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Introduction Introduction cOthh; cyfj;jhh;f;F Mzpm/jhw;whJ vOthiu vy;yhk; nghWj;J. (Fws; 104: 1032) “Agriculturists are the linch-pin of the world for they support all other workers who cannot till the soil..” Saint Thiruvalluvar in his big role in reducing rural seminal work Thirukkural poverty in the State over devoted an entire chapter the years and considering to highlight the this, many new initiatives importance of agriculture have been introduced by to society and to this day the State to improve the its role dominates the growth and performance of State’s economy. agriculture. Agriculture in Tamil Nadu Tamil Nadu strives to continues as the largest move along the decade of source of livelihood. Over transformation to meet the two-thirds of the rural Agenda 2030 to become households are dependent free from abject poverty, on agriculture, and about hunger and under- 93 per cent of them are nutrition – the foremost of small and marginal. the Sustainable Agriculture also played a Development Goals - Season and Crop Report 2019-20 1 SDG1 and SDG2. The Agricultural Infrastructure State in order to meet Development Programme Agenda 2030,especially under Rashtriya Krishi SDGs 1, 2, and 13 Vikas Yojana(RKVY) and (climate smart agriculture) District and State has adopted a Irrigation Plan under transformational vision Prime Minister Krishi and action to overcome Sinchayee Yojana(PMKSY) the emerging unfavorable etc. The recent initiatives situations by application helped in drawing of the best practices in implementable action the application of plans, convergence of science, technology, and efforts and focus the innovations. challenge constraints in a better food and income security tactical and strategic level. of the population. The pathways linking Several measures have household nutritional been initiated to increase security by addressing the income of farmers and livelihood security with a also to provide “Food clear focus on agricultural Security”especially in production leading to food planning to prepare road security has made this maps through “Tamil sector a critical sector. Nadu Vision 2023”, Food The pandemic COVID Grain Mission, District 19 related lockdown and Agricultural Plan, State resultant economic Agricultural Plan and slowdown highlighted the Season and Crop Report 2019-20 2 problems of food, nutrition the State has been in the and livelihood security promotion of nutrition- confronting a large sensitive agri-food system number of rural people, that goes beyond staple particularly migrants to grains productivity and the cities. Although the placing emphasis on the harvesting operations were consumption of micro delayed by almost two nutrient-rich non-staple weeks, it was completed grains, vegetables through more or less smoothly due a variety of market and to the reverse migration non-market interventions. of labourers, cooperation The macro level availability among farmers and along with household their families with and individual level the Government nodal determinants of improved officials coordinating covid nutrition have also been infection control in almost considered with the food all the regions across the system approach looking State. to encompass all The Government activities involved in the encouraged and production, distribution incentivized investments and consumption of food. in key logistics, Ensuring that the entire e-commerce and delivery value chain addresses all companies and start-ups the components of the food with suitable policies and system in a holistic policy incentives. The focus of framework with the aim to Season and Crop Report 2019-20 3 enhance the diversity, developments in the quality and safety in a way agricultural sector wherein that is more accessible the SDGs have been and inclusive to all people emphasized coupled with at all times was the complementary judicious guiding principle in monitoring and evaluated dealing with the pandemic implementation pathways. situation. Overall, besides undertaken by the analyzing the trends and government and industry challenges, the current to sustain and enhance publication reiterates the the growth of the sector. Season and Crop Report 2019-20 4 Executive Summary Tamil Nadu is located in SummaryThe climate in the State is the South-Eastern part of mainly tropical and the Peninsular India, with a temperature ranges geographical area of 130 between 18°C and 43°C. lakh ha. and is the Tenth The State has been divided largest State in India. It is into Seven Agro-climatic the second largest subzones for planning Economy and the most agricultural development. urbanised state in the Semi-arid conditions country. dominate the climate in three sub-regions viz., Tamil Nadu occupies 4% of North, North-East coastal India’s total geographical and South-East coastal. area but possesses only The delta and central 3% of water resources. The regions mainly have semi- State has a coastal line of arid to dry sub-humid 1076 kms. climate. Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) Constant Prices stood at At Constant prices Rs.13,12,929 crores, (2011-12) whereas the Gross State The Gross State Domestic Value Added (GSVA) on Product (GSDP) of Tamil crop sector alone at Nadu for 2019-20(A.E) at Season and Crop Report 2019-20 5 Constant Prices stood at Prices stood at about Rs.51,076 crores. Rs.18,45,853 crores while At Current Prices the GSVA on crop sector (2019-20) (A.E) at Current Prices stood at The GSDP at Current Rs.1,03,949 crores. Year S. Particulars 2018-19 2019-20 No. 2017-18 (Q.E) (A.E) Gross State Domestic Product (Rs. In Crores) At Current 1465050 1630208 1845853 1 Prices At Constant 1125793 1215307 1312929 (2011-12) Prices Gross State Value Added of Crop Sector (Rs. in Crores) At Current 77208 83312 103949 2 Prices At Constant 44935 47542 51076 (2011-12) Prices Percentage Share of crop sector GVA to total GSVA (in %) At Current 3 5.80 5.61 6.19 Prices At Constant 4.43 4.36 4.35 (2011-12) Prices Q.E: Quick Estimate, A.E: Advance Estimate Season and Crop Report 2019-20 6 Gross State Domestic Product (Rs. in Crores) 120000 103,949 2018- 19(Q.E) 100000 83,312 80000 51,076 60000 47,542 40000 20000 0 Current Prices Constant Prices Gross State Value Added of Crop Sector (Rs. in crores) 120000 103,949 2018- 19(Q.E) 100000 83,312 80000 51,076 47,542 60000 40000 20000 0 Current Prices Constant Prices Season and Crop Report 2019-20 7 1. Rainfall and Seasonal Conditions The Bi-monsoon patterns annual rainfall and South- dominate rainfall in the West monsoon contributes sub-agro-climatic zone of 42.37% of the annual Tamil Nadu. On being rainfall during 2019-20. situated on the eastern Nearly one half of the total side of the Western Ghats, districts experienced more most parts of Tamil Nadu rainfall in Tamil Nadu miss a substantial part of when compared to the dependable rainfall in the normal rainfall of the South-West monsoon. respective districts. The During the year under rainfall was highest in The report the Actual Rainfall Nilgiris district(2145.9mm) recorded at 985.8mm as and lowest in Karur against the Normal District (522.7mm). The Rainfall of 977.9mm which Actual Season-wise shows an increase of 0.8%. contribution of rainfall to The North-East monsoon the total rainfall recorded contributed 48.53% of the during the year 2019-20 is given below. The Quantum of Rainfall may be classified as follows. Excess : 20% and above Normal : -19.9% to +19.9% Deficient : -20% to -59.9% Scanty : -60% to -99.9% No Rain : -100% Season and Crop Report 2019-20 8 (in mm) % Seasonal Sl. Actual Normal Variation Season Contribution No Rainfall Rainfall to Normal (%) Rainfall South-west 417.7 345.4 42.37 20.9 1. Monsoon North-East 478.4 477.6 48.53 0.2 2. Monsoon 3. Winter 11.6 29.8 1.18 -60.9 Hot- 78.1 125.1 7.92 -37.6 4. Weather Total 985.8 977.9 100.0 0.8 Season-wise Average Rainfall (in mm) 700 600 696 500 478 430 429 421 418 400 352 306 296 293 266 300 241 174 200 149 78 124 117 49 11 18 42 100 12 5 3 0 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 South-West Monsoon North-East Monsoon Winter Season Hot-weather Season Season and Crop Report 2019-20 9 Month-wise Average Rainfall (Normal and Actual) Month-wise Average Rainfall 280 240 Actual 200 Normal 160 120 Rainfall in mm Rainfall 80 40 0 20 Jul/19 Jan/20 Jun/19 Oct/19 Apr/ Sep/19 Feb/20 Dec/19 Aug/19 Nov/19 Mar/20 May/20 Monthwise Rainfall Hot Weather Season North East Monsoon (March to May) (October to December) State experienced 37.6% less Rainfall The Nilgiris, Tirunelveli, Thootukudi, than Normal. Coimbatore, Pudukottai, Ramnad, Chennai, Coimbatore, Perambalur and Sivagangai, Erode and Nagapattinam Sivagangai received more Rainfall districts received more Rainfall than during this season Normal. 0.2 % increase witnessed compareed to Normal in the State South West Monsoon Winter Season (June to September) (Jan & Feb) State experienced 20.9% more Rainfall Chennai, Kancheepuram, than Normal. Tiruvannamalai, Theni,Virudhunagar, Chengalpattu and Tiruvallur districts Tirunelveli, Ariyalur & Sivagangai received more Rainfall than Normal. districts received 50% more rainfall State received 60.9% less than than normal Normal Season and Crop Report 2019-20 10 2. Agro Climatic Regions of Tamil Nadu Based on Rainfall (ii) North Western Zone: distribution, Irrigation This zone comprises of pattern,Soil characteristics Dharmapuri district Cropping pattern and (excluding hilly areas), other Physical, Ecological Salem, Namakkal District and Social characteristics, (excluding Tiruchengode Tamil Nadu State is Taluk) and Krishnagiri classified into seven districts.
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