Appendix G.21 Brown Passage Subtidal Survey
Brown Passage Subtidal Survey
Pacific NorthWest LNG Limited Partnership
Prepared for: Pacific NorthWest LNG Limited Partnership Oceanic Plaza, Suite 1900 – 1066 West Hastings Street Vancouver, BC V6E 3X1
Prepared by: Stantec Consulting Ltd. 4370 Dominion Street, 5th Floor Burnaby, BC V5G 4L7 Tel: (604) 436-3014 Fax: (604) 436-3752
December 12, 2014
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Table of Contents
ABBREVIATIONS ...... III
GLOSSARY ...... IV
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1.1
2.0 STUDY AREA...... 2.2
3.0 FIELD STUDIES ...... 3.2 3.1 METHODS ...... 3.2 3.2 RESULTS ...... 3.4 3.2.1 Study Area 1 ...... 3.5 3.2.2 Study Area 2 ...... 3.7 3.2.3 Study Area 3 ...... 3.9 3.2.4 Study Area 4 ...... 3.10 3.3 DISCUSSION ...... 3.11
4.0 CLOSURE ...... 4.12
5.0 REFERENCES...... 5.13
6.0 FIGURES ...... 6.14
LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1 Observations of Species at Risk and Habitat-forming Species by Study Area ...... 3.5
LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 PNW LNG Project Areas Brown Passage Disposal Site Location ...... 6.15 Figure 2 Predicted Cumulative Sediment Deposition Used to Select the Study Areas for the Brown Passage Subtidal Survey...... 6.16 Figure 3 Study Areas and Transect Locations for the Brown Passage Subtidal Survey, Overlaid with Predicted MOF Sediment Deposition ...... 6.17 Figure 4 Substrate, Brown Passage ...... 6.18 Figure 5 Substrate, Brown Passage ...... 6.19 Figure 6 Fish Family Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.20 Figure 7 Fish Family Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.21 Figure 8 Crab and Shrimp Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.22 Figure 9 Crab and Shrimp Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.23 Figure 10 Invertebrate Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.24 Figure 11 Invertebrate Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.25 Figure 12 Sponge Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.26 Figure 13 Sponge Distribution - Brown Passage ...... 6.27
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LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A ...... A.1 Table A-1: Location and Length of Subtidal ROV Transects ...... A.1
APPENDIX B ...... B.1 Table B-1: Number of Individuals Observed per 100 m During the Subtidal Survey At and Near the Brown Passage Disposal Site ...... B.1 Table B-2: Summary of Species Recorded as Percent Cover, Observed During The Subtidal Survey At and Near the Brown Passage Disposal Site ...... B.1
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Abbreviations
ASL ASL Environmental Sciences Inc.
CRA Commercial, recreational and aboriginal
COSEWIC Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada
EA Environmental Assessment
EC Environment Canada
EIS Environmental Impact Statement/Environmental Assessment
GIS Geographic Information Systems km Kilometer
LED Light Emitting Diode m Meter
MOF Materials Off-Loading Facility nm Nautical Mile
PNW LNG Pacific NorthWest LNG
ROV Remotely-Operated Vehicle
SARA Species At Risk Act
Spp Species
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Glossary
Disposal At Sea Disposal of waste and other matter at sea
Dredging Underwater excavation activity
Fauna All animal life at a particular region or time
Flora All plant life at a particular region or time
Sessile Immobile animal species
Substrate The surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or obtains its nourishment
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Introduction December 12, 2014
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Pacific NorthWest LNG Limited Partnership (PNW LNG) has proposed to build a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant on Lelu Island, near Port Edward, British Columbia (BC). The Pacific NorthWest LNG Project (the Project) development will include marine infrastructure and construction activities that have the potential to impact the marine environment, including dredging and subsequent disposal at sea of dredged sediment during construction.
Through the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) review process, the PNW LNG working group recommended further characterization of species and habitats present at the previously-used Brown Passage disposal site (the disposal site), as many marine species are of commercial, recreational and cultural value to Aboriginal and various other user groups. To supplement existing data, a subtidal survey using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was conducted at and near the disposal site in July 2014.
The EIS described potential dredging activities at both the materials off-loading facility (MOF) and LNG carrier berth to enable safe navigation of vessels into these areas. The project plan outlined in the EIS included a total of 7,615,000 m3 of dredged material requiring disposal: 615,000 m3 from the MOF and 7,000,000 m3 from the LNG carrier berth area. Since the implementation and completion of this subtidal survey, the project design has been altered, with dredging at the LNG carrier berth area no longer required for project construction. Dredged material from the MOF, now estimated to be less than 200,000 m3 in volume, is still proposed for disposal at the Brown Passage disposal site. The site is located approximately 30 km northwest of Lelu Island, extending in a 0.5 nautical mile (nm) radius from the center point of 54°18.50 N, 130°45.50 W (Figure 1). This site has been used seven times for disposal at sea since it was first used in 1982, with the most recent disposal event occurring in 2006/2007.
In Section 13.5 of the EIS and Section 5.0 of the “Follow-Up Report on Sediment and Water Quality Associated with Construction of the Terminal Berth Area” (Stantec 2014a), effects to marine organisms and habitats at and near the previously-used Brown Passage disposal site were predicted to be temporary and localized, based on the information used to characterize habitats and species use of the site, in addition to sediment dispersion modelling results. The majority of mobile and pelagic marine organisms are expected to avoid the affected area during disposal events, while benthic organisms are expected to recolonize deposition areas relatively rapidly, as deposited material is predicted to be similar to substrates of existing habitats. As stated the EIS, the potential residual effects on marine fish and fish habitat are expected to be not significant.
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Study area December 12, 2014
2.0 STUDY AREA
The extent of the survey area was determined based on sediment dispersion modelling conducted by ASL Environmental Sciences Inc. (ASL) in support of the EIS (Stantec 2014a, Appendix C). At the time of study design for this subtidal survey, dredging for the LNG carrier berth area was still a component of the project design. To determine study areas for the subtidal survey, final sediment deposition predicted at the disposal site following disposal of sediments dredged from the MOF, was overlaid with the sediment deposition predicted at the disposal site following disposal of sediments dredged from the LNG carrier berth area to provide an estimate of cumulative sediment deposition (Figure 2). This cumulative deposition area was used to develop the study design boundaries and develop siting criteria for the subtidal transects. The survey area was divided into four study areas, based on the final predicted accumulation of sediment deposition from disposal events (Figure 2).
A limited amount of historical data describes substrate, flora and fauna present at and near the Brown Passage disposal site. An assessment of marine effects for the Fairview Phase II Project indicated that some fisheries overlap occurred with Brown Passage although it indicated that effort/catch was lower for the disposal site when compared to adjacent areas. The Fairview report indicated that several important species were likely present including Dungeness crab, tanner crab, Pandalus shrimp and other demersal fish (Stantec 2009). In 2011, Environment Canada (EC) conducted a subtidal survey of two transect lines within the disposal site. The EC survey indicated the area consisted of soft bottom substrates with no rocky outcrops suitable for glass sponges, cold water corals, rockfish or other species of conservation concern. A literature review was conducted to collect any other publicly available information regarding species or habitats present within Brown Passage. These results further indicate the area was composed of predominantly soft sediments with some species use by salmon for migration, the potential for moderate abundance of herring, eulachon, dogfish, various flatfish species and Pandalus shrimp. There was low potential for pacific cod, blackcod, rockfish, sand lance, surf smelt, crab species and most bivalves due to insufficient habitat characteristics and the deep depth (Stantec 2014b). The closest observation of habitat-forming reef sponges was 8,971 m northeast the disposal site (PRGT 2014). 3.0 FIELD STUDIES
3.1 METHODS
Four study areas were defined based on the depth of sediment deposition expected from the predicted cumulative deposition (from disposal of both MOF and LNG carrier berth area sediments). Study area 1 (SA-1) was defined as the area predicted to accumulate a total sediment deposition of more than 2 cm. The deposition depth of 2 cm was selected based on the expected presence of spot prawns in the area, and their predicted sensitivity to sediment
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Field Studies December 12, 2014 depositions greater than 2 cm (Nicholls 2009). This area (SA-1) was bounded by what was termed the ‘deposition contour of ecological significance’ (Figure 2). Study area 2 (SA-2) encompassed the area predicted to accumulate between 1 and 2 cm of sediment deposition, while study area 3 (SA-3) was predicted to accumulate less than 1 cm of sediment deposition. The area outside the cumulative deposition area was deemed study area 4 (SA-4), and was included in the survey area to provide additional information on habitats and species present in the greater Brown Passage area that were not expected to be affected by operations at the disposal site. The design mitigation to eliminate dredging at the LNG carrier berth area and subsequent disposal of 7,000,000 m3 of sediment at the disposal site greatly reduced the expected sediment dispersal resulting from disposal operations at the Brown Passage disposal site. When comparing the sediment dispersion modelling results for disposal of just material dredged from the MOF to the cumulative sediment deposition areas used to design this subtidal survey, SA-1 and SA-2 are the only areas surveyed that are expected to accumulate any measurable depth of sediment deposition (Figure 3). This assumption is also conservative, since sediment dispersion of material dredged from the MOF was modelled for a sediment volume of 615,000 m3; dredging and disposal of sediments from the MOF is now expected to consist of less than 200,000 m3 of material.
A total of 12 transects were included in the study design, with three subtidal transects included in each study area (Figure 3). Each transect was composed of three segments arranged in a triangle, with the ends of two segments overlapping (Figure 3, inset). The survey depth for all transects was between 150 and 200 m chart datum (CD). A complete list of transect start and end points, as well as transect lengths are provided in Appendix A-1.
The ROV and its handling were customized to obtain the most informative footage possible. Typical flight speed was 0.3 m/s and the ROV was generally less than 0.5 m above the seabed due to poor visibility throughout the area. Each video frame was stamped with a GPS position (latitude/longitude), date and time. Five high intensity and three variable intensity white light- emitting diode (LED) lights were mounted on the ROV frame to provide illumination. Two cameras, a fixed wide angle and one close-up zoom, were used to film the seafloor and organisms encountered. The ROV was fitted with parallel scaling lasers mounted 20 cm apart to allow for accurate size estimation of organisms and objects when reviewing video footage.
Video footage from each transect was reviewed following the completion of surveys and species and habitat types were determined and recorded by trained biologists. Specifically, the substrate type, as well as species of flora and fauna observed, was recorded for all transect video. Transect lines plotted in figures reflect a line of best fit for the GPS tracking data from each transect. Based on video observations, the density of species observed was calculated per 100 m. In cases where individuals could not effectively be counted, percent cover of the species was estimated.
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Substrate types were categorized as:
Soft bottom Soft bottom with woody debris Soft bottom with shell Mixed bottom Mixed bottom with woody debris Hard bottom Hard bottom with woody debris Woody debris Anthropogenic.
The subtidal survey was carried out by Ocean Dynamics Inc. and Stantec from July 26 to 31, 2014, using a Seaeye Falcon ROV (Photos 1 and 2). All data collected from video footage was mapped using geographic information system (GIS) software.
Photo 1 Seaeye Falcon ROV on the Boat Photo 2 Seaeye Falcon ROV Surfacing
3.2 RESULTS
Substrate type, flora and fauna results are outlined for each of the four study areas. Three transects were flown in each study area: SA-1 includes T01 to T03, SA-2 includes T04 to T06, SA-3 includes T07 to T09 and SA-4 includes T10 to T12. A total of 53.3 km of transect length were surveyed; approximately 11.1 km of transect length covered areas within the disposal site (most of transects T01, T02, and T03), while 42.2 km of transect fell outside of this 1 nm area.
The results are subdivided into sections describing substrate, flora, and fauna. No flora species were observed along any transects within SA-1, SA-2 or SA-3; transects in these areas were at substantial depth with little to no light penetration. Table 3-1 describes all species observed during the subtidal survey that are listed under the Species At Risk Act or with the Committee on Endangered Wildlife in Canada, as well as habitat forming species of cultural and ecological
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Field Studies December 12, 2014 importance. In addition, a complete list of species observed, with corresponding count and density data, is provided in Appendix B-2. Observations of species at risk, in addition to habitat- forming species of cultural or ecological importance are summarized in Table 3-1.
Table 3-1 Observations of Species at Risk and Habitat-forming Species by Study Area
Study Area Species At Risk Observed in this Study Area Habitat-forming Species of Cultural or Ecological Importance1 SA-1 None observed Cloud Sponge (Aphrocallistes vastus) Sharp-lipped Boot Sponge (Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni)
SA-2 Canary Rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) 3 Cloud Sponge (Aphrocallistes vastus) Quillback Rockfish (Sebastes maliger) 3 Eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus)4
SA-3 Canary Rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) 3 Cloud Sponge (Aphrocallistes vastus) Quillback Rockfish (Sebastes maliger) 3
SA-4 Quillback Rockfish (Sebastes maliger) 3 Cloud Sponge (Aphrocallistes vastus) Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus)2,4 Sharp-lipped Boot Sponge (Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni) Sugar Kelp (Laminaria saccharina) Notes: 1 Species noted here are consistent with those used as indicators in the EIS, and includes habitat-forming species and those of cultural or ecological importance. 2 “Schedule 1” status assigned under the Species at Risk Act (SARA) 3 “Threatened” status assigned by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) 4 “Special Concern” status assigned by the COSEWIC
3.2.1 Study Area 1
3.2.1.1 Substrate
Two substrate types were observed in SA-1: soft bottom and soft bottom with shell (Figure 4 and Figure 5). Soft bottom was the most abundant substrate observed along all three transects. Soft bottom with shell was limited to small regions of T03. Very limited amounts of boulder and cobble were present. Depths were relatively deep, ranging from 137 to 288 m.
3.2.1.2 Fauna
3.2.1.2.1 Fish Fourteen species of fish from six families were observed in SA-1 (Figure 6 and Figure 7). Ratfish (Hydrolagus colliei) were the most common fish species observed in the area, with an average density of 4.24 individuals per 100 m. Ratfish were seen along all three transects, usually swimming a few meters above the sea floor.
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Halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepsis), rock sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata), rex sole (Glyptocephalus zacharius), Dover sole (Microstomus pacificus), and English sole (Parophyrus vetulus) were among the species of right-eye flounders (Pleuronectidae) observed in SA-1. Rock sole and halibut were the most frequently observed species and were found along all three transects in relatively low densities.
Three species of cod (Gadidae) were observed in low numbers along all three transects. Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) and Pacific tomcod (Microgadus proximus) were observed in two out of the three transects, and walleye pollock (Microgadus proximus) was observed in one transect. Other species observed in relatively low abundance included leister sculpin (Enophrys lucasi) and longnose skate (Raja rhina).
One tiger rockfish (Sebastes nigrocintus) and one silvergray rockfish (Sebastes brevispinis) were observed in SA-1, swimming over areas of soft substrate.
3.2.1.2.2 Crabs and Shrimp Pandalus shrimp (Pandalidae) were the most common species from the phylum Arthropoda observed in SA-1, with an average density of 3.4 individuals per 100 m. Pacific prawn (Pandalus platyceros) was the only prawn species that could be effectively identified. Two brown box crabs (Lipholithodes formaminatus), four hermit crabs (Pagarus spp) and one unidentified crab were also observed Figure 8 and Figure 9).
3.2.1.2.3 Other Invertebrates Invertebrate fauna from six phyla were observed along all transects of SA-1(Figure 10 and Figure 11). Of these phyla, Echinodermata was the most diverse, with a total of 22 species of sea star, 3 species of urchin, and 2 species of sea cucumber observed within this area. Brittle stars (Opiura sarsii) were the most abundant of the Echinoderms, densely covering the seafloor of transects T01 and T03. Due to their abundance and small size, enumerating individual brittle stars was not feasible and they were classified as ‘abundant’. Vermillion stars (Mediaster aequalis) and blood stars (Henricia leviuscula) were relatively common, with average densities of 1.0 and 1.1 individuals per 100 m along T01 and T03, respectively. All other Echinodermata species observed had average densities of less than1 individual per 100 m.
Several Mollusca, Cnidaria and Tunicata species were found throughout SA-1. Although relatively common in the area, with an average density of 2.0 individuals per 100 m, Pectinidae scallops were primarily found in T01 and T03. Other Mollusca observed included nudibranchs (Nudibranchia), octopuses (Octopodidae), and whelks (Neptunea spp). Hydroids (Sertulariidae) were common throughout the soft bottom substrate of T01 and T03. Of the Cnidaria species, sea whips (Hapipteris willemoesi) were most abundant, with an average density of 2.2 individuals per 100 m relatively evenly distributed among the three transects. Crimson anemones, the most common of the five anemones observed, were noted at densities of 0.9 individuals per 100 m. Hydrocorals, hydroids, and jellies were observed throughout the area in low numbers. Sea vases (Ciona savignyi) were relatively common in T01 and T03, with an average density of 3.7 individuals per 100 m across the two transects. Feather-duster Sebellidae tubeworms were the
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Field Studies December 12, 2014 most common of the Annelida species, and were especially frequent in T01, with a density of 10.3 individuals per 100 m compared to an overall average density of 4.3 individuals per 100 m for all transects in SA-1. These tubeworms were most frequently found on soft bottom substrate throughout the entire depth range of the area. By contrast, calcareous Serpulidae tubeworms were observed less frequently, on the limited rocky substrates found in SA-1.
Individual developing cloud sponges (Anthrocallistes vastus) were observed along all three transects within SA-1. Larger, more defined cloud sponge structures, present as single, non- reefing individuals, were observed at an average density of 12.1 individuals per 100 m, across all depths on primarily soft bottom and soft bottom with shell substrates. Other siliceous sponges (Hexactinellida), including sharp-lipped boot sponge (Rhabdocalyptus dawsoni), and demosponges, including spiny tennis ball sponge (Craniella spinosa), tough yellow branching sponge (Syringella amphispicula), rough scallop sponge (Myxilla increstans), and encrusting sponges were also observed in low abundance (Figure 12 and Figure 13).
3.2.2 Study Area 2
3.2.2.1 Substrate
Transects T04, T05, and T06 of SA-2 were comprised almost entirely of soft bottom substrate, with exception of a few areas of hard bottom substrate in T04 (Figure 4 and Figure 5). Anthropogenic cables were observed at the east side of T06. Depths ranged from 96 to 202 m.
3.2.2.2 Fauna
3.2.2.2.1 Fish Study area 2 was the most diverse area for fish assessed during the subtidal survey, comprising 21 species from 10 families (Figure 6 and Figure 7). Ratfish were the most abundant fish species observed in SA-2, with an average density of 3.9 individuals per 100 m. Halibut was more abundant in SA-2 than the other study areas, but still had a relatively low density of less than1 individual per 100 m. Other right-eyed flatfish, including rock sole, English sole, and slender sole were also observed in low densities.
The only observation of eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) throughout the subtidal survey was in T06 of SA-2. On one occasion, a school of approximately 20 eulachon was observed, with two additional observations of individual eulachon along T06. Other bottom-dwelling fish were observed in low densities (less than 1 individual per 100 m) including skates (Rajidae), eelpouts (Zoarcidae), pricklebacks (Stichaeidae), spinyhead sculpin (Dsycottus setiger), at least three species of cod (Gadidae), and juvenile snailfish (Scorpaeniform). Five species of rockfish were observed in SA-2 in areas of hard substrate and rocky outcrops, including quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger), canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger), copper rockfish (Sebastes caurinus), and greenstriped rockfish (Sebastes elongastus).
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3.2.2.2.2 Crabs and Shrimp Pandalus shrimp were the dominant Arthropoda species in the SA-2, with an average density of 11.1 individuals per 100 m. Pandalus shrimp were found along all three transects on soft bottom substrates over the entire depth range of the area. The Pacific prawn was the only species that could be effectively identified. Crab species observed included hermit crabs and two unidentified crabs (Figure 8 and Figure 9).
3.2.2.2.3 Other Invertebrates Six phyla of invertebrates (other than crab and shrimp) were observed in SA-2 (Figure 10 and Figure 11). Those from the family Echinodermata were most diverse, with 19 sea star species, 1 urchin species, 1 sea cucumber species, and feather stars observed. Brittle stars were abundant on the seafloor along T04, but were not present in the other transects. Giant California sea cucumbers (Parastichopus californicus) were relatively abundant in T04, with 5.3 individuals per 100 m, but were not observed along the other transects. Vermillion stars were relatively common, with an average of one individual per 100 m. All other species were seen at frequencies of less than1 individual per 100 m. Annelida worms, calcareous Serpulidae and feather duster Sabellidae tubeworms were also observed in small numbers.
In total, 12 species from Cnidaria, Mollusca, and Tunicata were observed throughout the area. Of the Cnidarians, sea whips were the most abundant, with an average density of 18.0 individuals per 100 m, the highest abundance observed in any of the subtidal survey areas. Sea whips were observed on soft substrate throughout the entire depth range. Pink gorgonians (Calcigorgia sciculifera) were observed on the mixed and hard bottom substrate of T04 at 6.1 percent cover per 100 m, but were not seen anywhere else in the area. Giant plumose anemones (Metridium farcimen) were relatively common in T04 as well, with a density of 4.5 individuals per 100 m. Crimson anemones (Cribrinopsis fernaldi), cross jellyfish (Earleria cellularia), moon jellyfish (Aurelia labiata), hydroids and orange sea pens (Ptilosarcus gurneyi) were observed in low numbers throughout SA-2. Of the Mollusca species, Pectinidae scallops were observed most frequently, primarily in T04, at a density of 3.7 scallops per 100 m. Octopuses, (including giant Pacific octopus, Enteroctopus dofleini), stubby squid (Rossia pacifica), and nudibranchs were also observed. Sea vases were observed in T04 only, with 4.2 individuals per 100 m, and were the only Tunicata species present.
The highest abundance of cloud sponge observed within the subtidal survey area was in T04 of SA-2, with a density of 25.0 percent cover per 100 m. Both developing cloud sponge aggregations and developed individuals were seen. Within SA-2, all sponge species observations (aside from cloud sponges) were restricted to T04. These included siliceous sharp-lipped boot sponge, and several species of demosponge including tough yellow branching sponge, and encrusting sponge. In areas of hard bottom substrate (boulder and cobble), encrusting sponge was observed in densities of 2.3 percent cover per 100 m (Figure 8 and Figure 9).
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3.2.3 Study Area 3
3.2.3.1 Substrate
Transects T07, T-08 and T09 of SA-3 were comprised primarily of soft bottom substrate with small areas of hard bottom, mixed bottom and soft bottom with shell substrates (Figure 4 and Figure 5). Depths ranged from 89 to 225 m. An unknown anthropogenic object was observed in T09.
3.2.3.2 Fauna
3.2.3.2.1 Fish In SA-3, 18 fish species from 9 families were observed, with pricklebacks being the most abundant (Figure 6 and Figure 7). Although pricklebacks were seen in both T07 and T08, their abundance was much higher in T07, with an average density of 15.6 individuals per 100 m throughout the 89 to 128 m depth range. Some individuals could be effectively identified as snake pricklebacks, but not all pricklebacks could be identified down to a species level.
Yellowtail rockfish (Sebastes flavidus) were observed in relatively high numbers, with a density of 2.6 individuals per 100 m along T07. Yellowtail rockfish were generally observed in schools, with some single individuals swimming nearby. Two schools were observed in T07, with estimated sizes of 17 and 50 individuals. Most yellowtail rockfish were observed along T07, either on areas of hard or mixed bottom substrate or in areas of rocky outcrop. At least five other species of rockfish were observed in the area, including canary rockfish, greenstriped rockfish, quillback rockfish, and silvergrey rockfish, which were observed in low numbers along T07 and T08. No rockfish were observed in T09, an area primarily composed of soft bottom substrate.
Right-eye flounders were represented by at least four species observed across all three transects in relatively low numbers, with halibut and rock sole being the most common. Ratfish, skates, eelpouts (Zoarcidae), sculpins (Cottidae), lingcod (Ophiodon elongastus), along with at least three species of cod were observed in low numbers throughout the area.
3.2.3.2.2 Crabs and Shrimp Four species of the family Arthropoda were observed in SA-3; more than at any other area of the subtidal survey area (Figure 8 and Figure 9). Pandalus shrimp were the most abundant organism in SA-3, with an average density of 59.7 individuals per 100 m; the highest density of any organism observed in any of the subtidal survey areas. Pandalas shrimp were observed in all three transects, but most frequently in T07, with a density of 123.2 individuals per 100 m. Pandalas shrimp were mostly commonly observed on soft bottom substrate and throughout the entire depth range of the area. Tanner crabs (Chionoecetes bairdi) squat lobsters (Munida quadrispina), and hermit crabs were observed in low numbers
3.2.3.2.3 Other Invertebrates Several other species of invertebrates were observed throughout the SA-3 (Figure 10 and Figure 11). Phylum Echinodermata was most diverse, with ten species of sea star, one species of sea cucumber, three species of urchin, feather stars and hydroids observed. All Echinodermata
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Field Studies December 12, 2014 species were found in densities of less than1 individual per 100 m. Mollusca were observed in low numbers, and included nudibranchs, octopuses and scallops. A single sea vase and low numbers of Serpulidae tubeworms were also observed.
Both the number of species and density of sponges observed were lower in SA-3 than any other study area (Figure 12 and Figure 13). Cloud sponges were observed in T07 and T08 only, with an average density of 2.5 percent cover per 100 m between the two transects. Encrusting sponge was the only other sponge species observed, present on areas of cobble substrate.
3.2.4 Study Area 4
3.2.4.1 Substrate
The most variability in substrate types was observed in SA-4 than in any of the other surveyed areas (Figure 4 and Figure 5). Transects (T10, T11, and T12) were located on the outermost edges of the survey area with the greatest distance between individual transects. Transect T10 was primarily composed of soft bottom and soft bottom with shell substrate. In contrast, T11 was composed of mixed bottom and soft bottom substrate, while T12 was primarily soft bottom. Depth was also variable between the three transects, ranging from 18 to 172 m. Transect T11 was the shallowest transect of the survey, with depths ranging from 18 to 38 m, allowing the growth of the only flora species observed throughout the subtidal survey. An unidentified anthropogenic item was also detected in T11.
3.2.4.2 Flora
As the majority of the subtidal survey depths were generally below 100 m, floral growth was limited to the shallow depths surveyed along T11 between the depths of 18 and 38 m.
Red algae was the most dominant algal group observed. Crustose corraline algae was the most abundant species, covering up to 80 percent of the rocky substrate in T11. These species encrusted the gravel, cobble and boulder that comprised the mixed bottom substrate of T11. Brown algae, including Laminaria species and unidentified kelp species, were common along the transect, growing on both mixed and soft bottom substrate. Bladed red algae (Rhodophyta) were also commonly observed along T11, growing on similar substrates but in lower abundance than brown algae.
3.2.4.3 Fauna
3.2.4.3.1 Fish Seventeen species from nine fish families were observed in SA-4 (Figure 6 and Figure 7). As in the other study areas, ratfish was the most abundant fish species observed; however, the average density of 7.1 individuals per 100 m observed in SA-4 was higher than in any of the three other study areas. Ratfish were rarely seen in T11, which was shallower than the other transect sites. Skates, eelpouts, right-eye flounders (including halibut and rock sole), kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus), cod, pricklebacks and sculpins were observed throughout the area in low numbers.
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Four species of rockfish, including quillback rockfish, tiger rockfish, yelloweye rockfish and yellowtail rockfish were observed, primarily throughout the rockier areas of T10 and T11.
3.2.4.3.2 Crabs and Shrimp Few species of crab and shrimp were observed in the SA-4 (Figure 8 and Figure 9). Pandalus shrimp were observed in the soft bottom areas of T12, at depths between 152 and 169 m, with a density of 16.8 individuals per 100 m. Hermit crabs and a single red rock crab (Cancer productus) were also observed, in addition to two unidentified crabs.
3.2.4.3.3 Other Invertebrates Of the remaining six phyla of invertebrates observed, scallops were the most abundant in the area (Figures 7-1 and 7-2). However, the highest numbers were observed throughout the soft bottom with shell and soft bottom substrates of transect T10. At a density of 57.8 individuals per 100 m, scallop densities were higher at T10 than in any other transect surveyed. Other Mollusca species observed included octopuses, nudibranch and whelk.
Much like the other three study areas, the phylum Echinodermata was the most diverse of the invertebrate phyla, with 20 sea star species, 1 sea cucumber species, 4 urchin species and feather stars observed in SA-4. Of the sea stars, vermillion stars were relatively common, with an average density of 3.1 individuals per 100 m. Rainbow stars (Orthasterias koehleri) were observed throughout the area, with an average density of 1.4 individuals per 100 m. Giant California sea cucumbers were also common in T10 and T11, with densities of 3.1 and 8.3 individuals per 100 m, respectively. No sea cucumbers were observed in T12. Sea vases were the only tunicates observed, with a density of 8.6 individuals per 100 m in T10, and lower densities along the other transects within SA-4. Five species of the phylum Cnidaria were observed in the area; giant plumose anemones were the most common, with an average density of 1.2 individuals per 100 m. Hydroids were common at T11 while other anemones and jellies were observed in low numbers. A small number of Serpulidae tubeworms were the only annelid worms observed in the area.
Cloud sponges were observed in SA-4, primarily in T10, which had a density of 9.0 percent cover per 100 m (Figures 8-1 and 8-2). Sharp lipped boot sponge, tough yellow branching sponge and vase sponge (Polymastia pachymastia) were other sponge species observed in low numbers. Encrusting sponge was observed on areas of mixed bottom.
3.3 DISCUSSION
Results from this subtidal survey are generally consistent with predictions made in the EIS regarding species and habitats likely to be present at and near the disposal site, based on the data obtained from the Fairview Phase II Project and the previous EC subtidal survey. The Brown Passage disposal site, encompassed by SA-1, consisted primarily of soft bottom substrate at depths ranging from 137 to 228 m.
3.11
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Closure December 12, 2014
The disposal site area, as well as all other surveyed areas, supported cloud sponges, which are known to be vulnerable to disturbances, including sedimentation (Conway et al. 2001; Jamieson and Chew 2002). Cloud sponges in these areas were in the developing and developed stages of growth and were sometimes found in aggregations; however, none were in habitat-forming reef formations.
Several species of rockfish, listed as either “Special Concern” or “Threatened” by SARA were observed in SA-2 and SA-3 (no listed rockfish were observed in SA-1). However, rockfish are highly mobile organisms and are likely to avoid the area during the disposal event and return once the disturbance is completed. The same is predicted for eulachon observed in the survey area. Other species of value to commercial, recreational and Aboriginal fisheries observed in SA-1 included Pandalus shrimp, scallops and halibut. No Dungeness crab were observed in any surveyed transects. Most species observed at and near the disposal site were mobile species, able to move away from the site during disposal events and likely avoid effects from sediment deposition. 4.0 CLOSURE
This supplemental data report has been prepared for PNW LNG to describe baseline conditions of marine resources within the project area, specifically at and near the previously-used disposal site in Brown Passage. Subtidal surveys, conducted in July 2014, provided further information regarding species use and substrate types present at and near this disposal site.
4.12
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
References December 12, 2014
5.0 REFERENCES
Conway, K.W., M. Krautter, J.V. Barrie and M. Neuweiler. 2001. Hexactinellid sponge reefs on the Canadian continental shelf: a unique "Living fossil". Geoscience Canada 28:71-78.
Nicholls, P., Norkko, A., Ellis, J., Hewitt, J., and D. Bull. 2009. Short Term Behavioral Responses of Selected Benthic Invertebrates Inhabiting Muddy Habitats to Burial by Terrestrial Clay. Prepared by NIWA for Auckland Regional Council. Auckland Regional Council Technical Report 2009/116.
Prince Rupert Gas Transmission Project [PRGT]. 2014. Application for an Environmental Assessment Certificate. Section 11, Marine Resources.
Stantec Consulting Ltd. [Stantec]. 2009. Environmental Impact Statement - Fairview Terminal Phase II Expansion Project Including Kaien Siding. In Prince Rupert Port Authority and Canadian National Railway Company (Ed.) (Vol. 1).
Stantec Consulting Ltd. [Stantec]. 2014a. Follow-Up Report on Sediment and Water Quality Associated with Construction of the Terminal Berth Area, Section 13 - Marine Resources. Prepared for Pacific NorthWest LNG Limited Partnership. Prepared by Stantec Consulting Ltd. June 23, 2014.
Stantec Consulting Ltd. [Stantec]. 2014b. Technical Memorandum: Species Use of Marine Habitats in the Local Assessment Area. To: CEA Agency and BC EAO. File: Pacific NorthWest LNG Project. June 23, 2014.
5.13
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Figures December 12, 2014
6.0 FIGURES
6.14
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citations. Archipelago Marine Research Ltd. 2014. Westcoast Connector Gas Transmission Project: d C \
Marine Environmental Technical Data Report (Appendix 2-F). April 2014. Prince Rupert Gas \
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1. Approximate extent of glass sponge reefs within Chatham Sound as determined by geophysical survey there are any errors associated with the data used to generate this product or in the product itself, 7
FIGURE NO: 4 users of these data are advised that errors in the data may be present. : and subsequent ROV inspection completed for the proposed Westcoast Connector Gas Transmission 9 1 : 9
Project (Archipelago Marine Research Ltd. 2014) -
DATE: 23-OCT-14 PROJECTION: UTM - ZONE 9 2. Potential biogenic sponge reef, delineated during benthic habitat mapping completed for the proposed 4 1
FIGURE ID: 123110537-830 DATUM: NAD 83 0
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: F B O Y : 7 R :
10/23/2014 - 9:36:57 AM \\Cd1183-f04\workgroup\1231\active\EM\123220020\disc_folders\marine\reports_dft\rpt_rov_brown_passage\figures\fig_7_123110537-822_browns_passage_fish_family_ea_addendum.mxd 380000 385000 390000 395000
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T08
T04
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T11 x m . m u d n
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Triple g a s s
Island a p
! _ Lax Kw'alaams s n w o r b _ 1 2 8 - ! 7 Georgetown Mills 3 5 0 1 1 3 2 1 _
Crab 8 _ g i f \
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Metlakatla g
! a s r s
Red rock crab T12 " a p _
! n w o 0 Tanner crab 0 r 0 0 b _ 0 0 v 0 0 ! o r
1 Shrimp 1 _ 0 0 t p 6 6 r \ t
Pandalus prawn f d _ s t r
Squat lobster o p e r \
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! r
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! l
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Sponge Reefs 3 SA-1 2
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ROV Transect Locations 8 Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information; Progress 1 1
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used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that 2
Brown Passage FIGURE NO: 4 errors in the data may be present. : 8 3
Disposal Site : 9
-
DATE: 23-OCT-14 PROJECTION: UTM - ZONE 9 4 1
FIGURE ID: 123110537-821 DATUM: NAD 83 0 2 /
8 3
Note: Bottom sediment accumulation for the MOF was modelled as 615,000m3. 2
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10/23/2014 - 9:42:14 AM \\Cd1183-f04\workgroup\1231\active\EM\123220020\disc_folders\marine\reports_dft\rpt_rov_brown_passage\figures\fig_9_123110537-821_browns_passage_crab_shrimp_ea_addendum.mxd 380000 385000 390000 395000
T07
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Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information; Progress 1 1 All Glass Water Body Energy Canada Ltd. Skeena Estuary data provided by ESSA Technologies Ltd (2013). d C \ \
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Skeena Estuary M A Brown Passage used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that 8
FIGURE NO: 4 errors in the data may be present. :
Disposal Site 4 4 : 9
-
DATE: 23-OCT-14 PROJECTION: UTM - ZONE 9 4 1
FIGURE ID: 123110537-822 DATUM: NAD 83 0 2 /
10 3
Note: Bottom sediment accumulation for the MOF was modelled as 615,000m3. 2
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10/23/2014 - 9:47:06 AM \\Cd1183-f04\workgroup\1231\active\EM\123220020\disc_folders\marine\reports_dft\rpt_rov_brown_passage\figures\fig_11_123110537-823_browns_passage_invertebrates_ea_addendum.mxd 380000 385000 390000 395000
T07
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5 T10 5 2 2 0 0 6 6
T08
T04 0 0
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T05
T03 T06
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T09 e g
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! _ s
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Mills 1 1 3 2 1 _ 2 1 _ g i
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Prince Rupert e
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! _ n
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6 Port Edward 6 p r \ t
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! d _ s
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r PREPARED BY: t
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Sources: Government of British Columbia; Prince Rupert Port Authority; Government of 3
ROV Transect Locations 8 Water Body Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Centre for Topographic Information; Progress 1 1
Energy Canada Ltd. Skeena Estuary data provided by ESSA Technologies Ltd (2013). d C
All Glass Sponge Reefs \
Skeena Estuary \
Although there is no reason to believe that there are any errors associated with the data Brown Passage M A
used to generate this product or in the product itself, users of these data are advised that Disposal Site 5 FIGURE NO: 0 errors in the data may be present. : 9 4 : 9
-
DATE: 23-OCT-14 PROJECTION: UTM - ZONE 9 4 1
FIGURE ID: 123110537-819 DATUM: NAD 83 0 2 /
12 3
Note: Bottom sediment accumulation for the MOF was modelled as 615,000m3. 2
DRAWN BY: M. BATE CHECKED BY: L. DU GAS / 0 1 B N o o t t t e o : m
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10/23/2014 - 9:50:05 AM \\Cd1183-f04\workgroup\1231\active\EM\123220020\disc_folders\marine\reports_dft\rpt_rov_brown_passage\figures\fig_13_123110537-819_browns_passage_sponges_ea_addendum.mxd BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix A December 12, 2014
Appendix A
TABLE A-1: LOCATION AND LENGTH OF SUBTIDAL ROV TRANSECTS
Transect Date Start Point End Point Transect Transect (mm-dd- Depth (m) Length yyyy) Latitude Longitude Latitude Longitude Max Min (m) T01 222 137 4390 T01AB 07-26-2014 N5418.7445 W13046.6664 N5418.3727 W13045.9989 T01BC 07-26-2014 N5418.3727 W13045.9989 N5418.9129 W13046.0243 T01CD 07-26-2014 N5418.9129 W13046.0243 N5418.5181 W13046.6543 T02 228 188 5872 T02AB 07-25-2014 N5418.7704 W13045.7941 N5418.4050 W13045.1211 T02BC 07-25-2014 N5418.4050 W13045.1211 N5418.9426 W13045.1551 T02CD 07-25-2014 N5418.9426 W13045.1551 N5418.7540 W13045.4700 T03 194 154 4773 T03AB 07-26-2014 N5418.1731 W13045.9764 N5417.7978 W13045.3107 T03BC 07-26-2014 N5417.7978 W13045.3107 N5418.3407 W13045.3323 T03CD 07-27-2014 N5418.3368 W13045.3365 N5417.9478 W13045.9661 T04 199 96 4812 T04AB 07-27-2014 N5419.0133 W13047.8304 N5418.6442 W13047.1581 T04BC 07-27-2014 N5418.6442 W13047.1634 N5419.1828 W13047.1891 T04CD 07-27-2014 N5419.1828 W13047.1891 N5418.7865 W13047.8241 T05 202 178 4992 T05AB 07-24-2014 N5418.2190 W13043.0539 N5417.8423 W13042.3815 T05BC 07-24-2014 N5417.8423 W13042.3815 N5418.3817 W13042.3975 T05CD 07-25-2014 N5418.3858 W13042.4089 N5417.9904 W13043.0443 T06 180 157 4267 T06AB 07-27-2014 N5417.1947 W13045.1484 N5416.9887 W13044.7879 T06BC 07-28-2014 N5416.8218 W13044.4838 N5417.3618 W13044.5092 T06CD 07-28-2014 N5417.3618 W13044.5092 N5416.9658 W13045.1399 T07 128 89 3708 T07AB 07-30-2014 N5423.0651 W13040.3021 N5422.6949 W13039.6350 T07BC 07-30-2014 N5422.6949 W13039.6350 N5423.2335 W13039.6590 T07CD 07-30-2014 N5423.2335 W13039.6590 N5422.8429 W13040.2914
A.1
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix A December 12, 2014
Transect Date Start Point End Point Transect Transect (mm-dd- Depth (m) Length yyyy) Latitude Longitude Latitude Longitude Max Min (m) T08 225 171 4485 T08AB 07-30-2014 N5420.1115 W13038.0816 N5419.7419 W13037.4080 T08BC 07-30-2014 N5419.7419 W13037.4080 N5420.2806 W13037.4322 T08CD 07-30-2014 N5420.2806 W13037.4322 N5419.8903 W13038.0719 T09 162 151 3967 T09AB 07-31-2014 N5415.5674 W13044.7854 N5415.1946 W13044.1203 T09BC 07-31-2014 N5415.1946 W13044.1203 N5415.7336 W13044.1370 T09CD 07-31-2014 N5415.7336 W13044.1370 N5415.3405 W13044.7784 T10 79 59 4255 T10AB 07-28-2014 N5421.2984 W13050.5984 N5420.9319 W13049.9418 T10BC 07-28-2014 N5420.9313 W13049.9404 N5421.4702 W13049.9687 T10CD 07-28-2014 N5421.4702 W13049.9687 N5421.0794 W13050.5989 T11 38 18 3907 T11AB 07-30-2014 N5416.7040 W13038.7390 N5416.3282 W13038.0824 T11BC 07-31-2014 N5416.3295 W13038.0814 N5416.8703 W13038.0990 T11CD 07-31-2014 N5416.8703 W13038.0990 N5416.4782 W13038.7393 T12 172 150 3888 T12AB 07-29-2014 N5413.6798 W13045.3672 N5413.3107 W13044.7021 T12BC 07-31-2014 N5413.3113 W13044.7049 N5413.8397 W13044.7287 T12CD 07-31-2014 N5413.8397 W13044.7287 N5413.4513 W13045.3611
A.2
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Appendix B
TABLE B-1: NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS OBSERVED PER 100 M DURING THE SUBTIDAL SURVEY AT AND NEAR THE BROWN PASSAGE DISPOSAL SITE
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Crabs and Shrimp Cancridae Red Rock Cancer productus 0.03 0.03 Crab Galatheidae Squat Lobster Munida 0.03 0.03 quadrispina Lithodidae Brown Box Lopholithodes 0.02 0.02 0.04 Crab foraminatus Oregoniidae Tanner Crab Chionoecetes 0.16 0.16 bairdi Paguroidea Hermit Crab Pagurus spp 0.02 0.02 0.40 0.12 0.10 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.02 0.23 0.62 2.14 Pandalidae Pacific Prawn Pandalus 0.04 0.02 1.02 0.18 0.03 0.10 1.40 platyceros Pandalidae UnID Pandalus Pandalus spp 1.66 4.07 4.44 3.70 16.57 13.12 123.16 35.25 20.64 16.82 239.43 Prawn UnID Crab UnID Crab UnID Crab 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.09 Fish
Chimaeridae Ratfish Hydrolagus colliei 6.10 4.12 2.49 4.63 5.77 1.27 0.94 1.76 1.56 10.86 0.95 9.59 50.05 Cottidae Leister Sculpin Enophrys lucasi 0.02 0.02 Cottidae Sculpin UnID Cottidae 0.03 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.20 Cottidae Spinyhead Dasycottus setiger 0.02 0.03 0.05 Sculpin
B.1
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Gadidae Pacific Cod Gadus 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.30 macrocephalus Gadidae Pacific Microgadus 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.16 Tomcod proximus Gadidae UnID Cod UnID Gadidae 0.02 0.05 0.10 0.06 0.16 0.05 0.11 0.09 0.13 0.68 1.45 Gadidae Walleye Theragra 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.15 Pollock chalcogramma Hexagrammidae Kelp Hexagrammos 0.13 0.13 Greenling decagrammus Hexagrammidae Lingcod Ophiodon 0.03 0.03 elongatus Osmeridae Eulachon Thaleichthys 0.61 0.61 pacificus Pleuronectidae Dover Sole Microstomus 0.02 0.02 pacificus Pleuronectidae English Sole Parophrys vetulus 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.24 0.03 0.33 Pleuronectidae Halibut Hippoglossus 0.14 0.05 0.04 0.71 0.04 0.14 0.11 0.11 0.23 0.12 0.31 1.99 stenolepis Pleuronectidae Rex Sole Glyptocephalus 0.08 0.08 0.16 zacharius Pleuronectidae Rock Sole Lepidopsetta 0.20 0.09 0.17 0.37 0.08 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.78 0.56 0.31 2.66 bilineata Pleuronectidae Slender Sole Lyopsetta exilis 0.11 0.02 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.18 0.84 Pleuronectidae UnID Right Eye UnID 0.07 0.02 0.06 0.25 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.05 0.87 0.49 0.31 2.32 Flounders Pleuronectidae Rajidae Big Skate Raja binoculata 0.08 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.21 Rajidae Longnose Raja rhina 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.13 0.52 Skate Scorpaeniform Snailfish Liparidae spp 0.04 0.05 0.09
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Sebastidae Canary Sebastes pinniger 0.02 0.05 0.22 0.28 Rockfish Sebastidae Copper Sebastes caurinus 0.02 0.02 Rockfish Sebastidae Greenstripe Sebastes 0.08 0.11 0.02 0.21 Rockfish elongatus Sebastidae Quillback Sebastes maliger 0.08 0.22 0.09 0.38 0.78 Rockfish Sebastidae Rockfish Sebastes spp 0.25 0.32 0.09 0.16 0.03 0.85 Sebastidae Unidentified Sebastes rosaceus 0.02 0.02 Rockfish Sebastidae Silvergray Sebastes 0.02 0.03 0.05 Rockfish brevispinis Sebastidae Tiger Rockfish Sebastes 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.14 nigrocinctus Sebastidae Yelloweye Sebastes 0.02 0.02 0.04 Rockfish ruberrimus Sebastidae Yellowtail Sebastes flavidus 2.62 0.31 2.92 Rockfish Stichaeidae Prickleback Xiphister spp 0.07 15.61 0.02 0.03 15.73 Stichaeidae Snake Lumpenus sagitta 0.03 0.13 0.15 Prickleback UnID Fish UnID Fish UnID Fish 0.02 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.16 0.42 Zoarcidae Black Belly Lycodes pacificus 0.05 0.11 0.15 Eelpout Zoarcidae Black Eelpout Lycodes diapterus 0.02 0.02 Zoarcidae Eelpout Lycodes spp 1.29 0.02 0.38 0.03 1.72 Other Invertebrates
Annelida Orange Chone 0.27 0.27 Feather Duster aurantiaca Tubeworm
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Annelida UnID UnID Serpulidae 0.14 0.09 0.04 1.01 1.46 0.03 0.15 0.26 3.16 Calcareous Tubeworms Annelida UnID Feather UnID Sabellidae 10.25 1.69 1.09 13.02 Duster worm Annelida UnID UnID Serpulidae 0.75 5.61 0.60 0.02 0.30 0.47 0.42 0.03 1.11 9.31 Tubeworm Cnidaria Crimson Cribrinopsis 1.05 0.85 0.75 0.44 0.58 1.41 0.62 3.19 1.76 0.12 1.18 11.95 Anemone fernaldi Cnidaria Cross Jelly Earleria cellularia 0.02 0.02 Cnidaria Giant Plumose Metridium 0.05 0.04 4.49 0.04 2.24 2.07 1.48 0.15 10.56 Anemone farcimen Cnidaria Lion's Mane Cyanea capillata 0.02 0.03 0.04 Cnidaria Moon Jellyfish Aurelia labiata 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.14 Cnidaria Orange Sea Ptilosarcus gurneyi 0.02 0.06 1.60 0.59 2.27 Pen Cnidaria Pom Pom Liponema spp 0.05 0.05 Anemone Cnidaria Sea Whip Halipteris 1.43 1.12 1.07 3.43 14.99 35.50 0.78 17.99 25.31 0.02 0.03 2.83 104.50 willemoesi Cnidaria Swimming Stomphia 0.02 0.02 Anemone didemon Cnidaria Tube-Dwelling Cerianthus spp 0.04 0.05 0.09 Anemone Cnidaria UnID UnID Anthozoa 0.25 0.05 0.06 0.15 0.02 0.13 0.16 0.05 0.08 0.95 Anemone Cnidaria UnID Jelly UnID Cnidaria 0.02 0.02 Echinodermata Basket Star Gorgonocephalus 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.03 0.18 eucnemis Echinodermata Bat Star Asterina miniata 0.05 0.08 0.02 0.15
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Echinodermata Blood Star Henricia leviuscula 2.19 0.09 0.94 2.74 0.02 0.19 0.02 1.46 0.36 8.00 Echinodermata Cookie Star Ceramaster 0.05 0.02 0.07 patagonicus Echinodermata Creeping Psolus chitinoides 0.05 0.02 0.08 Pedal Sea Cucumber Echinodermata Cushion Star Pteraster 0.05 0.05 tesselatus Echinodermata Fat Blood Star Henricia 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.11 sanguinolenta Echinodermata Feather Stars Florometra 0.25 0.02 0.27 0.56 0.11 0.02 0.21 0.10 1.55 serratissima Echinodermata Giant Parastichopus 0.25 5.34 0.11 3.13 8.32 17.14 California Sea californicus Cucumber Echinodermata Green Urchin Strongylocentrotus 0.30 0.04 2.82 3.15 droebachiensis Echinodermata Gunpowder Gephyreaster 0.07 0.02 0.17 0.02 0.27 Sea star swifti Echinodermata Leather Star Dermasterias 0.09 0.24 0.18 0.51 imbricata Echinodermata Morning Solaster dawsoni 0.11 0.03 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.71 0.03 0.08 1.12 Sunstar Echinodermata Orange Solaster paxillatus 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.37 Sunstar Echinodermata Purple Urchin Strongylocentrotus 0.02 0.03 0.05 purpuratus Echinodermata Rainbow Star Orthasterias .077 0.03 0.69 0.48 0.02 1.57 2.48 0.10 6.16 koehleri Echinodermata Red Urchin Strongylocentrotus 0.27 0.05 1.41 1.74 franciscanus
B.5
BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Echinodermata Rose Star Crossaster 0.20 0.13 0.17 0.28 0.23 0.03 1.03 papposus Echinodermata Sandstar Luidia foliolata 0.18 0.10 0.17 0.42 0.04 0.05 0.32 0.02 0.05 0.21 0.79 0.26 2.61 Echinodermata Slime Star Pteraster 0.02 0.06 0.21 0.03 0.02 0.34 tesselatus Echinodermata Spiny Pink Star Pisaster 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.90 0.08 1.07 brevispinus Echinodermata Spiny red Star Hippasteria 0.16 0.03 0.17 0.15 0.04 0.42 0.03 0.03 0.21 0.03 0.10 1.36 spinosa Echinodermata Striped Solaster stimpsoni 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.38 0.38 0.82 Sunstar Echinodermata Sunflower Star Pycnopodia 0.07 0.15 0.04 0.22 0.02 0.03 0.38 0.10 1.00 helianthoides Echinodermata UnID Sea star UnID Asteroidea 0.82 0.21 0.46 0.03 0.02 0.12 1.65 Echinodermata Urchin Strongylocentrotus 0.11 0.02 0.81 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.13 1.19 spp Echinodermata Velcro Star Stylasterias forreri 0.02 0.10 0.11 0.21 0.54 0.98 Echinodermata Vermillion Star Mediaster 2.46 0.29 0.42 2.78 0.06 0.07 0.73 0.04 2.12 6.60 0.72 16.29 aequalis Echinodermata White Urchin Strongylocentrotus 0.48 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.58 pallidus Echinodermata Wrinkled Star Pteraster militaris 0.02 0.15 0.05 0.21 0.03 0.46 Mollusca Diamondback Tritonia festiva 0.10 0.10 Nudibranch Mollusca Giant Pacific Enteroctopus 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 Octopus dofleini Mollusca Gumboot Cryptochiton 0.03 0.03 Chiton stelleri Mollusca Sea Lemon Ansidoris noibilis 0.02 0.02 Nudibranch
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Common Cumulative Taxon Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 name Total
Mollusca Siphon Holes UnID Siphon holes 0.00 0.00 Mollusca Striped Armina californica 0.02 0.05 0.15 0.22 Nudibranch Mollusca Stubby Squid Rossia pacifica 0.02 0.02 Mollusca UnID Moon Euspira spp 0.02 0.02 Snail Mollusca UnID UnID 0.09 0.08 0.08 0.05 0.03 0.33 Nudibranch Nudibranchia Mollusca UnID Octopus UnID Octopus 0.04 0.02 0.12 0.05 0.05 0.28 Mollusca UnID Scallop UnID Pectinidae 3.83 0.02 2.20 3.70 0.03 57.76 0.62 68.15 Mollusca UnID Whelk Neptunea spp 0.20 0.02 0.07 0.15 0.26 0.71 Tunicata
Tunicata Pacific Sea Halocynthia 0.02 0.03 0.05 Peach aurantium Tunicata Sea Vase Ciona savignyi 5.22 2.14 4.22 0.03 8.62 0.18 20.40
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
TABLE B-2: SUMMARY OF SPECIES RECORDED AS PERCENT COVER, OBSERVED DURING THE SUBTIDAL SURVEY AT AND NEAR THE BROWN PASSAGE DISPOSAL SITE
Taxon Common name Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 Other Invertebrates Cnidaria Encrusting Stylantheca sp P Hydrocorals Cnidaria Hydroid Abietinaria spp P P P P P P Cnidaria Orange Cup Balanophyllia P P Coral elegans Cnidaria Pink Gorgonian Calcigorgia P P sciculifera Echinodermata Brittle Star Ophiura sarsii A P A Porifera Cloud Sponge Aphrocallistes vastus P P P C P P P P P Porifera Rough Scallop Myxilla incrustans P Sponge Porifera Sharp Lipped Rhabdocalyptus P P Boot Sponge dawsoni Porifera Spiny Tennis Ball Craniella spinosa P P P Sponge Porifera Tough Yellow Syringella P P P P Branching amphispicula Sponge Porifera UnID Encrusting UnID encrusting P P P P P P Sponge sponge Porifera UnID Glass UnID Hexactinellida P P P P Sponge Porifera UnID Sponge UnID Sponge P P P P P P P P
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BROWN PASSAGE SUBTIDAL SURVEY
Appendix B December 12, 2014
Taxon Common name Scientific Name T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 T06 T07 T08 T09 T10 T11 T12 Porifera Vase Sponge Polymastia P pachymastia Flora Heterokontophyta Sugar Kelp Laminaria A saccharina Heterokontophyta UnID Brown UnID C Algae Heterokontophyta Rhodophyta UnID Crustose UnID Corallinales A Corraline Algae Rhodophyta UnID Red Algae UnID Rhodophyta P
Legend: P = Present <25%, C = Common 25-75%, A = Abundant >76%
B.2