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Liam Ó Rinn (1886-1943): Scribhneoir Cathrach Agus Criticeoir Larchoilineach Máire Daltúin Phd Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Atha

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Liam Ó Rinn (1886-1943): Scribhneoir Cathrach Agus Criticeoir Larchoilineach Máire Daltúin Phd Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Atha Liam Ó Rinn (1886-1943): Scribhneoir Cathrach agus Criticeoir larchoilineach Máire Daltúin PhD Ollscoil Chathair Bhaile Atha Cliath Coláiste Phádraig, Droim Conrach Stiúrthóir: An tOIlamh Máirín Nie Eoin Roinn na Gaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig, Droim Conrach Scrúdaitheoir Seachtrach: An Dr. Aisling Ni Dhonnchadha Roinn na Nua-Ghaeilge, Ollscoil na hEireann,r Má Nuad Iúil 2013 Deimhnim leis seo gur liom fein amhäin an t-äbhar ina dhiaidh seo ata ä chur isteach agam le go measfar e de reir riachtanais dämhachtana na ceime PhD agus go bhfuil gach iarracht reasünach deanta agam a chinntiü gur saothar bunaidh e nach säraionn aon dli cöipchirt ar feadh m’eolais agus när baineadh as saothar daoine eile ach sa mheid go bhfuil a leitheid de shaothar luaite agus aitheanta taobh istigh de theacs mo shaothair fein. Siniü:__________ H a i^ g IDaLtuirt___________ Uimh. Aitheantais an Iarrthöra:_ Data: ANCLAR ACHOIMRE 4 BUiOCHAS 5 NODA 6 REAMHRA 7 CAIBIDLi 1. Beatha Ui Rinn 16 2. An Saol Polaitiochta 32 3. Saothru na Gaeilge 68 4. Dhä Leabhar ar Leith 106 5. An Leirmheastöir agus Cürsai Leirmheastöireachta 139 6. An tAistritheoir agus Cürsai Aistriüchäin 181 7. An Scribhneoir agus Scribhneoireacht na Cathrach 217 OIDHREACHT UI RINN 247 LIOSTA SAOTHAR A CEADAiODH 254 AGUISiN: CLÄRSAOTHAR [Imleabhar ar leith] ACHOIMRE Liam Ó Rinn (1886-1943): Scríbhneoir Cathrach agus Criticeoir Iarchoilíneach le Máire Daltúin Liam Ó Rinn (1886-1943), a thuiscintí ar an teanga Ghaeilge, a chuid tuairimíochta i dtaobh léann na Gaeilge agus an corpas fairsing scríbhneoireachta a shaothraigh sé i rith a shaoil, is bunábhar don taighde seo. Fear a bhí ann a mhair sa tréimhse sin in Éirinn ina raibh athruithe mora ag tarlú, ni hamháin maidir le neamhspleáchas polaitiúil na tíre, ach ó thaobh cúrsaí cultúrtha agus teanga de chomh maith. Bhí sé sáite i ngluaiseacht na hAthbheochana agus d’oibrigh sé go fonnmhar, go díograiseach, agus go leanúnach ar son na Gaeilge ar feadh a shaoil. Smaointeoir nua- aoiseach a bhí ann, a raibh sé mar chúram air an teanga a fhorbairt agus a chothú mar theanga bheo chumarsáide. Dá bhrí sin, bhí Liam O Rinn claonta i dtreo gnéithe úra na teanga a chur chun cinn, agus rinne sé iarrachtaí talamh nua a bhriseadh i gcúrsaí stíle agus seánra. Duine de na criticeoirí ba luaithe a rinne léirmheastóireacht ar litríocht na hAthbheochana agus ar litríocht na Gaeilge i gcoitinne a bhí ann agus ar an ábhar sin pléitear an ghné seo dá shaothar sa tráchtas. Bhí Ó Rinn sáite i saol na cathrach agus bhí tuairimí láidre aige maidir le tábhacht na cathrach ó thaobh shaothrú na Gaeilge de. Bhí tuiscint ghéar aige ar thábhacht an aistriúcháin agus a ról i bhforbairt na nualitríochta. Chomh maith leis sin, ba scríbhneoir cruthaitheach é Liam O Rinn agus tá cáil bainte amach aige go mórmhór mar gheall ar na saothair nuálacha Tu rus go Páras (1931), an chéad leabhar taistil a scríobhadh san fhichiú haois sa Ghaeilge, agus Mo Chara Stiofán (1939), saothar neamhghnách machnaimh agus beathaisnéise. Is í an bhunchloch a bhfuil an tráchtas seo bunaithe uirthi ná Clár Saothair Uí Rinn, liosta iomlán dá chuid scríbhinní, idir leabhair agus aistí iriseoireachta. Tá an pié sna caibidlí bunaithe ar na bunscríbhinní seo, agus an Clár Saothair féin curtha ar fáil i bhfoirm Aguisín ar chúl an tráchtais. Tá aitheantas faighte ag O Rinn mar dhuine de na nua-aoiseoirí i bhforbairt litríocht na Gaeilge sa tréimhse i ndiaidh bhunú an stáit. Féachann an tráchtas seo le mionscagadh a dhéanamh ar a shaothair d’fhonn a thábhacht mar chriticeoir agus mar scríbhneoir a mheas agus a chur i gcomhthéacs a linne. 4 BUÍOCHAS Gabhaim buíochas le gach éinne a chabhraigh liom an saothar seo a chur i gcrích. Táim faoi chomaoin ag gach duine a chuidigh liom sna leabharlanna éagsúla: An Leabharlann Náisiúnta, An Chartlann Náisiúnta, Leabharlann OÉ Gaillimh, Leabharlann Coláiste na hOllscoile Baile Átha Cliath, agus Leabharlann Coláiste na Tríonóide. Gabhaim fíor-bhuíochas le foireann na leabharlainne i gColáiste Phádraig agus go mórmhór le Ben Staunton a chuidigh liom go fial, foighneach. Táim buíoch de mo thuismitheoirí a spreag an grá ionam don Ghaeilge agus a thug gach tacaíocht dom in aon chúram a ghlac mé orm féin ó thaobh na teanga de. Táim buíoch de Philip O’Leary chomh maith a chuir mé ar an aistear seo le Liam Ó Rinn an chéad lá riamh. Ar deireadh thiar, gabhaim buíochas ó chroí le Roinn na Gaeilge i gColáiste Phádraig agus go mórmhór leis an Ollamh Máirín Nic Eoin a stiúraigh an obair seo agus a thug comhairle dom ina slí spreagúil, aonair féin. Ba mhór an phribhléid dom bheith ag obair faoina treoir. Chothaigh sí an misneach ionam i gcónaí agus mhéadaigh a cuma fhuinniúil, bhríomhar, dhíograiseach ar an aoibhneas a bhain mé féin as an obair - rud nach ndéanfaidh mé dearmad air choíche. 5 NODA CBDD Cad ba Dhóbair dó agus Sgeulta Eile DP Dánta Próis MCS Mo Chara Stiofán PP Peann agus Pár SS So Súd TGP Turus go Páras 6 Reamhra Cen fath Liam O Rinn? Ta suil agam go mbeidh freagra na ceiste sin intuigthe sa trachtas seo a chuir me romham a chur i gcrich, mar is eard a bhi mar chuspoir agam a dheanamh nuair a thosaigh me ar shaothar an fhir seo a chioradh na a chorpas oibre fairsing, ilchinealach a thabhairt chun solais, ionas go mbeadh tuiscint ar fail don phobal mar gheall ar thabhacht Ui Rinn mar dhuine d’athbheochanoiri mora na Gaeilge. Nil aon amhras na gur tugadh aitheantas do cheana fein mar fhear a raibh tionchar aige ar theanga agus ar litriocht na Gaeilge mar o am go cheile o re na hAthbheochana ar aghaidh rinne daoine eagsula tracht ar Liam O Rinn de bharr a chuid iarrachtai ar son na Gaeilge. Ina mease bhi Piaras Beaslai, Risteard O Glaisne, Philip O’Leary, Padraig O Siadhail, Gearoid Denvir, Aisling Ni Dhonnchadha, Diarmuid Breatnach agus Maire Ni Mhurchu. Ta se suntasach gur cuireadh speis ina chuid oibre ni hamhain le linn na mblianta ina raibh se fein ag scriobh ach gur tagraiodh agus go dtagraitear do o am go cheile o shin i leith chomh maith. Mar shampla, i leirmheas a scriobhadh sa bhliain 1939 mar gheall ar an leabhar Mo Chara Stiofan is eard a duirt eagarthoir an nuachtain The Leader na: For the student or the native speaker who intends to write it will be absolutely indispensible as indeed it will also be for all University professors of Irish and all interested in scholarship in relation to modem Irish. Whether the book has a wide circulation or only a small enthusiastic circulation we prophesy that it will have a great influence on Irish literature in the future. (The Leader, 8 Aibrean 1939) Bhi daoine fos ag caint mar gheall air sa bhliain 1986 nuair a thug Risteard O Glaisne leacht ina onoir mar chuid d’imeachtai Scoil Gheimhridh Mherriman. Tugann Philip O’Leary an-aitheantas do ina leabhair thaighde ar phros-scribhneoireacht na hAthbheochana agus an tSaorstait (O’Leary: 1994/2004). Mar sin de, is fear e seo a bhfuil tabhacht ar leith ag baint leis maidir lena ghniomhaiochtai teanga ach fos nach 7 bhfuil a ainm ar bheola an ghnáthdhuine mar atá ainm Bhéaslaí, de híde nó Ui Chonaire. Fear é seo a thosaigh ag scríobh chomh fada siar le 1912 agus a lean air ag obair go dùthrachtach, dicheallach go dti go bhfuair sá bàs sa bhliain 1943. Scriobh sé léirmheasanna agus ailt nuachtáin, mar aon le bunsaothair a foilsiodh mar leabhair agus aistriúcháin. Is éard a chuir mé romham a dhéanamh mar sin de ná an corpas oibre seo go léir a shaothraigh sé a bhailiú agus a scrúdú chun blaiseadh éigin dà chuid inniúlachta agus dà chuid tuairimíochta i dtaobh cúrsaí teanga, litrìochta agus cultúir a nochtadh. Caithfear a admháil gurbh é saothar Philip O’Leary ba mhó a chabhraigh liom agus aghaidh á tabhairt agam ar an oilithreacht taighde seo. Rinne sé go leor tagairti do Liam Ó Rinn, agus litríocht na Gaeilge sa chéad leath den fhichiú haois á scrúdú aige. An chéad rud a bhí mar chuspóir agam ná clár saothair de scribhneoireacht Ui Rinn a chur le chéile mar fhoinse tagartha, chun cabhrú liom rangù a dhéanamh ar an méid a bhí scríofa aige. Taobh amuigh dà shaothair bhunaidh agus de na haistriúcháin, is iad na hailt a scnobh sé i nuachtáin an ama is mó a bhí mar chúram agam agus an clár seo idir lámha agam. Is é an leagan amach a rinne mé ar na hailt sin ná iad a chatagóiriù go téamúil: (a) An Ghaeilge agus an Chritic Cultúrtha - Saothrú na Gaeilge; Ealaín na Scríbhneoireachta; an Sean agus an Nua; Canúintí, Litriú, Foghraíocht; an Ghaeilge agus na hÚdaráis; an Gúm agus an Chlódóireacht; Conradh na Gaeilge; (b) Léirmheasanna; (c) Aistriúcháin ar fhilíocht, scéalta srl; (d) An Pholaitíocht; (e) Fealsúnacht, Eolaíocht, An Eaglais, Creideamh; (f) Teangacha; (g) Cúrsaí Taistil; (h) Ceist na Cathrach; (i) Comhphlé agus Comhfhreagras; (j) Ábhair Ilghnéitheacha Eile; (k) agus Nuacht an Lae. Agus an méid sin déanta, bhí mé in ann pié a dhéanamh ar a raibh scríofa aige ar na téamaí éagsúla sin. (Agus sleachta athfhriotail á dtabhairt agam ó na foinsí tagartha seo, chloígh mé go docht leis an bponcaíocht agus leis an litriú mar a bhí siad i mbunleaganacha na nuachtán ach amháin gur leasaigh mé an litriú in áit nó dhó nuair nach raibh bri abairte soiléir.) Ba ‘intleachtach orgánach’ i dtéarmaí Antonio Gramsci é Liam Ó Rinn. Agus an coincheap á mhíniú ag Gramsci leagann sé béim ar an ngaol idir an machnamh agus an gníomh: 8 The thinking and organising element of a particular fundamental social class.
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