Research Centre for Educational Innovation and Development

Tribhuvan University Research Centre for Educational Innovation and Development

Ref: Date:July 23, 2017

The Director General, Department of Education, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur.

Subject: Submission of Final Report

Dear Sir, It's my pleasure to express my thanks to you for this opportunity to submit the final report of the project entitled Independent Verification of Integrated Educational Management Information System (IEMIS) based on our mutual agreement for undertaking the verification in partnership for a period as mentioned in the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). The verification of IEMIS for School Sector Development Plan (SSDP) specified in the ToR provided by MoE/DoE has been completed. The comments and suggestions provided from DPs through MoE/DoE have been incorporated in this report. I hope that this report will meet the need of MoE/DoE to improve the system towards ensuring quality education in Nepal. Please feel free to communicate if you have any query. Enclosed with: 1. Final Report of Independent Verification of IEMIS 2. Annexes

______Prof. Jiba Nath Dhital, Ph.D. Executive Director

Post Box No: 2161, Balkhu, Kathmandu, Nepal Phone: 977-1-4286732, Fax: 977-1-4274224 Email: [email protected], Website: http://www.cerid.org Independent Verification Survey of Integrated Educational Management Information System Under School Sector Development Plan

Submitted to: Ministry of Education Department of Education

Submitted by:

Tribhuvan University

Research Centre for Educational Innovation and Development (CERID) 2nd April, 2017

Acknowledgement Information is a prerequisite for effective planning, budgeting and implementation of a program. In Nepal, this requirement has been fulfilled byIntegrated Educational Management Information System (IEMIS) that has required information of schools and has been used at all levels. The IEMIS is also self-reported information of schools that provides details on students, teachers, physical infrastructures, examination results and other details. In this respect, concerns have been frequently raised to improve IEMIS so that it can be vastly utilized for different purpose and at different levels. The areas of possible concern in IEMIS and the ways of strengthening the IEMIS at school, district and central level is the major reason behind the need for this verification survey. Research Center for Educational Innovation and Development (CERID) has been provided opportunity for this study and therefore, would like to thank Ministry of Education and Department of Education for their trust and support. My sincere gratitude goes to Mr. Babu Ram Paudel, Director General, Mr. Mitra Nath Gartaula, Director, Mr. Ghanasyam Aryal, Deputy Director, Mr. Shankar Thapa, Deputy Director, and Mr. Bhagawan Upreti, Deputy Director for their continued encouragement on both technical and administrative inputs throughout the survey period. I am also thankful to Mr. Baikuntha Aryal, Chief of Planning Division, Mr. Deepak Sharma, Director, and Mr. Meghanath Sharma, Under Secretary for their untiring support and trust. I am grateful to the members of this verification survey team. They completed the tasks in time with full commitment and hard work, which would not have been possible otherwise. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Kabi Prasad Pokhrel, and his team members, along with district coordinators, and enumerators of the verification survey for conducting the survey on time.I am also grateful to all the staffs of my office for their untiring support and dedication for this work. I am equally indebted to Prof. Dr. BasuDevKafle for editing the document. Last, but not the least, my thanks go to District Education Officers, head teachers, school teachers, school management committee members, parents and guardians, and the DOE staffs for their hospitality and support during the survey period.

Prof. Jiba Nath Dhital (Ph. D) Executive Director

Table of Contents Acknowledgement ...... i Table of Contents ...... ii List of Tables ...... iv List of Figures ...... iv Abbreviations ...... v Chapter 1: Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Objectives of the survey ...... 1 1.3 Rationale of the survey ...... 1 1.4 Limitations of the survey ...... 2 1.5 Organization of the report ...... 2 Chapter 2: Review of Related Documents ...... 3 2.1 IEMIS in the government frameworks ...... 3 2.2 IEMIS in National Information and Communication Technology Policy (ICTP) ...... 4 2.3 IEMIS in Education For All (EFA) ...... 4 2.4 IEMIS in Secondary Education Support Program (SESP) ...... 4 2.5 IEMIS in School Sector Reform (SSR) ...... 4 2.6 IEMIS in School Sector Development Plan (SSDP) ...... 5 2.7 Assessment of IEMIS ...... 5 2.8 Current IEMIS Status ...... 5 2.9 Paper-and-Pen based IEMIS ...... 5 2.10 Departure from paper and pen based IEMIS to Electronic based IEMIS...... 6 2.11 Flash I, Flash II and Consolidated Reports ...... 6 Chapter 3: Methodology ...... 8 3.1 Survey design...... 8 3.2 Geographical coverage ...... 8 3.3 Development of tools...... 8 3.4 Development of verification manual ...... 9 3.5 Composition of the survey team ...... 9 3.6 Selection of the verification surveyors...... 10 3.7 Orientations to the district coordinators ...... 10 3.8 Orientations to the enumerators ...... 10 3.9 Approaches ...... 10

3.10 Desk review ...... 10 3.11 Sample design ...... 11 3.12 Field work ...... 11 3.13 Monitoring and supervision...... 12 3.14 Data entry, processing, analysis and presentation ...... 12 Chapter 4: Data Presentation, Discussion and Analysis ...... 13 4.1 Selection of schools ...... 13 4.2 Data reported in IEMIS against the data maintained in the register ...... 14 4.3 Data maintained in the register against the number of students observed in the classroom ...... 18 4.4 Data maintained in IEMIS, admission register against the 10 days attendance of students ...... 21 4.5 Status of Teachers ...... 23 4.6 Distribution of textbooks ...... 24 4.7 Use of IEMIS data ...... 25 Chapter 5: Findings, conclusions and recommendations ...... 27 5.1 Findings ...... 27 5.2 Conclusions ...... 31 5.3 Recommendations ...... 32

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List of Tables Table 1: SMC Chairpersons/Members’ responses on IEMIS Status ...... 25

List of Figures Figure 1: Sample Districts ...... 11 Figure 2: Selection of samples from community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) by ecological region ...... 13 Figure 3: Selection of samples from community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) by level ...... 14 Figure 4: Differences in enrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade ECD/PPC – Grade 5 ...... 15 Figure 5: Differences in enrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-8 ...... 16 Figure 6: Differences in enrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-10 ...... 16 Figure 7: Differences in enrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 11-12 ...... 17 Figure 8: Average student attendance days in Jestha, 2073 BS for community (left) and institutional schools (right) ...... 18 Figure 9: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade ECD/PPC - Grade 5 ...... 18 Figure 10: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-8 ...... 19 Figure 11: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-10 ...... 20 Figure 12: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 11-12...... 20 Figure 13: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at ECD/PPC -5 ...... 21 Figure 14: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-8 ...... 22 Figure 15: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-10 ...... 22 Figure 16: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 11-12 ...... 23 Figure 17: Attendance of male (left) and female (right) teachers in the classroom ...... 23 Figure 18: Percentage of students receiving full textbooks in community schools ...... 24 Figure 19: Students at grade 8 (left), grade 9 (middle) and grade 10 (right) receiving free textbooks by the second week of the academic year ...... 25

Abbreviations ASIP Annual Strategic Implementation Plan AWPB Annual Work Plan and Budget BPEP Basic Primary Education Program CERID Research Centre For Educational Innovation and Development DEO District Education Office DOE Department of Education DPs Development Partners ECD Early Childhood Development EFA Education For All EMIS Educational Management Information System ICT Information and Communication Technology IEMIS Integrated Educational Management Information System IS Information System MOE Ministry of Education NPA National Plan of Action PMIS Program Management Information System PPC Pre-Primary Children RC Resource Centers RED Regional Education Directorate RP Resource Persons SESP Secondary Education Support Program SMC School Management Committee SPSS Statistical Package for Social Science SS School Supervisors SSDP School Sector Development Plan SSR School Sector Reform SSRP School Sector Reform Plan UNESCO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization

Survey Team

Prof. Dr. Kabi Prasad Pokhrel - Team Leader Mr. Raju Manandhar - Team Member Mr. Rom Prasad Bhattarai - Team Member Mr. SambedanKoirala- Team Member

Advisory Committee Prof. Dr. Jiba Nath Dhital, Executive Director, CERID - Chairperson Prof. Dr. Krishna Prasad Gautam, Dean FoE, TU - Member Mr. Babu Ram Poudel, DG DoE - Member Mr. Mitra Nath Gartaula, Director, DoE - Member Dr. TulasiThapaliya, Joint Secretary, MoE -Member Mr. Dipak Sharma, Under Secretary, MoE - Member Mr. Ghana Shyam Aryal, Deputy Director, DoE - Member Mr. Shankar Thapa, Deputy Director, DoE - Member Representative, World Bank, Nepal - Member Representative, ADB, Nepal - Member Ms. Rekha K.C., Deputy Administrator, CERID - Member Prof. Dr. Krishna Chandra Sharma - Member Prof. Dr. BasuDevKafle - Member Prof. Dr. Prem Narayan Aryal - Member Prof. Dr. Lekh Nath Sharma - Member Prof. Dr. Kabi Prasad Pokhrel- Member Secretary

Working Committee Prof. Dr. Kabi Prasad Pokhrel, Project Coordinator, CERID - Chairperson Mr. Ghana Shyam Aryal, Deputy Director, DoE - Member Mr. Shankar Thapa, Deputy Director, DoE - Member Mr. Narayan Krishna Shrestha, Under Secretary, MoE - Member Mr. Bhagawan Upreti, Deputy Director, DoE - Member Mr. Megh Nath Sharma, Section Officer, DoE - Member Mr. Rajendra Bhattarai, Section Officer, DoE - Member Dr. Renu Thapa, Researcher, CERID - Member Mr. Rom Prasad Bhattarai, Researcher, CERID - Member Mr. Raju Manandhar, Researcher, CERID - Member Secretary

District Survey Coordinator Ms. AnjanaRajbhandari Mr. Ashik Singh Mr. Bahadur Singh Bhat Mr. BalBahadurSharki Mr. Dhana Krishna Mahat Mr. Dirgha Raj Joshi Mr. JeebanathAdhikari Mr. KashiLalChaudhary Mr. KeshavDhakal Mr. Kisan Prasad Adhikari Ms. LaxmiAcharya Mr. MugaDhanRai Mr. Narayan Shrestha Mr. Narendra Raj Paneru Ms. Shanti Joshi Mr. Yadav Mani Upadhyaya

Data Management Mr. Amul Raj Upreti

Administrative and Logistic Support Ms. Rekha K.C. Ms. SabinaShrestha Mr. Hari Krishna Shrestha Mr. BishnuBikramGiri Mr. BhaktaBahadurShrestha

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Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background Integrated Educational Management Information System (IEMIS)is a comprehensive system that brings people, practices, and technology to provide information in a timely, cost-effective, and sustainable manner. Viewing this benefit in mind, the Ministry of Education(MOE) and Department of Education (DOE) has already set up IEMIS in Nepal that collects information from all types of schools each year.This collection contains information on students, teachers, physical infrastructures, examination results and other details, which has been used in measuring indicators set by different plans and programs. In other words, information obtained from IEMIS has been used to describe the timely characterization of the state of education in Nepal. As Nepal moved from School Sector Reform Plan (SSRP) to School Sector Development Plan (SSDP), IEMIS has always remained a priority. In fact, the major thrust of the SSDP has been the development of an efficient and well documented IEMIS at district, regional and central level. Collection of information in a timely manner and in a reliable and accurate way has also been the major priority of SSDP. This third party independent verification survey thus is a response to check the degree of accurateness of data and therefore examined the degree of differences between the data provided in IEMIS and data maintained in the admission register. This survey also observed the number of students attended in the classroom in a particular day and also collected the attendance details of the students for 10 full days. Attendance of teachers in a particular day has also been captured in this survey. Information obtained during this survey thus has been used to provide fruitful recommendations, both at the policy level and at the program level, for the improvement of IEMIS in the future. 1.2 Objectives of the survey The major objectives of this independent verification survey thus have been to assess the current situation of IEMIS that includes: -  Collection of disaggregated data on three agreed indicators from sampled schools  Collection of data on three agreed indicators from Flash I of Fiscal Year 2016/2017  Comparison of survey data with Flash data of all indicators, and report, if inconsistency is significant at 95% confidence level  Identification of potential reasons for inconsistencies between actual results and survey results if inconsistencies exist  Provide suggestions to improve the overall IEMIS system 1.3 Rationale of the survey Any informed planning demands accurate data. Allocation of resources also demands accurate data. The major rationale for this survey thus has been to study

the accurateness of the data so that concerned stakeholders are benefitted from informed planning process and the equitable distribution of resources. In addition, the major rationale for this survey has been to answer thetwo major questions given below.  Are there discrepancies in the data between what is reported and what is found in the verification survey and, if so, where are the greatest variances?  What are the major reasons for the variances? In order to answer these two major questions, a total of 1560 schools have been selected on a stratified multi-stage random sampling basis across the country. It has been hoped that this sample would be enough to justify the status of data across the whole country. 1.4 Limitations of the survey This independent verification survey was conducted in selected 16 districts of Nepal by covering all 7 provinces including the Valley. Schools from Karnali region and Manang/Mustang districts have been deliberately left out in the selection process as the academic session in those districts starts from February/March, which does not match with the timeline of the independent verification survey. The number of districts and the name of the schools were selected by the DOE, which was then used for the survey. It was agreed that 1460 community schools and 100 institutional schools were selected for the survey. The list of the schools was prepared at the central level by using the central level database for 2016-2017; however in some cases, this list could not followed as some of the schools were already merged and some of schools were closed by the time of the survey. As a result, some schools were substituted for the survey purpose. Further, the survey was limited only to verify agreed three indicators of IEMIS to the sampling schools and did not cover other activities and indicators of schools. The information obtained from the IEMIS (school census/Flash) may differ from the independent verification survey because of the timing of the verification survey (Feb- March) relative to the Census (Flash II in March and Flash I in June). It is also to be noted that the survey was conducted towards the end of the academic year and this timing therefore might not have reflected the true picture of the required information. One such example is students from grade 10 preparing for final examination at home and/or special classes and therefore was not observed in the classroom and as a result the result has been different. 1.5 Organization of the report This report has been organized into five chapters. The first chapter provides the general introduction along with the objective and rationale of this independent survey. The second chapter provides the in-depth review of existing IEMIS in Nepal. The third chapter provides the methodological aspects of this survey. The fourth chapter provides the analysis while the fifth chapter provides the findings, conclusions and recommendations of this survey. Appendixes have been attached at the end of the report.

Chapter 2: Review of Related Documents An Information System (IS) accepts data resources as input, and processes them into information products as output. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enables an IS to perform and process input and transform these inputs into information outputs. The interconnectivity of these two systems gives us data and information that guide us in policy making, resource allocation, monitoring and evaluations. IEMIS is a system that collects, stores, processes, analyzes and disseminates information for educational planning and management. Viewing this benefit in mind, development and strengthening of IEMIS has always been one of the important aspects of capacity building of the education sub-sector in Nepal. As a result, a functional IEMIS has already been placed at the EMIS section at DOE, under the direct supervision of MOE. The term IEMIS itself is self-explanatory. Information collected through different education related agencies should be integrated. Information in IEMIS should be related with education. IEMIS should be a tool of management. IEMIS should provide information to the users, and most importantly IEMIS should function as a system. It has been found that the MOE/DOE have also been guided and governed by these fundamental functions of IEMIS. In fact, information on students, teachers, physical infrastructures, examination results, non-formal education related activities, and other details in current IEMIS are already integrated to each other, however, grade 10 and other examination results, and the school finance details are yet to be integrated in the IEMIS. Information collected in IEMIS are education related, and has been used a tool of management at district and central level. Flash I/II and consolidated reports are ways of disseminating information to the public that has been generated by IEMIS. In addition, IEMIS has always been a backbone for designing plans, programs, implementation of plan, and monitoring and evaluation of all educational activities at school, district, regional and central level. Indicators given in SSRP, SSDP and Annual Strategic Implementation Plan (ASIP)/Annual Work Plan and Budget (AWPB) reflected the use of IEMIS in planning and budgeting activities. 2.1 IEMIS in the government frameworks Development of an IEMIS was and has been one of the important aspects of capacity building of the education sub-sector in Nepal. Under Basic and Primary Education Project (BPEP II), IEMIS as well as Performance Management Information System (PMIS) were established at national and district levels to provide information for monitoring, planning and overseeing BPEP activities. This system was also expanded to provide national education information needed for other various basic and primary educational purposes. Since BPEP II, every government plans and policies have identified and incorporated IEMIS as a part of government reform program which would standardize national data and expand the existing information system to include new indicators on a continuous basis.

2.2 IEMIS in National Information and Communication Technology Policy (ICTP) The ICT Master Plan developed by MOE aimed at improving the speed of internal communication and staffs' access to essential working documents and information. Opportunities not addressed through the ICT Master Plan that still need to be explored include the possible participation in formally accredited on-line educational programs as well as individual and organizational memberships in one or more of the many rapidly expanding Internet-based knowledge communities and professional networks. In conclusion, much more needs to be done to map out, fully understand, and develop a strategy on how the MOE best can explore the opportunities offered by modern ICT. 2.3 IEMIS in Education For All (EFA) EFA (2004-2009) was a five-year strategic plan within the EFA 2015 National Plan of Action (NPA), which was formulated to ensure quality and equity in primary education, enhance quality and relevance of primary education, and improve efficiency and institutional capacity. One of the basic implementation pillars of EFA was the decentralization of Educational Planning and Management through well- equipped IEMIS system at the local level with active community participation and authority. The Joint Evaluation of Nepal's EFA program conducted in March 2009 by Cambridge Education Ltd and METCON Consultants stated that excellent progress has been made on building the data collection and IEMIS including good attention to disaggregation. It also claimed that Flash Reports and Financial Management Reports, the two monitoring tools of EFA are major strongholds in the education sector of Nepal. However, the report has also suggested on paving ways for linking various sub-systems of various education offices in IEMIS system. 2.4 IEMIS in Secondary Education Support Program (SESP) The SESP plan was started in 2002. It was aimed to expand and improve the quality and relevance of public secondary schools. It was also aimed to develop the institutional capacity and management of central and district education institutions and public secondary schools based upon a decentralized system of planning and management. It aimed to achieve its objectives through strengthening IEMIS system by collecting, validating and reporting data. The plan also envisaged using the collected data and information to build various levels of education plans. Under the supervision of the District Education Office (DEO), School Supervisors (SSs) and Resource Persons (RPs) facilitated and coordinated the collection of quantitative and qualitative monitoring and evaluation data. 2.5 IEMIS in School Sector Reform (SSR) The achievements and experiences gained from the implementation of the EFA sub- sector approach and the SESP encouraged Nepal government to embark on SSRP, which was endorsed by the Education Policy Committee in 2007. One of the high emphases of the SSR program is to make the DEOs responsible for making logistical arrangements for school governance, management, planning, financing, quality

assurance and IEMIS. The SSR program also focuses on strengthening IEMIS through developing ICT and training core groups from the district and central level. 2.6 IEMIS in School Sector Development Plan (SSDP) Equal emphasis has been given in SSDP to strengthen the IEMIS at all levels. The SSDP has acknowledged the need for school-based IEMIS to target the needs of each student and therefore aims to strengthen access to and use of data by stakeholders for increased accountability and need-based planning. The SSDP also aims to strengthen IEMIS by adjusting new components in the system and linking various databases of the different line agencies. Production and distribution of report cards, based on the IEMIS has been made special priority during the SSDP. 2.7 Assessment of IEMIS Very little research has been done on the accurateness of data provided by schools. At the global level, Kerrin, et. al. (2016) in "Data Quality Assessment of Management Information System" that was done in Afghanistan stated that the progress made in the past five years with IEMIS is substantial, but also acknowledged that IEMIS in Afghanistan was not able to provide substantial information in a quality and accurate way. This report also stated that lack of consistent monitoring at the school level, lack of capacity and training on forms and procedures, lack of financing staffs, and lack of coordination in data collection within the MOE were the major reasons behind the inaccurate information in IEMIS. 2.8 Current IEMIS Status Nepal started the Flash (I/II)reporting system from the academic year of 2004-05. Flash is a reporting mechanism that includes particular timeline, level wise responsibilities (school, district, regional and central level), internal verification/validation, report generation and the dissemination and use of data at all levels of education system. While IEMIS is a broader concept and accompanies different sub-components, Flash I/II is a sub-component and collects information on different aspects of schools, including teachers. Based on the prescribed indicators, Flash I data is collected at the beginning of the school year while Flash II data is collected at the end of the school year. Flash I collectsinformation on enrollment figures and promotion, repetition, and drop-out rate of schools, Flash II collects information on the retention rate of schools. In other words, Flash I collects information on input and process related indicators while Flash II collects information on output, outcome and program related indicators. The DEOs then use this information to produce district level Flash report while the DOE uses this information to produce national level Flash report. Using this information, the DOE produces Flash I, Flash II and Consolidated report in an annual basis. 2.9 Paper-and-Pen based IEMIS Flash I/II is basically a paperandpen based IEMIS, meaning each school has to fill the questionnaire in a manual basic. Schools are the primary sources of data and they therefore report student, teachers and other details in the Flash questionnaire. Once schools fill these questionnaires, they submit it to the Resource Centers, which then verifies, compiles, and submit the data to the DEOs. School Supervisors, through its regular mechanism also verifies the data reported by the Resource Centers (RCs).

Once RPs and SSs verifies and compiles the questionnaire, they send it to the DEOs for the preparation of district database by entering all schools data in the Flash Software. At the district level, the IEMIS officer enters the Flash questionnaire into the Flash software provided by the DOE. The Flash software has provisions for showing incorrect and inconsistent information, and if and when noted, is sent back to schools for necessary changes. Flash reports produced till 2014/2015 arethe products of paper and pen based IEMIS system. 2.10 Departure from paper and pen based IEMIS to Electronic based IEMIS Flash I/II questionnaires were paper based manual procedures and schools had to fill these questionnaire twice a year. Information was asked at various levels of disaggregation. In such case there were rooms for some errors. Viewing this in mind, the DOE initiated to improve the overall EMIS process and started the electronic version of IEMIS in 2014 where schools were provided with Excel based IEMIS and were asked to fill and update the required information in an annual basis. In the initial year, Bhaktapur, Dang and Darchula successfully completed this transition while in the second year, more than 25 districts made this transition. This number reached to 69districts in 2015 and in the school year 2016, all 75 districts made the transition. As a result, schools now use the electronic IEMIS and provide the necessary information to the district in an electronic mode. Now, schools do not provide information on papers, rather they provide the information in an electronic based school level IEMIS. There is a provision to provide electronic IEMIS to each school. Schools then enter individual level detail information of students, teachers and other information of schools in the electronic IEMIS, and then track the performance of each student, teacher and all activities of the school. Once schools fill and track the data, they provide the electronic IEMIS to DEO through Resource Centers. The DOE then compiles these electronic IEMIS and provides the district level aggregates to DOE and the Regional Education Directorate (RED) for producing the national and regional level data. In order to accomplish all these processes, the DOE and the RED provide capacity development training to the district level IEMIS officers who then train Resource Persons and other respective personnel at district, RC and school level. Flash reports produced from 2015/2016 onwards are a byproduct of electronic IEMIS. 2.11 Flash I, Flash II and Consolidated Reports The DOE produces Flash I, Flash II and Consolidated reports each year and informs stakeholders about the status of education in Nepal. In other words, these reports provide information on the systemic efficiency of the education system and therefore have been widely used for planning, monitoring, and implementation of activities. Information contained on these reports is based on internationally and nationally agreed indicators. As a result, this information has been the basis of plan formulation at all levels. In fact, EMIS has always served as the backbone for the educational plans such as EFA, SSRP and the ongoing SSDP.

Flash I measures input based indicators and provides information on enrollment, and promotion, repetition, dropout rates at each grade characterized by gender, caste/ethnicity, disability and age. Meanwhile, Flash II measures output based indicators and provides information on the retention rate of students. Meanwhile, consolidated report is a five year comparison of data across different indicators. Production of these reports, are meant to inform stakeholders about the status of education in Nepal.

Chapter 3: Methodology 3.1 Survey design This independent verification survey of IEMIS is based on the selected samples. The survey tools were used to collect information from schools using the stratified multi- stage random sampling method. Both qualitative and quantitative data have been used to collect information from sample schools. Technical basis to use the method and field guide was developed on the basis of UNESCO IEMIS concept and structure survey manual. This independent verification survey was conducted in between 22ndFeb to 20thMarch, 2017. During the survey, head teacher or any teacher acting as head teacher was the main source of information. In addition, teacher/staff who has been working as an IEMIS expert was also consulted to know the actual status of IEMIS in each sample school. In addition, the Chairperson of the School Management Committee (SMC) or other SMC members were selected for interview from each sample schools. Conscious efforts were made to include as many female SMC members as possible during the discussion. The ex-chairperson/members of the SMC were consulted in the case of schools without SMC. In each sample school, six to nine students were consulted from grades 8, 9 and 10 to discuss the status and problems related to the availability of full textbooks received by the reference day i.e. Baisakh 15, 2073. Efforts were made to balance gender representation in the student sample as well. 3.2 Geographical coverage This survey was covered in three ecological belts from all seven provinces including Kathmandu Valley. Two districts were selected from mountains, nine districts from hills, three districts from Terai and two districts from Kathmandu Valley (Appendix 1). A total of 1562 schools were selected from 16 sample districts, out of which 1471(94%) were community schools while the rest 91(6%) were institutional schools. All levels of schools, schools with lower basic, upper basic, secondary and higher secondary have been selected for this survey. Schools with early childhood facility have also been considered in the selection of the sample (Appendix1). 3.3 Development of tools Information on students, teachers, and availability of textbooks were collected through quantitative forms. The IEMIS school code has been used in all forms to make them compatible with each other. Information that required qualitative responses were asked through open-ended questions and were used to collect information from head teachers/teachers, SMC chairpersons/members, and students. Information on qualitative responses has been converted into numerical responses and has been provided in the report. All the tools were tested and suggestions were incorporated in the survey tools for final use.

The bulk of the data for the verification was collected from a nationally representative sample of schools, from the selected districts. In addition, individual interviews with head teachers and school management committee chairpersons/members were also conducted in 234 schools to gain deeper insights into factors affecting service delivery at the school level. 3.4 Development of verification manual A verification manual i.e. guidebook was developed to conduct the verification survey in the selected districts and sample schools. The manual was used by the district coordinators and enumerators. The manual intended to provide methodological knowhow and procedures for conducting verification survey at the school level. Major contents included in the manual were objectives and scope of the verification survey, composition of the survey team, role and functions of district coordinators and enumerators, training of enumerators at district level, survey design and methods, methods of cluster determination, administration of survey forms and questionnaires for verification, coding, processing and entry of collected information, and security of information provided by the sampled schools. 3.5 Sampling techniques The total number of 16 sample districts and 1560 (including 100 institutional schools) was decided by the MOE/DOE and the development partners. Based on this decision, sampling of the 16 districts and 1,560 schools were done by using the stratified multi stage random sampling method. As per the TOR, the MOE/DOE jointly with the representation of DPs selected the sample districts by covering 7 provinces, 16 ecological belts of the country, where it was ensured that at least 2 districts from the prescribed ecological belt will be selected. Once it was done, the weight of each sample district was calculated from the total number of schools in the country and in doing so the weight was calculated by unit and level of the schools for each district. Based on the weight of schools for each sample district the number of sample schools was obtained. Overall, the sample method was solely controlled by the MOE/DOE and the development partners while CERID was solely responsible for carrying out the survey as prescribed in the TOR. 3.6 Composition of the survey team A team of experts from the areas of education, IEMIS and statistics was prepared for this study. The survey team was led by a senior researcher to oversee the verification process, including coordination of, and liaison with the survey team members. In order to facilitate comprehensive coverage of IEMIS related information, an advisory committee was formed under the chair of Executive Director of Research Centre For Educational Innovation and Development (CERID) comprising representatives from IEMIS experts as well as key persons from MOE/DOE, representatives of Development Partners (DPs), and stakeholders identified as relevant to the research centre. The committee provided necessary guidelines for undertaking the verification survey. A technical i.e. working committee was formed headed by the team leader of the IEMIS verification survey to conduct the verification survey. Representatives from DOE, MOE, and CERID were involved as the members of the committee. The committee meetings were held at different stages of the verification survey to share

experiences and solve the problems that appeared during the verification survey period. 3.7 Selection of the verification surveyors A total of 16 district coordinators were selected to manage the overall responsibility of survey at the district level. This selection was done on the basis of the roster of experts prepared by CERID. The district coordinators then selected required enumerators in each district to carry out the IEMIS verification. A ratio of 10 schools per one enumerator was applied during the selection of the enumerator. Minimum qualification for enumerators was 10+2 passed, while it was Bachelor’sdegree for the district coordinator. Emphasis was given to ensure that the district coordinator and the enumerators resided in the selected sample districts, and were from education background. 3.8 Orientations to the district coordinators Two- day orientation was arranged at central level for district coordinators. The main objective of the orientation training was to facilitate district coordinators to lead and administer verification survey in the districts. During the orientation, district coordinators were provided conceptual and methodological clarity, importance of IEMIS verification survey, familiarization with skills on sample schools listing in cluster and administration of survey from the cluster, and awareness of their role and responsibility. Besides this, they were also provided with knowledge and insights into the IEMIS verification questionnaires, and the question items, skills for filling out the survey form and preparing field reports. In addition, the district coordinators were provided with the detailed information of sample schools, including the contact details and other relevant information of schools. 3.9 Orientations to the enumerators The district coordinator organized two day training for the enumerators at the district level. The main purpose of this training was to provide knowledge and skills about the methods and procedures of verification survey. The enumerators' training was organized for practical hands on experience on the administration of the IEMIS verification survey. Once the enumerators were trained, mapping exercise was done at the district level to identify the cluster of schools and the appropriate enumerators to the cluster. 3.10 Approaches The central level advisory committee provided necessary guidance to conduct this survey. The working committee followed the advice and provided technical guidance required for this survey. The DOE provided a letter to the respective DEOs for the coordination with the district coordinators. The district coordinators worked as a focal person to link schools with the enumerators. 3.11 Desk review The desk review was done to obtain detail information on the IEMIS indicators and their existing status, and provide insights into the various stages of the survey design. Three main sources of information were used for this purpose: government

documents, study reports, and the international literature on IEMIS verification. The key government documents of relevance included documents on the Education Act 2028, the Education Regulations 2059 (MOE 2002), SSRP, SSDP and series of Flash and consulted reports published by DOE. These documents provided information on the IEMIS processes, existing status, and reporting system for the MOE and its subordinate agencies. Other relevant information and clarifications on IEMIS were obtained through discussions with government officials and DPs' representatives working in the education sector. 3.12 Sample design The IEMIS independent verification survey is based on a stratified multi-stage random sampling design. In the first stage, sample of districts was selected from within each stratum. The second stage involved the selection of schools from within the sampled districts. The sampling universe for the survey consisted of all 35,222 schools (Figure1). Figure 1: Sample Districts

3.13 Field work IEMIS independent verification survey was conducted at the school level according to the verification design. Entire sample schools were listed and different clusters were determined according to the geographical conditions, accessibility of transportation facility and seasonal calendar of agriculture, social activities, religious events and others. If the sample school of the provided list has already been merged to another school and closed, such schools were not surveyed. In such case, the additional sample schools were used from the list of alternative option schools which was provided by the DOE. Interviews were conducted only in sample schools. No replacements were done in case of non-response. However, no such case had happened during the field work.

3.14 Monitoring and supervision The IEMIS independent verification survey team carried out supervision and monitoring during the survey in all selected districts.This was done with a view to assess whether verification survey was carried out according to the design and to be sure whether the activities were completed in time. 3.15 Data entry, processing, analysis and presentation Survey data was entered in Microsoft Excel and was analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel. Qualitative information was dealt in a case by case basis and has been given in the report when and where applicable. Quantitative responses have been provided in tables and graphs in the report. Associated tables with these tables and graphs have been provided in appendixes by eco-regions and districts.

Chapter 4: Data Presentation, Discussion and Analysis This chapter deals with the major findings of the survey. While providing the findings, the analysis has been grouped under community and institutional schools. It has also been grouped into three ecological belts and the Valley. Information by districts has been given in the appendixes. Opinions and views of stakeholders were also converted into numerical responses and have been added when and where necessary. 4.1 Selection of schools Even though 1560 schools were proposed for the sample study, data was collected from 1562 schools, out of which 1471 were community schools while 91 were institutional schools. An initial target of 100 institutional schools for the study could not be capitalized, as some of these schools from Kathmandu district did not allow to capture the data, while some of them were closed during the data collection procedure. Hence, alternative schools had to be selected for the verification survey. Out of the selected schools, 9 percent were from mountains, 69 percent were from hills, 11 percent were from the Terai, and 11 percent were from the Kathmandu Valley. The below given figure provides this information for community and institutional schools. Figure 2: Selection of samples from community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) by ecological region 2.2 7.8 10.1

18.4 22.0

58.2 17.6 63.6

Mountain Hill Terai Valley Mountain Hill Terai Valley

The sample number of community school was mostly from hilly region which was about 64 percent, from Terai it was 18 percent, about 8 percent from Kathmandu valley and remaining 10 percent were from Mountain region. In case of institutional schools, 58 percent sample were from Kathmandu valley, 22 percent from hilly region, about 18 percent from Terai and remaining 2 percent were from mountain region.

Figure 3: Selection of samples from community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) by level 5.2 6.6 18.1 33.0

16.2 60.4 51.6 8.8

Lower Basic Upper Basic Lower Basic Upper Basic Secondary Upper Secondary Secondary Upper Secondary Out of the selected 1471 community schools, 60 percent had lower basic level, 16 percent had upper basic level, and the remaining 23 percent had secondary and higher secondary basic levels. In case of 91 institutional schools, 33 percent had lower basic level;about 9 percent had upper basic level while the remaining 58 percent of the schools had more than upper basic level (Figure 3). In other words, samples from community schools were heavily concentrated in schools with lower basic levels while samples from institutional schools were concentrated in schools with secondary or upper secondary level. Appendix 2 provides the details of this breakdown by ecological belt and district. 4.2 Data reported in IEMIS against the data maintained in the admission register

Enrolment Information on the total number of students was gathered from the electronic IEMIS. Data from Jestha 7 was taken as the reference for this collection of the information. Data from all grades was collected, including Early Childhood Development Program (ECD)/Pre-Primary Children (PPC) and disaggregation of data by Dalit, Janajati, marginalized students was also collected. Since, it is always best to view data in a relative term; data on the number of students that were maintained in the admission register was also collected. Schools prepare the admission registers at the beginning of the academic year and this register records information of all the students that have been enrolled in different times including late enrollees. Data from Jestha was also taken as the reference for this collection. Comparison of the data that schools provided in IEMIS and the data that schools maintained in the admission register therefore, has been given in Figure 4, disaggregated by community schools and institutional schools.

Figure 4: Differences in enrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade ECD/PPC – Grade 5

G5 23401 24311 G5 2393 2483 G4 22976 23725 G4 2236 2332 G3 23872 24577 G3 2458 2693 G2 23871 24833 G2 2651 2773 G1 29922 31244 G1 2643 3288 ECD/PPC 22444 25336 ECD/PPC 3411 3567

Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register

The two charts provide distinct understandings of the maintenance of data in schools. In community schools, in all grades, the number of students reported in IEMIS is lower than the number of students that have been maintained in the register. This trend is also the same in institutional schools as the number of students reported in IEMIS is lower than the number of students maintained in the register. In grade 1, in community schools, the number of students reported in IEMIS remained at 29,922 while this number was 31,244 in the admission register. At grade 1-5, the number of students reported in IEMIS remained at 124,042 while data of 128,690 students were maintained in the admission register. In terms of Dalit students at grade 1-5,details of 27,597 students were recorded in IEMIS, whereas there were 28,379 students in the attendance register. This information was from community schools while at the institutional schools, details of 876 Dalit students were recorded in IEMIS while there were 1,054 students in the attendance register.

As for Janajati students, data for 46,109 were maintained in IEMIS while there were 46,853 students in the attendance register. This information was from community schools while at institutional schools, this number was 4,428 and 5,336 in IEMIS and admission register respectively. In addition, information from 4,341 students from disadvantaged communities were found to be registered in IEMIS in grade 1 to 5 in community schools while details from 4,406 students of such communities were maintained in the register. Appendix3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e and 3f provide this difference for total, Dalit and Janajati students, disaggregated in terms of ecological belt and the districts. Meanwhile, Figure 5 provides the differences in grade 6-8 enrolment that was reported in IEMIS and that was maintained in register for community and institutional schools.

Figure 5: Differences inenrolment of community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-8

G8 22061 23199 G8 1979 2064

G7 21543 22271 G7 2072 2202

G6 21887 23116 G6 2201 2344

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register

In community schools, a total of 65,491 students were found to be reported in IEMIS, while a total of 68,586 students were found to be maintained in the admission register as given inFigure 5. The right hand side figure provides the picture for institutional schools. In terms of Dalit students, a total of 10,992students were registered in IEMIS while 11,710 were maintained in the register. In institutional schools, this number was 442in IEMIS and 329 in the register. As for students from Janajati communities, 24,705 were registered in IEMIS while 24,912 were maintained in the register. In terms of institutional schools though, 2,236 students were maintained in IEMIS while 2,499 students were maintained in the register. In addition, data of 2,472 students from disadvantaged communities were found to be registered in IEMIS while data of 3,076 students were actually maintained in the register. Figure 6: Differences in enrolment ofcommunity schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-10

G10 15132 13850 G10 1622 1630

G9 19649 20368 G9 1934 2002

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000

Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register

Unlike grade ECD/PPC to 5 and grade 9 where the number of students maintained in register is greater than the number of students registered in IEMIS, this is reverse in case of grade 10 as figure 5 represents the differences in enrolment [data] for grade 9-10 for total students. While community schools had more students in IEMIS in grade 9 to 10, this was not the case for institutional schools. In terms of Dalit students, in community schools, a total of 4,449 students were registered in IEMIS while there were 4,350 students maintained in the register. Meanwhile, in institutional schools, 239 Dalit students were maintained in IEMIS while 178 students were maintained in the register. In terms of students from Janajati communities in community schools, 12,172 students were maintained in IEMIS while 11,802 students were maintained in the register. This number was 1,042 in IEMIS and 1248 in the admission registers for the institutional schools. As for students

from marginalized communities go, it has been found that data of 1,446 students has been registered in IEMIS while data for 1,191 students has been maintained in the register. Figure 7: Differences in enrolment ofcommunity schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 11-12

G12 3426 5495 G12 603 966

G11 4456 8283 G11 788 1256

0 5000 10000 15000 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register Reported in IEMIS Maintained in Register

Figure 7provides the differences in enrolment [data] for grade 11-12. The figure in the left represents community schools while the figure in the right represents institutional schools. As for Dalit students, 643 of them were found to be maintained in IEMIS while 1,303 Dalit students were maintained in the admission register. In institutional schools, 56 Dalit students were maintained in IEMIS while 53 were maintained in the register. As for Janajati students, in community schools, 2,080 students were maintained in IEMIS while 3,337 students were maintained in the register. This number was 127 and 798 for institutional schools. In addition, a total of 290 students from marginalized communities were registered in IEMIS in grade 11 and 12, while data of 526 students were maintained in the register. Reasons behind the discrepancy in data were explored during the formal and informal discussion with the head teachers. A total of 140 head teachers said that there were rooms for inflation in paper-and-pen based IEMIS. The introduction of electronic IEMIS, according to them has limited such possibility. Late enrollment, according to all the community and institutional schools, was the major reason behind the increased number of students in the admission register. Half of 234 schools acknowledged that some students enroll at the beginning of the academic year, but once they receive scholarships and other benefits, they never come back to schools. It is due to this reason, some schools have decided not to maintain the record of such students in the IEMIS and the admission register. As schools provide IEMIS data in Jestha and the enrollment of students of grade 11 and 12 continues till Ashwin, there has been more students listed in the admission register than the electronic IEMIS. Nevertheless, Appendix 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and 4f provides this difference for Dalits and Janajatis in ecological belts and the districts. Attendance Information on the number of days students attended in the second month (Jestha) of the academic year was also collected in this independent survey. Headteachers were asked as to how many days schools were opened in that particular month. The attendance register of each grade and each student was then assessed to find out the number of days students actually attended the school. Figure 8 shows this average for community and institutional schools.

Figure 8: Average student attendance days in Jestha, 2073 BS for community (left) and institutional schools (right)

30 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 30 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 22 22 22 21 21 23 21 21 21 21 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 17 20 15 15 10 10 5 5

0 0

G6 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G7 G8 G9 G1 G2 G3 G4 G6 G7 G8 G9

G10 G10

ECD/PPC ECD/PPC

Number of Days Opening Days Number of Days Opening Days

Out of 25 opening days, the above figure showed that students from grade 1 to 3 in community schools were present for 19 days during Jestha while this average remained at 20 for grade 4 to 10. This average for grade 1 to 5 was 16 days in Terai while districts from mountain and the valley had more than 21 days average. In comparison to the community schools, students were institutional schools were found to be in the classrooms as shown in the figure given above. Appendix 5a and 5b provides this information in ecological belts and district. 4.3 Data maintained in the register against the number of students observed in the classroom This independent verification survey attempted to explore the differences in the data that schools reported in IEMIS and maintained in the admission register. In an attempt to understand the regularity of students in schools, this survey also observed the classroom for one day and counted the number of students that were present in the classroom. Figure 9 therefore provides the details of students that were observed in the classroom against the number of students maintained in the register and against the number of students reported in IEMIS. Figure 9: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community

schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade ECD/PPC- Grade 5

22444 25336 29922 31244 23871 24833 23872 24577 22976 23725 23401 24311 3411 3567 2643 3288 2651 2773 2458 2693 2236 2332 2393 2483

IEMIS Register Classroom IEMIS Register Classroom

Out of 124,042 students in community schools that were reported in IEMIS at grade 1 to 5, and out of 128,690 students that were maintained in the register, a total of 99,044 students were in the classrooms during the date of survey. As for Dalit

students, 27,597 of them were reported in IEMIS, 28,379 of them were maintained in the register in community schools while 18,389 Dalit students were observed in the classroom. In institutional schools, there were 876 Dalit students reported in IEMIS, 1054 of them were maintained in the register, while 727 of them were present in the classroom during the survey. In case of Janajati students, at community schools, 46,109 of them were reported in IEMIS, 46,853 of them were maintained in the register, while 35,671 of them were present in the classroom. Meanwhile, at institutional schools this number remained at 4,428, 5,336 and 4,279 in IEMIS, admission register and during the observation respectively. Appendix 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, and 6f provides this distribution for total, Dalit and Janajati students disaggregated by ecological belts and districts. Figure 10provides the status of students reported in IEMIS, maintained in register and the number of students that was observed in classroom at grade 6-8. Figure 10: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community

schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-8

21543 22271 22061 23199 21887 23116 2201 2344 2072 2202 1979 2064

G6 G7 G8 G6 G7 G8

IEMIS Register Classroom IEMIS Register Classroom

As given in Figure 10, the issue of student absenteeism is not confined to particular grades only as students from upper grades also have been absent in the classrooms. In fact, in community schools, at grade 6-8, data from 65,491 students have been maintained in the IEMIS, while data from 68,586 students were found to be maintained in the register while only 50,559 students were observed in the classroom during the survey. Figure in the right hand side reflects the picture of institutional schools. As for Dalit students in community schools, 10,992 has been maintained in the IEMIS, 11,710 of them were maintained in register, while only 7,893 were present in the classroom during the survey. In terms of institutional schools, this number was 422 in IEMIS, 329 in the admission register, and out of them 239 was present in the classroom during the survey. As for Janajati students, in community schools, a total of 24,705Janajati students were registered in IEMIS, 24,912 were maintained in the register while 19,422 of them were present in the classroom. In institutional schools, 2,236 of them were registered in IEMIS, 2,499 of them were maintained in the register while 1,904 of them were actually in the classroom during the survey. Meanwhile, Figure 11provides these differences for grade 9 to 10.

Figure 11: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community

schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-10

19649 20368 15132 13850

1934 2002 1622 1630

G9 G10 G9 G10

IEMIS Register Classroom IEMIS Register Classroom

As seen in Figure 11, data for 34,781 students have been registered in IEMIS in community schools, while 34,218 students have been maintained in the register and 23,221 students were found to be present in the classroom during the survey. This number was 3,556, 3,632 and 3,091 for institutional schools. As for Dalit students in community schools, data of 4,449 students have been maintained in IEMIS, record of 4,350have been maintained in the admission register while 2,943 of them were seen in the classroom. In institutional schools, data for 239 Dalit students have been registered in IEMIS, 178 Dalit students were maintained in the register while 114 of them were present in the classroom. In community schools, records of 12,172Janajati students were registered in IEMIS, 11,802Janajati students were maintained in the register while 8,495 of those students were present in the classroom during the survey. This number was 1,042, 1,248 and 802 for institutional schools. Meanwhile, Figure 12provides these differences for grade 11 and 12. Figure 12: Number of Students in in IEMIS, attendance register and classroom community

schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 11-12

4456 8283 3426 5495

1256 603 966 G11 G12 788 G11 G12 IEMIS Register Classroom IEMIS Register Classroom

The left picture represents community schools and the right picture represents institutional schools and those pictures provide the status of students, maintained in the register and observed during the survey. As for Dalit students, a total of 643 of them were registered in IEMIS, 1,303 of them were maintained in the register in the community schools. Out of those students, 718 were actually present in the classroom. As for institutional schools, this figure remained at 56, 53 and 15respectively. In terms of Janajati students, data for 2,080 students were registered in IEMIS, and 3,337 of them were maintained in the register. Upon visiting those community

schools, only 2,037 of them were present in the classroom. In institutional schools, this number remained at 127, 798 and 241 respectively. Parents are not aware about the need for education is the common answer about the reason for student absenteeism that was recorded during the formal and informal meeting with the head teacher. During the monitoring visit in Ramechhap, it was felt that seasonal migration was the major issue for student absenteeism. In addition, the school head teacher also said that the investment of parents in education, particularly in institutional schools, has motivated parents to send their children regularly. As parents invest very little in community schools, they are not interested and at the same time are not aware in assuring the regularity of their children. The number of students in grade 10 is comparatively lower as students from that grade were preparing for the final examination at home and in special classes. Appendix6g, 6h, 6i, 6j, 6kand 6l provide this information as per ecological belts and districts. 4.4 Data maintained in IEMIS, admission register against the 10 days attendance of students Conscious effort was made to triangulate the information obtained from the IEMIS and the admission register to the attendance record of the students for 10 consecutive days. At particular day, there can be various reasons for student absenteeism, but recording the attendance of students for 10 full days, was considered to provide better response on the regularity of students in schools. Figure 13provides this difference for grade 1 to 5. Figure 13: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at

ECD/PPC-5

22444 25336 29922 31244 23871 24833 23872 24577 22976 23725 23401 24311

3411 3567 2643 3288 2651 2773 2458 2693 2236 2332 2393 2483

IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation

In all grades as given above, the number of students attended over 10 days is similar to what was observed in the particular day. In fact, in community schools, 93,923 students were found to be in the classrooms in grade 1 to 5 during the 10 days observation while 99,044 students were present in the days of observation. In case of institutional schools, this number was 11,646 and 12,165 for 10 days and one day observation respectively. (See Appendix7a, and 7b for information on ecological belts and districts). As 10 days observation was not collected for Dalit and Janajati students, this analysis has not been presented in this report. Meanwhile,Figure 14provides the same information but for grades 6 to 8.

Figure 14: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 6-

21543 22271 22061 23199 21887 23116

2344 2188 2202 1997 2064 1892

G6 G7 G8 G6 G7 G8

IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation

As given in Figure 14, the number of students that was observed in the day of census is very close to the 10 day attendance figures. There were 50,559 students in the classroom during the one day observation while there were 50,189 students during the 10 days observation in the community schools in those three grades. In institutional schools, this figure remained at 6,077 and 6,007 for 1 day and 10 days observation respectively. Unlike other results where institutional schools have the opposite results in comparison to the community schools, this finding is applicable for both types of schools. Meanwhile, Figure 15provides the differences of data for grades 9 to 10. Figure 15: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade 9-

19649 20368 15132 13850

2002 1837 1630 1254

G9 G10 G9 G10

IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation

As shown in Figure 15, there is not much difference in the one day observation data against the 10 days observation data from both community and institutional schools. In fact, in community schools, the number of students that was present during the 1 day observation was 23,221 and the number of students that was present in 10 days observation was 35,513 for grade 9 and 10. Meanwhile, Figure 16presents the one day observation and the 10 days observation for grade 11 and 12.

Figure 16: Observation in community schools (left) and institutional schools (right) at grade

11-12

4456 8283 3426 5495 788 1256 603 966

G11 G12 G11 G12

IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation IEMIS Register 10 Days Observation

Unlike at lower grades, there is not much discrepancy between the regularity of the students even in community schools at the upper grades. In fact, the one day observation in grade 11 had 4749 students in community schools, while during 10 days of attendance observation, 4800 students were present in the classrooms. The same kind of pattern is seen in grade 12 too, as there were 3017 students during the 10 days attendance, while 2857 students were seen during the 1 day observation. Appendix7c and 7d provides the information by ecological belts and districts. 4.5 Status of Teachers In addition to the details of the students, information on teachers was also recorded during this survey. In times of observation, questions were asked about the number of teachers in schools, including privately funded teachers. Each classroom was observed to see the number of teachers present in the classroom. Such observation was only done in community schools and information on teachers was not collected in institutional schools and therefore the analysis has been done for community schools only. Figure 17shows the percentage of teachers that were present in the classrooms disaggregated by levels of schools.

Figure 17: Attendance ofmale (left) and female (right) teachers in the classroom

125

300

191

155

482

187

533

349

1047

2467

103

1373

1081

3157

Upper Upper

ECD/PPC ECD/PPC

Secondary Secondary

Lower Basic Lower Basic Lower

Upper Basic Upper Upper Basic Upper

Present Absent Present Absent

Out of the 1292 ECD/PPC facilitators, and 10458 teachers from lower basic to upper secondary level, the above graphs shows the number of teachers that were found to be in the classroom during the observation. While females are always selected as ECD/PPC facilitators, it has been seen that males have also worked as facilitators in many schools, which means that either qualified females are not in the surroundings or males have also expressed interest in this responsibility. At the lower basic level,

3,157 out of 3,639 male teachers were present in the classroom while this number was 2,467 for female teachers while 300 female teachers of the same level were not in school during the observation. The absenteeism of teachers was very less at the upper secondary level as 91.1% male teachers were present in the classroom while 95.2% female teachers were present in the classroom. Nevertheless, appendix 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d and 9e provides this information in terms of ecological belts, district, school by level, teacher by gender, and teacher by types of appointment. 4.6 Distribution of textbooks Every student is meant to receive full textbooks within the second week of the academic year. In fact, delivery of textbook has been maintained as one of the five major prioritized minimum enabling conditions of schools. In order to measure this condition, this survey also explored as to what percentage of students received full textbooks within the second week of the academic year and what percentage of students received after the second week. Figure 18: Percentage of students receiving full textbooks in community schools

91.4 90.7 91.1 90.7 90.3 90.3 89.2 90.1 89.8

89.6 89.7 89.1 87.9 87.6 88.4 87.7 86.0 79.4 85.3 84.6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Survey, 2017 Flash 2016,2017

Figure 18showed that more than 80% of the students have received full textbooks within the second week of the academic year while the remaining percentage of the students received textbooks at a later date. Textbooks with one cover page, but content of another textbook were also shown during the monitoring visit. Meanwhile, textbooks with blank pages were also found to have happened during the printing of the textbook. Appendix 8 provides further information. Figure 18cleared that majority of the students received textbooks by 15 Baisakh. However, during the interview with headteachers and some students it was found that some students used textbooks from older students; and even though they received the textbook, schools counted them as students not receiving the full textbooks. Some students only received partial textbooks and were not counted in this information. Those students who got some books or borrowed from friends and collected from their communities were not mentioned in the school record. In case of higher grades with optional subjects, even though schools might have received all the compulsory textbooks within time, there were cases that schools received optional textbooks at a later date, and calculation of such information remained a challenge for the schools. Since community schools are only entitled to get free textbooks, this analysis has not been done for institutional schools.

Verification team also made an effort to collect the responses of the students of grade 8, 9, and 10 during the visit of the schools. Questions were asked regarding the delivery of free textbooks to the students. The responses obtained from this qualitative questionnaire were transformed into quantitative form.Figure 19provides this response. Figure 19: Students at grade 8 (left), grade 9 (middle) and grade 10 (right) receiving free textbooks by the second week of the academic year

16% 22% 23%

78% 84% 77%

Full Sets Partial Sets Full Sets Partial Sets Full Sets Partial Sets

Although Figure 18stated that more than 83% students from grade 8 and 9 received full sets of textbooks within the prescribed time, Figure 19stated little less. In case of grade 10 though, responses tally with each other. There were 195 students from both grade 8 and 9 that did not receive one or two textbooks and therefore had to be counted in non-receiving students, and as a result the number of students in grade 8 and 9 is significantly fewer than the Figure 18. Appendix10provides further information. 4.7 Use of IEMIS data A total of 166 head teachers were asked as to how they use IEMIS data and 147 of them said that they use it for scholarship and PCF calculation while 19 head teachers said that they use it for implementing the above said calculation. Eight of them said that they are tired of providing information to different organizations while only 7 of them said that they have actually used this information for making school improvement plan. The rest 140 head teachers said that they use this information to plan for textbooks, teachers, salaries and other administrative stuffs. In addition to school head teachers, SMC member were also found to have good knowledge on IEMIS. Out of 109 SMC members that were interviewed, 83% of them said that they are aware on the reporting of IEMIS data to the respective DEOs. Interestingly, 87% of them said that they actually discuss about the data during their meetings. Table 1 reflects these responses. Table 1: SMC Chairpersons/Members’ responses on IEMIS Status SN Responses Don’t Yes % No % Know % 1 Aware on reporting IEMIS data to DEO 83 76.1 16 14.7 10 9.2 2 Discussion in SMC meeting about IEMIS 87 79.8 10 9.2 12 11 3 Knowledge about IEMIS documentation 77 70.6 21 19.3 11 10.1 4 Sharing on IEMIS by RP on different forums 85 78 15 13.8 9 8.3 5 Conduction of social audits 92 84.4 9 8.3 8 7.3 Source: IEMIS Verification Survey, 2017

Questions were also asked as to how IEMIS can be strengthened in the future and out of 141 head teachers, 75 of them requested for hardware and computer training support. Similarly, 18 head teachers said that district level monitoring is an issue as DEOs never monitor their schools. There have also been requests for separate IEMIS teacher at school level, as 12 head teachers explicitly asked for this request. Together with the demand for computers, these responses clearly indicate that schools now perceive technology as a way forward in the future. It is to be noted that during the survey, majority of the community schools had new authorities at SMC and therefore some of them were yet to be proactive in SMC related decisions. To conclude, the above analysis shows that differences have been observed between different datasets. As this study was a pure survey in nature, the outcome of this analysis has been grouped under different themes and has been given in the next section, with appropriate headings.

Chapter 5: Findings, conclusions and recommendations 5.1 Findings Diagnosis of educational system is not possible without information. Viewing this importance in mind, all major plans and programs of Nepal have given equal emphasis in collection, management and dissemination of information at all levels. The current IEMIS is the major source of information and therefore emphasis has been laid to generate as accurate information as possible. This independent IEMIS survey is also an effort to see the degree of accurateness in the IEMIS. The section given below shows the findings of this survey and has been provided in different themes. The first four themes provide methodological findings on the collection of disaggregated data, and the set of indicators as prescribed in the objectives. The second six themes provide findings on the comparison of survey data with electronic IEMIS data, and the identification of potential reasons for the discrepancies, as set in the objectives. Suggestions on improvement of IEMIS, the remaining objective of this survey, have been provided in the recommendation section. Degree of cooperativeness by schools  By and large, community schools were very cooperative. In contrast, institutional schools were less cooperative, particularly schools from the Kathmandu and Lalitpur district. Data inconsistencies: reported vs. maintained in the register  The community schools reported 124,042 students in IEMIS for grade 1 to 5. These schools had 128,690 schools in their admission register. A total of 4,648 students were found to be different between the two datasets. Late enrollment was found to be the major reason behind this disparity. By and large, students from migrant families are the late enrollees in schools.  In terms of ECD/PPC too, there are more children maintained in the register than were reported in IEMIS as there were 22,444 children in the register and 25,336 children in IEMIS.  In terms of grade 6 to 8, in community schools, there were 65,491 students reported in IEMIS while these schools had 68,586 students maintained in the admission registers giving the difference of 3,095 students between the two datasets.  At grade 9 to 10, in community schools, data of 34,781 students have been provided in IEMIS while data for 34,218 students have been maintained in the admission register. This gives a difference of 563 between the two datasets. Unlike ECD/PPC to grade 8, where the number of students is greater in the admission register; this is the reverse in case of grade 9 to 10.  In terms of grade 11 to 12, in community schools, there were 7,882 students reported in IEMIS while these schools had 13,778 students maintained in the admission registers. In other words, the number of students in admission register surpasses the number of student reported in IEMIS by a total of 5,896. This difference is of least value as enrollment of grade 11 students normally

happens 3 months after the reference date of data collection i.e., Jestha 7. In other words, schools provide electronic IEMIS on the basis of Jestha 7 enrollment but the admission for grade 11 students starts after 3 months of the reference date of Jestha 7.  The case of institutional schools is also the same as of community schools as there were 11,119 students in grade 6-12 that was reported in IEMIS but had 12,464 students in the admission registers. At grade 1-5, this number remained at 12,381 and 13569 respectively. Data discrepancies: reported vs. available student attendance in Jestha  The attendance register of students for the month of Jestha was also obtained to see the number of students attended in the classroom. This calculation showed that students were very present in the classroom during that month as students were present for 19 to 20 days in the whole month in comparison to the 25 days that schools were opened. This number was 15 in Sarlahi and Rautahat districts, while this number was 23 in districts such as Darchula and Solukhumbu from the mountain region. Data discrepancies: maintained vs. observed  Students were also observed during the survey. Out of 124,042 students that were registered in IEMIS and out of 128,690 students that were maintained in the registers in community schools, at grade 1-5, 99,044 students were seen in the classrooms. In terms of percentage, this number corresponds to 80% in terms of IEMIS and 77% in terms of admission registers. Out of the students that were maintained in the register and out of the students that were present in the classroom, as high as 86% of the students were in the classroom during the observation in the Valley while this percentage was only 73 in districts from the Terai. During the interview with the headteachers and SMC members, they acknowledged that parents are not interested to ensure the attendance of the students. While parents pay finances in institutional schools, they are concerned about the regularity of their children, but in community schools, where parents do not share the burden, they are not interested about the attendance is the common answer.  Out of 13,569 students that were maintained in the registers, and 12,381 students that were registered in IEMIS, a total of 12,165 were actually seen in the classroom. This was the case for grade 1 to 5 in institutional schools. This corresponds to 89% of the students in terms of registers, and 98% in terms of IEMIS. It is to be noted that the information on IEMIS was based on Jestha 7 data, information on admission register is something that schools maintain when students enroll in schools and information on observation was calculated based on the head counting of students at a particular day.  At grade 6-8, in community schools, 50,559 students were present in the classroom during the survey, while a record of 68,586 was maintained in the register and a record of 65,491 students was maintained in IEMIS. This is 73% in terms of register and 77% in terms of the IEMIS. At grade 9-10, a total of 23,221 students were seen in the classrooms while there were 34,218 students in the admission register and 34,781 in the IEMIS. In terms of percentages, it is 68% against the admission register and 67% against the

IEMIS. At grade 11 and 12, a total of 7,766 students were present in the classroom during the survey while data for 13,778 has been maintained in the register and 7,882 in the IEMIS. This is 56% against the admission register and 98% against the IEMIS. Many students from grade 10 however, were absent during the survey as they were preparing for final examination results at home and in special coaching classes. Data discrepancies: One day observation against 10 days attendance of students  In grade 1 to 5, out of 128,690 students data that were maintained in the register and out of 124,042 students listed in IEMIS, a total of 77,421 of them were present in the classroom during the survey. As there could be many reasons for the absenteeism of students during a particular day 10 days attendance of students were also collected during the survey. The 10 days attendance of students showed that 93932 of the students from grade 1 to 5, in community schools were present in the classrooms. Schools from the valley had the same percentage of students in one day observation and the 10 days attendance while students fromTerai regions had 77% attendance for the 10 days period while this figure was 86% for one day observation.  In case of institutional schools, 12,165 students were in the classroom during one day observation while there were 11,831 students in the classrooms by looking at the 10 days attendance.  In contrast to the data provided above for grade 1-5, the observation trend and the 10 days attendance trend of students for grade 6-8 at community schools looks steady. In fact, during the one day observation, 50,559 students from grade 6-8 were present in the classroom whereas 50,189 students were present in the 10 days attendance record. Even in districts like Sarlahi and Rautahat, this trend is steady as there were 4,446 students during the one day observation while there were 4,899 students in 10 days attendance record.  The case of institutional schools in grade 6-8 is also steady as there were 6,077 students in a one day observation while there were 6,007 students in 10 days attendance record.  A total of 23,221 students from grade 9-10 of were found to be in the classroom during one day observation while there were 25,102 students in the 10 days observation. While this number represented community schools, there were 3,091 and 3,165 in one day and 10 days observation respectively in institutional schools.  At grade 11 and 12, in community schools, there were 7,766 students in one day observation while there were 7,657 students in 10 days observation. This number remained at 1,213 and 1,450 at institutional schools.  While the average attendance in one day observation or 10 days observation hovered around 77% in all levels, this survey cannot justify that only 2/3rd of the students have been in the class all year. If only the 25% absentees are actually the same in 10 days observation, then this survey can justify this claim. However, this survey was not conducted at the student level, this survey only states that around 77% of the student were in the classroom

during the observation. Extra research needs to be conducted to find out the attendance level of students in schools. Data discrepancies: Reported vs. Presence of teachers  During the survey, classrooms were observed to see the presence of teachers in classrooms and schools. This observation was done in community schools only. Discussion was held with head teachers and other fellow teachers to confirm the status of teachers. In totality, most of the teachers were found to be in schools and in classrooms. In fact, 1,047 out of 1,172 female ECD/PPC facilitators and 103 out of 120 male facilitators were present in schools during the observation. Similarly, 2,467 out of 2,767 female teachers and 3,157 out of 3,639 male teachers at the lower basic level were present in the classrooms. At the upper basic level, 533 out of 584 female teachers, and 1,373 out of 1,564 male teachers were present in the classroom. At the secondary level of grade 9-10, 187 out of 201 female teachers and 1,081 out of 1,236 male teachers were present in the classroom. At the upper secondary level of grade 10-12, 80 female teachers and 349 male teachers were present in the classrooms while 4 female teachers and 34 male teachers were not present in the classroom. Data discrepancies: distribution of textbooks  This was one of the major challenges in terms of collecting the information. There were two options for this questionnaire, one that received full textbooks before Baisakh 15 and another that received full textbooks after Baisakh 15. However, there were cases of in-between, whereby students received bulk of the textbooks before Baisakh 15 but received one or two textbooks after Baisakh 15. Such case however, has been added as students with full textbooks before Baisakh 15. Students that were enrolled after Baisakh 15 were naturally the ones that received textbooks after Baisakh 15, meaning delivery of textbooks after Baisakh 15 cannot be viewed as policy inefficiency because of these late enrollments. Nevertheless, out of 230356 students in grade 1 to 10, 195802 of them were found to have received full textbooks within Baisakh 15. This corresponds to 85% of the total students that have received full textbooks within Baisakh 15. This information was based on the questionnaire. In order to ensure this response, interviews were done with grade 8, 9 and 10 students and it was learnt that 77% of the students from grade 8 said that they received full sets of textbooks, 78% of the students from grade 9 and 84% of the students from grade 10 also received full sets of textbooks. This information itself cannot detail the efficiency of textbook delivery in schools, as 15% of these students said that they borrowed textbooks from their companions and/or elders. Use of IEMIS  Community Schools were asked as to how they felt about the overall procedures of IEMIS and how they use data in schools. Out of 166 head teachers, 140 of them said that they use IEMIS data for planning purposes, especially to plan for textbooks, teachers, salaries and other administrative stuffs. Many schools are aware about the need of data for different purposes, as 90 out of 103 SMC members said that IEMIS has always been a topic of

discussion in the SMC meetings. Technology should be a part of data collection procedure, as 75 out of 141 head teachers requested for hardware and computer training support. Overall impression of IEMIS  Each year, DOE provides relevant information to the stakeholders in the form of Flash and consolidated reports. These reports provide fruitful information to all of us and is a composition of information and analysis. Provision of such reports itself is a commendable task. It has also been found that DOE has moved one step ahead and has now used the electronic IEMIS to capture school level information. The use of electronic IEMIS has ensured an electronic record keeping system in all schools, and at the same time has made schools accountable for their own data. This accountability will eventually lead to the reliability of the data. 5.2 Conclusions There are discrepancies in two different datasets. In fact, a total of 4,648 students from grade 1 to 5 were found to be different in two datasets compiled from 1472 community schools across 16 districts. At grades 6-8, in community schools, 65,491 students were reported in IEMIS whereas 68,586 students were maintained in the register. At grades 9-10, in the community schools, this number was 34,781 and 34,218 respectively. At grades 11 and 12, in those community schools, this number was 7,882 and 13,778 respectively. In terms of differences, there were 3,095more students maintained in the register at grade 6-8. Unlike grade 1 to 8 where the number of students reported in IEMIS is lesser than the number of students maintained in the register, this tendency is reverse in case of students from grade 9 to 10 as there were 563 more students in IEMIS than the admission register. In grade 11 and 12, the number of students in admission register is greater than the number of students reported in IEMIS and this difference is 5,896 in terms of numbers. These differences show the trend of late enrollment in the schools, which means budgetary allocation needs to consider these students as well. Retention of students in schools, this survey concludes, should be given special priority. This priority can be enforced through policy level initiatives and/or program level initiatives as this survey found out that around 75 to 80% of the students were in the classroom during one day observation and by observing the 10 days attendance registers. Since absenteeism is one of the major causes for drop- outs, necessary measures have to be undertaken to resolve this issue. Concerns have been raised in all forums about the absenteeism of teachers in schools. This survey found out that more than 85% of the teachers were in classrooms during the survey. Since, it is difficult to assume that all teachers can be in schools each day, therefore, this study concludes that necessary provisions of substituting teachers need to be made in case of teacher absenteeism. Textbooks are an integral part of teaching learning process, and by constitution, each student is entitled to receive free textbooks within the prescribed time. With an exception to some students, all of the students have received textbooks, however, the prescribed time might not have been met in some cases. Students receiving partial

textbooks within the prescribed date and partial textbooks after the prescribed date were also difficult to measure. There were some students who were never in need for the textbooks, as they borrowed it from their friends and/or elders, and therefore, they had to be excluded from this information. In this respect, this survey concludes that information on delivery of textbooks on prescribed time might not reflect the true picture and therefore emphasis has to be laid to identify the number of students that have received textbooks by different sources in different times and emphasis has to be laid to identify the ways as to how students managed to participate in learning process even without the textbooks. During the formal and informal discussion with the headteachers, it was understood that to some extent, the student based funding policy has encouraged schools to provide false information. Similarly, financial and/or other benefits to teachers are not directly linked with the educational indicators of schools, and therefore teachers have not been accountable to schools, even though many teachers were found to be in schools during the observation. This study therefore concludes that such kind of policy measures need to be reassessed in order to make schools more accountable to students and link every benefits with the educational indicators. A pool of experts needs to be formed to discuss and explore the alternatives to student-based funding system in order to reduce the possibility of such false information. 5.3 Recommendations Findings and conclusions given above have major implications over Nepal’s commitment to strengthen IEMIS and to provide schools with equitable resources. One, discrepancy of information between two datasets will weaken IEMIS and will also lead to alternatives of IEMIS, which is something that has to be discouraged. Two, schools will not adhere to rule of law if they realize that other schools have received the budgetary and other opportunities based on the number of students that are not real; and as a result, many schools will start to dictate this trend, which has to be discouraged. Nevertheless, the recommendations given below, provides ways through which some of the growing issues, observed during this survey can be minimized. Methodological recommendations:  Unbiased and independent verification paves the way for effective assessment of a system and IEMIS is not an exception. However, such verification process demands huge resources and in this context, mechanism has to be developed to verify IEMIS data at the local level. Many districts have already started this initiative by requesting schools to provide the printed version of the student details along with the electronic IEMIS. Together with this information, these districts have verified the student at the school level. Replication of such mechanism to all districts is highly recommended.  Collection of data is a daunting task. Layers of data disaggregation further complicate such collection. The number of students observed in the classroom characterized by Dalit, Janajati and other minority communities was a major challenge during the data collection. Facilitators had to use their own knowledge to distinguish the differences and there were rooms for many errors. There was always a challenge to tally this information with other information provided by schools. In this respect, survey of this nature, in

future time, needs to rethink about such data disaggregation during the design of the questionnaire. Policy recommendations:  Head teachers are the major source of information in schools. SMC/PTA members also are the source of information in schools. Anyone who wishes to get information from schools, therefore has to rely on head teachers and/or SMC/PTA members which can be time consuming if they are not readily available. In this context, policy decisions should be made so that schools would be made accountable to display minimum level of information in school premises that not only eases the workload of head teachers but also helps collect information in less time. Discussions with pool of experts would be sufficient enough to decide the minimum level of information required in school premises.  All schools are now using electronic IEMIS to manage their information. This electronic IEMIS has been designed in Microsoft Excel and has been generated for each school across the country. Schools, then use this Excel to track the performance of each student across different grades and multiple years. Once schools update their information, they provide this Excel to DEOs in pen drive and email accounts. In this respect, schools are now using computers to enter their own data. However, time has now come to categorize schools in different groups. One group of schools is, schools with computers and electricity, which should now be facilitated with additional electronic attendance system that enables them to register the attendance of students in an electronic mode. There has to be a linkage between IEMIS and electronic attendance system. An identification card of each student with QR code attached in it, would ease the process of electronic attendance system. Second group of schools are schools with electricity only, which needs to be equipped with computers and eventually should be pushed towards the first group. Last group of schools are schools with neither facilities, which needs to be equipped with standard attendance register. This mode of planning exercise and the collection of information would be helpful in assuring the number of students in each school. Verification of the first and second group of schools would be conducted by examining the electronic attendance register, while verification of the third group of schools would be conducted through surveys, but by the local government.  The implementation of electronic register system for teachers should also be a part of policy interventions in the future. This register system can be designed in such a way that enables schools to maintain the attendance of teachers in an electronic way through the use of Mobile and/or other technological appliances. Since Internet facility has expanded all over the country, necessary provisions can be made to implement such electronic system through mobile applications. Necessary funds for data package can be made available to schools, and will not be costly.  Since information is an integral part of education system, each training materials should also have contents on IEMIS. It has been seen and observed that IEMIS has never been an issue of discussions at various trainings organized by different agencies.

 Current IEMIS contains detailed information of each student from each grade. In such context, information required at the national level, including National Examination Board should be based on current IEMIS. Policy interventions need to be addressed to comply this information to the National Examination Board that require the same information for examination purpose. This should not be a huge task and if completed, increases the validity and reliability of the electronic IEMIS and reduces the workload at district and school level. Programmatic recommendations:  As Nepal is moving towards federal structure, educational committee of the local governance should be made accountable to conduct such study and to reduce such discrepancies.  The submission of current electronic IEMIS is a manual process, meaning schools have to fill the electronic IEMIS in computers, but have to submit this information through pen drives and/or emails. The time has now come to design an online data submission system that allows schools to submit their electronic IEMIS through Internet facility. Once submitted, schools should be provided with their report cards that they can use for verification and other purposes. Provision of such report cards would be beneficial to measure the accurateness of students in schools. Mobile applications based on electronic IEMIS would be one another prospect of work.  As schools continue to pursue electronic IEMIS, schools need to equip with manuals/procedures regarding electronic IEMIS. Results of such research have to be shared with schools to show the areas of issues and conflicts. Since the new structure will be based on competitive and collaborative federal system, such sharing of information would be worthwhile in the future.  Microscopic analysis of those schools that had the biggest dispersion of data has to be done to identify the issue regarding the disparity. Questions need to be asked to those schools that had the vast disparity and solutions need to be explored.  As schools now embrace electronic IEMIS to maintain and report their data, programmatic directions have to be made to schools and the DEOs to fully utilize this information bank for designing plans and programs at all levels. In fact, electronic IEMIS should be the source of information that is required at all levels. Efforts should be made to include any information that is not included in current electronic IEMIS.

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School Sector Development Program Terms of Reference for Verification of Education Information Management System 1. Background The School Sector Development Plan (SSDP 2016-2023) has been recently launched to bring comprehensive reform in school education in the country. In particular, improving delivery of quality of education remains central to SSDP objectives. Over the past few decades, educational indicators have shown promising results in meeting the targets, mainly in the net intake rate in grade one, the net enrolment at basic level, the gender parity ratio, the percentage of teachers with required qualification and training, the survival rate at both primary and basic level, and in overall efficiency measured in terms of coefficient of efficiency. Based on lessons learnt from the SSRP (2009-015) and as envisaged in the SSDP document, it is agreed that the Disbursement Linked Indicators (DLIs) are part of the overall implementation framework of SSDP adopted by the 8 Joint Financing Partners (JFPs) supporting SSDP in a sector wide approach. The DLIs to be financed under the SSDP have been selected on the basis of: (i) priority results areas identified (ii) strategic focus on the education quality enhancement as envisaged in the Government’s SSDP program; (iii) identification of a few key actions and results that would support fundamental system-level transformations; and (iv) local and global evidence on what works (including lessons learnt from SSRP). The verification of the achievement of DLIs will be carried out by an independent verification agent(s) commissioned by the Government of Nepal. As per the agreed timeline/actions the DLI related to the first round of independent Verification of Education Information Management System (EMIS) need to be completed by the end of April 2017, for this, the DOE . The Department of Education (DOE) is fully aware that the effective implementation SSDP will require robust data recording and tracking system. While it is true that Nepal has made remarkable progress in collecting and tracking comprehensive education data, there are certain lapses particularly pertaining to quality of data which can be further improved. This was pointed by Public Expenditure Tracking survey (PETS/ QSDS) carried out in 2012/13 which showed that enrolment figures are inflated by about 10%. This is because school based data is self-reported. In recent times, there has been a major push to discourage schools from reporting fake data by transitioning to software based individualized data collection system from previously paper based. However, we are yet to measure effectiveness of the new system. The existing monitoring system depends on a well-established Education Management Information System (EMIS). The EMIS with its Flash I and II reports and annual status reports, including progress on the key indicators, constitute important sources for assessing performance at the output and outcome level. Likewise, number of grants and school based support depend on number of students. It is in this light that our education data should be accurate, reliable and that the data collection system is simple, user friendly and robust. Improving the quality and credibility of reporting systems has been one of the primary agenda of the DOE. Therefore, DOE has been consistently engaged in the pursuit of making the data system more robust, credible and reliable. In this effort, a mechanism of data quality control and validation is needed. For this purpose, the DOE is conducting a nationally representative survey of

schools in the country to validate 3 indicators, in disaggregated form, of EMIS. The survey is expected to present the true picture of the sanity of the reported data as well as reasons attributable for the situation that currently exist. 2. Objectives The assessment is expected to meet the following objectives: 1) Collect disaggregated data on three agreed indicators from sampled schools. 2) Obtain data on three agreed indicators from Flash I of FY 2016/17. 3) Compare survey data with Flash data of all indicators, and report if inconsistency is significant at 95% confidence level. 4) Identify potential reasons for inconsistencies between actual results and survey results if inconsistencies exist. 5) Suggest ways and means to improve the overall EMIS system. 3. Indicators to verify Indicator-1: Students enrolled both in community and Institutional schools in each grade (ECED up to the highest grade offered by the school), disaggregated by gender and ethnicity (Dalit and 22 marginalized communities only) and disabilities1 Indicator-2: Total number of community schools teachers at ECED, Basic and Secondary level (grades 9-12) disaggregated by gender and dalit/non-dalit as well as by types of their appointment (working in approved positions, Rahat positions, PCF and Hired by school/community). Indicator -3: Percentage of students in community schools receiving textbooks, within two weeks of the beginning of the school year (i.e.15 Baishak 2073) at Basic and Secondary level (grades 9- 10). Methodology

The team will develop a comprehensive as well systematic plan for verification of EMIS indicators in sampled sites and locations. This may also require consultation with the Survey Support Team representing the Development Partners (DPs) and the DoE. 4.1 Visiting sample schools After receiving the list of schools for the verification survey from DOE, the verification Consultants/firms will make unannounced visits to the sample schools and collect necessary data on the agreed indicators in specified format. Also, no DEOs should be pre-informed of the

11) Dalit:1) Lohar: Backsmith from Tarai 2) Sunar: Goldsmith 3) Kami: Black Smith from Hills 4) Damai: Talior master 5) Sarki: Shoemaker 6) Badi: Intertainers:Dancer) 7) Gaine:Singers8) Kusule:Bandmaster 9) Kuche:Sweeprt from tarai 10) Chyame: 11) Pode:Sweeprr 12) Chamar:Shoemaker form Tarai 13) Dhobi:Loundryman 14)Paswan15)Tatma:Blaksmith16)Dom17)Watar18)Khatwe19)Musahar20)Santhal 21) Satar: 22)Halkhor:Plouger 2) Extremely disadvantaged Janajati: Kusunda, Bankaria, Raute, Surel, Hayu, Raji, Kisan, Lopcha, Meche, Kuswadiya, Majhi, Siyar, Shinsa, Thudam, Dhanuk, Chepang, Satar (sathal), Jhangad, Thami, Bote, Danuwar, Baramu 3) Major Types of Disabilities:1) Physical disability: student with problem for movement of physical bodies, utilize. 2) Intellectually impaired: Student with problem for intereact with surrounding and not developed the intelegence with age growth. 3) Hearing impaired: student who are totally deaf, cann’t speak properly and use the symbolic language for communication. 4) Visually impaired: Student who are totally blind and can not see the color and sape of any kind of object. 5) Low Vision: Student who can not see the vision/E-chart from the distance of 10-20 fit. 7) Vocal and speech related disabilities: student with problem to talk (speak). 8) Muultiple disabilities

surveys. This is to ensure that the sample schools do not get any prior information of the verification survey and preserve the sanity of the whole process. 4.2 Survey specifications The survey is expected to follow mixed design whereby conducting verification of EMIS indicators, using head counts as well as secondary data which are available in the form of database maintained by the school. Student enrollment must be computed as the average attendance rate of the last 10 days of school opening (with teaching learning activities) based on the student attendance register. In addition, students, teachers and head teacher in particular, and chairperson and members of school management committee will be interviewed for data collection. These data are primarily quantitative data and will be utilized to compute relevant EMIS indicators. 4.3 Selection of the sample districts and schools The study must use nationally representative sample so that the results can be statistically inferred to all 75 districts including seven provinces and three ecological belts plus Kathmandu valley. The assessment should also make sufficient coverage to represent both community and institutional schools and the situation in both rural and urban areas. A total of 1,460 community schools and 100 institutional schools from 16 sample districts including Kathmandu valley are expected to be covered. The selection of districts and schools should follow stratified random sampling procedure to represent three ecological belts, seven provinces and Kathmandu valley. 4.5 Detail Verification Methodology The following steps are taken to verify each of the 3 specified EMIS indicators. Verification Protocol SN Indicators 1 Students enrolled both in  Refer to the student register for classes (ECED to the highest Community and Institutional grade offered by the school) and record the number mentioned in schools in each grade (ECED up to the register disaggregated by gender and ethnicities (dalit and 22 the highest grade offered by the marginalized communities only) by taking average attendance rate of the last 10 days, of each class. school), disaggregated by gender  Do a head count of number of students in all classes/sections and ethnicity (dalit and 22 (ECED to the highest grade offered by the school) and record marginalized communities only) total number of students attended in the survey day and disabilities disaggregated by gender and ethnicities (dalit and 22 marginalized communities only). 2 Total number of community school  Refer to the teacher profiles/records and teacher attendance teachers at ECED, Basic and register and count the total number of teachers teaching at Secondary level (grades 9-12 ECED, Basic and Secondary level (grades 9-12) disaggregated disaggregated by gender and by gender and dalit/non-dalit as well as by types of their appointment (working in approved positions, Rahat positions, dalit/non-dalit as well as by types PCF and Hired by school/community) of their appointment (working in approved positions, Rahat positions, PCF and Hired by school/community). 3 Percentage of students in  Observe the records of text books availability by date and class community schools receiving consulting with school administration and also ask to the grade 9 textbooks, within two weeks of the and 10 students that how many students have received and not beginning of the school year (i.e.15 received complete sets of textbooks by the reference date (i.e.15

Verification Protocol SN Indicators Baishak 2073) at Basic and Baishak 2073) during head count of students by class. If the Secondary level (grades 9-10). students did not get the full set of textbooks by the reference date then record the date that they receive the last textbook. This information should be recorded for each grade of the sample school. Build database for each school: The data compiled for each school can be processed to fill up the following dummy tables.

Table 1 Grade wise total enrolment by schools as reported in Flash I 2073 V DC Grade wise total enrolment reported in Flash I 2073 Sch Nam / EC ool e of Mu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Remar Ward ED Cod Sch nic ks e ool ipa lity T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G

No. of dlait students among them No of students belonging to other

22 disadvantaged ethnic groups Table 2 Grade wise total enrolment by schools based on the student attendance register during the visit V Grade wise total enrolment in student enrolment record 2073 DC EC Scho Nam / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 S ol e of Mu ED Remar Ward N Cod Sch nic ks e ool ipa T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G lity

No. of dlait students among them No of students belonging to other

22 disadvantaged ethnic groups

Table 3 Grade wise total students by schools based on the head count during the visit V Grade wise total student attended in 2073/...... /...... DC EC Scho Nam / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 S ol e of Mu ED Remar Ward N Cod Sch nic ks e ool ipa T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G lity

No. of dlait students among them No of students belonging to other

22 disadvantaged ethnic groups

Table 4 Grade wise average attendance of last 10 working days V Grade wise average student attended in 2073/...... /...... to 2073...../...... DC EC Sch Nam / 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 S ool e of Mu ED Remar Ward N Cod Sch nic ks e ool ipa T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G T G lity

Table 5 level wise total teacher by schools and social categories (in community schools) 2073 R Sch Total number of teacher by level Number Dalit teacher by level Number teacher by types of appointment by level e ool VD m Cod Na C/ a L_s L_s e me Mu Pri Sec H_s Pri Sec H_se r S War EC eco EC eco EC (E of nici mar ond econ mar ond cond Primary L_secondary Secondary H_secondary k N d ED ndar D ndar D MI Sch palit y ary dary y ary ary s S ool y y y Cod T F T F T F T F T F T F T F T F T F T F 1 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 e)

Note: Code for Teachers by typeas of appointment: 1=Approved position, 2=Rahat position, 3=PCF, 4=Appointed by school/community Table 6: Number of students received full sets of textbooks by Baishak 15, 2073 School Code VDC/ Grade wise number of students received full sets of textbooks by Name of School Ward (EMIS Code) Municipality Baishak 15, 2073

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Each of the dataset coming from sample schools must be combined to form a master database. This will be followed by calculation for weights for each of the schools. This dataset can be used to estimate values for each of EMIS indicators. Else, the survey firm will need to characterize how far away the estimation is with respect to the true value by computing the percentage difference. 4. Study approach For the scope of work mentioned above, the survey team is expected to conduct the following:  Review of documents MOE/DOE reports progress on EMIS indicators through period reports such as Flash and Status. The survey team is required to take stock of data reported on these documents to compare against the computed estimation from survey.  Development of tools The survey team is required to develop appropriate tools for the collection and verification of information to meet the objectives of this survey. The tools will be finalized in consultation with the DOE and the DPs.  Analysis of reported data The team will be required to produce field verification survey report. The verification survey report should confirm if reported value (the data recorded in school and reported in the flash report) is significantly different from the actual value (the data collected during the survey). In the case that there is statistical difference, the surveying agency will also need to report the gap between actual and reported value and reason (if any) attributable for the such situation.

The report must contain school-wise comparative data of the agreed indicators. The agency must share soft copies of the data in the format satisfactory to DOE and the DPs. 5. Implementation Arrangements DoE will constitute a committee to facilitate the survey task. The committee will meet to review the progress made by the survey team/consultants. In order to support the Survey scope of work mentioned above, DoE will provide the following:  Flash Report (both soft and hard copies)  Status Report (both soft and hard copies)  Database information (both students and teachers)- Access to review the database including printed copy of information as required. This is an independent work, therefore there will be no counterparts to work with the consultants. However, the Survey Support Team will provide necessary support to the consultant team as required. 6. Time Frame and Schedule The assessment is expected to start by the third week of January and the final report has to be submitted by April 2017. Table 2: List of activities and tentative schedule Deliverables Due date Meeting with DoE and DPs 29th Dec., 2016 (Paush 14) Review of documents and Reports 17th Jan. to 22thJan. 2017 (Margha 4-9) Development of tools and finalization 17th Jan. to 24thJan. 2017 (Margha 4-11) Finalization of Field survey plan and strategies in consultation 24th Jan. to 31stJan. 2017 (Margha 11- with the survey support committee, and training of the Magh 18) enumerators Field work (survey) 1st Feb. to 7thMarch. 2017 (Margha 19- Falgun24) Consultation meeting at the central level (DoE, DPs and CERID 15th March, 2017 (Chaitra 2) Submission of the draft report and sharing with DoE and DPs 26th March, 2017 (Chaitra 13) Submission of the final report to DoE 30th April, 2017 ( 2074 Baishak 19) 7. Reporting The verifying agency or the individual experts/consultants will be required to prepare and submit the following: Inception Report – The inception report has to be prepared within one week of signing the contract. The report should include detailed survey approach, methodology and tools, plan of action and report outline. A draft report - for review, by 26th March, 2017 Final Report – revised version incorporating the comments from DOE and DPs, including soft and hard copies of the data, by30thApril 2017.

Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Dadeldhura Ajaymeru Adhar V 730010005 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Betal Pra V 730010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bhagwati Pra V 730010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Kriti Educational Academy 730010007 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Dadeldhura Nawa Durga Adhar V 730010001 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Sahasraling Ma V 730010003 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Samaiji Pra V 730010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Adarsha Pra V 730020024 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Akata Pra V 730020026 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Alital Pra V 730020001 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bagwati Pra V 730020007 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bal Kalyan Adhar V 730020009 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Balwan Pra V 730020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bhim Datta Pra V 730020023 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Durga Ma V 730020014 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Ganesh Adhar V 730020012 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Gaurishankar Adhar V 730020008 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Hariyali Pra V 730020025 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Jagdamba Pra V 730020011 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Janjyoti Adhar V 730020005 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Kalika Pra V 730020018 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Krishan Kalika Ma V 730020022 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Krishan Pra V 730020016 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Krishan Pra V 730020021 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Mahadev Ma V 730020015 Hill Community Secondary Dadeldhura Rauleshwor Pra V 730020010 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Samaiji Adhar V 730020004 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Saraswati Adhar V 730020019 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Saraswati Pra V 730020013 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Selaling Pra V 730020002 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Shankar Kedar Adhar V 730020006 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Shyalchaudi Ma V 730020017 Hill Community Secondary Dadeldhura Siddha Bagwati Ma V 730020020 Hill Community Secondary Dadeldhura Baijanath Adhar V 730030018 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Adarsha Manilek Pra V 730030009 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Ashigram Adhar V 730030008 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Ashigram Pra V 730030017 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Ashigram Pra V 730030021 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Baijanath Ma V 730030024 Hill Community Secondary Dadeldhura Bhageshwor Ma V 730030023 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Bhrikuti Namuna Pra V 730030010 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bhumiraj Pra V 730030015 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Bhumiraj Pra V 730030030 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Ganesh Man Smiriti Pra V 730030007 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Ghatal Ma V 730030027 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Jana Jyoti Pra V 730030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Jansewa Pra V 730030020 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Kailash Pra V 730030006 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Lateshwor Adhar V 730030012 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Mahendra Ma V 730030029 Hill Community Upper Secondary Dadeldhura Maheshwori Pra V 730030004 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Nil Kantha Pra V 730030016 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Purna Giri Pra V 730030002 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Sahashraling Ma V 730030026 Hill Community Secondary Dadeldhura Sanbhu Nati Adhar V 730030014 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Saraswati Adhar V 730030013 Hill Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Dadeldhura Shaileshwor Mahadev Pra V 730030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Dadeldhura Sidhanath Adhar V 730030011 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Tripura Sundari Adhar V 730030019 Hill Community Upper Basic Dadeldhura Ugratara Ma V 730030025 Hill Community Upper Secondary Darchula Basantpur Adhar V 750010008 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Dungari Pra V 750010005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Durgeshwori Pra V 750010003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Nil Pataleshwor Ma V 750010004 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Ransithan Pra V 750010006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Rastriya Ma V 750010002 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Saraswati Ma V 750010007 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Shantiniketan Pra V 750010009 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Yuwabarsa Pra V 750010001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Badrinath Ma V 750020009 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Bhairab Nath Pra V 750020013 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Dharmadev Jagan Nath Pra V 750020006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Galainath Ma V 750020002 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Darchula Hunainath Ma V 750020001 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Latainath Ma V 750020007 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Latainath Pra V 750020003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Latinath Adhar V 750020008 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Latinath Pra V 750020012 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malika Arjun Pra V 750020005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malikarjun Pra V 750020011 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Mashina Pra V 750020004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Saraswati Pra V 750020010 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Srijanshil Pra V 750020014 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Durgasthan Pra V 750030002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Ganesh Adhar V 750030004 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Janbikas Ma V 750030003 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Darchula Latainath Pra V 750030001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Kailashpati Adhar V 750040002 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Moti Mahila Sangh Pra V 750040001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Alkapuri Ma V 750050001 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Bhavani Pra V 750050009 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Bhuminath Pra V 750050007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Chapari Adhar V 750050004 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Nawa Yuwak Pra V 750050002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Saraswati Pra V 750050005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Topinath Pra V 750050003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Topinath Pra V 750050006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Bhumiraj Pra V 750070006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Devi Pra V 750070009 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Gadhi Bhawan Ma V 750070002 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Kedar Pra V 750070004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malikarjun Adhar V 750070008 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Rastriya Ma V 750070001 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Darchula Ulleni Pra V 750070005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Bhumiraj Adhar V 750080003 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Jagaannath Adhar V 750080006 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Jal Devi Adhar V 750080001 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Latainath Pra V 750080002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Latinath Adhar V 750080005 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Saraswati Pra V 750080004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Satya Prakash Ma V 750080007 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Darchula Ashigada Pra V 750090009 Mountain Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Darchula Bhagawati Pra V 750090005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Bhagawati Pra V 750090006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Bhagawati Pra V 750090010 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Darchula Shikhar Ebs 750090014 Mountain Institutional Lower Basic Darchula Durgeshwori Pra V 750090004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Harinath Pra V 750090001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Himalaya Ma V 750090008 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Latainath Pra V 750090007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malika Arjun Pra V 750090003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malikarjun Ma V 750090011 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Malikarjun Adhar V 750090002 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Malikarjun Pra V Paleta 750090013 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Malikarjun Ma V 750090012 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Darchula Bhagawati Pra V 750100001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Brahm Pra V 750100006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Dharipata Ma V 750100005 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Durga Pra V 750100002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Mahadev Pra V 750100003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Somnath Adhar V 750100004 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Bhumiraj Adhar V 750120003 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Bhumiraj Pra V 750120002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Devi Adhar V 750120006 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Janhit Ma V 750120008 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Malika Arjun Pra V 750120009 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Neu Gadeshwori Pra V 750120001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Samaiji Adhar V 750120005 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Bhramhasthan Adhar V 750110006 Mountain Community Upper Basic Darchula Chanda Kot Pra V 750110003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Chauridhar Pra V 750110005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Darchula Durgasthan Ma V 750110001 Mountain Community Secondary Darchula Gita Bhawan Pra V 750110004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Gorkha Sagarmatha Pra V 360010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhimodya Ma V 360030004 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Janshakti Adhar V 360030003 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Bhairabi Pra V 360040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Darbar Ma V 360040010 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Dharapa Ma V 360040007 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Gyan Bhumi Pra V 360040006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Kalleri Adhar V 360040009 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Sankhar Pra V 360040008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Balaudia Pra V 360040004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Alainche Ma V 350020001 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Bashuki Adhar V 360020006 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Chhanya Dev Pra V 360020005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Davi Jalkumari Adhar V 360020003 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Indrakanya Ma V 360020007 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Mandali Pra V 360020004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Sthanika Adhar V 360020002 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Nepalese Advance Ebs 360030007 Hill Institutional Secondary Gorkha Siddha Devi Ma V 360030005 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha North Vision Ebs 360000010 Hill Institutional Upper Basic Gorkha Shivashakti Pra V 360030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Chandeswori Pra V 360050005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Dhurba Joti Pra V 360050004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jaleshwori Pra V 360050001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Janajagriti Pra V 360050006 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Gorkha Jansati Pra V 360050002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Madrasha Ulum Pra V 360050010 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Nava Jagriti Ma V 360050007 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Shivalaya Pra V 360050003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Chamunda Pra V 360060002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Dudh Knya Pra V 360060001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ramchandra Pra V 360060003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Santi Ma V 360060047 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Sivajoti Pra V 360060005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Saradha Pra V 360010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bakershower Ma V 360070003 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Indra Pra V 360070005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Laxmi Pra V 360070001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Mahendra Shakti Ma V 360070006 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Ridhikul Pra V 360070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Thaadhar V 360070002 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Aanapuran Pra V 360090008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Balaki Adhar V 360090002 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Bhadrakali Ma V 360090009 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Chisapani Pra V 360090006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Deurali Pra V 360090007 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Shila Bhirab Pra V 360090004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Thumka Pra V 360090005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Toman Danda Adhar V 360090001 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Gumba Himali Pra V 360100001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhawani Pra V 360110004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhimsen Pra V 360110003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ghatbesi Pra V 360110009 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jageswor Ma V 360110007 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Laxmi Jyoti Pra V 360110002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Patan Devi Ma V 360110006 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Rabindra Jyoti Pra V 360110001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Saraswoti Ma V 360110008 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Sahid Smriti Ma V 360120004 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Chandika Adhar V 360120006 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Ramche Pra V 360120002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhubaneshwori Pra V 360120007 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Dahale Pra V 360120001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Khandi Pra V 360120010 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Lakhan Thapa Pra V 360120008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Makaipur Pra V 360120009 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ramishwore Ma V 360120011 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Chule Nile Pra V 360130002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Budda Pra V 360130001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Chhekam Pra V 360130003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ballahari Pra V 360140003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhasrashila Pra V 360140004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Chitre Pokhari Ma V 360140009 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Dharmawati Ma V 360140008 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Jana Kalyan Pra V 360140001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Janajyoti Pra V 360140004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Mandali Pra V 360140006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Sahayog Sadan Pra V 360140002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Sarvodaya Adhar V 360140005 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Chumling Pra V 360150003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Pemathan Pra V 360150004 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Gorkha Shimchet Pra V 360150002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Siddhi Ganesh Pra V 360150001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jana Chetana Pra V 360160008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Balkalyan Adhar V 360160004 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Jana Jagriti Pra V 360160005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jana Chetana Pra V 360160008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jivanjyotima V 360160007 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Marsyangdi Pra V 360160003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Purthok Pra V 360160006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bhawaadhar V 360170003 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Bhawati Ma V 360170006 Hill Community Upper Secondary Gorkha Chakara Dei Pra V 360170008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ratnashower Ma V 360170007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Gorkha Kalika Pra V 360170002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Bandavi Pra V 360180010 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Raj Davi Pra V 360180005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ram Saha Ma V 360180001 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Ram Saha Adhar V 360180008 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Kanya Devi Pra V 360180002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Karma Singh Pra V 360180009 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Maha Laxmi Pra V 360180003 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Phulbari Pra V 360180004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Salangiri Pra V 360180006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Jal Kenya Pra V 360040005 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ratnalaxmi Ma V 360500013 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Sharda Ma V 360360002 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Dhramodaya Ma V 360080004 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Lapsi Chaur Pra V 360080006 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Mirkpot Ma V 360080005 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Ram Jyoti Pra V 360080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Ratna Pra V 360080008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Tribeadhar V 360080001 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Janashakti Ma V 360450006 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Janata Ma V 360010003 Hill Community Secondary Gorkha Sansewori Pra V 360170001 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Chandi Adhar V 360170004 Hill Community Upper Basic Gorkha Buddha Chandi Pra V 360540002 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Balkoiri Pra V 360570004 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Pashupati Parja Pra V 360620008 Hill Community Lower Basic Gorkha Shankha Devi Pra V 360650003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Bhagwati Ma V 610010007 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Deurali Adhar V 610010001 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Deuti Pra V 610010011 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Dharapaadhar V 610010008 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Himalaya Pra V 610010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laxmi Adhar V 610010003 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Maltakura Ma V 610010002 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Pipal Chautari Pra V 610010012 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Pragatisil Pra V 610010009 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Ramala Pra V 610010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Sarsowti Adhar V 610010005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Bal Gyan Jyoti Pra V 610020004 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Bhagawati Adhar V 610020007 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Bhagwati Pra V 610020006 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Birendra Himalaya Pra V 610020008 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Briendra Himalaya Ma V 610020001 Hill Community Secondary Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Jajarkot Dalit Pra 610020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Sewa Pra V 610020009 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laxmi Adhar V 610020005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Ne Ra Ma V 610020002 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Surya Jyoti Pra V 610030010 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Bikas Adhar V 610030002 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Bal Pra V 610030008 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Bhiarab Adhar V 610030004 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Dipendra Ma V 610030014 Hill Community Upper Secondary Jajarkot Durga Pra V 610030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Gyankunja Pra V 610030013 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janta Pra V 610030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Masta Adar V 610030006 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Nepal Rastriya Adhar V 610300005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Pragatisil Pra V 610030012 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Shivashakti Pra V 610300009 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janapriya Pra V 610050006 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Balhit Pra V 610050017 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Aadarsha Pra V 610050012 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janak Adhar V 610050005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Kailash Kanya Adhar V 610050009 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Kalika Pra V 610050002 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Karunadaya Pra V 610050008 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laigurans Pra V 610050014 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laxmi Pakha Pra V 610050013 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Mahadev Pra V 610050011 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Namuna Pra V 610050015 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Nepal Rastriya Pra V 610050004 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Nepal Rastriya Pra V 610050003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Shiva Shankar Pra V 610050010 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Siddhi Sai Kunwari Pra V 610050001 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Suyodaya Ma V 610050007 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Panchala Ma V 610040007 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Putali Adhar V 610040001 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Aadarsha Pra V 610040006 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Amar Pra V 610040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Jyoti Pra V 610040008 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janaki Pra V 610040003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Kalika Pra V 610040009 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Padam Jyoti Adhar V 610040005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Prem Jyoti Pra V 610040004 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Shreedeuti Pra V 610060020 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Priya Pra V 610060017 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Bhagayadaya Ma V 610060002 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Bhagwti Pra V 610060004 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Bidya Jyoti Adhar V 610060013 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Binda Basini Pra V 610060011 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Briendra Adhar V 610060001 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Dhurva Tara Pra V 610060022 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Dipendra Adhar V 610060005 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Jan Sarokar Pra V 610060021 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Bikash Pra V 610060014 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Priya Ma V 610060008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Jajarkot Janta Pra V 610060003 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janta Pra V 610060024 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Krishna Pra V 610060015 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Jajarkot Laxmi Pra V 610060007 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Mahadev Pra V 610060012 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Pasupati Ma V 610060002 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Purna Jyoti Pra V 610060010 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Ramodaya Ma V 610060009 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Sarswoti Adhar V 610060016 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Shankar Pra V 610060018 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Suryadeep Pra V 610060019 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Durga Devi Adhar V 610070004 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Briendra Pra V 610070013 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Dipendra Ma V 610070015 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Ditha Jyoti Pra V 610070005 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Durga Pra V 610070014 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Jana Bikash Pra V 610070012 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janma Bhumi Pra V 610070008 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Janta Ma V 610070002 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Kalika Pra V 610070010 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Kasturi Pra V 610070022 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laligurans Pra V 610070023 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Laxmi Prapti Ma V 610070007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Jajarkot Nepal Rastriya Adhar V 610070009 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Pasupati Adhar V 610070003 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Putali Pra V 610070006 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Ram Chandra Pra V 610070020 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Sarsowti Pra V 610070011 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Tharp Ma V 610070001 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Bhanubhakta Himalayan Ma V 610080001 Hill Community Secondary Jajarkot Dipendra Pra V 610080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Gaurab Pra V 610080010 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Masta Dev Pra V 610080005 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Masta Pra V 610080011 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Masta Pra V 610080009 Hill Community Lower Basic Jajarkot Sarsowti Sadan Adhar V 610080004 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Sarswoti Adhar V 610080003 Hill Community Upper Basic Jajarkot Shiva Puri Ma V 610080007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Nalin Ma V 270130005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Shisumilan Ebs 270130004 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Peak Point Academy 270130003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Januddar Ma V 270130002 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Indrajyoti Pra V 270120001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Janchatana Pra V 270120006 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Krishna Ma V 270120004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Sherberi International Ebs 270120009 Valley Institutional Upper Basic Kathmandu Shreenabdurga Pra V 270120005 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Pharping Ma V 270150005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Shikhar Social Ebs 270150004 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Greenhil Ebs 260150006 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Bagha Bhairav Pra V 260150001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Manakamana Pra V 260150002 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Gokarna Ma V 270200005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Sahayogi Ma V 270200003 Valley Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Champakbinayak Pra V 270140002 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Bal Rastriya Pra V 270230002 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Alpain Academy 270140006 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Hindu Vidyapith Nepal Ebs 270140003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Miniland Ebs 270140007 Valley Institutional Secondary Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Kathmandu Mount Everest Ebs 270140011 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Kantibhairav Ma V 270140008 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Chalantar Pra V 270140005 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Tejbinayak Ma V 270230006 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Brahamkunja Shiksha Sadan Ebs 270140007 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Chaulanarayan Pra V 270140004 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Gagalphedi Harsha Adhar V 270190007 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Shiddiganesh Ma V 270190006 Valley Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Baluddar Ma V 270190005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Manilingayshowr Pra V 270190001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Dalphin Music Ebs 270550009 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Halchok Ma V 270240005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Banudevi Pra V 270030002 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Sandipani Gyanmandir Ma V 270030007 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Sirinhil Ebs 270030003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Manichura Pra V 270030005 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Shankhu Pra V 270030004 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Prithivi Narayan Ma V 270210003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Purano Ghuwyashwori Ma V 270210009 Valley Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Dharma Biddhya Ashram Pra V 270170001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Gramsewa Ma V 270170004 Valley Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Phutung Ma V 270180001 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Jalupa Ma V 270220003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Dhupashi Ma V 270160003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Manohar Ma V 270220004 Valley Community Upper Secondary Kathmandu Odc International Academy 270160002 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Parthvi Ma V 270160005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Shapta Gandaki Ebs 270160004 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Timinagatara Ma V 270160007 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Balbikash Ma V 270010004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Bayoka Samudayik School 270010003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Natheswori Adhar V 270010001 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Balambu Ma V 270040003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Pranidhi Ebs 270040001 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Little Star Academy 270040004 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Rikasta Intenship Academy 270040005 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Sapta Gyanpith Ebs 270040006 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Chandika Devi Ma V 270020004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Bhim Ma V 270020003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Chandi Bhairab Ma V 270020002 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Champa Shikhar Pra V 270020001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Gram Sudhar Adhar V 2700500006 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Nava Suntakhan Academy 270050004 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Suntakhan Ma V 2700500003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Tarebhir Pra V 2700500001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Devi Bal Sudhar Ma V 2700500002 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Sirjanshil Sikshya Sadan Ebs 270060003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Adarsha Ma V 270060004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Mahesh Narayan Pra V 270070001 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Bhimdhunga Adhar V 270070002 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Balbodh Ma V 270070005 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Majhuwa Pra V 270070006 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu Navin Jyoti Ebs 270070003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Diamond Ebs 270080003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu National Blooming Flower Academy 270080010 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Nawa Gyanbhumi Ebs 270080015 Valley Institutional Secondary Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Kathmandu Drubatara Ebs 270080007 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Shristi Gyan Ma V 270080016 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Himalayan Ebs 270080013 Valley Institutional Upper Secondary Kathmandu Balbikash Ebs 270080005 Valley Institutional Upper Secondary Kathmandu Budhanilakantha Ma V 270080019 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Shreeram Adhar V 270080008 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Three Star Academy 270080017 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Shanti Ebs 270080014 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Bishnu Budhanilakantha Ebs 270080011 Valley Institutional Upper Basic Kathmandu Budhanilakantha Aawasiya Bidhyalaya 270080001 Valley Institutional Upper Secondary Kathmandu Panchakanya Ma V 270080004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Kumari Bidhya Mandir Bidhyalaya 270080029 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Fusion Academy 270080027 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Budhanilakantha Ved Bidhyasram Adhar V 270080032 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Budhanilakantha Ashram Bidhyalaya 270080018 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Balbikas Samaj Adhar V 270080025 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Pancharatna Balbatika Ebs 270090006 Valley Institutional Upper Basic Kathmandu Champa Devi Ma V 270090001 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Asiali Trapunj Academy 270090005 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Chalnakhel Adhar V 270090002 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Pharping Mahila Bidhyalaya 270090003 Valley Community Lower Basic Kathmandu St. Xavier Ebs 270100006 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Mothers Castle Ebs 270100005 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Kathmandu Budhanilakantha Model Community Academy 270100009 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Victor Hyugo Manju Bidhyapith Ebs 270100013 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Ganesh Ma V 270100002 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Little Moon Ebs 270100010 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Om Ebs 270100003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kathmandu Jaya Bhadrakali Adhar V 270100001 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Krishna Ma V 270110004 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Panchakancya Ma V 270110003 Valley Community Secondary Kathmandu Shiva Shakti Adhar V 270110005 Valley Community Upper Basic Kathmandu Richa Saha Sikshya Sadan Ebs 270120003 Valley Institutional Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bal Prativa Adhar V 240010005 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhakram Devi Ma V 240010003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Gyaneshwori Ma V 240010002 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Gyanodaya Adhar V 240010001 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Ma V 240010004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Srijana Pra V 240010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Nawa Jagriti Ebs 240010007 Hill Institutional Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kamala Devi Jana Priya Ma V 240020004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Ladkeshwar Adhar V 240020001 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Ladkeshwar Adhar V 240020002 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Garima Ebs 240020005 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Baluwa Ma V 240040004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bhadra Kali Adhar V 240040001 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jana Kalyan Adhar V 240040005 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Janasewa Pra V 240040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mahakali Ma V 240040006 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Nanda Jyoti Pra V 240040003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Sanjiwani Pra V 240040007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kent Public Ebs 240040009 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Ajad Adhar V 240050002 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Gauleshwori Pra V 240050008 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Gyan Jyoti Pra V 240050006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Hayu Khola Pra V 240050012 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Kavrepalanchowk Jan Mohan Ma V 240050005 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Jana Kalyan Adhar V 240050003 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jyoti Adhar V 240050004 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kokha Devi Pra V 240050007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Pra V 240050001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Sunaulo Pra V 240050009 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bal Batika Ebs 240060006 Hill Institutional Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Kavre Ebs 240060010 Hill Institutional Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Siddhartha Ebs 240060005 Hill Institutional Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Ajad Ma V 240060014 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Banepa Pra V 240060003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhakteshwar Adhar V 240060007 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Chaitanya Ma V 240060015 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Chandeshwori Bal Sadan Pra V 240060002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Gosaikunda Pra V 240060001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Himalaya Ma V 240060008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Kavre Bahira Bidyalaya Ma V 240060025 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Pra V 240060004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Sikshya Sadan Ma V 240060009 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Arubote Pra V 240070002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Ban Devi Ma V 240070003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bhusi Devisthan Pra V 240070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Hile Devisthan Pra V 240070005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Singha Ganesh Pra V 240070001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhimeshor Ma V 240080010 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bhubaneshwori Pra V 240080011 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bindhya Basini Adhar V 240080004 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Buddha Bal Pra V 240080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Ganesh Ma V 240080006 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Jana Adarsha Pra V 240080015 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jana Kalyan Pra V 240080007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jugeshwor Adhar V 240080003 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Krishna Adhar V 240080009 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mahakali Pra V 240080014 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Pokra Ma V 240080012 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Pra V 240080001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Satya Kali Pra V 240080008 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Shanti Buddha Pra V 240080005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Shikshya Sadan Pra V 240080013 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Dulaleshwar Ma V 240090004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Pipal Pra V 240090002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Prakash Ma V 240090005 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Sarba Bijaya Pra V 240090001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Singha Devi Pra V 240090006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bachchheshwar Pra V 240100002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bal Chandra Pra V 240100001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhagawati Pra V 240100007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhumesthan Ma V 240100006 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Deurali Ma V 240100005 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Jana Jagriti Pra V 240100003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jwala Devi Adhar V 240100004 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Dorje Ghyang Pra V 240110002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Adhar V 240110004 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Pra V 240110001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Sibalaya Ma V 240110003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bal Chetana Pra V 240120011 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Kavrepalanchowk Bhubaneshwori Pra V 240120001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhumeshwor Pra V 240120006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Buddha Bal Unaiti Pra V 240120009 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Budhanilkantha Pra V 240120004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Dibya Jyoti Pra V 240120008 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Gauri Adhar V 240120005 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Gramonnati Ma V 240120003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Maha Siddhi Pra V 240120007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Suvakamana Pra V 240120010 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Thakursthan Adhar V 240120002 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhumimata Ma V 240130002 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Ganesh Adhar V 240130006 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Ma V 240130001 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Kapur Mahankal Pra V 240130004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Nasuri Mahankal Pra V 240130005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Ma V 240130003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bindhya Basi Ma V 240140001 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Him Jyoti Pra V 240140005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kali Kumari Pra V 240140003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Adhar V 240140004 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kulachour Pra V 240140002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Uma Saha Shikshyalaya Ma V 240140006 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bagh Devi Pra V 240190001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Ganesh Pra V 240190002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Pra V 240190004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Krishna Ma V 240190008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Pancha Kanya Pra V 240190005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Pragati Pra V 240190003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Thapaling Gumba Pra V 240190011 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Adhareshwar Pra V 240150002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Dudu Gaun Pra V 240150003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mahadev Pra V 240150001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mani Gumba Pra V 240150007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Nav Jagriti Pra V 240150006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Seti Devi Ma V 240150004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Seti Devi Ma V 240150005 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bagh Bhairab Pra V 240160001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhairab Ma V 240160002 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Chakreshwor Ma V 240160005 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Chan Devi Pra V 240160003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Triveni Pra V 240160004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Atma Vkash Ma V 240170004 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bhimsenshwar Ma V 240170003 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Kaper Adhar V 240170001 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Milan Pra V 240170002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhrikuti Adhar V 240180001 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bir Pra V 240180002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Hanuman Shakti Pra V 240180006 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Janata Pra V 240180003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kendra Jyoti Pra V 240180007 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kumari Ma V 240180004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Kumari Pra V 240180005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Dapcha Ma V 240200004 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Ganesh Pra V 240200003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Kalika Pra V 240200002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Seti Devi Adhar V 240200001 Hill Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Kavrepalanchowk Ajad Ma V 240210007 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Bhuwaneshwori Adhar V 240210006 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jan Bhawana Pra V 240210003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mahankal Ma V 240210005 Hill Community Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Narayan Pra V 240210001 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Bhairab Pra V 240230008 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Chakra Devi Pra V 240230004 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Hari Siddhi Adhar V 240230005 Hill Community Upper Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mandali Devi Pra V 240230003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Buddhi Binod Pra V 240030002 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Jageshwor Pra V 240030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Mahabharat Pra V 240030005 Hill Community Lower Basic Kavrepalanchowk Pancha Kanya Ma V 240030004 Hill Community Upper Secondary Kavrepalanchowk Saraswati Pra V 240030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bal Kalyan Pra V 250010001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bal Manorama Pra V 250010005 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bhawati Pra V 250010004 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Nabjyoti Pra V 250010002 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Om Santi Pra V 250010003 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Vidyadhisowary Ma V 250010006 Valley Community Upper Secondary Lalitpur Patha Pardarshak Ma V 250020009 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Ranchan Ebs 250090012 Valley Institutional Upper Secondary Lalitpur Banibilas Ma V 250090002 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Little Garden Ebs 250400002 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Lalitpur Sangrila International Ebs 250090016 Valley Institutional Secondary Lalitpur Udayakhark Ma V 250090011 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Emerald Ma V 250090018 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Yaspa Pra V 250040006 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Nilasowar Pra V 250040010 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bandha Bhaikh Pra V 250040001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bhanu Pra V 250040002 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bhattedanda Adhar V 250040003 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Kali Devi Pra V 250040004 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Satkanya Pra V 250040009 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Tulsha Devi Pra V 250050005 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Kalidevi Pra V 250040006 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Saraswati Pra V 250040002 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Balamukunda Adhar V 250060004 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Guru Adhar V 250060005 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Peeta Pra V 250060001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Tungun Pra V 250060003 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Sarada Bhakti Academy 250070017 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Lalitpur Clark Memorial Ebs 250070010 Valley Institutional Lower Basic Lalitpur Adarshwal Ma V 250070008 Valley Community Upper Secondary Lalitpur Karlashwari Adhar V 250080005 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Saraswati Vidhyashram Ma V 250080004 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Sallaghari Pra V 250080006 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Kalidevi Pra V 250080001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bajrabarahi Ma V 250090003 Valley Community Upper Secondary Lalitpur Eternal Sylum Ebs 250090015 Valley Institutional Secondary Lalitpur Hilltop Ma V 250090004 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Banaspati Pra V 250040001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Ganesh Pra V 250100002 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Buddha Ma V 250100003 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Bageshwari Pra V 250090001 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Kali Seti Devi Adhar V 250110002 Valley Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Lalitpur Chapakhark Pra V 250050002 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Dalphin Ma V 250050004 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Krishana Adhar V 250050003 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Jwala Devi Ma V 250050007 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Fulchoki Ebs 250020003 Valley Institutional Upper Basic Lalitpur Phulchoki Pra V 250050008 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Divyajyoti Esb 250070006 Valley Institutional Secondary Lalitpur Tri Ratna Sahakari Ebs 250070007 Valley Institutional Secondary Lalitpur Chunidevi Shikshya Mandir Adhar V 250070005 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Mahankal Pra V 250070003 Valley Community Lower Basic Lalitpur Bakheladumari Adhar V 250070002 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Sumarg Ebs 250070009 Valley Institutional Secondary Lalitpur Mahakali Devi Ma V 250040005 Valley Community Secondary Lalitpur Balswari Ma V 250030002 Valley Community Upper Secondary Lalitpur Guptishwor Adhar V 250030001 Valley Community Upper Basic Lalitpur Champidevi Ma V 250100004 Valley Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Raktmala Pra V 120010001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sital Jaldevi Pra V 120130009 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Arubhangyan Adhar V 120030006 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Everest Ebs 120040007 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Balakhu Adhar V 120030006 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Janajagriti Pra V 120030010 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Janajoti Pra V 120030004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Jayaswori Pra V 120030011 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120030005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Mahakali Pra V 120030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Setidevi Pra V 120030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sorangaanaa Pra V 120030002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sunkoshi Ma V 120030009 Hill Community Upper Secondary Okhaldhunga Yogisthan Adhar V 120030008 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Puspalal Adhar V 120050006 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Baruneshwor Ma V 120050001 Hill Community Upper Secondary Okhaldhunga Ganesh Ma V 120050002 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Gramodayaa Adhar V 120050003 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Prabhu Pra V Dhuske 120050005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Punyamata Ma V 120060003 Hill Community Upper Secondary Okhaldhunga Shre Panchawoti Pra V 120060002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Ma V 120060001 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Thani Pra V 120060005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Balkanya Pra V 120070002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Chhatrapragati Ma V 120070005 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Jalpa Pra V 120070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120070003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Maheswor Ma V 120070001 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Navaprativa Pra V 120070009 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Panchakanyaa Pra V 120070006 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Tejmaya Rai Pra V 120070010 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Yakata Pra V 120140002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Singhadevi Pra V 120070011 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Bigutar Ma V 120090003 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Jana Aadarsa Adhar V 120090001 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Ratna Pra V 120090004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sauykta Pra V 120090005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sherpa Saamudayak Pra V 120090006 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Dallidada 120100003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Jevanjoti Adhar V 120100001 Hill Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Okhaldhunga Kalpeswor Ma V 120100002 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Kuntadevi Pra V 120100004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Sarswoti Pra V 120080004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Champa Devi Pra V 120110002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Jagatjanani Pra V 120110003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120110005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kholta Dada Pra V 120110004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Prabuddha Ma V 120110001 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Jalpaa Ma V 120120006 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Laxmi Pra V 120120005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Jalpa Pra V 120120001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Raktamala Pra V 120120003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Siddhanath Pra V 120120002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120030005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120130001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Balkanya Pra V 120130004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Bhagawati Pra V 120130005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Janajagirti Pra V 120030007 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Nabjaban Ma V 120130002 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Sabitra Adhar V 120130008 Hill Community Upper Basic Okhaldhunga Singha Devi Pra V 120130006 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Shreesaraswoti Pra V 120030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Gyanprakash Ma V 120140006 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Falaicha Pra V 120140004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Fubari Pra V 120140001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Gyanprakash Ma V 120140006 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Gyanprakash Ma V 120140003 Hill Community Upper Secondary Okhaldhunga Kolchaur Pra V 120140005 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Lamiswoti Pra V 120010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Kalika Pra V 120040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Rajyalaxmi Ma V 130040003 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Siddhadevi Pra V 120040001 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Balbikash Pra V 120010003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Nayaransthan Ma V 120010004 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Kripesu Pra V 120020002 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Mahakali Pra V 120020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Manakamana Ma V 120020005 Hill Community Secondary Okhaldhunga Panchakanya Pra V 120020004 Hill Community Lower Basic Okhaldhunga Silawonti Pra V 120020001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Baishmula Pra V 520010008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bal Sudhar Pra V 520010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Basant Pra V 520010007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Basiban Baliyoti Pra V 520010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Gaumukhi Pra V 520010003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Mahendra Pra V 520010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sarawati Pra V 520010001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Amar Pra V 520020004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bal Jyoti Pra V 520020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bal Sudhar Pra V 520020009 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Balbhadra Ma V 520020001 Hill Community Upper Secondary Pyuthan Bishwa Jyoti Pra V 520020002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Dipendra Pra V 520020008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Kamerpani Adhar V 520020005 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Remote Ebs 520020016 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Pyuthan Sharwodaya Ma V 520020007 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Airwati Ebs 520030006 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Pyuthan Bal Bikash Ma V 520030004 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Khadka Pra V 520030003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Khageswori Adhar V 520030005 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Madrasa Phaijul Islam Pra V 520030007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sarawati Ma V 520030002 Hill Community Upper Secondary Pyuthan Satya Adhar V 520030001 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Jana Kalyan Adhar V 520040009 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Mandevi Pra V 520040007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Moti Ma V 520040008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Pyuthan Nava Prativa Pra V 520040013 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Ratneshwori Pra V 520040003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sarawoti Pra V 520040001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Suryamukhi Pra V 520040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Yerawati Pra V 520040006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Yuwabarsa Pra V 520040005 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janata Ma V 520050002 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Kailash Pra V 520050001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sishu Kalyan Adhar V 520050003 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Bal Jyoti Pra V 520060008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Belwas Ma V 520060002 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Gyan Prakash Adhar V 520060003 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Jana Jyoti Pra V 520060007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Saparka Pra V 520060004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Ujjwol Pra V 520060006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janajyoti Pra V 520060011 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jhupakort Pra V 520060001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Shiddababa Pra V 520060010 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Suryadaya Adhar V 520060005 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Amar Ma V 520070005 Hill Community Upper Secondary Pyuthan Bal Bikash Pra V 520070008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Chandreshwori Pra V 520070002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Jagriti Pra V 520070001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janata Pra V 520070006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Shiva Shakti Pra V 520070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Siddheshwori Pra V 520070003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Swargadwari Pra V 520070007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bhumikasthan Pra V 520080006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bal Mandir Pra V 520080003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janak Pra V 520080001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Mukti Ma V 520080005 Hill Community Upper Secondary Pyuthan Padma Pra V 520080008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sarada Adhar V 520080004 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Saraswati Pra V 520080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Siddhabhumi Pra V 520080007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Chhatra Bikash Ma V 520090006 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Janasewa Pra V 520090003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Kalika Pra V 520090001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Adhar V Tari 520090007 Hill Community Upper Basic Pyuthan Pra V Dhand Chaur 520090004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Pra V Magrakhola 520090002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Sishu Kalyan Pra V 520090005 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Bhagawati Pra V 520100004 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Priya Pra V 520100002 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Priya Pra V 520100005 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janata Ma V 520100003 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Pokhara Caaur Pra V 520100001 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Pyuthan Shanti Pra V 520100006 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Amar Ma V 520110006 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Jagadamba Pra V 520110005 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jan Jagriti Pra V 520110009 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Jyoti Pra V 520110001 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Jana Kalyan Pra V 520110008 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Janata Ma V 520110002 Hill Community Secondary Pyuthan Khugeshwori Pra V 520110007 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Palu Siddhi Pra V 520110003 Hill Community Lower Basic Pyuthan Saraswati Pra V 520110004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Koirale Pra V 210010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Swartarmu Pra V 210010001 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Thodung Pra V 210010003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Thongdolsamten Salin Gumba Pra V 210010009 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Boudha Pra V 210010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Jana Kalyan Pra V 210010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Sherpa Ebs 210010008 Hill Institutional Upper Basic Ramechhap Siddhartha Pra V 210010005 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Siddheshwor Ma V 210010007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Bhumeshwori Adhar V 210020001 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Gokul Ganga Adhar V 210020005 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Jana Jagrit Ma V 210020004 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Jangala Devi Pra V 210020007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Seti Devi Ma V 210020004 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Shiva Adhar V 210020006 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Siddhajyoti Hari Mishra Adhar V 210020009 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Bal Bikash Pra V 210030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Bal Adhar V 210030007 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Bhagabati Bhakta Pra V 210030005 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Chandra Surya Pra V 210030012 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Dahu Ma V 210030006 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Kali Devi Pra V 210030004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Khanda Devi Pra V 210030011 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kusheshwor Ma V 210030010 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Sunapati Adhar V 210030002 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Bharati Ma V 210040001 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Kali Devi Adhar V 210040003 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Mahakali Janajyoti Pra V 210040007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Mahakali Pra V 210040004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Manakamana Pra V 210040006 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Navabuddha Adhar V 210040005 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Pra V Chirankhu 210040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Bal Kalyan Pra V 210050011 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Durga Devi Pra V 210050010 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kalika Devi Adhar V 210050006 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Kapileshwor Adhar V 210050002 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Navachandra Pra V 210050009 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Nawadurga Pra V 210050013 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Nilkantheswor Pra V 210050003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Rameshwor Pra V 210050005 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Rudraksheshwor Ma V 210050001 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Seti Devi Pra V 210050007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Sirjanatmak Pra V 210050008 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Devi Pra V 210060003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Jakhanisthan Pra V 210060002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Janmabhumi Pra V 210060001 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Ramechhap Krishna Adhar V 210060005 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Manakamana Pra V 210060006 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Pragatishil Ma V 210060008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Sunkoshi Pra V 210060009 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Tribhuvan Pra V 210060007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Bhimeshwori Pra V 210070002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kailashpati Pra V 210070003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kasthem Ma V 210070004 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Thinkepu Adhar V 210070001 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Bal Kanya Devi Adhar V 210080004 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Bhiringeswor Ma V 210080007 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Bhringeswor Ma V 210080001 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Brikheshwor Adhar V 210080006 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Chiringe Pra V 210080008 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Gaiyashwori Adhar V 210080005 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Rupa Devi Adhar V 210080003 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Seti Devi Pra V 210080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Hari Siddhi Ma V 210090002 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Saraswati Ma V 210090001 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Bhimeshwor Rudra Ma V 210100001 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Biddhyashram Adhar V 210100002 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Jagadamba Adhar V 210100003 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Kalika Devi Pra V 210110006 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kapileshwor Pra V 210100005 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Naramedeshwor Pra V 210100004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Bhalepokhari Pra V 210110002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Jatteshwori Ma V 210110001 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Kali Devi Pra V 210110007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kusmawati Pra V 210110006 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Mahadeveshwori Pra V 210110008 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Pancha Pokhari Pra V 210110004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Seti Devi Ma V 210110003 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Shiva Adhar V 210110005 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Adarthamaobin Pra V 210120004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Bhairabkali Pra V 210120010 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Devi Pra V 210120005 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Gyanjyoti Pra V 210120007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Jyoti Pra V 210120003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Navalanda Pra V 210120007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Nawa Buddha Pra V 210120009 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Sanjivani Adhar V 210120011 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Shailungeswori Pra V 210120001 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Siddhartha Janajyoti Adhar V 210120008 Hill Community Upper Basic Ramechhap Surke Deurali Ma V 210120012 Hill Community Upper Secondary Ramechhap Champa Devi Pra V 210130003 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Jalpa Devi Pra V 210130002 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kakani Devi Pra V 210130008 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Kalika Devi Ma V 210130006 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Mahakali Pra V 210130001 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Nava Janajagriti Pra V 210130007 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Seti Devi Pra V 210130004 Hill Community Lower Basic Ramechhap Shitala Devi Ma V 210130005 Hill Community Secondary Ramechhap Nava Durga Pra V 210140001 Hill Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320010004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320010002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Saraswati Sadan Adhar V 320020001 Terai Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Rautahat Pra V 320030008 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Hanuman Pra V 320030001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Janaki Samudayak Pra V 320030005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Shankar Pra V 320030002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Mahabir Pra V 320030003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Nayan Kamakshya Pra V 320040006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V Badarwa 320040004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320040002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Ma V 320050002 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Pra V 320050003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Shankar Pra V 320060001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Adhar V 320080001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Bhagawati Pra V 320090003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat M V 320090002 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Pra V 320090001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320090004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Prathamik Bidhlaya 320100004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Anhoti Lal Ma V 320100003 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Janata Satya Narayan Ma V 320110001 Terai Community Upper Secondary Rautahat Bahira Susta Shraban Abasiya Pra V 320110006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320110002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Saraswati Adhar V 320130002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Saraswati Ma V 320130001 Terai Community Upper Secondary Rautahat Ma V 320140007 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Ramji Pra V 320130005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Nimna Ma V 320150002 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Bal Bikash Pra V 320170002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Adhar V 320170001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Janata Pra V 320180001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Ma V 320180002 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Basanta Panchami Adhar V 320190006 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Ambika Adhar V 320190002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Hatemalo Pra V 320190016 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Jahit Adhar Pra V 320190011 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Janabhawana Pra V 320190010 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Janajyoti Ma V 320190001 Terai Community Upper Secondary Rautahat Janashakti Ma V 320190008 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Janata Ma V 320190009 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Adhunik Pra V 320190003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Durga Ma V 320190009 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Adhar V Methyahi 320190005 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Pra V Beldi 320190004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Krishna Pranami Samudayak Pra V 320240006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Chaturbir Samudyaik Pra V 320200004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Gramin Pra V 320200001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Saraswati Adhar V 320200002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Adharbhut Samudayak Pra V 320200007 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320200003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320200005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Jay Kishan Ma V 320220001 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Pra V 320220002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Sikshyaka Sahid Sunil Pra V 320220004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Adarsha Pra V 320210002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Ma V Dhanadi 320210001 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Ram Janaki Pra V 320230002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Jana Priya Pra V 320240001 Terai Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Rautahat Janata Pra V Badarwa 320240008 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Nepal Rastraya Pra V 320240010 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pancha Adhar V 320240004 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Pra V 320240005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Ma V 320240003 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Mahendra Ray Yadav Pra V 320250004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Krishna Ma V 320240007 Terai Community Secondary Rautahat Pra V 320260001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pashupati Vidhya Sadan Ebs 320320011 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320110003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Pra V 320330012 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Janata Pra V 320260002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rautahat Balkalyan Adhar V 320520009 Terai Community Upper Basic Rautahat Pra V 320940001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Asuraina Aadhabhut Bidhyalaya 490040002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Janata Adhar V 490040003 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Manjhariya Pra V 490040004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Barkatiya Nijamul Ulum Pra V 490060005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Ganesh Samudayik Pra V 490070002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Janaki Ma V Barhadguthi 490070001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Shiva Shakti Pra V 490100010 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarsa Gauniya Aahale Sunnat Pra V 490120005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Pashupati Adhar V 490120002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Piparhawa Ma V 490120003 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Bogadi Ma V 490130001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Fatematujohara Girls College 490130005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Katya Pra V 490130002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Madinatul Islam Al Salfia 490130004 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Bhabisya Ujjal Pra V 490150004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Chhipagadha Ma V 490150003 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Janajagriti Pra V 490150002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Navajivan Adhar V 490150001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Faijul Bolum Salfiya 490110010 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Kadariya Ahale Sunnat Faijul Alum 490050005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Jamiya Husainiya Serajul Olum 490050002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Kadariya Ahale Sunnat Misbahul Olum 490050007 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Janajyoti Pra V 490140003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Janajyoti Pra V 490170004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Sidhdha Adhar V 490180002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Medini Pra V 490020001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Bal Mandir Pra V 490140006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Mainabagar Pra V 490140077 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Santoshimata Gurukul Bidhyashram 490140084 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Arabiya Darusalam 490100009 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Balkalyan Pra V 490180001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Riyajul Islam 490100014 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Talimul Kuran Islamiya 490110011 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Talimul Kuran Wal Sunna 490010009 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Islamiya Riyajul Olum 490100011 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Talimul Islam 490110014 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Gulsan E Vikha 490140095 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madina Madarasa Pra V 490140081 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Darul Islamiya 490110018 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Bhabisya Nirman Pra V 490160006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Sarswoti Pra V 490010007 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Mayadevi Janajagriti Pra V 490140086 Terai Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Rupandehi Ramjanaki Pra V 490030001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Aakas Ravi Pra V 490030015 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Shamsher Smiriti Pra V 490160003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi New Oxford Ebs 490080003 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rupandehi Satyalaxmi Pra V 490020002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Sidhdhartha Ma V 490030002 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Chhotaki Ramnagar Ma V 490160001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Bodwar Ma V 490120001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Paragan Ebs 490020010 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rupandehi Madarasa Gausiya Aahale Sunnat Nurul Olum 490050004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Krisak Aadarsa Ma V 490090002 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Pashupati Adhar V 490090001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Tharki Ma V 490060002 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Bagauli Ma V 490060003 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Madarasa Kahariya Ahale Sunnat Samasul Olum 490080006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Uma Adhar V 490020048 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Bright Ebs 490030008 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rupandehi Buddha Garden Ebs 490010012 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rupandehi Durgadevi Adhar V 490030004 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Tribeni Adhar V 490030011 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Amawazs Ebs 490090008 Terai Institutional Upper Basic Rupandehi Durga Saikshik Griha Ebs 490030006 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Kimberli Kindar Garten Ebs 490030009 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Janata Ma V 490140012 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Jiteteshori Ma V 490140004 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Manav Gyan Ma V 490140010 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Nawa Durga Ma V 490110005 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Bishnupura Ma V 490110006 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Basantapur Dasarath Janata Adhar V 490080001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Bagaha Ma V 490050001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Janata Ma V 490030005 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Don Childrens Ebs 490020009 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Rose Bird Academy 490030017 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Samaya Mai Ma V 490030003 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Janata Adhar V 490170002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Pragati Adhar V 490140001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Laxmi Ma V 490140008 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Saraswati Ma V 490140002 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Elima Ma V 490170001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Kalika Ma V 490140030 Terai Community Upper Secondary Rupandehi Paschim Pahumi Ma V 490020005 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Butwal Ma V 490140025 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Gyanodaya Ma V 490140028 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Siddeshor Lal Kumari Ma V 490140022 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Naharpur Ma V 490140026 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Everest Ebs 490140009 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Shiva Pra V 490110004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Bibekshil Pra V 490030006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Siddhartha Gautam Buddha Pra V 490110011 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Sagarmatha Pra V 490160007 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Gyanodaya Ratri Ma V 490140007 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Sahid Smriti Pra V 490140038 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Mukti Dham Pra V 490010002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Pohaba Pra V 490110003 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Janajagriti Adhar V 490110001 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Saraswoti Adhar V 490140002 Terai Community Upper Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Rupandehi Buddha Adarsha Ma V 490100005 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Shreee Balrampur 490100001 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi New Enviroment Ebs 490020007 Terai Institutional Secondary Rupandehi Kanti Ma V 490140017 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Nabin Audhogik Kadar Bahadur Rita Ma V 490140033 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Girwan Saraswati Sanskrit Tatha Sadharan Ma V 490020008 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Ujirsing Ma V 490140029 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Tilotama Ma V 490140016 Terai Community Secondary Rupandehi Bhagwanpur Pra V 490100006 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi New Dilight Ebs 490010010 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Rupandehi Nepal National Pra V 490100004 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Buddha Pra V 490010005 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Suryadaya Pra V 490140037 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Durga Pra V 490010001 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Naya Gawn Ma V 490140021 Terai Community Upper Secondary Rupandehi Gyankunja Pra V 490100002 Terai Community Lower Basic Rupandehi Karidaha Adhar V 490010002 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Gautam Buddha Adhar V 490100003 Terai Community Upper Basic Rupandehi Ramjanaki Pra V 490010003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Achalgad 190010001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Narhargunj 190010003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Rupa Das Pra V 190010005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Sita Ram Adhar V 190010002 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Pra V Arnaha 190020001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Bhagwanpur 190020002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Samudiyak Pra V 190020004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Sarswati Ma V 190020003 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Sitalamai Pra V 190020010 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V 190030005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Manju Pra V 190030006 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Adhar V Pataina 190030003 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Pra V Patauna 190030002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Ma V 190040002 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Pra V 190040001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Babarganj 190050008 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Durgakhobhari Janta Ma V 190050004 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Raja Abhisak Ebs 190050010 Terai Institutional Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Janta Adhar V 190050002 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Pra V 190050001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V 190050001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Pra V 190050002 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Sarvjanik Prav 190050003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Bakainiya Tole 190060003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Janki Adhar V 190060001 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Sarbjanik Pra V 190060002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Basudev Pra V 190080004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Jabadi 190080001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Sakhi Mohit Singh Janta Ma V 190080003 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Pra V Pakdigoth 190090003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Chakra Janta Sahid Ganga Ma V 190100005 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Dalit Samudayik Pra V 190100008 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janhit Molbhogiya Munilal Adhar V 190100004 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Kalpvriksh Ebs 190100023 Terai Institutional Upper Basic Sarlahi Moon Light Ebs 1901400003 Terai Institutional Upper Secondary Sarlahi Pratik Adhar V 190100002 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Raghu Bir Yasudha Janta Pra V 190100006 Terai Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Sarlahi Sarhali Anath Upang Sa Pra V 190100020 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Suryadaya Adhar V 190100001 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V 190110006 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Basantpur 190110005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Janki Ma V 190110002 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Samajik Adhar V 190120001 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Jan Sakti Pra V 190130004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V Bela 190130002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Ma V 190140001 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Samudiyak Pra V 190140002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Insan Prav 190160004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Gulam Janta Ma V 190160001 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Nav Yubk Pra V 190070001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Simira 190170002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Samudiyak Pra V 190170004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Dalit Pra V 190180011 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ganodaya Pra V 190180010 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V 190180005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Adhar V 190180003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Pokhariya 190180002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Rastriya Adhar V 190180007 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Sagarnath Ma V 190180004 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Sarswati Ma V 190180008 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Pra V 190180001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V 190180006 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Adhar V 190190003 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V 190190004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Mandirwa 190190001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V 190190002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Abadh Siya Pra V 190150005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Adhar V 190150001 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Sarbjanik Pra V 190150002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Jaldhar Kamal Dev Ma V 190200002 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Ram Bilash Pra V 190200001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Utpidit Uthan Pra V 190200003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Acheshwor Sing Pra V 190210002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Marich Maan Singh Janta Ma V 190210001 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Pra V Bakhari 190220002 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Bariya 190220001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V Chatuna 190230001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Sudha Rajeshwori Ma V 190230002 Terai Community Upper Secondary Sarlahi Hoste Hainse Siksha Kendra 190260002 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Panchayat Adarsh Ma V 190260001 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Sukhdev Sahadev Pra V 190260004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Bhagwati Pra V 190240005 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Pra V 190240001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Jansakti Pra V 190250003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Adhar V Sahpur Dumariya 190250001 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Pra V Dhankaul 190250004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Rastriya Adhar V 190250002 Terai Community Upper Basic Sarlahi Janbal Kanyan Ma V 190270011 Terai Community Secondary Sarlahi Jansabi Pra V 190270003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Kali Bhairabi Pra V 190270006 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Gauri Shankar Pra V 190270007 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Jankalyan Pra V 190270010 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Ram Aptar Janata Ma V 190030001 Terai Community Secondary Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Sarlahi Pra V 190030004 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Pra V 190130001 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Judi Janta Pra V 190130003 Terai Community Lower Basic Sarlahi Janta Ma V 190170001 Terai Community Secondary Solukhumbu Basakhali Ma V 110020003 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Chandrodaya Pra V 110020001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Dipendra Adarsha Pra V 110020008 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Glesiar Ebs 110020011 Mountain Institutional Lower Basic Solukhumbu Jana Kalyan Pra V 110020002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Padma Kanya Adhar V 110020005 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Shikhar Babuchhiri Balkunj Pra V 110020007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Himalaya Ma V 110020004 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Solukhumbu Janapriya Adhar V 110020006 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Siddhakali Pra V 110020010 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Beni Adhar V 110030007 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Beni Pra V 110030001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Buddha Academy Pra V 110030008 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Himalayan Sherpa Baudha Adhar V 110030012 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Himalayan Sherpa Buddhist Pra V 110030005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Junbesi Ma V 110030006 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Mopung Pra V 110030004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Namo Buddha Pra V 110030003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Seti Devi Pra V 110030002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Budha Kinja Pra V 110040005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Chandra Jyoti Ma V 110040001 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Chhimbu Pra V 110040003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Gauri Shankar Pra V 110040006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Mahadev Pra V 110040004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Sagarmath Pra V 110040002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Jana Sudhar Pra V 110050005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Kailas Pra V 110050001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Khiraule Pra V 110050004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Patle Pra V 110050002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Pelmang Pra V 110050003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Sagarmatha Ma V 110050006 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Bidhyadatri Pra V 110060003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Him Ganga Ma V 110060002 Mountain Community Upper Secondary Solukhumbu Jana Sewa Adhar V 110070001 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Manju Pra V 110060006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Saraswati Pra V 110060004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Singha Seti Devi Pra V 110060007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Siruwa Pra V 110060005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Janasewa Pra V 110070004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Lukla Pra V 110070005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Mahendra Jyoti Ma V 110070002 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Pema Chholing Pra V 110070007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Sagarmatha Pra V 110070003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Yuwa Barsa Pra V 110070006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Chheskam Ma V 110080002 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Chheskam Pra V 110080001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Chomolungma Pra V 110080007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Denam Pra V 110080006 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Jansudhar Pra V 110080005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Mahakulung Pra V 110080004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Ratna Pragatishil Pra V 110080003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Deurali Pra V 110090002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Solukhumbu Dudhkausika Pra V 110090001 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Jalim Devi Pra V 110090003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Namse Pra V 110090005 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Saraswati Pra V 110090004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Bal Kanya Pra V 110010003 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Buddha Bikash Adhar V 110010010 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Chochami Pra V 110010002 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Himalaya Adhar V 110010009 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Ilmpick Pra V 110010015 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Jaleshwori Adhar V 110010001 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Jana Jagaran Mahakunda Adhar V 110010005 Mountain Community Upper Basic Solukhumbu Namuna Pra V 110010007 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Pashupati Pra V 110010012 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Sagarmatha Ma V 110010006 Mountain Community Secondary Solukhumbu Sanga Choling Gumba Pra V 110010013 Mountain Community Lower Basic Solukhumbu Saraswati Pra V 110010004 Mountain Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bheri Pra V 590010006 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Chandra Sewa Pra V 590010008 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590010004 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Ma V 590010005 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590010003 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590010001 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Surya Jyoti Pra V 590010007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Shreee Sikhar Pra V 590010009 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bhagwoti Pra V 590020006 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bidhya Jyoti Ma V 590020009 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Bidhyabhumi Academy 590020022 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Surkhet Gaurishankar Adhar V 590020010 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Janajyoti Adhar V 590020004 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Kalika Ne Ra Pra V 590020011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590020005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590020007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Sahit Smarak Pra V 590020008 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Samuha Pra V 590020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Santi Pra V 590020001 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Yuwajyoti Adhar V 590020002 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Bageshwori Pra V 590030008 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bhairab Pra V 590030009 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bhanu Pra V 590030012 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Durga Pra V 590030014 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Koili Pra V 590030015 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Laxmi Pra V 590030001 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590030007 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590030011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nepal Rastriye Adhar V 590030003 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ra Ma V 590030006 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Sidda Pra V 590030005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Vanu Pra V 590030002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Janakalyan Pra V 590040009 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Karnali Pra V 590040005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nawa Durga Pra V 590040004 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nawa Jyoti Pra V 590040010 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590040006 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Ma V 590040007 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590040001 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590040003 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590040008 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590040011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Sharada Pra V 590050007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bidye Jyoti Ma V 590050001 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Greenpark Academy 590050057 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Surkhet Janajagrit Adhar V 590050006 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Janasewa Pra V 590050002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Janasrijana Pra V 590050012 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Janta Ma V 590050008 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Janta Pra V 590050004 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Jivan Jyoti Pra V 590050009 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Kageshwori Pra V 590050010 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590050005 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Saraswoti Pra V 590050011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Sidheshwori Ma V 590050003 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Jagannath Ma V 590060001 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Janajagrit Ma V 590060009 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Janakalyan Adhar V 590060003 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Laliguras Pra V 590060006 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Malika Pra V 590060010 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590060004 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590060005 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590060008 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Saraswoti Adhar V 590060002 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Shivalaya Pra V 590060007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Madarsa Faiju Wulum Pra V 590070037 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Saraswoti Pra V 590070019 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Balmandir Pra V 590070018 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bhairab Ma V 590070027 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Chabi Adhar V 590070008 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Dipmala Adhar V 590070015 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Hastabir Pra V Chnaute 590070010 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Jana Jagriti Pra V Padampur 590070007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Jana Ma V 590070030 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Janata Prathamik Bidhyalaye 590070014 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Kalika Adhar V 590070005 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Krishna Sanskrit Tatha Sadharan Ma V 590070031 Hill Community Upper Secondary Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590070001 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590070006 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Nepal Rastriya Ahdarvut Bidhyalaye 590070020 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nepal Rastriye Ma V 590070026 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Padamlila Pra V Itram 590070012 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Saraswoti Pra V Chanaute 590070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Sidda Baira Balak Ko School 590070022 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Tripureshwor Ma V 590070021 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Shreee Amar Jyoti Ma V 590070028 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Sos Hermann Gmeiner Ma V 590070023 Hill Community Upper Secondary Surkhet Laliguras Pra V 590080003 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Malika Ma V 590080001 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Namuna Pra V 590080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nawajyoti Pra V 590080010 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nawoprakash Pra V 590080011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590080006 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590080008 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Ma V 590080005 Hill Community Secondary Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590080007 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Santi Pra V 590080009 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Siddheshwori Pra V 590080012 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Vidhya Jyoti Pra V 590080004 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Balkalyan Pra V 590900013 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Bhawaadhar Adhar V 590900009 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Dipendra Adhar V 590900012 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Janata Pra V 590090005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590090004 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590090006 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590090007 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590900010 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590900011 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590900015 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Nera Pra V 590090002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Pravat Ma V 590090003 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Sharada Ma V 590090001 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Suryajyoti Adhar V 590900008 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Janakalyan Pra V 590110003 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Mai Bhagwati Pra V 590110005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Malika Suryajyoti Pra V 590110006 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Adhar V 590110007 Hill Community Upper Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Ma V 590110001 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Janata Pra V 590100003 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Kumar Nepal Rastriye Pra V 590100002 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Ne Ra Ma V 590100006 Hill Community Secondary Surkhet Ne Ra Pra V 590100001 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Santi Pra V 590100005 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Saraswoti Pra V 590100004 Hill Community Lower Basic Surkhet Surya Jyoti Pra V 590100007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Batuk Bhairab Pra V 390070003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kalika Adhar V 390070002 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Durba Derali Pra V 390190004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Laxmi Pra V 390190003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sidda Baraha Pra V 390020002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kotakot Adhar V 390010007 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Adarsha Pra V 390010004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Adarsha Ma V 390010008 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Alamdevi Ebs 390010009 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Syangja Alamdevi Pra V 390010005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Amar Deep Pra V 390010003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kotakot Pra V 390010001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Narayani Pra V 390010002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Amar Jyoti Ma V 390020010 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Arjunchaupari Children Academy 390020012 Hill Institutional Secondary Syangja Bhawani Pra V 390020004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Krishna Pra V 390020008 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Laxmi Pra V 390020007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Nawa Durga Pra V 390020009 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Pancha Kanya Ma V 390020011 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Pipal Danda Pra V 390020006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Ranichari Pra V 390020005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sidda Pra V 390020003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sitala Devi Ebs 390020001 Hill Institutional Secondary Syangja Aruchaur Future Star Ebs 390030010 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Syangja Bayale Pra V 390030006 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Syangja Buddha Adhar V 390030003 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Deep Jyoti Pra V 390030002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Devisthan Pra V 390030007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Ghante Ma V 390030007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kalika Pra V 390030009 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sarbodaya Ma V 390030009 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Suryodaya Pra V 390030004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Arukharka Pra V 390040002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Chapalithok Pra V 390040004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Adarsa Ma V 390040008 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Jana Sahayog Bhadra Pra V 390040005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Janashayog Samudayak Adhar V 390040006 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Ramche Devi Pra V 390040007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Saraswati Pra V 390040003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sitala Ma V 390040001 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Kamal Jaisi Pra V 390090003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Chandishwori Pra V 390060002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Jagrit Pra V 390060006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Janata Pra V 390060005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Nu Bahakot Ma V 390060004 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Saraswati Shada Pra V 390060006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sahid Sukra Ma V 390070007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Jana Jyoti Adhar V 390070005 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Bastara Bhupu Sainik Ebs 390070006 Hill Institutional Lower Basic Syangja Jana Bikash Pra V 390070004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Barahi Pra V 390050003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bhagawati Pra V 390050002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Maidan Ma V 390050001 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Krishna Pra V 390130007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Deurali Pra V 390080003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Mukhi Pra V 390080004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Priya Ma V 390080001 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Sharada Ramaniya Dada Pra V 390080002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Andhaandhi Prakash Ma V 390090004 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Charachhare Pra V 390090001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Pakharibot Pra V 390090005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Rastriya Ma V 390090006 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Sawnetari Pra V 390090002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Barichaur Pra V 390100006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bellery Khan Pra V 390100005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bhawani Ma V 390000032 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Chandrodaya Pra V 390100007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Durga Pra V 390100008 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Janata Pra V 390100002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Janta Ma V 390100001 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Saraswati Pra V 390100003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Shirjana Pra V 390100010 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Surya Jyoti Pra V 390010009 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Adikabi Jeet Pra V 390110004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bidya Bikash Pra V 390110003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jamune Danda Ma V 390110007 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Jana Jagriti Pra V 390110002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Lakuri Danda Pra V 390110001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Shyam Pokhari Pra V 390110005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Birendra Pra V 390120005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Ghurdanda Pra V 390120002 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 1: Schools selected for the sample District School Name School Code Eco-belt School Type School Characteristics Syangja Janahit Ma V 390120007 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Karikot Pra V 390180002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kipat Pra V 390120001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Piungha Adhar V 390120006 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Shiva Pra V 390120004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Chhanchhandi Pra V 390140001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Ama Adhar V 390130002 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Baidi Ma V 390130005 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Balhit Pra V 390130003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Gandaki Adhar V 390130006 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Ganga Lal Ma V 390130004 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Jana Jagriti Adhar V 390130007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Jyoti Pra V 390150006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Dabhunga Thanti Ma V 390140005 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Deurali Pra V 390140004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kalika Balhit Pra V 390140002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sahid Smriti Pra V 390140003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bp Shmriti Pra V 390090008 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Chilaunebas Pra V 390050005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Dahare Pra V 390150002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Deurali Pra V 390150004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Gurukul Bed Biddhashram Ma V 390150008 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Jana Pardip Ma V 390050007 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Jana Uddhar Pra V 390150003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Balikot Darapani Par V 390160011 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Bal Kalyan Adhar V 390160008 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Jana Jagriti Adhar V 390160007 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Jana Kanyan Pra V 390160003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Priya Ma V 390170009 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Kalika Deurali Adhar V 390160005 Hill Community Upper Basic Syangja Lok Priya Pra V 390160002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Mahendra Pra V 390160001 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Sukra Raj Pra V 390160011 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Naba Durga Pra V 390160006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Chandra Jyoti Pra V 390170004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Jagriti Pra V 390170004 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Kalyan Ma V 300170001 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Mahima Ma V 390170008 Hill Community Secondary Syangja Nawa Durga Pra V 390170002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bal Jyoti Pra V 390180006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bal Suryodaya Pra V 390180007 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Jana Jagriti Ma V 390180003 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Mana Pra V 390180008 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Matribhumi Ma V 390180001 Hill Community Upper Secondary Syangja Saraswati Pra V 390180005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Kalika Pra V 390170005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Deep Jyoti Pra V 390190006 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Purna Durga Pra V 390190005 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Raniraha Pra V 390190002 Hill Community Lower Basic Syangja Bal Sudar Pra V 390180004 Hill Community Lower Basic Appendix 2: Details on Sample Schools Ecological Sample Community Schools by level Institutional Belts/Districts Lower Primary Upper Primary Secondary Upper Secondary Schools Mountain 97 25 20 7 2 Darchula 48 16 13 5 1 Solukhumbu 49 9 7 2 1 Hill 589 154 145 49 20 Dadeldhura 31 16 5 7 1 Gorkha 76 13 28 2 2 Jajarkot 67 23 13 4 0 Kavrepalanchowk 80 24 30 9 6 Okhaldhunga 53 8 14 4 1 Pyuthan 59 9 8 5 2 Ramechhap 58 21 11 8 1 Surkhet 73 29 20 2 2 Syangja 92 11 16 8 5 Terai 160 41 58 12 16 Sarlahi 62 14 11 7 3 Rautahat 46 10 13 3 1 Rupandehi 52 17 34 2 12 Valley 43 19 44 9 53 Kathmandu 19 10 33 5 43 Lalitpur 24 9 11 4 10 Total 889 239 267 77 91 Appendix 3a: Number of total students reported in IEMIS against the total number of students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1209 1134 2343 1213 1241 2454 806 851 1657 795 842 1637 803 864 1667 812 910 1722 1283 1235 2518 1142 1142 2284 796 829 1625 792 828 1620 823 820 1643 784 884 1668 Darchula 600 595 1195 741 740 1481 408 493 901 399 456 855 448 459 907 434 480 914 651 660 1311 671 671 1342 401 464 865 394 443 837 439 451 890 433 471 904 Solukhumbu 609 539 1148 472 501 973 398 358 756 396 386 782 355 405 760 378 430 808 632 575 1207 471 471 942 395 365 760 398 385 783 384 369 753 351 413 764 Hill 5456 5397 10853 7580 7670 15250 5681 5919 11600 5646 6090 11736 5786 5920 11706 5801 6139 11940 5891 5980 11871 7601 7601 15202 5727 5757 11484 5678 5995 11673 5752 6109 11861 5721 6227 11948 Dadeldhura 369 440 809 435 502 937 338 431 769 359 460 819 451 466 917 419 489 908 371 481 852 433 433 866 330 423 753 354 462 816 430 466 896 397 496 893 Gorkha 683 603 1286 717 677 1394 556 633 1189 623 640 1263 711 756 1467 766 751 1517 680 610 1290 670 670 1340 561 591 1152 590 595 1185 688 698 1386 661 719 1380 Jajarkot 872 945 1817 1538 1681 3219 952 904 1856 881 886 1767 751 790 1541 750 753 1503 877 950 1827 1517 1517 3034 946 876 1822 878 879 1757 734 813 1547 751 745 1496 Kavrepalanchowk 821 729 1550 1014 981 1995 725 727 1452 690 811 1501 753 756 1509 800 935 1735 786 746 1532 1063 1063 2126 813 773 1586 736 866 1602 768 823 1591 841 976 1817 Okhaldhunga 427 441 868 494 516 1010 417 402 819 404 425 829 442 401 843 415 452 867 409 434 843 499 499 998 399 393 792 414 424 838 422 411 833 386 458 844 Pyuthan 523 508 1031 1029 1025 2054 800 821 1621 775 792 1567 763 765 1528 661 734 1395 631 587 1218 1030 1030 2060 850 857 1707 828 819 1647 798 799 1597 724 784 1508 Ramechhap 481 496 977 537 557 1094 469 448 917 449 497 946 429 458 887 456 495 951 542 548 1090 599 599 1198 501 457 958 457 503 960 452 505 957 475 512 987 Surkhet 682 665 1347 1344 1301 2645 1037 1145 2182 1045 1132 2177 1056 1096 2152 1017 1054 2071 1018 1044 2062 1331 1331 2662 937 1001 1938 1031 1016 2047 1052 1026 2078 1007 1072 2079 Syangja 598 570 1168 472 430 902 387 408 795 420 447 867 430 432 862 517 476 993 577 580 1157 459 459 918 390 386 776 390 431 821 408 568 976 479 465 944 Terai 3015 3153 6168 4956 5304 10260 4072 4701 8773 4056 4518 8574 3693 3941 7634 3507 4117 7624 3722 3828 7550 5775 5775 11550 4478 5199 9677 4325 4905 9230 3723 4266 7989 3949 4466 8415 Sarlahi 826 911 1737 2206 2460 4666 1777 2102 3879 1716 1855 3571 1239 1507 2746 1519 1586 3105 1017 1068 2085 2269 2269 4538 1651 1966 3617 1574 1870 3444 1188 1465 2653 1400 1531 2931 Rautahat 509 467 976 891 890 1781 797 832 1629 847 926 1773 940 697 1637 558 717 1275 894 843 1737 1699 1699 3398 1404 1490 2894 1274 1317 2591 1075 1112 2187 1110 1151 2261 Rupandehi 1680 1775 3455 1859 1954 3813 1498 1767 3265 1493 1737 3230 1514 1737 3251 1430 1814 3244 1811 1917 3728 1807 1807 3614 1423 1743 3166 1477 1718 3195 1460 1689 3149 1439 1784 3223 Valley 1552 1528 3080 977 981 1958 907 934 1841 920 1005 1925 984 985 1969 985 1130 2115 1713 1684 3397 1104 1104 2208 1003 1044 2047 1054 1000 2054 1121 1111 2232 1098 1182 2280 Kathmandu 983 987 1970 615 647 1262 589 607 1196 608 593 1201 663 668 1331 683 753 1436 1063 1044 2107 706 706 1412 631 666 1297 703 663 1366 743 746 1489 710 770 1480 Lalitpur 569 541 1110 362 334 696 318 327 645 312 412 724 321 317 638 302 377 679 650 640 1290 398 398 796 372 378 750 351 337 688 378 365 743 388 412 800 Total 11232 11212 22444 14726 15196 29922 11466 12405 23871 11417 12455 23872 11266 11710 22976 11105 12296 23401 12609 12727 25336 15622 15622 31244 12004 12829 24833 11849 12728 24577 11419 12306 23725 11552 12759 24311 Appendix 3b: Number of total students reported in IEMIS against the number of total students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1 3 4 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 4 8 12 7 0 7 4 1 5 5 1 6 Darchula 1 3 4 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 9 6 0 6 4 1 5 5 1 6 Hill 250 199 449 260 201 461 209 155 364 196 158 354 173 159 332 296 296 592 269 217 486 259 180 439 199 159 358 190 168 358 Dadeldhura 27 16 43 21 7 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27 27 54 21 7 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 39 33 72 21 20 41 27 23 50 17 12 29 11 9 20 40 40 80 21 20 41 27 23 50 18 12 30 11 9 20 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 75 40 115 99 74 173 82 55 137 86 66 152 84 79 163 104 104 208 96 85 181 104 71 175 78 55 133 90 82 172 Okhaldhunga 11 7 18 11 14 25 11 8 19 10 3 13 10 13 23 11 11 22 11 14 25 11 8 19 10 3 13 10 13 23 Pyuthan 18 14 32 11 12 23 9 11 20 15 9 24 14 4 18 31 31 62 26 16 42 29 14 43 26 23 49 26 11 37 Ramechhap 13 16 29 16 13 29 14 13 27 6 11 17 10 11 21 13 13 26 17 13 30 14 13 27 6 11 17 11 11 22 Surkhet 28 22 50 28 28 56 23 11 34 14 16 30 11 8 19 30 30 60 30 27 57 28 18 46 14 16 30 11 8 19 Syangja 39 51 90 53 33 86 43 34 77 48 41 89 33 35 68 40 40 80 47 35 82 46 33 79 47 39 86 31 34 65 Terai 412 333 745 481 314 795 436 305 741 388 274 662 385 299 684 476 476 952 479 326 805 477 331 808 412 285 697 448 269 717 Sarlahi 81 55 136 97 56 153 98 64 162 92 48 140 86 40 126 108 108 216 131 66 197 118 84 202 105 56 161 119 65 184 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28 28 56 9 10 19 12 9 21 13 1 14 10 0 10 Rupandehi 331 278 609 384 258 642 338 241 579 296 226 522 299 259 558 340 340 680 339 250 589 347 238 585 294 228 522 319 204 523 Valley 778 667 1445 762 630 1392 747 605 1352 653 567 1220 770 607 1377 871 871 1742 809 661 1470 785 654 1439 664 608 1272 773 629 1402 Kathmandu 662 553 1215 646 537 1183 637 521 1158 563 485 1048 690 532 1222 743 743 1486 674 557 1231 654 565 1219 576 525 1101 695 548 1243 Lalitpur 116 114 230 116 93 209 110 84 194 90 82 172 80 75 155 128 128 256 135 104 239 131 89 220 88 83 171 78 81 159 Total 1441 1202 2643 1504 1147 2651 1393 1065 2458 1237 999 2236 1328 1065 2393 1644 1644 3288 1561 1212 2773 1528 1165 2693 1279 1053 2332 1416 1067 2483 Appendix 3c: Number of Dalit students reported in IEMIS against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 143 165 308 228 214 442 97 102 199 107 138 245 99 111 210 83 91 174 171 175 346 194 194 388 103 100 203 102 122 224 96 96 192 81 91 172 Darchula 91 114 205 182 156 338 63 77 140 75 93 168 72 80 152 61 66 127 108 120 228 156 156 312 62 76 138 74 86 160 70 74 144 57 63 120 Solukhumbu 52 51 103 46 58 104 34 25 59 32 45 77 27 31 58 22 25 47 63 55 118 38 38 76 41 24 65 28 36 64 26 22 48 24 28 52 Hill 1412 1474 2886 2100 2040 4140 1554 1678 3232 1502 1666 3168 1425 1547 2972 1374 1390 2764 1538 1625 3163 2078 2078 4156 1603 1637 3240 1510 1634 3144 1476 1595 3071 1364 1441 2805 Dadeldhura 144 180 324 155 166 321 105 147 252 92 161 253 130 135 265 110 120 230 140 186 326 143 143 286 117 143 260 109 155 264 126 140 266 104 137 241 Gorkha 255 204 459 207 209 416 162 216 378 211 180 391 188 221 409 180 215 395 211 167 378 179 179 358 167 191 358 186 167 353 187 212 399 178 208 386 Jajarkot 278 303 581 580 569 1149 359 313 672 281 299 580 247 264 511 216 244 460 293 335 628 592 592 1184 375 318 693 298 321 619 257 282 539 225 267 492 Kavrepalanchowk 71 71 142 66 69 135 54 61 115 50 63 113 60 69 129 83 64 147 82 73 155 74 74 148 81 59 140 59 60 119 65 68 133 76 60 136 Okhaldhunga 57 83 140 88 86 174 61 64 125 59 70 129 59 43 102 57 37 94 60 82 142 78 78 156 50 64 114 63 64 127 65 54 119 57 45 102 Pyuthan 145 129 274 291 259 550 220 220 440 196 240 436 167 185 352 133 151 284 176 166 342 333 333 666 253 266 519 233 266 499 215 229 444 165 191 356 Ramechhap 54 72 126 102 103 205 95 91 186 112 106 218 61 73 134 79 92 171 61 64 125 66 66 132 72 58 130 69 67 136 51 55 106 70 55 125 Surkhet 260 271 531 475 435 910 375 425 800 403 419 822 382 413 795 337 342 679 349 366 715 460 460 920 356 400 756 380 388 768 361 385 746 327 340 667 Syangja 148 161 309 136 144 280 123 141 264 98 128 226 131 144 275 179 125 304 166 186 352 153 153 306 132 138 270 113 146 259 149 170 319 162 138 300 Terai 703 697 1400 1181 1209 2390 1009 1022 2031 893 952 1845 748 846 1594 718 709 1427 816 804 1620 1326 1326 2652 1125 1059 2184 903 963 1866 771 875 1646 779 874 1653 Sarlahi 183 174 357 459 467 926 426 434 860 340 325 665 226 244 470 244 201 445 275 266 541 556 556 1112 458 420 878 330 344 674 232 247 479 234 311 545 Rautahat 175 164 339 278 291 569 224 224 448 232 238 470 204 229 433 157 159 316 199 147 346 405 405 810 343 264 607 276 268 544 235 240 475 233 217 450 Rupandehi 345 359 704 444 451 895 359 364 723 321 389 710 318 373 691 317 349 666 342 391 733 365 365 730 324 375 699 297 351 648 304 388 692 312 346 658 Valley 171 159 330 65 96 161 72 74 146 70 76 146 84 80 164 67 80 147 146 154 300 77 77 154 65 69 134 66 82 148 88 89 177 94 76 170 Kathmandu 93 100 193 39 48 87 47 46 93 45 43 88 51 48 99 42 47 89 83 107 190 65 65 130 52 55 107 58 64 122 59 62 121 57 65 122 Lalitpur 78 59 137 26 48 74 25 28 53 25 33 58 33 32 65 25 33 58 63 47 110 12 12 24 13 14 27 8 18 26 29 27 56 37 11 48 Total 2429 2495 4924 3574 3559 7133 2732 2876 5608 2572 2832 5404 2356 2584 4940 2242 2270 4512 2671 2758 5429 3675 3675 7350 2896 2865 5761 2581 2801 5382 2431 2655 5086 2318 2482 4800 Appendix 3d: Number of Dalit students reported in IEMIS against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 1 1 2 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Darchula 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Hill 27 40 67 32 19 51 19 20 39 28 22 50 14 17 31 28 28 56 20 19 39 33 15 48 17 11 28 11 11 22 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 0 3 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 3 6 9 1 3 4 5 2 7 2 2 4 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 11 17 28 11 4 15 2 6 8 6 4 10 2 3 5 2 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 Okhaldhunga 1 5 6 5 4 9 4 2 6 8 8 16 6 1 7 1 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 Pyuthan 3 2 5 0 3 3 1 0 1 4 1 5 1 4 5 4 4 8 5 0 5 10 4 14 3 1 4 3 2 5 Ramechhap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 8 1 5 6 5 1 6 2 1 3 1 0 1 Surkhet 7 9 16 10 5 15 5 9 14 5 1 6 3 2 5 9 9 18 5 4 9 6 2 8 2 3 5 1 1 2 Syangja 5 4 9 5 2 7 6 2 8 5 8 13 2 7 9 4 4 8 1 4 5 8 4 12 3 3 6 3 6 9 Terai 28 35 63 32 23 55 19 8 27 17 20 37 24 11 35 48 48 96 35 29 64 32 16 48 21 19 40 24 14 38 Sarlahi 11 20 31 7 2 9 2 1 3 6 3 9 12 2 14 10 10 20 15 16 31 11 8 19 3 3 6 2 0 2 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 17 15 32 25 21 46 17 7 24 11 17 28 12 9 21 38 38 76 20 13 33 21 8 29 18 16 34 22 14 36 Valley 45 29 74 48 35 83 40 45 85 53 39 92 49 34 83 61 61 122 61 45 106 55 44 99 86 50 136 65 40 105 Kathmandu 41 25 66 48 34 82 37 42 79 49 35 84 44 32 76 55 55 110 51 41 92 38 39 77 69 38 107 61 36 97 Lalitpur 4 4 8 0 1 1 3 3 6 4 4 8 5 2 7 6 6 12 10 4 14 17 5 22 17 12 29 4 4 8 Total 100 105 205 112 77 189 78 73 151 98 81 179 87 65 152 138 138 276 118 93 211 121 75 196 125 80 205 101 65 166 Appendix 3e: Number of Janajati students reported in IEMIS against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 471 425 896 382 378 760 315 293 608 323 296 619 287 336 623 314 352 666 495 442 937 377 377 754 322 305 627 331 301 632 326 317 643 296 338 634 Darchula 3 7 10 2 2 4 3 3 6 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 3 3 4 11 15 2 2 4 3 2 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Solukhumbu 468 418 886 380 376 756 312 290 602 323 296 619 287 334 621 314 349 663 491 431 922 375 375 750 319 303 622 331 301 632 326 316 642 296 337 633 Hill 2022 2002 4024 2521 2581 5102 2018 2038 4056 2034 2142 4176 2023 2104 4127 2045 2324 4369 2015 1977 3992 2597 2597 5194 2052 1993 4045 2032 2088 4120 1998 2063 4061 2055 2317 4372 Dadeldhura 8 11 19 27 25 52 28 29 57 23 31 54 39 42 81 27 37 64 9 19 28 28 28 56 31 31 62 31 33 64 36 40 76 26 40 66 Gorkha 336 296 632 337 318 655 248 277 525 261 299 560 344 349 693 333 360 693 288 301 589 315 315 630 256 256 512 252 275 527 297 318 615 318 344 662 Jajarkot 141 163 304 187 196 383 132 121 253 134 128 262 83 103 186 104 78 182 115 120 235 176 176 352 102 112 214 114 98 212 67 84 151 85 61 146 Kavrepalanchowk 539 560 1099 699 688 1387 510 509 1019 523 577 1100 505 508 1013 535 677 1212 503 510 1013 761 761 1522 550 544 1094 540 605 1145 531 532 1063 564 681 1245 Okhaldhunga 170 175 345 220 258 478 172 187 359 174 186 360 190 187 377 162 184 346 200 172 372 253 253 506 197 180 377 189 189 378 210 212 422 178 213 391 Pyuthan 222 225 447 445 470 915 405 373 778 375 322 697 343 355 698 324 349 673 276 253 529 462 462 924 423 412 835 413 357 770 362 368 730 359 365 724 Ramechhap 226 234 460 260 263 523 233 224 457 221 260 481 210 234 444 207 273 480 227 228 455 248 248 496 216 197 413 187 213 400 199 203 402 181 236 417 Surkhet 177 153 330 202 218 420 177 202 379 192 206 398 167 196 363 196 205 401 158 155 313 200 200 400 141 145 286 163 179 342 156 153 309 162 197 359 Syangja 203 185 388 144 145 289 113 116 229 131 133 264 142 130 272 157 161 318 239 219 458 154 154 308 136 116 252 143 139 282 140 153 293 182 180 362 Terai 1682 1673 3355 1702 1747 3449 1363 1529 2892 1432 1597 3029 1300 1478 2778 1259 1659 2918 1511 1611 3122 1691 1691 3382 1266 1628 2894 1316 1550 2866 1217 1447 2664 1214 1561 2775 Sarlahi 189 185 374 226 277 503 211 218 429 216 269 485 198 255 453 234 301 535 78 79 157 196 196 392 117 169 286 136 182 318 145 201 346 177 190 367 Rautahat 244 270 514 289 264 553 222 267 489 276 295 571 215 231 446 185 264 449 144 163 307 253 253 506 214 295 509 203 220 423 157 193 350 156 205 361 Rupandehi 1249 1218 2467 1187 1206 2393 930 1044 1974 940 1033 1973 887 992 1879 840 1094 1934 1289 1369 2658 1242 1242 2484 935 1164 2099 977 1148 2125 915 1053 1968 881 1166 2047 Valley 1284 1161 2445 633 597 1230 608 604 1212 584 594 1178 566 597 1163 578 576 1154 1143 1152 2295 741 741 1482 696 680 1376 672 699 1371 723 759 1482 688 791 1479 Kathmandu 860 798 1658 375 382 757 406 381 787 393 368 761 389 400 789 407 401 808 715 709 1424 465 465 930 465 431 896 457 466 923 467 512 979 461 516 977 Lalitpur 424 363 787 258 215 473 202 223 425 191 226 417 177 197 374 171 175 346 428 443 871 276 276 552 231 249 480 215 233 448 256 247 503 227 275 502 Total 5459 5261 10720 5238 5303 10541 4304 4464 8768 4373 4629 9002 4176 4515 8691 4196 4911 9107 5164 5182 10346 5406 5406 10812 4336 4606 8942 4351 4638 8989 4264 4586 8850 4253 5007 9260 Appendix 3f: Number of Janajati students reported in IEMIS against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 2 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 3 1 4 3 1 4 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 2 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 3 1 4 3 1 4 Hill 53 49 102 36 38 74 36 43 79 43 31 74 41 39 80 95 95 190 94 64 158 81 52 133 59 60 119 61 62 123 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 3 6 9 2 2 4 2 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 20 40 7 9 16 21 12 33 4 6 10 3 4 7 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 39 33 72 14 22 36 18 26 44 15 21 36 24 24 48 45 45 90 44 30 74 27 24 51 23 25 48 29 33 62 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 8 2 10 4 6 10 4 4 8 3 5 8 6 0 6 6 0 6 4 1 5 Pyuthan 4 4 8 5 8 13 7 7 14 6 3 9 0 0 0 12 12 24 11 6 17 7 2 9 7 9 16 8 5 13 Ramechhap 2 2 4 3 3 6 3 4 7 7 3 10 1 2 3 3 3 6 9 1 10 4 6 10 4 5 9 7 9 16 Surkhet 2 0 2 5 1 6 0 1 1 3 0 3 2 5 7 5 5 10 6 7 13 4 1 5 3 5 8 2 5 7 Syangja 3 4 7 7 2 9 3 2 5 4 2 6 10 2 12 6 6 12 14 6 20 12 7 19 12 10 22 8 5 13 Terai 139 131 270 120 121 241 106 126 232 83 100 183 97 72 169 143 143 286 150 82 232 144 107 251 114 95 209 121 78 199 Sarlahi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 8 16 11 5 16 11 16 27 5 6 11 12 6 18 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 4 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 139 131 270 120 121 241 106 126 232 83 100 183 97 72 169 133 133 266 139 76 215 133 89 222 109 89 198 109 72 181 Valley 290 337 627 301 281 582 281 255 536 293 267 560 306 305 611 378 378 756 392 339 731 342 331 673 323 311 634 312 312 624 Kathmandu 266 307 573 284 251 535 266 240 506 280 256 536 291 287 578 317 317 634 339 278 617 290 288 578 282 277 559 274 270 544 Lalitpur 24 30 54 17 30 47 15 15 30 13 11 24 15 18 33 61 61 122 53 61 114 52 43 95 41 34 75 38 42 80 Total 484 520 1004 457 440 897 423 424 847 419 400 819 444 417 861 616 616 1232 636 491 1127 571 490 1061 499 467 966 497 453 950 Appendix 4a: Number of total students reported in IEMIS against the number of total students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 813 1006 1819 707 816 1523 681 795 1476 587 560 1147 459 431 890 135 144 279 60 88 148 817 1020 1837 691 767 1458 670 743 1413 529 497 1026 368 357 725 181 202 383 79 105 184 Darchula 420 536 956 408 443 851 398 448 846 374 338 712 290 298 588 69 66 135 28 35 63 437 520 957 398 423 821 379 440 819 342 327 669 268 275 543 135 161 296 54 73 127 Solukhumbu 393 470 863 299 373 672 283 347 630 213 222 435 169 133 302 66 78 144 32 53 85 380 500 880 293 344 637 291 303 594 187 170 357 100 82 182 46 41 87 25 32 57 Hill 5497 6006 11503 5443 6093 11536 5638 6345 11983 5141 5554 10695 4217 4279 8496 823 977 1800 614 714 1328 5571 6077 11648 5424 6046 11470 5652 6526 12178 5062 5537 10599 3490 3873 7363 2079 2492 4571 1398 1477 2875 Dadeldhura 479 536 1015 467 524 991 413 501 914 398 447 845 356 317 673 58 97 155 91 72 163 473 523 996 447 517 964 417 501 918 348 414 762 314 361 675 144 239 383 114 107 221 Gorkha 682 806 1488 762 850 1612 691 840 1531 674 708 1382 574 542 1116 106 52 158 44 31 75 716 798 1514 697 757 1454 660 841 1501 627 684 1311 471 520 991 111 159 270 49 87 136 Jajarkot 618 665 1283 592 685 1277 687 638 1325 518 533 1051 476 497 973 183 191 374 166 181 347 616 667 1283 572 691 1263 685 657 1342 522 537 1059 509 494 1003 197 213 410 166 181 347 Kavrepalanchowk 783 838 1621 725 854 1579 698 880 1578 706 761 1467 486 545 1031 121 171 292 82 124 206 819 878 1697 787 920 1707 787 924 1711 807 821 1628 395 520 915 155 115 270 79 98 177 Okhaldhunga 390 398 788 382 412 794 429 435 864 412 490 902 378 410 788 45 52 97 42 38 80 357 397 754 373 386 759 392 409 801 385 473 858 336 385 721 208 284 492 174 222 396 Pyuthan 524 547 1071 411 528 939 391 536 927 342 491 833 278 328 606 32 80 112 24 44 68 562 653 1215 492 651 1143 420 607 1027 443 608 1051 298 342 640 208 359 567 113 168 281 Ramechhap 422 464 886 451 496 947 463 520 983 379 474 853 314 341 655 136 189 325 77 133 210 442 477 919 461 487 948 474 539 1013 353 450 803 344 391 735 148 208 356 80 130 210 Surkhet 1150 1192 2342 1140 1205 2345 1364 1436 2800 1261 1180 2441 896 817 1713 16 9 25 14 3 17 1175 1129 2304 1104 1127 2231 1303 1480 2783 1093 1092 2185 490 513 1003 748 679 1427 489 331 820 Syangja 449 560 1009 513 539 1052 502 559 1061 451 470 921 459 482 941 126 136 262 74 88 162 411 555 966 491 510 1001 514 568 1082 484 458 942 333 347 680 160 236 396 134 153 287 Terai 3007 3328 6335 3064 3202 6266 3032 3309 6341 2848 2873 5721 2119 2209 4328 797 1209 2006 911 696 1607 3499 3715 7214 3514 3498 7012 3741 3455 7196 3349 3113 6462 2395 2258 4653 1326 1525 2851 1181 938 2119 Sarlahi 1192 1222 2414 1184 1150 2334 1097 1192 2289 1051 917 1968 759 701 1460 199 206 405 96 123 219 1112 1206 2318 1070 1105 2175 1033 1025 2058 783 792 1575 523 471 994 231 165 396 70 80 150 Rautahat 414 434 848 369 392 761 376 362 738 285 287 572 147 149 296 36 35 71 45 15 60 906 860 1766 903 806 1709 1027 794 1821 909 760 1669 628 589 1217 389 378 767 233 256 489 Rupandehi 1401 1672 3073 1511 1660 3171 1559 1755 3314 1512 1669 3181 1213 1359 2572 562 968 1530 770 558 1328 1481 1649 3130 1541 1587 3128 1681 1636 3317 1657 1561 3218 1244 1198 2442 706 982 1688 878 602 1480 Valley 1095 1135 2230 1031 1187 2218 1045 1216 2261 1041 1045 2086 697 721 1418 155 216 371 108 235 343 1200 1217 2417 1100 1231 2331 1095 1317 2412 1071 1210 2281 533 576 1109 226 252 478 117 200 317 Kathmandu 718 800 1518 683 828 1511 681 821 1502 665 729 1394 504 501 1005 125 148 273 101 94 195 811 847 1658 737 848 1585 727 879 1606 767 842 1609 402 441 843 169 130 299 78 136 214 Lalitpur 377 335 712 348 359 707 364 395 759 376 316 692 193 220 413 30 68 98 7 141 148 389 370 759 363 383 746 368 438 806 304 368 672 131 135 266 57 122 179 39 64 103 Total 10412 11475 21887 10245 11298 21543 10396 11665 22061 9617 10032 19649 7492 7640 15132 1910 2546 4456 1693 1733 3426 11087 12029 23116 10729 11542 22271 11158 12041 23199 10011 10357 20368 6786 7064 13850 3812 4471 8283 2775 2720 5495 Appendix 4b: Number of total students reported in IEMIS against the number of total students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 195 127 322 165 132 297 150 101 251 128 104 232 152 115 267 0 0 0 0 0 0 204 135 339 175 147 322 152 98 250 131 115 246 110 101 211 154 175 329 120 115 235 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 20 14 34 23 9 32 13 14 27 10 6 16 15 8 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 14 34 23 10 33 13 14 27 10 6 16 15 8 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 95 64 159 80 81 161 95 59 154 93 78 171 102 88 190 0 0 0 0 0 0 90 67 157 92 96 188 100 57 157 97 89 186 79 82 161 154 175 329 120 115 235 Okhaldhunga 10 5 15 8 4 12 7 6 13 3 2 5 6 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 15 8 4 12 7 6 13 3 2 5 6 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 7 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 13 7 20 8 13 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 7 20 9 13 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 12 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 45 27 72 46 25 71 35 22 57 22 18 40 29 17 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 25 69 43 24 67 32 21 53 21 18 39 10 9 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 371 256 627 366 230 596 344 250 594 367 218 585 366 215 581 295 324 619 217 245 462 411 292 703 398 264 662 389 239 628 386 251 637 389 241 630 383 385 768 350 240 590 Sarlahi 78 41 119 91 51 142 91 40 131 113 37 150 147 40 187 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 70 172 125 71 196 139 60 199 157 62 219 123 55 178 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 293 215 508 275 179 454 253 210 463 254 181 435 219 175 394 295 324 619 217 245 462 303 222 525 270 192 462 250 179 429 229 189 418 266 186 452 383 385 768 350 240 590 Valley 689 563 1252 645 534 1179 603 531 1134 593 524 1117 413 361 774 90 79 169 75 66 141 716 583 1299 677 541 1218 624 562 1186 593 526 1119 414 375 789 84 75 159 75 66 141 Kathmandu 622 489 1111 565 474 1039 547 467 1014 542 466 1008 394 347 741 87 75 162 75 66 141 644 508 1152 594 479 1073 567 500 1067 547 472 1019 394 356 750 84 75 159 75 66 141 Lalitpur 67 74 141 80 60 140 56 64 120 51 58 109 19 14 33 3 4 7 0 0 0 72 75 147 83 62 145 57 62 119 46 54 100 20 19 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1255 946 2201 1176 896 2072 1097 882 1979 1088 846 1934 931 691 1622 385 403 788 292 311 603 1332 1012 2344 1250 952 2202 1165 899 2064 1110 892 2002 913 717 1630 621 635 1256 545 421 966 Appendix 4c: Number of Dalit students reported in IEMIS against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 82 118 200 62 63 125 62 61 123 47 36 83 36 31 67 8 11 19 4 1 5 152 186 338 94 64 158 100 74 174 45 29 74 28 21 49 15 18 33 6 3 9 Darchula 51 81 132 49 45 94 44 30 74 35 24 59 30 19 49 4 1 5 0 1 1 55 71 126 42 41 83 36 29 65 30 18 48 24 14 38 12 13 25 3 3 6 Solukhumbu 31 37 68 13 18 31 18 31 49 12 12 24 6 12 18 4 10 14 4 0 4 97 115 212 52 23 75 64 45 109 15 11 26 4 7 11 3 5 8 3 0 3 Hill 1228 1332 2560 1097 1217 2314 1049 1221 2270 844 899 1743 583 613 1196 94 99 193 61 70 131 1203 1365 2568 1105 1204 2309 1033 1221 2254 783 890 1673 485 535 1020 238 295 533 148 174 322 Dadeldhura 111 95 206 86 123 209 73 83 156 65 59 124 54 54 108 4 3 7 4 1 5 115 113 228 109 120 229 78 89 167 61 71 132 50 54 104 18 20 38 16 13 29 Gorkha 171 212 383 167 203 370 179 214 393 173 179 352 118 90 208 19 13 32 6 3 9 183 208 391 154 170 324 163 196 359 141 152 293 102 91 193 20 26 46 7 15 22 Jajarkot 205 195 400 195 186 381 159 187 346 136 121 257 67 99 166 22 24 46 25 24 49 204 197 401 168 200 368 166 194 360 120 118 238 74 87 161 22 30 52 24 24 48 Kavrepalanchowk 55 67 122 43 52 95 33 34 67 23 45 68 20 22 42 5 3 8 7 3 10 71 68 139 60 50 110 46 34 80 34 38 72 24 18 42 11 9 20 9 10 19 Okhaldhunga 50 49 99 53 48 101 44 34 78 29 15 44 23 25 48 2 2 4 0 2 2 38 62 100 45 53 98 33 39 72 34 24 58 27 53 80 25 29 54 12 25 37 Pyuthan 111 118 229 79 102 181 78 116 194 67 96 163 43 49 92 5 12 17 3 6 9 138 156 294 114 143 257 85 142 227 89 124 213 56 57 113 36 59 95 8 20 28 Ramechhap 64 72 136 66 69 135 65 73 138 46 49 95 28 39 67 13 28 41 7 17 24 45 58 103 61 65 126 55 53 108 37 45 82 23 39 62 13 23 36 7 12 19 Surkhet 349 378 727 277 305 582 304 358 662 198 240 438 139 152 291 1 0 1 3 1 4 314 342 656 269 267 536 280 326 606 180 223 403 74 75 149 66 66 132 45 29 74 Syangja 112 146 258 131 129 260 114 122 236 107 95 202 91 83 174 23 14 37 6 13 19 95 161 256 125 136 261 127 148 275 87 95 182 55 61 116 27 33 60 20 26 46 Terai 566 527 1093 491 483 974 448 474 922 356 346 702 247 233 480 92 75 167 54 47 101 631 662 1293 588 515 1103 484 519 1003 406 366 772 300 242 542 117 100 217 91 69 160 Sarlahi 176 146 322 138 114 252 119 108 227 77 64 141 53 28 81 9 4 13 5 4 9 202 207 409 181 157 338 130 158 288 91 87 178 86 48 134 22 14 36 12 10 22 Rautahat 104 102 206 104 92 196 91 61 152 46 41 87 26 19 45 0 1 1 5 0 5 148 157 305 133 102 235 123 103 226 106 68 174 74 47 121 33 22 55 24 15 39 Rupandehi 286 279 565 249 277 526 238 305 543 233 241 474 168 186 354 83 70 153 44 43 87 281 298 579 274 256 530 231 258 489 209 211 420 140 147 287 62 64 126 55 44 99 Valley 69 77 146 64 90 154 52 59 111 44 52 96 48 34 82 1 7 8 9 10 19 90 97 187 74 102 176 74 73 147 56 69 125 44 51 95 6 12 18 6 5 11 Kathmandu 40 38 78 40 46 86 27 29 56 26 28 54 30 23 53 1 2 3 9 7 16 71 84 155 58 76 134 55 60 115 47 59 106 39 47 86 6 6 12 6 4 10 Lalitpur 29 39 68 24 44 68 25 30 55 18 24 42 18 11 29 0 5 5 0 3 3 19 13 32 16 26 42 19 13 32 9 10 19 5 4 9 0 6 6 0 1 1 Total 1945 2054 3999 1714 1853 3567 1611 1815 3426 1291 1333 2624 914 911 1825 195 192 387 128 128 256 2076 2310 4386 1861 1885 3746 1691 1887 3578 1290 1354 2644 857 849 1706 376 425 801 251 251 502 Appendix 4d: Number of Dalit students reported in IEMIS against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 11 15 26 18 10 28 17 17 34 21 17 38 16 13 29 5 10 15 10 10 20 16 4 20 4 1 5 3 2 5 2 0 2 6 1 7 3 2 5 2 1 3 Dadeldhura 6 3 9 7 5 12 10 11 21 19 14 33 11 3 14 4 5 9 10 8 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 7 1 1 2 2 1 3 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 5 0 5 5 1 6 6 3 9 2 2 4 3 6 9 1 5 6 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 2 5 2 1 3 Okhaldhunga 0 12 12 6 4 10 1 3 4 0 1 1 2 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 2 8 2 0 2 1 1 2 2 0 2 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 16 16 32 18 11 29 25 17 42 13 8 21 12 8 20 3 2 5 6 3 9 14 9 23 7 10 17 17 8 25 14 5 19 12 4 16 11 16 27 5 4 9 Sarlahi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 3 0 3 5 1 6 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 16 16 32 18 11 29 25 17 42 13 8 21 12 8 20 3 2 5 6 3 9 10 9 19 7 8 15 14 8 22 9 4 13 10 4 14 11 16 27 5 4 9 Valley 40 42 82 33 36 69 45 29 74 39 34 73 23 31 54 0 3 3 1 3 4 62 35 97 46 23 69 32 36 68 41 37 78 23 33 56 0 1 1 3 5 8 Kathmandu 40 42 82 33 36 69 45 29 74 39 34 73 23 31 54 0 3 3 1 3 4 58 33 91 43 21 64 31 31 62 40 32 72 23 31 54 0 1 1 3 5 8 Lalitpur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 6 3 2 5 1 5 6 1 5 6 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 68 74 142 70 58 128 88 64 152 75 61 136 51 52 103 8 15 23 17 16 33 92 48 140 57 34 91 52 46 98 57 42 99 41 38 79 14 19 33 10 10 20 Appendix 4e: Number of Janajati students reported in IEMIS against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 316 375 691 243 320 563 225 256 481 148 127 275 101 109 210 21 37 58 21 26 47 243 324 567 199 293 492 196 203 399 133 116 249 89 71 160 30 35 65 32 27 59 Darchula 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Solukhumbu 315 374 689 243 320 563 225 256 481 147 127 274 101 109 210 21 37 58 21 26 47 242 323 565 199 293 492 196 203 399 132 116 248 89 71 160 30 35 65 31 27 58 Hill 1920 2082 4002 1934 2080 4014 1810 2091 3901 1607 1792 3399 1252 1418 2670 204 212 416 156 176 332 1883 2083 3966 1787 2037 3824 1870 2221 4091 1584 1797 3381 1081 1324 2405 556 679 1235 299 393 692 Dadeldhura 32 46 78 28 22 50 30 18 48 24 12 36 17 16 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 40 69 28 28 56 28 30 58 22 28 50 13 16 29 7 8 15 1 2 3 Gorkha 336 363 699 362 384 746 278 390 668 313 296 609 239 251 490 46 23 69 22 13 35 346 376 722 305 350 655 304 417 721 294 281 575 209 260 469 61 86 147 30 50 80 Jajarkot 68 89 157 80 121 201 88 79 167 67 45 112 55 59 114 24 35 59 30 27 57 42 65 107 53 86 139 60 65 125 37 33 70 38 41 79 11 10 21 14 16 30 Kavrepalanchowk 500 554 1054 521 588 1109 472 546 1018 440 490 930 301 335 636 29 29 58 26 27 53 515 584 1099 549 603 1152 524 571 1095 443 517 960 240 303 543 78 79 157 39 57 96 Okhaldhunga 176 167 343 150 142 292 167 168 335 124 206 330 122 132 254 9 15 24 11 7 18 160 186 346 168 167 335 181 188 369 164 204 368 144 152 296 73 86 159 48 59 107 Pyuthan 207 220 427 151 205 356 137 200 337 101 144 245 66 110 176 4 6 10 3 6 9 228 230 458 147 213 360 144 204 348 144 166 310 70 121 191 57 77 134 31 35 66 Ramechhap 239 230 469 216 211 427 192 222 414 151 197 348 128 161 289 39 49 88 36 64 100 215 214 429 191 208 399 206 251 457 151 223 374 145 185 330 48 56 104 27 52 79 Surkhet 220 224 444 272 232 504 294 314 608 252 235 487 188 203 391 4 2 6 6 2 8 194 170 364 199 197 396 234 279 513 166 180 346 79 97 176 157 196 353 70 77 147 Syangja 142 189 331 154 175 329 152 154 306 135 167 302 136 151 287 49 53 102 22 30 52 154 218 372 147 185 332 189 216 405 163 165 328 143 149 292 64 81 145 39 45 84 Terai 1208 1390 2598 1152 1273 2425 1265 1326 2591 1043 1101 2144 794 859 1653 273 277 550 197 194 391 1137 1270 2407 1177 1234 2411 1165 1214 2379 999 1097 2096 667 781 1448 258 266 524 155 197 352 Sarlahi 253 263 516 192 237 429 234 249 483 163 169 332 117 142 259 9 14 23 6 10 16 153 154 307 128 164 292 164 181 345 117 128 245 64 103 167 22 33 55 10 12 22 Rautahat 148 163 311 130 148 278 179 177 356 102 123 225 59 84 143 0 0 0 0 0 0 142 141 283 143 137 280 157 160 317 103 156 259 87 111 198 81 104 185 35 71 106 Rupandehi 807 964 1771 830 888 1718 852 900 1752 778 809 1587 618 633 1251 264 263 527 191 184 375 842 975 1817 906 933 1839 844 873 1717 779 813 1592 516 567 1083 155 129 284 110 114 224 Valley 607 601 1208 555 572 1127 522 582 1104 481 554 1035 394 392 786 53 103 156 57 73 130 749 706 1455 685 807 1492 678 751 1429 669 744 1413 315 335 650 116 125 241 58 111 169 Kathmandu 390 400 790 360 406 766 331 387 718 334 370 704 293 258 551 44 67 111 56 56 112 491 517 1008 449 544 993 428 522 950 457 486 943 231 249 480 86 63 149 36 64 100 Lalitpur 217 201 418 195 166 361 191 195 386 147 184 331 101 134 235 9 36 45 1 17 18 258 189 447 236 263 499 250 229 479 212 258 470 84 86 170 30 62 92 22 47 69 Total 4051 4448 8499 3884 4245 8129 3822 4255 8077 3279 3574 6853 2541 2778 5319 551 629 1180 431 469 900 4012 4383 8395 3848 4371 8219 3909 4389 8298 3385 3754 7139 2152 2511 4663 960 1105 2065 544 728 1272 Appendix 4f: Number of Janajati students reported in IEMIS against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Reported in IEMIS Students data maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 4 10 14 0 3 3 4 3 7 10 4 14 0 0 0 2 13 15 2 9 11 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 4 10 14 0 3 3 4 3 7 10 4 14 0 0 0 2 13 15 2 9 11 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 22 36 58 29 32 61 22 33 55 36 29 65 29 46 75 15 31 46 16 13 29 73 49 122 66 59 125 41 35 76 44 36 80 33 44 77 61 67 128 39 61 100 Dadeldhura 0 1 1 3 4 7 1 3 4 3 2 5 3 3 6 3 1 4 1 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 13 15 7 22 3 7 10 5 3 8 6 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 17 22 39 22 24 46 19 23 42 31 24 55 23 38 61 12 30 42 15 10 25 38 29 67 33 43 76 33 19 52 36 29 65 27 36 63 61 67 128 39 61 100 Okhaldhunga 3 10 13 0 4 4 1 4 5 2 3 5 3 5 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 1 2 0 3 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 2 3 5 4 0 4 1 3 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 12 6 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 6 17 11 4 15 5 6 11 2 4 6 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 23 56 79 72 82 154 64 59 123 51 12 63 42 36 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 125 83 208 87 57 144 76 59 135 81 67 148 71 57 128 121 155 276 131 76 207 Sarlahi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 12 7 9 16 11 7 18 12 10 22 2 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 23 56 79 72 82 154 64 59 123 51 12 63 42 36 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 116 80 196 80 48 128 65 52 117 69 57 126 69 53 122 121 155 276 131 76 207 Valley 292 286 578 270 253 523 266 315 581 231 227 458 128 161 289 10 5 15 7 4 11 340 258 598 285 247 532 288 268 556 247 238 485 166 164 330 15 30 45 18 24 42 Kathmandu 290 286 576 270 252 522 266 312 578 230 227 457 128 161 289 10 5 15 7 4 11 296 226 522 247 224 471 259 243 502 225 215 440 150 152 302 15 30 45 18 24 42 Lalitpur 2 0 2 0 1 1 0 3 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 32 76 38 23 61 29 25 54 22 23 45 16 12 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 341 388 729 371 370 741 356 410 766 328 272 600 199 243 442 27 49 76 25 26 51 539 392 931 438 363 801 405 362 767 372 341 713 270 265 535 197 252 449 188 161 349 Appendix 5: Average days students attended in classrooms in Jestha, 2073 BS (Community Schools) Average days attended Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 16 17 17 21 21 21 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 23 24 23 23 23 Darchula 14 14 14 21 20 21 23 23 23 24 23 23 23 23 23 24 23 24 Solukhumbu 19 20 19 21 22 21 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 23 23 23 Hill 16 15 16 19 20 19 19 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 18 19 Dadeldhura 16 17 17 20 21 20 22 23 22 22 23 22 23 24 23 22 22 22 Gorkha 15 14 14 20 36 28 20 20 20 20 29 24 16 18 17 17 15 16 Jajarkot 12 6 9 21 11 16 12 6 9 12 6 9 13 6 9 13 6 9 Kavrepalanchowk 16 16 16 17 17 17 19 19 19 20 20 20 19 20 20 20 20 20 Okhaldhunga 16 14 15 18 17 18 20 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 Pyuthan 15 15 15 18 18 18 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Ramechhap 18 18 18 20 20 20 21 22 21 22 21 21 21 22 21 22 23 22 Surkhet 15 16 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 16 16 17 17 17 Syangja 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 Terai 15 16 16 16 15 15 16 16 16 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 17 16 Sarlahi 17 17 17 18 17 18 17 17 17 18 17 18 18 18 18 18 19 18 Rautahat 14 15 15 14 13 13 14 14 14 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 Rupandehi 15 17 16 15 14 15 15 16 16 15 16 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 Valley 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 20 21 21 20 21 20 21 20 21 21 21 Kathmandu 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 19 19 19 19 20 19 Lalitpur 20 21 21 21 21 21 22 21 22 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 21 22 Total 17 17 17 19 19 19 20 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Appendix 6a: Number of total students observed in the classroom against the number of total students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 862 854 1716 851 969 1820 648 711 1359 644 696 1340 662 696 1358 643 763 1406 1283 1235 2518 1142 1142 2284 796 829 1625 792 828 1620 823 820 1643 784 884 1668 Darchula 405 429 834 504 585 1089 345 397 742 341 393 734 374 386 760 364 433 797 651 660 1311 671 671 1342 401 464 865 394 443 837 439 451 890 433 471 904 Solukhumbu 457 425 882 347 384 731 303 314 617 303 303 606 288 310 598 279 330 609 632 575 1207 471 471 942 395 365 760 398 385 783 384 369 753 351 413 764 Hill 5805 5044 10849 6582 6775 13357 5290 5301 10591 4940 5547 10487 5096 5526 10622 5171 5894 11065 7702 7897 15599 9408 9408 18816 7150 7500 14650 7155 7713 14868 7212 7798 15010 7160 8011 15171 Dadeldhura 231 300 531 321 392 713 263 345 608 312 374 686 344 375 719 332 394 726 371 481 852 433 433 866 330 423 753 354 462 816 430 466 896 397 496 893 Gorkha 516 456 972 550 537 1087 454 535 989 511 509 1020 571 596 1167 556 623 1179 680 610 1290 670 670 1340 561 591 1152 590 595 1185 688 698 1386 661 719 1380 Jajarkot 514 571 1085 1229 1064 2293 670 632 1302 616 592 1208 503 576 1079 550 512 1062 877 950 1827 1517 1517 3034 946 876 1822 878 879 1757 734 813 1547 751 745 1496 Kavrepalanchowk 420 456 876 959 764 1723 547 547 1094 494 641 1135 560 575 1135 643 701 1344 786 746 1532 1063 1063 2126 813 773 1586 736 866 1602 768 823 1591 841 976 1817 Okhaldhunga 253 293 546 399 367 766 286 296 582 299 318 617 295 288 583 308 350 658 409 434 843 499 499 998 399 393 792 414 424 838 422 411 833 386 458 844 Pyuthan 548 422 970 799 820 1619 681 711 1392 667 698 1365 671 699 1370 605 693 1298 631 587 1218 1030 1030 2060 850 857 1707 828 819 1647 798 799 1597 724 784 1508 Rupandehi 1876 1371 3247 1099 1498 2597 1320 1093 2413 899 1191 2090 948 1180 2128 926 1248 2174 1811 1917 3728 1807 1807 3614 1423 1743 3166 1477 1718 3195 1460 1689 3149 1439 1784 3223 Surkhet 767 634 1401 998 892 1890 695 764 1459 765 794 1559 822 833 1655 806 916 1722 1018 1044 2062 1331 1331 2662 937 1001 1938 1031 1016 2047 1052 1026 2078 1007 1072 2079 Syangja 680 541 1221 228 441 669 374 378 752 377 430 807 382 404 786 445 457 902 577 580 1157 459 459 918 390 386 776 390 431 821 408 568 976 479 465 944 Terai 1374 1392 2766 3380 3209 6589 3175 2506 5681 2925 2443 5368 1989 2267 4256 2186 2241 4427 2453 2459 4912 4567 4567 9134 3556 3913 7469 3305 3690 6995 2715 3082 5797 2985 3194 6179 Sarlahi 579 619 1198 1910 1229 3139 1660 1124 2784 1401 1256 2657 899 989 1888 901 1046 1947 1017 1068 2085 2269 2269 4538 1651 1966 3617 1574 1870 3444 1188 1465 2653 1400 1531 2931 Rautahat 415 399 814 1059 1510 2569 1120 1028 2148 1167 789 1956 746 881 1627 896 773 1669 894 843 1737 1699 1699 3398 1404 1490 2894 1274 1317 2591 1075 1112 2187 1110 1151 2261 Ramechhap 380 374 754 411 470 881 395 354 749 357 398 755 344 397 741 389 422 811 542 548 1090 599 599 1198 501 457 958 457 503 960 452 505 957 475 512 987 Valley 1997 1364 3361 885 881 1766 812 864 1676 934 915 1849 967 1033 2000 952 1075 2027 1713 1684 3397 1104 1104 2208 1003 1044 2047 1054 1000 2054 1121 1111 2232 1098 1182 2280 Kathmandu 1490 865 2355 593 617 1210 551 582 1133 645 608 1253 667 702 1369 637 732 1369 1063 1044 2107 706 706 1412 631 666 1297 703 663 1366 743 746 1489 710 770 1480 Lalitpur 507 499 1006 292 264 556 261 282 543 289 307 596 300 331 631 315 343 658 650 640 1290 398 398 796 372 378 750 351 337 688 378 365 743 388 412 800 Total 10038 8654 18692 11698 11834 23532 9925 9382 19307 9443 9601 19044 8714 9522 18236 8952 9973 18925 12609 12727 25336 15622 15622 31244 12004 12829 24833 11849 12728 24577 11419 12306 23725 11552 12759 24311 Appendix 6b: Number of total students observed in the classroom against the number of total students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 18 13 31 1 2 3 3 8 11 7 0 7 3 0 3 5 1 6 24 13 37 1 1 2 4 8 12 7 0 7 4 1 5 5 1 6 Darchula 15 6 21 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 6 22 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 3 7 10 0 0 0 2 6 8 6 0 6 3 0 3 5 1 6 8 7 15 0 0 0 3 6 9 6 0 6 4 1 5 5 1 6 Hill 527 670 1197 262 218 480 245 192 437 230 158 388 194 160 354 184 153 337 1009 723 1732 636 636 1272 608 467 1075 606 418 1024 493 387 880 509 372 881 Dadeldhura 65 40 105 24 16 40 18 7 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 43 113 27 27 54 21 7 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 115 87 202 31 25 56 18 18 36 28 23 51 17 12 29 16 9 25 124 93 217 40 40 80 21 20 41 27 23 50 18 12 30 11 9 20 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 260 199 459 100 75 175 89 77 166 98 68 166 83 64 147 88 79 167 290 227 517 104 104 208 96 85 181 104 71 175 78 55 133 90 82 172 Okhaldhunga 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 11 22 11 14 25 11 8 19 10 3 13 10 13 23 Pyuthan 25 87 112 23 21 44 22 14 36 15 11 26 22 20 42 24 8 32 153 100 253 31 31 62 26 16 42 29 14 43 26 23 49 26 11 37 Ramechhap 0 45 45 13 17 30 17 13 30 14 13 27 6 11 17 11 11 22 36 45 81 13 13 26 17 13 30 14 13 27 6 11 17 11 11 22 Surkhet 13 105 118 29 23 52 30 27 57 27 8 35 14 16 30 11 8 19 161 108 269 30 30 60 30 27 57 28 18 46 14 16 30 11 8 19 Syangja 44 107 151 42 41 83 51 36 87 48 35 83 52 37 89 34 38 72 175 107 282 40 40 80 47 35 82 46 33 79 47 39 86 31 34 65 Terai 521 813 1334 424 296 720 421 297 718 412 290 702 360 259 619 399 244 643 1507 972 2479 476 476 952 479 326 805 477 331 808 412 285 697 448 269 717 Sarlahi 86 95 181 75 52 127 94 50 144 68 54 122 65 41 106 89 46 135 239 151 390 108 108 216 131 66 197 118 84 202 105 56 161 119 65 184 Rautahat 8 29 37 24 2 26 7 9 16 13 6 19 11 1 12 7 0 7 60 50 110 28 28 56 9 10 19 12 9 21 13 1 14 10 0 10 Rupandehi 427 689 1116 325 242 567 320 238 558 331 230 561 284 217 501 303 198 501 1208 771 1979 340 340 680 339 250 589 347 238 585 294 228 522 319 204 523 Valley 1885 2037 3922 806 687 1493 742 613 1355 742 627 1369 616 560 1176 741 603 1344 2730 2250 4980 871 871 1742 809 661 1470 785 654 1439 664 608 1272 773 629 1402 Kathmandu 1483 1717 3200 704 581 1285 634 522 1156 633 544 1177 543 482 1025 676 523 1199 2299 1898 4197 743 743 1486 674 557 1231 654 565 1219 576 525 1101 695 548 1243 Lalitpur 402 320 722 102 106 208 108 91 199 109 83 192 73 78 151 65 80 145 431 352 783 128 128 256 135 104 239 131 89 220 88 83 171 78 81 159 Total 2951 3533 6484 1493 1203 2696 1411 1110 2521 1391 1075 2466 1173 979 2152 1329 1001 2330 5270 3958 9228 1644 1644 3288 1561 1212 2773 1528 1165 2693 1279 1053 2332 1416 1067 2483 Appendix 6c: Number of Dalit students observed in the classroom against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 88 92 180 113 124 237 82 77 159 84 95 179 62 68 130 58 72 130 171 175 346 194 194 388 103 100 203 102 122 224 96 96 192 81 91 172 Darchula 49 58 107 89 87 176 50 57 107 63 68 131 45 57 102 41 49 90 108 120 228 156 156 312 62 76 138 74 86 160 70 74 144 57 63 120 Solukhumbu 39 34 73 24 37 61 32 20 52 21 27 48 17 11 28 17 23 40 63 55 118 38 38 76 41 24 65 28 36 64 26 22 48 24 28 52 Hill 987 1096 2083 1393 1511 2904 1162 1223 2385 1060 1264 2324 1116 1192 2308 1056 1120 2176 1538 1625 3163 2078 2078 4156 1603 1637 3240 1510 1634 3144 1476 1595 3071 1364 1441 2805 Dadeldhura 81 106 187 93 116 209 86 97 183 75 121 196 92 89 181 72 102 174 140 186 326 143 143 286 117 143 260 109 155 264 126 140 266 104 137 241 Gorkha 164 146 310 153 152 305 136 168 304 154 160 314 168 198 366 168 165 333 211 167 378 179 179 358 167 191 358 186 167 353 187 212 399 178 208 386 Jajarkot 178 194 372 364 383 747 243 226 469 173 224 397 177 196 373 153 182 335 293 335 628 592 592 1184 375 318 693 298 321 619 257 282 539 225 267 492 Kavrepalanchowk 35 45 80 36 58 94 36 38 74 24 28 52 38 37 75 46 40 86 82 73 155 74 74 148 81 59 140 59 60 119 65 68 133 76 60 136 Okhaldhunga 36 70 106 50 55 105 31 39 70 36 50 86 35 33 68 39 35 74 60 82 142 78 78 156 50 64 114 63 64 127 65 54 119 57 45 102 Pyuthan 108 113 221 229 219 448 188 210 398 174 195 369 164 178 342 139 150 289 176 166 342 333 333 666 253 266 519 233 266 499 215 229 444 165 191 356 Ramechhap 30 42 72 37 69 106 51 36 87 52 54 106 39 48 87 52 42 94 61 64 125 66 66 132 72 58 130 69 67 136 51 55 106 70 55 125 Surkhet 211 212 423 307 304 611 256 276 532 268 279 547 274 286 560 234 246 480 349 366 715 460 460 920 356 400 756 380 388 768 361 385 746 327 340 667 Syangja 144 168 312 124 155 279 135 133 268 104 153 257 129 127 256 153 158 311 166 186 352 153 153 306 132 138 270 113 146 259 149 170 319 162 138 300 Terai 431 482 913 585 674 1259 454 506 960 403 501 904 378 451 829 384 398 782 816 804 1620 1326 1326 2652 1125 1059 2184 903 963 1866 771 875 1646 779 874 1653 Sarlahi 121 140 261 224 272 496 167 209 376 143 164 307 100 109 209 109 102 211 275 266 541 556 556 1112 458 420 878 330 344 674 232 247 479 234 311 545 Rautahat 67 68 135 127 140 267 83 82 165 80 96 176 56 71 127 63 59 122 199 147 346 405 405 810 343 264 607 276 268 544 235 240 475 233 217 450 Rupandehi 243 274 517 234 262 496 204 215 419 180 241 421 222 271 493 212 237 449 342 391 733 365 365 730 324 375 699 297 351 648 304 388 692 312 346 658 Valley 122 92 214 63 71 134 82 62 144 68 77 145 83 86 169 62 69 131 146 154 300 77 77 154 65 69 134 66 82 148 88 89 177 94 76 170 Kathmandu 87 70 157 56 52 108 54 49 103 59 58 117 68 70 138 52 54 106 83 107 190 65 65 130 52 55 107 58 64 122 59 62 121 57 65 122 Lalitpur 35 22 57 7 19 26 28 13 41 9 19 28 15 16 31 10 15 25 63 47 110 12 12 24 13 14 27 8 18 26 29 27 56 37 11 48 Total 1628 1762 3390 2154 2380 4534 1780 1868 3648 1615 1937 3552 1639 1797 3436 1560 1659 3219 2671 2758 5429 3675 3675 7350 2896 2865 5761 2581 2801 5382 2431 2655 5086 2318 2482 4800 Appendix 6d: Number of Dalit students observed in the classroom against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 8 3 11 3 2 5 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 8 3 11 1 1 2 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Darchula 5 0 5 3 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 5 0 5 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 3 3 6 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 3 3 6 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Hill 118 90 208 29 24 53 18 19 37 25 12 37 14 9 23 11 11 22 130 69 199 28 28 56 20 19 39 33 15 48 17 11 28 11 11 22 Dadeldhura 5 2 7 2 0 2 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 10 2 2 4 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 25 9 34 2 5 7 3 5 8 1 2 3 4 2 6 2 1 3 26 10 36 2 2 4 3 6 9 1 3 4 5 2 7 2 2 4 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 2 29 31 1 1 2 0 1 1 2 0 2 2 0 2 1 1 2 4 1 5 2 2 4 1 0 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 0 1 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 Pyuthan 21 7 28 2 3 5 4 0 4 6 3 9 1 0 1 2 2 4 26 11 37 4 4 8 5 0 5 10 4 14 3 1 4 3 2 5 Ramechhap 4 10 14 4 3 7 1 5 6 5 1 6 2 1 3 1 0 1 4 10 14 4 4 8 1 5 6 5 1 6 2 1 3 1 0 1 Surkhet 31 18 49 9 6 15 5 4 9 3 2 5 2 3 5 1 1 2 32 18 50 9 9 18 5 4 9 6 2 8 2 3 5 1 1 2 Syangja 30 15 45 9 6 15 1 4 5 8 4 12 3 3 6 4 6 10 30 17 47 4 4 8 1 4 5 8 4 12 3 3 6 3 6 9 Terai 78 47 125 58 35 93 24 16 40 21 13 34 16 17 33 16 12 28 89 59 148 48 48 96 35 29 64 32 16 48 21 19 40 24 14 38 Sarlahi 5 2 7 3 4 7 4 3 7 3 6 9 3 3 6 2 0 2 6 5 11 10 10 20 15 16 31 11 8 19 3 3 6 2 0 2 Rautahat 3 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 70 39 109 55 31 86 20 13 33 18 7 25 13 14 27 14 12 26 77 49 126 38 38 76 20 13 33 21 8 29 18 16 34 22 14 36 Valley 104 141 245 32 25 57 30 23 53 47 24 71 61 24 85 32 18 50 120 114 234 61 61 122 61 45 106 55 44 99 86 50 136 65 40 105 Kathmandu 74 127 201 26 18 44 23 18 41 31 20 51 40 15 55 23 15 38 84 97 181 55 55 110 51 41 92 38 39 77 69 38 107 61 36 97 Lalitpur 30 14 44 6 7 13 7 5 12 16 4 20 21 9 30 9 3 12 36 17 53 6 6 12 10 4 14 17 5 22 17 12 29 4 4 8 Total 308 281 589 122 86 208 74 58 132 94 49 143 92 51 143 60 41 101 347 245 592 138 138 276 118 93 211 121 75 196 125 80 205 101 65 166 Appendix 6e: Number of Janajati students observed in the classroom against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 358 356 714 293 312 605 249 262 511 253 237 490 246 277 523 234 261 495 495 442 937 377 377 754 322 305 627 331 301 632 326 317 643 296 338 634 Darchula 2 5 7 2 2 4 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 4 11 15 2 2 4 3 2 5 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 Solukhumbu 356 351 707 291 310 601 247 260 507 253 237 490 246 276 522 234 260 494 491 431 922 375 375 750 319 303 622 331 301 632 326 316 642 296 337 633 Hill 1412 1386 2798 1837 1925 3762 1630 1641 3271 1641 1713 3354 1637 1652 3289 1710 1915 3625 2015 1977 3992 2597 2597 5194 2052 1993 4045 2032 2088 4120 1998 2063 4061 2055 2317 4372 Dadeldhura 5 10 15 16 23 39 18 35 53 26 20 46 17 25 42 18 20 38 9 19 28 28 28 56 31 31 62 31 33 64 36 40 76 26 40 66 Gorkha 228 210 438 268 257 525 230 242 472 232 232 464 266 269 535 269 314 583 288 301 589 315 315 630 256 256 512 252 275 527 297 318 615 318 344 662 Jajarkot 60 77 137 126 137 263 87 70 157 87 78 165 54 65 119 65 45 110 115 120 235 176 176 352 102 112 214 114 98 212 67 84 151 85 61 146 Kavrepalanchowk 286 295 581 449 450 899 389 397 786 383 469 852 399 392 791 468 522 990 503 510 1013 761 761 1522 550 544 1094 540 605 1145 531 532 1063 564 681 1245 Okhaldhunga 137 119 256 164 159 323 145 145 290 144 146 290 149 132 281 153 151 304 200 172 372 253 253 506 197 180 377 189 189 378 210 212 422 178 213 391 Pyuthan 192 185 377 380 413 793 348 357 705 355 335 690 331 330 661 297 331 628 276 253 529 462 462 924 423 412 835 413 357 770 362 368 730 359 365 724 Ramechhap 165 179 344 168 194 362 166 162 328 150 153 303 162 166 328 146 199 345 227 228 455 248 248 496 216 197 413 187 213 400 199 203 402 181 236 417 Surkhet 105 102 207 128 137 265 111 114 225 121 136 257 123 125 248 129 153 282 158 155 313 200 200 400 141 145 286 163 179 342 156 153 309 162 197 359 Syangja 234 209 443 138 155 293 136 119 255 143 144 287 136 148 284 165 180 345 239 219 458 154 154 308 136 116 252 143 139 282 140 153 293 182 180 362 Terai 987 1165 2152 957 1170 2127 766 949 1715 728 991 1719 722 951 1673 739 1003 1742 1511 1611 3122 1691 1691 3382 1266 1628 2894 1316 1550 2866 1217 1447 2664 1214 1561 2775 Sarlahi 38 58 96 97 110 207 54 67 121 73 80 153 65 99 164 114 92 206 78 79 157 196 196 392 117 169 286 136 182 318 145 201 346 177 190 367 Rautahat 70 95 165 100 134 234 79 97 176 64 78 142 60 91 151 55 86 141 144 163 307 253 253 506 214 295 509 203 220 423 157 193 350 156 205 361 Rupandehi 879 1012 1891 760 926 1686 633 785 1418 591 833 1424 597 761 1358 570 825 1395 1289 1369 2658 1242 1242 2484 935 1164 2099 977 1148 2125 915 1053 1968 881 1166 2047 Valley 1056 1072 2128 656 672 1328 598 636 1234 688 672 1360 672 706 1378 678 792 1470 1143 1152 2295 741 741 1482 696 680 1376 672 699 1371 723 759 1482 688 791 1479 Kathmandu 723 752 1475 443 484 927 454 454 908 482 469 951 467 497 964 457 551 1008 715 709 1424 465 465 930 465 431 896 457 466 923 467 512 979 461 516 977 Lalitpur 333 320 653 213 188 401 144 182 326 206 203 409 205 209 414 221 241 462 428 443 871 276 276 552 231 249 480 215 233 448 256 247 503 227 275 502 Total 3813 3979 7792 3743 4079 7822 3243 3488 6731 3310 3613 6923 3277 3586 6863 3361 3971 7332 5164 5182 10346 5406 5406 10812 4336 4606 8942 4351 4638 8989 4264 4586 8850 4253 5007 9260 Appendix 6f: Number of Janajati students observed in the classroom against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Students data maintained in the register Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 2 0 2 3 1 4 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 3 1 4 3 1 4 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 2 0 2 3 1 4 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 6 6 4 0 4 3 1 4 3 1 4 Hill 282 196 478 70 69 139 72 50 122 62 45 107 43 48 91 43 47 90 303 243 546 95 95 190 94 64 158 81 52 133 59 60 119 61 62 123 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 53 43 96 16 10 26 6 8 14 20 12 32 4 6 10 3 4 7 56 47 103 20 20 40 7 9 16 21 12 33 4 6 10 3 4 7 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 110 48 158 30 26 56 29 23 52 17 18 35 15 14 29 17 21 38 114 83 197 45 45 90 44 30 74 27 24 51 23 25 48 29 33 62 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 8 3 5 8 6 0 6 6 0 6 4 1 5 Pyuthan 44 30 74 10 5 15 8 5 13 5 2 7 6 8 14 7 4 11 55 39 94 12 12 24 11 6 17 7 2 9 7 9 16 8 5 13 Ramechhap 18 25 43 3 10 13 9 1 10 4 6 10 4 5 9 7 8 15 18 25 43 3 3 6 9 1 10 4 6 10 4 5 9 7 9 16 Surkhet 19 20 39 5 3 8 6 7 13 4 1 5 3 5 8 2 5 7 19 20 39 5 5 10 6 7 13 4 1 5 3 5 8 2 5 7 Syangja 38 30 68 6 15 21 14 6 20 12 6 18 11 10 21 7 5 12 41 29 70 6 6 12 14 6 20 12 7 19 12 10 22 8 5 13 Terai 455 280 735 118 78 196 124 74 198 118 82 200 94 83 177 94 63 157 491 330 821 143 143 286 150 82 232 144 107 251 114 95 209 121 78 199 Sarlahi 15 15 30 8 6 14 4 6 10 4 4 8 4 6 10 12 4 16 22 31 53 8 8 16 11 5 16 11 16 27 5 6 11 12 6 18 Rautahat 1 4 5 5 0 5 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 6 2 2 4 0 1 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 439 261 700 105 72 177 120 67 187 114 76 190 90 77 167 82 59 141 466 296 762 133 133 266 139 76 215 133 89 222 109 89 198 109 72 181 Valley 1037 924 1961 316 279 595 338 263 601 292 264 556 252 253 505 284 245 529 1162 1018 2180 378 378 756 392 339 731 342 331 673 323 311 634 312 312 624 Kathmandu 861 778 1639 258 224 482 280 212 492 242 229 471 223 222 445 252 203 455 964 845 1809 317 317 634 339 278 617 290 288 578 282 277 559 274 270 544 Lalitpur 176 146 322 58 55 113 58 51 109 50 35 85 29 31 60 32 42 74 198 173 371 61 61 122 53 61 114 52 43 95 41 34 75 38 42 80 Total 1779 1403 3182 504 426 930 534 393 927 476 391 867 391 384 775 424 356 780 1961 1594 3555 616 616 1232 636 491 1127 571 490 1061 499 467 966 497 453 950 Appendix 6g: Number of total students observed in the classroom against the number of total students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 625 824 1449 549 642 1191 533 634 1167 448 426 874 293 265 558 104 138 242 44 75 119 817 1020 1837 691 767 1458 670 743 1413 529 497 1026 368 357 725 181 202 383 79 105 184 Darchula 359 460 819 332 359 691 330 366 696 291 258 549 235 224 459 64 103 167 30 50 80 437 520 957 398 423 821 379 440 819 342 327 669 268 275 543 135 161 296 54 73 127 Solukhumbu 266 364 630 217 283 500 203 268 471 157 168 325 58 41 99 40 35 75 14 25 39 380 500 880 293 344 637 291 303 594 187 170 357 100 82 182 46 41 87 25 32 57 Hill 4401 4939 9340 4305 5217 9522 4469 5407 9876 4007 4695 8702 1982 2400 4382 978 1495 2473 604 896 1500 7052 7726 14778 6965 7633 14598 7333 8162 15495 6719 7098 13817 4734 5071 9805 2785 3474 6259 2276 2079 4355 Dadeldhura 370 451 821 360 428 788 336 428 764 259 349 608 219 283 502 56 141 197 20 26 46 473 523 996 447 517 964 417 501 918 348 414 762 314 361 675 144 239 383 114 107 221 Gorkha 623 727 1350 607 756 1363 616 713 1329 557 655 1212 432 454 886 145 147 292 77 135 212 716 798 1514 697 757 1454 660 841 1501 627 684 1311 471 520 991 111 159 270 49 87 136 Jajarkot 452 445 897 411 516 927 461 482 943 367 395 762 284 349 633 124 155 279 137 161 298 616 667 1283 572 691 1263 685 657 1342 522 537 1059 509 494 1003 197 213 410 166 181 347 Kavrepalanchowk 574 669 1243 562 745 1307 549 778 1327 554 639 1193 170 247 417 43 83 126 18 43 61 819 878 1697 787 920 1707 787 924 1711 807 821 1628 395 520 915 155 115 270 79 98 177 Okhaldhunga 258 267 525 276 318 594 270 300 570 268 375 643 125 175 300 98 148 246 86 107 193 357 397 754 373 386 759 392 409 801 385 473 858 336 385 721 208 284 492 174 222 396 Pyuthan 462 539 1001 406 576 982 397 526 923 356 545 901 220 254 474 166 300 466 103 165 268 562 653 1215 492 651 1143 420 607 1027 443 608 1051 298 342 640 208 359 567 113 168 281 Ramechhap 341 392 733 352 413 765 345 435 780 288 394 682 211 234 445 83 136 219 46 86 132 442 477 919 461 487 948 474 539 1013 353 450 803 344 391 735 148 208 356 80 130 210 Surkhet 919 950 1869 866 962 1828 995 1213 2208 919 888 1807 77 118 195 112 160 272 42 33 75 1175 1129 2304 1104 1127 2231 1303 1480 2783 1093 1092 2185 490 513 1003 748 679 1427 489 331 820 Syangja 402 499 901 465 503 968 500 532 1032 439 455 894 244 286 530 151 225 376 75 140 215 411 555 966 491 510 1001 514 568 1082 484 458 942 333 347 680 160 236 396 134 153 287 Terai 1720 2018 3738 1757 1895 3652 2024 2186 4210 1789 1954 3743 1039 1132 2171 843 715 1558 632 476 1108 3499 3715 7214 3514 3498 7012 3741 3455 7196 3349 3113 6462 2395 2258 4653 1326 1525 2851 1181 938 2119 Sarlahi 455 522 977 414 456 870 437 561 998 323 446 769 128 151 279 51 57 108 14 25 39 1112 1206 2318 1070 1105 2175 1033 1025 2058 783 792 1575 523 471 994 231 165 396 70 80 150 Rautahat 230 296 526 238 261 499 294 282 576 275 283 558 19 0 19 33 50 83 35 58 93 906 860 1766 903 806 1709 1027 794 1821 909 760 1669 628 589 1217 389 378 767 233 256 489 Rupandehi 1035 1200 2235 1105 1178 2283 1293 1343 2636 1191 1225 2416 892 981 1873 759 608 1367 583 393 976 1481 1649 3130 1541 1587 3128 1681 1636 3317 1657 1561 3218 1244 1198 2442 706 982 1688 878 602 1480 Valley 1022 1070 2092 979 1135 2114 1033 1175 2208 872 1024 1896 400 495 895 275 201 476 118 172 290 1200 1217 2417 1100 1231 2331 1095 1317 2412 1071 1210 2281 533 576 1109 226 252 478 117 200 317 Kathmandu 667 810 1477 651 794 1445 668 840 1508 603 722 1325 356 436 792 205 138 343 74 121 195 811 847 1658 737 848 1585 727 879 1606 767 842 1609 402 441 843 169 130 299 78 136 214 Lalitpur 355 260 615 328 341 669 365 335 700 269 302 571 44 59 103 70 63 133 44 51 95 389 370 759 363 383 746 368 438 806 304 368 672 131 135 266 57 122 179 39 64 103 Total 7768 8851 16619 7590 8889 16479 8059 9402 17461 7116 8099 15215 3714 4292 8006 2200 2549 4749 1398 1619 3017 11087 12029 23116 10729 11542 22271 11158 12041 23199 10011 10357 20368 6786 7064 13850 3812 4471 8283 2775 2720 5495 Appendix 6h: Number of total students observed in the classroom against the number of total students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 183 120 303 157 139 296 132 105 237 114 78 192 63 58 121 37 79 116 49 52 101 507 357 864 445 339 784 402 277 679 360 304 664 376 287 663 537 560 1097 470 355 825 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 17 14 31 17 11 28 13 13 26 10 6 16 15 7 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 14 34 23 10 33 13 14 27 10 6 16 15 8 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 88 59 147 87 91 178 85 70 155 84 54 138 48 51 99 37 79 116 49 52 101 90 67 157 92 96 188 100 57 157 97 89 186 79 82 161 154 175 329 120 115 235 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 5 15 8 4 12 7 6 13 3 2 5 6 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 9 6 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 7 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 12 7 19 9 13 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 7 20 9 13 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 12 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 45 24 69 44 24 68 34 22 56 20 18 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 25 69 43 24 67 32 21 53 21 18 39 10 9 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 365 274 639 348 242 590 346 217 563 334 215 549 249 155 404 175 138 313 235 153 388 411 292 703 398 264 662 389 239 628 386 251 637 389 241 630 383 385 768 350 240 590 Sarlahi 69 53 122 93 53 146 104 51 155 109 43 152 69 34 103 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 70 172 125 71 196 139 60 199 157 62 219 123 55 178 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 6 0 6 3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6 3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 290 221 511 252 188 440 242 166 408 225 172 397 180 121 301 175 138 313 235 153 388 303 222 525 270 192 462 250 179 429 229 189 418 266 186 452 383 385 768 350 240 590 Valley 668 575 1243 645 466 1111 584 508 1092 594 502 1096 380 349 729 83 74 157 73 65 138 716 583 1299 677 541 1218 624 562 1186 593 526 1119 414 375 789 84 75 159 75 66 141 Kathmandu 621 517 1138 583 425 1008 531 450 981 549 454 1003 361 333 694 83 74 157 73 65 138 644 508 1152 594 479 1073 567 500 1067 547 472 1019 394 356 750 84 75 159 75 66 141 Lalitpur 47 58 105 62 41 103 53 58 111 45 48 93 19 16 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 72 75 147 83 62 145 57 62 119 46 54 100 20 19 39 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1217 971 2188 1150 847 1997 1062 830 1892 1042 795 1837 692 562 1254 295 291 586 357 270 627 1332 1012 2344 1250 952 2202 1165 899 2064 1110 892 2002 913 717 1630 621 635 1256 545 421 966 Appendix 6i: Number of Dalit students observed in the classroom against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Ecological Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register Belts/Distr G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 icts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 62 84 146 38 43 81 34 34 68 24 18 42 28 13 41 6 6 12 5 2 7 152 186 338 94 64 158 100 74 174 45 29 74 28 21 49 15 18 33 6 3 9 Darchula 47 63 110 32 27 59 14 27 41 13 16 29 24 10 34 4 4 8 2 2 4 55 71 126 42 41 83 36 29 65 30 18 48 24 14 38 12 13 25 3 3 6 Solukhumbu 15 21 36 6 16 22 20 7 27 11 2 13 4 3 7 2 2 4 3 0 3 97 115 212 52 23 75 64 45 109 15 11 26 4 7 11 3 5 8 3 0 3 Hill 899 1089 1988 861 852 1713 1003 613 1616 740 298 1038 499 351 850 142 175 317 68 128 196 1203 1365 2568 1105 1204 2309 1033 1221 2254 783 890 1673 485 535 1020 238 295 533 148 174 322 Dadeldhura 78 83 161 66 69 135 76 40 116 63 30 93 50 33 83 4 8 12 0 2 2 115 113 228 109 120 229 78 89 167 61 71 132 50 54 104 18 20 38 16 13 29 Gorkha 150 213 363 149 170 319 183 145 328 147 89 236 102 74 176 23 25 48 11 24 35 183 208 391 154 170 324 163 196 359 141 152 293 102 91 193 20 26 46 7 15 22 Jajarkot 145 140 285 99 100 199 135 69 204 79 45 124 74 65 139 21 24 45 18 22 40 204 197 401 168 200 368 166 194 360 120 118 238 74 87 161 22 30 52 24 24 48 Kavrepalanchowk48 48 96 27 32 59 22 22 44 28 5 33 24 13 37 6 4 10 3 2 5 71 68 139 60 50 110 46 34 80 34 38 72 24 18 42 11 9 20 9 10 19 Okhaldhunga 32 40 72 33 21 54 32 22 54 21 6 27 41 12 53 10 11 21 4 12 16 38 62 100 45 53 98 33 39 72 34 24 58 27 53 80 25 29 54 12 25 37 Pyuthan 114 131 245 95 75 170 136 68 204 113 35 148 56 50 106 33 30 63 6 18 24 138 156 294 114 143 257 85 142 227 89 124 213 56 57 113 36 59 95 8 20 28 Ramechhap 32 45 77 41 36 77 45 29 74 32 10 42 23 23 46 6 11 17 6 10 16 45 58 103 61 65 126 55 53 108 37 45 82 23 39 62 13 23 36 7 12 19 Surkhet 197 234 431 232 212 444 242 136 378 163 22 185 74 25 99 16 21 37 7 3 10 314 342 656 269 267 536 280 326 606 180 223 403 74 75 149 66 66 132 45 29 74 Syangja 103 155 258 119 137 256 132 82 214 94 56 150 55 56 111 23 41 64 13 35 48 95 161 256 125 136 261 127 148 275 87 95 182 55 61 116 27 33 60 20 26 46 Terai 319 359 678 333 298 631 318 240 558 225 132 357 302 132 434 43 58 101 22 24 46 631 662 1293 588 515 1103 484 519 1003 406 366 772 300 242 542 117 100 217 91 69 160 Sarlahi 81 80 161 77 59 136 68 48 116 31 10 41 86 9 95 12 19 31 2 4 6 202 207 409 181 157 338 130 158 288 91 87 178 86 48 134 22 14 36 12 10 22 Rautahat 37 58 95 40 44 84 39 31 70 22 4 26 74 0 74 1 0 1 3 0 3 148 157 305 133 102 235 123 103 226 106 68 174 74 47 121 33 22 55 24 15 39 Rupandehi 201 221 422 216 195 411 211 161 372 172 118 290 142 123 265 30 39 69 17 20 37 281 298 579 274 256 530 231 258 489 209 211 420 140 147 287 62 64 126 55 44 99 Valley 72 77 149 59 64 123 71 71 142 66 28 94 50 37 87 13 7 20 9 10 19 90 97 187 74 102 176 74 73 147 56 69 125 44 51 95 6 12 18 6 5 11 Kathmandu 55 66 121 44 47 91 60 64 124 52 24 76 45 37 82 7 7 14 9 9 18 71 84 155 58 76 134 55 60 115 47 59 106 39 47 86 6 6 12 6 4 10 Lalitpur 17 11 28 15 17 32 11 7 18 14 4 18 5 0 5 6 0 6 0 1 1 19 13 32 16 26 42 19 13 32 9 10 19 5 4 9 0 6 6 0 1 1 Total 1352 1609 2961 1291 1257 2548 1426 958 2384 1055 476 1531 879 533 1412 204 246 450 104 164 268 2076 2310 4386 1861 1885 3746 1691 1887 3578 1290 1354 2644 857 849 1706 376 425 801 251 251 502 Appendix 6j: Number of Dalit students observed in the classroom against the number of Dalit students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 15 4 19 3 4 7 3 2 5 0 2 2 6 0 6 0 1 1 0 1 1 16 4 20 4 1 5 3 2 5 2 0 2 6 1 7 3 2 5 2 1 3 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 6 1 7 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 7 1 1 2 2 1 3 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 2 5 2 1 3 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 6 2 8 1 2 3 1 2 3 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 2 8 2 0 2 1 1 2 2 0 2 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 10 6 16 8 16 24 8 12 20 4 6 10 10 1 11 3 5 8 3 2 5 14 9 23 7 10 17 17 8 25 14 5 19 12 4 16 11 16 27 5 4 9 Sarlahi 2 0 2 0 3 3 1 5 6 1 1 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 3 0 3 5 1 6 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 6 6 12 8 13 21 7 7 14 3 5 8 8 1 9 3 5 8 3 2 5 10 9 19 7 8 15 14 8 22 9 4 13 10 4 14 11 16 27 5 4 9 Valley 40 23 63 25 13 38 14 33 47 21 20 41 17 27 44 0 0 0 0 0 0 62 35 97 46 23 69 32 36 68 41 37 78 23 33 56 0 1 1 3 5 8 Kathmandu 29 15 44 18 12 30 11 32 43 18 20 38 17 25 42 0 0 0 0 0 0 58 33 91 43 21 64 31 31 62 40 32 72 23 31 54 0 1 1 3 5 8 Lalitpur 11 8 19 7 1 8 3 1 4 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 6 3 2 5 1 5 6 1 5 6 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 65 33 98 36 33 69 25 47 72 25 28 53 33 28 61 3 6 9 3 3 6 92 48 140 57 34 91 52 46 98 57 42 99 41 38 79 14 19 33 10 10 20 Appendix 6k: Number of Janajati students observed in the classroom against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Community Schools) Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Ecological Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 233 305 538 188 165 353 211 121 332 117 53 170 89 34 123 25 32 57 18 20 38 243 324 567 199 293 492 196 203 399 133 116 249 89 71 160 30 35 65 32 27 59 Darchula 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Solukhumbu 232 305 537 188 165 353 211 120 331 117 53 170 89 34 123 25 32 57 17 20 37 242 323 565 199 293 492 196 203 399 132 116 248 89 71 160 30 35 65 31 27 58 Hill 1512 1696 3208 1479 1425 2904 1931 1207 3138 1490 663 2153 1094 859 1953 280 379 659 151 240 391 1883 2083 3966 1787 2037 3824 1870 2221 4091 1584 1797 3381 1081 1324 2405 556 679 1235 299 393 692 Dadeldhura 22 25 47 16 13 29 23 17 40 12 10 22 13 18 31 1 1 2 0 0 0 29 40 69 28 28 56 28 30 58 22 28 50 13 16 29 7 8 15 1 2 3 Gorkha 320 346 666 311 273 584 396 260 656 277 182 459 211 232 443 60 66 126 32 57 89 346 376 722 305 350 655 304 417 721 294 281 575 209 260 469 61 86 147 30 50 80 Jajarkot 38 46 84 35 45 80 50 26 76 20 25 45 38 28 66 7 4 11 13 14 27 42 65 107 53 86 139 60 65 125 37 33 70 38 41 79 11 10 21 14 16 30 Kavrepalanchowk 386 447 833 410 364 774 515 346 861 365 120 485 248 148 396 12 37 49 15 32 47 515 584 1099 549 603 1152 524 571 1095 443 517 960 240 303 543 78 79 157 39 57 96 Okhaldhunga 104 111 215 103 100 203 106 91 197 176 58 234 147 72 219 49 61 110 23 28 51 160 186 346 168 167 335 181 188 369 164 204 368 144 152 296 73 86 159 48 59 107 Pyuthan 174 192 366 118 122 240 188 91 279 156 57 213 70 82 152 42 60 102 26 31 57 228 230 458 147 213 360 144 204 348 144 166 310 70 121 191 57 77 134 31 35 66 Ramechhap 167 188 355 171 153 324 222 118 340 168 82 250 145 119 264 24 40 64 16 35 51 215 214 429 191 208 399 206 251 457 151 223 374 145 185 330 48 56 104 27 52 79 Surkhet 154 150 304 155 173 328 231 115 346 133 31 164 79 27 106 26 38 64 6 9 15 194 170 364 199 197 396 234 279 513 166 180 346 79 97 176 157 196 353 70 77 147 Syangja 147 191 338 160 182 342 200 143 343 183 98 281 143 133 276 59 72 131 20 34 54 154 218 372 147 185 332 189 216 405 163 165 328 143 149 292 64 81 145 39 45 84 Terai 781 882 1663 746 781 1527 934 679 1613 786 436 1222 684 540 1224 108 116 224 68 88 156 1137 1270 2407 1177 1234 2411 1165 1214 2379 999 1097 2096 667 781 1448 258 266 524 155 197 352 Sarlahi 106 97 203 77 81 158 119 77 196 92 48 140 64 39 103 39 21 60 10 8 18 153 154 307 128 164 292 164 181 345 117 128 245 64 103 167 22 33 55 10 12 22 Rautahat 58 67 125 50 45 95 66 51 117 60 8 68 87 0 87 9 16 25 16 29 45 142 141 283 143 137 280 157 160 317 103 156 259 87 111 198 81 104 185 35 71 106 Rupandehi 617 718 1335 619 655 1274 749 551 1300 634 380 1014 533 501 1034 60 79 139 42 51 93 842 975 1817 906 933 1839 844 873 1717 779 813 1592 516 567 1083 155 129 284 110 114 224 Valley 729 729 1458 674 671 1345 766 597 1363 706 278 984 348 318 666 168 137 305 83 124 207 749 706 1455 685 807 1492 678 751 1429 669 744 1413 315 335 650 116 125 241 58 111 169 Kathmandu 494 564 1058 453 439 892 528 396 924 482 234 716 264 281 545 105 93 198 52 84 136 491 517 1008 449 544 993 428 522 950 457 486 943 231 249 480 86 63 149 36 64 100 Lalitpur 235 165 400 221 232 453 238 201 439 224 44 268 84 37 121 63 44 107 31 40 71 258 189 447 236 263 499 250 229 479 212 258 470 84 86 170 30 62 92 22 47 69 Total 3255 3612 6867 3087 3042 6129 3842 2604 6446 3099 1430 4529 2215 1751 3966 581 664 1245 320 472 792 4012 4383 8395 3848 4371 8219 3909 4389 8298 3385 3754 7139 2152 2511 4663 960 1105 2065 544 728 1272 Appendix 6l: Number of Janajati students observed in the classroom against the number of Janajati students maintained in the register (Institutional Schools) Observed in the classroom Maintained in the register G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Ecological Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 54 99 153 114 78 192 68 82 150 67 45 112 86 38 124 55 77 132 61 45 106 189 129 318 146 107 253 106 87 193 113 93 206 102 97 199 182 222 404 170 137 307 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 6 6 12 12 3 15 6 6 12 3 6 9 6 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 6 13 15 7 22 3 7 10 5 3 8 6 5 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 25 10 35 11 13 24 7 16 23 8 8 16 19 7 26 23 36 59 16 25 41 38 29 67 33 43 76 33 19 52 36 29 65 27 36 63 61 67 128 39 61 100 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2 1 1 2 0 3 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 3 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 8 3 11 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 12 6 4 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 12 7 19 14 5 19 7 2 9 4 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 6 17 11 4 15 5 6 11 2 4 6 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 101 72 173 78 68 146 55 70 125 62 37 99 63 29 92 32 41 73 45 20 65 125 83 208 87 57 144 76 59 135 81 67 148 71 57 128 121 155 276 131 76 207 Sarlahi 8 3 11 7 11 18 7 12 19 10 6 16 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 3 12 7 9 16 11 7 18 12 10 22 2 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 93 69 162 71 57 128 48 58 106 52 31 83 61 27 88 32 41 73 45 20 65 116 80 196 80 48 128 65 52 117 69 57 126 69 53 122 121 155 276 131 76 207 Valley 249 193 442 225 203 428 193 202 395 165 125 290 134 122 256 0 3 3 0 0 0 340 258 598 285 247 532 288 268 556 247 238 485 166 164 330 15 30 45 18 24 42 Kathmandu 224 157 381 187 178 365 172 181 353 142 111 253 118 112 230 0 3 3 0 0 0 296 226 522 247 224 471 259 243 502 225 215 440 150 152 302 15 30 45 18 24 42 Lalitpur 25 36 61 38 25 63 21 21 42 23 14 37 16 10 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 32 76 38 23 61 29 25 54 22 23 45 16 12 28 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 405 366 771 417 349 766 316 354 670 294 207 501 283 189 472 87 121 208 106 65 171 655 472 1127 518 411 929 470 414 884 441 398 839 339 318 657 318 407 725 319 237 556 Appendix 7a: Observation of total students in one day versus observation of total students in 10 days (Community schools) One day Observation 10 Days Observation Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 862 854 1716 851 969 1820 648 711 1359 644 696 1340 662 696 1358 643 763 1406 875 831 1706 817 906 1723 629 668 1297 621 644 1265 630 674 1304 621 728 1349 Darchula 405 429 834 504 585 1089 345 397 742 341 393 734 374 386 760 364 433 797 458 441 899 490 526 1016 316 367 683 316 356 672 353 376 729 342 382 724 Solukhumbu 457 425 882 347 384 731 303 314 617 303 303 606 288 310 598 279 330 609 417 390 807 327 380 707 313 301 614 305 288 593 277 298 575 279 346 625 Hill 4309 4047 8356 5894 5747 11641 4365 4562 8927 4398 4754 9152 4492 4743 9235 4634 5068 9702 10968 3804 14772 4892 5245 10137 4037 4224 8261 4070 4444 8514 4216 4576 8792 4199 4791 8990 Dadeldhura 231 300 531 321 392 713 263 345 608 312 374 686 344 375 719 332 394 726 243 314 557 295 396 691 251 329 580 279 359 638 343 377 720 320 427 747 Gorkha 516 456 972 550 537 1087 454 535 989 511 509 1020 571 596 1167 556 623 1179 452 432 884 505 479 984 435 468 903 466 524 990 570 621 1191 557 626 1183 Jajarkot 514 571 1085 1229 1064 2293 670 632 1302 616 592 1208 503 576 1079 550 512 1062 505 542 1047 878 954 1832 629 635 1264 550 559 1109 437 559 996 462 514 976 Kavrepalanchowk 420 456 876 959 764 1723 547 547 1094 494 641 1135 560 575 1135 643 701 1344 401 412 813 599 644 1243 501 490 991 459 568 1027 487 540 1027 551 626 1177 Okhaldhunga 253 293 546 399 367 766 286 296 582 299 318 617 295 288 583 308 350 658 7546 275 7821 310 341 651 260 273 533 311 286 597 287 286 573 283 316 599 Pyuthan 548 422 970 799 820 1619 681 711 1392 667 698 1365 671 699 1370 605 693 1298 424 393 817 753 800 1553 619 664 1283 660 678 1338 627 661 1288 563 658 1221 Ramechhap 380 374 754 411 470 881 395 354 749 357 398 755 344 397 741 389 422 811 284 313 597 364 437 801 342 311 653 316 362 678 317 353 670 315 383 698 Surkhet 767 634 1401 998 892 1890 695 764 1459 765 794 1559 822 833 1655 806 916 1722 610 600 1210 801 800 1601 648 681 1329 655 711 1366 734 752 1486 730 802 1532 Syangja 680 541 1221 228 441 669 374 378 752 377 430 807 382 404 786 445 457 902 503 523 1026 387 394 781 352 373 725 374 397 771 414 427 841 418 439 857 Terai 2870 2389 5259 4068 4237 8305 4100 3245 7345 3467 3236 6703 2593 3050 5643 2723 3067 5790 2315 2451 4766 3557 4280 7837 4032 4062 8094 3326 3232 6558 2696 2963 5659 2704 3101 5805 Sarlahi 579 619 1198 1910 1229 3139 1660 1124 2784 1401 1256 2657 899 989 1888 901 1046 1947 563 621 1184 1358 1699 3057 1288 1395 2683 1389 1191 2580 838 953 1791 867 937 1804 Rautahat 415 399 814 1059 1510 2569 1120 1028 2148 1167 789 1956 746 881 1627 896 773 1669 518 463 981 998 1251 2249 1551 1479 3030 975 873 1848 806 813 1619 805 864 1669 Rupandehi 1876 1371 3247 1099 1498 2597 1320 1093 2413 899 1191 2090 948 1180 2128 926 1248 2174 1234 1367 2601 1201 1330 2531 1193 1188 2381 962 1168 2130 1052 1197 2249 1032 1300 2332 Valley 1997 1364 3361 885 881 1766 812 864 1676 934 915 1849 967 1033 2000 952 1075 2027 1259 1227 2486 866 753 1619 753 751 1504 777 798 1575 967 879 1846 849 945 1794 Kathmandu 1490 865 2355 593 617 1210 551 582 1133 645 608 1253 667 702 1369 637 732 1369 777 771 1548 591 517 1108 501 499 1000 520 518 1038 593 595 1188 545 641 1186 Lalitpur 507 499 1006 292 264 556 261 282 543 289 307 596 300 331 631 315 343 658 482 456 938 275 236 511 252 252 504 257 280 537 374 284 658 304 304 608 Total 10038 8654 18692 11698 11834 23532 9925 9382 19307 9443 9601 19044 8714 9522 18236 8952 9973 18925 15417 8313 23730 10132 11184 21316 9451 9705 19156 8794 9118 17912 8509 9092 17601 8373 9565 17938 Appendix 7b: Observation of total students in one day versus observation of total students in 10 days (Institutional schools) Observed in the Classroom 10 day average student attendance Ecological ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 ECD/PPC G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 23 13 36 1 2 3 3 8 11 7 0 7 3 0 3 5 1 6 22 12 34 1 2 3 3 7 10 6 0 6 4 0 4 5 1 6 Darchula 15 6 21 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 6 21 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 8 7 15 0 0 0 2 6 8 6 0 6 3 0 3 5 1 6 7 6 13 0 0 0 2 5 7 5 0 5 4 0 4 5 1 6 Hill 947 670 1617 262 218 480 245 192 437 230 158 388 194 160 354 184 153 337 873 620 1493 279 223 502 256 181 437 227 149 376 186 155 341 165 142 307 Dadeldhura 65 40 105 24 16 40 18 7 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69 42 111 26 15 41 20 6 26 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 115 87 202 31 25 56 18 18 36 28 23 51 17 12 29 16 9 25 112 84 196 32 27 59 24 19 43 24 21 45 19 10 29 10 10 20 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 260 199 459 100 75 175 89 77 166 98 68 166 83 64 147 88 79 167 187 149 336 111 77 188 83 75 158 96 65 161 80 63 143 82 75 157 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 130 87 217 23 21 44 22 14 36 15 11 26 22 20 42 24 8 32 141 91 232 32 19 51 23 14 37 26 13 39 24 21 45 23 9 32 Ramechhap 36 45 81 13 17 30 17 13 30 14 13 27 6 11 17 11 11 22 36 45 81 13 17 30 17 13 30 14 11 25 6 11 17 11 11 22 Surkhet 158 105 263 29 23 52 30 27 57 27 8 35 14 16 30 11 8 19 158 105 263 28 21 49 43 24 67 25 7 32 13 15 28 10 6 16 Syangja 183 107 290 42 41 83 51 36 87 48 35 83 52 37 89 34 38 72 170 104 274 37 47 84 46 30 76 42 32 74 44 35 79 29 31 60 Terai 1336 813 2149 424 296 720 421 297 718 412 290 702 360 259 619 399 244 643 1289 878 2167 437 280 717 402 276 678 385 258 643 346 253 599 373 258 631 Sarlahi 141 95 236 75 52 127 94 50 144 68 54 122 65 41 106 89 46 135 189 137 326 100 66 166 89 56 145 92 59 151 76 45 121 90 58 148 Rautahat 52 29 81 24 2 26 7 9 16 13 6 19 11 1 12 7 0 7 49 41 90 20 2 22 7 7 14 10 7 17 10 2 12 8 9 17 Rupandehi 1143 689 1832 325 242 567 320 238 558 331 230 561 284 217 501 303 198 501 1051 700 1751 317 212 529 306 213 519 283 192 475 260 206 466 275 191 466 Valley 2467 2037 4504 806 687 1493 742 613 1355 742 627 1369 616 560 1176 741 603 1344 2414 1960 4374 763 682 1445 752 610 1362 717 593 1310 607 553 1160 721 573 1294 Kathmandu 2072 1717 3789 704 581 1285 634 522 1156 633 544 1177 543 482 1025 676 523 1199 2017 1639 3656 667 583 1250 596 530 1126 616 512 1128 518 483 1001 651 500 1151 Lalitpur 395 320 715 102 106 208 108 91 199 109 83 192 73 78 151 65 80 145 397 321 718 96 99 195 156 80 236 101 81 182 89 70 159 70 73 143 Total 4773 3533 8306 1493 1203 2696 1411 1110 2521 1391 1075 2466 1173 979 2152 1329 1001 2330 4598 3470 8068 1480 1187 2667 1413 1074 2487 1335 1000 2335 1143 961 2104 1264 974 2238 Appendix 7c: Observation of total students in one day versus observation of total students in 10 days (Community schools) Observed in the classroom 10 day average student attendance Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 625 824 1449 549 642 1191 533 634 1167 448 426 874 293 265 558 104 138 242 44 75 119 632 810 1442 545 630 1175 522 630 1152 412 428 840 303 285 588 104 144 248 42 59 101 Darchula 359 460 819 332 359 691 330 366 696 291 258 549 235 224 459 64 103 167 30 50 80 347 445 792 322 354 676 307 364 671 271 270 541 243 232 475 75 114 189 29 36 65 Solukhumbu 266 364 630 217 283 500 203 268 471 157 168 325 58 41 99 40 35 75 14 25 39 285 365 650 223 276 499 215 266 481 141 158 299 60 53 113 29 30 59 13 23 36 Hill 4401 4939 9340 4305 5217 9522 4469 5407 9876 4007 4695 8702 1982 2400 4382 978 1495 2473 604 896 1500 4270 4839 9109 4171 4813 8984 4607 5427 10034 3981 4516 8498 2455 3262 5717 883 1191 2074 353 644 997 Dadeldhura 370 451 821 360 428 788 336 428 764 259 349 608 219 283 502 56 141 197 20 26 46 392 445 837 369 433 802 338 421 759 295 357 652 251 291 542 88 162 250 45 55 100 Gorkha 623 727 1350 607 756 1363 616 713 1329 557 655 1212 432 454 886 145 147 292 77 135 212 621 707 1328 617 696 1313 1035 933 1968 592 672 1264 590 1161 1751 114 83 197 35 53 88 Jajarkot 452 445 897 411 516 927 461 482 943 367 395 762 284 349 633 124 155 279 137 161 298 393 430 823 384 413 797 376 435 811 310 342 653 239 310 549 62 95 157 7 61 68 Kavrepalanchowk 574 669 1243 562 745 1307 549 778 1327 554 639 1193 170 247 417 43 83 126 18 43 61 516 605 1121 499 652 1151 502 710 1212 557 634 1191 208 253 461 47 23 70 7 59 66 Okhaldhunga 258 267 525 276 318 594 270 300 570 268 375 643 125 175 300 98 148 246 86 107 193 251 270 521 266 296 562 268 295 563 276 352 628 208 194 402 103 74 177 30 21 51 Pyuthan 462 539 1001 406 576 982 397 526 923 356 545 901 220 254 474 166 300 466 103 165 268 461 553 1014 404 556 960 362 540 902 363 543 906 222 267 489 151 294 445 87 158 245 Ramechhap 341 392 733 352 413 765 345 435 780 288 394 682 211 234 445 83 136 219 46 86 132 327 358 685 315 371 686 325 410 735 287 390 677 228 275 503 66 112 178 45 78 123 Surkhet 919 950 1869 866 962 1828 995 1213 2208 919 888 1807 77 118 195 112 160 272 42 33 75 894 934 1828 867 911 1778 928 1116 2044 856 782 1638 181 181 362 107 157 264 32 29 61 Syangja 402 499 901 465 503 968 500 532 1032 439 455 894 244 286 530 151 225 376 75 140 215 415 537 952 450 485 935 473 567 1040 445 444 889 328 330 658 145 191 336 65 130 195 Terai 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 1720 Sarlahi 455 522 977 414 456 870 437 561 998 323 446 769 128 151 279 51 57 108 14 25 39 493 572 1065 449 502 951 489 555 1044 404 442 846 164 168 332 53 67 120 18 30 48 Rautahat 230 296 526 238 261 499 294 282 576 275 283 558 19 0 19 33 50 83 35 58 93 304 314 618 275 295 570 325 326 651 259 306 565 104 60 164 0 21 21 0 0 0 Rupandehi 1035 1200 2235 1105 1178 2283 1293 1343 2636 1191 1225 2416 892 981 1873 759 608 1367 583 393 976 1085 1194 2279 1155 1217 2372 1244 1346 2590 1219 1281 2500 956 1023 1979 1090 876 1966 830 559 1389 Valley 1022 1070 2092 979 1135 2114 1033 1175 2208 872 1024 1896 400 495 895 275 201 476 118 172 290 1190 1029 2219 879 1030 1909 911 1114 2025 1118 1043 2161 437 475 912 177 194 371 119 203 322 Kathmandu 667 810 1477 651 794 1445 668 840 1508 603 722 1325 356 436 792 205 138 343 74 121 195 874 725 1599 574 695 1269 598 745 1343 785 705 1490 346 358 704 122 115 237 71 129 200 Lalitpur 355 260 615 328 341 669 365 335 700 269 302 571 44 59 103 70 63 133 44 51 95 316 304 620 305 335 640 313 369 682 333 338 671 91 117 208 55 79 134 48 74 122 Total 7768 8553 14601 7553 8714 14547 7755 8936 14971 7047 7865 13192 4395 4880 7555 3077 3554 4911 2486 2863 3629 7812 8398 14490 7315 8193 13788 7760 8891 14931 7231 7707 13219 4915 5742 8937 2884 3249 4413 2234 2626 3140 Appendix 7d: Observation of total students in one day versus observation of total students in 10 days (Institutional schools) Observed in the classroom 10 day average student attendance Ecological G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Belts/Districts B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T B G T Mountain 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Darchula 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 183 120 303 157 139 296 132 105 237 114 78 192 63 58 121 37 79 116 49 52 101 183 122 305 157 130 287 129 89 218 113 98 211 104 91 195 25 43 68 37 35 72 Dadeldhura 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 17 14 31 17 11 28 13 13 26 10 6 16 15 7 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 15 31 19 8 27 12 13 25 9 5 14 14 7 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 88 59 147 87 91 178 85 70 155 84 54 138 48 51 99 37 79 116 49 52 101 86 61 147 85 87 172 85 54 139 84 77 161 69 74 143 25 43 68 37 35 72 Okhaldhunga 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 9 6 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 6 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 12 7 19 9 13 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 7 20 9 13 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 12 10 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 9 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Syangja 45 24 69 44 24 68 34 22 56 20 18 38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 43 24 67 44 22 66 32 22 54 20 16 36 21 10 31 0 0 0 0 0 0 Terai 365 274 639 348 242 590 346 217 563 334 215 549 249 155 404 175 138 313 235 153 388 362 276 638 351 234 585 336 187 523 258 192 450 284 203 487 299 244 543 250 211 461 Sarlahi 69 53 122 93 53 146 104 51 155 109 43 152 69 34 103 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 60 138 96 54 150 109 45 154 54 27 81 38 25 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 6 0 6 3 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4 9 2 1 3 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rupandehi 290 221 511 252 188 440 242 166 408 225 172 397 180 121 301 175 138 313 235 153 388 279 212 491 253 179 432 226 142 368 204 165 369 246 178 424 299 244 543 250 211 461 Valley 668 575 1243 645 466 1111 584 508 1092 594 502 1096 380 349 729 83 74 157 73 65 138 658 571 1229 637 482 1119 579 521 1100 556 488 1044 411 367 778 92 79 171 73 62 135 Kathmandu 621 517 1138 583 425 1008 531 450 981 549 454 1003 361 333 694 83 74 157 73 65 138 593 501 1094 566 428 994 529 461 990 516 436 952 373 334 707 83 72 155 73 62 135 Lalitpur 47 58 105 62 41 103 53 58 111 45 48 93 19 16 35 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 70 135 71 54 125 50 60 110 40 52 92 38 33 71 9 7 16 0 0 0 Total 1217 971 2188 1150 847 1997 1062 830 1892 1042 795 1837 692 562 1254 295 291 586 357 270 627 1204 971 2175 1145 846 1991 1044 797 1841 927 778 1705 799 661 1460 416 366 782 360 308 668 Appendix 8: Distribution of textbooks Textbook Receipient Ecological G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 Belts/Districts 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh 15 Baisakh End of Baisakh Mountain 1967 1624 1439 1066 1399 1037 1436 1099 1507 1082 1429 1106 1255 990 1211 935 948 760 774 638 Darchula 1280 1356 861 900 857 831 887 914 917 903 828 894 819 827 795 799 673 693 582 584 Solukhumbu 687 268 578 166 542 206 549 185 590 179 601 212 436 163 416 136 275 67 192 54 Hill 12196 2674 9400 1880 9592 1835 9590 2003 9723 1905 8751 2318 8676 2428 8652 2584 6940 2740 6086 2102 Dadeldhura 919 35 745 27 777 23 832 65 817 16 903 40 821 105 746 45 582 121 458 127 Gorkha 1054 268 925 199 963 183 1126 263 1176 184 1219 196 1160 251 1214 226 1076 237 923 208 Jajarkot 2631 573 1619 240 1483 280 1335 235 1325 205 1027 253 989 268 1077 257 872 193 761 212 Kavrepalanchowk 1748 281 1412 202 1440 210 1427 218 1624 246 1325 354 1413 432 1409 480 1056 496 895 196 Okhaldhunga 758 278 592 225 595 216 646 197 646 196 538 205 540 219 598 183 625 132 586 123 Pyuthan 1483 580 1250 433 1273 377 1250 391 1152 371 878 434 839 300 695 263 612 410 487 223 Ramechhap 1065 153 820 126 875 118 868 109 870 123 734 172 778 170 758 223 700 157 667 141 Surkhet 1687 348 1326 282 1427 283 1374 313 1289 288 1367 372 1344 385 1537 540 921 662 831 545 Syangja 851 158 711 146 759 145 732 212 824 276 760 292 792 298 618 367 496 332 478 327 Terai 3981 2368 3555 1237 3459 1373 3153 1024 3328 988 2603 1473 2716 1166 2789 1436 2312 1323 1791 982 Sarlahi 1754 1366 1591 500 1566 546 1112 315 1394 346 1039 775 995 256 974 596 723 489 597 476 Rautahat 595 588 490 524 410 383 395 321 306 323 243 256 282 286 404 238 259 239 47 110 Rupandehi 1632 414 1474 213 1483 444 1646 388 1628 319 1321 442 1439 624 1411 602 1330 595 1147 396 Valley 1379 623 1203 582 1221 615 1255 626 1277 700 1207 737 1215 750 1234 657 1142 455 591 309 Kathmandu 759 496 659 427 677 441 739 471 726 516 719 550 733 526 764 492 680 258 453 259 Lalitpur 620 127 544 155 544 174 516 155 551 184 488 187 482 224 470 165 462 197 138 50 Total 19523 7289 15597 4765 15671 4860 15434 4752 15835 4675 13990 5634 13862 5334 13886 5612 11342 5278 9242 4031 Appendix 9a: Regularity of ECD/PPC facilitators in schools Total In Classroom Outside Classroom Ecological Belts/Districts Facilitators Male Female Male Female Mountain 126 14 100 2 10 Darchula 71 6 60 1 4 Solukhumbu 55 8 40 1 6 Hill 740 62 587 11 80 Dadeldhura 40 3 35 0 2 Gorkha 82 9 59 2 12 Jajarkot 77 5 58 3 11 Kavrepalanchowk 124 8 102 3 11 Okhaldhunga 56 1 48 0 7 Pyuthan 54 3 44 0 7 Ramechhap 78 6 65 0 7 Surkhet 108 15 83 0 10 Syangja 121 12 93 3 13 Terai 279 22 231 3 23 Sarlahi 84 2 76 0 6 Rautahat 58 3 50 0 5 Rupandehi 137 17 105 3 12 Valley 147 5 129 1 12 Kathmandu 98 1 89 1 7 Lalitpur 49 4 40 0 5 Total 1292 103 1047 17 125 Appendix 9b: Regularity of lower basic level teachers in schools Ecological In Classroom Outside Classroom In Classroom Outside Classroom Belts/Districts Teachers Male Female Male Female Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Mountain 540 269 188 59 24 216 118 47 3 65 0 0 41 19 5 1 13 1 1 Darchula 276 147 91 30 8 136 55 20 0 27 0 0 22 9 1 0 6 0 0 Solukhumbu 264 122 97 29 16 80 63 27 3 38 0 0 19 10 4 1 7 1 1 Hill 3782 1868 1421 305 188 1417 773 403 43 526 4 7 232 110 70 10 56 3 2 Dadeldhura 252 145 88 12 7 108 53 33 0 32 0 0 6 4 4 0 4 0 1 Gorkha 528 276 200 28 24 241 140 32 0 54 0 0 27 13 7 0 4 0 0 Jajarkot 310 159 71 57 23 72 36 51 27 34 1 0 37 13 16 7 6 1 0 Kavrepalanchowk 616 316 213 56 31 222 106 60 4 99 3 4 44 14 13 0 10 2 0 Okhaldhunga 337 166 129 23 19 121 70 46 1 35 0 1 17 15 7 0 2 0 0 Pyuthan 360 177 144 23 16 133 53 42 3 86 0 0 16 7 9 1 6 0 0 Ramechhap 354 146 163 32 13 108 56 66 3 59 0 0 21 5 10 0 8 0 0 Surkhet 460 233 162 33 32 180 88 56 2 62 0 1 27 21 3 2 9 0 1 Syangja 565 250 251 41 23 232 171 17 3 65 0 1 37 18 1 0 7 0 0 Terai 1367 702 519 84 62 571 178 236 52 129 1 5 62 27 31 8 16 0 0 Sarlahi 373 215 111 20 27 156 43 80 22 20 0 2 18 8 12 2 7 0 0 Rautahat 357 171 127 38 21 144 41 74 9 20 1 0 26 12 15 3 2 0 0 Rupandehi 637 316 281 26 14 271 94 82 21 89 0 3 18 7 4 3 7 0 0 Valley 717 318 339 34 26 372 180 44 1 49 4 1 26 24 4 2 3 1 0 Kathmandu 491 196 255 21 19 258 112 33 1 38 3 1 19 15 1 2 3 0 0 Lalitpur 226 122 84 13 7 114 68 11 0 11 1 0 7 9 3 0 0 1 0 Total 6406 3157 2467 482 300 2576 1249 730 99 769 9 13 361 180 110 21 88 5 3 Appendix 9c: Regularity of upper basic level teachers in schools Ecological In Classroom Outside Classroom In Classroom Outside Classroom Belts/Districts Teachers Male Female Male Female Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Mountain 198 131 37 24 6 28 26 36 3 72 0 0 7 8 9 0 4 0 1 Darchula 113 77 23 10 3 18 9 25 1 47 0 0 3 1 5 0 3 0 1 Solukhumbu 85 54 14 14 3 10 17 11 2 25 0 0 4 7 4 0 1 0 0 Hill 1227 762 245 129 26 326 186 244 44 261 1 1 42 28 40 4 38 0 1 Dadeldhura 109 91 6 11 1 32 20 16 1 26 0 1 3 4 4 0 1 0 0 Gorkha 152 102 33 14 3 54 31 24 0 23 0 0 2 4 5 0 6 0 0 Jajarkot 134 46 19 23 2 18 11 17 20 42 0 0 5 3 3 1 12 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 202 90 62 22 7 29 26 65 10 40 1 0 7 3 10 2 5 0 1 Okhaldhunga 80 53 14 12 1 33 10 17 3 4 0 0 5 2 3 0 3 0 0 Pyuthan 78 66 7 5 0 21 6 22 3 21 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 125 78 33 11 3 23 19 37 4 26 0 0 3 0 7 0 4 0 0 Surkhet 190 129 40 17 4 59 19 28 3 60 0 0 6 2 5 1 7 0 0 Syangja 157 107 31 14 5 57 44 18 0 19 0 0 8 8 3 0 0 0 0 Terai 424 286 103 23 12 144 53 67 25 95 0 0 13 4 6 4 8 0 0 Sarlahi 104 87 10 4 3 43 8 27 7 12 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 0 0 Rautahat 59 40 8 9 2 29 7 4 1 5 0 0 7 0 1 3 0 0 0 Rupandehi 261 159 85 10 7 72 38 36 17 78 0 0 4 2 5 1 5 0 0 Valley 364 194 148 15 7 147 98 50 1 42 0 1 7 6 1 0 8 0 0 Kathmandu 289 149 123 11 6 113 82 41 1 33 0 0 4 5 1 0 7 0 0 Lalitpur 75 45 25 4 1 34 16 9 0 9 0 1 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 Total 2213 1373 533 191 51 645 363 397 73 470 1 2 69 46 56 8 58 0 2 Appendix 9d: Regularity of secondary level teachers in schools Ecological In Classroom Outside Classroom In Classroom Outside Classroom Belts/Districts Teachers Male Female Male Female Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Mountain 109 85 10 14 0 20 16 32 3 23 0 1 2 2 7 0 3 0 0 Darchula 60 46 6 8 0 8 6 21 2 14 0 1 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 Solukhumbu 49 39 4 6 0 12 10 11 1 9 0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 Hill 738 552 85 94 7 284 126 134 18 60 3 8 42 17 26 2 8 2 2 Dadeldhura 47 39 2 6 0 21 5 10 2 3 0 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 1 Gorkha 131 104 16 10 1 57 27 24 0 12 0 0 7 2 2 0 0 0 0 Jajarkot 39 32 1 6 0 10 4 6 4 7 0 2 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 133 89 22 19 3 43 16 32 7 10 2 0 9 3 5 2 2 0 0 Okhaldhunga 70 54 2 14 0 17 14 21 0 0 1 1 5 3 3 0 2 0 0 Pyuthan 54 44 4 6 0 27 7 4 2 7 0 1 2 1 0 0 2 1 0 Ramechhap 67 46 8 11 2 11 20 10 2 7 0 3 7 1 5 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 97 78 11 8 0 47 15 16 1 9 0 1 4 1 1 0 1 0 1 Syangja 100 66 19 14 1 51 18 11 0 5 0 0 5 5 4 0 0 1 0 Terai 283 219 30 30 4 109 24 57 13 45 0 0 16 2 9 0 7 0 0 Sarlahi 65 50 5 10 0 23 7 13 3 9 0 0 4 0 5 0 1 0 0 Rautahat 67 45 6 12 4 24 12 5 3 7 0 0 11 2 1 0 2 0 0 Rupandehi 151 124 19 8 0 62 5 39 7 29 0 0 1 0 3 0 4 0 0 Valley 307 225 62 17 3 125 67 62 2 31 0 0 3 13 1 0 3 0 0 Kathmandu 241 172 51 15 3 94 56 45 0 28 0 0 3 11 1 0 3 0 0 Lalitpur 66 53 11 2 0 31 11 17 2 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 Total 1437 1081 187 155 14 538 233 285 36 159 3 9 63 34 43 2 21 2 2 Appendix 9e: Regularity of upper secondary level teachers in schools Ecological In Classroom Outside Classroom In Classroom Outside Classroom Belts/Districts Teachers Male Female Male Female Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Perm Temp Rahat PCF Pri. Sources Perm Leon Temp Leon Mountain 14 12 0 2 0 0 3 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 Darchula 11 9 0 2 0 0 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 Solukhumbu 3 3 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hill 226 170 27 26 3 15 118 28 4 28 0 2 2 16 8 1 2 0 0 Dadeldhura 28 21 3 4 0 10 11 1 0 2 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 Gorkha 28 19 5 3 1 1 13 5 0 4 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 Jajarkot 20 15 2 3 0 0 9 4 3 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 Kavrepalanchowk 34 27 3 4 0 2 22 4 0 0 0 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 Okhaldhunga 12 9 0 2 1 0 3 4 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 Pyuthan 24 18 5 1 0 0 12 0 0 11 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Ramechhap 22 18 0 3 1 1 15 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 Surkhet 24 19 3 2 0 0 11 3 0 8 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 Syangja 34 24 6 4 0 1 22 5 1 1 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 Terai 118 91 21 5 1 20 13 6 5 68 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 0 Sarlahi 14 12 1 1 0 0 2 3 2 6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Rautahat 21 15 1 4 1 3 3 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 Rupandehi 83 64 19 0 0 17 8 3 3 52 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Valley 109 76 32 1 0 11 15 6 2 68 0 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Kathmandu 96 66 29 1 0 10 10 5 1 68 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Lalitpur 13 10 3 0 0 1 5 1 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total 467 349 80 34 4 46 149 48 11 165 0 8 2 17 10 1 8 0 0 Appendix 10: Distribution of textbooks (responses from students) Textbook Receipient Ecological G8 G9 G10 Belts/Districts Full Sets Partial Sets Full Sets Partial Sets Full Sets Partial Sets Mountain 50 11 67 15 56 5 Darchula 20 31 27 Solukhumbu 30 11 36 15 29 5 Hill 362 90 597 113 549 87 Dadeldhura 36 60 46 Gorkha 12 1 32 1 8 Jajarkot 31 4 52 9 48 7 Kavrepalanchowk 38 10 57 18 61 7 Okhaldhunga 49 19 67 17 81 10 Pyuthan 61 31 123 45 98 32 Ramechhap 39 65 68 Surkhet 54 9 89 2 77 Syangja 42 16 52 21 62 31 Terai 145 94 230 147 195 81 Sarlahi 61 52 86 89 80 64 Rautahat 10 19 13 22 Rupandehi 74 23 131 36 115 17 Valley 89 3 103 4 106 1 Kathmandu 50 3 57 4 53 1 Lalitpur 39 46 53 Total 646 198 997 279 906 174