rapidly growing trade." He opened a shop here, adding a shooting gallery in later years. Following Bloxam, who moved to a building on 4th Street NW. It was used as a groce1y for several decades after Lieb Brothers Grocery moved here in 1899, continuing as a grocery under C. A. Pearson, then as Buehler Brothers in the 1920s. Based on historic street views, the simulated stone exterior was added around 1960, within the period of significance. 86

Cosgrove Block (1905) 328-330 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a two-story commercial block built with a buff colored brick. The ground floor has seen several changes, but the Central Avenue facade retains the center-recessed entry with double-leaf glass doors and the flanking plate glass display windows with a band oftransom lights above that. The bulkheads are wood. There is a secondary entrance on the south edge of the facade, recessed with a single-leaf door. Separating the storefront and the upper wall is a signband and a shallow storefront cornice. On the upper wall, there are three sections, each with two bays. Raised piers with gold-painted Corinthian capitals divide the sections. Windows are one-over-one, double-hung. There is a stone sill course across the entire facade. The wide cornice has modillions. The general pattern continues on the north elevation along 4th Street NW, six bays, each with two windows. On the street level, the front two bays have plate glass windows and transom lights with metal framing. Three of the remaining bays ( on the west) have chevron-pattern wood infill. A fourth bay also has a recessed single-leaf door. Built in 1905 by real estate investor William N. Cosgrove, this corner building boasted 101 plate glass windows when it opened and quickly became known as the Glass Block. The upper story was leased to the Northwestern Telephone Company. Gus Boosalis, a native of Greece, came to Faribault in 1908 and opened a cafe, fruit store, and confectionery, next to the flower store already in the building. This was later expanded to include an ice cream parlor and dining areas. "The fountain," stated the Faribault Journal, "is one ofthe largest and handsomest in the city." The family operated the Olympia for more than seventy years. As one resident wrote, "Here they provided hearty meals, and had a smile for kids at the soda fountain during the 50s and 60s ofmy

86 Edward D. Neill, Hist01y ofRice County, 266; Faribault Republican, March 1, 1899; Faribault Journal, February 25, 1908; The Catholic Bulletin (St. Paul, Minn.), December 1, 1917. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Cromer Block (1894) 329 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This building is a two-story commercial brick building. Its most prominent feature is the canted entrance on the street corner, where the entty doorway is located. The storefront has been altered and uses small mauve and brown tiles on the exterior walls. There are two plate glass windows on the Central A venue facade and a single plate glass window on the 4th Street NW facade. A metal canopy band serves as the storefront cornice. The upper walls remain intact, with two windows on the flat face, one in the angled portion, and six across the long 4th Street elevation. These are all double-hung with one-over-one lights. The cornice appears to be wood with a row of

Stegner & Von Wald Dry Goods (1883) 401 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This is a rectangular two-story brick commercial building with a flat roof. The building has a storefront with a canted entt·ance on the southwest corner under a supporting corner post. It has two-part plate glass windows. The storefront has sheet metal bulkheads. Ornamentation includes brick piers. A fixed curved awning overhangs the sidewalk. One the second floor, there are three bays with single windows on the outside and a paired window in the center. These have heavy rough stone lintels and sills. Windows are one-over-one, double-hung. The cornice is raised with double brackets on the ends. The southern elevation, facing 4th Street NE, has four bays, divided by shallow brick pilasters. The street level is broken only by a single-leaf door, metal with a single glass panel, and covered by a cloth canopy. On the second floor, there are five windows, two-over-two, with a segmental arch, brick lintels and rough-stone sills. Metal stairs ascend to a single-leaf door. The cornice repeats the pattern found on the primary fa;ade, with paired modillions. At the rear ofthe building, there is a one-story addition of undetermined date, but after the period of significance. Partners Stegner and Von Wald purchased the lot in 1883 and proceeded to "erect upon it a brick store building which will be 22 x 80 ft., and two stories in height. Cream colored brick will be used for the walls." It

87 Faribault Journal, Januaty 27, Mat·ch 15, April 12, September 27, 1905; The Catholic Bulletin, December 1, 1917. 88 Faribault Pilot, April 19, 1894. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Farmers and Merchants Bank (1919) 402 Central Avenue Contributing A The building is made of brick and stone with a nod to the Classical Revival style. Of particular note are the classical corner columns and the entablature on the 4th Street side ofthe building. The exterior is a buff colored brick with extensive use ofte1rn cotta and stone. The street level has a row of narrow fixed plate windows across the front with a wood bulkhead. The recessed entry is on the south side ofthat facade with double-leaf doors of glass. On the signboard, it reads "Faribault Print Shop." On the upper wall, there are three bays with doubled sash, one-over-one windows on the outside and a set of a paired window flanked by narrower single windows. The central set of windows is within a surround of terracotta with quoins. On the parapet, there is a te1Ta cotta crest. Overall, the building measures 44 ft. wide and 99 ft. long. Along the 4th Street NW elevation, the twelve window openings have been infilled with painted wood laid vertically. There is a recessed single-leaf door near the southwest comer ofthe building. Between the first and second floors, under each window, there are brick rectangles framed by rowlock and soldier bricks. On the second floor, there are 16 rectangular windows, double-hung, one -over-one, with stone sills. There is a raised frieze of stone between these windows and the roofline. This was originally the home ofthe Farmers and Merchants Bank, built in 1919 by contractor James O'Neil. Following the death of Kelsey Chase's wife in 1913, St. Paul investors bought out his interest in the Chase State Bank, renaming it as the Farmers and Merchants Bank in 1916. 0. H. Schroeder was the president for many years. In 1919, the bank moved to this prominent comer, tearing down two older buildings. The Faribault Clinic opened on the second floor. In 1929 Citizens National Bank acquired the property and substantially changed the exterior to reflect its present facade. The noted bank architectural firm ofA. Moorman & Company ofMinneapolis designed the exterior changes. However, the bank failed within a few years. Druggist Gervase Payant acquired the building. Active in many civic associations, Payant operated the pharmacy until his death in 1956.90

Henry Kester Harness Shop (1883) 403 Central Avenue Contributing A, C This two-story brick commercial building uses a buff, almost yellow, colored brick. The storefront is asymmetrical with four bays. The recessed entry door is on the north (left) with plate glass in the first, third, and fourth bays. The bulkhead is simulated masonry. There are opaque transom lights. Above is a sign then the upper wall. Here there are three evenly placed windows, double-hung, one-over-one, with rough-cut stone sills. The cornice shows pattern brickwork and corbeling.

89 Faribault Republican, May 30, 1883. 9°Faribault Weekly Journal, March 19, 1919, July 11, 1929; Faribault Daily Republican, September 7, 1929, February 19, 1930; Owatonna People's Press, June 13, 1913. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

This was built in 1883 by Henry Kester, a native of Indiana who moved from Northfield to Faribault to open this harness shop. The newspaper announced, "H.F. Kester proposes to remove the wooden building on Main Street, north of Fourth, now occupied by his harness shop, and to erect a two-st01y brick building on the site, 22 x 46." He also manufactured wagons, buggies, and phaetons. Kester later became president of Citizens Bank. 91

Herzog Millinery/Grant Block (1893, 1895) 404 Central Avenue None on tributing This two-story building shows traces ofthe Classical Revival style. The exterior is painted brick and has a rectangular plan. The upper wall of the fa9ade has five iffegular bays, divided by brick piers with Ionic capitals. On the two outside bays there is a single window. There is also a center bay however it is asymmetrically placed. This also has a single, one-over-one, wood-framed, double-hung, rectangular window. The two remaining bays have respectively two and four windows. Heavy rough-cut stone is used for the sills and lintels, creating a course along the entire wall. There is a slightly raised brick course separating this upper wall from the storefront level. Here there are multiple doors combined with fixed plate windows to create four distinct shops. In addition, there is a double door in the center providing access to office space throughout the building. On the upper wall an inset stone reads the State Bank of Faribault Galleria. A cornice with modillions caps the wall. There is a secondary entrance on the west elevation, opening to an alley and parking spaces. This elevation has a central double glass plate door, flush with the outer wall. It is framed by shallow simulated stone columns. It is flanked by fixed plate glass windows. On the northern portion, there is a single-leaf metal door. On the southernmost portion of elevation, there is an additional single-leaf metal door. On the second floor, there are four windows, fixed plate glass with stone sills and lintels. This building combines two historic fa9ades into one. Donald Grant and William Brown built the northern portion ofthe building in 1893. It used as the post office between 1899 and 1913: For several years it was used as a grocery store, and then later as a restaurant. After the post office moved out, F. W. Woolworth Five-and-Dime Store took over the property in 1915. The southern portion (former 406) was built around 1895. From 1920 to 1939, it was home to the Gift and Card shop run by Beryl Korff. In 1939 Woolworth's acquired the building. In 2006 the State Bank ofFaribault completed a substantial renovation ofthis building, combining 406 with 408-410 into a single facade. Although the original fa9ade remains in place, the present appearance is not historical, due to the melding ofthe two-story 406 building into a single unified front. 92 The building is considered noncontributing because of the substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

91 Faribault Republican, May 2, 1883; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. 92 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 120. The May 1893 Sanborn Insurance map notes about the building: "To Be Built This Spring." Also see Faribault Weekly Journal, Janumy 22, 1913. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property - National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _55_

J. C. Penney and Company (1911, 1922) 405 Central Avenue Noncontributing This is a one-story building with a 40 ft. width and 100 ft. depth. On the street level, there are five bays, with a centered recessed double door flanked by two plate glass display windows. The bulkhead is brick. The upper wall is sheathed with ribbed metal panels. 93 This property was built for use as a motion picture theater in 1911. Known as "The Empress", it closed after only a few years of operation. It was acquired and remodeled by J.C. Penney and Company in 1922 when the company expanded into Faribault. A photograph from the 1950s shows a brick storefront. In the late 1970s Penney's followed a local downtown trend to encase their street facades with metal panels, including Ochs Department Store on the opposite side ofthe street. After Penney's left in the early 1980s, it was home to B&B Sporting Goods for more than thirty years. 94 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Sun Movie Theatre (1921) 409 Central Avenue Noncontributing This was originally a motion picture theater, opening in 1921. The street facade has been substantially altered. The most recent change, in 2017, recreated the general look ofthe theater in materials (brick) and form, but not in fenestration. The fa9ade is sheathed in a medium-brown brick. There is a recessed central entry. On either side, there are double fixed plate windows, almost to ground level, with dark brown metal casing. These are paired fixed plate windows on either side. The upper fa9ade is visually separated from the street level by a brick course. On the second floor, there are four grouped windows in the center with brown metal casing and patterned glass. On the outside ofthe upper fa9ade are single windows, repeating the motif. The rear ofthe building is of stone construction. At its opening in 1921, this was known as the Sun Theatre, seating 600 people. It built by the Inland Theatre Company, referred to as "consisting oflocal businessmen." Designed by architect R.R. Thomas, the front was described as "a deep red tile with brick finish below and raked joints." While the front was described as plain and simple, "a large artistic electric sign ... decorates the front. Later, the theater name was changed to the Lido. Around 1944, the great theater architects, Liebenberg and Kaplan of Mim1eapolis, completed a redesign for the theatre. Between 1923 and 1941, Liebenberg and Kaplan designed over two hundred theaters and prepared plans for the remodeling ofroughly six hundred theaters. The theater closed around 1952 and was converted to retail space. 95

93 Based on street views, the upper wall metal sheathing was added between 1975 and 1982, after the period of significance. 94 Faribault Journal, May 10, 1914, October 5, 1921, April 5, 1922. The date for the metal panels is based on historic street photographs. 95 Faribault Journal, March 9, 1921; Liebenberg and Kaplan papers (N 36), Northwest Architectural Archives, University of Minnesota Libraries, Minneapolis. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Foster Real Estate 413 Central Avenue (1922) Contributing A This simple one-st01y building uses the medium brown manufactured brick popular in the 1910-1940 period. Photographs suggest that the street facade had a glass front, enclosed after the period of significance. There is now a narrower window panel with four panes above a brick bulkhead and a single-leaf door on the south side. Ribbed metal panels cover rest in place ofa transom window. Although this is a one-part commercial block that has lost its historic storefront, the upper wall remains intact and it is considered contributing. Just above the storefront awning, there is a decorative row ofbricks using a rowlock-sailor-rowlock motif. This theme is repeated just below the cornice, which features raised brickwork. This was built in 1922, shortly after the construction ofthe Sun Theatre next door. Benson Brown was the contractor. "When completed," the Journal announced, "[it] will be occupied by J. A. Foster Co. and Lucias Smith, attorney." In 1940 Ernest Chappius moved his jewelry store into this storefront.96

Gallagher-O'Neil Building (1909) 412-414 Central Avenue Contributing A The Gallagher-O'Neil Building was constructed in 1909 using white glazed brick, giving the building a striking appearance on Central Avenue, even with little ornamentation. The building has a rectangular plan with seven bays. The street level has an off-center, canted and recessed main ent1y with double-leaf glass doors. This entry is flanked by fixed plate display windows. There is a second storefront on the south portion ofthis facade with a canted, recessed entrance and a single-leaf glass door. There is also an additional ent1y, with access to the second floor. The bulkhead is polished granite. On the second floor, the southern two bays have six pane fixed plate windows, while the remaining windows have nine panes each. The framing is a dark anodized metal. Simple raised brick piers divide the window bays. The upper wall is set off by a naiTow brick course. Just below the roofline, there is an inset stone sign reading "The State Bank of Faribault Emporium." This building has been rehabilitated, removing patterned metal panels from the upper facade that covered the white glazed brick. The west elevation has a secondary entrance into the alley and a parking lot. The ground floor uses a buff colored facing stone while the second floor is stuccoed and painted white. The ground floor has five double paned, fixed plate windows with metal surrounds. These are sheltered by cloth awnings. There is a single-leaf, plate glass door on the far south portion ofthis elevation. On the second floor, ten tinted windows, one-over-one glazing and stone sills. The openings appear to have had a shallow segmental arch, now reframed for rectangular windows. Two ofFaribault's most important contractors, Patrick Gallagher and William O'Neil, built this business block in 1909, with a "frontage three times the usual width allotted to a storefront." The building material was

96 Faribault Journal, April 5, 1922; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 118. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (boundaty incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _57_ striking as well, using white enamel brick. The second floor held a public hall that was used by many civic organizations. Two years later, the W. W. Stack Company of St. Paul opened its doors in this commercial block. A bitter retail war with the locally owned Ochs Brothers store ensued. The battle was settled abruptly eight months later, when Ochs bought out the Stack Department Store, including its complete inventory and the lease to this building. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 8.)97 The Ochs Brothers were the sons of German immigrants and members ofa tightly knit family that grew up in New Ulm, Minnesota. William Ochs attended the Minnesota School for the Deaf in Faribault. After graduating, William Ochs decided to remain in town and opened a small, one-room variety store. Brothers Anton and Albeit soon joined him. The Ochs Brothers opened in 1888 on W. 3rd Street, selling dry goods and notions. It became one ofthe leading stores in Faribault, and other Ochs Brothers branches opened in Rochester, Owatonna, Waseca, and Austin. In 1909 Albert bought the controlling interest of the Faribault store from his brothers, but soon after, a big new competitor moved into town. In 1920 the Ochs purchased the building from Gallagher and O'Neil. A new generation entered the family business, as Don and Albeit Jr. took over after the death oftheir father in 1922. The Ochs Brothers Department Store remained in business here until closing its doors in the early 1980s. The last active family member was Verna Ochs, the wife ofAlfred. After she sold her interest, new owners of the building enclosed the facade with metal panels in an attempt to look "modern," but in recent years, the State Bank of Faribault rehabilitated the building to reflect its original appearance. 98

Taylor Electric Laundry (1884, 1907) 415 Central Avenue Contributing A This two-story commercial building is a medium brown brick, typical of the 1910-1930 period. The street level shows a recessed commercial entry on the south side of the facade, next to an access door for the second floor. There are two plate glass display windows. The bulkhead is wood. On the upper wall, there are two bays with paired one-over-one windows. They have a stone sill. Toward the roof, there is a shallow brick course above the windows, the brick detailing on the cornice. A building appears on this lot on the earliest Sanborn Insurance Map in 1884, used as Nicholas Roell's Wagon Shop. In 1907 N. W. Taylor purchased the building for his Electric Laundry business. Charles Caron, contractor, completed a new front on Central Avenue and added to the rear. During the 1930s and 1940s it was home to the Central Liquor Store. 99

97 Faribault Republican, March 4, 1909, March 15, 1911. 98 Faribault Republican, January 4, March 15, November 8, 1911; Faribault Pilot, March 18, 1909; Faribault Journal, March 9, 24, 1909, July 4, 1920. 99 Faribault Journal, July 10, 24, 1907. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Anderson Motor Company (1919) 419 Central Avenue Noncontributing The building is a one-story structure with a horizontal orientation. Rectangular in plan, it has a double-lot front (44 ft.) and extends 130 ft. to the rear. When first constructed, it was an auto dealership and garage, with a roll-up door on the north (left from street) side and plate glass windows on the right. In 1950, this was converted to a grocery store and the rollup garage door was replaced with a recessed double-leaf door. Where there were large plate glass windows extending to a foot or so from the ground, there is now fixed plate reflective glass with metal framing - a triple set ofpanes on the northernmost opening, paired windows in the other two openings. Built in 1919 this building was the home of several auto sales and repair companies. The original owner was E.T. Anderson, who ran a Ford dealership. The contractor was W. S. Kingsley. In 1929 it was home to Steichen Motor Company. In 193 7 it was the home to Henry Van Houdt Autos. By 1950 it was altered to become the Red Owl Store, a popular grocery chain, and later, Piggly-Wiggly. In 2001 the primaiy facade was altered when the three display windows were reduced in size with new windows and a new entrance installed. Most ofthe brick work, including the corbeled cornice, was completed at that time, well after the period of significance. 100 The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Faribault Furniture Company Office (1886) 421 Central Avenue Noncontributing The Faribault Furniture Company's retail store and offices were located in a two-story building with a storefront on Central Avenue. It is a brick commercial structure. The street level has an off-center glass door entry, with two panes on the north (left) and a single pane on the south (right). There is a transom light above the storefront, with dark metal framing and tinted windows. Two retractable awnings protect pedestrians. On the upper wall, there is a three-part window grouping. The two flanking ones are narrow with one-over-one glazing, while the center is fixed with six panes and a rounded upper comer. There is brick ornamentation on the upper wall and a modest cornice. The east (rear) elevation faces the alley. It features a single-leaf door, accessed by concrete steps. On the first floor, there are two segmental-arch window openings with a stone sill and double rowlocks. One has been enclosed while the second has been partially enclosed. On the second floor are two rectangular window openings each with paired one-over-one windows with anodized aluminum frames. Built in 1886, this building has gone through several transformations. A 1910 history stated, "In its sightly store on Central avenue (the company) does a large retail business, and also has an undertaking and funeral directing establishment." In 1960 The Leader, a small department store, moved to this location from 206 Central Avenue. At that time, they altered the street fa<;ade, encased in metal panels, completely obscuring the historic upper wall. In recent years, the covering has been removed and much ofthe street-side brick was replaced, the second-floor windows have been altered and elaborate molded hoods seen in old photographs have been removed. 101

100 The Garage Dealer, 25 (May, 1921): 27; Faribault Journal, August 13, December 3, 1919. 101 Faribault Republican, Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, ed. Hist01y ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, I, 387. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss of integrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

State Bank of Faribault (1959) 428 Central Avenue Contributing A This building consists ofthe original core building, erected in 1959 (see Figure B) with several additions. The form is a one-story building with a horizontal visual orientation, reinforced by the band of metal coping on the roof line. The Central Avenue elevation is the primary facade. The comer of Central Avenue and 5th Street NW features prominent sign for the bank, reflective ofpost-WWII design with its vertical thrust. Although elements have been renewed or replaced, such as the clock, it retains the original framework from 1959. The northern third ofthis facade has a blank wall with light brown brick on the exterior. The wall displays signage stating, "State Bank of Faribault." The primaiy entrance takes up the middle third ofthis facade. It is slightly recessed with plate glass windows and a double-entry glass door, all framed with metal. Above these windows is a wide canopy, added around 2000. The southern third incorporates an older building, erected between 1899 and 1905 as a bicycle shop and later used by the Ochs Department Store. This expansion was completed around 2000. It has a recessed single-entry door and a prominent concrete canopy mimicking the canopy over the main entrance. The 5th Street elevation has four bays with paired, fixed plate, vertically oriented windows with a cream colored stone panel above. This block measures roughly 80 ft. by 50 ft. Additions were built offthe back in 1965 and 1989. Although the changes after the period of significance diminish the prope1iy's integrity, its defining features - signage, horizontal orientation, and windows - are still in place.

I I 1989

1965

z3: ~ ..c..., l/) 1900 ca. 1959 2000

Central Avenue Figure B. State Bank ofFaribault NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

On December 20, 1919, the newly chaitered Faribault State Bank opened for business in the Masonic Building at 228 Central Avenue. John W. Boock was elected its first president. The bank remained in that location until 1930 when the newly named Faribault State Bank and Trust Company acquired the former Citizens Bank building at 229 Central Avenue. In 1939 the bank became The State Bank ofFaribault. Then, in 1959, the bank acquired the former Arlington Hotel on the corner of Central Avenue and 5th Street. On the site, a new building was erected, including first drive-thru window. It was designed by the architectural office ofA. Moorman, well known for their work on banks in Minnesota. The bank expanded several times, acquiring the one-story store just to the south around 1965 and building a one-story addition to the rear in 1989. In 1971 additional drive-through lanes were added on the prope1ty west ofthe alley. This has not been included within the district boundaries. 102

Harvey Hotel (1929) 429 Central Avenue Contributing A The Harvey Hotel is a five-story structure using elements of the 20th Century commercial style, including the use of brown brick and brick corner quoins. The five-story section ofthe building is laid out in an L-plan, 80 ft. on Central Avenue and extending 124 ft. on 5th Street NE. The five-story construction extends back 42 ft. from Central Avenue and 34 ft. from 5th Street. The southeast quadrant ofthe building is one story high. The streetscape has five bays. There is a central recessed entrance with a double-leaf door. This entrance is sheltered by a large fabric canopy. To the south of this entrance, there are two storefronts with recessed entries and fixed plate glass display windows. Transom lights remain in place above the windows. North ofthe main entrance are two bays that once held storefronts. These have now been enclosed with metal panels, although the transom remains in place. The bulkheads are polished granite. There is a stone course just above the transoms. Above that, the street level and upper wall are visually separated by a raised stone course. The Central Avenue facade shows windows on each floor with two windows on the sides, with a blank wall separating them from the three-window grouping in the center. The center window in this set is Chicago-style. Others are one-over-one double-hung. All have stone sills. On the fomth floor, the center window has a terra cotta arch over the stone course, as well as a wrought iron balconet. Two terracotta shields are on the walls. Along the roofline, there is a stone course setting off the raised stone cornice and stone coping. The north elevation, facing Fifth Street NE, continues architectural elements found ofthe Central Avenue facade with the raised stone cornice, the stone course above the windows and separating the street level with the upper wall. This also has a central entrance with a single-leaf glass door covered by a cloth canopy. To the west of this door, there are three openings, fonnerly storefronts, now enclosed with painted wood panels. To the east of the entrance, there are four window openings. One has been enclosed with painted wood panels while the others have six-part glazing and stone sills. The Harvey Hotel opened in 1929 as part of a national network of hotels. Designed by St. Cloud architect Louis Pinault, it was described by a local newspaper as "colonial" with the use of Bedford stone for the first story, the cornice, and trim. The first floor had a restaurant, lobby, coffee shop, with two spaces for retail stores opening to Central Avenue. The upper floor held seventy-five sleeping rooms. For entertainment, in the basement, there

102 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A HistmJ1 ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 109-111. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

William O'Neil Building (1914) 504 Central Avenue Contributing A Built in 1914, this two-st01y building reflects some popular changes in architecture in the early twentieth centu1y, primarily the shift to a brown pressed brick. This is a double-front, rectangular plan commercial building with a 44 ft. fa;ade on Central Avenue. The primary facade shows three sets ofpaired windows in a slightly recessed area above the storefront. These appear to be relatively new replacements, with tinted glass and one over-one, double-hung sashes. The upper wall is completed with raised stone cornice that stretches across the full facade plus the 5th Street wall. The wall is capped with stone coping. The first-floor storefront has plate glass display windows and a central recessed entrance with a single-leaf door. The northern half ofthis fa;ade has been altered with the enclosure ofthe window display space with brick and two small segmental arch windows. This was done in 2008. The 5th Street NE elevation continues with paired windows alternating with single one-over one window openings on the second floor. Like the primary fa;ade, there are stone sills. On the ground floor, the windows have been enclosed with brick. There is a single-leaf metal door to the rear. William O'Neil was a successful building and highway contractor who was investing in the northern two blocks ofthe downtown in the first decade ofthe twentieth century. The 5 00 block was primarily residential at the time. This commercial block was built in 1914, with Payant's Drug Store as the first tenant. Several doctors and dentists opened offices on the second floor. It was later owned by Montgome1y Ward's. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 9. The O'Neil Building is on the far right.) 104

Tire Shop (1921) 506 Central Avenue Contributing A This one-story commercial buff-colored brick building was erected around 1920. This has a canted, recessed entrance with a plate glass single-leaf door and two glass plate windows. Immediately above the street front is a rectangle of simulated stone. The upper wall has a recessed rectangle bordered with rowlock bricks. The building features a flat roof with metal coping. This was originally a stand-alone building, now incorporated into 508 Central to the north. The earliest Sanborn Insurance map (1921) labels it as a tire shop and shows no interior connection to the adjacent property at

103 Faribault Weekly Journal, June 7, 21, 1928, March 21, 1929; Minneapolis Sunday Tribune, September 2, 1928; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 132. Louis Pinault designed many schools in central Minnesota as well buildings for St. Cloud State University, the city of St. Cloud, Steams County and the St. Cloud Catholic Diocese. 104 Faribault Weekly Journal, August 5, 1914, November 20, 1918. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Lindeman Bicycle Shop (1912) 508 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a rectangular two-story brick Commercial-style store building with a flat roof. The storefront has an off-center recessed, angled entrance with two single-leaf doors on the south portion of the facade - one for access to the store and one to stairs to the second floor. There are two large plate glass windows with metal smrnunds and a panel of six transom lights above the storefront. The bulkhead is brick. On the upper wall, there is a course of dentiled brick, then a stone sill course. There are three symmetrically placed windows that are double-hung with one-over-one lights. Above the windows is a stepped cornice. Brick

G.A.R. Hall (1890 ca., 1909) 510 Central Avenue Noncontributing Built around 1890 and moved to this site in 1909, this is a two-story structure with its primary facade facing Central Avenue. The plan is rectangular, measuring 22 ft. by 62 ft. in the older section with a later addition of 39 ft. extending to the rear ofthe property. The street facade is obscured by a cream-colored brick facing on the street level and by pressed metal sheet on the second floor. On the street level, the primary entrance is recessed and off-center with a single-leaf plate glass door and a metal surround. There is also a secondary entry, providing access to the second floor, on the northern portion of this fa;:ade. What appears to be a window opening is now covered with a plywood panel. On the second floor there are three rectangular windows, one-over-one, with aluminum framing. 107 This building was used as the Grand Almy ofthe Republic Hall, Michael Cook Post, No. 123. The Fair Oaks Circle, No. 9, Ladies ofthe GAR, also met here. The building was originally located at 412 Central Avenue but moved here in 1909 when the Gallagher-O'Neil Block was constructed. Soon after the move, M. B. Haskell opened a grocery store, but after a year, it became a tire shop on the ground floor. The G.A.R. continued to meet upstairs into the 1920s. 108

105 Sanborn Insurance Map, 1921; Polk's Faribault DirectOIJJ ofHouseholders, Occupants ofOffice Buildings and Other and Other Business Places (St. Paul, Minn.: R. L. Polle & Co., 1926, 1929, 1936). 106 Faribault Journal, February 26, 1908, October 23, 1912, October 22, 1919. 107 Street views show that the changes were made no earlier than 1975, but were in place by 1982. 108 Faribault Journal, April 28, June 30, August 11, 1909. The date ofthe changes to the exterior are based on a review of historic photographs. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

The building is considered noncontributing because ofthe substantial loss ofintegrity due to alterations after the period of significance.

Central Clinic (1929) 512 Central Avenue Contributing A This is a unique building in the district with a side gabled roof and stone exterior. The facade has four bays with a recessed entiy door to the south (left), then three window bays, two tripled and one with paired windows. All lights are multi-paned with transoms. These are surrounded by brown brickwork. There is a raised brown brick course at the foundation, another about three ft. up, and a third around three ft. below the cornice. There are two chimneys on either end ofthe gabled roof, rectangular. The decorative, stepped, parapet has "1929" in terra cotta, and the name "Central Clinic" has been obscured. This opened in 1929 as the Central Clinic. Physicians Stephen Haessley, Arthur Neutzman, and Carl Traeger jointly shared the quarters for their practice. They had previously had offices in the O'Neil Block at 504 Central. The Faribault Daily News reported, "This modem building, devoted to medical and surgical use, is built of Faribault stone and is one ofthe show places ofthe city." 0. F. Zimmerman was the building contractor. By 1939 Neutzmann, who was also county coroner, left the partnership. By 1950 it had been acquired by the American Legion and was used by their post for many years. Local contI·actor P. J. Gallagher constructed the building. 109

Faribault Daily News (1951) 514 Central Avenue Contributing This is a one-story office building. Its style is somewhat transitional but reflects the shift from the vertically oriented two-part commercial building to one-part horizontally oriented commercial development. The sleek exterior, lacking ornamentation, is a polished stone with marble panels on the water table. It has a central recessed entrance with a double-leaf glass plate door and transom light above. Flanking the entrance are paired fixed plate windows with aluminum framing. There is stone coping. This has been the home ofthe Faribault Daily News. Howard and Helen Bratton established the Daily News in 1914 and acquired this lot in 1919. In 1951 Daily News acquired this building, expanded to the rear, and added a new, current front. (See Additional Documentation, Figure 12.)110

Integrity Overall, the buildings in the Faribault Commercial Historic District are in good condition and retain adequate integrity to portray their significance as components of a mid-nineteenth to mid-twentieth century central business district. Most ofthe storefronts have been altered in some manner, so that finding storefront components that pre date 1966 is uncommon. However, the contributing buildings retain their original form and massing, and continue

109 Faribault Weekly Journal, March 21, 1929; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities. (Faribault: Rice County Bi-Centennial Commission, 1976), 158. 11°Faribault Journal, October 15, 1919; Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 107. · NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

to show their original use. A determination of sufficiency of historic fabric in this amended district is based upon the retention of overall building mass and form, a preference for complete visibility in terms of wall coverings, the retention of some ofthe upper fenestration, as well as parapet lines and an open storefront. The expansion of the district's period of significance complicates the evaluation of historical integrity. Mid-twentieth century architecture made greater use of single-story construction, with only the often-modified storefront facing the street, in contrast to two-story buildings, which retained better integrity on the upper fa<;ade. While individual buildings may be altered, the district as a whole retains integrity of design, location, workmanship, setting, materials, feeling, and association. Few buildings have been altered to a degree that they no longer contribute to the district. Where buildings have been demolished, open space or parking areas have often taken their place. Location is tied to the historical role ofthe commercial core. The rising bluffs on the east side ofthe Straight River visually anchor the downtown. Looking to its summit, one can catch glimpses of the state schools as well as Shattuck and St. Mary's School. Design within the expanded district is retained by a readily interpretable change in form, plan, scale and style. Victorian era commercial buildings, concentrated in the 200 and 300 blocks of Central Avenue and the perpendicular 3rd Street, were supplanted over time by wider and lower-profile ones. The buildings share a common setback, corner buildings are more architecturally substantial and design unity is emphasized given that a majority of the older core buildings were designed and built almost simultaneously. Setting is embodied in the adjacent patterning of similar buildings, collectively committed to presenting an aesthetic of permanency and tradition. Faribault's plat predates the railroad and centered its downtown. This centrality of place cannot be overstated. Materials are defined in a district by the exterior building components. Faribault's downtown is predominantly brick in its composition with a smaller, though important, range of stone-fronted blocks and facades. A ve1y small number of simulated masonry fronts in turn emulated both material traditions. The proportion of intact and visible facades within this district is very high. Storefronts were commonly changed to meet new trends. Materials as represented in storefront construction represent post-1966 replacements. Workmanship is strongly retained in the upper storefronts within the district. This district is significant for the higher and more substantial quality of its buildings. As a result, the earlier buildings are highly ornamental and despite their unifonnity of massing, materials and scale, they are very individualized and recognizable. Parapets and pediments survive to a high degree. Feeling is strongly impaited by the dominant unity that the earlier store buildings convey. Exceptional edifices, such as the Union Block and the Mueller building elevate the whole downtown. The sheer vitality of a thriving downtown, which is the present condition in this example, conveys the feeling found in a space that remains the heart ofthe community. Downtown Faribault retains its association with the larger community. Walking through the district, the visitor can readily develop an accurate understanding of Faribault's commercial history.

List of Resources The list includes all resources in the original Faribault Commercial Historic District and the Boundary Increase. Those in the original district (National Register, 1982) and the local certified district are indicated. NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Entries include address, historic name ofthe property (where applicable), date ofconstruction, and Rice County property identification number.

Resources previously listed in the Faribault Commercial Historic District (NRIS #82003011)

Street Street Historic Name Date Built Contributing Criteria Local PIN No. Status District 201- CENTRAL AVE Kaul Block 1896 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126328 203 202- CENTRAL AVE Lieb Block 1882 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126348 204 205 CENTRAL AVE Berghlener Building 1870 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126326 206 CENTRAL AVE Case Block 1875 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126349 207 CENTRAL AVE Carpenter, Smith, & 1870 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126325 Shaw Building 208- CENTRAL AVE Union Block 1883 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126350 212 209 CENTRAL AVE Felt Confectionery 1871 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126324 211 CENTRAL AVE Bettinger Building 1875 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126323 213 CENTRAL AVE Stevens and Co. 1868 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126322 Druggists 214 CENTRAL AVE Cavanaugh and Co. 1878 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126351 Hardware 216 CENTRAL AVE Cole Block 1878 Contributing A,C Yes 183126352 217 CENTRAL AVE Hill Block 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126321 218 CENTRAL AVE Citizens' National 1878 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126353 Bank (I) 219 CENTRAL AVE Post Block 1875 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126320 220 CENTRAL AVE O'Brien's Boots and 1878 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126354 Shoes 221- CENTRAL AVE Kinsey Dry Goods 1880 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126319 223 224- CENTRAL AVE Loyhed Block 1870, Contributing A Yes 1831126355 226 1963 225 CENTRAL AVE Levy and Herbst 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126318 Block 227 CENTRAL AVE Mee Brothers Dry 1868, Contributing A,C Yes 1831126317 Goods 1925 229 CENTRAL AVE Citizens' National 1894 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126316 Bank (II) 230 CENTRAL AVE Masonic Block 1878, Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126335 1974 NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

Resources in the expanded Faribault Commercial Historic District

No. Street Historic Name Date Built Contributing Criteria Local PIN Status District 203 1ST AVE NW Firestone Tire 1955 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126344 Company 208 1ST AVE NW City Hall 1898 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126358 211 1ST AVE NW Voegel's Creamery 1922 Contributing A Yes 1831126343 215 1ST AVE NW CITY PARKING Not Counted n/a Yes 1831126342 LOTS 302 1ST AVE NW Baumgarten Bakery 1903 Contributing A No 1831126268 306 1ST AVE NW Bultman fusurance 1955 Contributing A No 1831126269 Agency 308 1ST AVE NW Deverey Sanitaiy 1913 Noncontributing n/a No 1831126270 Dairy Co. 310 1ST AVE NW E.F. Kelly Groce1y 1898 Contributing A,C No 1831126271 20 1ST STNE Brunswick Hotel 1896 Contributing A Yes 1831126483 Annex 20 lSTSTNE Annex Stable 1906 Contributing A Yes 1831126483 12 2NDSTNE CITY PARKING Not Counted n/a Yes 1831126329 LOT7 16-18 2NDSTNE Henry Herter, Tailor 1880 ca. Contributing A Yes 1831126330 20-24 2ND STNE Mullen Motor 1948 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126331 Company 32 2NDSTNE Adam Weyer 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126333 Wagon Shop 14 2NDSTNW R. J. Lieb Building 1905 Contributing A Yes 1831126347 18 2ND STNW DeForest A. Skinner 1908 Contributing A Yes 1831126346 Creamery 20 2NDSTNW Village Theater 1946 Contributing A Yes 1831126345 21 2NDSTNW Goblirsch Dental 1950 Contributing A Yes 1831126463 Office 17 3RD STNE CITY PARKING Not Counted n/a Yes 1831126571 LOT 26 3RD STNE U. S. Post Office 1911, Contributing A Yes 1831126303 1965 31 3RD STNE A. L. Hill Furniture 1875 Contributing A,C Yes 1831177001 Factory 11 3RD STNW Clement-McKinstry 1878 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126335 Building 13 3RD STNW J.M. Nelson 1878 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126336 Building 14-16 3RD STNW Mathieu Block 1896 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126282 15-19 3RD STNW CITY PARKING Not Counted n/a Yes 1831126337 LOT6 20 3RD STNW Degen Grocery 1868, Contributing A,C Yes 1831126280 1882 NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

22 3RD STNW Faribault Federal 1879, Contributing A Yes 1831126279 Savings and Loan 1961 Association 23 3RD STNW Patrick Cuskelley 1879,, Contributing A Yes 1831126338 Building 1950s 24 3RD STNW Timothy J. 1884 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126278 McCarthy Building 25 3RDSTNW Borgerson Grocery 1880 ca. Contributing A Yes 1831126339 28 3RDSTNW Al's Place 1958 ca. Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126277 30 3RD STNW Healy's Store 1879, Contributing A,C Yes 1831126276 1883 101 3RDSTNW Chase State Bank 1905 Contributing A Yes 1831126356 105 3RDSTNW J. L. Frisbie House 1865 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126357 4TH STNE CITY PARKING Not Counted Yes 1831126188 LOT 11 16 4TH STNW E.M. Leach & Sons 1907 Contributing A No 1831126196 Lumber Company 101- CENTRAL AVE Brunswick Hotel 1930 Contributing A Yes 1831126482 113 108 CENTRAL AVE Faribault Sanitary 1913 Contributing A Yes 1831126469 Cleaning Co. 112 CENTRAL AVE Plaskett Garage 1919 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126470 114- CENTRAL AVE Heinrich Building 1865 Contributing A Yes 1831126471 116 117 CENTRAL AVE Northern States 1957 Contributing A Yes 1831126481 Power 118 CENTRAL AVE Johnson's Drug 1884 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126472 Store 119 CENTRAL AVE Faribault Insurance 1948 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126471 Company 120 CENTRAL AVE Batchelder's Block 1869 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126473 121 CENTRAL AVE Reinsch Bakery 1890 ca. Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126479 122 CENTRAL AVE Maid-Rite Sandwich 1946 Contributing A Yes 1831126474 Shop 126 CENTRAL AVE Lang Building 1894 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126475 127- CENTRAL AVE Elks Hall 1912 Contributing A Yes 1831126478 129 128 CENTRAL AVE Clements Building 1905 Contributing A Yes 1831126462 301- CENTRAL AVE Godfrey 1866, Contributing A Yes 1831126302 305 3RDSTNE Fleckenstein Block 1868, 12-14 1893, 1930 302 CENTRAL AVE Security National 1915 Contributing A Yes 1831126283 Bank ~ 19703 CENTRAL AVE Crocker Phaimacy 1880 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126284 06 309 CENTRAL AVE Renslow Building 1883 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126301 310 CENTRAL AVE Kresge Building 1866, Contributing A Yes 1831126285 1928 NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic National Park Service District (bounda.1y incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _7_ Page _68_

311 CENTRAL A VE , Piepho Building 1883 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126300 313 CENTRAL AVE Peltier' s Block 1916 Contributing A Yes 1831126299 314 CENTRAL AVE Kaiser Building 1876 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126286 315 CENTRAL AVE The Fair Store 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126298 316 CENTRAL AVE Mueller Block 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126574 317 CENTRAL AVE Deverey & Donahue 1874 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126298 Hardware 318 CENTRAL AVE Tuttle Building 1874, Contributing A Yes 1831126574 1913 321- CENTRAL AVE Paramount Theatre 1929 Contributing A Yes 1831126297 323 322 CENTRAL AVE A. J. Grant Grocery 1887, Contributing A Yes 1831126289 1920 324 CENTRAL AVE Mott Building 1881, Contributing A Yes 1831126290 1918 ca. 325 CENTRAL AVE Sheeran and Filler 1885 ca. Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126296 Store 326 CENTRAL AVE Syverson Building 1902 Contributing A Yes 1831126291 327 CENTRAL AVE Bloxam Gun Shop 1888 ca., Contributing A Yes 1831126295 1960 ca. 328- CENTRAL AVE Cosgrove Block 1905 Contributing A Yes 1831126273 330 329 CENTRAL AVE Cromer Block 1894 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126294 401 CENTRAL AVE Stegner & Von 1883 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126187 Wald Dry Goods 402 CENTRAL AVE Farmers and 1919 Contributing A Yes 1831126198 Merchants Bank 403 CENTRAL AVE Henry Kester 1883 Contributing A,C Yes 1831126186 Harness Shop 404 CENTRAL AVE Herzog 1899, Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126575 Millinery/Grant 1895 Block 405 CENTRAL AVE J.C. Penney 1911, Non contributing n/a Yes 1831126185 Company 1922 409 CENTRAL AVE Sun Movie Theater 1921 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126184 413 CENTRAL AVE Foster Real Estate 1922 Contributing A Yes 1831126183 412- CENTRAL AVE Gallagher-O'Neil 1909 Contributing A Yes 1831126575 414 Building 415 CENTRAL AVE Taylor Electric 1884, Contributing A Yes 1831126182 Laund1y 1907 419 CENTRAL AVE Anderson Motor 1919 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126181 Company 421 CENTRAL AVE Faribault Furniture 1886 Noncontributing n/a Yes 1831126180 Co. Office 428 CENTRAL AVE State Bank of 1959 Contributing A Yes 1831126575 Faribault 429 CENTRAL AVE Harvey Hotel 1929 Contributing A Yes 1831126179 504 CENTRAL AVE William O'Neil 1914 Contributing A No 1831126169 Building NPS Form 10-900-a 0MB No. 1024-0018

506 CENTRAL AVE Tire Shop 1921 Contributing A No 1831126170 508 CENTRAL AVE Lindeman Bicycle 1912 Contributing A No 1831126170 Shop 510 CENTRAL AVE G.A.RHall 1890 ca., Non contributing n/a No 1831126173 1909 512 CENTRAL AVE Central Clinic 1929 Contributing A No 1831126174 4 CENTRAL AVE Faribault Daily 1951 Contributing A No 1831126175 News NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page _1_

Narrative Statement of Significance The Faribault Commercial Historic District, located in the city of Faribault, Rice County, Minnesota, and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The City of Faribault established a Heritage Preservation Commission in 1981 and the City adopted a Heritage Preservation Plan in 1985. The National Park Service approved a Certified Local Commercial Historic District in 1986, with a boundmy that closely parallels, but does not conform to, the expanded district. As was standard at the time, when Britta Bloomberg wrote the nomination in 1981, significance was developed around themes rather than contexts. The primmy significance was commerce, and the nomination noted the city's "reputation as a regionally impmtant trade and manufacturing center."1 The original period of significance was 1870-1898. From a vantage point, nearly forty yem·s after the original nomination, it seems appropriate to expm1d the district based on the city's continued significance as a commercial center until well after World War II. The period of significance now extends to 1970 reflecting the continued significance of downtown through 1975. The core blocks ofthe expanded district served as the primary commercial business district for the city from the mid-nineteenth centmy into the mid-twentieth century. The city played an important role in the economic development of central Minnesota, providing retail, services, and banking, as well as social and cultural opportunities. Its commercial function is represented by such structures as retail stores, banks, hotels, restaurants, professional offices, and newspaper offices. The district includes related buildings that enhanced the development of downtown commerce such as theaters, meeting halls, governmental offices as well as social clubs and fraternal organizations. The city's strategic location between several major cities in southern Minnesota contributed greatly to its commercial and industrial growth and gained for it a reputation as a regionally important trade and manufacturing center. Architecture was the secondary theme in the original nomination, with the district described as an "assemblage oftwo- and three-story buildings displays the stylistic variations of 'Main Street' commercial architecture during the period the area was developed. Commercial Italianate and Queen Anne are the predominate styles utilized."2 Buildings within the expanded district that meet that original criteria will be considered contributing under Criterion C. The district is significant within two statewide historic contexts established by the State Historic Preservation Office, "Railroads and Agricultural Development 1870-1940" and "Urban Centers, 1870-1940," and within five historic contexts established by the Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission, "Early Settlement," "Commerce," "Industiy," "Civic," and "Quality ofLife."

Criterion A: Commerce One of the oldest towns in Minnesota, Faribault was among the first substantial cities to be built away from the Mississippi or Minnesota Rivers. The townsite developed around land owned by Alexander Faribault, a trader

1 Britta Bloomberg, "Faribault Historic Commercial District," March 2, 1982, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, available at Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), Minnesota Historical Society (MHS), St. Paul, Minn. 2 Ibid. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

who established a post at the confluence ofthe Straight and Cannon Rivers as early as 1835. He was influential in gaining Wapacuta and Mdewakanton support for the Treaty ofMendota in 1853, opening the land to wh.ite settlement. Faribault was integral in the development ofthe new town. He built early flour mills, paid for construction ofthe first church in town in 1855, and donated land and funds for schools, parks, and other local institutions. The 2\.lexander Faribault house, located just outside the district, is individually listed in the National Register ofHistoric Places. The city became a trade and service center soon after the town was first settled, as a number of small commercial enterprises opened in Faribault in the 1850s. Early settler Frederick Frick described his introduction to Faribault in April 1855, writing, "All along up and down the river were teepees ofthe Wa-pe-cou-tas, far more numerous than the habitations ofthe white man, and the intermingling ofteepees, log cabins, frame houses just begun, with four or five steam saw mills plying a busy trade in their midst."3 The town transformed itself in rapid fashion. Nineteenth-century historian Edward Neill wrote: The tidal wave, or avalanche, was in the spring and summer of 1856, for at the beginning ofthat period there was not a score ofbuildings in town, while in the fall, there were more than 250, and the population had swelled up to be 1,500 or more. There were in the town early in 1857, twenty-three stores, four good hotels, five wagon shops, with blacksmith and shoemaker shops, two livery stables, two meat markets, and three steam mills, and sunounded by a rich country, fast filling up. 4 The surrounding region attracted a diverse mix of new settlers. Charles Davison, an early settler, wrote to his cousin in 1856 about the many different people emigrating to Faribault: "Society is fmming out of all classes, nations and tongues. The [mixed bloods are a] wealthy... and influential class .... Canadian and Parisian French are our taylors [sic] and dry goods clerks. Irish as well as Americans are our shoemakers.... New England Yankees are our aristocrats."5 Among the earliest settlers were members ofthe Northampton Colony. Organized in western Massachusetts, the colonizers encouraged emigration to the new territory, advising those interested to read E. S. Seymour's Sketches ofMinnesota: The New England ofthe West. Porter Nutting, secretary and treasurer ofthe association, chose a site along the Cannon River as a possible destination, and in 1855, the Northampton Courier reported that he had purchased a portion ofthe "town plot" for twelve hundred dollars. "It is thought," the item reads, "that this settlement, which is called Faribault, will be selected for the county seat." The Courier also said: "The settlement on Cannon River, the place selected by Mr. Nutting as agent ofthe Massachusetts Colony, and where a part only ofthe Colony located, is prospering finely." 6 These were followed by other "Old Stock" settlers from New England or the Burnt-over District in upstate New York. The transplanted Yankees tended to be educated and quickly became Faribault's professional class - the aristocrats, as Charles Davison called them, holding positions as bankers, lawyers, physicians, and teachers.

3 Frederick W. Frink, A Short History ofFaribault and Some ofIts People (Faribault: Rice County Historical Society, 1993), 6. Originally published in 1901, 4 Edward D. Neill, Hist01y ofRice County (Faribault: Rice County Historical Society, 1993), 3. 5 Charles E. Davison and family papers, 1852-1864. Minnesota Historical Society. 6 Northampton Courier, June 14, July 12, 1853; May 15, 1855. Also see Charles W. Nichols, "New Light on the Northampton Colony," Minnesota Hist01y (June 1941), 169-173. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service _(boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page _3_

While the old Yankee stock dominated the city's politics in the early settlement years, there was also a burgeoning Irish population, attracted to Rice County through the efforts of Senator James Shields, who promoted settlement in the national Catholic press in the midst of a wave of immigration during the Ireland's potato famine. Many found a home in Faribault, gaining employment as laborers, grocers, saloonkeepers, and tradesmen. Others worked for the railroad - by 1880 the Irish represented fourteen percent of all railway employees in Minnesota. There was also a significant German, French, and Scandinavian population. These were often the town's shopkeepers and laborers. Four key ingredients, all in place by the end of the Civil War, helped to establish Faribault as a significant commercial center. The first was waterpower from the Cannon and Straight rivers. Milling industries, powered by water, quickly attracted customers from the surrounding towns and fanns, in addition to suppliers of grain and wool, making the city an economic center of regional importance. Second, the commercial district benefited from the city's designation as the seat of Rice County in 1856. The courthouse helped to create a stable local economy, centered on the regular stream of court cases and legal filings that encouraged lawyers, surveyors, and real estate agents to establish offices nearby. In addition, it provided employment for local citizens who processed county records and managed the county jail. Hotels and livery stables profited when county residents came to town to transact business. Because legal notices had to be printed, at least one printing press was sure to have a steady income. The first official courthouse was erected in 1874, two blocks west ofthe commercial district. Third, the city's well-connected political leadership brought important state institutions to the city, including the State School for the Deaf (1863) and the State School for the Blind (1866). The State School for the Feeble Minded would follow in 1881. Over the years, these institutions employed hundreds of local citizens. Finally, that same leadership drew Episcopal Bishop Henry Whipple (from upstate New York) to establish the city as the location ofthe Diocesan See. A charismatic leader, Whipple gained a national reputation for his expansion ofthe church and for his forceful advocacy for American Indians in Minnesota. Soon after his arrival in 1860, the diocese began construction of the Cathedral of Our Merciful Saviour and Seabury Divinity School, as well as the Episcopal educational institutions of Shattuck and St. Mary's Schools. Whipple befriended wealthy benefactors from Chicago and eastern cities, who donated substantially to the schools and financed the construction of stone and brick buildings designed by nationally known architects such as Henry Congdon and Cass Gilbert. 7 Although the state schools and the Episcopal schools were located outside the district boundaries, this investment fueled the local economy. Construction kept building trades in full employment as campuses grew. They provided jobs for teachers, researchers, and support staff, while attracting visitors and residents. Reverend James Breck, founder ofthe Seabury Divinity School wrote a fundraising letter, explaining the economic benefits ofthe institution to the whole town: For the cabinetmaker has lumber which must be paid for, and has in tum his bills with the butcher and teamster, and the day laborer again with the merchant and the landlord. Whilst we shall not be trading with every citizen ofFaribault, yet it can hardly be otherwise but that all persons within our

7 Herny B. Whipple, Lights and Shadows ofa Long Episcopate: Being Reminiscences and Recollections ofthe Right Reverend Hemy Benjamin Whipple, D.D., LL.D., Bishop ofMinnesota (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1899). NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

influence will be especially benefited by our institution. Now eve1y child is a consumer. The boarder is a consumer. 8 There are many factors that contribute to the aesthetic quality of a particular place. From its earliest days, leaders saw the city as the "Athens ofthe West" - combining of piety, education, nature, and beautiful architecture. This civic pride did much to shape the enduring social and economic prosperity ofthe community.9

1865-1900 In the latter decades of the nineteenth centmy, Faribault grew from town to city - literally in terms of government but economically as well. The population nearly doubled in the years just after the Civil War, growing from 2,234 in 1865 to 3,045 in 1870 to 5,415 in 1880. As F. W. Frink wrote, "Business houses of brick and stone were taking the places ofthose destroyed by fire or rendered out offashion by reason of being too primitive for the times." 10 Although the city's economy had a solid foundation at war's end, the arrival ofthe railroad triggered a commercial and construction boom that defined the present-day district. In 1864 the Minnesota Central Railway Company ( originally incorporated as the Minnesota and Cedar Valley Railroad in 1856) laid tracks from Minneapolis across the Minnesota River to Mendota and then south toward Iowa, there linking up with Iowa railroads that connected to Chicago and Milwaukee. In 1865 the Central reached Faribault from the north. The Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railroad would later own this line. The Faribault Central Republican ofJune 21, 1865, announced a grand city-wide celebration for the upcoming Fourth ofJuly- "the most Glorious ofall the Fourths in the hist01y of our Independent, undivided, and EMANCIPATED country." Scrolling down the page, it carried the following notice: "Mr. Fleckenstein has commenced excavating the cellar for his new building on Main Street." The following week, the newspaper reported the start ofthree other buildings: W. Heimich's "stone block oftwo stories," W. H. Stevens, and Joseph Stocklein's "block oftwo stores ... on the west side ofMain street, opposite the post office." The newspaper's account suggested, "This will make quite an addition to the buildings on Main street, and when with the grading now in progress finished up as proposed, it will be one ofthe handsomest business streets in any town in the interior of Minnesota."11 As early as 1868 a Board ofTrade was organized to promote commerce in Faribault. These post-Civil War years mark the time when downtown Faribault transfonned from a one- to two-story wood structures into the substantial Italianate blocks that form the core of its historic district. Looking back on 1868, a writer for the Central Republican observed, "Previous to this time, strangers visiting our place have been struck by the unfavorable contrast between the size and apparent amount of business of our town and the antiquated and shabby appearance of our business blocks."12

8 James Lloyd Breck, The Life ofthe Reverend James Lloyd Breck, D. D., Charles Breck, compiler (New York: E. & J. B. Young, 1883). 9 M. M. Shields, editor, Faribault: The Athens ofthe West (Faribault, Minn.: Faribault Pilot, 1903). 1°Frederick W. Frink, A Short History ofFaribault and Some ofIts People, 33. 11 Faribault Central Republican, June 21, 28, 1865. 12 Faribault Central Republican, January 6, 1869. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundmy incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet -Name of multiple listing -tif applicable) Section number _8_ Page _5_

The rail network grew in the two decades following the first line into Fm·ibault. The Chicago and Great Western was built through Faribault as the Cannon Valley Raih-oad in 1882, followed by the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific. There was a personal connection to the advancement ofthe raih-oad, since Donald Grant of Faribault was a prime contractor for its construction. Grant would later have a hand in the construction of many of the major railroads in the upper Midwest. His accumulating wealth provided capital for several local banks, with a major interest in Security State Bank. Good transportation provided the foundation for the city's growth as local industries developed in Faribault. Two companies show the close bonds between industly and the commercial district. Ansel Hill's furniture factory (31 3rd Sti·eet NE) was built in 1871, one block east ofCentral Avenue. Born in 1829 in Massachusetts, Hill moved to Faribault in 1855, where he began manufacturing furniture. Following a fire in 1889, he erected a brick factory on the corner of 3rd Street NE and 1st Avenue NE. As his business prospered, he invested in several downtown buildings, including an opera house and several commercial blocks, becoming one ofthe city's largest property owners. In the Hill Block (215 Centi·al Avenue) he maintained a furniture show room as a retail outlet for his factory. He was also the principal investor behind the Union Block in 1883. In the same manner, the Fm·ibault Furniture Company (28 4th Street NE) manufactured dining room suites, buffets, china closets, side tables, library tables, desks, and other furniture, and then sold them in a company store on Central Avenue (421) Its president, John Hutchinson, was a prominent civic leader, member ofthe state legislature, and also president ofthe Faribault Roller Mill. 13 In 1893 the Theopold Mercantile Company warehouse (303 1st Avenue NE) opened near the rail lines. The fom shipped goods, primarily groceries, across south central Minnesota. This building was located on an early site ofthe Faribault Woolen Mills. That company was set back by three fires in its mill building on 3rd Street NE over a period of ten years. The last fire in 1892 destroyed the mill and all the equipment in it. Soon, Klem er opened a new mill at the company's present site on the Cannon River. Fridolin Schimmel moved to town in 1893 and his company produced pianos in their plant at Sixth Street and Central Avenue. Just east across the river, two competing breweries, owned respectively by brothers Godfrey and Ernst Fleckenstein, produced popular beers. Each employed around twenty people. Adam Weyer established a wagon fact01y at the corner of Second Street NE and First Avenue NE. While river towns, such as Stillwater, Red Wing, and Winona, were known for their lumber mills and finishing works, Faribault had only one major manufacturer. L. C. Ingram opened a sash, door, and blind fact01y in 1857, located just northwest of the commercial center at 1st Avenue W. and 5th Street NW. Later purchased by his partner, E. M. Leach, it remained a mainstay ofthe local economy well into the twentieth century. The heart ofthe city's downtown -the 200 and 300 blocks of Central Avenue and 3rd St W. from Central to 1st Avenue NW - developed rapidly during the last decades ofthe nineteenth century. Substantial brick blocks replaced the first generation ofwooden buildings. Following a disastrous fire in 1878, which destroyed most of Block 5 7, a dozen new buildings rose from the ashes within two years, including the Citizens' Bank (216-218 Central Avenue), the Union Block (208 Central Avenue), and th~ O'Brien Boot and Shoe Shop (220-222 Central Avenue). By 1894 there was a brick commercial building on every lot on Central Avenue between 2nd and 3rd Streets and on the first block of 3rd Street NW, west of Central.

13 Franklin Curtiss-Wedge, compiler, Histo,y ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, Vol. II (Chicago: 1910). NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Buildings constructed in the 1870s and 1880s shared a similar historic character and represented typical commercial development during the railroad era in Minnesota. Mostly two- and three-story masonry blocks, the buildings featured fashionable styles ofthe Victorian era such as Italianate and Queen Anne. Individuals and families operated most oftl1e businesses, with stores on the first floor and professional offices or family quarters above. Prominent owners included lawyers George Batchelder and Thomas Buckham (Old Stock Yankees), Godfrey Fleckenstein and Louis Mueller (German), Thomas McCarthy and Jeremiah Healy, (Irish), and Lawrence Kyllo (Norwegian). Commercial enterprises consisted of a mix of retail and service-oriented businesses, including groceries, hardware, furniture, drug, and clothing stores; pool halls, restaurants, bakeries, and blacksmith shops. It opened the doors of opportunity for newcomers. In 1877 cousins James Bachrach and Joseph Kahn opened a new clothing store in the Case Block, advertising it as "Jim and Joe's, The Poor Man's Friend- Cheapest Store Under the Sun." Over the following years the pair opened stores in Owatonna, Kenyon, and Claremont. The store remained under family management until 1991, moving to 316-318 Central Avenue in 1936. It closed its doors for good in 1991. Ben Day, an African American born in Kenosha, Wisconsin, came to town in 1870 and, for thirty years, ran the city's leading barbershop at 305 Central Avenue. Irish-born Timothy McCaiihy purchased a granite and marble company, combining that business with work as an undertaker. After a fire destroyed his business in 1883, McCarthy erected his marble-front store (24 3rd Street NW). It is Faribault's only polished marble fa<;ade, constructed with stone from Vermont, and rendered in the Italianate style with its. highly ornate bracketed cornice and flattened arch windows. 14 Faribault's stability as a trade center was solidified with the establishment of financial institutions in the community. Citizens' Bank and First National Bank opened in the city's central business district in 1865 and 1872, respectively. Citizens' Bank, organized in 1857, had ties to two nineteenth century buildings in the district. The first (216-218 Central Ave,), built in 1878, was a three-st01y block, finished with Chaska brick, and connected by a shared cornice with Gordon Cole's neighboring building. The second (229 Central Avenue), built in 1894, was located on a prominent corner using deep red Menominee brick and Duluth sandstone trim. First National Bank joined with the Masons to erect a cornerstone building in 1876, only to watch it burn two yeai·s later. Rebuilt in 1878, it became home to several retail stores on the ground floor. In 1899, the newly organized Security National Bank took over the old Theopold Block on the northwest corner of 1st Street and Central Avenue. 15 The city continued to benefit from the nearby Episcopal schools and the state institutions. Local businesses regularly garnered contracts for construction of new buildings, as well as for supplying food and other goods. The interaction between "town and gown" led to some students making this their permanent home. For example, Martin Ochs, who grew up in Brown County, came to the Minnesota School for the Deaf, remaining in town to begin a dry goods store with his brothers in 1886. The family business remained a cornerstone ofthe downtown until the 1980s. In 1894 OlofHanson, "a first-class architect," as a local newspaper called him, opened an office in Faribault. Hanson had been a student at the School for the Deaf and was an 1886 graduate ofthe National College for the Deaf (Gallaudet College), in the nation's capital. After working in the Minneapolis office ofHodgson and Son, he

14 Faribault Democrat, February 23, 1877. Daniel J. Hoisington, A Splendid Little Town: A History ofFaribault (Faribault: Heritage Preservation Commission, 1995), 20-25. Benjamin Day's address comes from the 1900 federal census. 15 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, History ofRice and Steele Counties, 389-90. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota ·county and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page _7_

opened his own firm. Over the next few years, he made a significant impact on his adopted city, designing six commercial buildings, twenty-four residences, the German Methodist Church, and the Episcopal rectory. His office was located within the district at W. Third Street. 16 Government provided an anchor to the commercial district. Although county offices are located outside the commercial district, legal work, court cases, and law enforcement provided jobs and brought customers to town. The city provided infrastructure by maintaining streets, supplying water, and battling fires. In the early years, offices were kept in the county courthouse. In 1894 Frank Little, an insurance salesman, approached city fathers with a proposition: ifhe could sell $700,000 of insurance in town, he would donate $30,000 toward construction of a new city hall and library. Once approved, Little selected the location and picked out the architect - Hany Wild Jones. In Jones's plan, City Hall contained both civic offices and a public library, and the two parts were completely separated by a brick wall extending from basement to roof. Construction began within a few months, but then Little's insurance sales slumped. Work halted on the unfinished building, while Little pressed forward, eventually mortgaging his house, but he could never come up with the final donation of $10,000. The city council debated its next step, but finally authorized construction to proceed. The new city hall and library finally opened its doors on January 1, 1898, nearly three years after its exterior was completed. The building also included a public women's restroom, cited as an important convenience for those who wished to shop downtown. As the heart ofthe community, downtown Faribault also provided a home for social interaction through fraternal, social, and service organizations. These groups offered a sense ofcompanionship and provided financial and emotional support to the community's infrastructure. Donations to medical facilities, scholarships, and public improvements-as well as insurance policies for members-comprised some of the projects undertaken by fraternal organizations. Typically, they met in the upper floors of existing downtown buildings, or when successful, constructed or owned their own headquarters or meeting halls. Buildings associated with these social clubs and organizations still stand in the district. Masons, for example, held their early meetings in the Batchelder Block before erecting their four-story hall at the prominent intersection of 3rd Street and Central Avenue in 1876. After a fire in 1878, they promptly rebuilt. Eschewing their own buildings, organizations such as the Grand Army ofthe Republic, the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the Harmonia Society rented existing halls. Social functions and popular entertainment drew customers to downtown. Theaters and halls offered space for lectures, plays, concerts, and other forms of entertainment and interaction. There was a growing demand for such a space at the end ofthe Civil War. The Central Republican editorialized: "We congratulate our friends at Northfield on having one ofthe finest halls in which to hold public meetings that is to be found in Southern Minnesota.... We need such a hall in Faribault very much, and we need just as much the enterprising man to build it." Such a hall, it repeated in 1866, would afford "evidence ofthe public spirit and taste of our community."17 Gottfried Fleckenstein responded by opening a hall on the second floor of his new stone building (303-305 Central Avenue) The new hall proved to be a popular gathering place - used for church meetings, dances, concerts, and lectures. Probably the most notable speaker was Ralph Waldo Emerson, who spoke here in Januaiy 1867, at a lecture sponsored by the Faribault Lecture and Libra1y Association. Kyllo's Hall (27 3rd Street NW),

16 Faribault Republican, June 17, 1894. Hanson also designed the school hospital for the Minnesota School for the Deaf in 1894. 17 Faribault Central Republican, October 26, 1865, January 17, 1866. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundaiy incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page _8_

described as "the most capacious assembly room in our city" when it opened in 1875, offered space for performances and public meetings. 18 The third floor ofthe Hill Block (215 Central Avenue), opened in 1874, was described as an opera house "fitted up in the most convenient and comfortable manner." In 1893 several civic leaders formed a corporation to build the grandest hall of them all - the Faribault Opera House. Fallowing its construction in 1893, the Opera House was the site of plays, lectures, concerts and traveling vaudeville shows. 19 Seeking to promote commerce, the local board oftrade began a street fair in 1895, drawing an estimated 15,000 people to the first event. In 1894 the city purchased two lots on Block 32 (just east of the commercial district) as a general marketplace for the county's farmers. Once a month during the summer, the mai·ket opened to the public, attracting crowds to the downtown. 20 The commercial center provided not only places to congregate for social interaction; it also housed the local newspapers that kept the community info1med and connected. The Faribault Republican began publishing in 1858. The competing Faribault Democrat had its offices in the Masonic Block. Later newspapers with a downtown presence included the Faribault Pilot, begun in 1888, and the Journal, first printed in 1879. Salesmen traveled to town on the railroads and needed places to stay. The Barron House was known as the city's best hotel, and after it burned in 1882, it was replaced by the new Hotel Brnnswick (111 Central Avenue). Although this building was later replaced, the original annex and carriage house remain on 1st Street NE. Several others had long histories, including the United States, the Commercial, and the Arlington Hotels. 21 The city played a role in the formation ofthe Minnesota National Guard. In the late 1870s a military company, the Faribault Guards, organized, one of only five militia units in the state at the time. At a meeting in Faribault in late March 1880, a Minnesota National Guard Association was formed with the goal ofreceiving official state recognition and funding for these fragmented units. Following new state legislation organizing the Guard, the local unit began drilling in Kyllo's Hall (27 3rd Street NW), moving to a newly constrncted armory in 1894.22 The factors that made downtown Faribault a success was apparent in an 1883 article in the Faribault Republican. The author, probably Archibald McKinstry, wrote: Faribault is a first-class point for those who wish to purchase goods. The reasons that make it so will be conceded conclusive by all who will bestow a little thought upon the subject. 1st, a central location, convenient of access from the surrounding country; 2d, good railroad transportation facilities for importation and exportation; 3d, a steady and reliable class of businessmen, possessing sufficient capital ...; 4th, a well-developed surrounding country. All these conditions, it must be conceded, exist in our city and county to a greater degree than in the case of any city in the northwest of approximate size. These facts will explain why Faribault rejoices in so many establishments which keep large

18 Faribault Republican, April 29, 1874, December l, 1875. 19 Faribault Democrat, January 8, 1875. 2°Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, Hist01y ofRice and Steele Counties, I, 243,375; Faribault Democrat, January 8, 1875; Faribault Republican, July 18, 1894. 21 Only the Hotel Brunswick Annex remains from this era. 22 Winona Daily Republican, January 23, April 2, 1880. See Donald M. Douglas, "Social Soldiers: The Winona Company and the Beginnings ofthe Minnesota National Guard," Minnesota Hist01y (Winter 1976): 131-140. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

stocks.... They also account for the spacious and elegant appearance of so many of our business places, which makes so favorable an impression upon visitors from abroad. 23 The significance ofFaribault's commercial center can best be understood within a typology developed by historian and geographer John Borchert. Looking at the upper Mississippi valley in the 1870s, Borche1i estimated that at least 1,000 small towns and hamlets had developed. Ofthose, thirty-seven larger towns became major centers for distribution of goods and consolidation of fann product shipments. These towns "provided professional services as well as depaiiment stores and specialty stores for occasional shopping trips." Borche1i points to two "higher-order" cities: St. Paul and Minneapolis. The second-tier centers were Winona and LaCrosse. One step down, he states, six towns were medium-sized shopping and service centers in the 3,000-5,000 class: Stillwater, Hastings, Red Wing, Mankato, Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, and Faribault. Throughout the period of significance, Faribault was ranked among vital trade and business cities. 24

1900-1918 With a strong local economy, downtown Faribault continued to prosper in the early twentieth century. The city invested in the commercial district's infrastructure as well. A 1910 story reported: During the present summer Faribault has paved eleven of its business blocks with Barr bricks and Kettle river sandstone and has changed from overhead electric_lighting to a brilliant system of curb lighting, having all poles removed from the streets and the wires placed underground. The lighting system has ten posts, with three lights each, to the block five upon each side ofthe street. The paving and the new system of lights are a most noticeable improvement to the appearance of the city. 25 Downtown commerce continued to include retailers and service-oriented businesses such as d1y goods stores, tailors, drug stores, furniture stores, bakeries, butchers, and hardwfil'e stores. Most of these businesses continued to be individual or family-run operations in two-st01y, single storefront buildings, with living quarters, offices, or often storage on the second floor. With no lots available in the 200 and 300 blocks of Central Avenue, commercial development moved north to the 400 and 500 blocks. There were a few older buildings, including the store/ office ofthe Fai·ibault Furniture Company. A motion picture theater - the Empress - opened at 405-407 Central Avenue. After it closed, ai·ound 1918, the Sun Theater opened in a new building next door, while J.C. Penney's moved into the old theater. In 1917 E.T. Anderson opened a Ford dealership at 419 Central Avenue. Across the street, F. W. Woolworth opened in the Grant Block in 1914. In Mfil'ch 1911 the W.W. Stack Company, a Twin Cities-based department store, opened their doors in a new commercial block built by two Faribault's most imp01iant contractors, Patrick Gallagher and John O'Neil. Many thought that the location was located too fal' nmih of the main business district. Eight months later, Ochs Department Store bought out Stack, including the complete inventory and the lease to the building. Ochs moved quickly into its new home, just in time for the Christmas shopping season in 1911. In 1919 John O'Neil erected a new Classical Revival style building on the nmihwest comer of 4th Street and Central Avenue for Farmers & Merchants Bank.

23 Faribault Republican, August 20, 1884. 24 John R. Borchert, America's Northern Heartland (Minneapolis: University ofMinnesota Press, 1987), 36, 69. 25 Faribault Pilot, April 24, 1902; Curtiss-Wedge, History ofRice and Steele Counties, 366. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Quickly the commercial district moved even further north, extending past 5th Street. When Gallagher and O'Neil began construction, the G.A.R Hall on the site was moved off the lot to make way for the new Stack store. It ended up a block north at 510 Central Avenue. Haskell's Groce1y, an old local firm, moved into the ground floor. At the same time, William O'Neil erected a two-story brick commercial building on the northwest corner of Central Avenue and 5th Street. Soon after, the New Process Laundry - C. Brandvold, proprietor - opened at 516 Central Avenue. To the south of2nd Street, development was less active. The corner lots on Central, below 2nd Street, were filled with prominent, well-designed buildings- Elks Hall (127 Central) and Klein & Company Grocery (128 Central). The latter was soon acquired by Consumer Power Company, precursor to Northern States Power. Further down the block, at 114-16 Central, Gerhardt Mentz opened the Domestic Laundry, a dry-cleaning fom. Next door, at 112 Central Avenue, Plaskett's Garage offered its services to car owners, opening in 1919. A few years later, a small coffee shop opened in a newly constructed concrete block building at 122 Central Avenue. By 1910 the city's population had swelled to 9,000, an increase offourteen percent for the decade. Given the steady growth, it is not surprising that Faribault received a new post office -with appropriations passed in 1908 and service beginning in 1912. It became a vital link in local commerce with the introduction of parcel post service in 1915. The Farmer Seed and Nursery made full use ofthe mail with its catalogue sales. As one commentator said, "In spring the office reeked of onions ... mailed by Fmmer Seed."26 When fmancial institutions experienced tremendous growth in the first two decades ofthe twentieth century, their success was reflected in new headquarters constructed in downtown. Security National Bank, with the town's most significant investors, moved into the old stone Theopold building in 1899. Wishing to keep up with the times, the bank transformed it into a four-story brick office in 1914 - downtown's tallest building. Chase State Bank opened in 1905 in a one-story building on the southwest corner of 1st Avenue NW and 3rd Street. Its first president, Kelsey Chase, would go on to become the Minnesota state superintendent of banking. After it reorganized as the Farmers and Merchants Bank, that financial institution moved to a new Classical Revival style building (402 Central Avenue) in 1919. The transportation network continued to expand during these years. In 1901-02 the city received an additional boost to its transportation network when the Burlington, Cedar Rapids, and Northern (later the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific) opened a new line with a depot next to the Straight River. In 1900 the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul constructed a two-mile line from Faribault Junction (a point on the west bank ofthe Straight River) into the downtown and industrial area ofthe city. In addition, in 1903, the Chicago, Minneapolis, and St. Paul extended the Minnesota Midland line from Zumbrota to Faribault, providing a connection between the River Division and the old Central line. The three companies each maintained passenger and freight depots, attracting manufacturing plants and distribution warehouses near the tracks. An observer wrote in 1910, "No better facilities for traveling and freighting are afforded any city in the state aside from St. Paul and Minneapolis."27 On the edges ofthe commercial district, new factories opened. Shaft-Pierce Shoe Company was the major employer in town between 1903 and 1934. At its peak in the 1920s, it employed more than seven hundred people,

26 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Hist01y ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 53. 27 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, History ofRice and Steele Counties, I, 363. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

shipping more than 7,000 pairs of shoes a day. All around the Midwest, children might wear the "Acrobat" or the "Balancer" or the "Minnehaha." The original fact01y, a four-st01y brick structure, was located at the comer of Fourth Street and First Avenue East. It is no longer standing. As the business grew, the Hill Furniture Factory, one block south, was acquired in 1911 as well as a warehouse just south of the Hill building. It has also been demolished. All three were connected by conveyor tracks through a tunnel under 3rd Street NW. Like its predecessor, the Hill Furniture Company, Shaft-Pierce was closely linked to the commercial district. For many years, the company-maintained offices at 16 3rd Street NW (known as the Shaft Building at the time). Owner Willis Shaft moved to town and became a prominent citizen, active in both the Elks and Masons. However, the finn closed its doors in 1934 in the midst of the Great Depression. The original factory is no longer standing; however, the Hill building has been recently restored. 28 It was a time oftransition for some ofthe largest manufacturers. Even though Godfrey Fleckenstein's brewe1y closed in 1902, brother Ernst's operation remained one ofthe largest in Minnesota. While not as large an employer, the Faribault Furniture Company continued to do well, often winning contracts to supply the nearby state institutions. They added a four-story warehouse in 1913. Peterson Art Furniture Company acquired the complex in 1918. Founded in 1905, the company operated for many years on Fifth Street until its transfer to the 4th Street NE site.

1919-1945 Downtown Faribault remained central to the city and the surrounding region in the new century. In the 1920s it went through an economic surge that fostered a wave of construction in the commercial district. In 193 0 Faribault was the ninth largest city in Minnesota, serving as a regional center for commerce, banking, and services. According to a survey, published by the Faribault Daily News, the city ranked fifth in the state in the total dollar amount for building permits that same year, trailing only Minneapolis, St. Paul, Rochester, and Duluth. 29 A local Chamber of Commerce organized, creating a combination social and commercial entity. The 1929 City Directory stated, "Ninety percent ofthe business and professional men of the city are banded together in the Chamber of Commerce, and are thereby able to take advantage of eve1y opportunity that will make Faribault a larger, healthier, happier, more prosperous and more attractive community."30 The Chamber's Better Business committee shepherded the diverse merchants to work together jointly to offer convenient shopping hours. When a store became vacant, the windows were filled by nearby merchants. The "Curb Gossip" - a weekly column about downtown happenings published in the Faribault Journal - observed, "A bare vacant building with bare show windows adds gloom to the downtown district. This practice of utilizing these windows adds much to the downtown's appearance."31 The committee supported a regular calendar of special events. Memorial Day was

28 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, I 05-6. 29 Faribault Daily News, January 21, 1930. 30 Polk's Faribault and Northfield City Directmy, 1929-30 (St. Paul: R. L. Polk & Company, 1929), 23-24. 31 Faribault Weekly Journal, Februa1y 25, 1937. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

marked by a large parade through town. At Christmas, Santa Claus was ensconced at a downtown location to welcome families, while Central Avenue was colorfully decorated. 32 Although the railroad was still essential for both passenger services and industrial shipping, the automobile took an increasingly prominent role in the local economy during these years. In 1920, the Babcock Amendment established a modem system oftrunk highways in Minnesota, with Trunk Highway No. 1 ( often referred to as the Jefferson Highway) established on a north-south route through Farmington, Northfield, and then Faribault. Soon after, the east-west Highways 21 and 60 placed the city in the center of a regional economy. Surrounding small hamlets, home of only a few services and shops, now faced competition from Faribault, with its wide range of well-stocked department stores, restaurants, and theaters. Traffic flowed down Central Avenue through the commercial district, leading to the paving ofthe street in 1927. That same year, the city council authorized a bus line to serve the community. 33 It created complications. The city installed its first stop signs, placing them at the busy intersection of Central Avenue and Fourth Street, followed by more up and down that main commercial boulevard. Parking, left to the whims of the driver, proved an issue and designated spaces with a one-hour limit were instituted in 1937. The new parallel parking created some consternation. Many worried that it might chase business away to Northfield or Owatonna. "This is a fa1mer town," said store owner John Lyons "We want to cater to the farmers. A youngster may leam to manipulate a car as to back or drive into a stall parallel to the curb, but the average farmer hasn't the time to take driving lessons to leam to do this." The city stuck with the plan. 34 Improved transportation, growing industrial development, and the steady expansion ofthe Episcopal schools and state institutions created a shortage of overnight accommodations. John Schultz, owner ofthe Brunswick Inn, complained in 1922: "The present conditions cannot exist much longer, at least without giving our city a very unsavory reputation along this line throughout the Northwest. The presence of so many institutions, bringing, as they do, an extensive patronage, has already given Faribault a far from enviable reputation." By the end ofthe decade, two spacious hotels stood ready to welcome visitors on either end of Central Avenue within the expanded district - the Harvey Hotel and the Hotel Brunswick. First, the nationally known Harvey Hotel Company opened its new hostelry in 1929, designed by St. Cloud architect Louis Pinault. Five stories high, the hotel featured a spacious lobby, a coffee shop, three retail spaces, a bowling alley, a billiard room, a barber shop, and three dining rooms. There were seventy-five rooms for guests. In response, the locally owned Brunswick Hotel completed a major expansion, adding forty rooms and substantially changing the facade. Both projects were major investments in downtown Faribault and encouraged further construction. 35 The downtown was substantially built up prior to World War I and construction after that tended to be either replacement construction or perimeter expansion. Subtle measures such as remodelings and business activities are perhaps better indicators ofcontinuing downtown economic viability. Many owners tried to keep up with changing architectural styles by remodeling their storefronts. The author of the "Curb Gossip" column in the Faribault Weekly Journal observed,

32 Faribault Weekly Journal, November 17, 1926. 33 Faribault Weekly Journal, July 14, August 25, September 29, 1926; November 11, 1937. See "Faribault Viaduct," National Register ofHistoric Places Registration Form, 1989. 34 Faribault Weekly Journal, July 15, 1937. 35 Faribault Weekly Journal, March 15, 1922. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

A few years ago, a new front, bricked in and with bronze metal strips at the comers to hold the plate glass, seemed to be a sizeable improvement. Now, up-to-date business men can obtain new fronts which are modernistic to the nth degree. Ochs Brothers recently have installed one, the Faribault Liquor Store another. Both are well trimmed and framed with black glass, or a glass-like material of that color. Chromium is used to make the complete front something new and ve1y unusual. Jim and Joe's was one ofthe first firms to use this type offront; as fronts are replaced with time, the street will be studded with many ofthem.36 Local contractor P. J. Gallagher acquired the Godfrey Fleckenstein block and hired prominent architect William Ingemann to update the Central Avenue facade (301 Central Avenue), removing the elaborate metal cornice and adding stone facing to the storefronts. Dandelet Jewehy moved into 227 Central Avenue in 1927 and, soon after, remodeled the storefront with an Art Deco style. In 1938 the Masons undertook a major alteration to their hall, removing its elaborate Italianate architectural features and replacing it with a sleek "modem" look. Inside many retail stores installed air-conditioning in the 193 Os, leading the "Curb Gossip" columnist to declare in 193 7, "By next year hardly a Faribault store will be without some sort of an arrangement to make comfort for its customers in t01Tid weather such as this."37 While locally owned stores continued to prosper, during the 1920s and 1930s, the commercial district became increasingly populated by national chains. J.C. Penney acquired the Empress Theater (405 Central Avenue) in 1922 and opened one of the first chain stores in town. Red Owl brought the new "self-serve" groce1y to Faribault that same year. In 1929 Kresge's moved into the Stocklein building (310 Central Avenue). To accommodate the new tenants, plate glass storefront windows were installed, and a substantial addition was built in the rear. By 1939 the downtown was home to Ben Franklin (210 Central), Montgomery Ward (502 Central), A & P (208 Central), National Tea (212 Central), S & L Department Store (224 Central), Coast to Coast Hardware (221 Central), Woolw01ih's (408-10 Central), and a Gamble Store (403 Central). Rather than being a sign of the demise of downtown commerce, it shows the continuing imp01iance of the historic commercial center as the place for a store. ''Nearly all the well-known chains in the United States have stores in Faribault," a rep01ier for Minneapolis Star wrote in 1936. "They do a sizeable business."38 There was fmiher public investment as well. In 1928 3rd Street was paved, with completion of the work marked by a street dance. A decade later the Works Project Administration funded substantial street improvements, including new concrete sidewalks and gutters. Automobile access from the east side to downtown greatly improved in 1937 with the completion ofthe Faribault Viaduct, providing an elevated bridge across the

36 Faribault Weekly Journal, March 11, 1937. 37 Faribault Weekly Journal, July 15, 1937. A 1934-1937 New Deal program by the Federal Housing Administration, the Modernization Loan Insurance Program (or Modernization Credit Plan), helped provide financing for such remodeling efforts under Title I ofthe 1934 National Housing Act. See Gabrielle Esperdy, Modernizing Main Street: Architecture and Consumer Culture in the New Deal (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008), 108. Alison Isenberg, in Downtown America, highlights the transfmmation ofthe Oakland, California, Masonic Temple, which "had an almost unbelievable amount of gingerbread and antiquated

Straight River ai1d the railroad tracks. Among the last ofthe major, urban, reinforced-concrete arch bridges to be built in Minnesota. When the viaduct was opened and dedicated, the Faribault Daily News editorialized that "the cutting ofthe ribbon at the new viaduct marks the end of a long strenuous fight to obtain this improvement. ... To the state highway system, it is another step in the elimination of grade crossings and inadequate bridges. To the city of Faribault, it is more than that; it is an addition which will mean much in the development ofthe city." This new portal to downtown made it significantly more convenient for fanners to the east - as far as Kenyon - to shop in Faribault. 39 The social and cultural life ofthe community were enriched by construction of a new motion picture theater. The old Opera House was conve1ied into a movie theater in 1908 and renamed "The Grand". To the north at 405-407 Central Avenue, the Empress Theater offered competition during the 1910-1920 decade. After it closed, the Sun opened next door. Following a disastrous fire in 1929, the owners ofthe Grand hired the Minneapolis architectural firm ofLieberman and Kaplan - lmown for their theatre projects -to design Paramount Theater (321 Central Avenue). A local reporter breathlessly described his first visit to the new movie palace. The new theater had, a rep01ier wrote, "Soft music, cozy seats, and the new angle ofthe twentieth century, photoplays that talk to you, that sing to you, and that bring you the mighty symphonies of a massive orchestra." In conjunction with the premiere, local stores mounted "Paramount Value Days." "Faribault merchants lmow the value of a good theatre to any community," the Faribault Daily News reported. "Faribault, as a community, realizes that the new theatre will be a drawing card, not only for its own citizens but likewise for visitors from neighboring cities."40 At its opening, Chamber of Commerce Secretary Clyde Helm said, "In a relatively short space oftime, Faribault has progressed from a small town to one of southern Minnesota's important cities. She has become a city that demands modernity in shops, business stores, restaurants and hotels, and in all the appointments of life."41 The years between 1900 and 1945 were the heyday oflocal clubs and lodges. Anew fraternal organization, the Elles, organized a local lodge in 1909 and quickly proceeded to build a hall at 127 Central Avenue, complete with stores, offices, and lodge rooms. As noted previously, the Masons upgraded their lodge rooms in 1938. The Knights of Columbus and the Odd Fellows met in the old opera house until a fire destroyed the theatre in 1929. New service organizations also made their appearance. In 1920 the Faribault Rotary Club organized, meeting first in the Episcopal Guild House, but later at the Elks Club and then the Hotel Faribault. Just south of the district, the Thomas Scott Buckham Memorial Library (NRHP 1982) opened 1930, offering a new destination on lower Central Avenue. In addition, the state built a new armory one block north in 1912. Not only did it provide drill and meeting space for a National Guard unit, it became a popular locale for public events, seating 850 people. 42 More than a collection of buildings, however, downtown Faribault was a place, a destination. Karsten Olmstad, who attended the School for the Blind in the early 1940, wrote about his visits, describing its sounds and smells:

39 Faribault Daily Journal, November IQ, 1937. See Dr. Robert M. Frame, "Faribault Viaduct," National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, 1988. 4°Faribault Daily News, October 9, 1929. 41 Faribault Daily News, October 9, 1929. 42 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, History ofRice and Steele Counties, I, 423. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

The way downtown was long and complicated - down and ai-ound to the bottom of the hill, to the first planks of the rackety bridge where the bank dropped sharply on one side of the walk and cars whizzed by on the other; to the railroad tracks, row after row, where locomotives whistled and shrieked and tore around in all directions. We moved cautiously through the traffic of Central Avenue. [Payant's] drugstore was on the comer of 5th and Central. We caught a whiff of drugs and perfume as we passed by. From the open doorway ofthe shoe shop between 2nd and 3rd came the smell of new leather and polish and the whit of machinery. From the pool hall came the click of spinning balls, loud voices, the odor of cigars. 43

After WWII, 1945-1975 Following World War II, Faribault residents looked to rebuild their community life following the trials ofthe previous years. In many ways, the economic high point of Faribault's downtown was after World War II. Some of this is based on simple demographics, as the "baby boom" years increased the local population from 12,767 in 1930 to 16,028 in 1960. Supp01ied by the work of the Retail Division of the Chamber of Commerce, throughout the mid- to late 20th century, the downtown remained a regionally significant commercial district. Retail trade, primarily concentrated downtown, grew from $15,985,000 in 1948 to $21,000,000 in 1957. Reporter David Lee, writing in the Minneapolis Tribune in 1958, penned "The gaze-and-ignore attitude ... has been overwhelmed by a fresh spirit of progress that bustles up and down Central avenue." Alfred Stedman, writing in the St. Paul Pioneer Press that same year, echoed that sentiment. "I found no evidence of business stagnation or recession here," he wrote. "Everybody seemed to be proud of what has been accomplished to help Faribault grow." 44 Verna Ochs, last president of the family department store, would say in her memoirs that Ochs "enjoyed its heyday in the 1950s and 1960s."45 Advertising and promotion played an important role. The Faribault Daily News, now the only local newspaper, had a Central Avenue office, adding additional space and a new street front in 1951. It ran a weekly adve1iising page with a column, "Meet Your Merchant." In the 1950s the paper's local advertising inches grew by 25%. Print was joined by new media after WWII. KDHL Radio began broadcasting from 213 Central Avenue in 1948 and played an important role in promoting retail commerce. The station broadcasted a weekly program from Ochs Department Store for many years. In addition, a regular cycle ofpromotions attracted people to the downtown - Dollar Days, Krazy Days, and Christmas seasonal promotions and the annual Memorial Day pai·ade wound its way through downtown streets. The Armory, located on Central just south of the district, drew thousands each yeai· for auto and home shows. The era's most significant addition to the south end ofthe downtown was the construction of a new division office for Northern States Power (117 Central Avenue). It used architectural motifs common to the 1950s, including an angled plate glass streetscape and turquoise metal panels on the upper wall. 46

43 Karsten Ohnstad, The World at My Fingertips (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Inc., 1942), 50. 44 Minneapolis Sunday Tribune, March 9, 1958; Faribault Daily News, March 18, 1958. 45 "Ochs Department Store Gets Facelift," Faribault Daily News, October 8, 2000. 46 It was built by Minnesota Mutual Life Insurance with the intent to lease to NSP. Faribault Daily News, July 26, 1956. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park SeNice (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Mim1esota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page __1§_

On 3rd Street NE, the post office continued to be an anchor, with a half-million-dollar addition authorized in 1963 and opened in 1965. It was a hub of activity, not only for personal mail, but for local businesses. Lester Swanberg wrote, "With the enlarged facilities, the Faribault Post Office is now one of the finest in the state .... Gopher Shooters Supply is the largest year-round mailer and Andrews Nursery and Colonial Hatcheries are the large seasonal mailers. Semi-truck loads of nursery stock and baby chicks are dispatched daily during the spring season."47 Roads were greatly improved, so that residents of nearby small towns could more readily travel for their shopping. The Chamber of Commerce touted the strength ofthe local retail sector, stating: Faribault's trade territory embraces a population of 60,000 prosperous, industrious, and neighborly people, who find that the retail stores ofthis city have a selection of merchandise practically equivalent to that of metropolitan centers. It is notable that the markets ofthis city attract farmers to drive from great distances with their grain, livestock, and produce. 48 The combination of well-known local stores, such as Ochs Brothers, and several national chains anchored downtown retail business. Over the years, the Ochs bought up smaller dry goods clothing stores: Kinsey's, Laufenberger's, and C.H. Johnson's. Branches opened in Waseca, Austin, New Ulm, and Waseca. As a small chain, it could afford to advertise heavily, and it became the primary magnet to the north end ofthe commercial district.49 Down Central Avenue, Burkhartzmeyer Shoes (223 Central), Kiekenapp's Hardware, and Bachrach's Mens' Store catered to several generations of clientele. On 1st Avenue, after Shaft Pierce Shoe Company closed, Landkamer's Furniture moved into the old factory building, using the first and second floors for display, while turning the third floor into a warehouse. The company remained in the district until 1974. so Faribault continued to be a social and entertainment center for the region. Clubs and lodges continued to meet in downtown halls and restaurants. The Hotel Faribault dining room hosted meetings of the Chamber of Commerce, the Jaycees, and Rotary. The American Legion purchased the old Central Clinic (512 Central) in 1950 for its new home. After the armory moved from its 2nd Street NW location into new quarters, the hall was vacant, then used for a time as a funeral home. William Glaser purchased the property, hiring architect Perry Crosier, in association with the architectural firm ofLiebenberg & Kaplan, to remodel it into the late-Streamline Moderne Village Theatre. The Paradise (the renamed Paramount) continued to attract crowds to the commercial center. Nearby, small restaurants, like the Boston Cafe and the Olympia, drew theater patrons before and after shows. The Lido Theatre, however, closed in 1951. The automobile continued to shape the downtown. In the years just after WWII, car sales and repair shops opened just off Central Avenue at 27 3rd Street Wand 21 2nd Street W. An older service station on the corner of 1st Avenue NW and 2nd Street was torn down to make way for a newer, full-service auto center. Firestone Tires moved into the Gottfried Fleckenstein Block (303-305 Central) at the end ofthe war. The lure of easy access and

47 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 34. 48 Polk's Faribault and Northfield City Directory, 1948 (Omaha: R. L. Polle & Co., 1948), 16-17. By that time, the city's new tagline was "The City ofLakes, Flowers, and School." 49 "Ochs Department Store Gets Facelift," Faribault Daily News, October 8, 2000. 5°Faribault Daily News, February 19, 2006. First Federal is not included in the district since it has not retained sufficient integrity. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

street parking brought back the one-story commercial building. For example, Dr. Albert Goblirsch, a dentist, built a small office on 2nd Street NW in 1951, moving from his rented space at 319 Central Avenue. Other examples include the Faribault Veterinary Clinic (17 2nd Street NE) and Fanners Insurance (225 1st Avenue NW). The automobile was a mixed blessing, with parking becoming a major issue. Following a traffic survey in 1947 the city installed stop lights on Central Avenue at Second and Fourth Streets. Parking meters ensured that spaces were open for shoppers. Slowly the city began acquiring downtown land for parking lots, first in peripheral areas, such as a lot on central near the librmy in 194 7. The trend continued, as the city demolished older buildings on 1st Avenue E and then on 3rd Street NW and 4th Street NW. This public investment in the central business district suggests the continuing importance ofthe city's downtown. 51 Faribault's banks continued to prosper, and several located in new buildings that were more accessible to automobiles. In 1958 the State Bank ofFaribault purchased the Arlington Hotel on the comer of Central Avenue and 5th StreetN. The bank, organized in 1919, had been located in the old Citizens' Bank building on the comer of 3rd Street and Central Avenue. They tore down the old hotel and erected a one-st01y building in its place, designed by A. Moorman and Co., possibly the leading architectural firm for banks in Minnesota in the first half ofthe twentieth century. Bank president John Carlander opined, "We feel we will offer employment opp01iunities and help bolster the local economy." Within a few years they added drive-up lanes in the rear. Ifthat imposing building served as a public symbol of stability and trustworthiness to its era, the new model was modem architecture and convenience for the automobile. In 1966, nearing the end ofthe period of significance, Security National Bank joined the parade toward mobile banking and opened a new building on the comer of4th Street NW and 1st Avenue NW with a drive-thru teller. Across the street, First Federal Savings and Loan ofAlbert Lea opened a branch, also featuring a drive thru. 52

Transitions Throughout the period of significance, Faribault continued to play an important regional role, ranking as a third-tier trade center in the landmark 1963 study, Trade Centers and Trade ofthe Upper Midwest. However, the federal highway system substantially transformed the local economy. 53 The first major shift was construction of "new" Highway 65, which opened in 1955, roughly one mile west ofthe commercial district. There was considerable anxiety among storeowners that they would lose business when traffic no longer funneled down Central Avenue. The changes, however, were few, with a motel, gas station, and a car dealership opening along the new route. A 1960 Minnesota Department ofTransportation study concluded that, overall, the impact was minimal. "One might reasonably expect that channeling 5,000 cars a day away from the CBD (Central Business District) would cause a temporary drop in overall sales," the report stated. "But no such drop occurred." The study concluded, "Diverting cars out ofthe CBD made shopping conditions more attractive to residents ofthe area." It remained true in 1968, according to state highway department study. "At Faribault, 6,000 cars a day bypass the downtown business area. But the expected drop in overall sales did not occur. The reason for continued good

51 Faribault Weekly Journal, November 13, 1947, July 29, 1948. 52 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then and Now: A Histmy ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 103. 53 John R. Borchert and Russell B. Adams, Trade Centers and Trade Areas ofthe Upper Midwest (Minneapolis: Upper Midwest Economic Study, 1963). NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

business is the fact that the majority ofestablishments in downtown Faribault are not traffic sensitive but are based on local clientele."54 During these years, several businesses prospered in the face of new competition by focusing on market niches. The Burkhartzmeyer Shoe Store opened in 1949 after brothers Alvin, Donald, and Walter Burkhartzmeyer returned home from militaiy service, first at 228 Central Avenue, then, after 1967, at 128 Central. It remains one ofthe largest family owned shoe stores in the Midwest. The Eastmans ran a downtown music store for more than fifty years, beginning in 1960. They sold sheet music and records, while renting instruments to generations of local youth. Tom Eastman recalled the popularity ofthe store in the 1960s, with people "rushing to the store when the latest top rock 'n' roll hit came out to purchase a copy before it sold out. Some, like the Beatles, would sell out a case offifty albums in one day." The store opened at 11 3rd Street NW, moved to 311 Central Avenue in 1965, and ended up at 303-305 CentralAvenue.55 However, the new highway shifted the geographic balance in the local economy. In 1963 Faribo Plaza opened, representing a trend in shopping - a shopping center with eleven stores, "air-conditioned throughout the yeai· and protected from heat, cold and rain and snow." Its two anchor stores were a Red Owl grocery and Tempo, with clothing and general merchandise. The shopping center was one ofthe highways many impacts. City housing patterns also changed, as home construction centered on new subdivisions to the west and south ofthe central business district. Civic leaders recognized that a new approach would be needed to maintain the vibrancy of its downtown. The mayor, Frank Duncan, implored, "Something must be done ifFaribault is to continue to be a leading business center." The city hired the Minneapolis planning film ofNason, Law, Welnman, and Knight in 1960 to assess its future ofthe commercial district. Nationally recognized for their work with Southdale, the country's first indoor mall, the consultants recommended a pioneering attempt to reimagine the downtown in the new era. Central Avenue, between 2nd to 5th Streets, would be turned into a pedestrian-only mall, coupled with expanded parking, landscaping, and construction of a traffic belt around the business district. Anticipating the changes, the city quickly acquired downtown lots for parking, targeted to replace the spaces that would be lost on Central Avenue. A large industrial building on First Avenue NE, originally built by the Shaft-Pierce Shoe Company, was demolished, and two buildings on W. Third Street were acquired and eventually torn down for parking. 56 Because oflegal restrictions on road closings, the city took their case to the state legislature, which, in April 1963, passed a bill allowing the project to move forward. This was the first such legislation in the state. The local enabling ordinance sparked sharp debate. Most property owners approved, and the city government and Chamber of Commerce backed its implementation. However, there was fierce opposition from some quarters, and after considerable public discussion, the project was tabled. 57

54 Dale Gustafson, The Economic Effects ofa Highway Change on Faribault, Minnesota (Minneapolis: Minnesota Highway Research Project, 1960): 1. Also see "Highway Makes Shifts in Faribault," Minneapolis Star, December 24, 1959. 55 "The Burkhartzmeyer Tradition," http://www.burkhartzmeyershoes.com/tradition.html; Faribault Daily News, October 12, 2016; (Fergus Falls) Daily Journal, June 20, 1968. 56 Nason, Law, Wehrman & Knight, City ofFaribault: Comprehensive Plan (Minneapolis, Minn.: Nason, Law, Wehrman & Knight, 1963- 1964); Faribault Daily News, March 27, April 30, May 10, 1963; Minneapolis Star, August 28, 1963. 57 Lester Swanberg, ed. Then andNow: A History ofRice County, Faribault, and Communities, 129; Nason, Law, NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercia'l Historic District National Park Service (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Millllesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page ~

Despite the increased competition, the downtown remained vibrant. The major anchor stores - Ochs, Eastman Music, Jim and Joe's, Montgomery Ward, Mahler Hardware - remained magnets for local shoppers. Payant Drug, Burkhartzmeyer Shoe, and The Leader moved into new, larger, downtown spaces in the 1960s. Security National Bank invested in a new building in 1966, designed by the Minneapolis architectural firm of Hickey and Little. That same year State Bank added to its relatively new home on Central Avenue, also building drive-thru banking lanes to the rear. The U.S. Post Office reaffirmed its commitment to downtown with construction of a major addition in 1965. The imp01iant role of Faribault's downtown extended beyond commerce as citizens gathered each year on Central Avenue for community events and homecoming parades. The turning point came in 1975, when the restricted access bypass ofI-35 opened, offering three exits to Faribault, well to the west of the commercial district. Near one exit, Faribo West, an enclosed mall, opened in 1978. To the north, the first of the "Dales" south of the Twin Cities, Burnsville Center, opened its doors in 1977, pulling shoppers even further away from the downtown retailers. The Faribault Daily News rep01ied on a survey that indicated that "nine out of ten Faribault area adults drive to the metro area to do some shopping," with fo1iy five percent patronizing Burnsville Center. One store owner, Bill Hacker, owner of The Leader store, closed his business in 1979. "The mall was a part of it," he told a rep01ier, "but more than the mall, the competition is Burnsville Center." Robert Eastman, who owned Eastman Music on Central Avenue, agreed, stating, "With the opening ofthe Burnsville Mall, big box stores, and eventually, the Mall ofAmerica, Faribault music customers suddenly had other, easily-accessed options." Ochs Department Store, a Central Avenue anchor, closed its doors in the 1980s. As one writer reminisced, "I've lived in Faribault long enough to remember Ochs. I couldn't afford to shop at this elite business, although my husband rented our wedding tuxedos there in 1982. Not long after that, Ochs closed, about the time high-end department stores began disappearing from Main Street."58 Recognizing that the economy of the central business district would not reve1i to its glory days, the city fmally began implementing pieces of its plan for a downtown mall in 1977. Local ordinances turned Central Avenue into a one-way street (rather than a complete closure) and merchants were encouraged to use storefront canopies over the sidewalks. By 1980 the city had embraced historic preservation as a key to economic development in the downtown, becoming the state's first Local Certified Government. Under its 1980 ordinance the city created a ce1iified local historic district with design review powers. Many buildings, like the Gallagher O'Neil Building, had their facades obscured at the time of the initial historic prope1iy surveys conducted by the Minnesota Historical Society, and are now rehabilitated. In recent years, the old Paramount Theater has been transformed into a multi-purpose aii center with an exhibition gallery, classrooms, and retail space. 59

Wehrman, and Knight, The City ofFaribault, Comprehensive Plan (Minneapolis: Nason, Law, Wehman, & Knight, 1963). 58 Winona Daily News, April 3, 1979; Faribault Daily News, October 12, 2016; Audrey Kletscher Helbring, Minnesota Prairie Roots, http://mnprairieroots.com/2012/02/03/an-historic-fashion-find-in-faribault/. Interviews with two downtown businessmen, Karl Vohs and Gaiy Lazarz, confirmed this assessment. 59 Ninth Federal Bank Communications, 8 (1977), 138, noted in 1977 that Verna Ochs was spearheading a "renewed business district" to "compete with the new Burnsville Mall." Ochs, who died m1989, was a member ofthe Rice County Historical Society and a charter member of the Faribault Heritage Preservation Commission. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Criterion C: Architecture In the original nomination, the Faribault Commercial Historic District was eligible under Criterion C. The district was "significant as a remarkably well-preserved concentration of late nineteenth century commercial buildings located in a regionally important center oftrade and commerce. All of the buildings in the District were constructed between 1870 and 1900 and provide a visible link to Faribault's period of greatest commercial development and economic independence." The expanded district adds several additional properties under this context. To be considered eligible under Criterion C, the resource must date from the period of significance for architecture, 1865-1898, and retain sufficient integrity to represent its original architectural features. 60 Between the Civil War and the end ofthe century, most commercial buildings in Faribault followed common design principles - two or three stories with a storefront with display windows, sign band, upper fa9ade, and then a raised cornice. The commercial building, as a form, almost always fits on its entire lot and is built to the sidewalk. The buildings are no more than three stories in height. Within the expanded district, all buildings - except one - are masonry (stone, concrete block, or brick) due to fire limits implemented in the late nineteenth century. Faribault's first generation of commercial buildings were primarily of frame, false-front, one-story buildings. These buildings were predominantly constructed on Central Avenue, then known as Main Street. (See Figure #3) Some ofthe earliest buildings within the district were constructed of materials from the city's nearby limestone qumTies. The first three opened in the mid-1850s, owned separately by Alexander Faribault, Charles Wood, and M. N. Pond. This resource, combined with the institutional growth ofthe state institutions and Episcopal diocese, attracted master craftsman to the city. Stonemasons William Jones, Edward Goodman, Thomas and C01mack McCall all first came to Faribault to work on large stone contracts. Within the expanded district, there are four stone buildings, including the Heinrich Block (114-116 Central Avenue), the Batchelder Block (120 Central Avenue), the Weyer Wagon Shop (32 2nd Street NE), and the Godfrey Fleckenstein Block (301-305 Central Avenue). Security National Bank, on the comer ofW. 3rd Street and Central Avenue, was originally a stone building erected for the Theobald Mercantile Company, although its exterior was dramatically altered in 1913.61 After the Civil War, spurred by a major fire in 1878, the m·chitectural styles began to change when false fronts were replaced with one to three-story Italianate style buildings. Ofthe complete set of 104 resources (inclusive ofthe original district), fifty-two were built before 1891. Most show elements of the Italianate style, but, as architectural historian David Gebhard wrote in his description of Faribault's commercial buildings, "Much of the commercial architectu,re of the 1870s and 1880s resists the historian's passion for precise pigeonholing."62

60 Britta Bloomberg, "Faribault Historic Commercial District," March 2, 1982, National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, available at Minnesota State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), Minnesota Historical Society (MHS), St. Paul, Minn. 61 Thomas R. Zahn, "Thomas and Rose McCall House," National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, December 7, 1988. Available at State Historic Preservation Office, Minnesota Historical Society, St. Paul. The Batchelder Block and the Weyer-Beiter Wagon Shop are individually listed in the National Register. 62 David Gebhard, Guide to the Architecture ofMinnesota (Minneapolis, Minn.: University ofMinnesota Press, 1978), 272. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park SeNice (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Minnesota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page _21_

The Italianate style first appeared in Britain in the early 1800s. It became popular throughout England, and by 1840, Alexander Jackson Davis popularized the style in America with his book, Rural Residences (1837), also collaborating with his partner, Andrew Jackson Downing, on Cottage Residences (1842). In the United States, the style greatly influenced residential architecture, and elements found their way into commercial architecture as well. These include low-pitched hipped roofs, projecting eaves, prominent cornices, window hoods, window or door openings incorporating full or segmented arches, tall windows, and plate glass. 63 The Italianate style predominated in the years when Faribault was growing as a commercial center. The boundmy ofthe original historic district focused properties on Central Avenue between 2nd and 3rd Streets, with its "pivotal" resources (using a term in the NRHP Registration Form) chosen from some ofthe city's best preserved Italianate buildings. These included the Lieb Block (202-04 Central, 1882), the Case Block (206 Central, 1875), the Union Block (208-212 Central, 1883), Citizens' Bank (216-18, 1878), the Hill Block (217 Central, 1874), and the Post Block (219 Central, 1875).64 Even today this is an impressive block, with four three story buildings on the west side of Central Avenue, and two on the east side. Built within a few years' span, the harmony of storefronts, upper wall fenestration, and raised cornices create an appealing visual rhythm to the street. (See Figure #4) Construction along 3rd Street NW was more or less contemporm1eous with the building boom on Central Avenue, triggered by a devastating fire in 1878. The J.M. Nelson Building (13 3rd Street NW) and the Clement McKinstry Building (11 3rd Street NW) are two-st01y brick blocks built in 1878. They retain a transom above the storefront windows, three symmetrically windows with Italianate hoods on the second floor, and a raised masomy storefront cornice. Development on the north side of 3rd Street NW included Healy's Store (30 3rd Street NW). The Faribault Democrat reported, "The stone and brick work has been let to Robert O'Brien and Herny Peltier."65 Nearby is the McCmthy Block (24 3rd Street NW), a stiiking two-st01y brick commercial block that served as an advertisement for Timothy McCmthy's granite and marble company. Erected in 1884, the building's facade is rendered in the Italianate sty le with features that include a highly ornate bracketed cornice and flattened arch windows with elaborate enfrmnements. This building is individually listed on the National Register but placing it within the context ofthe surrounding commercial district enriches our understanding. As the 200 block on Central Avenue filled, construction quickly jumped n01th to the 300 block. Most were two-story brick buildings with shops on the street level and offices or rooms on the second. Two stores (315 and 317 Central Avenue) was built in 1874 for Gordon Cole, a prominent lawyer and civic leader. The Alonzo Renslow Building (309 Central Avenue) was built in 1883. It is a two-st01y brick commercial building, showing influences of the Italianate style with its elaborate hooded windows. The most striking prope1ty is the Mueller Block (316 Central Avenue) was built in 1873 for Lewis Mueller, a dry goods merchant. With a two-lot width, the arcaded street level is its most distinguishing character, with seven bays divided by metal columns with

63 Rachel Carley, The Visual Dictionmy ofAmerican Domestic Architecture (New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1994), 143-145. 64 Britta Bloomberg, "Faribault Historic Commercial District," National Register of Historic Places Registration Form, 1982. That nomination references the Wolf Building, but that was a later owner. It is changed in this nomination to Citizens' National Bank (I), its original use. 65 Faribault Democrat, April 18, 1879, May 16, 1883; Rice County (Minn.) County Auditor, Tax Lists, Minnesota Historical Society. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property National Register of Historic Places Rice County, Mim1esota County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number _8_ Page -12._

Corinthian capitals, a cei1tral entry door, and multiple plate glass windows. The wall terminates with an elaborate raised metal cornice. Two large buildings dominated these blocks (300) -the Faribault Opera House, built in 1894, and Theobald Mercantile, a two-story stone building on the prominent northwest corner of 3rd Street and Central Avenue. The former burned in 1928, while the latter was dramatically changed in 1914 under the ownership of Security National Bank. (See Figures #5, 6, 7) A few merchants erected buildings just north of4th Street. Partners Stegner and Von Wald purchased the lot on the corner of Central and 4th Street in 1883 and proceeded to "erect upon it a brick store building which will be 22 x 80 feet, and two stories in height. Cream colored brick will be used for the walls." It opened as a grocery and dry goods store. Next door Henry Kester, a harness maker, erected a building (403 Central Avenue) in 1883. This two-story brick commercial building uses a buff, almost yellow, colored brick. The cornice shows pattern brickwork and corbeling. 66 A few shops opened on the streets off Central Avenue. These were modest commercial buildings that nonetheless provide good examples ofvernacular Italianate architecture. The Herter Tailor Shop (18 2nd Street NE) was built around 1880 for William Heine. This property includes the original two-story brick commercial building and a one-story addition, built in 1950. The older portion, on the east, uses a red brick. Italianate details include a shallow bracketed wood cornice divides the street level from the upper wall and a simply ornamented brick cornice. DeForest A. Skinner opened a creamery at 14 2nd Street NW. The building was "ideally equipped to handle his extensive and ever-growing trade in the retailing ofmilk and cream, butter and ice-cream-which he manufactures, and apples, eggs and dairy produce. Mr. Skinner also has comfortable apartments in the same structure, occupied by himself and family as residence."67 During the 1880s and 1890s, the Italianate style began to lose its favor. Its successor style - the Romanesque Revival - was advanced by Boston architect Henry Hobson Richardson, who strongly influenced a generation of architects. Its defining characteristics were round arches over windows and/or entryways, thick masonry walls, rounded towers with conical roofs, and asymmetrical facades. In the Midwest, it was a popular choice for public buildings in the later nineteenth century, and elements ofthe style were frequently incorporated into commercial properties. Two buildings were erected at the tum ofthe 20th century using this style. Citizens' National Bank (229 Central Avenue) is a two-story commercial block built in 1894. (See Figure #10) It suggests the influence ofthe Richardsonian Romanesque style with its use of deep-red brick and heavy stone sills, lintels, and a rusticated water table. At the time of its opening, the Faribault Pilot noted the full-arched corner entry and the use of Duluth sandstone and Menominee brick. Local contractor Cormac McCall completed the stonework. Faribault City Hall (208 1st Avenue NW) was originally a two-story red brick structure, completed in 1896. The architect, Harry Wild Jones, had worked as a draftsman for Herny Hobson Richardson. Jones opened his own firm in Minneapolis in 1885 and concentrated primarily on commercial buildings and residential homes. The exterior uses St. Louis hydraulic pressed brick, stands on a raised basement ofrusticated red sandstone. OlofHanson, the nation's first deaf architect, also contributed a fine example ofthe Romanesque style. In 1894 Hanson, "a first-class architect," as a local newspaper called him, opened an office in Faribault. Hanson

66 Faribault Republican, May 30, 1883. 67 Franklyn Curtiss-Wedge, ed., History ofRice and Steele Counties, Minnesota, I, 520. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

made a significant impact on his adopted city, designing six commercial buildings and numerous residences. He designed a new fac;ade for the Degen Building (20 3rd Street NW), in which he had his office. Other buildings within the district include the Mathieu Block (14 3rd Street NW), the Kaul Block (201 Central Avenue), the Lang Milline1y (126 Central Avenue), and Louis Syverson's building on Central Avenue (326 Central Avenue). (See Figures #8 and 9)68

Conclusion For more than 150 years, Faribault's downtown has been the historic heart ofthe community. It is a retail and municipal center, a locus for civic meeting and events, a place for informal gatherings, and a transportation hub. In a community with skilled artisans and builders, Faribault's downtown is a significant representation of nineteenth-century commercial architecture in an urban business district in a smaller Minnesota city. The commercial center's architecture is not encased in a single period or style but reflects a changing local economy. The district, as represented in its well-preserved buildings, shows a downtown that remained vibrant over the years. Indeed, the continuing strength of the downtown encouraged change, with new buildings and "improvements" reflecting business people's response to altered commercial realities. Today, the city's commercial center retains an important economic role in the region. History has come to play a key part, with heritage tourism drawing thousands of visitors to Faribault each year.

68 See Thomas R. Zahn, "Architecture ofO!ofHanson, 1895-1901," National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property Documentation Form, 1990. Zahn included only residential properties in this nomination, determining that "unfortunately all of his commercial blocks have experienced unsympathetic modifications through time." Although altered, the Kaul Block was included in the original commercial district based on the recognition that storefronts are subject to changes. Three additional properties are included in the expanded district. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundary incr. & add doc) Name of Property Rice County, Minnesota National Register of Historic Places County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number Additional Documentation Page 1

Map 1: District map with expanded boundaries

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Map 3: District boundaries NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Map 4: District boundaries NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Map 5: City of Faribault and district location (see previous maps four boundaries) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure I: Central Avenue, 200 block, looking north from 2nd Street, ca. 1912 The 200 block is the core of the 1981 historic district. All buildings in the original district remain standing. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park SeNice (boundaiy incr. & add doc) Name of Property Rice County, Minnesota National Register of Historic Places County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number Additional Documentation Page 7

Figure 2: Central Avenue, 300 block, looking south from 4th Street, ca. 1905 This is part of the expanded district. Except for the Faribault Opera House (with the elaborate cornice on the left), all buildings are still standing. The Opera House burned in 1929 and was replaced by the Paramount Theater. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 3: John Kaiser Boot and Shoe, 314 Central Avenue, looking west from Central Avenue, ca. 1880 This is a common form for commercial buildings, with street level windows, storefront cornice, symmetrically placed windows on the second floor with elaborate hoods, and a raised cornice. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service (boundaiy incr. & add doc) Name of Property Rice County, Minnesota National Register of Historic Places County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number Additional Documentation Page 9

Figure 4: Mueller Block, 316-318 Central Avenue, looking west from Central Avenue, ca. 1880 This property was restored in recent years as is locally known as the Bachrach Block. (Minnesota Historical Society)

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--- NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 5: Weinfeld Brothers Clothing Store, 14-16 3rd St. W, looking north. This is a drawing of the building completed by architect Olof Hanson. (Papers of OlofHanson, 1862-1948, Gallaudet University Archives) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 6: Degen's Store, 14-16 3rd St. W, looking north .. Architect Olaf Hanson, who had an office on the second floor, designed a new fac;ade. (Papers of Olaf Hanson, 1862-1948, Gallaudet University Archives) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park SeNice (boundmy incr. & add doc) Name of Property Rice County, Minnesota National Register of Historic Places County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number Additional Documentation Page 12

Figure 7: Clements Block, 128 Central Avenue, looking southwest, 1911 (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 8: Gallagher-O'Neil Building, 414 Central Avenue, looking northwest, 1909 By 1910, with all the 200 and 300 lots filled, local developers began to look to the 400 block. Some proclaimed the striking Gallagher-O'Neil Building, longtime home of Ochs Department Store (white), as the "Making of Modem Faribault" while others wondered if it was being built too far from the commercial district. The two large buildings north (right) of Ochs were tom down in 1959 to make way for the new State Bank of Faribault. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 9: Central Avenue, looking south near 5th Street, ca. 1920 Development continued to look north, with several buildings appearing on the 500 block, including the O'Neil Building (504 Central Ave.) on the right. For many years, it was home to Montgomery Wards, illustrating the growing impact of national chains like Penney's and Woolworth's. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 10: Central Avenue, 1940 The view is looking northeast from the comer of 3rd Street and Central A venue. The view is ofthe east side of the 300 and 400 blocks. Downtown Faribault was the hub of community activities. NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 11: Harvey Hotel (Hotel Faribault), 429 Central Avenue, looking east, ca. 1930 The growing north end of the commercial district gained a prominent anchor in 1930 when the Harvey Hotel (soon renamed the Hotel Faribault) opened with retail space on the ground floor. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 12: Faribault Daily News, 514 Central Avenue, ca. 1951 The 1940s and 1950s saw a new style of architecture within the commercial district, especially on the fringes. In 1951 the Faribault Daily News combined two older buildings into a single office, with a sleek stone paneled front. (Minnesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

United States Department of the Interior Faribault Commercial Historic District National Park Service _QJoundaiy incr. & add doc) Name of Property Rice County, Minnesota National Register of Historic Places County and State Continuation Sheet Name of multiple listing (if applicable) Section number Additional Documentation Page 18

Figure 13: Aerial View, ca. 1964 The view is looking northwest and encompasses most ofthe district at the end ofthe period of significance. (Mi1mesota Historical Society) NPS Form 10-900-a (Rev. 8/2002) 0MB No. 1024-0018

Figure 14: West side, 300 block, Central Avenue, 1981. In 1977 the city began to implement a plan to revitalize Central Avenue. It was turned into a one-way street, enhanced with curbing and plantings. Store owners were encouraged to install canopies over the sidewalks. F:trdh:i:n:nh(:n:rmn,:•:rdd l'Iii:i:tork !Di,i:t:dd_Jli:)(}I 20 1st St. NE, Hotel Brunswick Annex, camera facing northeast Faribault Commercial Historic District_0002 east side 100 block, Central Ave., camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0003 117 Central Ave., Northern States Power Building, west elevation, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0004 127-129 Central Ave., Elks Hall, west elevation, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_000S street view, west side 100 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0006 Heinrich Building, 114-116 Central Ave., east elevation, camera facing west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0007 Batchelder's Block, 120 Central Ave., east elevation, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0008 street view, 2nd St. NE, south elevations, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0009 street view, 2nd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_00 10 Village Theater, 20 2nd St NE, south elevation, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_00ll street view, Central Ave. 200 block, west elevations, camera facing southeast. 'Faribault Commercial Historic District_0012 street view, Central Ave. 200 block, west elevations, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0013 street view, Central Ave. 200 block, east elevations, camera facing northwest. Fadbault Commercial Historic District_0014 Central Ave., 200 block, east elevations, camera facing southwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_00lS street view, south side of 3rd St. NW, north elevations, camera facing west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0016 street view, north side of 3rd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing east. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0017 street view, north side of 3rd St. NW, south elevations, camera facing west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0018 Chase State Bank, 101 3rd St NW, west elevation, camera facing west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0019 Voegel's Creamery, 2111st Ave. NW, west elevation camera facing east. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0020 208 1st Ave. NW, City Hall, south elevation, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0021 street view, west side of 300 block 1st Ave. NW, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0022 street view, north side of 3rd St. NE, camera facing east. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0023 26 3rd St NE, U.S. Post Office, south elevation (right), view to northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0024 Hill Furniture Factory, 31 3rd St NE, east elevation on left, view to southwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0025 street view, east side 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0026 Fleckenstein Block, 301-305 Central Ave., east elevation, view to west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0027 Paramount Theatre, 321-323 Central Ave., west elevation, camera facing east. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0028 Security Bank, 302 Central Ave., camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0029 Mueller block, 30 Central Ave., west elevation, camera facing west. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0030 street view of 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing southwest. !t1strrriic street view of 300 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0032 Cosgrove Block, 328 Central Ave., camera facing southwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0033 E. M. Leach and Sons Lumber Company, 16 4th St. NW, south elevation on right, view to northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0034 street view of west side of 400 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0035 street view of west side of 400 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing southwest. Farmers and Merchants Bank, 402 Central Ave, south elevation on left, camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0037 Ochs Department Store, east elevation, 414 Central Ave., camera facing northwest. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0038 street view of east side of 400 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing northeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0039 street view ofeast side of 400 block, Central Ave., west elevations, camera facing southeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0040 Harvey Hotel, 420 Central Ave, north elevation on left, camera facing southeast. Faribault Commercial Historic District_0041 street view of west side of 500 block, Central Ave., east elevations, camera facing northwest. ]?:,tti:lr,,ttdt(lrn!:xmi~:rchtl HR5,ttJ;Fiic])Jl:,tlFlct_G(i,,Jll Central Clinic, left, and Faribault Daily News, 512 and 514 Central Ave., camera facing west.