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Guiding Somali Clients About Type 2 Diabetes

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Guiding Somali Clients About Type 2 Diabetes Guiding Somali clients about type 2 diabetes Using DVD as a Tool Ismail, Marian 2011 Laurea Otaniemi Laurea University of Applied Sciences Laurea Otaniemi Guiding Somali Clients about Type 2 Diabetes Using DVD as a tool Ismail Marian Master of Health Thesis November, 2011 Laurea University of Applied Science Abstract Laurea Otaniemi Master Degree in Health Care Marian Ismail Guiding Somali Clients about Type 2 Diabetes Using DVD as a tool Year 2011 Pages 46 Immigration to Finland has increased. In 2008, a total of 28 100 persons immigrated to Fin- land, which is the largest number since 1917. Finland has become more international, and the number of immigrant from different cultures has grown. Health care professionals meet pa- tients from different cultures more frequently in their work. Somalis are the fourth biggest immigrant group in Finland. In 2010 Somali living in Finland were 12985. Purpose of this study is to produce a DVD guide about type 2 diabetes for Somali clients in their own language. The aim of the DVD guide is to give knowledge-based information about type 2 diabetes for Somali clients. The Aim is also to make the DVD guide simple and practical taking into account the needs of the target group. The theoretical framework includes Somali Client, Diabetes Care and Guidance as a research material and its meaning is to be the base of the material that is used in planning the DVD guide. There is no previous action research master thesis made on this subject. Action research thesis combines the theory, reporting and the practical implementation. The theoretical framework includes in addition to Diabetes care, theory about action research and making of DVD guide that gives information that is obtained from the literature review. A meeting was held with group of professionals that consist of diabetic nurses, public health nurse, nutritionist and sport direct when planning the DVD guide. When the content of the DVD was agreed and the transcript was written, shooting and editing the DVD fallowed. The DVD guide was evaluated by diabetic nurse and public health nurse and data was collected using thematic interview and analysed using content analysis. According to the professionals evaluation DVD guide is important tool in giving information about type diabetes. The DVD guide was clear and simple the pictured used gave more em- phasize on the matter. The professionals expressed that language barrier is one of the chal- lenging when giving guidance to immigrant client and that they will benefit from this kind of DVD guide that is done in their own mother tongue. Diet and exercise play a big role in treatment of type 2 diabetes yet the professional´s felt that most of their immigrant clients were lucking information on both. The DVD guide gave information about different types of exercise that are available and healthy food alternatives in the supermarket. Keywords: Somali client, Diabetes care, Guidance and DVD guide Laurea-Ammattikorkeakoulu Tiivistelmä Laurea Otaniemi Terveyden edistäminen, Ylempi AMK Marian Ismail 2 tyypin diabeteksen DVD-ohjaus Somali asiakkaille Vuosi 2011 Sivumäärä 46 Maahanmuutto on lisääntynyt Suomessa. Vuonna 2008 n.28100 maahanmuuttajia asuivat Suo- messa, joka on suurin luku 1917 jälkeen. Kansainvälistymisen myötä eri kulttuureista tulevien maahanmuuttajien määrä terveyspalvelujen käyttäjinä on lisääntynyt, joten hoitotyöntekijät kohtaavat ammatissaan entistä useammin myös monikulttuurisia potilaita. Somalialaiset ovat neljänneksi suurin maahanmuuttajaryhmä Suomessa, vuonna 2010 Somali taustasta asui Suo- messa 12985. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on tuottaa 2 tyypin diabeteksen DVD-ohjaus Somali asiakkaille heidän omalle äidinkielelle. Tavoitteena on antaa ohjausta joka perustuu tutkittuun tietoon 2 tyypin diabeteksesta Somali asiakkaille. Tarkoituksena on tehdä DVD-ohjauksesta yksinker- tainen ja käytännöllistä ottaen huomioon kohderyhmän tarpeet. Kirjallinen osuus käsitteli Somali asiakkaana, Diabetes hoito ja Ohjaus joka toimi pohjana kun suunnitteli DVD:n sisältö. Aiheesta ei ole aikaisempi tehty toiminnallista opinnäytetyötä. Toiminnallinen opinnäytetyö yhdistää teorian, raportoinnin ja käytännön toteutuksen. Käy- tännön toteuttaminen alkoi tapaamisen järjestäminen ryhmä ammattilaisille joka koostui diabetes hoitaja, terveydenhoitaja, ravitsemusterapeutti ja liikunta-ohjaaja. Kun DVD sisällön oli suunniteltu ja käsikirjoitus oli valmista, alkoivat DVD.n kuvaukset ja editointi prosessi. DVD-ohjaus arvioiminen on osallistunut diabetes hoitaja ja terveydenhoitaja joita on haastel- tu teemahaastattelu metodein. Aineiston analyysin on käytetty laadullista sisällönanalyysiä. Hoitajien arvioinnissa ilmeni että tälläinen DVD ohjaus on tarpellinen kun antaa tietoa 2 tyy- pin diabeteksesta. DVD ohjaus on tehty niin että se on helppoa seurata ja ymmärtää ja käyte- tyt kuvat tarkensivat asioita. DVD ohjaus on tehty asiakkaiden omalle äidinkielellä mikä hyö- dyntää kovasti kohderyhmää, sillä yksi ohjauksen haastavinta on kielimuuri. Liikunta ja ruoal- la on suuri merkitys 2 diabeteksen hoidossa ja hoitajien mielestä monet heidän asiakkailtaan puutuivat tietoa näistä asioista. DVD ohjaus antoi tietoa erillaisista liikunta muodoista ja ter- veellisestä ruat supermarketissa. Asiasanat: Somali asiakkaana, Diabetes hoito, Ohjaus ja DVD-ohjaus Content 1 Introduction ...............................................................................................7 2 Somalian clients ..........................................................................................8 3 Diabetes care ........................................................................................... 10 4 Guidance ................................................................................................. 12 5 The purpose and research question ................................................................. 14 6 Research Method ....................................................................................... 14 6.1 Action research ................................................................................... 14 6.2 Participant in this study ......................................................................... 17 6.2.1 Planning the content of the DVD ......................................................... 17 6.2.2 Shooting and editing the DVD ............................................................. 19 6.3 Data collection .................................................................................... 20 6.4 Data analysis ....................................................................................... 21 7 Findings of dvd evaluation ............................................................................ 23 7.1 Evaluation of content information ............................................................. 23 7.1.1 Evaluation content of medication ........................................................ 24 7.1.2 Evaluation content of fallow-up .......................................................... 24 7.2 Evaluation content of exercise ................................................................. 25 7.2.1 Maintenance of moderate weight ........................................................ 25 7.2.2 Mental and physical health ................................................................ 26 7.3 Evaluation content of healthy Food ........................................................... 27 7.3.1 Language barrier ............................................................................ 27 7.3.2 Lack of knowledge of healthy food ...................................................... 27 7.3.3 Variety of food available ................................................................... 29 7.4 Evaluation content of cooking healthy food ................................................. 30 7.4.1 Recipe of the food .......................................................................... 30 7.4.2 Food portion.................................................................................. 30 8 Discussion ................................................................................................ 32 8.1 Ethical consideration ............................................................................. 32 8.2 Trustworthiness ................................................................................... 33 8.3 Discussion of the findings ....................................................................... 34 8.4 Future challenges ................................................................................. 35 References .................................................................................................... 36 Appendixes .................................................................................................... 40 Appendix 1 Application for permission ................................................................ 40 Appendix 2 Information letter .......................................................................... 41 Appendix 3 Informed consent ........................................................................... 42 Appendix 4. Manuscript .................................................................................. 43 1 Introduction Diabetes is growing problem across the nation and the world. The number of people with diabetes is increasing due to population growth, aging, urbanization, and increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated the global burden of diabetes at 135 million
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