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Solar Energy for Domestic and Small Industries with Help of Parabolic Trough Solar Concentrator

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Solar Energy for Domestic and Small Industries with Help of Parabolic Trough Solar Concentrator International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 10, October - 2013 Solar energy for domestic and small industries with help ofparabolic trough solar concentrator PatodaLalit 1 Parashar V. Engineering Service Division, Bhabha Department of Mechanical Engineering, Atomic Research Centre (BARC),Vizag, S.G.S.I.T.S. Indore, India India, Abstract off-grid electricity and bulk electrical power. In a parabolic trough solar collector, or PTSC, the The energy or power generation is big issue, the reflective profile focuses sunlight on a linear heat solar power is clean and available free of cost collecting element (HCE) through which a heat after one time investment and solar energy transfer fluid is pumped. The fluid captures solar required basic technique of focusing at the line or energy in the form of heat that can then be used point. To use the solar energy the parabolic in a variety of applications. trough of steel and silicon glassesare more important, those are easily and cheaply available An attractive feature of the technology is that in market as the present work is mainly for PTSCs are already in use in great numbers and domestic application and small power industriesIJERTIJERT. research output is likely to find immediate We get temperature reading at the receiver tube application. Smaller-scale PTSCs can be used to is 228 0C, that is sufficient to fulfil the basic test advances in receiver design, reflective needs of domestic purposes. Andalso the materials, control methods, structural design, manufacturing process of this type of solar setup thermal storage, testing and tracking methods. is easy as summarised in our work. 1.1 Types of concentrating collectors: Keywords:, Parabolic Trough Solar Collector, Solar thermal energy systems are among the Silica Glass. most promising of the renewable technologies. 1. Introduction: Three such concepts for bulk electricity production are the parabolic trough solar Solar thermal systems play an important collector, and two others are, parabolic dishes role in providing non-polluting energy for and central receiver. domestic and industrial applications. 1.1.1 Parabolic trough collector: A high- Concentrating solar technologies, such as the temperature (above 360K) solar thermal parabolic dish, compound parabolic collector and concentrator with the capacity for tracking the parabolic trough can operate at high temperatures sun using one axis of rotation. It uses a trough and are used to supply industrial process heat, IJERTV2IS100909 www.ijert.org 2828 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 10, October - 2013 covered with a highly reflective surface to focus adjusting the heat transfer fluid volume flow rate sunlight onto a linear absorber containing a while solar radiation changes. The control working fluid that can be used for medium algorithmic, which is based on Rawlings and temperature space or process heat or to operate a Muske (1993), was introduced on the example of steam turbine for power or electricity generation. a simplified model. Lüpfert, E. et al. (2004) summarizes results in collector shape 1.1.2 Parabolic Dishes: Parabolic dishes give in measurement, flux measurement, ray tracing, and principle a point focus, the reflecting surface is a thermal performance analysis for parabolic parabolic. 2D focusing gives a much higher troughs. It is shown that the measurement concentration factor and mechanically stable. methods and the parameter analysis give 1.1.3 Central Receiver: Also known as a power consistent results.Mokhtaria A. et al. (2007), the tower, a solar power facility that uses a field of parabolic trough collector of Shiraz power plant two-axis tracking mirrors known as heliostat (A with hot oil generation system is investigated device that tracks the movement of the sun). The experimentally over in summer period. The effect of many heliostats reflecting to a common system operates under closed loop mode by point creates the combined energy of thousands recirculating the oil through a hot oil expansion of suns, which produces high-temperature tank. Variations of collector oil inlet and outlet thermal energy. temperature are measured and the maximum beam radiation during the experimental period 2. Literature Review: was 735mW. An attractive feature of the technology is that 3.Details of experimental set up:The PTSCs are already in use in great numbers andIJERTIJERT components of experimental setup are fabricated research output is likely to find immediate structure, plane mirror, and receiver tube as application. Shortis, M. R. et al. (1996) has below in experimental setup picture1. described the use of close-range photogrammetry to measure a range of solar concentrator Fabricated structure: The structured is fabricated components, from EuroTrough fabrication jigs, by mild steel hollow bar having square cross to concentrator sub-frames, to trough mirror section .the toughness of this structure is very facet surface deviations under varying high and thermal expansion is very low which gravitation loads, to structural distortions arising can bear high load and temperature .we have from differential thermal expansions in the remind all the precaution during the fabrication structure, to small scale mirror facets and the of this structure, Some specified tolerances also subsequent processing of the photogrammetric we considered while manufacturing . data to provide optical and ray trace analysis of Plane mirror: The mirror we used for focusing the facet performance. Thorsten A. the sun rays having high reflectivity (r=.99), it Stuetzle(2002), A model predictive controller can reflect the sun rays very efficiently on the was developed for the SEGS VI plant model. Its receiver tube .the dimension of this glasses have task is to maintain a constant collector outlet specified in this thesis later. temperature on different days of a year by IJERTV2IS100909 www.ijert.org 2829 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 10, October - 2013 Receiver tube: We have wide range for receiver 4. Material of glass-Silica tube material such as copper, aluminium, mild 5. Material of receiver tube-mild steel steel etc. the major constraints during the selection of receiver tube is low melting point 3.2 Permanent installation of glass may create and low thermal conductivity of the metal so we major problem during focusing, because solar have to select a metal which can bear high geometry affect the incident angle so we have to temperature and should have high thermal refocus glass again. We developed new method conductivity. for installation of glasses in which we can refocus glass with very light effort with the help 3.1 Dimension of parabolic trough: of flexible mounting and L-section as in fig2. 1. Projected Area = 12.54*106 mm2 2. Dimension of glass (plane): Length=305mm, Width =76mm and Thickness =4mm 3. Dimension of receiver tube: Length =305mm, Dia. =76mm, and Thickness=4mm IJERTIJERT Fig1: Schematic Diagram of setup IJERTV2IS100909 www.ijert.org 2830 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 10, October - 2013 Fig2: L-Section and Flexible mounting for mirror IJERTIJERT Picture1: Experimental Setup 4. Results: 3. Dimension of receiver tube: Length =305mm, Dia. =76mm, and Thickness=4mm The average temperature value obtained at the 0 receiver tube as in table1 is 2280C. The table1 is Time Temperature( C) also made on the basis of average of temperature 09:00 200 of year 2009-2010. 11:00 250 12:00 270 Parabolic Trough: 13:00 240 1. Projected Area = 12.54*106 mm2 15:00 215 17:00 195 2. Dimension of glass: Length =305mm, Width Table1: Time and Temperature variation in a day =76mm and Thickness =4mm IJERTV2IS100909 www.ijert.org 2831 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 10, October - 2013 5. Conclusions: Refrences: The average temperature value obtained at the [1] Goswami D Yogi and Kreider F. Jan, receiver tube is 2280C, that value of temperature Principles of Solar Engineering, Taylor and is much more sufficient to use for the domestic Francis, ISBN 1560327146, 9781560327141, 2000. purposes and small industrial [2] Lüpfert, E., Neumann, A., Riffelmann, K.-J., applications.Generally the solar power is costly and Ulmer, S. Comparative flux but in this case, used technologies are simple and measurement and raytracing for the cheap, that can be installed easily for home characterization of the focal region of solar allowances and industries. parabolic trough collectors, Proceedings ASME 2004, Portland, OR, July 11–13, The silicon glasses has around 0.99 reflectivity ASME Paper No. ISEC2004–65157, 2004. that means the solar energy value after the glass [3] MokhtariaA., Yaghoubia M., and Kananb P. reflection will be 99% of the incident value and ,Thermal and optical study of parabolic at the receiver tube received energy will be 97%, trough collectors of shiraz solar power plant, because there is maximum loss of energy 2% as International Conference on Thermal air is present in between the glasses and receiver Engineering, Amman, Jordan, 2007. tube. [4] Rabl, A.Active Solar Collectors and Their Applications, Oxford University Press, New On the basis of the temperature at the receiver York, 1985. tube, approximate rate of steam generation and [5] Shortis, M. R., and Johnston G. H. G. approximate power generation for the
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