RESETTLEMENT PLAN OF BAOQING COUNTY (QIXINGHE NATURE RESERVE)
Supplementary Appendix to the Report and Recommendation of the President to the Board of Directors
on the
Sanjiang Plain Wetlands Protection Project
in
The People’s Republic of China
Heilongjiang Provincial Government] September 2004
This report was prepared by the Borrower and is not an ADB document.
[Expected Board Approval Date: January 2005]
Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
PREFACE
This Resettlement Plan (RP) has been prepared by Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Office with assistance provided under the Technical Assistance Group of ADB. The RP has been formulated based on the PRC laws, local regulations and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) policies on involuntary resettlement. The RP provides effective approaches to the land acquisition and resettlement of Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project. The RP is based on socio-economic survey and households sample surveys of potentially affected persons (APs) according to the final design. The overall impacts reported here are based on the reliable field surveys carried out during project preparation period. After concurrence from ADB, the RP will then be approved by Heilongjiang Development and Reform Committee (HDRC) on behalf of Heilongjiang People’s Government.
BRIEF INTRODUCTION AND APPROVAL OF THE RP
HDRC has received the approval to construct the Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project, which is expected to commence in 2004 and be completed by end of 2009. HDRC, through State Forestry Administration (SFA) and Ministry of Finance, has applied a loan from ADB and donation from Global Environment Facility (GEF) to finance the project. Accordingly, the project must be implemented in compliance with ADB social safeguard policies. This RP represents a key requirement of ADB and will constitute the basis for land acquisition, compensation and resettlement. The RP complies with PRC laws and local regulations but includes some additional enhancement measures implementation and monitoring arrangements to ensure high quality resettlement results.
HDRC hereby approves the contents of this Resettlement Plan and guarantees that funds will be made available as stipulated in the budget. HDRC has discussed the draft RP with relevant local officials and has obtained their concurrence. HDRC authorizes Heilongjiang Forestry Bureau as the responsible agency to manage the implementation of the Project and related resettlement activities, and every county government is responsible for implementation of the project and related resettlement activities within the county.
Approved on ______(date) by:______(Director, HDRC)
______(date) by: (Head of Baoqing County Government)
1 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AAOV Average Annual Output Value ADB Asian Development Bank AP Affected Person BCFB Baoqing County Forestry Bureau BCLAB Baoqing County Land Administrative Bureau BCSPWPPLG Baoqing County Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Leading Group BCSPWPPO Baoqing County Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Office EA Executing Agency FRFGN Farmland Restoration to Forestry and Grassland Notice FRFL Farmland Restoration to Forest land FRW Farmland Restoration to Wetland GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environment Facility HDRC Heilongjiang Development and Reform Committee HPFSDRI Heilongjiang Province Forestry Survey Design and Research Institute HPSPPMO Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Management Office HPWPR Heilongjiang Provincial Wetland Protection Regulation IA Implementation Agency JVC Jiefang Village Committee LAL Land Administration Law M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MRM Management Review Meeting NPV Net Present Value NTFP Non-Timber Forestry Product OM Operation Manual OP Operational Procedures PAU Affected Unit PMO Project Management Office PRC the People's Republic of China QTSG Qixinghe Township Government QTG Qixingpao Town Government QVC Qixinghe Village Committee RP Resettlement Plan SMBQNRAB Shuangyashan Municipal Baoqing Qixinghe Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau
2 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Contents
1 Objective of RP and Definition of Resettlement Terminology ...... 6 2 Project Description...... 8 2.1 Brief Introduction of the Project ...... 8 2.1.1 Watershed Management ...... 8 2.1.2 Nature Reserve Management ...... 8 2.1.3 Alternative Livelihoods ...... 8 2.1.4 Capacity Building...... 9 2.2 General Description of the Project Area ...... 9 2.2.1 Shuangyashan Prefecture...... 9 2.2.2 Baoqing County...... 10 2.3 Project Beneficial Areas...... 11 2.3.1 Qixinghe National Nature Reserve...... 11 2.3.2 State-owned Forest farms...... 12 2.4 Project Investment and Financing...... 13 2.5 Measures to Mitigate Negative Impacts of the Project ...... 13 2.6 Aims of Resettlement...... 14 3 Project Impacts...... 15 3.1 Impacts Analysis of Land Acquisition ...... 15 3.2 Impacts Analysis of Population...... 16 3.3 Impacts Analysis of Building Demolishment...... 17 3.4 Minority ...... 17 3.5 Vulnerable Group...... 18 3.5.1 Poverty ...... 18 3.5.2 Gender...... 18 4 Socioeconomic Survey...... 20 4.1 Socioeconomic Survey of Project Affected Area ...... 20 4.1.1 Qixingpao Town ...... 20 4.1.2 Qixinghe Township...... 21 4.2 Sample Survey of Project Affected Family...... 21 4.2.1 Demography of Sampling Household...... 21 4.2.2 Basic Situation of Family Living...... 21 4.2.3 Production and Business Situation...... 22 4.2.4 Analysis of Income ...... 22 4.2.5 Analysis of Expenditure...... 23 4.2.6 Comprehensive Analysis of Income and Expenditure...... 24 4.2.7 Displaced Persons Psychology Questionnaire...... 24 4.3 Minority ...... 25 4.4 Vulnerable Group...... 25 5 Resettlement Legal and Policy Framework ...... 26 5.1 Land Acquisition and Compensation Policy ...... 26 5.2 Applicable Legal and Administrative Procedures...... 28 5.3 Compensation Provisions...... 29 5.4 Institutional Responsibilities...... 30 5.5 Resettlement Policies of ADB...... 31 5.6 The Project Resettlement Policy and Entitlement Matrix ...... 31 5.6.1 House Demolishment Policy and Entitlement Matrix:...... 31 5.6.2 Land Compensation & Rehabilitation Policy and Entitlement Matrix:...... 32 5.6.3 Compensation Policy of Affected Ground Attachments...... 33 6 Compensation Rates...... 34 6.1 Compensation Rate for Farmland to Wetland Restoration...... 34 6.1.1 Cost-benefit Analysis of Farmland...... 34 6.1.2 Land Opportunity benefit Analysis...... 37
3 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
6.1.3 Determination of Compensation Rate for Farmland restoration to Wetland . 41 6.2 Compensation Rate for Affected Simple Thatched Shelters ...... 41 7 Rehabilitation and Income Restoration Measures...... 42 7.1 Resettlement Plan of Qixinghe Village ...... 42 7.2 Resettlement Plan of Jiefang Village...... 43 7.3 Resettlement Plan of Original Reed Company...... 44 7.4 Compensation for Affected Ground Attachments ...... 45 8 Cost and Budget...... 46 8.1 Total Cost ...... 46 8.2 Annual Investment Plan ...... 46 9 Schedule of Implementation ...... 48 10 Organization...... 50 10.1 Implementation Organizations ...... 50 10.2 Responsibilities ...... 50 10.2.1 HPSPPMO（Project Management Organization）...... 50 10.2.2 BCSPWPPLG (Sub-project Leading Organization)...... 51 10.2.3 BCSPWPPO（Sub-project Management Organization）...... 51 10.2.4 SMBQNRAB（Implementation Organization） ...... 52 10.2.5 BCFB (Implementation Organization)...... 52 10.2.6 BCLAB (Management and Supervision Organization) ...... 52 10.2.7 QTSG, QTG ...... 53 10.2.8 QVC, JVC...... 53 10.2.9 HPFSDRI (Survey and Design Institution) ...... 53 10.2.10 External Monitoring Institution ...... 53 10.3 Staffing...... 54 10.4 Organization Chart...... 55 10.5 Measures for Strengthening Institutional Capacity ...... 55 10.5.1 Training the Staff...... 55 10.5.2 Investigating ADB Projects ...... 56 10.5.3 Establishing Management Information System (MIS)...... 56 10.5.4 Reinforcing Internal and External Monitoring ...... 56 11 Participation, Disclosure, Grievance and Appeal Procedure...... 57 11.1 Participation and Disclosure ...... 57 11.1.1 Public Participation in Project Preparation ...... 57 11.1.2 Public Participation in Socio-Economic Survey...... 57 11.1.3 Plan for Participation ...... 57 11.1.4 Disclosure...... 58 11.2 Complaints and Appeals...... 59 12 Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 60 12.1 Internal Monitoring and Supervision ...... 60 12.1.1 Implementation Procedures...... 61 12.1.2 Indicators to be monitored ...... 61 12.1.3 Staffing ...... 61 12.2 External Monitoring...... 61 12.2.1 Organization and Responsibility...... 62 12.2.2 Procedures...... 63 13 Appendix 1 Outline of External Monitoring and Evaluation on Resettlement ...... 64 13.1 Objectives of Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 64 13.2 Contents of Monitoring and Evaluation...... 64 13.3 Technical Method...... 65 13.4 External Monitoring Institute...... 65 13.5 Institutional Framework of Monitoring and Evaluation...... 65 13.6 Methods of Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 65 13.7 Schedule of External M&E on Resettlement ...... 67
4 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
List of Tables
Table 3.1 Scope of Project Impacts...... 15 Table 3.2 Impacts Analysis of Land Acquisition...... 16 Table 3.3 Impact Analysis of Households and Population...... 17 Table 3.4 Simple thatched shelter for Production Affected by the Project...... 17 Table 3.5 Sampling survey result of net income of project affected families ...... 18 Table 4.1 Structure Analysis of Income in 2003 ...... 22 Table 4.2 Structure Analysis of Expenditure in 2003...... 23 Table 4.3 Comprehensive Analysis of Income and Expenditure...... 24 Table 5.1 Entitlement Matrix of House Demolishment ...... 32 Table 5.2 Entitlement Matrix of Land Compensation & Rehabilitation ...... 33 Table 6.1 Cost and Benefit of Farmland in Core Zone of NR...... 34 Table 6.2 Planting Structure of Crops in Baoqing (2003)...... 35 Table 6.3 Cost and Benefit of Main Crops in Baoqing County...... 36 Table 6.4 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing (i=3%)...... 38 Table 6.5 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=5%） ...... 38 Table 6.6 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=7%） ...... 39 Table 6.7 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=10%） ...... 39 Table 6.8 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=12%） ...... 40 Table 6.9 Replacement Price Analysis of Simple Thatched Shelter...... 41 Table 8.1 Budget for Land Requisition and Resettlement...... 46 Table 8.2 Annual Investment Plan ...... 47 Table 9.1 Resettlement Activities Milestones ...... 48 Table10.1 Staffing of the Resettlement Institutions Involved in the Project...... 54 Table 12.1 Staffing of Monitoring Implementation ...... 61
List of Figures
Figure 2.1 Qixinghe National Nature Reserve...... 12 Figure 2.2 Distribution of Forest Plantation Areas under the Project ...... 13 Figure 6.1 Planting Structure of Crops in Baoqing (2003) ...... 36 Figure 10.1 Baoqing County Wetland Protection Project Resettlement Organization Chart. 55 Figure A.1 External M&E Technical Method ...... 66
5 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
1 Objective of RP and Definition of Resettlement Terminology
This resettlement plan (RP) is prepared according to the laws and regulations of the PRC, Heilongjiang Province and OM Section F2/OP of ADB ‘Involuntary Resettlement’ (2003) as well as Handbook on Resettlement of ADB (1998). The purpose of this document is to set out an action plan for the resettlement and rehabilitation of the project affected persons (APs) to ensure that they will benefit from the project and their standards of living will improve or at least be restored after the project impact.
Acquisition of land and other assets for the project will adversely affect the livelihood of persons who live, work or earn their living on the land that will be acquired for the project. APs are defined as those persons whose income or livelihoods will be adversely affected by land acquisition for the project. APs include the following categories:
a) Persons who have a title, right, interest, in structures (houses, enterprises, shelters, or public buildings), land (including residential, agricultural, and grazing land)or any other asset acquired or possessed, in full or in part, permanently or temporarily;
b) Persons who use the structures, land or assets described above; or persons whose business, occupation, work, place of residence or habitat adversely affected; or
C) Persons whose standard of living is adversely affected as a consequence of land acquisition.
A definition of APs is given below:
Definition of the APs: “Affected Persons” means persons who on account of the execution of the project had or would have their: a) standard of living adversely affected; or b) right, title or interest in any house, land (including premises, agricultural and grazing land) or any other fixed or movable asset acquired or possessed, temporarily or permanently; or c) business, occupation, work or place of residence or habitat adversely affected, and “affected Person” means individually all those who qualify as “Affected persons.”
APs may be individuals or legal persons such as a company, a public institution.
Definition of APs is not limited to their legal registration or permission to live or conduct business in the affected location, or their title to property. Thus, it includes:
a) All those affected by the project regardless of their legal rights or absence thereof to
6 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County the assets being taken; and
b) Persons without residential permit to live in a certain area.
Therefore all such persons who are affected will need to considered and recorded as APs, regardless of their legal connection to assets land or location.
If there are more than one person, family or household using or holding a title to the same land or property that is acquired, they will be compensated and rehabilitated according to the loss they suffer, their rights, and the impact on their living standards. The definition of APs is linked directly to the adverse effect of the project, regardless of legal rights title or interest.
All APs are entitled to the improvement or at least restoration of their standards of living, and compensation for the material losses they suffer. Compensation for assets will cover replacement cost. No deductions or discounts will be applied to the compensation amount for depreciation or other reasons. All APs deriving an economic benefit from the affected land and property are entitled to receive rehabilitation benefits in addition to the compensation for their assets lost. Those APs without title, authorization or legal permission to reside, conduct business, cultivate land or construct structures are eligible for rehabilitation of their livelihoods and compensation for their assets on an equal footing with those with formal legal title, authorization or permissions to the assets.
The term RESETTLEMENT includes: a) the relocation of living quarters; b) finding acceptable new employment for those whose jobs are affected; c) restoration (or compensation) of affected productive resources such as land, workplaces, , trees and infrastructure; d) restoration of other adverse effect on APs’ living standards (quality of life) through land acquisition (such as the adverse effects of pollution); e) restoration of or compensation for affected private and public enterprises; and f) restoration of adversely affected on cultural or common property.
Rehabilitation means: the restoration of the APs’ resource capacity to continue with productive activities or lifestyles at a level higher or at least equal to that before the project.
The objective of this RP is to provide a plan for the resettlement and rehabilitation of the APs so that their losses will be compensated and their standards of living will be improved or at least restored to the pre-project levels. To achieve these objectives the plan provides for rehabilitation measures so that the income earning potential of individuals are restored to sustain their livelihoods. Affected productive resources of businesses (enterprises including shops) and public property, Infrastructure and cultural property will also be improved or at least restored to their pre-project levels.
7 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
2 Project Description
2.1 Brief Introduction of the Project
According to the final design report, Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project is composed of four major components, including watershed management, nature reserve management, alternative livelihoods program and capacity building in six National Nature Reserves in Sanjiang Plains, Heilongjiang Province. These four major components are briefly described below.
2.1.1 Watershed Management
The water management component in Baoqing County includes two sub-components, which are forest plantations and Improvement of inter-institutional water resource management. For forest plantations, Baoqing County Government is responsible for planting 60,000 mu1, which includes 15,000 mu of high-yield plantation and 45,000 mu of fast-growing plantation. The place of the project is the 8 state forest farms in Baoqing County. For the latter sub-component, Qixinghe Nature Reserve Management Bureau will commission watershed-level hydrologic studies to determine what technical and policy interventions will be required to resolve larger-scale reserve water supply or water quality issues.
2.1.2 Nature Reserve Management
Three specific types of interventions are planned under this sub-component in Qixinghe Nature Reserve in Baoqing County, such as scientific wetland habitat management; wetland restoration within the reserves; and wildlife species recovery programs.
2.1.3 Alternative Livelihoods
The Alternative Livelihood program has three subcomponents, which respond to this issue, including: non-timber Forest Products program (NTFP); sustainable resource use in Wetlands program; and Ecotourism program. The NTFP program strengthens the income generation effects of the Forest Plantation program in eight forest farms of Baoqing County.
1 1 mu = 1/15 ha
8 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
2.1.4 Capacity Building
The Capacity Building component addresses threats related to over-exploitation, human disturbance, and habitat degradation within Qixinghe Nature Reserve. This component includes three programs: Conservation Education in schools; Conservation Awareness for adults and Wetland Management Training for nature reserve staff.
2.2 General Description of the Project Area
The project area is located in Baoqing County, Shuangyashan Prefecture of Heilongjiang Province.
2.2.1 Shuangyashan Prefecture
Shuangyashan is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, 500 km from Harbin. It faces Bijin City of Russia separated by Wusuli River in the east, abuts against Hulin, Mishan City and Yenan County in the south, against Jiamusi City and Qitaihe City in the west, borders on Fujin City, Tongjiang City, Fuyuan County and Yechuan County in the north. The city site is located in the riverside of Beiluanbang of Wanda Mountain. The total area of the prefecture is 2483 KM2, among that, 1767 KM2 is of city site. There locate 2 mountain peaks, which is quite similar to two lying ducks in shape, and the city name2 comes from it.
The landform of Shuangyashan prefecture is half mountainous area, and it’s high in southwest and low in northeast. In the south, it is continuous and fluctuant Wanda Mountain Chains, in which lots of mountains are located in length and breadth. In the north, it is Sanjiang Plain, through which lots of rivers flow. There are 8632 km2 of woodland, accounting for 38.3%; 946 km2 of water area, accounting for 4.2%; 7181 km2 of cultivated land, accounting for 31.9%; 815 km2 of city site, accounting for 3.6%; 2909 km2 of other lands, accounting for 12.9%. The main grain plants include wheat, soybean, corn, sorghum, and millet. Main industrial crops are beet, flax, sunflower, tobacco and vegetables are planted in outskirts.
Shuangyashan Mountain range, with domain of 5000 km2, all belongs to Wandashan Mountains in Changbaishan Mountains System. Among them, over 100 mountains are
2 In Chinese, Shuang means double, Ya means duck and Shan means mountain, therefore Shuangyashan means “double duck mountains” in English.
9 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County higher than height of 400m above sea level. The highest is Laotuzi Mountain in Baoqing, which height above sea level is 854m. The lowest is the east of Yanwo Island in No. 853 State Farm, which is only 54.2m.
Within the extent of Shuangyashan Prefecture, There are over 60 rivers and streams, which belong to two small watersheds of Raoli River and Anbang River. Raoli River is one of tributaries of Wusuli River Basin, and Anbang River belongs to Songhua River Basin. Main rivers in the prefecture include Raoli River, Qixing River, Anbang River, Baoshi River, Suolun River and Hamotong River, in which, the longest is Raoli River, which is 596 km in length and 7600 km2 of drainage area.
2.2.2 Baoqing County
Baoqing County is located in 131°12′ to 133°30′ of east longitude and 45°45′ to 46°55′ of north latitude, 100 km apart from the southeast of Shuangyashan City, with total area of 10001.27 km2. Its hypsography inclines to northeast from southwest gradually. It is ringed by mountains in east, west and south, However, in the north, it is plain area with flatness geography and rich land Thus the common saying of “four mountains, one river, half reed and half plain” is to figure local geography. The climate of Baoqing County is continental temperate monsoon climate, and annual average temperature is 3.2℃.
Baoqing County has long history and human being existed here since the late Paleolithic Age. The county was founded in 1916, and the county government was formed on July, 2nd, 1946. Currently Baoqing County is administered by Shuangyashan prefecture, with total population of 410 thousands, in which the Han nationality accounts for 95%, Man, Korea, Mongolia and Hui nationality and other minorities account for 5%. It has 206 natural villages of 10 townships, 4 state farms and 8 forest centers.
Baoqing County is abundant in natural resources greatly and a county with large development potential in Heilongjiang province. Firstly, the underground mines include coal, iron, copper, chrome, lead, zinc, aluminum, gold, graphite, quartz, white clay, big Qing stone, granite, limestone and etc. The estimated reserves of raw coal is about 7 billion tons, the accurate measured reserves is 220 million tons. Large and Medium Size Coal Mine Enterprise and Power Plant can be constructed here. It has been ranked as one of the 14 new ore districts to be developed in China. Secondly, a total amount of 5.64 million mu of cultivated land in the county produce many kinds of agriculture products, such as wheat, soybean, corn, paddy, red bean and etc. Industrial Crops mainly include toast tobacco, beet, flax, white melon, horn melon, borage, sweet-leaf chrysanthemum and etc. Baoqing County is one of the important production bases of wheat -bean, white melon and toast tobacco in Heilongjiang. The third is mountain forest resources. There is forest area of 1.87 million mu with total timber reserves of 8.42 million m3. It is the rather large later-formed forest region, with abundant broad-leaved forest timber of oak, birch; elm, basswood, willow, Persian walnut tree, amboyna and etc. 50 to 60 thousand m3 can be felled yearly. Meanwhile there are several ten kinds of wildlife in this region, such as
10 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County red deer, black bear, wild boar, fox, water dog, lynx, raccoon dog and etc. and over 100 kinds of wild plants mainly include ginseng, membranous milk vetch, nutgall, tendrilleaf fritillary bulb, rough gentian, potherb, ussurian grape, Chinese gooseberry and etc. The fourth is water resources. There are 16 streams, 52 swamps, 36 mineral springs, 460 thousand mu of water area, as well as rich reserves of underground water resource.. Main rivers are Raoli River, Qixing River, Hamotong River and Baoshi River. Raoli River with 370 km in length goes through all the county. The dry land area is 336 thousand mu increasing production of 1.44 hundred million Kg. The fifth is reed resources. There are 1050 thousand mu of grassland in existence, which supplies good natural resources for the development of stockbreeding. The sixth is tourism resources. Qixinghe wetland, Changlin Island, Yanwo Island, Hamotong reservoir and Zhenbaodao martyr cemetery, which are National Nature Reserves, are famous scenic spots overseas.
2.3 Project Beneficial Areas
Based on final design, the project will directly benefit Qixinghe National Nature Reserve and eight state forest farms located in Baoqing County.
2.3.1 Qixinghe National Nature Reserve
Qixinghe wetland Nature Reserve is located in the middle of Sanjiang plains and in the north of Baoqing County. Geographical coordinates are 132°5'—132°26' on east longitude and 46°40'—46°52' on north latitude, which is in the middle and lower reaches on the south of Qixinghe river with a total area of 20,000ha. It belongs to reserved area of inland wetland and water area ecosystem. Among its total area, there are 7,960 ha of core zone, 3,600ha of buffer zone, 8,440 ha of experimental zone. With integrated virgin wetlands of Sanjiang plains, it is typical and representative on the same latitude area. The types of virgin wetland ecosystem are intact, and the mire ecosystem, meadow ecosystem and water ecosystem remain very well. With various ecological environments, there are affluent hygrophyte, torfaceous and aquatic plants, and wildlife resources including 386 kinds of wild plants and over 160 kinds of wildlife, among that, 21 kinds of birds are being in severe danger, such as red-crowned crane and swan. This is a large gene bank of wildlife and wild plant with high scientific research value. State Council hereby approved to establish reserved area at national level on April 4th, 2002. ([2000] 30 file “Notice on establishing National Nature Reserve” issued by office of State Council).
.
11 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Figure 2.1 Qixinghe National Nature Reserve
2.3.2 State-owned Forest farms
Eight state-owned forest farms are involved in forest plantation sub-component. They are Baomiqiao forest farm, Baoshan forest farm, Longtou forest farm, Toudaogang forest farm, Dongfanghong forest farm, Liudao forest farm, Lishu forest farm and Shengli forest farm. Implementation of the project will improve finance condition of these forest farms directly.
12 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Figure 2.2 Distribution of Forest Plantation Areas under the Project
2.4 Project Investment and Financing
This project is ecology environmental protection project and People’s Government of Heilongjiang Province is responsible for its construction. The project investment is formed by 3 parts: domestic supporting fund, ADB loan and GEF (Global Environment Facility) grant. The resettlement budget will be financed by domestic supporting fund.
2.5 Measures to Mitigate Negative Impacts of the Project
During the planning of the project, different opinions related to project designing are widely collected, especially on selection of scale of land restoration. In order to mitigate negative impacts of the project, the scope of farmland restoration is cautiously determined. The farmland restoration is mainly located in core zone of wetland conservation area, and land in poor soil and with bad cultivation prospect. By consultation with local people, the project scheme is formulated finally under consideration of mitigating negative impacts as far as possible.
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2.6 Aims of Resettlement
Optimize the project design in order to avoid affecting the sites with much population, multi-story high buildings, to reduce quantity of demolition as much as possible, and to minimize the involuntary resettlement; Involuntary resettlement should be a component of the project, and adequate funds should be provided for APs and to ensure that they can benefit from the project; Pay the APs all the compensation fees before they move out; Encourage APs to participate in the preparation of RP and resettlement activities and their opinions will be taken into consideration; and Improve APs living standards or at least restore their former living standards.
14 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
3 Project Impacts
Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project is composed of four major components, including watershed management, nature reserve management, alternative livelihoods program and capacity building in six National Nature Reserves in Sanjiang Plains, Heilongjiang Province. According to project impact survey results, resettlement impacts are involved in the pilot wetland restoration subcomponent under Nature Reserve Management Component.
Based on survey, 6000 mu of farmland will be restored to wetland, and it involves 2 villages of 2 townships and one former state-owned enterprise, which are Qixinghe Village in Qixinghe Township, Jiefang Village in Qixingpao Town and Original Reed Company of Qaoqing County.
Farmland restoration to wetland will affect 45 households with 167 persons, among which 39 households with 140 persons are residents in villages, and 6 households with 27 persons are employee in state-owned enterprise. See Table 3.1 for project impacts.
In addition, farmland restoration to wetland will demolish 45 rooms of simple thatched shelters with area of 450 m2, which is temporarily used for living during the production seasons.
Table 3.1 Scope of Project Impacts
Name of Farmland restoration to wetland subcomponent Affected Land Affected Units Affected Affected Area ( mu) Households Population (household) (person) Wetland Qixinghe Village in 29 98 restoration 3100 Qixinghe township Jiefang village in 10 42 905 Qixingpao town Original Reed Company 6 27 1995 in Baoqing County Total 6000 45 167
3.1 Impacts Analysis of Land Acquisition
There are 6000 mu of cultivated land in core zone of Qixinghe Nature Reserve in Baoqing County. The farmland was reclaimed by surrounding farmers in 1960s and 1970s and by original Reed Company of Baoqing County in 1980s and 1990s. According to wetland protection regulation, these cultivated lands will be restored to wetland in order to protect the wetland resource and restore its function. The project will provide full compensation at replaced price for the 6000 mu of cultivated land, and resettle the
15 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County affected local farmers in order to restore or improve their original income. The project will restore the cultivated land to wetland after resettlement and rehabilitation.
Most of the cultivated lands in core zone are distributed on the hillocks where altitude is relatively high; most farmlands locate on 60m at height above sea level. Soybean, as the main crop, is mostly planted in this area. Since it is located in the depths of the wetland and it is detention basin of floods, which discharged from Qixinghe River, Jinshahe River, Qingshandihe River, Youyi and Wujiuqi farms. According to survey, floods result in the submerging of the land and no product in 2 or 3 years every 10 years. Plus the lower temperature in wetland and early frost sometimes, it goes against the growth of crop and results in low yield. Therefore, the agricultural income in core zone is very low.
Based on survey, this project need acreage of 6000 mu for farmland restoration to wetland including 3100 mu of Qixinghe village in Qixinghe Township, 905 mu of Jiefang village in Qixingpao Town and 1995 mu of original Reed company of Baoqing county. Comparing with the total farmland of every unit, affected degree are 13.6%，12.7% and 26.6% respectively. See Table 3.2 for detail.
Table 3.2 Impacts Analysis of Land Acquisition Unit: mu Total area of Farmland area to Township/Unit Village farmland be restored Impacts proportion Qixinghe Qixinghe 13.6% township village 22712 3100 Jiefang 12.7% Qixingpao town village 7100 905 Original reed 26.6% company 7500 1995 Total 37312 6000 16.1%
3.2 Impacts Analysis of Population
According to investigation, 45 households with 167 persons are farming on the land which will be restored to wetland in the project. Among that, 29 households with 98 APs are from Qixinghe village. The proportion of affected households to all households in the village is 2.8%. 10 households with 42 APs are from Jiefang village. The proportion of the affected households to all households in the village is 4.7%. 6 households with 27 APs are from original reed company. The proportion of affected households to all employees in the company is 13.6%. See Table 3.3 for detail. By comparing, it can be found that the population proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland is far less than the area proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland. By survey, since land for farmland restoration to wetland is located in the core zone with low production, and where
16 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County productive condition is very bad. So, when the village distributes land to contractors, land contracting area per capita in wetland is 3 or 4 times than that of farmland around the village site. Therefore, although the affected proportion of the land quantity is high, affected person proportion is far less.
Table 3.3 Impact Analysis of Households and Population Unit: Household, Person Proportion Proportion Total Total Affected Affected of Affected of affected Unit Village Household population Household Population Household population 29 Qixinghe Qixinghe township village 1039 3987 98 2.8% 2.5% Qixingpao Jiefang 10 town village 211 776 42 4.7% 5.4% Original 6 reed company 44 132 27 13.6% 20.5% Total 1294 4895 45 167 3.5% 3.4%
3.3 Impacts Analysis of Building Demolishment
In addition, since the village site is far away from the core zone of wetland, which is about 25-30 km. The farm have to enter the wetland before April every year, and carry rice, flour, oil, salt and production tools for all production seasons. Set up simple thatched shelter near the land. Farmers reside in the simple thatched shelter in busy seasons and return their house in the village in slack seasons. According to survey, within the project affected area, there are 45 rooms of thatched shelter, 10 m2 for each, which total area is 450 m2. See Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 Simple thatched shelter for Production Affected by the Project Unit: room Country Village Thatched shelter Qixinghe Qixinghe 29 Qixingpao town Jiefang 10 Original reed company 6 Total 45
3.4 Minority
On this survey, ethnic group and minority tribe are not found in project affecting area.
17 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
3.5 Vulnerable Group
3.5.1 Poverty
According to the poverty line issued by Chinese Government every four years, the poverty line (net income per capita) in 1986 was 280 yuan/person; 350 yuan/person in 1990; 340 yuan/person in 1994; 625 yuan/person in 1998 and 820 yuan/person in 2002. Therefore, 820 yuan/person of net income per capita will be adopted in this project to assess the poverty situation in project affected area. Based on the sampling survey of project affected families, the lowest net income per capita is 1100 yuan/person, which is higher than 820 yuan/person. It was concluded that there are very few poverty persons among the project affected persons. See Table 3.5.
Table 3.5 Sampling survey result of net income of project affected families
Family Gross income Productive expenses Net income per capita Name Population （yuan/household） （yuan/household） (yuan/person)
Liu Yuseng 4 15000 3800 2800 Wu Dehan 5 20000 7000 2600 Li Yi 5 18000 12100 1180 Li Yonghuai 6 20000 13400 1100 Jin Fu 3 9000 2000 2333 Hao Xinjia 5 15000 8000 1400 Deng Zonglin 5 20000 11200 1760 Wang Lansheng 3 10000 6280 1240 Zhen Guilin 5 30000 10840 3832 Deng Zhongman 4 16000 7000 2250 Zhang Qinglu 4 20000 10000 2500 Zhang Qingchang 4 21000 11980 2255 Wang Gongcai 4 20000 11000 2250 Liu Qingyu 4 20000 10800 2300 Total 61 254000 125400 2108
3.5.2 Gender
Based on the survey, it was observed that the entitlement of women is basically equal to their husband. The woman’s status within each family can vary. In some families, the wife owns more entitlements than her husband. In eastern China, although the husband often undertakes more responsibility for income earning and housework, the wife often has more rights than that of husband. Moreover, the project area is placed in the rural of the
18 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County northeast region in China, in some families, the husband is often engaged in labor work in another place, so the wife usually owns more right in the family business. In addition, according to Chinese Marriage Law, the woman owns half of the family property and right. In a word, the influence of this project has not significant in terms impacts on gender. The influence unit of the project is a family where the woman and husband are basically at the same position of family, so the resettlement impacts are equally distributed from the gender aspect.
Certainly, during the RP preparation process, the will and viewpoint of women have been taken consideration. The formulation of compensation policy, new site selection, land adjustment and income restoration were prepared with the participation of women. During the implementation of RP, it will continue to involve woman participation, and separate monitoring indicators for women will be conducted, in order to mitigate the negative impacts on women as much as possible, and strive for more involvement of women during asset compensation, land contracting and income restoration schemes.
19 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
4 Socioeconomic Survey
In order to better understand the socioeconomic status of project affected areas and basic situation of affected people, the project office conducted socio-economic survey of affected area in Feb 2004 as per requirement of ADB. The sample survey involved 14 sampling households with 61 persons. These households were visited and interviewed one by one; meanwhile a questionnaire survey was conducted in detail. The survey team also took photos of local production and living environment. The contents of sampling survey included: families population, production and business, main implements of production, living standard, house area, annual income and expenditure, people‘s attitude to resettlement and etc. This survey provides the detail basic data for analysis and compilation of RP.
4.1 Socioeconomic Survey of Project Affected Area
4.1.1 Qixingpao Town
Qixingpao town, locates in the northwest of Baoqing county, is 46 km away from county site. Qixingpao town is one of the important towns in Sanjiang Plain, with 1189 square km of administration area, 310,000 mu of farmland and 62 thousand populations. It administers 28 villages including Hongfeng, Xianghua, Zhonghong, Sanhe, Fuxing, Yongsheng, Yongyuan, Yongan, Jinshahe, Yihe, Yongxing, Xinghua, Pingan, Xinmin, Minzhu, Lanfeng, Jinshagang, Xinfa, Dexing, Jiefang, Liangshui, Jubao, Shuangbei, Shengli, Xinfeng, Dongtai and Xitai. It is the center of economy, culture, information and goods exchange in north of Baoqing county. It has abundant agricultural products, such as wheat, soybean, ripe, beat, toasted tobacco, white melon seed, sweet-leaf chrysanthemum, horseradish herb, small peanut and etc. Qixingpao is the largest town to produce white melon seed in China, as well as the base to produce toasted tobacco. Reserve of coal and char is proved up as 120 million tons. Reserve of limestone is up to 3 billion tons. It is very abundant in precious mineral resources, such as iron ore, gold, granite and etc. And reserves of mineral water are very large. There are over 3,000 enterprises in building materials, food processing, machine manufacture, cast steel, construction, coalmine, quarry and etc. The red brick coal and char, beverages are famous locally. All kinds of wholesale markets and trade markets are up to over 20. The town also has good infrastructure such as telecommunications, power supply, transportation, water supply, education facilities, and etc. The GDP of Qixingpao town is up to 4.2 billion yuan in 2002.
20 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
4.1.2 Qixinghe Township
Qixinghe Township, locates in the north of Baoqing County, is 40 km away from county site. It connects with Wujiuqi Farm in the south, faces Youyi County separated by a river in the north, abuts with Qixingpao town in the west, and Qixinghe wetland nature reserve in the east. Qixinghe Township owns rich land resource, with1073 km2 of administration area, fertile soil, clean water and luxuriant grass. It has 10 administrative villages with 150 thousand mu of farmland and 14 thousand people. It is affluent in agriculture products, and the green products have special feature. It gives priority to development of plantation and stockbreeding. In order to adjust the industrial structures, Qixinghe township gives emphasis on development of beet planting, soybean with high grease, goose breeding and characteristic economy. Qixinghe produces 14 million tons of soybean yearly, and breeds 2100 cattle, 2780 goats and 220 thousand geese and ducks. 450 mu of loach and frog is the ideal base to develop green food. Transportation and communication here are developed well; Youbao railway and Xingfu highway goes through Qixinghe Township from east to west. Almost 1000 households set up long distance phone. China Unicom and China Mobile set up substation here, and 90% of farmer households installed cable TV.
4.2 Sample Survey of Project Affected Family
4.2.1 Demography of Sampling Household
This survey covered 14 households, with 61 persons. Among that, 1 persons are ranging from 1 to 6 years old, accounting for 1.64% of sampling persons; 7 persons are ranging from 7 to 16 years old, accounting for 11.48%; 40 persons are ranging from 17 to 45 years old, accounting for 65.57%; 12 persons are ranging from 46 to 60 years old, accounting for 19.67%; 1 persons are above 60 years old, accounting for 1.64%. 33 persons are male, accounting for 54.10%; 28 persons are female, accounting for 45.9%, and all of them are Han nationality.
Education: 1 is preschool child, accounting for 1.64% of sampling persons; 13 persons got primary school education, accounting for 21.31%; 32 persons got junior high school education, accounting for 52.46%; 13 persons got senior high school education, accounting for 21.31%; 2 are graduates, accounting for 3.28%.
4.2.2 Basic Situation of Family Living
In 14 surveyed households, the acreage of housing is 1133m2 totally, with average 80.93m2 for each family and 18.57m2 per capita, and all are one-story house.
House structures. 7 houses are brick-concrete, accounting for 50%; 2 houses are brick-timberwork, accounting for 14.29%, and 5 houses are soil-timberwork, accounting
21 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County for 35.71%.
Age of house: 2 are new houses, accounting for 14.29%; 2 are under 10 years, accounting for 14.29%; and 10 are old houses, accounting for 71.43%.
The area of housing plots is 6900m2 totally; the average housing plot per family is 493 m2; and the average housing plot per person is 113 m2.
Property of the 14 sampling households: 2 tractors, 0.14 per family; 5 other farming machines, 0.36 per family; 15 color televisions, 1.07 per family; 2 black and white televisions, 0.14 per family; 7 telephone sets, 0.5 per family; 4 motorcycles, 0.29 per family; 9 bicycles, 0.64 per family, 12 sewing machines, 0.86 per family; 5 mobile phones, 0.36 per family.
4.2.3 Production and Business Situation
Among 14 surveyed sampling households, 13 cultivate dry land mainly, accounting for 92.86% of sampling households. Total area of dry land is 1009 mu, 72.07 mu per family, 16.54 mu per capita; 125 fowls, 8.93 per family; 27 sheep, 1.93 per family; 7 pigs, 0.5 per family; 30 cattle, 2.14 per family. As for another family, its main income comes from breeding aquatics, accounting for 7.14% of sampled families. The area of fish pond of this family is 30 mu with 2000（fish）aquatic products yearly.
4.2.4 Analysis of Income
According to survey results of 14 sampled families, the average gross income per capita in 2003 is 4164 yuan/person. The lowest gross income per capita in a family is 3333 yuan/person and the highest is 6000 yuan/person. Main income source is farming products, accounting for 83%. The stock raising and fishery income accounts for 2% and 3% respectively. In addition other business income accounts for 12%. See Table 4.1 for detail.
Table 4.1 Structure Analysis of Income in 2003
Total gross Gross income per Item income（yuan） capita (yuan/person) Proportion Total income 254000 4163.93 100% Income from farming 210000 3442.62 83% products Income from stock raising 5000 81.97 2% Income from fishery 8000 131.15 3% Income from other business 31000 508.20 12%
22 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
4.2.5 Analysis of Expenditure
In 2003, total productive expenditure of 14 surveyed sampling households is 125,400 yuan, accounting for 56.94% of total expenses. The average productive expenditure per capita is 2055.74 yuan/person. Total living expenditure is 94830 yuan, accounting for 43.06%, 1555 yuan per person.
Among total productive expenditure, agriculture and forestry expenses are 99,400 yuan, accounting for 79.27%; stock raising and fishery expenses are 11,000 yuan, accounting for 8.77%; tax is 13000yuan, accounting for 10.37%; others are 2000 yuan, accounting for 1.59%.
Among total living expenditure, foodstuff cost is 21,000 yuan, accounting for 22.25% of living expense; dressing cost is 12,000 yuan, accounting for 12.65%; water, electricity and fuel cost are 15,000 yuan, accounting for 15.82%; medical health cost is 5200 yuan, accounting for 5.48%; communication and transportation cost is 3430 yuan, accounting for 3.36%; and culture, education and entertainment cost is 38100 yuan, accounting for 40.18%. Thus the culture, education and entertainment expenses take the first place of expenses; the second is foodstuff.
Expenditure structure can be seen in Table 4.2.
Table 4.2 Structure Analysis of Expenditure in 2003
Total expenditure Item Per Capita Proportion （yuan） Productive expenditure 125400 2055.74 56.94% Agriculture and forestry 99400 1629.51 79.27% Stock raising and fishery 11000 180.33 8.77% Other business 0 0.00 0.00% Tax 13000 213.11 10.37% Others 2000 32.79 1.59% Living expenditure 94830 1554.59 43.06% Foodstuff 21100 345.90 22.25% Dressing 12000 196.72 12.65% Water, electricity and fuel 15000 245.90 15.82% Medical health 5200 85.25 5.48% Transportation and communication 3430 56.23 3.62% Culture, education and entertainment 38100 624.59 40.18% Total expenses 220230 3610.33 100.00%
23 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
4.2.6 Comprehensive Analysis of Income and Expenditure
In 14 surveyed households, the average net income per capita is 2108 yuan/person. See Table 4.3 for detail.
Table 4.3 Comprehensive Analysis of Income and Expenditure
Item unit Data Total income Yuan 254000 Production expenditure Yuan 125400 Living expenditure Yuan 94830 Net income Yuan 128600 Net income per capita Yuan/person 2108
4.2.7 Displaced Persons Psychology Questionnaire
A. About family living standard
According to survey findings, “comparing living standard of our village with that of other villages”, 7.14% persons think it is very low，42.86% think it is at the low of middle level, 50% think it is at middle level.
“Comparing living standard of our families with that of other villages”, 7.14% think it is very low，35.71% think it is at the low of middle level, 50.00% think it is at middle level, 7.14% think it is at high of middle level.
For future means of getting a livelihood, 78.57% plan to continue planting, and 21.43% plan to do business.
46.86% think the most serious problem is lack of farmland in the future; 57.14% think it is lack of fund.
B. About Resettlement Plan
Each family thinks the biggest problem, which needs solving in the future, is lack of farmland and fund.
After land acquisition, it should be compensated by cash.
All of them take welcome attitude towards farmland restoration to wetland.
C. About the Project
24 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
According to the survey, APs totally agree on construction of the project, and consider that the project will protect the environment and enhance living standards. The biggest disadvantage is the loss of farmland. Problems need to be solved include improving sanitation condition, road condition, developing village enterprises and increasing production loan.
4.3 Minority
During the survey, ethnic group and minority tribe are not found in project affected villages.
4.4 Vulnerable Group
According to the poverty line issued by Chinese Government every four years, 820 yuan/person of net income per capita, issued in 2002, will be adopted in this project to assess the poverty situation in project affected area. Based on the sample survey of project affected families, the lowest net income per capita is 1100 yuan/person, which is higher than 820 yuan/person. It was concluded that there are very few poverty persons among the project affected persons. See Table 3.5. In addition, the influence of this project does not cause any significant gender impacts. The influence unit of the project is a family and the woman and husband are basically at the same position in family, so the resettlement impacts would be shared equally from the gender aspect. See details in section 3.5.
25 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
5 Resettlement Legal and Policy Framework
Relevant Laws and Policies for Resettlement:
Land Administrative Law of P.R. China (1999) Nature Reserve Regulations of P.R. China (1994) Urban House Demolition Administrative Regulations（2001） Heilongjiang Province Land Administrative Regulations (2000) Heilongjiang Province Wetland Conservation Regulations (2003) Heilongjiang Province Farmland Conversancy Regulations (1995) ADB Involuntary Resettlement OM Section F2/OP (2003) ADB Resettlement Handbook (1998).
5.1 Land Acquisition and Compensation Policy
Land Administrative Law of P.R. China:
Article 2 P.R. China carries out socialism public ownership of land, which is ownership by the whole people and laboring concourse collectivity. Owned by the whole people means ownership of all land carried out by state council representing China. Any unit and individual cannot invade, deal or transfer land by any other illegal way. Use of land can be transferred in law. State can acquire land of collective-owned for public benefits.
Article 12 Change the ownership and usage of land in law should go through the formalities of land ownership change register.
Article 33 Land ownership and usage registered in law protect by law, any unit and individual cannot invade.
Article 39 Land which are not reclaimed or used need go through scientific argumentation and evaluation to verify that it is in the reclaimed area rowed by general layout of land usage and start after approval in law. Forbid damage forest and grassland and enclosing lake to reclaim farmland and invading beach of rivers. According to general layout of land usage, land, which reclaimed by damage ecological environment, should be converted to forest, herd or lake step by step.
Article 47 Land requisitioned shall be compensated for on the basis of its original purpose of use.
26 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Nature Reserve Regulations of P.R. China:
Article 18 Nature Reserves can be divided into core zone, buffer area and experiment area. Centralized distributing area of perfect ecological system and rare and severely ill propagation saved in savageness should be rowed as core zone. Forbid any unit and individual enter. And scientific research activities are not allowed unless approved according to article 11 of the regulation. Periphery of core zone can be rowed as buffer area by certain area and only scientific research activities are allowed here. Periphery of buffer area can be rowed as experiment area and scientific experiment, teaching and practice, visit and seeing, tourism, domestication and reproduction of rare and severely ill propagation and etc. activities are allowed here.
Article 26 Forbid fell, grazing, chevy, fishery, picking, reclaiming, burning, mine, quarry, dragging for sands and etc. activities. But law and regulations stipulate the exception.
Article 27 Prohibit any individual entering core zone of Nature Reserves. Request and activities plan should be submitted to administration department of Nature Reserves because of scientific research and approved by Nature Reserves administration department concerned above provincial level. Entering core zone of Nature Reserves at national level needs to be approved by Nature Reserves administration department concerned of state council. If it is necessary for original settled people in Nature Reserves to move out, they should be resettled by local government of Nature Reserves properly.
Heilongjiang Province Land Administrative Regulations:
Article 8 Change using right and ownership of land in law, transfer buildings and constructions attached to land in law resulting in the change of land purpose, it needs to register the change of land ownership and using right and purpose. The change of land ownership and using right become effective from the date of register.
Article 20 Farmland restoration to forest, herd and fishery caused by agricultural adjustment, it should carry out according to general layout of land usage and is reviewed by local land administrative department of county and city government, and then report to city and county government for approval.
Article 27 Examination and approval limits of acquisition land owned by farmer collective: (1)cultivated land, not included in capital farm land, that is less than 35 hectares, or others less than 70 ha, should be approved by provincial government and reported to state council on file;（2）otherwise, should be approved by state council. State acquire land owned by collective, unit or individual acquired should surrender land on time without baffling.
Heilongjiang Province Wetland Conservation Regulations:
27 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Article 27 Wetland conservation areas can be divided into core zone, buffer area and experiment area in line with national regulations.
Article 28 Without approval, any unit and individual cannot enter core zone of Wetland conservation areas. Request and activities plan should be submitted to administer department of Wetland conservation areas because of teaching and scientific research and approved by forest administration department above provincial level. Prohibit strictly settled people in Wetland conservation areas. Existing settled people in Wetland conservation areas should move out within during by government above county level, and production should stop.
Urban House Demolition Administrative Regulations:
Article 8 When house demolition administrative departments issues permission for house demolition, they should publish demolisher, demolition scope, demolition term etc. in permission in form of house demolition notice. House demolition administrative departments and demolishers should undertake propagandas and explanation to the demolished.
Article 49 Owners of houses and its attachment to be demolished, including person on behalf of manager and managers of houses and its attachment authorized by state, should be compensated by demolisher according to the regulations.
5.2 Applicable Legal and Administrative Procedures
Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：
Article 46 Land acquired by state, after approval as per legal procedures, should be announced and carried out by government above county level. Owners and user of acquired land should transact requisition compensation register with certificate of land within time limit stipulated by announcement.
Urban House Demolition Administrative Regulations：
Article 10 As soon as the permit of house demolition is granted, house demolition department in charge should announce the demolisher, demolishing scope and duration in bulletin or other form, and together with demolisher propagandize and explain to demolished people.
28 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
5.3 Compensation Provisions
Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：
Article 47 Land requisitioned shall be compensated for on the basis of its original purpose of use. Compensation for requisitioned cultivated land shall include compensation for land, resettlement subsidies and attachments and young crops on the requisitioned land.
Heilongjiang Province Land Administrative Regulations：
Article 26 Compensation for land, resettlement subsidies and building and attachments and young crops on the requisitioned land should be paid to the requisitioned unit. Owners and user of acquired land should go to local government and transact requisition compensation register with certificate of land.
Land compensation should be paid to ownership unit of collective. And collective economic organization should set up a account, which is used for living subsidy of requisitioned farmers and infrastructure construction of the collective and setting up enterprises specially. Usage of land compensation should be agreed by over two thirds of members of villager meeting or over two thirds of villager representatives, and reported to county government for approval.
Land compensation for people resettled by collective economic organization should be paid to ownership unit of collective land. Land compensation for people resettled by other unit should be paid to resettlement unit. Land compensation for people, who do not need unified resettlement, after approval of them and when they sign agreement, can be paid to them or for their insurance cost.
Compensation for young crop, building and attachment will be paid to contract person of land or its owner. Any unit and individual cannot occupy and embezzle land compensation, subsidy and other payment.
Article 29 Yong crops should be compensated as per its production value in the same season of the same year.
Attachment such as buildings and constructions should be compensated as per stipulations of state or province or agreement of both sides. Without agreement, city or county government will determine as per actual lose.
Before land requisition, and after land administration department in charge of the city or county issue bulletin for land requisition, crops, trees planted and establishment constructed will not be compensated.
29 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Article 30 Construction project, approved in law to use stated-owned farmland of other unit with legal using right, should pay compensation and resettlement cost as per standard for land requisition.
Urban House Demolition Administrative Regulations：
Article 20 Exchange of property right and evaluation are used in demolition compensation, or connect these two. Area of exchange of property right is building area of demolished house. Sum of evaluation is settled as building area of demolished house with status of new or old.
5.4 Institutional Responsibilities
Land Administrative Law of P.R. China：
Article 66 Land Administration department of the people’s government at or above the county level shall supervise over and inspect violations of laws and regulations governing land administration. Supervisors over and inspectors of land administration shall be familiar with the laws and regulations governing land administration and they shall be devoted to their duties and enforce laws impartially.
Article 70 Where, in the course of supervision and inspection, land administration departments of the people’s government at or above the county level find any violations by State functionaries and believe that administrative sanctions need be given to such functionaries, they shall deal with such violation in accordance with law; if they have no right to do so, they shall propose in writing to the administrative supervision departments of the people’s governments at the corresponding or a higher level that administrative sanctions be given to the functionaries, and the administrative supervision departments concerned shall deal with the violations in accordance with law.
Article 79 Whoever embezzles or misappropriates the compensation or other relevant charges paid to a unit whose land is requisitioned, if the violation constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with law; if the violation is not serious enough to constitute a crime, he shall be given administrative sanctions in accordance with law.
Urban House Demolition Administrative Regulations：
Article 5 The unit who demolishes the house shall, in accordance with this regulation, compensate and replace the people whose houses are demolished. And the people should submit themselves to the need of the city construction and move out with the given period.
30 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Article 6 The Real Estate Administration Department of the State council is in charge of the national urban house demolition. The Real Estate Administration Departments of the people’s government at or above the county level or the departments authorized by the government are in charge of the urban house demolition in their own regions.
Article 7 The people’s governments at or above the county level should strengthen their leadership on the urban house demolition.
5.5 Resettlement Policies of ADB
Land acquisition and resettlement should be an integral part of project design, Land acquisition and resettlement should be avoided or minimised where feasible from an economic, technical, social and environmental perspective; Carry out resettlement and compensation in order to improve or at least restore the pre-project income and living standards of the affected people . All APs are adequately informed on eligibility, compensation standards, livelihood and income restoration plans, and project timing. All affected people, regardless of their legal status, will be provided compensation and rehabilitation. Lack of legal paper of their customary rights of occupancy certificates shall not be a bar to obtain compensation for them. The resettlement policy should apply to all components under the project regardless whether or not they are directly financed by ADB. The policy applies to all affected persons regardless of the total number affected or the severity of impact. Particular attention will be paid to the needs of vulnerable groups among those affected, especially the poor, the elderly, women and children, indigenous groups and ethnic minorities. Attach importance to the participation of stakeholders in resettlement plan and implementation. Establish transparency appeal mechanism. Publish resettlement plan and implementation policies to displaced persons.
5.6 The Project Resettlement Policy and Entitlement Matrix
The project resettlement policy is formulated on the basis of the relevant resettlement policies of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Government as well as ADB.
5.6.1 House Demolishment Policy and Entitlement Matrix:
There is no house demolishment involved in the Baoqing subproject based on the latest design. The following policies will be complied with if the house demolishment happens due to design changing in future.
31 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
All affected houses will be compensated at the replacement price. In case the affected house is private, the affected family will be allotted a piece of land for new house plot, and obtain the payment for site leveling and on-site infrastructure. The affected families could build the new house themselves by use of compensation fund and original house materials. For vulnerable group, the village committee will assist them in house rebuilding. If the affected house belongs to farm, the farm will select a proper site to rebuild the house and allot them to those affected families. In addition, the affected households will receive the moving allowance.
Table 5.1 Entitlement Matrix of House Demolishment
Types Affected Compensation Policy Objects Rate
Demolished Affected Obtain house compensation as per displacement farm price and build new residence for employees Houses Obtain infrastructure investment of resettlement belong to area for its construction Affected Obtain move allowance farm employees Move to the new houses built by farm with same area and structure as their original houses Share every kinds of infrastructure in resettlement area built by farm Demolished Owner Receive the house compensation at replacement Houses value. belong to A new housing plot will be provided by the individual existing village free of charge Payment for site leveling and on-site infrastructure. For those vulnerable households, the village or farm will provide assistance in house rebuilding. Renter Obtain move allowance Sign agreement with owner and continue renting the new house.
5.6.2 Land Compensation & Rehabilitation Policy and Entitlement Matrix:
Based on compensation principle of replacement, the compensation for annual land loss will be the annual net income of farmland. First, conduct the detailed benefit and cost survey for main crops of farmland in project area. Second, calculate the net present value of annual net income of farmland. Finally, determine on farmland compensation rate. See Chapter 6 for details; the compensation rate of dry land is 2500 yuan/mu.
Based on the survey, it is understood that two affected villages have relatively high per-capita farmland after land re-adjustment within affected villages or groups. A “land for land” approach will be adopted to restore the production base. Qixinghe and Jiefang villages have plenty of lands outside the wetland reserve, which will be re-allocated to those land-losing households in order to restore their existing production bases, and thus ensure that the affected persons obtain adequate farmland of higher quality compared to before. Meanwhile the village will use part of the land compensation as a village
32 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County development fund3 to finance households to develop alternative livelihood schemes for increasing their incomes. The affected households will be given the priority to receive grants or credit from the village development fund. The remaining funds would be invested collectively, either on livelihood schemes or village infrastructure.
After sufficient consultation and participation with villagers, the affected villages will prepare a detailed village development plan for using the land compensation. The alternative livelihood schemes will need to be compatible with wetland protection, and any schemes that would potentially damage the wetland would be forbidden. The compensation funds would not be paid to the village until an acceptable village rehabilitation plan has been prepared, has majority of villager’s support, and passes environmental screening by the management of the NR.
Table 5.2 Entitlement Matrix of Land Compensation & Rehabilitation
Types Affected Policy Compensation rates objectives Obtain land compensation as per Dry land: 2500 yuan/ mu displacement price Affected Readjust land, so affected villagers can Village produce the same or higher output. Formulate detailed village development plan to develop alternative livelihood program for increasing the villagers’ income. Farmland Obtain replacement land by to wetland readjustment of land within the village restoration Affected Obtain training and employment Persons opportunities. The village will invest in alternative schemes to guarantee no reduction of incomes. Priority to obtain employment in alternative livelihood schemes or credit for household schemes.
5.6.3 Compensation Policy of Affected Ground Attachments
The project affected facilities and ground attachments will be compensated to their owners at replacement cost, the owners will restore them by use of compensation fund.
Based on above policy and local situation, a detailed analysis of the compensate rates were carried out in Chapter 6. In case of any dispute during project implementation, it will be solved based on consultation between PMO and affected persons.
3 The project proposes to set a mini mum of 30% for household-level alternative livelihood development.
33 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
6 Compensation Rates
The project resettlement policy is formulated on the basis of the relevant resettlement policies of the People’s Republic of China, Heilongjiang Provincial Government as well as ADB.
6.1 Compensation Rate for Farmland to Wetland Restoration
After farmland restoration to wetland, local community and farmers will permanently lose these lands. Therefore, the farmland to be restored should be fully compensated based on the land income losing. In order to calculate future losing of land, RP will adopt method of net present value (NPV) to count future opportunity benefit of land and finally determinate the compensation rate.
6.1.1 Cost-benefit Analysis of Farmland
According to the survey on the farmers who are planting in core zone of Qixinghe Nature Reserve, land in wetland is dry land with high altitude, only soybean can be planted there and yield is low. With high cost and low yield, net output value of land is low. See Table 6.1 for detail. In order to calculate total farmland losing, the contracting cost is not listed in plantation cost. Since contracting cost is income of village collective, it is also part of land losing after restoration.
Table 6.1 Cost and Benefit of Farmland in Core Zone of NR
Item Unit Dry land（planting soybean） Seedling yuan/ mu 25 Fertilizer yuan/ mu 27 Pesticide yuan/ mu 20 Cost Cost for machine yuan/ mu 60 Manpower yuan/ mu 20 Agricultural tax yuan/ mu 22 Sub-total yuan/ mu 174 Yield kg/ mu 100 Unit price yuan/kg 2.5 Benefit Production Value yuan/ mu 250 Net production value yuan/ mu 76 Data source: survey results of sampling households. Unit price of soybean is taken the highest selling price of farmer in market. Average price in one market cycle is 2.0 yuan/kg according to official data.
34 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
It can be seen from Table 6.1 that the net production value of soybean per mu is only 76 yuan. Main reason is the poor soil and frequently nature disaster in wetland core zone. Therefore the net benefit of these lands presently is obviously lower than that of the normal farmland. In order to count future opportunity benefit of land more fairly, the RP will adopt average net benefit of lands in Baoqing County instead of the land in core zone.
Based on data from Baoqing Agriculture Development Committee, planting area of all county in 2003 is 1420 thousand mu, of which soybean area accounts for 45.4%. See Table 6.2 and Figure 6.1 for detail.
Table 6.2 Planting Structure of Crops in Baoqing (2003)
Plant variety Planting area of the whole county（mu） Planting structure Wheat 11880 0.8% Soybean 644460 45.4% Corn 135645 9.6% Rice 139170 9.8% Red bean 4950 0.3% White melon 122145 8.6% Beet 48285 3.4% Toasted tobacco 32295 2.3% Irish Potato 78975 5.6% Melon 15075 1.1% Vegetable 40260 2.8% Earthnut 3240 0.2% Helianthus 29940 2.1% Others 113680 8.0% Total 1420000 100.0% Data source：Baoqing Agricultural Development Committee
35 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
helianthus vegetable earthnut 2. 1%others Wheat melon 0. 2% 2. 8% 0. 8% 1. 1% 8. 0% Irish potato
5. 6% Bean Toasted tobacoo 45. 4% 2. 3% beet whitemelon 3. 4% 8. 6% Red bean rice Corn 9. 8% 0. 3% 9. 6%
Figure 6.1 Planting Structure of Crops in Baoqing (2003) Since land affected by the project is dry land, and the crop is soybean, it is one of the crops with biggest planting area in the whole county. So it is necessary to analyze average cost and benefit of soybean. Table 6.3 shows average cost and benefit of soybean and grain crop. Same as Table 6.1, land contracting cost is not taken into consideration. From the table, the average net production value of normal soybean in the whole county is 122.5yuan annually, and obviously higher than that in wetland core zone.
Table 6.3 Cost and Benefit of Main Crops in Baoqing County
Soybean Rice Item Unit Wheat High Corn Normal Transplant Direct grease Tax on Yuan/ mu 22.9 22.9 22.9 23 37.9 37.9 agriculture Seedling Yuan/ mu 27.5 13.5 13 8.5 5.7 40.4 Fertilizer Yuan/ mu 33 22.7 31 38.3 42.2 32.1 Pesticide Yuan/ mu 3.2 5.6 6.3 3.8 10 17.4 Cost for Cost Yuan/ mu 40 57 49.9 68.8 81.1 82.5 machine Manpower Yuan/ mu 4.9 6.8 6.6 28.8 55.7 22.1 Cost for Yuan/ water and 21.3 15 mu power Sub-total Yuan/ mu 131.5 128.5 129.7 171.2 253.9 247.4 Output kg/ mu 284.3 129.3 134 442 508.2 385 Production value yuan/ mu 246.5 251 263 311 471.7 357.6 Net production value yuan/ mu 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Planting area of the whole 10000 13564 county 11880 644460 139170 mu 5
36 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Data source：Baoqing Agricultural Development Committee
6.1.2 Land Opportunity benefit Analysis
According to net average production value of the whole county, net present value is used to calculate land average opportunity benefit. it can be given by the equation：
(1+ i) n −1 NPV = A i(1+ i) n
Where NPV is net present value，A is annual net production value，i is internal rate of return (IRR).
In order to provide various schemes for determining the land compensation rate, 3%， 5%，7%，10% and 12% are taken as IRR respectively，calculation cycle takes 10years， 20 years，30 years，40 years，50 years，70 years and 100 years. Table 6.4 to Table 6.8 show various land future opportunity benefit with different internal rate of return.
37 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Table 6.4 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing (i=3%) i Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn ％ (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Value 3% 10 981.0 1044.9 1137.1 1192.5 1857.9 940.0 3% 20 1710.9 1822.5 1983.2 2079.9 3240.3 1639.5 3% 30 2254.1 2401.1 2612.7 2740.1 4269.0 2160.0 3% 40 2658.2 2831.6 3081.2 3231.4 5034.4 2547.2 3% 50 2958.9 3151.9 3429.8 3597.0 5603.9 2835.4 3% 70 3349.2 3567.6 3882.2 4071.5 6343.1 3209.4 3% 100 3633.9 3870.9 4212.1 4417.5 6882.2 3482.2
Table 6.5 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=5%）
I Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn ％ (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Value 5% 10 888.0 945.9 1029.3 1079.5 1681.8 850.9 5% 20 1433.2 1526.6 1661.2 1742.2 2714.3 1373.3 5% 30 1767.8 1883.1 2049.1 2149.1 3348.1 1694.0 5% 40 1973.3 2102.0 2287.3 2398.8 3737.2 1890.9 5% 50 2099.4 2236.4 2433.5 2552.2 3976.1 2011.8 5% 70 2224.4 2369.5 2578.4 2704.1 4212.8 2131.6 5% 100 2282.5 2431.4 2645.7 2774.7 4322.9 2187.2
38 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Table 6.6 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=7%）
I Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn ％ (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Value 7% 10 807.7 860.4 936.2 981.9 1529.7 774.0 7% 20 1218.3 1297.8 1412.2 1481.0 2307.4 1167.5 7% 30 1427.0 1520.1 1654.1 1734.8 2702.7 1367.5 7% 40 1533.1 1633.1 1777.1 1863.8 2903.6 1469.2 7% 50 1587.1 1690.6 1839.6 1929.3 3005.8 1520.8 7% 70 1628.4 1734.6 1887.6 1979.6 3084.1 1560.5 7% 100 1641.0 1748.0 1902.1 1994.8 3107.8 1572.5
Table 6.7 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=10%）
I Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn ％ (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Value 10% 10 706.6 752.7 819.1 859.0 1338.3 677.1 10% 20 979.1 1042.9 1134.9 1190.2 1854.3 938.2 10% 30 1084.1 1154.8 1256.6 1317.9 2053.2 1038.8 10% 40 1124.6 1197.9 1303.5 1367.1 2129.9 1077.7 10% 50 1140.2 1214.6 1321.6 1386.1 2159.4 1092.6 10% 70 1148.5 1223.4 1331.3 1396.2 2175.2 1100.6 10% 100 1149.9 1224.9 1332.9 1397.9 2177.8 1101.9
39 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Table 6.8 Average Future Opportunity benefit of the Farmland in Baoqing（i=12%）
I Calculation duration Soybean Rice Wheat Corn ％ (year) Normal High grease Transplant Direct Net production 115 122.5 133.3 139.8 217.8 110.2 Value 12% 20 859.0 915.0 995.7 1044.2 1626.8 823.1 12% 30 926.3 986.8 1073.8 1126.1 1754.4 887.7 12% 40 948.0 1009.9 1098.9 1152.5 1795.5 908.5 12% 50 955.0 1017.3 1107.0 1161.0 1808.7 915.2 12% 70 958.0 1020.5 1110.4 1164.6 1814.3 918.0 12% 100 958.3 1020.8 1110.8 1165.0 1815.0 918.3
40 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
6.1.3 Determination of Compensation Rate for Farmland restoration to Wetland
The yearly interest rate of the longest fixed deposit of commercial bank is about 3%，so IRR selected should be higher than 3% at least, however, average development rate of agriculture obviously lags behind those of other industries, and is lower than the average growth rate (about 7%) of national economy. Based on above analysis, IRR=5% is selected.
Based on the results of Table 6.5, the main crop planted on dry land is soybean. Taking 5% as IRR, 100 years as calculation duration, net present value for net production value of normal and high grease soybean are 2431.4 yuan/mu and 2635.7 yuan/mu respectively. Based on survey, planting area of normal soybean is larger than that of high grease soybean. According to weighted averages, compensation rate for dry land in the project is 2500 yuan/mu.
6.2 Compensation Rate for Affected Simple Thatched Shelters
The project will demolish or abandon 45 simple thatched shelters, which are located in wetland core zone. According to survey, the replacement cost of building one room of thatched shelter with 10 m2 is 650 yuan; its cost per square meter is 65 yuan/m2. See Table 6.9 for detail.
Table 6.9 Replacement Price Analysis of Simple Thatched Shelter
Unit：yuan/m2 Item Cost Bricks and its transportation cost 20 Timber 20 Labor cost 20 Thatch 5 Total 65
41 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
7 Rehabilitation and Income Restoration Measures
Based on survey, 6000 mu of farmland will be restored to wetland, and it involves 2 villages of 2 townships and one former state-owned enterprise, which are Qixinghe Village in Qixinghe Township, Jiefang Village in Qixingpao Town and Original Reed Company of Qaoqing County. Farmland restoration to wetland will affect 45 households with 167 persons, among which 39 households with 140 persons are residents in villages, and 6 households with 27 persons are employees in state-owned enterprise.
7.1 Resettlement Plan of Qixinghe Village
Qixinghe village is located in Qixinghe Township, 45 km away from Baoqing County site. There are 1039 households in the village with 3987 people. Among them, adult laborers account for about 40% of total population in the village. Total area of cultivated land is 22,712 mu. Main crop is soybean with yearly yield of 2,271,200 kg. According to the project design, 3100 mu of farmland will be restored to wetland, affecting 29 households in all. These 29 affected households have permanent houses in the village, but these houses will not be affected by project. They also have part of their lands for grain in the village; however they contract land in core zone of wetland. Since the lower temperature in wetland and early frost sometimes, it goes against the growth of crop and results in low yield. There is no guarantee for harvest to farmers due to flooding, so their benefits are poor. In addition, planting in core zone would do serious damage to wetland reserve. Therefore, whether from farmers’ self benefits, or from importance of wetland protection, farmland restoration to wetland is a great extremely urgent requirement.
Based on above analysis, affected proportion to the village of land requisition is 13.6%. But from quality of land for the project, the affected proportion is far less. The project affects 29 households with 98 APs in Qixinghe village. The proportion of affected households to all households in the village is only 2.8%. By comparing, it is clear that population proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland is far less than the area proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland. The main reason is that land to be restored is located in the core zone of NR with low yield. And cultivation in core zone is very hard due to lack of road access. So, when the village distributes land to contract, contracting land area per capita in wetland is 3 or 4 times than that of farmland around the village site. Although affected land quantity proportion is high, affected person and output loss proportion is far less.
42 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
The project will compensate the village collective for farmland to be restored at replacement price, which is 2500 yuan per mu of dry land. Then, after sufficient consultation with all villagers, the village committee will readjust land so that affected villagers can get farmland with same quantity and quality as other villagers. Qixinghe village collectively will get 7.75 million yuan of land compensation. The village will use land compensation fund as village development fund4 to finance the villagers to develop alternative livelihood programs for increasing the income of villagers. The affected households will be given the priority to receive grants or credit from the village development fund, and the remaining funds would be invested collectively, either on livelihood schemes or village infrastructure.
During implementation, after sufficient consultation and participation with villagers, Qixinghe village committee will make a detailed village development plan of using the land compensation fund. The alternative livelihood schemes will need to be compatible with wetland protection, and any schemes that would potentially damage the wetland would be forbidden. Training will also be provided for affected households that take up new livelihood schemes. The compensation funds would not be paid to the village until an acceptable village rehabilitation plan has been prepared, has majority of villagers support, and passes environmental screening by the management of the NR.
7.2 Resettlement Plan of Jiefang Village
Jiefang village is located in Qixingpao Town, 45 km away from Baoqing County site. There are 211 households in the village with 776 people. Among them, adult laborers account for about 55% of total population in the village. Total area of cultivated land is 7100 mu. The main crop is soybean with yearly yield of 710,000 kg. According to the project design, 905 mu of farmland will be restored to wetland，and it will affect 10 households of Jiefang village. These farmers have no lands in the village, and they all contract land in core zone of NR. Since the yield of land in core zone of wetland is low, and the farmland is far away from the village, the cost is rather high. So farmers almost have no net income from this farmland. Villagers realize the advantage of wetland protection, and expect it will bring ecological and economic benefits.
Based on above analysis, affected proportion to the village of land requisition is 12.7%. But from quality of land for the project, affected proportion is far less. The project affects 10 households with 42 APs in Jiefang village. The proportion of affected households to all
4 The Resettlement Framework has a target of at least 30% of compensation to be used as a village development fund.
43 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County households in the village is only 4.7%. By comparing, it is clear that population proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland is far less than the area proportion affected by farmland restoration to wetland. Main reason is that land to be restored is located in the core zone with low yield. And it is very hard for farmer to plant in core zone. So, when the village distributes land to contractors, contracting land area per capita in wetland is 3 or 4 times than that of farmland around the village site. Although affected land quantity proportion is high, affected person proportion is far less.
The project will compensate village collective for farmland to be restored at replacement price, which is 2500 yuan per mu of dry land. Then, after sufficient consultation with all villagers, the village committee will readjust land so that affected villagers can get farmland with same quantity and quality as other villagers. Jiefang village will get 2262.5 thousand yuan of land compensation. Meanwhile the village will use land compensation fund as village development fund to finance the villagers to develop alternative livelihood programs for increasing the income of villagers. The affected households will be given the priority to receive grants or credit from the village development fund, and the remaining funds would be invested collectively, either on livelihood schemes or village infrastructure.
During implementation, after sufficient consultation and participation with villagers, Jiefang village committee will make a detailed village development plan (including training plan) of using the land compensation fund. The alternative livelihood schemes will need to be compatible with wetland protection, and any schemes that would potentially damage the wetland would be forbidden. The compensation funds would not be paid to the village until an acceptable village rehabilitation plan has been prepared, has majority of villagers support, and passes environmental screening by the management of the NR.
7.3 Resettlement Plan of Original Reed Company
In April 2000, the Original Reed Company was converted to Qixinghe Nature Reserve Management Bureau. Among the former 94 cadres and employees, 50 are engaged in natural conservation management and 44 entered the tourism company of Nature Reserve Management Bureau to promote organic production and tourism development together with Environment Protection Technology Ltd. of Harbin Industry University. Some employees still engage in planting in Nature Reserve. The farmland restoration to wetland affects 6 households with 27 employees.
44 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Since the affected people are employees of Qixinghe Nature Reserve Management Bureau, it will be simple to formulate a plan for alternative livelihoods. After farmland restoration to wetland, the employees who were planting in the core zone will be arranged to work in the tourism company. Part of land compensation fund will be used to finance the affected employees to develop alternative livelihoods. Employees will not lose their jobs because of the project, and their income can be restored.
7.4 Compensation for Affected Ground Attachments
Farmland restoration to wetland will demolish or abandon 45 rooms of temporary simple thatched shelter with 450 m2 totally. According to survey, replacement cost of building one room of thatched shelter with 10 m2 is 650 yuan, and the project will pay for the owner at this replacement price. These affected simple thatched shelters are very tatty, which are temporary for farmers to live in during the farming seasons. The farmers own their permanent houses in their village. The simple thatched shelters will not be needed any more once the farmland restoration to wetland. The project will pay the compensation at replacement cost for their owners, the owners will rebuild in other place or demolish as per their needs.
45 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
8 Cost and Budget
All resettlement costs are included in the project general budget. At the price of February 2004, total cost of land acquisition and resettlement induced by the project is 16.3819 million yuan.
8.1 Total Cost
Table 8.1 Budget for Land Requisition and Resettlement
Item Unit Quantity Compensation Cost Rate (yuan/unit) (104 yuan) A. Land compensation for farmland mu 6000 1500.00 restoration to wetland Qixinghe Village mu 3100 2500 775.00 Jiefang Village mu 905 2500 226.25 Original Reed Company mu 1995 2500 498.75 B. Compensation of Simple thatched 2.93 shelters 2 Qixinghe village m 290 65 1.89 2 Jiefang Village m 100 65 0.65 2 Original Reed Company m 60 65 0.39 Subtotal of item A～B 1502.93 C. Resettlement Survey and Plan 1% 15.03 D. External M&E Cost 1% 15.03 E. Management Fee (including Internal 1% 15.03 M&E fee) F. Training 1% 15.03 G. Contingency 5% 75.15 Total cost 1638.19
8.2 Annual Investment Plan
Annual investment plan is compiled according to implementation schedule of land requisition and resettlement of the project. See Table 8.2 for annual investment plan of Baoqing County Wetland Conservation Project land requisition and resettlement.
46 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Table 8.2 Annual Investment Plan
Unit： 104 yuan
Simple thatched shelters Year Land Compensation Other costs Total Proportion compensation 2004 68.46 68.46 4.18% 2005 1050 2.93 13.36 1066.29 65.09% 2006 450 13.36 463.36 28.28% 2007 13.36 13.36 0.82% 2008 13.36 13.36 0.82% 2009 13.36 13.36 0.82% Total 1500 2.93 135.26 1638.19 100.00%
47 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
9 Schedule of Implementation
Table 9.1 provides a list of resettlement supervision milestones. The resettlement implementation schedule is tied to the wetland restoration schedule, which has not been detailed yet. These schedules will be formulated during the first year of the Project, with assistance from GEF consultants. The payment of compensation for will be made as early as possible, but always prior to the transfer of land and relocation of assets. This is not so critical because the land is only farmed during one season and the wetland restoration activities may take several years to complete. Nonetheless, alternative livelihood programs are encouraged to commence as early as possible. Once the village development plans are submitted and approved, the resettlement funds can be disbursed to the affected villages.
Table 9.1 Resettlement Activities Milestones
No. Resettlement Tasks Target Responsible Item Resettlement Task Target Responsible Deadline Status Agency
1. Information Disclosure
1.1 - Resettlement information 2 villages/ HPSPPMO, 5/30/2004 complete booklet reed company BCSPWPPO
1.2 - Review RP Baoqing HPSPPMO 5/15/2004 complete County
1.3 - Publish RP on ADB website HPSPPMO, 9/30/2004 ADB
2. Resettlement Plan & Budget
2.1 - Approval of resettlement HPFD 9/2/2004 approved plan and budget
2.2 - Detailed survey & update RP HPSPPMO 3/31/2005
2.3 - Baoqing County formulate Baoqing HPSPPMO 4/30//2005 detail budget County
3. Compensation Agreements
3.1 - Compensation agreement at 2 villages and Baoqing CRO 5/31/2005 village level reed company
3.2 - Households agreements 6/30/2005
4. Detailed Implementation Plan
4.1 - Village Development Plan Qixinghe and HPSPPMO 7/31/2005 Jiefang village
48 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Item Resettlement Task Target Responsible Deadline Status Agency
4.2 - Land resettlement plan Baoqing Baoqing 7/31/2005 County Government
4.3 - Training plan for APs APs Baoqing CRO 7/31/2005
5. Implementing Capacity Building
5.1 - project coordination office 6 employees HPSPPMO 1/30/2004
5.2 - staffing in local resettlement 2 clerks of Baoqing 1/30/2004 office Baoqing CRO Government
7 clerks of Baoqing CRO Town RO 2/30/2004
5.3 - employees training Concerned HPSPPMO / 3/31/2005 staff Baoqing CRO
6. Monitoring & Evaluation
6.1 - baseline survey APs M&E institute 3/31/2005
6.2 - establish internal monitoring As per RP HPSPPMO / 4/30/2005 Baoqing CRO
6.3 - sign contract with external As per RP HPSPPMO 1/31/2005 monitoring institution
6.4 - internal monitoring report Every quarter HPSPPMO 6/30/2005 1st report
6.5 - external monitoring report Every half year M&E institute 12/31/2005 1st report
7. Consultation Records As per RP HPSPPMO / Ongoing Baoqing CRO
8. Appealing Records As demanded Baoqing CRO Ongoing
9. Capital Flow/Compensation As per RP
9.1 - to HPSPPMO 20% of funds HPFD 3/31/2005
9.2 - to BCSPWPPO As per RP HPSPPMO 4/30/2005
9.3 - to affected villages As per RP Baoqing CRO 5/31/2005
9.4 - to affected families As per RP Baoqing CRO 6/30/2005
49 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
10 Organization
10.1 Implementation Organizations
The departments responsible for planning, implementation, management, and monitoring of resettlement activities involved in the project are:
Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Management Office (HPSPPMO) Baoqing County Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Leading Group (BCSPWPPLG) Baoqing County Sanjiang Plains Wetland Protection Project Office (BCSPWPPO) Shuangyashan Municipal Baoqing Qixinghe Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau5 （SMBQNRAB） Baoqing County Forestry Bureau (BCFB) Baoqing County Land Administrative Bureau (BCLAB) Qixinghe Township Government (QTSG) Qixingpao Town Government (QTG) Qixinghe Village Committee (QVC) Jiefang Village Committee (JVC) Heilongjiang Province Forestry Survey Design and Research Institute (HPFSDRI) External monitoring institution.
10.2 Responsibilities
10.2.1 HPSPPMO（Project Management Organization）
Organize to conduct practicality loss involved in requisition and demolition socioeconomic survey
5 On 29th, June, 2000, Heilongjiang Government approved to establish Shuangyashan Urban Baoqing Qixinghe National Leval Natural Conservation Area Administrative Bureau, which is institution at county level. （File【2000】120 compiled by Heilongjiang）
50 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Consult with departments and stipulate policies on requisition and demolition and resettlement Organize and coordinate the compilation of RP Make sure and coordinate the implementation of resettlement plan according to schedule of project construction Allocate resettlement funds to BCSPWPPO and supervise the utilization of fund Direct, coordinate and supervise the progress of RP Organize and carry out internal monitoring, determines which institution will carry out external monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities Review monitoring reports Prepare progress report and submit to development and innovation committee Coordinate to resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP.
10.2.2 BCSPWPPLG (Sub-project Leading Organization)
Organize and arrange declaration and implementation of sub-projects Coordinate organizations concerned during the construction of sub-projects Approve resettlement policies Coordinate the conflicts during the resettlement Examine and supervise schedule and results of resettlement.
10.2.3 BCSPWPPO（Sub-project Management Organization）
Establish resettlement office Organize to conduct practicality loss involved in requisition and demolition socioeconomic survey Apply for land usage planning permission and land usage permission to BCLAB. Consult with affected villagers and stipulate policies on requisition, demolition and resettlement Determine and coordinate the implementation of resettlement plan according to schedule of project construction Allocate resettlement funds to administrative bureau and supervise the utilization of fund Direct, coordinate and supervise the progress of RP Organize and carry out internal monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities Review monitoring reports
51 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Prepare progress report and submit to HPSPPMO Coordinate to resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP.
10.2.4 SMBQNRAB（Implementation Organization）
Establish Qixinghe Wetland Nature Reserve Resettlement Leading Group Conduct practicality loss involved in requisition and demolition of wetland protection sub-project and socioeconomic survey Consult with affected villagers and stipulate policies on requisition, demolition and resettlement Participate in compilation of RP Implement and execute RP Allocate resettlement funds to affected villages and villagers and supervise the utilization of village collective resettlement fund Organize and carry out internal monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities Prepare progress report and submit to BCSPWPPO Resolve the conflicts and issue encountered in the implementation of RP.
10.2.5 BCFB (Implementation Organization)
Participate in compilation of RP Implement and execute RP Organize and carry out internal monitoring and coordinate external monitoring activities Prepare progress report and submit to BCSPWPPO.
10.2.6 BCLAB (Management and Supervision Organization)
Carry out national related policies and regulations for requisition of project Participate in examining compensation rate for land acquisition and attachments Deal with approval procedures for land requisition Participate in socioeconomic survey Participate in compiling and examining resettlement action plan Issue land usage planning permission and land usage construction permission Issue Land Acquisition Notice
52 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
Direct, coordinate and supervise land acquisition and resettlement Assist to coordinate and resolve issues raised for resettlement in the process of land acquisition and transfer.
10.2.7 QTSG, QTG
Participate in socioeconomic survey Participate in compiling resettlement action plan and scheme Supervise and examine resettlement and income restoration activities at village level Be responsible for reporting advices and suggestions of displaced persons’ to superior departments.
10.2.8 QVC, JVC
Participate in socioeconomic survey and compilation of resettlement scheme Participate in compiling resettlement action plan Organize public consultation, and propagandize the policies of land acquisition and demolition Be responsible for readjustment and redistribution of remained land after requisition Organize displaced persons to carry out production and income restoration after land acquisition Be responsible for reporting advices and suggestions of displaced persons’ to superior departments Provide help to the household with difficulty.
10.2.9 HPFSDRI (Survey and Design Institution)
Reduce project effects through optimization of design Identify scale of land acquisition and demolition Assist to compile RP Supply consultation on data survey and handling.
10.2.10 External Monitoring Institution
Provide consultation in requisition and resettlement. An qualified independent monitoring institution will monitor on RP and the implementation of it in all aspects and submit independent monitoring and evaluation reports to HPSPPMO and ADB. Its responsibility will be explained in External Monitoring in detail.
53 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
10.3 Staffing
See Table10.1 for resettlement institutions staffing involved in the project. The resettlement institutions involved in the project are well staffed and with high quality. The average number of regular staff is 33. Total number of staff will reach to 81. There are smooth information channels.
Table10.1 Staffing of the Resettlement Institutions Involved in the Project
Professional Total Resettlement Workers number of Start Qualification of staff Institutions staff Time (person) (person) HPSPPMO 2 12 Civil servants, graduates 12 2002 BCSPWPPLG Governmental officials, Nov. 1 6 graduates 6 2002 BCSPWPPO Technician of wetland and April 2 8 forestry, graduates 8 2003 SMBQNRAB Civil servants, graduates4, April 6 9 trained people5 2003 BCFB April 2 4 Civil servants, graduates4 2003 BCLAB Nov. 2 4 Civil servants, graduates4 2003 QTSG Nov. 1 4 Country cadres 4 2003 QTG Nov. 1 4 Town cadres4 2003 QVC Nov. 2 6 Village cadres6 2003 JVC Nov. 2 6 Village cadres6 2003 HPFSDRI Nov. 6 12 Technician, graduates12 2003 External Aug. monitoring 6 6 Experts in resettlement 6 2004 institution Total 33 81
54 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
10.4 Organization Chart
HPSPWCPAO
BCSPWCPLG
External
monitoring HPFSDRI BCFB BCSPW BCLAB SUBQNCAA CPO B
QCG QTG
Qixinghe Jiefang
Affected Affected
Figure 10.1 Baoqing County Wetland Protection Project Resettlement Organization Chart
10.5 Measures for Strengthening Institutional Capacity
The PMO organized a training in February 2004 for the staff engaged in preparation of RP in respects of the resettlement policies of ADB, laws about land acquisition, theories and methods of socio-economic survey, etc. Over next stages the PMO will adopt the following measures to improve the capacities of the implementing agencies.
10.5.1 Training the Staff
Continue to organize trainings for the staff engaged in Resettlement in respects of the
55 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County resettlement policies of ADB, laws about land acquisition, cases analysis and simulation training, costs control and resources allocation to improve their professional quality and policy dealing skills.
10.5.2 Investigating ADB Projects
The PMO will organize the personnel who are engaged in the specific resettlement activities to go to investigate other projects financed from ADB to find out and study the resettlement policies and the specific implementation methods of the projects.
10.5.3 Establishing Management Information System (MIS)
Set up a MIS of resettlement, manage the data concerned using computers, enhance information feedback, and ensure information be transmitted smoothly from the top down and the bottom up to letting the provincial PMO make decisions on major issues.
10.5.4 Reinforcing Internal and External Monitoring
Enhance the report system and internal monitoring and solve the problems, if any, in time. In addition, the independent monitoring and evaluation should be enhanced and the independent monitoring and evaluation agency should point out the existing problems to the relevant authorities in time with the resolution proposals.
56 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
11 Participation, Disclosure, Grievance and Appeal Procedure
11.1 Participation and Disclosure
In order to establish relative policies, work out a good RP, minimize complaints and disputes, and accomplish the appropriate resettlement, a great deal of efforts have been made on increase participation and consultation by the APs during stages of preparation and implementation of the RP.
11.1.1 Public Participation in Project Preparation
In the stage of project preparation the feasibility study, time after time, BCSPWPPO and SMBQNRAB had asked Baoqing County Government, relative experts, and township governments and the representative villagers affected by the land acquisition for their suggestions, proposals and opinions on the schemes of construction, compensation and resettlement of the Project.
11.1.2 Public Participation in Socio-Economic Survey
During impacts investigation and socio-economic survey in February 2004, the affected villages heads and villagers had participated in the survey process, by discussing with survey team, confirming the survey results, and providing ideas and suggestions on compensation policies and rehabilitation approaches.
11.1.3 Plan for Participation
In the subsequent resettlement activities, the public participation and consultation will be encouraged through following procedures and measures.
1) Consultation Meetings
Three months before land acquisition, symposiums will be held with the participations of rural residents, village cadres and female representatives to collect their opinions and suggestions.
57 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
2) Public Meetings
A month before land acquisition and implementation of RP, public meetings should be held to explain relative policies, laws, compensation standards and resettlement schemes to the affected people so that they can make knowledge and arrangement early.
3) Participation of Village Cadres and APs Representatives in Land Acquisition and Resettlement
During the implementation, the village cadres and the AP representatives will participate in on site investigation and final determination of the quantity of land acquisition and in the consultation about compensation standards and resettlement scheme together with PMO and other relative authorities. Through democratic consultation, the villagers' committees will determine the land readjustment scheme, the compensation fee usage scheme, the land compensation fee investment and benefit distribution scheme and so on.
11.1.4 Disclosure
1) Publicize the policies about land acquisition and removal through the mass media including newspaper, radio and television.
2) Issue Bulletin about Land Acquisition. The major contents of the bulletin include the brief description of the Project, the scope of land acquisition, the resettlement policies (involving compensation standards), the responsible institutions, the schedule of land acquisition, the rights and duties of APs, grievance and appeal, monitoring and evaluation etc.
3) The RP will be finalized and sent to affected township governments, village committees and State Farms. A Resettlement Information Booklet was sent to affected villages and groups in May 2004.
4). Prior to implementation, the RP in Chinese and English will be prepared and sent to ADB PRCM in Beijing as well as ADB headquarter in Philippines.
58 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County
11.2 Complaints and Appeals
The project pays special attention to the APs participation throughout the compilation and implementation of RP, an open and effective procedure of grievance and appeal as follows will be established to avoid the occurrence of major grievances,
Stage１ If any AP or PAU is aggrieved by any aspect of the resettlement and rehabilitation program, they can lodge an oral or written grievance with township government directly. Those departments shall resolve the issue within two weeks. Township Government will found a grievance committee, and some of members should be villager representatives.
Stage２ If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision on stage 1, they can bring the complaint to the attention of SUBQNCAAB or BCFB after the receipt of the decision on Stage 1. Those Departments will make a decision on the complaint within two weeks.
Stage３ If the aggrieved person (unit) is not satisfied with the decision on stage 2, they can appeal to BCSPWCPLG after the receipt of the decision from project office and ask for administrative arbitration. Administrative arbitration organ will make a decision on arbitration within 2 weeks.
Stage４ If the AP or PAU is still dissatisfied with the decision on stage 3, they can appeal to the People’s Court in accordance with Civil Procedure Act after receiving administrative arbitration. AP or PAU can make an appeal for any aspect of the resettlement including compensation rate.
The APs will be informed about the above grievance and appeal procedure through holding meetings or other approaches to understand that they have the rights of grievance and appeal.
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12 Monitoring and Evaluation
In order to ensure the successful implementation of the RP and accomplish the objectives to achieve appropriate resettlement, monitoring and evaluation should be carried out for the implementation of resettlement in accordance with the requirement of the ADB resettlement policies. The monitoring is divided into two parts, the internal monitoring undertaken by the resettlement implementing agencies and the external monitoring by an independent monitoring agency.
The internal monitoring is undertaken by HPSPPMO, BCSPWPPLG, BCSPWPPO, BCFB and SMBQNRAB with the objectives to ensure all responsible entities to execute LAR conforming to the principal and schedule of the RP and to keep good performance in the implementation.
The independent monitoring and evaluation is done by an independent monitoring agency that will carry out regular monitoring and evaluation to the resettlement activities. The agency, approved by ADB and PMO, will undertake the independent monitoring of the Project in respects of (i) operation efficiency of the resettlement institution, (ii) implementation schedule of resettlement, (iii) compensation and restoration for the permanent and temporary land acquisition, and (iv) tracking investigation and analysis to the standards of production and livings of the APs. The M&E agency, being independent of the project, will inspect the whole implementation from an overall and long-term point of view. The M&E agency will track the resettlement activities of the Project to evaluate whether the implementation of resettlement (i) obeys the national laws related to LAR, (ii) conforms to the Involuntary Resettlement Policy of ADB, and (iii) restores or improves the standards of production and livings of the APs. The M&E agency will put forward proposals to PMO in time so that the problems taking place in the implementation of the resettlement can be solved as soon as possible.
12.1 Internal Monitoring and Supervision
PMO will develop an internal monitoring framework to supervise the resettlement activities. The PIUs will establish a relevant database on land acquisition, house demolition and resettlement. The database will contribute to the resettlement planning, and carrying out internal monitoring on the whole implementation process. Monitoring will be conducted quarterly as per ADB requirement, and internal monitoring report to be prepared and submitted to ADB.
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12.1.1 Implementation Procedures
During the implementation, the county PMO will be responsible for internal M&E, collect and record implementation information of displaced persons affected by land requisition, villagers affected by temporary occupation and resettlement and restoration of APs. They will keep record of the current activities in time to HPSPPMO, so as to have continuous monitoring, and regular reporting on the implementation schedule.
In the above monitoring system, smooth and continuous flow of information should be realized by filling up and reporting information table with fixed format from BCSPWPPO, BCFB, BCSPWCPO to HPSPPMO.
12.1.2 Indicators to be monitored
Compensation to APs Resettlement schedule Conformity with the policies and regulations of RP Participation and negotiation of APs during implementation Staffing, training, work schedule and effectiveness of the institutions.
12.1.3 Staffing
Staffing on resettlement and land requisition is explained in Chapter 10, see Table 12.1 for staffing responsible for monitoring and data processing.
Table 12.1 Staffing of Monitoring Implementation
Unit: person NO INTITUTIONS STAFF 1 BCSPWPPLG 1 2 BCSPWPPO 2 3 BCFB 1 4 SMBQNRAB 1
12.2 External Monitoring
External monitoring institution will be contracted by HPFB to carry out monitoring and evaluation activities based on survey data and records from the survey and design institute and information utilized by resettlement implementation organizations. The external monitoring cost is included in the Resettlement Framework, and will be used
61 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County to monitor all 6 projects.
12.2.1 Organization and Responsibility
HPSPPMO will invite universities and design institutes recognized by ADB as external monitoring institution. The institution will periodically monitor and evaluate the implementation of RP, and give advice and suggestions. See Appendix 1 for Outline of Independent Monitoring and Evaluation on Resettlement.
(1) Baseline survey
A baseline survey is carried out on the villages, Company and APs affected by land acquisition to obtain basic data about their living standards and production condition (including living, business and income). Living standards and production condition survey will be carried out one time for one year to follow the changes of APs’ production and living standard. Typical sampling survey (sampling households are taken out by random sample), visiting at random and observe on the spot are adopted to get necessary data, and statistical analyze on this for evaluation.
(2) Regular monitoring and evaluation
External monitoring institution carries out regular tracing monitoring on rehabilitation 2 times per year by survey on the spot, sampling household tracing survey and random discussion with APs. Monitoring indicators are as follows,
Payment and amount of compensation Training APs’ production and living level Schedule of abovementioned items APs’ social psychology Organization of rehabilitation.
(3) Public consultation
External monitoring institution attends public consultation meeting during compilation and implementation of RP. By doing these, the institution appraises the effects of public participation.
(4) Complaint
External monitoring institution often visits some places and goes deep into project office and implementation offices receiving complaint to ask the disposition of complaint issues, and also meets with complaining APs and provides measures and suggestions aiming at
62 Resettlement Plan of Baoqing County resolving problems so that implementation of rehabilitation is much more effective.
12.2.2 Procedures
Compiles outline for monitoring and evaluation Prepares survey outline, table of questionnaire Designs sampling scale and determines typical sampling households Carries out baseline survey Establishes monitoring and evaluation information system Conducts local socioeconomic survey Monitors resettlement implementation organization Monitors sampling residents Arranges monitoring data, establish database Conducts comparing analysis Develops monitoring and evaluation reports.
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13 Appendix 1 Outline of External Monitoring and Evaluation on
Resettlement
13.1 Objectives of Monitoring and Evaluation
According to the requirements of ADB resettlement policies, external monitoring and evaluation on resettlement of Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project is carried out, comparing and analysis of changing conditions of displaced persons’ living and production and rehabilitation induced by land acquisition, through checking the process, fund, management of land acquisition and resettlement, follow-up evaluation on land acquisition and resettlement. While reports are submitted to ADB, HPSPPMO and related superior departments regularly (2 times/year), information and suggestions are provided, which is the reference to decision of related departments. Through external monitoring and evaluation, ADB and project departments in charge can have a well know about whether land acquisition and resettlement is achieved on schedule and with stipulated quality, and problems will be brought forward, and suggestion for improvement will be put forward.
13.2 Contents of Monitoring and Evaluation
(1) M&E on Progress of Land Acquisition and House Demolition
Including:①progress of land acquisition; ②progress of temporary land occupation; ③ progress of project affects.
(2) M&E on Fund Fulfillment and Utilization
Including: ①fulfillment condition of fund transfer; ②Utilization condition of fund (plan and actual)
(3) M&E on Displaced persons’ Living Condition
Including: ①displaced persons’ living and production condition before resettlement; ② displaced persons’ living and production condition after resettlement; ③contrast analysis and evaluation of displaced persons’ employment and living condition before-and-after resettlement.
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13.3 Technical Method
See Figure A.1 for external M&E technical method.
13.4 External Monitoring Institute
External M&E on resettlement of the project is undertaken by external M&E agency, which should be entrusted by HPSPPMO and approved by ADB.
13.5 Institutional Framework of Monitoring and Evaluation
HPSPPMO entrusts external M&E institute to be responsible for specific survey, data collection of M&E by PMO, then calculate and analyze it, and examine the results. External M&E institute form Resettlement M&E Group of Heilongjiang Province Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection Project, whose task is that, under the directions of project officer of ADB, carry out M&E on resettlement, and take charge of compiling M&E outline, establish monitoring site, and preside over on-spot survey and inside analysis, and take charge in compiling resettlement M&E reports. PMO provides cooperation of staff and transportation etc. during resettlement M&E group carries out on-spot survey.
13.6 Methods of Monitoring and Evaluation
The method of combination of on-spot survey, calculating analysis and experts comprehensive evaluation is adopted. The survey method of combination of spot and side is employed. Comprehensive survey on process, fund and institute and management etc of resettlement is conducted. Sampling survey on the resettled households is conducted. Method of classified stochastic sampling etc is adopted in survey, and spot follow-up survey on typical resettled households is conducted. Sampling proportion: 20% displaced households induced by farmland restoration to wetland. Methods of survey sheet, interview, inquiring files and documents etc are employed in comprehensive survey. Besides letter data, information such as pictures, records, kinescope and practicality etc should be collected.
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Project Approval
Compiling M&E Guide
Compiling survey outline, survey sheet, samples, sample register card
Designing sample survey
baseline
Establish M&E management information system
Monitoring survey
Regional Monitoring on Monitoring on Monitoring on Monitoring on socio-economic resettlement displaced villages involved displaced survey implementing households of in farmland households by agencies farmland restoration to demolition restoration to wetland wetland
Clean up monitoring data and set up database
Evaluation on comparative analysis
Compiling M&E report
Whether M&E is over?
Completed
Figure A.1 External M&E Technical Method
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13.7 Schedule of External M&E on Resettlement
October 2005, set up independent resettlement M&E group, and compile work outline.
October 2005, do independent resettlement M&E preparation well, including, compiling survey outline and sheet, set up monitoring system, and nail down tasks and choose monitoring sites.
November 2005, conduct baseline survey. first monitoring, submit No.1 M&E report. (By the end of January the next year)
June 2006, second monitoring, submit No.2 M&E report. (By the end of July)
November 2006, third monitoring, submit No.3 M&E report. (By the end of July)
June 2007, fourth monitoring, submit No.4 M&E report. (By the end of Jan. next year)
November 2007, fifth monitoring, submit No.5 M&E report. (By the end of July)
November 2008, sixth monitoring, submit No.6 M&E report. (By the end of Jan. next year)
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