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Field Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem Functions
United States Department of Field Guide to Agriculture Common Macrofungi Forest Service in Eastern Forests Northern Research Station and Their Ecosystem General Technical Report NRS-79 Functions Michael E. Ostry Neil A. Anderson Joseph G. O’Brien Cover Photos Front: Morel, Morchella esculenta. Photo by Neil A. Anderson, University of Minnesota. Back: Bear’s Head Tooth, Hericium coralloides. Photo by Michael E. Ostry, U.S. Forest Service. The Authors MICHAEL E. OSTRY, research plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN NEIL A. ANDERSON, professor emeritus, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN JOSEPH G. O’BRIEN, plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, St. Paul, MN Manuscript received for publication 23 April 2010 Published by: For additional copies: U.S. FOREST SERVICE U.S. Forest Service 11 CAMPUS BLVD SUITE 200 Publications Distribution NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 19073 359 Main Road Delaware, OH 43015-8640 April 2011 Fax: (740)368-0152 Visit our homepage at: http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ CONTENTS Introduction: About this Guide 1 Mushroom Basics 2 Aspen-Birch Ecosystem Mycorrhizal On the ground associated with tree roots Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria 8 Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera 9 The Omnipresent Laccaria Laccaria bicolor 10 Aspen Bolete Leccinum aurantiacum, L. insigne 11 Birch Bolete Leccinum scabrum 12 Saprophytic Litter and Wood Decay On wood Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus populinus (P. ostreatus) 13 Artist’s Conk Ganoderma applanatum -
Toxic Fungi of Western North America
Toxic Fungi of Western North America by Thomas J. Duffy, MD Published by MykoWeb (www.mykoweb.com) March, 2008 (Web) August, 2008 (PDF) 2 Toxic Fungi of Western North America Copyright © 2008 by Thomas J. Duffy & Michael G. Wood Toxic Fungi of Western North America 3 Contents Introductory Material ........................................................................................... 7 Dedication ............................................................................................................... 7 Preface .................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 7 An Introduction to Mushrooms & Mushroom Poisoning .............................. 9 Introduction and collection of specimens .............................................................. 9 General overview of mushroom poisonings ......................................................... 10 Ecology and general anatomy of fungi ................................................................ 11 Description and habitat of Amanita phalloides and Amanita ocreata .............. 14 History of Amanita ocreata and Amanita phalloides in the West ..................... 18 The classical history of Amanita phalloides and related species ....................... 20 Mushroom poisoning case registry ...................................................................... 21 “Look-Alike” mushrooms ..................................................................................... -
How to Distinguish Amanita Smithiana from Matsutake and Catathelasma Species
VOLUME 57: 1 JANUARY-FEBRUARY 2017 www.namyco.org How to Distinguish Amanita smithiana from Matsutake and Catathelasma species By Michael W. Beug: Chair, NAMA Toxicology Committee A recent rash of mushroom poisonings involving liver failure in Oregon prompted Michael Beug to issue the following photos and information on distinguishing the differences between the toxic Amanita smithiana and edible Matsutake and Catathelasma. Distinguishing the choice edible Amanita smithiana Amanita smithiana Matsutake (Tricholoma magnivelare) from the highly poisonous Amanita smithiana is best done by laying the stipe (stem) of the mushroom in the palm of your hand and then squeezing down on the stipe with your thumb, applying as much pressure as you can. Amanita smithiana is very firm but if you squeeze hard, the stipe will shatter. Matsutake The stipe of the Matsutake is much denser and will not shatter (unless it is riddled with insect larvae and is no longer in good edible condition). There are other important differences. The flesh of Matsutake peels or shreds like string cheese. Also, the stipe of the Matsutake is widest near the gills Matsutake and tapers gradually to a point while the stipe of Amanita smithiana tends to be bulbous and is usually widest right at ground level. The partial veil and ring of a Matsutake is membranous while the partial veil and ring of Amanita smithiana is powdery and readily flocculates into small pieces (often disappearing entirely). For most people the difference in odor is very distinctive. Most collections of Amanita smithiana have a bleach-like odor while Matsutake has a distinctive smell of old gym socks and cinnamon redhots (however, not all people can distinguish the odors). -
New Species of Amanita Subgen. Lepidella from Guyana
VOLUME 3 JUNE 2019 Fungal Systematics and Evolution PAGES 1–12 doi.org/10.3114/fuse.2019.03.01 New species of Amanita subgen. Lepidella from Guyana K.S. Mighell1, T.W. Henkel1*, R.A. Koch2, A. Goss1, M.C. Aime2 1Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA 95521, USA 2Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA *Corresponding author: [email protected] Key words: Abstract: New species of Amanita subgen. Lepidella are described from Guyana. Amanita cyanochlorinosma sp. ectomycorrhizal fungi nov., Amanita fulvoalba sp. nov., and Amanita guyanensis sp. nov. represent the latest additions to the growing Guiana Shield body of newly described ectomycorrhizal fungi native to Dicymbe-dominated tropical rainforests. Macro- and monodominant forests micromorphological characters, habitat, and DNA sequence data for the ITS, nrLSU, rpb2, and ef1-α are provided Neotropics for each taxon, and b-tubulin for most. Distinctive morphological features warrant the recognition of the three new new taxa species and a molecular phylogenetic analysis of taxa acrossAmanita subgen. Lepidella corroborates their infrageneric systematics placements. taxonomy Effectively published online: 28 November 2018. INTRODUCTION from the tropics (Thongbai et al. 2016). Tropical Amanita species frequently occur in spatially restricted mono- or co-dominant Amanita (Amanitaceae, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) is a stands of ECM host trees, and thus appear to have smaller Editor-in-Chief monophyleticProf. dr P.W. Crous, Westerdijk mushroom Fungal Biodiversity genus Institute, with P.O. cosmopolitan Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, distribution The Netherlands. geographic ranges. They can, however, be a major component E-mail: [email protected] (Drehmel et al. -
Piney Falls State Natural Area
Piney Falls State Natural Area Place cursor over cells with red By Cumberland Mycological Society, Crossville, TN triangles to view pictures click on underlined species for web links to details about those species and/or comments Inventory List: Common Name (if applicable) Jul-12 Aug-13 Aug-14 Edibilty Notes* Agaricus silvicola none x edible (with extreme caution) Amanita abrupta "Abrupt-bulbed Lepidella" x unknown and possibly poisonous Amanita banningiana "Mary Banning's Slender Caesar" x no information Amanita bisporigera = A. virosa sensu auct. amer. (Ref. RET) "Destroying Angel" x deadly poisonous! Amanita brunnescens “Cleft foot-Amanita” x possibly poisonous Amanita canescens "Golden Threads Lepidella" x Amanita farinosa "Powdery-cap Amanita" x x unknown; not recommended Amanita flavoconia “Yellow Patches" x possibly poisonous Amanita parcivolvata "Ringless False Fly Agaric" x likely poisonous Ampulloclitocybe clavipes syn. Clitocybe clavipes “Club-footed Clitocybe” x(?) not edible -toxic w/ alcohol Artomyces pyxidatus syn. Clavicorona pyxidata, syn. Clavaria pyxidata "Crown-tipped Coral" x x edible -may be toxic in large amts. Aureoboletus auriporus syn. Boletus auriporus syn. Boletus viridiflavus "Gold-pored Bolete" x edible Auricularia auricula-judae syn. A. auricula "Wood Ear," "Jelly Ear," "Tree Ear" x edible and medicinal Bisporella citrina syn. Helotium citrinum, syn. Calycella citrina "Yellow Fairy Cups" x unknown Boletus fairchildianus syn. Boletus rubricitrinus var. fairchildianus none x(?) unknown Boletus floridanus syn. Boletus frostii subsp. floridanus none x edible, but acidic taste Boletus frostii syn. B. alveolatus "Frost's Bolete" x edible Boletus innixus syn. B. caespitosus, syn. Austroboletus innixus "Clustered Brown Bolete" x edible Boletus longicurvipes none x x(?) edible Boletus pallidus "Pale Bolete" x edible Boletus roodyi none x unknown Bothia castanella syn. -
Biodiversity and Distribution of Wild Mushrooms in the Southern Region of Bangladesh
Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology 9(1): 1-25, 2016; Article no.JABB.27711 ISSN: 2394-1081 SCIENCEDOMAIN international www.sciencedomain.org Biodiversity and Distribution of wild Mushrooms in the Southern Region of Bangladesh S. N. Rashid1, F. M. Aminuzzaman1*, M. R. Islam1, M. Rahaman1 and M. I. Rumainul1 1Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Authors SNR and FMA designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Authors MRI and MR managed the analyses of the study. Author MIR managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JABB/2016/27711 Editor(s): (1) Bruna Maria Roesler, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Reviewers: (1) Anonymous, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. (2) Bankole Paul Olusegun, The Federal Polytechnic, Ogun State, Nigeria. Complete Peer review History: http://www.sciencedomain.org/review-history/16003 Received 15th June 2016 Accepted 9th August 2016 Original Research Article Published 1st September 2016 ABSTRACT A survey was conducted to study the biodiversity as well as the distribution of wild mushrooms, which naturally grow, in different localities, at different seasons, in the southern region of Bangladesh. A total 24 species of mushrooms belonging to 17 genera and 14 families were identified. Those mushrooms were collected between July and October, 2013 and 2014, accordingly from 16 sub-districts of Barisal, Patuakhali, Borguna, Pirojpur, Jhalokhathi districts, which situated in the southern region of Bangladesh. -
An Inventory of Fungal Diversity in Ohio Research Thesis Presented In
An Inventory of Fungal Diversity in Ohio Research Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with research distinction in the undergraduate colleges of The Ohio State University by Django Grootmyers The Ohio State University April 2021 1 ABSTRACT Fungi are a large and diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that play important roles in nutrient cycling in ecosystems worldwide. Fungi are poorly documented compared to plants in Ohio despite 197 years of collecting activity, and an attempt to compile all the species of fungi known from Ohio has not been completed since 1894. This paper compiles the species of fungi currently known from Ohio based on vouchered fungal collections available in digitized form at the Mycology Collections Portal (MyCoPortal) and other online collections databases and new collections by the author. All groups of fungi are treated, including lichens and microfungi. 69,795 total records of Ohio fungi were processed, resulting in a list of 4,865 total species-level taxa. 250 of these taxa are newly reported from Ohio in this work. 229 of the taxa known from Ohio are species that were originally described from Ohio. A number of potentially novel fungal species were discovered over the course of this study and will be described in future publications. The insights gained from this work will be useful in facilitating future research on Ohio fungi, developing more comprehensive and modern guides to Ohio fungi, and beginning to investigate the possibility of fungal conservation in Ohio. INTRODUCTION Fungi are a large and very diverse group of organisms that play a variety of vital roles in natural and agricultural ecosystems: as decomposers (Lindahl, Taylor and Finlay 2002), mycorrhizal partners of plant species (Van Der Heijden et al. -
2020 Oklahoma Native Plant Record
58 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 20, December 2020 SOME COMMON AMANITA SPECIES OF OKLAHOMA Clark L. Ovrebo Department of Biology University of Central Oklahoma Edmond, OK 73034 [email protected] Jay Justice 16055 Michelle Drive Alexander, AR 72002 ABSTRACT Brief descriptions and photos are presented for twenty species of the mushroom genus Amanita that are common to Oklahoma. The descriptions and illustrations introduce mushroom morphology and terminology for Amanitas that are important for their identification. Short diagnoses are also presented for each of the seven sections of Amanita. The species are arranged according to their placement in each section. One species, A. persicina, has not yet been reported for Oklahoma but we include it with the speculation that it is present in the pine forests of eastern Oklahoma. Key words: Agaricomycetes, Amanitaceae, mushrooms, biodiversity INTRODUCTION present. The geographical “hot spot” that has the greatest diversity of Amanitas in Amanita is a charismatic genus because North America, and perhaps the entire of its reputation for having some of the world, is the Southeastern/Gulf Coast deadliest poisonous species, because of the regions of the United States. We cannot lore associated with several species, and estimate for sure how many species occur in because of their artistic beauty. Amanitas Oklahoma but it could be as many as one rank among the most photographed or hundred. painted of all wild mushrooms. Illustrations In this article, we report on and illustrate of Amanitas are frequently featured on tea some of the frequently encountered towels, coffee cups and many other kitchen Amanitas in Oklahoma. -
Amanita Subgenus Amanita
GSMNP ATBI Amanita subgenus Amanita Amanita Pers. Amanita section Amanita (Amanitaceae) Amanita section Vaginatae Amanita subgenus Lepidella Key to Sections Section List Amanita section Lepidella Bibliography Amanita section Amidella Back to Top Amanita section Phalloideae Amanita section Validae Amanita of GSMNP - 1 Key to Sections of the Genus Amanita GSMNP T.b.w. ATBI Amanita Pers. (Amanitaceae) Key to Sections Section List Bibliography Back to Top Amanita of GSMNP - 2 Taxa of Amanita section Amanita in Park GSMNP ATBI Amanita agglutinata (B. & C. in B.) Lloyd (t.b.w.) Amanita farinosa Schw. Amanita frostiana (Peck) Sacc. Amanita Amanita gemmata sensu Jenkins (t.b.w.) section Amanita monticulosa (B. & C.) Sacc. (t.b.w.) Amanita Amanita multisquamosa Peck Amanita muscaria (L.:Fr.) Pers. var. persicina Jenkins (t.b.w.) Key to Amanita (section) Amanita parcivolvata (Peck) E. J. Gilb. List of Amanita (section) Key to Sections Amanita pubescens sensu Coker (t.b.w.) Section List Amanita roseitincta (Murr.) Murr. Bibliography Amanita velatipes Atk. Back to Top Amanita wellsii (Murr.) Sacc. (t.b.w.) Amanita sp. S1 sect. Amanita - 1 Key to Amanita section Amanita in the Park GSMNP T.b.w. ATBI Amanita section Amanita Key to Amanita (section) List of Amanita (section) Key to Sections Section List Bibliography Back to Top sect. Amanita - 2 Amanita farinosa Schw. GSMNP BRIEF DESCRIPTION: T.b.w. ATBI Amanita section Amanita Key to Amanita (section) List of Amanita (section) Key to Sections Section List Bibliography Back to Top A. farinosa - 1 Amanita frostiana (Peck) Sacc. GSMNP BRIEF DESCRIPTION: T.b.w. ATBI Amanita section Amanita Key to Amanita (section) List of Amanita (section) Key to Sections Section List Bibliography Back to Top A. -
2020 Oklahoma Native Plant Record
ISSN 1536-7738 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society Volume 20, December 2020 1 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society P. O. Box 14274 Tulsa, Oklahoma 74159-1274 Volume 20, December 2020 ISSN 1536-7738 http://ojs.library.okstate.edu/osu/ Editor: Gloria Caddell Production Editor: Sandy Graue Electronic Production Editor: Sandy Graue Manuscript Editor: Chad King Technical Advisor: Erica Corbett The purpose of ONPS is to encourage the study, protection, propagation, appreciation, and use of the native plants of Oklahoma. Membership in ONPS is open to any person who supports the aims of the Society. ONPS offers individual, student, family, and life memberships. Officers and Board Members President: Bill Farris Committee Chairs: Vice-President: Donna Horton Historian: Fran Stallings Secretary: Connie Murray Publicity/Merchandise: Barbara Klein Treasurer: Mary Korthase Betty Kemm Award: Sue Amstutz Past President: Bruce Smith Awards: Constance Murray Directors at Large: Membership Database: Sandy Graue Kathy Doss Membership Database Ed.: Tina Julich Jim Elder Mailings/Printings: Sandy Graue Ray Luth Gaillardia Editor: Lynn Michael Joe Roberts Color Oklahoma: Alicia Nelson Janet Thomas Webmaster: Adam Ryburn Rahmona Thompson Web Editors: Joe Roberts, Sandy Graue Chapter Chairs: http://www.oknativeplants.org Central: Patrick Bell Cross Timbers: Elaine Lynch Northeast: Teresa Blue Mycology: Nancy Hamill Articles (c) The Authors Journal compilation (c) Oklahoma Native Plant Society Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly attributed, not used for commercial purposes, and, if transformed, the resulting work is redistributed under the same or similar license to this one. -
Pickett State Park Species List
Pickett State Park Species List By Cumberland Mycological Society, Crossville, TN Click underlined x's for photo links click on underlined species for web links to details about those species Inventory List: Common Name (if applicable) Jul-09 Jul-10 Sep-10 Aug-11 Sep-11 Aug-12 Sep-13 Edibility Notes* Agaricus pocillator none x unknown -possibly poisonous Albatrellus confluens none x x x x edible, but sometimes bitter Albatrellus cristatus syn. Polyporus cristatus “Crested Polypore” x inedible or unknown Amanita abrupta "Abrubt-bulbed Lepidella" x unknown and possibly poisonous Amanita amerifulva [often called 'Amanita fulva' -a European species] “Tawny Grisette” x x x x edible -with extreme caution!! Amanita amerirubescens "Blusher" x x edible -with extreme caution!! Amanita atkinsoniana "Atkinson's Lepidella" x x possibly poisonous Amanita banningiana "Mary Banning's Slender Caesar" x Amanita bisporigera = A. virosa sensu auct. amer. (Ref. RET) "Destroying Angel" x x deadly poisonous! Amanita brunnescens “Cleft foot-Amanita” x x x x x possibly poisonous Amanita citrina sensu auct. amer. "Citron Amanita," "False Death Cap" x x x possibly poisonous Amanita cokeri "Coker's Amanita" x possibly poisonous Amanita farinosa "Powdery-cap Amanita" x x x unknown; not recommended Amanita flavoconia “Yellow Patches" x x x x possibly poisonous Amanita levistriata "Mississippi Lemon Amanita" Amanita muscaria var. flaviovolvata syn. A. muscaria subsp. flavivolvata "Fly Agaric" x poisonous Amanita sp N-50 none x(?) no information -best avoided Amanita polypyramis "Plateful of Pyramids Lepidella" x poisonous Amanita spreta "Hated Amanita" x x x unknown Amanita subcokeri Tulloss nom. prov. = Amanita species M5 "False Coker's Lepidella" x x inedible or unknown Amanita vaginata sensu lato "Grisette" x best avoided Ampulloclitocybe clavipes syn. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.273,100 B2 Hallen-Adams Et Al
US009273 100B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.273,100 B2 Hallen-Adams et al. (45) Date of Patent: Mar. 1, 2016 (54) USE OF GALERINA MARGINATA GENES AND “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229, Final Office Action mailed Feb. 28, PROTEINS FOR PEPTIDE PRODUCTION 2013', 7 pgs. “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Final Office Action mailed Apr. 4. 2012”, 8 pgs. (75) Inventors: Heather E. Hallen-Adams, Lincoln, NE “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Non Final Office Action mailed Jul 16, (US); John S. Scott-Craig, East 2012', 9 pgs. Lansing, MI (US); Jonathan D. Walton, “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Non Final Office Action mailed Jul 22, East Lansing, MI (US); Hong Luo, 2011”, 13 pgs. Lansing, MI (US) “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Non Final Office Action mailed Dec. 21, 2010”, 13 pgs. (73) Assignee: Board of Trustees of Michigan State “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Preliminary Amendment filed Jun. 10, University, East Lansing, MI (US) 2009, 16 pgs. “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229, Response filed May 24, 2013 to Final Office Action mailed Feb. 28, 2013”, 6 pgs. (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Response filed May 27, 2011 to Supple patent is extended or adjusted under 35 mental Non-Final Office Action mailed Dec. 27, 2010”, 31 pgs. U.S.C. 154(b) by 105 days. “U.S. Appl. No. 12/268,229. Response filed Jun. 4, 2012 to Final Office Action mailed Apr.