Chapter - Iv Profile of the Study Area

Home , Kalathur, Kottur block, Nannilam block, Papanasam, Pattukkottai Taluk, Peravurani

CHAPTER - IV PROFILE OF THE STUDY AREA

THANJAVUR DISTRICT PROFILE The study area chosen for the research is Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur district is bounded on the north east by Nagapattinam district, north be Tiruchirappalli, Perabalur and Cuddalore districts, east by Thiruvarur district, south-east by Palk strait, west by Pudukkottai and north-west by Tiruchirappalli district.

Geocode North Latitude 10o 08’ to 11o 12’ East longitude 78o 48’ to 79o 38’

Agro Ecological Region : Region 8 : Semi-arid ecosystem (90%) – Eastern ghats, Tamil Nadu uplands – hot semiarid ecosystem with a crop growing period of 90 to 120 days.

Region 18 : Coastal ecosystem (10%) – Eastern coastal plain hot sub – humid to semi-arid ecoregion and with a crop growing period of 90 to 210 days.

Agroclimatic zone : Sub zone IV – Cauvery delta zone.

Table 4.1 Taluks and Panchayat Unions

S.No Taluks Panchayat Unions

1. Thanjavur Thanjavur & Budalur (Part)

2. Thiruvaiyaru Thiruvaiyaru & Budalur (Part)

3. Orathanadu Orathanadu & Thiruvonam

4. Kumbakonam Kumbakonam & Thiruvidaimarudhur (Part) 5. Thiruvidaimarudhur Thiruvidaimarudhur (Part) & Thirupanandal 6. Papanasam Papanasam & Ammapettai

7. Pattukkottai Pattukkottai, Peravurani (part) Madukkur

8. Peravurani Peravurani (part) & Sethubavachatram

Roads and Railways Thanjavur districts is well connected with a net work of roads and railways. The total length of the road in the district is 2014 km with concrete, black topped, metal and non metaled roads. The important roads are as follows. State highways Tiruchirapalli to Nagapattinam road via Thanjavur Thanjavur to Thiruvaiyaru and Thanjavur to Pudukkottai.

The major district roads connect Thanjavur with all taluk headquarters.

The district is served by both metre and broad gauge railways (Southern Railways) to a total length of 151km having 27 railways stations with one junction viz., Thanjavur.

Geology The geological formation of the Thanjavur district is made up of Cretaceous, Tertiary and Alluvial deposits and the major area is occupied by the Alluvial and Tertiary deposits.

The Cretaceous formations occur as a small patch west and south – west of Vallam. These formations have a very thick lateritic cap, consisting of impure lime stones and sand stones of silt, clay calcareous and argillaceous variety. In the coast, these formations are overlain by Cuddalore sand stone of Tertiary age.

The Cuddalore sand stone of Tertiary age are well developed as best seen west of Grand Anaicut Canal and near Orathanadu. These sand stones are covered by a thin layer of wind blown sandy clays, unconsolidated sand, clay bound sands and mottled clays with the lignite seams. This tertiary formation is invariably capped by laterite.

In the east, the alluvial deposits of the river Cauvery and its tributaries lie over the Tertiary sand stone. They consist of sands, gravelly sands, clays and sandy clays. The thickness of these formations ranges from 30m to 400m.

Physiography Thanjavur district is essentially a deltaic terrain with occasional residual hills ranging in elevation between 25 and 45 meters in the western part popularly known as the Vallam table land. It is sloping gently towards the east.

Using available thematic maps dealing with geology, physiography and geomorphology and study of literature and agroclimatic region, first level physiographic division namely P – Coastal plain was established for this district.

The second and third level subdivision are accomplished considering regional physiography that expresses the integrated effect of geology, terrain and environmental condition.

P Coastal Plain Pe East Coast Plain Pec Tamil Nadu East Coast Pain

Further subdivision are made on the basis of differences in local conditions such as landscape elements together with image characteristics pertaining to tone, texture, colour, etc.

Pec 1 Marine Land Form 1226 & 1227 – Sandy Plain 145 - Swamp and marshy Pec 2 Riverine land form 21, 22, 223, 24 – Deltaic plain

Pec 3 Laterite land form 312 – Laterite outcrops 325&326–undulating to gently sloping 333 & 335 – Gently sloping 356 & 361 – Valley / Low land.

River Basins – Watersheds Four important tributaries of river Cauvery are flowing through this district substantially benefiting the agricultural activity. The Cauvery and Vennar basins are called as lod deltaic basin while the Grand Anaicut canal basin is referred to as New Deltaic basin.

Table 4.2 River Basins – Watersheds River basins Taluks 1. Cauvery Thiruvaiyaru, Papanasam, Kumbakonam and Thiruvidaimarudhur 2. Vennar Thanjavur & Papanasam 3. Grand Anaicut canal Thanjavur, Orathabnadu, Pattukkottai and Peravurani

Rainfall – Distribution The distribution pattern of rainfall in the different taluks of Thanjavur district over a period of 70 years (1927 – 2009) is furnished in table.

Table 4.3 Rainfall – Distribution Mean Seasonal rainfall annual S.W. N.E. S.No. Taluks Winter Summer rainfall Monsoon Monsoon (mm) mm % mm % mm % mm % 1. Thanjavur 945 3334 35 510 54 11 1 90 10 2. Thiruvaiyaru 936 285 31 562 61 11 1 67 7 3. Papanasam 1090 281 25 681 63 21 2 107 10 4. Kumbakonam 1173 289 25 788 67 30 3 66 5 5. Thiruvidaimarudhur 1175 241 21 830 70 43 4 61 5 6. Pattukkottai 1025 275 26 663 65 20 2 67 7 7. Peravurani 1006 242 24 685 68 11 1 68 7 8. Orathanadu 1263 233 18 753 60 25 2 252 20

Temperature The atmospheric temperature data recorded over a period of 70 years (1927 – 2009) was computed and the mean maximum and the mean minimum temperatures were arrived at and presented in the form of a graph. From the graph, it is seen that the hot months are April, May and June with the maximum temperature ranging from 35 to 36OC and the cool months being November, December and January with the minimum temperature ranging from 23 to 24OC. the atmospheric temperature was used for the calculation of the soil temperature by deducting 5OC. The soil temperature will give an idea about the soil moisture.

Soil Moisture Regime : USTIC USTIC Moisture reglime : The Ustic (L. Ustus – burnt, implying dryness) moisture regime is one that is limited but is present at a time when conditions are suitable for plant growth. The soil is dry in some or all parts for 90 or more cumulative days per year. But, the moisture control section is moist in some part either for more than 180 cumulative days per year or for 90 or more consecutive days. In tropical and subtropical regions, the moisture regime is USTIC if there is atleast one rainy season of three moths or more.

Table 4.4 Temperature Temperature (OC) Sl.No. Months Maximum Minimum Mean 1. January 29 23 26.0 2. February 31 24 27.5 3. March 33 25 29.0 4. April 35 26 30.5 5. May 36 27 31.5 6. June 35 26 30.5 7. July 34 26 30.0 8. August 34 25 29.5 9. September 34 25 29.5 10. October 32 25 28.5 11. November 30 24 27.0 12. December 29 23 26.0

Ombrothermic Data The mean monthly rainfall and temperature of Thanjavur district over a period of 82 years (1927-2009) are furnished in the form of an Ombrothermic diagram.

Table 4.5 Ombrothermic Data Sl.No. Months Maximum Minimum 1. January 45 26 2. February 17 28 3. March 15 29 4. April 35 31 5. May 53 32 6. June 35 31 7. July 50 30 8. August 101 30 9. September 110 30 10. October 199 29 11. November 288 27 12. December 164 26

Season (mm) Winter (January & February) = 62 Summer (March & May) = 103 South West Monsoon (June to September) = 296 North East Monsoon (October to December) = 651 Total = 1112

Temperature Regime Mean annual temperature is above 22oC and the difference between the mean summer (April, May, June) and the mean winter (November, December, January) temperature is less than 5oC, thus falling under “ISOHYPERTHERMIC” soil temperature regime.

The Ombrothermic diagram reveals the wet and dry period. Agricultural activities can be programmed accordingly.

Table 4.6 Talukwise Land Use Pattern S.No. Total Thiruva- Oratha- Kumaba- Thiruvidai- % to Particulars Thanjavur Papanasam Pattukkottai Peravurani extent iyaru nadu konam maruthur total (ha) Total geographical 60879 28511 58176 27658 27205 26869 71249 27071 327618 100 area 1. Forest ------1255 - 1255 0.38 2. Uncultivable 200 2245 167 - - 4 4301 486 7403 2.26 waste 3. Land put to non agri. 14850 4685 10058 6471 4137 6908 14097 7418 68624 20.95 Uses 4. Cultivable 1759 420 2280 215 493 451 1285 388 7291 2.23 waste 5. Permanent 126 435 405 17 23 68 599 227 1894 0.58 pasture 6. Land under trees not included 1053 96 168 375 331 94 - - 2117 0.65 under net area sown 7. Current 4821 361 5235 1718 805 1658 3062 3196 20856 6.36 Fallows 8. Other Fallows 1247 418 3209 49 466 1576 2401 309 9675 2.95 9. New are sown 36823 19851 36654 18813 20950 16110 44249 15053 208503 63.64

Forests Thanjavur district is very poor in forest wealth. The total forest area of the district is about 1255 ha which represents 0.38 per cent of total area of this district. The type of forest is tropical deciduous (mangrove) and is distributed in Pattukkottai taluk of this district.

Crop Area This district is essentially a deltaic plain comprising of old and new delta. The old delta has a net work of canals and channels of the river Cauvery and Vennar. Upper portion of this new deltaic area is irrigated by Grand Anaicut canal. Tapping of ground water is done considerably in this area to advance the first cropping season Kuruvai, to avoid damage due to the North East Monsoon and to accommodate the two crops namely Kuruvai and Thaladi.

The soils of the new deltaic area are amenable for wide variety of crops such as Coconut, Mango, Groundnut and Paddy. Summer crops like Pulses, Cotton, Gingelly, Soyabean and Groundnut are grown in this area under irrigated conditions. Cultivation of Oil palm and Soyabean is also gaining momentum in this district, wherever assured water supply and drainage facilities are available.

Table 4.7 Area Under Different Crops (Thousand Hectares) Oil Sugar Other S.No Taluks Paddy Pulses Millets Total seeds cane Crops 1. Thanjavur 24.20 4.50 7.70 2.60 0.80 3.19 42.99 2. Thiruvaiyaru 25.20 2.12 12.70 0.67 0.85 0.38 41.9 3. Orathanadu 40.20 0.66 0.68 0.18 0.54 1.11 43.37 4. Kumbakonam 25.40 2.52 1.80 0.51 0.18 1.62 32.03 5. Thiruvidaimarudhur 26.40 7.20 1.40 0.68 0.44 1.14 37.26 6. Papanasam 30.00 0.65 2.10 0.62 0.93 0.87 35.17 7. Pattukkottai 42.20 0.06 10.80 0.70 0.14 0.05 53.95 8. Peravurani 18.90 0.01 5.20 0.18 0.04 0.16 24.49 Total 232.50 17.72 42.38 6.14 3.92 8.52 311.16

Cropping Calendar The major crops cultivated in Thanjavur district are Paddy, Pulses, Groundnut and Sugarcane. The major crops like Maize, Soyabean, Redgram and Gingelly are also grown.

Paddy is the principal crop grown in three seasons viz. Kuruvai, Samba and Thaladi.

Pulses like Blackgram and Greengram and cash crops like Cotton and Gingelly are grown in rice fallows.

In new delta area, the Groundnut is the principal crop. Irrigated paddy is grown wherever the water is available. Sugarcane is cultivated both in new delta and old delta. Banana is primarily grown in padugai lands (Near river side).

Table 4.8 Sources of Irrigation Sources of Irrigation S.No. Taluks Canal Wells (Nos) Tanks (Nos) Length (km) 1. Thanjavur 80 1359 14 2. Thiruvaiyaru 67 2617 - 3. Orathanadu 115 1244 - 4. Kumbakonam 112 5440 - 5. Thiruvidaimarudhur 112 2820 - 6. Papanasam 38 1198 106 7. Pattukkottai 120 837 455 8. Peravurani 13 833 56 Total 657 16348 631

Agricultural Institutions The details of various Agricultural Institutions functioning in the district are furnished below.

Table 4.9 Agricultural Institutions S.No. Name of the Institution No. 1. Office of Joint Director of Agriculture, Thanjavur 1 2. Soil Survey & Land use Organization, Thanjavur 1 3. SWMRI – TNAU Institution, Thanjavur 1 4. PPRC – FCI Institution, Thanjavur 1 Coconut Research Station, Veppankulam 5. 1 (TNAU) 6. MCRS – TNAU, Pattukkottai 1 7. TRRI – TNAU, Aduthurai 1 8. Saline Research Centre, Peravurani 1 9. Seed Testing Laboratory, Thanjavur 1 10. Fertilizer Testing Laboratory, Kumbakonam 1 11. Bio-Fertilizer Production Unit, Kumbakonam 1 12. Soil Testing Laboratory, Aduthurai 1 13. Mobile Soil Teasting Laboratory, Aduthurai 1 14. Pleurotus Spawn Production Centre, Aduthurai 1 15. Pesticides Testing Laboratory, Aduthurai 1 16. Agricultural Depots 55 17. State Seed Farms 1 18. Seed Processing Unit 2

Table 4.10 Agro Industries Total S.No. Name of Industries Symbol Nos. 1. Coir & Coir Product Industries A 28 2. Straw Board industries B 3 3. Chewing Tobacco Industries C 6 4. Cotton ginning mills D 2 5. Modern Rice Mill E 7 6. Sugar Factory F 2 7. Oil Centres G 4

Table 4.11 Animal Husbandry Institutions Total S.No. Name of Instituions Symbol Nos. 1. Veterinary Hospital A 6 2. Veternary dispensary B 30 3. Clinician Centre C 2 4. Mobile Veterinary Dispensary D 3 5. Key Village Scheme Sub Centre E 13 6. Intensive Cattle Development Sub Centre F 41 7. Animal Husbadry sub centre G 75 8. Live stock farm H 2 9. Poultry extension centre I 2

Soils In this district, 13 soil series were identified and mapped. The distribution of the various soil serious are given below.

Table 4.12 Soils

S.No. Soil Series Extent (ha) % to total 1. Madukkur 1,10,573 34.18 2. Kalathur 51,449 15.90 3. Padugai 36,467 11.27 4. Pattukkottai 33,424 10.33 5. Adhanur 30,642 9.47 6. Vallam 13,045 4.03 7. Alathur 12,111 3.74 8. Mudukulam 9,266 2.86 9. Peravurani 6,672 2.06 10. Alangudi 6,626 2.05 11. Budalur 6,449 1.99 12. Melkadu 5,045 1.56 13. Kallivayal 482 0.17 14. Reserved forest 1,255 0.39 Total 3,23,506 10,00

DISTRICT PROFILE - TIRUVARUR Overview of the Industrial Scenario  Tiruvarur District is totally industrially most backward district.  Being an agricultural district, rice mills are predominant. There are 50 modern rice mills and 250 cooly rice mills.  Based on availability on natural gas, gas based industries have come up. There are 6 industries at present, with breakup details as follows. o Chemical based industries - 4 o Ceramic industries – 1 o Power generation – 1  Due to inadequate supply of natural gas, new proposals are not encouraged.  Regarding large scale sector, there are only three units. Due to lack of large scale units or public sector undertaking, there are no ancillary industries.  Next to paddy, coconut yield is predominant. So, there are 7 coir based industries in private sector and 2 in cooperative sector.  Regarding industrial cooperative societies, there are 4 societies functioning in this district. o Kunniyur Adi Dravidar Coir and Coir Products Industrial Cooperative Society. o Kottur Adi Dravidar Coir Workers Industrial Cooperative Society. o Mannargudi Polythene Workers Industrial Cooperative Society. o Tiruvarur District Backward Class Autorickshaw Drivers Industrial Cooperative Society.

 As per live stock census 2004, the live stock population is 3,32,134 white cattle and 18,286 black cattle. The estimated Milk Production in the district is 90.70 Lakh Litres per annum.  For the whole district there is only one bulk chilling unit at Poonthotam, Nannilam Taluk.  In poultry sector there is only one hatchery put-up by M/s. Aladian Hatcheries at Thiruneiper, Tiruvarur Taluk that produces 30000 chicks per month.  In power sector, there are two large scale units generating 146 M.W., by using natural gas. One unit is putup by M/s. Southern Energy Development Corporation at Nallur, Mannargudi Taluk and the other by TNEB at Koilkalapal, Kottur Block.  There are 8 States Seed Farms functioning under the control of Agricultural Department in the District with annual seed production of 1350 M.T.

District Profile Name of the District : Tiruvarur Geographical Area : 2,09,709 Ha a. No. of Blocks : 10 b. No. of Taluks : 7 c. No. of Municipalities : 4 d. No. of Town Panchayats : 7 e. No. of Revenue Villages : 573 Rainfall (mm) : 1166.40 Population (in Lakh as per 2001 census) a. Male : 5.80 b. Female : 5.88 c. Total :11.68 d. Population below poverty line : 77,543 families

Classification of Workers a. Main Cultivators : 68374 b. Marginal Cultivators : 7639 c. Agricultural Labourers : 286033 d. Household cottage industries: 9533 e. Other workers : 128108

Predominant Economic Activities. Besides paddy cultivation which is the most important economic activity prevalent in the district, paddy processing, goat rearing, dairy, coir making and handicrafts are the other important activities in the district.

Major Food/Commercial and Plantation/Horticultural Crops. Paddy, accounting for about 64 per cent of the gross cultivated area, is the most predominant crop grown in the district. Pulses, mainly black gram and green gram, are grown extensively in 65536 ha (70000 ha normal area) mostly in rice fallows. Oil seed crops, such as gingelly and groundnut, are cultivated in about 2385 ha (6921 ha normal area). Sugarcane with 1555 ha (2921 ha normal area) and cotton with 3749 ha 1221 ha normal area) are the major cash crops grown in the district. Among the Horticulture and Plantation crops, coconut and banana are the major crops cultivated. Cultivation of bamboo along the bunds of the vast stretch of canal system has potential in the district.

Predominant Economic Activities Besides paddy cultivation which is the most important economic activity prevalent in the district, paddy processing, goat rearing, dairy, coir making and handicrafts are the other important activities in the district.

Major Food / Commercial and Plantation/Horticultural Crops. Paddy, accounting for about 64 per cent of the gross cultivated area, is the most predominant crop grown in the district.

Pulses, mainly black gram and green gram, are grown extensively in 65536 ha (70000 ha normal area) mostly in rice fallows. Oil seed crops, such as gingerly and groundnut, are cultivated in about 2385 ha (6921 ha normal area). Sugarcane with 1555 ha (2921 ha normal area) and cotton with 3749 ha 1221 ha normal area) are the major cash crops grown in the district. Among the Horticulture and Plantation crops, coconut and banana are the major crops cultivated. Cultivation of bamboo along the bunds of the vast stretch of canal system has potential in the district.

Infrastructure and Support Services  8 State Seed Farms  Major source of irrigation is surface water through canals  2 Horticultural Nurseries  4 Fishing Centres  29 Godowns  Total power consumptions of the district is 226.44 m.u.  Power consumption by industrial sector is 12.20 m.u.  5 TNEB Sub Stations  43 K.M. National High ways  165.449 K.M. State High ways.  1439.02 K.M. Rural Roads  12 ITIs  2 Engineering Colleges

Table 4.13 Blockwise details of large scale industries sectorwise showing the number of units, investment, employment and installed capacity

Installed Investment capacity S. Name of the Employment Block on plant & /production Line of activity No. Industries Nos Machinery particulars per annum 1 Tiruvarur Tamilnadu Civil 51 Supplies 40.00 PMT 14986 Modern Rice Corporation, lakhs 34 Tonnes Milling Modern Rice Mill, Temp Tiruvarur. 2. Tiruvarur South India Edible Oil Edible Refining Oil, Karuppur, 4.00 10000 Process solvent 31 Tiruvarur Crore Tonnes extraction of Coconut Cakes 3. Mannargudi Tamilnadu Civil Supplies 33 Corporation, 40.00 PMT 11350 Modern Rice Modern Rice Mill, lakhs 66 Tonnes Milling Sundarakkottai, Temp Mannargudi 4. Mannargudi Pamani fertilizers, Manufacturing 70.00 16188 Pamani Village, 44 of Fertilizer lakhs Tonnes Mannargudi Granules. 5. Kottur Southern Energy Development 48.18 Corporation 15.50 Electric Power 20 Million Limited, Nallur, Crores Generation units Kottur Block, Mangudi Taluk 6. Kottur TNEB Power Generation plant, 263.00 Power 89 94 MW Kovilkalappal, Crores Generation Kottur Bk

Proposed Large Scale projects in the offing/Thrust sector activities identified for growth in the next five years Even though Thiruvarur is an agricultural based district, there is a good scope for developing thrust sector activities of solar energy equipments like Flat Plate Solar Collectors, concentrating and pipe types solar collectors, cost effective building materials like flyash fire bricks, chamber bricks manufacturing of readymade garments, Gold and Diamond Jewellery manufacturing units. Therefore, type of industries is going to be developed in the next five years.

Table 4.14 Large Scale Industries

S.No. Name of the Industries Capacity Line of Employment activity T.N.C.S.C. M.R.M, Modern Rice 1. 92 M.T. 52 Nos. Tiruvarur. Milling T.N.C.S.C. M.R.M, Modern Rice 2. 100 M.T. 60 Nos. Sundarakottai. Milling South India Edible Oil, Palm Oil 3. 125 TPD 20 Nos. Karuppur, Tiruvarur. Refinery Pamani Fertilizers, Fertilizers 4. 120 TPD 100 Nos. Mannargudi. Manufacturing Southern Energy Power 5. Development Corporation, 39 MW 10 Nos. Generation Nallur, Mannargudi Taluk T.N.E.B. Power Plant, Koil Power 6. 107 MW 125 Nos. Kalapal, Kottur Block. Generation

Export potential of the District In Thiruvarur District there is a scope for exporting groundnut cakes, silk sarees and Gold and Diamond, Jewellery ornaments.

Other Potentials of the District The following Industrial activities have been identified for other sources of potentiality in this District.

Raw Material based  Rice Mill, Flour Mill, Bakery Product, Ice Cream, Pickles etc.,,  Leather Items  Incense sticks, Dhoops etc.,  Fire bricks country bricks and cement products etc.,  Gate, Grill and Fabrication works  Mfg. Of Electrical apparatus  Structural Fabrication etc.,

Demand based  Printing and Book Binding  Packaging of drinking water  Frieght transport services  Postal and Courier activities, cable TV etc.,

Skilled based  Wood Sawing, Planning, Furniture  Lathe works  Welding works and plate regrooving  DTP works  Recharging and reconditioning of batteries  Repairing and servicing of two wheelers and Automobiles etc.,  Repairing and servicing of Bicycles, clocks and watches etc.,  Data processing Software development etc.,  Colour Black and White Studio etc.,  Other service activities like Beauty Parlour etc.,

Export oriented  Milk and Milk products  Bakery and Bakery products  Groundnut cakes and sweets

Rural artisans based  Silk weaving  Ornamentals/Jewel making  Pottery  Thatches making  Dry cleaning  Tailoring and Embroidery  Bamboo baskets making  Ladders making

Export oriented  Milk and Milk products  Bakery and Bakery products  Groundnut cakes and sweets

Rural artisans based  Silk weaving  Ornamentals/Jewel making  Pottery  Thatches making  Dry cleaning  Tailoring and Embroidery  Bamboo baskets making  Ladders making

SEZ/EPZ/Industrial estates (Sidco / Sipcot), showing the number of units, Turnover, Employment -Nil-

Table 4.15 Blockwise Details of MSME in The District With Numbers Investment And Employment From 1.4.2010 To 31.7.2010 Name of the District: Tiruvarur

Value of Value of Employment Name of The No. of Land and Machinery Generated Block Units Building (Rs. in 000) (Nos) (Rs. in 000) Tiruvarur 22 6767 15340 178 Mannargudi 22 6178 4408 119 Kottur 3 840 910 49 Thiruthuraipoondi 3 555 165 12 Muthupet 1 300 50 2 Kudavasal 4 3640 1155 32 Needamangalam 10 2446 1174 40 Nannilam 4 700 530 13 Valaingaman 7 1140 781 32 Koradachery 6 11505 5800 71 Total 82 34071 30313 548

Projected Micro/Small/Medium growth Thiruvarur is totally industrially backward district. According to the new industrial policy 2008, announced by the Government, In Thiruvarur district, 102 micro enterprises and 5 small enterprises have been filed EM under manufacturing sector and 76 micro enterprises have been filed EM under service sector. Out of 3872 SSI units, 183 units have been filed EM under MSME policy.

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Overall scenario after 5 years There is an ample scope for development of industries in this district. Very good potentials are available for coir and curled coir units, coconut shell products and coir pith manufacturing units, cattle feed and poultry feed manufacturing units.

Modern rice mill and dhall mill, petrochemical based projects and gas turbine power plants. Are available in Thiruvarur District. Therefore such type of these industries is going to be developed in the next 5 years.

Steps to be taken to increase the industrial growth in the district and to improve the export performance The following steps have to be taken for improving to the industrial and export performance:

The proposed Sidco industrial estate at Vaipur, Nannilam block is to be established.

Government incentives to MSMEs like State Capital Subsidy, Additional employment intensive subsidy, additional capital subsidy for women, SC/ST, physically disabled persons and transgender entrepreneur and VAT incentives / benefits to eligible MSMEs, additional capital subsidy for environment friendly technologies special capital subsidy for thrust sector and low tension power tariff subsidy are giving boost to develop these industries located at backward areas in this district.

The information and marketing support such as 15% price preference for purchase of goods of domestic micro and small enterprises, waiver of earnest money deposit for participation in tenders, 50% grant on hall rent for Trade Fairs and Exhibitions and introduction of a common brand name or common banner is giving to support the industrial development.

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Rehabilitation Assistance package to Sick Micro, Small and Medium enterprises in Tamil Nadu has to be announced in order to avoid the closure of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises. Steps are being taken to identify the sick units to revive under rehabilitation package scheme.

TAICO Bank is functioning in Thiruvarur District in order to develop infrastructure facilities of cooperative societies and to provide financial assistances to MSME’s in this district.

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