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TapeTape Recording December 1966 VolVol 8 No 55 2/62 6

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www.americanradiohistory.com _ _ Editor: F. C. Judd.Judd, A.lnstE.A.Inst.E. AssistantAssistant Editor;Editor: ■ .. MolraMoira Shlppard.Shippard. AdvortisomentAdvertisement Director: MW0 Lindsay Masters. Advertisement Manager;Manager: # m K M ■ ■ MmJII ■y E. MeKeown.McKeown. Circulation Manager: DavidDavid ^■iAI I U JB Hughes. Editorial, Advertising andand M Ml ■ Subscriptions: Amateur TapeTape Recording, Amateur_ HaymarketHaymarket PressPress Ltd, 09 Harrow Road, London ■■ W2,W2, AmbassadorAmbassador 3200.3200. AmateurAmateur TapeTape Re-Re- cording is published by Haymarket Press Ltd. © 1968 Printed by The Sidney Press Ltd, ■Isir^A Hor^orflinnMM K ■■■ Bm. M ^Bedford. Title registeredregisteredwcyp at Stationers'Hall.Stationers'™"'« Half. | B^^ Subscription Rates throughoutthroughout thethe worldworld 30s. Tape[§ Recording postpost paid for twelvetwelve issues.issues.

Vol8Vo18 Numbers DecemberDecember1966 1966

Feature Author PagaPage

GeluidsslipjachtGeluidsslipJacht 1966 F.F. C. JuddJudd 8

What*sWhat's Happened toto Video Tape Recording?Recording? Gordon J. King 10

On Test - The Sony TCV2000 VideocorderVideocorder Peter Knight 13

Sound Scene Looks at MiqfophonesMicfophones ATR 18

Microphones forfor Tape RecordingRecording ATR 23

Microphone Directory ATR 2424

Tape Recorders Inin the making - Tandberg F. C. Judd 28

Tape Club NewsNews Kim Cook 31

On TestTest- - The Telefunken 204E204E Peter Knight 32

Things You Say ATR ReadersReaders 34

ATR Hi-FiHi-Fi Section

Test ReportReport -- The BeogramGeogram 10001000 Peter Knight 37

Mike Howell LooksLooks backback at AudioAudio Mike HowellHowell 40

Audioview ATR 41

Tape Record ReviewsReviews Russ Allen 42

EDITORIAL COMMENT It isis a fewfew weeks yet toto Christmas, but as this enthusiasm inin thisthis country.country. Could wewe get thethe while, even toto thosethose with extra-deepextra -deep pockets?pockets? is our December issue, and incidentally,incidentally, thethe BBC and aa dailydaily nationalnational newspaper toto co-co- The honest answeranswer isis 'no','no', butbut we feel that seventh inin my associationassociation with ATR, may I taketake operate inin an organized sound hunthunt inin LondonLondon? ? Sony have made a very good attempt toto seachleach this opportunity of wishing you allall a happyhappy The tape recordingrecording enthusiasts inin Holland havehave the amateur.amateur. If you dodo happenhappen to have that Christmas. SpecialSpecial greetings also andand 'mi/n'mijn beste an eight-minuteeight- minute programme on Radio Hilver- extraextra-deep -deep pocket then turn to pagepage 1313 andand wensen' to my newly made friendsfriends inin Holland, sum everyevery weeklweek! What about it,it, BBC?BBC? read the "On'On Test'Test' report and reviewreview on thethe some of whom are featuredfeatured in thisthis issueissue of ATR Sony VideocorderVideocorder by Peter Knight. FCT and whowho tooktook part inin thethe NVG Geluidsslipjacht Video Recording on 11 October (see(see page 8).8). You may remember This month we taketake another looklook at video FRONT COVER that inin a recentrecent Editorial CommentComment II saidsaid II tape recordingrecording inin a survey which asksasks thethe was going toto Holland toto take part inin thisthis 'sound'sound question 'What's'What's happened to videovideo tapetape ATR visits Tandberg hunt".hunt'. Well,Well, fromfrom thethe wordword 'go''go' itit waswas an recordingrecording?' ?' Perhaps this should havehave been The picture at upperupper leftleft shows thethe latest unqualified successsuccess andand I mean just that. 'What's happened toto video tapetape recordingrecording for Tandberg ModelModel 12 stereophonic tape recorder Nearly a hundred enthusiastic members of the amateur?'amateur?' Equipment costing aroundaround with twin 10I0 watt output stages.stages. the NVG (Dutch(Dutch NationalNational Sound and Photo- £2,000 is allall veryvery wellwell forfor professional pur- Upper right: thethe Tandberg 'Factory'Factory inin aa Gar-Gar- graphic Society) assembledassembled in Amsterdam forfor poses and fullfull credit must be given toto thethe den".den'. this specialspecial soundsound recordingrecording and photography manufacturers for producingproducing it.it. On thethe other Lower left: the beautifulbeautiful ornamental gardensgardens day. WhatWhat isis more, they had thethe fullfull co-opera-co- opera- hand, cancan wewe regardregard eveneven the newnew SonySony where TandbergTandberg employeesemployees can relaxrelax during tion of the Dutch Radio (Hilversum 2) andand a TCV2000 which sells atat justjust under £500, lunch breaks.breaks. Dutch national newspaper, HelHet Paroot.Parool. including cameracamera and TV displaydisplay screen, as Lower right:right: thisthis wall mural in thethe entranceentrance I must say I have yet toto seesee the samesame kind of being within a price rangerange attractive andand worth- toto thethe factory symbolizessymbolizes craftsmanship.craftsmanship. 7

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The EditorEditor goes soundsound hunting in HollandHolland /

For me thisthis waswas a soundsound hunt which beganbegan atat cafecafé had been hired for the day. Here an Southend Airport onon a British United Airways exhibition of NVG tapetape recording and photo- Carvair andand lastedlasted until thethe end of thethe returnreturn graphic activityactivity hadhad been arranged, and this journeyjourney by air from Rotterdam. ForFor nearlynearly was where thethe soundsound hunters would finallyfinally a hundred Dutch tape recording enthusiasts, assemble again during thethe afternoonafternoon to editedit r, all members of thethe Nederlandse VereniglngVereniging voorvoor and listenlisten toto theirtheir tapes. One by oneone theythey GeluidGeluid-en -en BeeldregislralieBeeldregistratie (Netherlands(Netherlands Society returned andand byby mid-afternoonmid -afternoon editing was for Sound andand Photography), thethe searchsearch forfor well and trulytruly in progress.progress. All tapestapes submitted sounds began on Saturday, 11 October, at for prize winning werewere to bebe judged during 9.30 atat thethe offices of a Dutch national news-news- thethe early partpart ofof thethe evening. paper, He!Het Parool. II left themthem allall andand went off toto do a little soundsound hunting of my own, and therethere was certainly Recording Assignments plenty toto record.record. Amsterdam on a Saturday is By 10 am everyone was seatedseated inin the huge a sound hunter's paradise. Everything seemed newspaper office canteen drinking coffeecoffee and toto be going on at onceonce - parades, street talking, rather quietly II thoughtthought atat the time.time. organs, thethe town band, chiming clocks, popular I was soon to discover why. At about 10.15 tunestunes issuing fromfrom bell towers, the trams, the music from a radio receiver,receiver, tuned toto the Rondvaart boats on thethe canals and the market Hilversum 2 programme,programme, was interruptedinterrupted by places. The whole citycity was alivealive with people an announcement concerning the geluidsslip- and sounds. I alsoalso had special permission toto jacht (sound hunt). ImmediatelyImmediately all conver- record and photograph thethe Netherlands Rail- sation ceasedceased and nearly a hundred portableportable ways. tape recordersrecorders were switchedswitched on to recordrecord the In thethe evening I relumedreturned to thethe Frascati Hall special programme. TheThe announcements in- where lectures and films about tape recordingrecording cluded a special welcome to myself and three were inin progress. Towards the end of thethe other enthusiasts, two from Belgium andand one evening the prizewinningprizewinning tapes were played 1 from Germany. Then came the recording and thethe prizes distributed. I must say somesome assignments for the NVG members. ForFor the really hardhard work and a lotlot of enthusiasm had contest part of the soundsound hunt they had toto go gone into thethe whole project, which had resulted flight to Rotterdam (tape recorder Uher 4000 out and aboutabout inin AmsterdamAmsterdam and interviewinterview a in some excellent recordings.recordings. Report L with Sennheiser microphone type market or storesstores salesman, a typicaltypical Amsterdam The photographs accompanying this report MD421MD42I HN). taxi-taxi-driver driver and a single child or group of will, I hope, give somesome ideaidea of sound hunting 2. Recording the trainstrains at Rotterdam Central children. They also had toto collectcollect soundssounds in Holland. The British United Airways flight Station. from a newspaper office,office, thethe Netherlands rail- from SouthendSouthend toto RotterdamRotterdam takestakes only an 3. NVG members book inin for the sound hunt ways andand to record music in the streets.streets. There hour andand hotels in Holland are not expensive. at the HetHe! Parool newspaper office. was provision for one 'free'`free' recording, i.e.,i.e., The highlyhighly efficient Netherlands railway will 4. NVG members pose for a newspaper any subject.subject. For myself therethere was a special speedily convey you inin comfort to Amsterdam, photo before going off on thethe recording assignment - to proceed toto Amsterdam CentralCentral which, as mentioned before, isis a paradise of assignments. Railway Station, which entailedentailed another hair-hair - sound. This is especially truetrue at weekends, when 5. A member fromfrom Germany records some raising carcar rideride through thethe busy streets. you can alsoalso sample the night life in the tram sounds.sounds. He also won first prize for the Within minutes of arriving I was interviewedinterviewed Leidseplein areaarea justjust southsouth of Central Station. best recording of the day. by aa reporter from the Netherlands Radio, If you require permission to film or record 6. The towntown band plays in front of the Royal and half an hour laterlater the interviewinterview was Netherlands Railways you have only to write Palace every Saturday. broadcast from Hilversum 2 Radio. So, de- to thethe Railway Publicity Office, Netherlands 7. ATR editor F. C. Judd is interviewedinterviewed by termined to get a recording of it, I doubleddoubled Railways, Utrecht, Holland. Joe Smidt (left), radio reporter from Hilversum back to my hotel, where fortunately the Hilver- Next month we go to Paris `on'on a shoestring' 2 Dutch Radio. Note thethe popularity of SennSenn- - sum 2 programme was included on thethe hotel via the BUA Silver Arrow plane and train heiser MD421 microphones used by members room radio selector. service, which takestakes just two hours fromfrom of thethe NVG who were also recording the London Victoria Air Terminal to the Gare du interview.interview. NVG Exhibition Nord, Paris. 8. Amsterdam street organs are popular with This was by no means the end of the day forfor everyone, including tape recording enthusiasts. either the sound hunters or myself. In another Illustrations 9. The tape recorder maintenance sectionsection of part of Amsterdam, known as the Nes (Cen-(Cen- 1. My companion, ATR reader John Rateliff,Ratcliff, thethe NVG demonstrates deck mechanism 8 trum), the Frascati Hall and an adjoining interviewsinterviews the BUA air hostess before the adjustment to two visiting members.

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www.americanradiohistory.com WHAT'S HAPPENED ry- TO VIDEO TAPE

RECORDING?

Gordon J. KingKing surveyssurveys the current video tape recording situation

Fig. 1. EarlyEarly Wesgrove kit-constructedkit-constructed homehome video tape recorder.

To provideprovide the sufficientlysufficiently rapidrapid raterate of change inin signal at thethe corresponding increase inin videovideo bandwidth and signal,signal, the picture tubetube modulation electrode to createcreate a good quality picture isis likelylikely to be subjectively poorerpoorer than whenwhen composed 405-line405-line picture,picture, thethe videovideo (vision(vision or picture)picture) amplifier must be of the smaller number of lines.lines. InIn essence, thisthis is due toto thethe able toto handle without undue attenuationattenuation frequenciesfrequencies up to greater velocityvelocity of the scanning spotspot on the faceface of thethe picture 2,700,000c/s. Theoretically, ifit should also respondrespond toto dc, but tube when the number of lineslines isis increased; but we needneed notnot this isis not absolutely essential since dc restorationrestoration circuitscircuits can get tootoo technicaltechnical inin thisthis article. be employedemployed toto securesecure thisthis condition synthetically.synthetically. Neverthe-Neverthe- To satisfy fullyfully thethe horizontal definition requirementsrequirements of aa 405-405 - less, it must respondrespond down to very lowlow frequencies. This band-band- line picture, therefore, a videovideo tapetape recorderrecorder must have ampli- width influences thethe horizontal definition of thethe picture, while thethe fiers responsiveresponsive up toto at least 2,700,OOOc/s2,700,000c/s and thethe signal re- number ofof lines of the picturepicture fixes itsits vertical definition. corded on thethe tapetape must also contain components up to thisthis For a picture of optimum overalloverall definition thethe horizontal defini- high frequency.frequency. TheThe former representsrepresents no problem, butbut itit isis tion should about equal the vertical definition. As the verticalvertical in recordingrecording suchsuch high-frequencyhigh- frequency signalssignals magnetically thatthat definition isis fixedfixed byby the number ofof lineslines ofof the system as aa causes thethe head scratching. Many aa back-roomback -room engineer has whole, the balance isis attainedattained by ensuringensuring thatthat thethe fullfull videovideo gone grey inin tryingtrying toto resolve thisthis problem at a domesticdomestic level;level; bandwidth isis maintained rightright up to the picturepicture (display) tube. it has beenbeen solvedsolved at a professional level, and most of ourour The 405-line405 -line vertical definition, therefore, isis balanced horizon- 'canned''canned'television television programmes cometocome to us through the medium tally by thethe video signals extending towards 3,000,000c/s.3,000,000c /s. If the of video tape.tape. video bandwidth isis Impairedimpaired the horizontal definition willwill suffer, A highhigh quality audio tapetape systemsystem using conventional techniques but sincesince the overall definition then also tends to unbalance,unbalance, can record signals up to 1,OOOc/s1,000c /s atat a tapetape velocity of ^i ips. the picture isis subjectivelysubjectively poorer than would be thethe case ifif Thus, multiplying thethe velocityvelocity will multiply thethe top frequency, soso the horizontal and vertical definition were reduced together.together. that atat a velocity of 7^7+ ipsips the speed isis multiplied fifteenfifteen times,times, This isis not possiblepossible since the verticalvertical definition, asaswe we have seen,seen, giving a top frequency ofof 15,OOOc/s.15,000c /s. A little arithmeticarithmetic will show is fixed by thethe numbernumber ofof lines.lines. To balance thethe vertical definitiondefinition the incrediblyincredibly highhigh tape velocityvelocity needed to recordrecord up toto 2,700,0002,700,000 of a 625-line625 -line picturepicture the horizontal definition must correspond c/s on a conventional audioaudio tapetape system. ItIt worksworks out toto 1,350 to about 4,700,000c/s.4,700,000c /s. ips. A 405-line405 -line picture cancan be resolvedresolved within a video bandwidthbandwidth The foregoing revealsreveals thethe undesirability ofof operating a fixed-fixed - of 1,000,OOOc/s1,000,000c /s but the overall definition leavesleaves veryvery much to bebe line television systemsystem with a video bandwidth belowthatbelowthatrequired required desired, as may well be expected. Even a picture of thisthis lowlow for thethe best overall picture definition. Indeed,Indeed, itit impliesimplies thatthat definition would, however, callcall for a tape velocity ofof 500500 ips,ips, by increasingincreasing thethe number ofof lines withoutwithout arrangingarranging forfor a which isis still mighty fast!fast!

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Fig. 2. A more sophisticated versionversion of thethe Wesgrove videovideo tapetape Fig. 3.3. Showing thethe helical-scanninghelical- scanning systemsystem of the Philips 10i0 recorder. domestic video tape recorder.

www.americanradiohistory.com TheThe PioneersPioneers Nevertheless, so-calledso- called linear,linear, high-speedhigh -speed videovideo tapetape recordersrecorders have been evolvedevolved forfor domesticdomestic applicationsapplications atat domesticdomestic pricesprices (around(around thethe £100£100 mark)mark) but,but, alas,alas, notnot withwith aa greatgreat dealdeal ofof techni-techni- Synchr.-track$,,rc rack (T(1 mm)mm) calcal or,or, apparently,apparently, commercialcommercial success.success. OneOne ofof thethe earlyearly pio- -L neering firmsfirms createdcreated Telcan,Telcan, whichwhich waswas allall thethe ragerage inin thethe Press Video-trackV.deo -track < 2nd Half-PictureHalf- Picture < andand onon televisiontelevision aa couplecouple ofof yearsyears ago,ago, andand thisthis waswas followedfollowed 0,150.15 mm byby aa machinemachine ofof greatergreater sophistication,sophistication, butbut stillstill relyingrelying onon high,high, Video-Track i 4 linearlinear tapetape velocities,velocities, fromfrom aa firmfirm calledcalled WesgroveWesgrove ElectricsElectrics Ltd.Ltd. 1st1st Half-Picture;Half -Picture > Track spacingspacing 0.150.15 mmmm TheseThese machinesmachines were saidsaid toto bebe availableavailable atat thethe timetime either ^fQ.03(0.03 mm)mm fullyfully constructedconstructed oror inin thethe formforni ofof aa kitkit ofof parts,parts, andand twotwo versionsversions .-;soISO mmmmO-4 0 - ofof themthem areare depicteddepicted inin Figs. 11 andand 2.2. TheThe creatorscreators ofof these Sound-TrackSoundTrack 1 O earlyearly models were highlyhighly enthusiasticenthusiastic members of aa companycompany 1"1^ (25,4(25,4 mm)mm) concernedconcerned with thethe production of inexpensiveinexpensive closed-circuitclosed- circuit Z 465mm television cameracamera systems.systems. ItIt isis thisthis pioneeringpioneering spirit thatthat even-even- tuallytually leadsleads toto important,important, majormajor breakthroughs but,but, unfortun- ately, notnot alwaysalways toto thethe commercialcommercial advantageadvantage ofof thethe pioneers themselves.themselves. The WesgroveWesgrove VKR500VKR500 waswas a three-speedthree -speed modelmodel forfor 90,90, 120120 oror Fig. 4. This diagramdiagram showsshows how thethe oblique trackstracks areare recordedrecorded 150 ips andand itit waswas claimedclaimed that,that, due toto variousvarious developmentsdevelopments inin on thethe tape with thethe control oror synchronizingsynchronizing tracktrack at thethe toptop andand the soundsound tracktrack atat thethe bottom.bottom. A fullyfully interlacedinterlaced picture isis com- thethe recording system,system, signalssignals containingcontaining componentscomponents asas highhigh com- posed of twotwo fieldsfields andand each fieldfield isis recordedrecorded on one oblique as2,000,OOOc/scouldas2,000,000c /s could bebetaped. taped. A2,000.000c/svideoA2,000,000c /s video channel wouldwould track,track, thethe two adjacentadjacent trackstracks thusthus making upup a complete picture.picture. give quitequite aa fairfair picturepicture onon aa domestic televisiontelevision receiver,receiver, andand it was forfor suchsuch receivers thatthat thethe VKR500VKR500 waswas designed.designed. EvenEven so, 150 ipsips isis stillstill fastfast - too fastfast forfor domesticdomestic comfortcomfort - andand this high tapetape speedspeed presentedpresented problemsproblems inin termsterms ofof speedspeed stabilitystability Rotating and wearwear onon thethe heads.heads. Picture synchronizing was also a pro-pro - Picture synchronizing was also ® video head blem.blem and veryvery carefulcareful and delicate setting-upsetting -up was demanded.demanded. USoundSound andand In spite of all this,this, thesethese earlyearly modelsmodels gave resultsresults and repre- Synchr. head sented thethe firstfirst realreal breakthrough inin inexpensive,inexpensive, domestic Erase head video tapetape recording.recording. o Let usus now seesee how a veryvery high relativerelative tapetape velocity,velocity, achieved with a headhead scanningscanning system, isis employedemployed inin the much more expensive domestic video tapetape recorders.recorders. UntilUntil now therethere havehave been twotwo main firmsfirms producingproducing thesethese forfor salesale inin thethe UK,UK, PhilipsPhilips with Model EL3400EL3400 and Ampex with Model VR7000. These models, although labelled domestic oror semi-professional,semi -professional, cost about £900 and £1,400 respectively,respectively, without camera or monitor screen, and have muchmuch inin commoncommon with the professional video tape recorders,recorders, costingcosting many thousandsthousands of pounds.pounds. Helical-ScanningHelical- Scanning These domestic machines operate on the helical-scanninghelical- scanning Fig. 5. This diagram shows the disposition of the heads in principle, inin which thethe tapetape isis transportedtransported fromfrom thethe left-handleft -hand the Philips recorder. spool toto thethe right-handright -hand spool, via a helical loop roundround aa centre drum, insteadinstead of past the recording/playbackrecording /playback head ofof the con- ventional system.system. This tapetape traveltravel arrangement can be clearly seen inin Fig. 3, whichwhich pictures thethe Philips recorder.recorder. Since the helicalhelical path of the tape roundround the drum displaces the line of thethe tape,tape, thethe left-handleft -hand spool isis mounted a little higher than the right-handright -hand one. The tapetape isis retained in thethe helical path " * N round the drum byby guiding pins, and it is run through thethe system at a constant velocity of 7+7^ ips by aa capstan drive and pressure rollers. Now, the video recording/playbackrecording /playback head operates withinwithin the drum, and its active pole-piecespole -pieces and gap protrude through a slitslitformed formed by two halves oftheof the drum and itit thus presses againstagainst ft the oxide side of thethe tape. The video head is arranged to rotaterotate round the slit in the drum atat a velocity of 50 revolutions per second. This means that thethe oxide side of thethe tape round the drum is 'scanned''scanned' by the head, but since the tape isis itselfitself also moving round thethe drum at 7|72 ips, each rotation of the head 'scans' the tape inin the form of an equally displaced series of oblique tracks, as shown inin Fig. 4. Each obliquely recorded tracktrack is about 500mm in length, 150µm150pm in width with a 30pm301.tm spacing between each one (i.e., centre-to-centre -to- cenfrecentre distance between two adjacent tracks isis 180pm).180µm). This techniquetechnique yields an effective head-to-tapehead -to -tape velocity of over 1,000 ips (1,500 ips with the Ampex VR6000 which has a linear tapetape velocity of 15 ips),ips). thereby making it possible to record and playback signals well up to 2,500,000c2,500,000c/s, /s, representative of high-high - Fig. 6. The Akai crosscross-field -field systemsystem isis used in this recorder,recorder definition 405405-line -line video signals. continued overleaf Akai Model VX1100. IlII

www.americanradiohistory.com What's happened toto video tape recording?recording? continued fromfrom page 1111 is) However, since a seriesseries ofof trackstracks Isis recorded,recorded, tapetape economy isis preserved and, inin fact,fact, thethe PhilipsPhilips EL3400 gives the same playingplaying time perper lengthlength of tape as anyany ordinary audioaudio recorderrecorder running at 72 Ips.ips. TheThe difference lieslies inin thethe width of thethe tape,tape, which for thethe helical-scanninghelical- scanning video machines isis fourfour times wider thanthan ordinary audio tape. Fig.Fig. 4 showsshows thatthat twotwo additionaladditional trackstracks are recorded linearlylinearly along thethe extreme edgesedges ofof the tape.tape. One ofof these carriescarries the sound accompaniment inin the conventionalconventional audio manner,manner, while the second carriescarries synchronizingsynchronizing signals to 'lock''lock' thethe servo-operatedservo -operated drive motorsmotors at thethe highly constant and synchronoussynchronous speedspeed demanded forfor televisiontelevision recording andand reproduction. On thethe PhilipsPhilips machine, bothboth the tape drivedrive and thethe videovideo head drive motorsmotors areare 'speed-controlled'.'speed -controlled'. This meansmeans that,that, should Fig. 7. TheThe new Sony videovideo tapetape recorderrecorder employs a tapetape speed they tendtend toto deviate fromfrom theirtheir truetrue speed, a control potential employs of 7\7} ipsips and aa rotatingrotating head record!playbackrecord system. (or signal) is createdcreated which quickly restoresrestores accuracy. The /playback system. control potential onon recordingrecording isis derived from the field syncsync pulses ofof thethe televisiontelevision signalsignal proper,proper, andand thesethese are alsoalso re-re- four-trackfour -track audio recording, thethe tape can be turnedturned over forfor the corded on thethe control track. OnOn playback,playback, thethe reproduced pulses second half of the taped programme Inin accordance with ordinary can thusthus again bebe usedused to derive the controlcontrol potential, thereby two-tracktwo -track audio practice. The complete AkaiAka( video tapetape recorder ensuring perfect synchronism. The control tracktrack can, inin fact, Isis shownshown inIn Fig. 6,6, and thisthis delivers aa video signalsignal suitable for be considered inin the samesame light asas the perforations controllingcontrolling applying to thethe videovideo amplifier stagesstages of domestic television the speed of a cinecine filmfilm through a camera or projector. sets. While thethe limited video bandwidthbandwidth may, enon thethe faceface of It,it, A great advantage of thethe helical-scanninghelical- scanning system isis that one appearappearto to be a disadvantage, the great advantage of thethe recorder complete revolutionrevolution of thethe video headhead 'scans' one complete lies in itsIts simplicity, and it shouldshould certainly provide the en- field of picture. Thus,Thus, byby halting thethe linearlinear tape drivedrive while thusiast with many hours of enjoyment. leaving thethe video headhead rotatingrotating onon playback, aa still picture Isis A relatively inexpensiveinexpensive rotatingrotating video head system will shortly obtained of thatthat particularparticularfield, field, sincesince itit isis continuously scanned. be availableavailable in thisthis country from Sony. ItIt will cost about £600£500 Like audioaudio recorders,recorders, videovideo recorders mustmust have aa means ofof complete with monitor screenscreen and cameracamera andand tripod.tripod. It employs erasure. The helical-scanninghelical- scanning machines, therefore,therefore, havehave four {inchinch tapetape and twotwo rotatingrotating headsheads with thethe tape passing through head systems, the rotatingrotating videovideo head,head, the sound head, thethe thethe system at 7^74 ips. The heads rotaterotate at 30 revolutionsrevolutions per min- sync head (which(which maymay be commoncommon with thethe soundsound head)head) andand ute, and oneone of them recordsrecords every otherother fieldfield of thethe television the erase head. TheThe disposition of thesethese heads inin thethe PhilipsPhilips picture (it(It will be recalled that a complete televisiontelevision picture isIs machine is shownshown inin Fig. 5.5. composed of two fields, each of half the number of lines of a One more point beforebefore leavingleaving the PhilipsPhilips andand Ampex models: complete picture, with thethe lines ofof one fieldfield interlaced with thosethose the video signalssignals are not recorded inin thethe raw,raw, as itit were, onon thethe of thethe other). tape; they are causedcaused toto frequency-modulatefrequency -modulate aa carrier and itit isis this carriercarrier asas aa whole thatthat isis recordedrecorded onon thethe tape.tape. OnOn playback, Sony Bandwidth Halving System an FM detector isis usedused to restorerestore thethe 'raw''raw' videovideo signal. ThisThis On playback, both rotating heads are used inin aa clever arrange- technique avoidsavoids thethe use ofof hfhf biasbias whichwhich would bebe difficultdifficult to ment whereby thethe second head re-scansre -scans the samesame field as thethe handle inin thethe normal audioaudio manner, video-wise.video -wise. first one. This produces a picture of 405405 lineslines whichwhich appears toto Following inin Telcan's footsteps,footsteps, therethere are manufacturers produc- be fully interlaced, whereas in actual fact the picture is com- ing and developing domesticdomestic video tape equipment based on thethe posed of two fields of thethe samesame 202^2024 lines.lines. InIn otherother words, each linearlinear systemsystem of tapetape travel,travel, devoid ofof thethe complications of aa fieldfield isis reproduced twice, thereby minimizing flicker and rotating video head.head. The beginningbeginning ofof thisthis articlearticle detailed thethe picture lineline effect, while also halving thethe bandwidth require- limitations of this system, mainly inin terms ofof fantasticallyfantastically high ments. InIn this latter respect,respect, the relativerelative fape-to-headtape -to -head velocityvelocity tape velocities. However, since Telcan wentwent intointo production,production, can be halved for anan overall picture definition. ItIt will be appre- various artiflciesartificies have been evolved for recordingrecording higher and ciated from whatwhat has already been saidsaid that thethe Sony principle higher frequenciesfrequencies at nominalnominal tapetape velocities,velocities, andand some of is a compromise helical-scanninghelical -scanning system whichwhich fallsfalls more to-to- these have already reached fruition, notably the crosscross-field -field wards thethe average domestic market than, perhaps, thethe Philips system of tapetape recording. or Ampex machines. But.But, of course, for thisthis one getsgets only half the picture qualifyquality - but,but. then,then, thethe price isis alsoalso very much lower. CrossCross-field -field VideoVideo Tape Recorder The Sony system comes complete with a monitormonitor receiverreceiver This system, pioneered by Akai andand used inin somesome ofof theirtheir audioaudio which can serveserve asas an ordinary television set ifif required,required, and recorders, can recordrecord and reproduce up toto aboutabout 33,000c/s33,000c /s at which will deliver suitablesuitable off-the-alroff- the -air television andand audio a tape velocityvelocity of 1 ips.ips. Thus,Thus, byby using aa tape speed inin thethe orderorder signals for recording (Figs. 7 and 8). There is also a television of 3030 ipsips signalssignals upup toto aboutabout 1,000,000c/s1,000,000c /s can be recorded andand camera andand tripod, the videovideo equivalent of thethe microphonemicrophone and reproduced. This, in fact, represents the basic specifications of stand of thethe sound recording system. AA detailed testtest report on thethe Akai video tape recorder,recorder, ModelModel VX1100. TheThe cross-fieldcross -field this Sony Videocorder appears on page 1313 of thisthis Issue. system usesuses aa secondsecond headhead forfor applying thethe bias signal toto thethe It Isis knownknown thatthat other manufacturers are shortly to bringbring forth tape, and this head Isis opposite that usedused for recording andand play- domestically-priceddomestically- priced video tape recorders, whichwhich will certainly back andand alsoalso slightly outout of lineline toto avoidavoid thethe biasing fieldfield par- be investigatedinvestigated by ATR. Indeed, itit isis now very apparent thatthat tiallytially erasing thethe recordedrecorded tape,tape, whichwhich isis one of thethe reasonsreasons forfor practical videovideo tape recordingrecording forfor home use isis here at lastlast -- and thethe limitedlimited frequencyfrequency responses of thethe conventional tape re-re- at aa price that some of us can afford. There willwill now arise a cording system.system. new generation of tapetape recording enthusiasts, interestedinterested inin thethe Since linearlinear recording is adopted,adopted, thethe Akai uses ordinary integratedintegrated aspects of video and sound.sound. And at the presentpresent i inchinch audioaudio tape ofof good quality, and the sound accompani- raterate of developmentdevelopment itit will certainly be less than a decade ment is recordedrecorded normallynormally on a second track.track. Moreover, asas thethe before thethe old-handold -hand or newcomer willwill be showing off Inin colour 12 videovideo andand audioaudio trackstracks areare representativerepresentative of thethe width of a his hi-fihi -fi video tape recordingsrecordings of hishis holiday in Spain.

www.americanradiohistory.com m ON TESTTEST laa

THE SONY TGV2000TCV2000 V^V VIDEOCORDERVIDEOCORDEO

by PeterPeter KnightKnight m

The Sony videovideo tapetape recorderrecorder certainly representsrepresents a dramaticdramatic The Videocorder FacilitiesFacilities breakthrough inin home television taping. For thethe tapetape enthusiast The SonySony systemsystem does fourfour things. One, itit servesserves as an ordinaryordinary itit providesprovides a mediummedium with a creative potentialpotential many times 405405-line -line televisiontelevision display forfor BBC1 and ITV. Two, ifit records greater thanthan thatthat ofof sound alone. The SonySony TCV2000 isis nono gim-gim- TV programmes (sound andand vision) direct on tapetape andand replays mick. ItIt reallyreally worksworks -- andand works extremely well. For years now them with slight loss in overalloverall quality.qualify. Three, itit serves as a engineers all over the world have been striving toto developdevelop anan closed-closed-circuit circuit TV system.system. That is,is, the TV screen will show easy-to-operateeasy -to- operate televisiontelevision tapetape recorderrecorder with home appeal, what the camera 'sees''sees' even though thethe machinemachine is notnot record- which remainsremains stable forfor long periods of timetime without constant ing. And four, itit recordsrecords thethe cameracamera signal together with a re-adjustmentre- adjustment and which isis littlelittle more expensiveexpensive than, for in-in- microphone signal (for(for thethe accompanying sound) direct on stance, a good quality stereo recorder.recorder. tapetape andand replays with virtually nono loss. Fig.Fig. 2 shows test card Video tape recordingrecording can nevernever be asas cheap as soundsound recordingrecording 'D''D' on thethe TV direct off-air.off -air. This hashas incredible definition, andand - tapetape being one ofof thethe leastleast expensive ways ofof storingstoring sound on the original photograph, thoughthough probably notnot on the printed (and vision) - because inin additionaddition toto thethe recorderrecorder oneone requiresrequires version on thisthis page, the 3Mc/s3Mc /s frequencyfrequency gratings (bottom(bottom a completecomplete televisiontelevision camera system,system, with lenseslenses andand tripod, right-handright -hand set of gratings within thethe circle) are visible. The along withwith a picture display unit,unit, which Isis a ratherrather specialspecial tele-tele- 2-75Mc/s2.75Mc /s gratings are defined at full contrast.contrast. This implies vision set. On toptop of allall this, ofof course, one must have a micro- without anyany doubt at ailall that thethe vision channel bandwidth of phone and loudspeakerloudspeaker forfor the accompanying soundsound recordingrecording the receiverreceiver is equally as good as thethe best domestic TV set.set. and playback. TheThe Sony handles sound and picturespictures onon thethe one tapetape and onon thethe oneone machine. Another thingthing which makes video tapetape recording more expensive thanthan soundsound onlyonly isis thethe tape. This mustmust bebe ofof highhigh oxide quality and isis usuallyusually wider thanthan ordinary sound tape,tape, ^f inchinch tape andand 7 inchinch spoolsspools being usedused on thethe Sony. SufficientSufficient tape for an hour's performanceperformance costs £12 Os Od.Od. The actual recorder isis nono largerlarger thanthan aa good quality sound-onlysound -only recorder (Fig.(Fig. 1) butbut thethe systemsystem whichwhich was testedtested was housedhoused neatly inin a carrying casecase together withwith thethe picturepicture display unit which is shown separatelyseparately inin Fig. 2. The cameracamera complete withwith lens, tripodtripod andand connectingconnecting leadsleads waswas housed in aa separate, smaller carryingcarrying case. The picture display unitunit isis hinged andand can be set toto threethree viewing positions, vertically, horizontallyhorizontally (i.e.,(i.e., fullyfully submergedsubmerged intointo thethe case) oror betweenbetween thethe two. TheThe approxi-approxi- mate overall dimensions of thethe case with thethe display unit hori- zontal are 2727 x 1717 x 10^101 inchesinches high.high. The recorderrecorder alone measures approximatelyapproximately 1616 x 1414 x about 10 inchesinches high.high. The complete set-upset -up asas shown inin Fig.Fig. 33 will cost aroundaround £367. The display unitunit isis a slightlyslightly modifiedmodified (internally) version of thethe Sony transistortransistor television set. The size of thethe screen isis 9 inchinch diagonal andand this sellssells forfor about £90. TheThe modifications,modifications, fitmentsfitments and the carrying case could probably amount toto aboutabout £50, which makes the price of thethe recorderrecorder alonealone inin the region of £227. For a good quality videovideo tapetape recorder thisthis isis certainlycertainly not anan unreasonable price. OnOn toptop of allall this,this, though,though, one would want aa cameracamera system. A transistor camera with tele-tele- scopic tripodtripod and standard lens (1-9(1.9 toto 2222 and 25mm)25mm) inin a casecase with leads,leads, etc, adds about anan extra £131£131 to thethe bill. This means that thethe system asas aa whole costscosts almost the same as aa Mini car. Other machines inin thethe domesticdomestic fringefringe cost at leastleast twicetwice as much.much. Fig. 2. The display unit for recordedrecorded and direct tvtv pictures. 13

www.americanradiohistory.com Scan linearity,linearity, responseresponse characteristicscharacteristics andand other technicaltechnical factors concerned withwith TV areare alsoalso veryvery well presented. The off-airoff -air signalsignal inin Fig.Fig. 44 waswas recordedrecorded andand playedplayed backback andand Fig. 55 showsshows thethe results.results. OnOn thethe original photographphotograph thethe 2Mc/s2Mc /s frequency gratingsgratings are wellwell revealedrevealed and thethe 11.5Mc -SMc/s /s gratings at full contrast.contrast. ThisThis displaydisplay indicatesindicates thatthat thethe overalloverall visionvision V responseresponse ofof thethe systemsystem isis inin thethe orderorder ofof 2Mc/s.2Mc /s. Subsequent frequency responseresponse teststests intointo thethe cameracamera circuit,circuit, onon toto thethe tapetape and toto thethe set'sset's videovideo inputinput gavegave aa responseresponse characteristiccharacteristic ofof T8Mc/s1.8Mc /s betweenbetween thethe half-powerhalf -power pointspoints withwith veryvery littlelittle responseresponse rippleripple whichwhich could leadlead toto overshootovershoot andand ringingringing (i.e.,(i.e., black-black - after-whiteafter -white andand white-affer-black)white -after -black) onon thethe picture. TheThe replayreplay ofof test cardcard 'D''D' isis consideredconsidered toto bebe remarkablyremarkably goodgood forfor a machine of thisthis nature.nature. An off-airoff -air picturepicture (ITV(ITV onon ChannelChannel 9 about 40 milesmiles from the station with indoorindoor aerial)aerial) isis shownshown inin Fig. 6.6. ThisThis was recorded and thethe resultresult isis givengiven in Fig.Fig. 7.7. WhileWhile therethere isis some obviousobvious loss inin horizontalhorizontal definition,definition, thethe picture isis wellwell up to entertain- ment standard and is representativerepresentative ofof many picturespictures viewedviewed upup and downdown the countrycountry onon domestic receiversreceivers (i.e.,(i.e., vision bandwidthbandwidth ofof aboutabout 2M/cs).2M /cs). ExcellentExcellent resultsresults were alsoalso obtainedobtained Fig. 3. TheThe complete Videocorder outfit. directdirect from thethe cameracamera (the system operating as aa closed-circuitclosed- circuit TV). HereHere thethe subjectsubject was sitting about 8 ftft fromfrom thethe camera with the lenslens set toto f/T9f/1.9 and was illuminatedilluminated by aa 375-watt375 -watt Direct floodlight.floodlight. Close-upClose -up pictures can bebe obtainedobtained with eveneven greater improvement inin definition.definition. There isis oneone thingthing about testingtesting video tapetape recordersrecorders -- thethe results cancan actually be shownshown in thethe report. Of course,course, therethere could be somesome errorserrors inin the photographyphotography itself, but thethe picturespictures submitted herehere areare totallytotally unretouched.unretouched. AA finefine lineline of picture interference isis visiblevisible towardstowards thethe toptop of thethe picture inin Fig.Fig. 7.7. This developed somewhere inin thethe recording/playbackrecording /playback processprocess (not on the recordedrecorded signal),signal), and oneone oror twotwo flashesflashes of inter-inter- ference ofof thisthis kind werewere noted duringduring thethe tests. ItIt is understoodunderstood from thethe distributors, however, thatthat they probablyprobably resultedresulted fromfrom oxide particles round thethe head system, as thethe machine had beenbeen in considerably active use forfor a numbernumber of weeks prior toto the review testtest and had notnot been cleanedcleaned or serviced.

The VideoVideo Camera Fig. 8 showsshows thethe cameracamera mounted on thethe tripod. The picture m viewing frames atat thethe top cancan be folded downdown when the camera Fig. 4. Test cardcard 'D''D' - direct viewing. is not inin use. Any 16mm lenslens can be usedused with the camera, and that supplied forfor thethe testtest was the 'standard' fitment, ranging 'standard' Recorded from f/1f/1.9 -9 to f/22f/22 and ableable to focus from a foot or soso toto infinity.infinity. Extension camera leadsleads are available,available, allowing the camera to be used at aa greater distance fromfrom thethe recorderrecorder thanthan provided M by the normal leads. Apart fromfrom thethe optical focusing on thethe lens, thethe cameracamera has an electronic focus control atat thethe rear.rear. This is normal on TVTV cameras forfor focusingfocusing the electron beam in thethe cameracamera tube. ThereThere isis also a beam-currentbeam -current preset,preset, but once this isis adjusted thethe beam current isis controlled auto-auto- matically by the lightlight intensity,intensity, thereby allowing aa wide rangerange ofof light intensifiesintensities toto be handledhandled by thethe camera without the need to frequentlyfrequently adjust the optical irisiris (i.e.,(i.e., stopstop down). Signals from thethe camera are fed toto the recorderrecorder through a multi-coredmulti -cored cablecable with DIN-plugDIN -plug terminations,terminations, and thethe power i supply for thethe cameracamera electronics and the camera tube heater is obtained viavia a separate cable which plugs intointo aa camera power supplysupply socket at thethe rear of the recorder.recorder. The tripodtripod isis the typetype well known toto professional photographers: itit has light-weight,light- weight, metal telescopic legs and easy-to-workeasy -to -work vertical, horizontal and axial shifts. Fig. 5. Test card 'D' - recorded version.

The Television Display vice versa. The switch operates both the vision and sound The frontfront ofof thethe television display unit can be seen clearlyclearly in circuits simultaneously. Fig. 2.2. The screenscreen is 99 inchinch (extreme) diagonal, and thethe frontfront panel carries thethe ordinary TV channel selector and fine tuner, The Video Tape Recorder the volumevolume control and a slide-switchslide -switch for changing fromfrom TV The heart of the recorder isis thethe video head system. This is to VTR. This allows the picture display instantaneously toto be shownshown in detail in Fig. 9. There are twotwo video heads, mounted 14 changed from ordinary offoff-air -air TV to a tapedtaped programme, and in opposition each side of a rotating arm. The arm and heads

www.americanradiohistory.com Fig. 6.6. Off thethe air'air' picturepicture - directdirect viewing.viewing. Fig. 7.7. Recorded 'off'off thethe air'air' picture (as(as Fig. 6). operate insideinside thethe largelarge drumdrum shown,shown, andand roundround thethe middle ofof effectively ofof only about 200200 lines.lines. TheThe vertical definition is,is, of the drumdrum peripheryperiphery is_ais a slotslot throughthrough which thethe active poles of course, impairedimpaired by thisthis technique,technique, but itit does representrepresent a thethe headsheads appearappear so thatthat theythey areare each alternately inin light,light, closer match to the horizontal definition whichwhich isis inin anyany eventevent physical contact with thethe oxide sideside ofof the tape for half aa rotationrotation limited by virtue of thethe signal bandwidth. ItIt can be consideredconsidered of thethe arm."arm. as an artifice allowing a smaller video bandwidth toto match thethe Because the tapetape isis transportedtransported aroundaround thethe drum inin the naturenature vertical definition, while not reducing the actual number of of a helix,helix, thethe tapetape width isis scannedscanned diagonally, firstfirst withwith oneone lines onon thethe picture.picture. head andand thenthen thethe other.other. ConnectionConnection from thethe headsheads toto thethe The rotationalrotational speed of thethe video head systemsystem isis synchronizedsynchronized recorder circuits isis mademade by thethe threethree metalmetal brushes thatthat can by aa servo arrangement, and to facilitatefacilitate this a control signalsignal isis bebe seenseen operating onon contact ringsrings at thethe toptop ofof the assembly. recorded on the foptop edge of the tape, whilewhile thethe soundsound track isis One connection toto thethe two heads isis made common,common, which isis recorded on the bottom edge (see Fig. 11.) Fig.Fig. 1212 shows thethe why therethere areare only threethree (not four)four) brushesbrushes andand rings.rings. On recordrecord control andand sound headhead (this beingbeing a stackedstacked assembly withwith only one ofof thethe heads isis used,used, andand because thethe arm carrying poles adjusted toto tracktrack a top and bottom edge on the tape).tape). the heads isis rotating ataat a velocity of 2525 rpm,rpm, a half of a revolution This picture also shows the capstan and pinch roller in some takes one-fiftiethone -fiftieth ofof a second,second, which is equal to thethe period detail, and these are seenseen to be very similar to thosethose used inin taken by one field of television picture. One complete frameframe (or(or audio-onlyaudio -only recorders. To cater for thethe slight twist of the tape picture) consistsconsists of twotwo interlacedinterlaced fields (see(see Fig.Fig. 10), which due to its helical path round the drum, the inin and out tape means that aa complete frameframe occurs every twenty-fifthtwenty -fifth of aa guides are tapered. second (that(that is,is, twenty-fivetwenty -five picturespictures per second). The capstan is drivendriven by a powerful, synchronous motor, lockedlocked Ordinary transmissionstransmissions provide forfor thethe lines of one fieldfield toto to the mains frequency and the tape isis transportedtransported at a velocity fallfall inin the gaps between the lineslines ofof a subsequent field, as of 7j72 ips. The relative video head to tape velocity, of course, isis shown inin Fig. 10.10. A 405-line405 -line picture,picture, therefore,therefore, has 20252022 lineslines far greater than this due toto the heads rotatingrotating against thethe direc- per field, two interlacedinterlaced fields giving a frameframe of 405 lines.lines. InIn tiontion of the tape. Owing to the need forfor aa very high tape/headtape /head practice, not allall thethe lineslines are used toto carry thethe picture informa-informa- velocity toto recordrecord video-frequencyvideo- frequency signals, early video tape tion, as some of themthem occur during the field blanking period recorders sufferedsuffered fromfrom very speedy wear of the head poles, when the screen illuminationillumination is suppressed. Actually about eight lines per field are lost inin thisthis way.way. Clearly, then,then, the head whichwhich is switchedswitched inin during the timetime that a video tapetape isis beingbeing recorded gives one diagonal tracktrack onon thethe tape (bearing(bearing inin mind that the tapetape isis being transported round [ thethe drumdrum at the samesame time as thethe headhead isis rotating) exactly equalequal to the time takentaken by oneone field. Thus, thethe picture informationinformation carriedcarried by all lineslines of aa field are recordedrecorded on one diagonal track.track. When the recording head leavesleaves thethe tapetape half way round thethe drumdrum thethe subsequentsubsequent fieldfield occurs, but this one is not recorded. Only every alternate fieldfield is recorded. TheThe recordingrecording head pole is arranged to produce trackstracks on the tapetape of a width thatthat makes adjacent ones almost touch, as shown in Fig. 11. These tracks correspond to every other field. On playback both heads areare switched infointo operation. This means thatthat both heads 'read''read' thethe information on the diagonal tracks.tracks. TheThe width of the trackstracks and the synchronizing areare such that one field of informationinformation is 'read''read' first by one head and thenthen by the second head aafiftieth fiftieth of aa secondsecond afterwards. A complete frame is thereby produced consisting of twotwo fieldsfields of the same information interlaced! This is a very clever idea, for itit means thatthat a complete frameframe of about 400 lineslines isis composed of picture informationinformation consisting Fig. 8. The Sony video camera. 15

www.americanradiohistory.com distorting and widening thethe gap.gap. It is understoodunderstood thatthat thisthis problem hashas been combated inin the Sony model byby aa specialspecial head pole-piece-makingpole -piece -making process inin conjunctionconjunction with special ferrites. ItIt is claimed thatthat thisthis technique gives a head lifelife of upup iy to somesome tenten timestimes thatthat ofof ordinary video heads. <> cj Control Signals ■" The control tracktrack isis recordedrecorded fromfrom the field syncsync pulsespulses ofof the television signal. These,These, of course, areare presentpresent onon ordinaryordinary TV transmissionstransmissions (serving to locklock thethe picture steady onon thethe screen) andand are generated inin the television camera. As the head assemblyassembly rotatesrotates withinwithin thethe drum, pulsespulses of electricity \i^> are generated in a smallsmall windingwinding fixed to thethe drum (this(this can bebe seen at the frontfront of thethe drum inin Fig.Fig. 9). These pulses are pro- duced electro-magneticallyelectro- magnetically byby a piece of shaped metalmetal passing close toto thethe windingwinding pole piecespieces as thethe arm rotates.rotates. Thus, the pulse raterate isis a measuremeasure of thethe speedspeed of thethe heads. These pulsespulses are compared withwith thosethose recordedrecorded on thethe control tracktrack of thethe tape inin aa discriminator. ThereThere isis nono output from the Fig. 9.9. Detailed view of the video recordingrecording head. discriminator whenwhen thethe head-assembly-generatedhead -assembly -generated pulses coin-coin- nizing isis extremely good, with no tendencytendency towards field slip cide with thosethose of the field.field. However, should the pulses tendtend toto or lineline tearing. The display unit features all the ordinaryordinary go out of step, due toto the headhead rotatingrotating too fast or too slow,slow, a television set controls, which need no explanationexplanation here. Both control voltage isis developed byby thethe discriminatordiscriminator and thisthis isis sound and vision cancan be monitored whilewhile a recordingrecording isis being fed toto the servoservo which corrects thethe rotationalrotational speed ofof the head.head. made, soso one is always assured that the best picture signals In thisthis wayway thethe head speed isis accuratelyaccurately synchronized.synchronized. possible areare going on toto thethe tape. The factfact thatthat pairs of lineslines of thethe recordedrecorded picture containcontain thethe same informationinformation Isis not Controls and Electronics noticeable, but there isis a very, very slightslight verticalvertical displacement Before thethe tape entersenters the machine itit passes an erase head toto which could have some bearing on this.this. clear itit of previous recordings. This head, its guides and the The tape supplied with the testtest machine gave 30 minutes pro- tapered guide mentioned earlier, can be seen inin Fig.Fig. 13.13. This gramme time andand at the end ofof the tapetape an auto switch closed the picture also shows thethe main on/offon /off buttonbutton and the digital tapetape machine down. The noise level of thethe deckdecktransport transport mechanismmechanism counter with zeroing press-button.press- button. TheThe mainmain controls of thethe and headhead drive isis a littlelittle above thatthat of anan ordinary audioaudio recorder, deck includeinclude aa largelarge leverlever whichwhich provides 'play','play', 'stop''stop' and 'wind','wind', but notnot distracting -- rather likelike thethe noise from a cine projector. and another forfor fast'forwardfast 'forward wind'. TorecorcftheTo record the 'record'record button' An outstanding pointpoint was thethe freedomfreedom from picture grain,grain, which isis depressed andand thethe deck leverlever pulledpulled toto 'play'.'play'. AA specialspecial indicates thatthat thethe specifiedspecified 40dB signal/noisesignal /noise ratioratio isis definitely meter indicatesindicates ac voltage toto the machine, video signalsignal levellevel not inflated. Indeed, itit would seem that thethe ratio was more like and audioaudio signalsignal level,level, the requiredrequired indicationindication being selected 46dB subjectively. by aa control toto thethe rightright of thethe meter.meter. Video tapetape recorders must have very goodgood wowwow andand flutterflutter The sound recording and playback followfollow conventionalconventional prac-prac- performance to keep the pictures steadysteady onon the screen, and tice, as do thethe recordingrecording of the fieldfield pulses on thethe control track.track. one could definitely not argue with thethe 0-25%0.25% rms value for The videevideo signal, however, isis not recorded direct, for thethe signal this given inin the specification. In viewview of obvious video channel Isfirstfrequency-modulatedis first frequency- modulated ononto to azian internallyinternally generatedgenerated carrier, equalization, with possible hf emphasis, there was no sign ofof and itit isis thisthis carriercarrier soso modulated which isis recordedrecorded onon the ringing or overshoot onon thethe picture, soso therethere was no point inin video tracks of the tape. WhenWhen thethe tapetape isis played backback the making square-wavesquare -wave tests of thethe video sections -- thethe pictures extracted frequency-modulatedfrequency -modulated video isis fed toto an FMFM detector,detector, tell all. whence thethe videovideo signal isis obtained, andand after equalisationequalisation and This isis most certainly a fascinatingfascinating machine and,and, more- amplification it Isis fedfed toto thethe display unit asas pure videovideo signal.signal. over, itit is inin a price range thatthat could well encourage the popular- The video delivered byby thethe recorder has a peak-to-peakpeak -to -peak compo- izing of home video taping. It has much to offer above ordinaryordinary site amplitude ofof 1-41.4 volts,volts, with negative-goingnegative -going sync, making itit silent cine, and the factfact that itit can recordrecord TV programmes suitable forfor thethe video stages of 405-line405 -line TV sets.sets. (albeit, unlawfully) isis another big factorfactor inin itsits favour. ThereThere are The machine isis certainly nono more difficultdifficult to work than anan aver-aver- two minorminor criticisms. One,One, the insensitivifyinsensitivity of thethe microphone age audioaudio tapetape recorder,recorder, and therethere isis no difficulty whateverwhatever inin and/orand /or microphone channel and,and, two,two, thethe factfact thatthat thethe machine securing goodgood pictures from camera oror TV direct. The synchro- inin itsits present form cannot feedfeed direct intointo thethe aerial socket of the

Lines of partnering Lines of oneone field field Control Track

Video tracks\ Sound Track y Interlaced lineslines of (every other field) section ofof frame

1616 Fig.Fig. 10. How interlacedinterlaced fields formform aa completecomplete frame. Fig. 11. How thethe video trackstracks areare recorded on the half inch wide tape.tape

www.americanradiohistory.com - m

**:. >• r .

f/g.Fig. 72.12. Tape transporttransport andand deck controls.

1

> Sound and video childs play erase childs play head ; *

Fig.Fig, 13.13. Sound head and tape-guides.tape -guides. domestic TV set.set. The sound aspect could probablyprobably be clearedcleared by a different microphone, but thethe TV connecting aspect wouldwould require an rf generator delivering sound andand vision carriers modulated withwith thethe audio and video, thethe carrierscarriers being setset to aa channel inin Band I.I. This isis not an unduly difficult problem, and itit isis understood thatthat itit is, inin fact, being currentlycurrently investigatedinvestigated by the distributors, Debenhams of Gloucester. AA unit of thisthis yes nature would give thethe machine even greatergreater domestic appeal, yes since almost everyone has a TV set, soso why buy another?another? The scope of thisthis machine fromfrom thethe educational,educational, medical, and professional commercial and defence aspects goesgoes without sayingsaying .. ., .. but here we are concerned only with itsits domestic applications,applications, quality too which should now be apparent. With the Hammond M-100M -100 thethe full dimension of thethe Makers' Specifications studio comescomes within the command of the amateur. Deck: Two rotaryrotary heads and helican scanningscanning withwith edge con-con- Let your dealer give youyou a demonstration but be trol and sound tracks.tracks. Servo;Servo: Slow electro-magnetic.electro- magnetic. Tape Speed;Speed: prepared for your previousprevious conceptions of the 7j7 ipsips ±0-2%.±0.2 %. Tape Width:-J-Width: z inch.inch. RecordRecord Time: 6060 minutes. FastFast Winds: 7 minutes.minutes. StartStart Time;Time: PicturePicture stable within 6 seconds. "live sound" toto be shattered. Write for full detailsdetails Power Requirements: 80 watts maximum. Motor: One single-single - fromfrom C E Hammond ftEt Co Ltd 90 High Street phase hysteresishysteresis synchronous.synchronous. Erase: Full track.track. Windsor Berks. Video Section: Double sidebandsideband FM recording.recording. Input:Input: 1-4V1.4V composite p-pp -p video negative sync, 75 ohms unbalanced. Out- with the Hammond put: 1'4V1.4V pp-p -p composite video negativenegative sync, 7575 ohms un- with the Hammond balanced. Signal)NoiseSignallNoise Ratio: 40dB. Audio Section: Input: 600600 ohms, unbalanced microphone, MM-100 -100 Condenser -60dB. Line Input: tOKohms10Kohms unbalanced -20dB.-20dB. Output: SKohms5Kohms unbalanced OdB.OdB, Frequency Response: 80 to 10,000c10,000c/s /s ±6dB. Microphone 29 gns Distortion;Distortion: 5%.5 %. Signal/NoiseSignal /Noise Ratio: Better than 40dB. Wow and Microphone 29 gns Flutter: Less than 0-25%0.25% rms.rms. Transistors;Transistors: 50 plus 28 semi- conductor diodes and 1 thermistor.thermistor. 17

www.americanradiohistory.com o° 90°

10 Kc/s - 200 c/s 5 Kc /s - 100 c/s ------

1 Kc/s

Fig. I.1. The GrampianGrampian parabolicparabolic reflectorreflector fitted Fig. 2.2. TypicalTypical polarpolar responsesresponses of a cardioid microphone.microphone. TakenTaken fromfrom thethe Grampian cardioidcardioid micro-micro - with aa DP4DP4 microphonemicrophone andand windshield. phone typetype GC1GO (courtesy(courtesy ofof Grampian Reproducers Ltd.)

SOUND SCENESCENE LOOKSLOOMS AT MICROPHONES

There areare many different kinds of microphone, From thethe point of viewview of reliability the pres-pres- composed of two ribbonribbon units placed one each withwith differentdifferent characteristics, but none sure microphone undoubtedlyundoubtedly heads thethe list above thethe other and set at an angleangle of 45° directly comparable inin performanceperformance with thethe as thethe most useful one to the recording with respect toto a centre line. The microphone human ear. The smallsmall crystalcrystal microphonesmicrophones amateur.amateur. Pressure microphones are, generally is normally placed centrally to the sound supplied with mostmost domestic tapetape recordersrecorders speaking, omni-directional,omni -directional, which means that source although when recording music some are asas a rulerule good enough for ordinary speech,speech, the areaarea over which they will pick up sounds care must be taken with thethe placing of the butbut are not really suitable forfor music recording.recording. extends all around the microphone, i.e.i.e. thethe There are,are, however, high qualityquality crystal and sensitivitysensitivity for all directions is constant. They ceramic microphones nownow available with a have oneone disadvantage and this is their in- smoothsmooth frequencyfrequency responseresponse which will makemake ability toto eliminateeliminate soundssounds refleciedreflected from goodgood recordingsrecordings of music performedperformed live.live. On walls oror toto differentiate between wanted andand the other hand it is surprisingsurprising howhow certain unwanted sounds. They are, however,however, probably L tl sounds cancan bebe completely spoiledspoiled by usingusing an the most ideal forfor outdoor work since theythey unsuitable microphone (or aa poor tapetape re- are not overover sensitivesensitive toto wind noise. To obtain corder). ForFor instance,instance, a recordingrecording of anan express directional effects out of doors aa parabolic train will bebe littlelittle more thanthan an unintelligible reflector (Fig.(Fig. I) can be used. This also helps can be used. This also helps L clatter shouldshould a cheapcheap crystal microphone bebe to locatelocate andand amplifyamplify a single sound and at used. The high-pitchedhigh -pitched hiss ofof steam and thethe the same time toto exclude a good deal of un- 1 9 deep rumblerumble ofof thethe wheels would bebe lostlost com- wanted soundsound fromfrom other directions. i 9■p pletely. These areare thethe sounds thatthat identify thethe For music recordingrecording a velocity ribbonribbon micro- 2 train and ifif they are not presentpresent suchsuch aa soundsound phone or aa cardioid microphonemicrophone isis undoubtedly T could wellwell bebe mistaken forfor a similar oneone such the most ideal. Both these microphones have : » as tunningrunning machinery. All inin all, the better the directional characteristics enabling one to microphone the betterbetter thethe recording, whether reduce unwanted sound and room echo. The yk the recorder itself isis cheap or expensive;expensive; the very smooth and wide frequency response of best advice is to useuse thethe bestbest quality microphone a good quality ribbon microphone makes itit - and the best quality recorder you can afford. eminently suitable for high quality recording,recording, :' Microphones fall into three main groups: but when used for speech or singing care must (1) pressurepressure-operated -operated microphones; (2) velocity be takentaken to avoid close proximity to the micro- (pressure-gradient(pressure -gradient operated); and (3) combined phone in order toto prevent undue emphasis at microphones (cardioid).( cardioid). The pressurepressure micro- the lowerlower frequencies. The cardioid micro- 1 phones which are usually moving-coilmoving -coil electro- phone has a frequency response which isis magnetic, crystal or ceramic typestypes are the most equally smooth but does not always extend so widely employed because of their versatility far down toto the lower frequencies as the ribbonribbon Bl; and comparativelycomparatively lowlow cost. Condenser microphone. The word 'cardioid"` cardioid' refers to the microphones areare alsoalso pressure-operatedpressure- operated but are heartheart-shaped -shaped directional characteristic shown ■-■tau-r normally extremelyextremely expensive and littlelittle used in Fig. 2. by tape recording enthusiasts. TheThe sensitivity of pressure-operatedpressure -operated microphones isis generally Stereo Microphones Fig. 3. The Lustraphone 'Slereolus'`Stereolus' VRI65NSVR/65NS 18 higher than that of velocity microphones. The ideal stereophonic microphone is usually stereo microphone.

www.americanradiohistory.com various instruments.instruments. TheThe Lustraphone 'Stereo-'Stereo- with screenedscreened leadlead and connectorconnector at £10£10 10slOs Od.Od. for outdoor recording.recording. Your reporterreporter usesuses the lus'lus' stereostereo micmie isis shownshown inin Fig.Fig. 3.3. The tabletable standstand shownshown inin thethe photograph costs Shure 55S ribbonribbon cardioidcardioid quite frequentlyfrequently forfor £1£1 3s3s 6d.6d. The frequencyfrequency responseresponse of thethe GR1GR1 outdoor asas well asas indoorindoor work. ItIt costscosts series isis 40 to 15,000c/s. £23£23 13s13s Ad,4d, hashas a smoothsmooth response from 50- Frequency ResponseResponse andand ImpedanceImpedance 40 to 15,000c /s. from 50- Another ribbonribbon microphonemicrophone popular with thethe 15,000c/s and willwill match intointo 50,50, 250 or highhigh TheThe frequencyfrequency responseresponse andand sensitivitysensitivity ofof a high quality enthusiasts isis thethe FilmFilm IndustriesIndustries impedance inputsinputs withwith itsits built-inbuilt -in matching microphone dependsdepends somewhatsomewhat onon itsits cost.cost. enthusiasts typetype M8M8 shownshown inin Fig.Fig. 7. This retailsretails at £9£9 9s Od.Od. unit. ThereThere are cheaper cardioidcardioid microphones Generally thethe cheapercheaper thethe microphone, thethe This at 9s microphones andand hashas a frequency response of 35-13,OOOc/s. availableavailable but thesethese mostly havehave a rather too narrowernarrower thethe frequencyfrequency response.response. ProbablyProbably response of 35- 13,000c /s. rather too TheThe tabletable standstand costscosts £1£1 5s QdOd andand thethe flexibleflexible limited lowlow frequencyfrequency response. TheyThey are, thethe most importantimportant characteristiccharacteristic isis thethe stem completecomplete with cable costs £2 2s2s Qd.Od. however, very good forfor speechspeech recording. In impedance. ManyMany tapetape recordersrecorders nowadaysnowadays cable costs recording. In thisthis briefbrief surveysurvey ofof microphonesmicrophones wewe have have aa microphonemicrophone inputinput impedanceimpedance ofof aroundaround have Cardioid MicrophonesMicrophones covered onlyonly a fewfew of thethe hundreds ofof micro- 200 ohms andand therethere isis aa widewide choicechoice ofof micro- These areare generally more expensive and phones nownow on thethe market. Our directory in phones withwith thisthis impedance. WhenWhen you pur- more expensive and Our directory in favoured by thethe more discriminating re-re- this issue listslists all thosethose microphones whichwhich we chase a new microphonemicrophone make suresure thatthat you more cordistcordist who wantswants to make high quality think will be ofof interest toto tapetape recording know thethe inputinput impedanceimpedance atat thethe microphonemicrophone to make high recording speechspeech andand musicmusic recordings. Provided thethe enthusiasts. InIn addition,addition, we havehave included an socket ofof youryour tapetape recorderrecorder or mixer. ItIt does recordings. included an lowlow frequencyfrequency responseresponse doesdoes notnot extend tootoo extra page showingshowing aa few more of the popularpopular not follow,follow, however,however, thatthat aa microphonemicrophone ofof far down, thethe cardioidcardioid microphone isis suitable types (see(see page 23). thatthat exactexact impedanceimpedance must bebe purchased.purchased. For instanceinstance one couldcould useuse a lowlow impedance micro- phone of,of, say,say, 2525 ohmsohms with an inputinput impedance of 30 to 5050 ohms.ohms. A microphonemicrophone withwith anan im-im- pedancepedance ofof 200 ohms could be usedused with inputinput impedancesimpedances between 150150 and 400 ohms without ■ "■<- any undue loss.loss. LowLow impedanceimpedance microphonesmicrophones can, of course,course, bebe matchedmatched intointo highhigh impedanceimpedance s; microphone socketssockets byby means ofof a suitablesuitable \ matching transformer.transformer. Crystal microphones IN which normallynormally have aa very high impedanceimpedance must bebe matched intointo a socketsocket ofof approxi- mately equalequal impedance.impedance. OneOne of thethe great advantages of lowlow impedance microphonesmicrophones isis thatthat theythey can be usedused withwith longlong cablescables butbut ifif high impedanceimpedance crystalcrystal microphones areare usedused with longlong cablescables therethere isis a riskrisk of frequencyfrequency and sensitivitysensitivity loss.loss. Sv

Some Popular TypesTypes of Microphone From ourour microphone directory,directory, publishedpublished inin this issue,issue, we havehave selected somesome representativerepresentative types thatthat are popularpopular with tapetape recording enthusiasts. Undoubtedly thethe crystal and ceramic microphonesmicrophones areare the mostmost popular because of their comparatively lowlow cost, but therethere are a fewfew typestypes available, suchsuch asas thethe Acos MIC 39/13911 (crystal)(crystal) andand thethe Acos MIC 60 Fig. 4.4. The Grampian DP4 microphone fittedfilled Fig. 5. The LuslraphoneLustraphone LHI59LK/59 magnetic moving-moving - (ceramic), whichwhich are capable ofof excellent re-re- with a windshield. coil hand microphone. production, eveneven of music. They can also be recommended forfor outdoor work andand are fairly robust. For higher quality reproduction with- out excessive lowlow frequency response,response, e.g.e.g. oversensitivity to wind noise, thethe magneticmagnetic oror dynamic microphone should be considered.considered. One of the mostmost popularpopular of thesethese isis thethe Grampian DP4 which is shown inin Fig.Fig. 4 fittedfitted with a Grampian windshield.windshield. The DP4 isis available with impedancesimpedances of 25, 200, 600 and 50,000 ohms andand retailsretails at £8 5j5s OrfOd for thethe 25 ohmohm model and £9£9 5s OrfOd forfor thethe others. L The windshield costs 17j17s f>d.6d. FilmFilm Industries also makemake an excellent moving coilcoil microphone - the typetype M7 at £8 15s Qd.Od. From the Lustra- phonephone catalogue wewe have chosen Model LH/59LH /59 shown in Fig. 5.5. ThisThis isis a lightweightlightweight micro- phone with aa presspress-to-talk -to -talk switch.switch. % .'

Ribbon Microphones The realreal advantage of the ribbonribbon microphone is itsits wide, smooth frequency response andand a polar pattern that enables one to reduce un- wanted sound toto a minimum. The ribbon microphone is essentially a microphone for high quality recording indoors. One of thethe very popular ribbon microphones isis thethe Reslo miniature broadcasting type VRP which will be reviewed shortly inin ATR. Grampian alsoalso make a fairly inexpensiveinexpensive ribbon microphone, the type GR1 is the type GR1 shown Fig. 6. This is available Fig. 6.6. The Grampian GRIGR/ ribbon microphone Fig. 7. The Film Industries M8 ribbon micro- with variousvarious impedances and comescomes completecomplete complete with tabletable oror desk stand. phone complete with tabletable stand and flexibleflexible stem. 19

www.americanradiohistory.com ..-r

44- - microphonemicrophone versatility

i *'< Mm

»l r<-v. ? 'v« EL 7500

»;41 - /^ ,

www.americanradiohistory.com The Philips ELEL 7500 is a unique conception —a-a microphone and accessories cleverly designed toto give you four configurations which cover everyevery use —and-and toto save you money, it's a kit. A high grade moving coil insert, transformer and switch are housed within the clean lines ofof aa most attractive but durable case. The basic unit makes aa very efficient, lightweightlightweight hand microphone;microphone: slip-onslip -on accessories immediatelyimmediately adapt it to a floor stand or a neck-slingneck -sling mike,mike, oror support itit from the smart,smart, functional table stand. The EL 7500 is engineered by Philips and backed by many years of experience in manufacturing moving coil microphones. The kitkit comescomes absolutely complete with all components and materials, while the profusely illustrated instructioninstruction book makes assembly easy and fastfast for anyone withwith basic soldering ability. The transformertransformer cancan be connected to give 50kO,50kS2, 5000500e or 2000200Q impedance. The EL 7500 has a good frequency response; with omnidirectional characteristics, excellent sensitivity andand unique versatility, it's the idealideal general purpose microphone for the enthusiast who wants something a little betterbetter forfor recording,recording, from one quality kit public address or amateur radio.

lot The kit is as well engineered as thethe microphone. Components are located inin an attractive, shaped moulding —and-and the box isis designed forfor simplesimple "•« modification intointo aa permanent storage case after the microphone has been assembled. Best of all,all, it'sit's inexpensive. With no assembly time to pay for, the EL 7500 is offered at only £7.7.0. See one at your dealer's now.

^7

-•-•it 'P-r 1■ =^ Hw : PETO SCOTT T / ssauna' o u n c/ aand n cf v/s/onvision PETO SCOTT LIMITED ADDLESTONE ROAD, WEYBRIDGE, SURREY Telephone: Weybridge 45511

CWcw PSPS II

www.americanradiohistory.com MD 411

The newnew super - cardioid ifs microphone by

SennlieiserSennheiser Convert your bathroom into a recording studio. Almost possible with thethe ultra-ultra - directional MD411. Cuts out background noise and room echoes; thethe smooth flatflat frequency response gives pro- fessional closeclose-up -up sound inin domestic surroundings.surroundings. Devel- oped fromfrom the famous Senn-Senn - heiser studio microphonesmicrophones toto meet the Hi Fi standardstandard DIN 45 500. integralIntegral triple impedance transformer matches toto any type of tape recorder.

mm £13£13.9.0 . 9 . 0 JtSL 5W With table stand, floor m table stand, floor stand adaptor and zip-zip - up cushioned case com- f plete. u

¥ Audio Engineering Ltd

33 Endell St. London WC2. TEM 0033

22

www.americanradiohistory.com 1 2 3

4 5 6

MICROPHONES FOR TAPE RECORDING 1. TheThe Grampian GCIGCI cardioid microphone. 6. The Acos Mic 39/1 crystal microphone includesincludes a lavalier 2. The AKG studiostudio type microphone D12 for high quality (neck cord) attachment. recording. 7. The Acos Mic 95 omni-directionalomni -directional microphone. 3. TheThe Sennheiser MD421 studio cardioidcardioid microphone. 8. The Lustraphone VR/75VR /75 miniature ribbon microphonemicrophone with 4. TheThe Hammond M-100M -100 condenser microphone. builtbuilt-in -in pre-amplifier.pre -amplifier. 5. TheThe Grundig GDSM-330GDSM -330 dual stereo microphone. 9. The FilmFilm Industries M8S-aM8S -a high quality ribbon microphone.

7 8 9

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www.americanradiohistory.com TRAILING LEADS CAN AIRAIR. BE E ARRASSING MICROPHONEMICROPHONE

DHIECTORVDIRECTORY

Make Type Polar FrequencyFrequency Impedance Price Response Response e£ ss d ACOS Mic 39/139/1 CRCR. O/D 30-l2.000c/s30-12,000c/s 5,0005,000 ohms 3 33 0 Mic40Mic 40 CR O/D0/0 30-7,000c/s High (4-7(4.7 Mohms) 11 15 0 Mic 4040 CER 0/0O/D 30-7.000c/s30-7,000c/s 22 00 0 Mic 4040 MAG O/D 30-7.000c/s30-7,000c/s 2 5 0 Mic 6060 CR O/D0/0 30-l0,000c/s30-10,000c/s High (4-7(4.7 Mohms) 2 2 0 Mic 6060 CER O/D 20-10,000c/s20-l0.000c/s I0MohmslOMohms 2 7 0 Mic 6060 MAG 0/0O/D 200-5,000c/s200-5.000c/s 2,000 ohms 2 15 0 Mic 45 CR O/D0/0 30-8.000c/s30-8,000c/s 4-7Mohms4*7Mohms 2 0 0 Mic 4545 CER O/D 2 5 0 Mic 5555 CR O/D0/0 30-10.000c/s30-10,000c/s 4-7Mohms4.7Mohms 2 2 0 (lapel(lapel mic) Mic 5555 CER O/D0/0 20-I0,000c/s20-l0,000c/s 10,000 ohms 22 7 0 (lapel(lapel mic) Mic 5555 MAG 8$OID ' 200-5,000c/s200-5,000c/s 2,000 ohmsohms 2 15 0 (lapel(lapel mic) Mic 95/295/2 - O/D 80-12,000c/s80-12.000c/s 200 ohms 22 12 6 SO DON'T I LET Mic 95/5095/50 — O/D0/0 80-l2.000c/s80-12,000c/s High SOKohms50Kohms 33 3 0 (Manufactureddanufat by Cosmocord Limited,Limited, Waltham Cross, Herts.)Meets.) AKG THIS HAPPENHAPPEN TO YOU D7A D 0/0O/D 80-10,000c/s80-10,OOOc/s 200 ohms 4 4 0 DIDUG IC D C 80-15,000c/s80-15,OOOc/s 50,000 or 200 ohms 6 0 0 DDili 12/60 60 D C 30-18,000c/s30-18,OOOc/s 60 or 2020 ohmsohms 28 0 0 use the D14SDI4S D C 50-I5,000c/sS0-l5.000c/s 200 or 40,000 ohms 10 0 0 DDI9C 19C D C 30-16,000c/s30-l6.000c/s 200 or 60 ohms 17 10 0 D19EDI9E D C 30-16,000c/s30-16. OOOc/s High, 20O200 and 21 10 0 Reslo radio microphonemicrophone 60 ohms DlD119CS 19CS D C 30-16,000c/s30-16,OOOc/s 200 ohms 21 10 0 DD119ES 119ES D C 30-16,000c/s30-16,OOOc/s High, 200 and 24 10lO 0 A completecomplete system consisting ofof a microphone ou60 onohms\ 1 , rr-,ids (lavalier neckneck suspensionsuspension type allowing unrestrictedunrestricted D24B/60 D C 30-30-20,OOOc/s 20,000c /s 60 ohms 48 10 0 D66D66/200/200 D C 50-50-15,OOOc/s 15,000c/s High and 200 ohms II11 10 0 movement), a low power pocket transmitter for carry- (stereo) inging on thethe person, and aa sensitivesensitive high performance D58/60 D (Anti-noise)(Anti- noise) — 10 10IO 0 D501D50I D C 50-50-15,000c/s 15,000e/s iCKI200 ohms 24 10 0 receiver, providing the audioaudio signalsignal for thethe associated D503 D cC 15-15,OOOc/sI5- 15,000( /s 200 ohms 15is- 0 0 amplifier and loudspeakerloudspeaker soundsound system.system. The purposepurpose D505 D (Anti- 50-50-15,OOOc/s 15,000e /s 200 ohms 13 15 0 noise) i being toto provide a high quality but wirewire freefree link/ink be-be- D507 D (Anti- 50-l5.000c/s50- 15,000c/s 200 ohms 15 0 0 tween the microphone user and thethe sound reinforce- noise) DI09D109 D (Neck 50-15,OOOc/s50- 15,000c /s 60 or 200 ohms 11II 0 0 ment installation. mic) Approved by the Post Office D202 D (Two(Two-way) -way) 20-20-l8.000c/s 18,000c /s 200 ohms 30 0 0 (Manufactured(Manufactured by Politechna Limited, 182 Campden Hill Road, London W8.)IV3.) Radio microphone type MMD1 AMPEX 801 D O/D 50-50—I8,000c/s 18,000c/s 20,000 ohms 20 0 0 802 D O/D0/D S0-20.000c/s50- 20,000c/s 30-30-50, 50,150 150-250 -250 and 25 15 0 20,000 ohms 803 D C 45-45-IS.000c/s 15,000( /s 30-50,30- 50,150 150-250 -250 and 33 10 0 20,000 ohms (Manufactured by Ampex (Gt Britain) Limited, Acre Road, Reading, Berks.)

BANG & OLUFSENOLUPSEN BM5 R (stereo) COS 20-20-13,000c/s 13,000c /s 150 ohms 60 5 0 BM6 R COS 20-l3,000c/s20- 13,000c /s 150 ohms 13 2 6 17,000c R.1-1.18 MD8 D O/D0/0 50-17,OOOc/s50- /s 200 ohms 9 9 0 Transmitter type R.H.18 (Manufactured by Bang and Olufsen.) (Distributors: Bang andandOlufsen. Olufsen, UK Sales Division, MerciaMercia Road, Gloucester.) lo/nxo BEYERBEYER M119Ml 19 D O/D 50-50-16,OOOc/s 16,000c/s 200 ohms 21 15 0 IO MMI60 160 D C 50-50-18,OOOc/s 18,000c/s 200200 ohms 59 19 0 M260 R C 50-50-l8,000c/s 18,000( /s 200200 ohms 2222 8 0 Rate/ M69 D C 50-50-I6.000C/S 16,000c /s Low 2727 I1 0 MItOMHO D O/D 60-60-12,OOOc/s 12,000c /s 200200 ohms 27 7 0 M610 D C 50-50-15,OOOc/s 15,000c /s 200200 ohms 22 10 0 M57 D 0/0O/D 300300-4.000c/s -4,000(/s 200 ohms 1212 12 0 RESLOSOUND LIMITED (speeeych(speech RESLOSOUND LIMITED onl Reslo Works, Spring Gardens, London Road, Romford, M64M64 D Oo®? /D) 100-100-10,OOOc/s 10,000(Js 200200 ohms 1616 19 0 (Distributors:(Distributors FiFl-Cord -Cord International Limited, CharCharlwoods /woods Road, East Crlnslead,Grinstead, Sussex.) Essex. Telephone Romford 49087 S.G. BROWN 10600IC600 CER O/D0/0 50-I2,000c/s50- 12,000c /s ISOKohms150Kohms 6 6 0 24 (Manufactured by S. G.C. Brown Limited, King George's Avenue, Watford, Herts.)

www.americanradiohistory.com A listlist ofof current microphonesmicrophones

most suitable forfor tape

recording enthusiasts

NOTE;NOTE: This listlist does not includeinclude pro-pro- fessional studio microphones, public address microphones oror those of foreign manufacture not normally advertisedadvertised and sold inin thisthis country.

Make TypoType Polar Frequency ImpedanceImpeiance Price / Response Response £ ss dd DENHAM & MORLEY NBI50 M/C O/D 80-l6.000c/s80- 16,000c/s 200200 oror 50,000 ohmsohms 3 33 00 NB250 M/C C 100-16,OOOc/s100 -16 000c/s 200200 oror 50,000 ohms 4 1414 66 NB10INB101 M/CMC O/D 40-18,000c/s40- 18,000c/s 200200 ohmsohms 1414 14 00 NB20INB201 M/CM%C CC/D 50-18,OOOc/s50- 18,000c/s 200200 ohmsohms 1515 15 00 NB211 M/C C 50-18,000c/s50- 18,000c/s 200200 ohmsohms 1616 1616 00 NB301NB30I R C 40-18,OOOc/s40- 18,000c/s 200200 ohmsohms 2222 I1 00 (Manufactured by Denham & Morley Limited,Limited, Denmore House, 173 ClevelandCleveland Street,Street, London NWi.)NW I.)

ELECTRO-VOICE 649B649BCTRO-VOICE M/C O/D 70-10,OOOc/s70- 10,000c /s 50, 150,250150, 250 ohms 28 1717 0 A Winner 644 M/C C 40-10,000c/s40- 10,000c/s 150150 ohmsohms and HighHigh 28 1818 0 (Manufactured by KEF Electronics Limited, Tovil, Maidstone, Kent.) The DP4 microphone isis another win-win - ner—byner-by performance alone itit has ELPICO-GELOSO achieved world wide acclaim. It isis used B72/1110 CR O/D 40-12,000c/s40- 12,000c /s IMohmIMohm 7 77 00 B92/II10B92/1110 CR O/D 40-12,000c/s40- 12,000c /s IMohmIMohm II II1l 00 regularly byby P.A. engineers, broad- M51 CR O/D 60-I0.000c/s60- 10,000c /s IMohm1Mohm 55 55 00 M18 M/C Cc 60-14.000c/s60- 14,000c/s 250250 ohmsohms 10 1010 0o casting and television companies, (Waller)(lavalier) film studios, etc., as well as by many M19 M/C C 60-14,OOOc/s60- 14,000c/s 50,000 ohms 10 10 00 (lavalier)Oavalier) professional and amateur tape M23 M/CMC 60-14.60- 14,000c/s OOOc/s 50,000 ohms 9 9 0 M68 M/CM%C C 80-14,000c/s80- 14,000c/s 250250 ohmsohms 10 1010 0 recordists. Its winning qualities have M69 M/C C 80-14.000c/s80- 14,000c/s 50,000 ohms 10 1010 0 been designed and produced by (Manufactured by Lee Products (OB)(GB) Limited,Limited, 10-1810 -18 Clifton Street, London EC2.) Grampian—specialistsGrampian- specialists for over thirty years inin the field of sound equipment. FILM INDUSTRIES We shall be pleased toto send you full M7 M/C/C O/D 60-9,000c/s60-9,000c /s 2020 ohms 8 1515 0 M8 R COS 50-13,OOOc/s50- 13,000c/s Up loto 57,000 ohms 9 9 0 technical details of the DP4 and other (built-in(built -in trfr.)trfr.) MSAM8A R COS 50-l2.000c/s50- 12,000c/s Up toto 57,000 ohms 9 0 0 microphones, together with descrip- (Manufactured byby Film IndustriesIndustries Limited, 90 Belslze Lane,Lone, London NiV12.)NW 12.) tions of various accessories. Specially designed toto GRAMPIAN GR1/GR2 R COS 40-15,OOOc/s40-15,000c/s 25, 200, 600 and 10 10 0 use with thethe DP4, Inin 50,000 ohms order to cut down wind r/S, DP6 M/C O/D 200-15,OOOc/s200-15,000c/s 25, 200, 600 and 8 S5 0

GRUNDIG GDSM330 M/C (stereo) l50-I5.000c/s150- 15,000c /s 200 ohms or Prices lOOKohms100Kohms not GDM312 —- O/D 150-150-15,000c/s 15,000c/s 200200 ohms or quoted lOOKohms100Kohms (jrampiaJ GDM302 — — 150-11,OOOc/sI50 -I 1,000c/s 4,000 ohms (Manufactured by Grundig (Gt Britain) Limited, NewhndsNewiands Park, London.London, SE26.)

Grampian Reproducers Ltd., HAMMOND Grampian MM-100 -100 Condenser O/D 30-20,000c/s30-20,000c /s 6060 ohms 3030 9 00 Hanworth Trading Estate, Feltham.Feitham, Middlesex. (mono) MM-100 -100 Condenser O/D 30-30-20,000c/s 20,000c /s 6060 ohms 51 99 0 (stereo) (Manufactured by C. E. Hammond & Co. Limited, 90 High Street, Eton, Berks.) Continued overleaf 2525

www.americanradiohistory.com AIR MICROPHONE OIRECIORVDIRECTORY

Continued fromfrom page 25

Make Type Polar FrequencyFrequency Impedance Price Make Type Polar Frequency ImpedanceImpedance Price Response Response Response Response £ ss d £ ss LUSTRAPHONE RESLO ContinuedContinued DI59BS M/C O/D 150-14,000c/sl50-I4,000c/s Low 600600 ohmsohms 15 15 0 SRI R COS 30-20.000c/s30- 20,000c /s 30/50 or 300300 ohms 27 0 0 and High RL1RLI R C 100-16,OOOc/s100- 16,000c /s 30/50 or 300/600 15 0 0 LFV59 M/C O/D 150-14,000c/sI50-I4,000c/s Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 9 19 6 (neck mic) ohms High PD M/C O/D 50-50-15.000c/s 15,000c /s Various II11 10 0 LVF/H59 M/C O/D 150-14,OOOc/s150-14,000c/5 Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 9 9 0 MPD M/C O/D 50-50-15,OOOc/s I5,000c /s 3030-50 -50 ohms 10 0 0 High CHM1CHMI CR O/D 50-50-7,OOOc/s 7,000c /s SMohms 3 5 0 LP62 Electro- O/DO/D (lapel(lapel — 3030 or 1,0001,000 ohms 4 14 6 (Manufactured by Reslosound Limited, Spring Gardens, Romford, Essex.) magnetic mic) - LV59 M/C O/D (neck 150-14,OOOc/s150-14,000c/s Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 9 16 6 mic) High SENNHEISER LD66 M/C O/D 70-12,OOOc/s70-I2,000c/s Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 5 5 0 MD421NMD42I N Dynamic C 30-17,000c/s30-l7.000c/s 200 ohms 31 12 6 (neck mic) High MD42IHLMD421HL Dynamic C 30-17,000c/s30-l7.000c/s 200 ohms or 32 10 0 LD61 M/C O/D 70-12,OOOc/s70-12,000c/8 Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 4 4 0 24,000 ohms High MD4I1MD411/HLMDynamic /HLMDynamic CC 50-12.000c/s50- 12,000c /s 200,800200, 800 or 13 9 0 C48 M/C O/D 50-8,000c/sS0-8,000c/s 2020 ohmsohms 7 7 0 25,000 ohms C51 M/C O/D 50-8.000c/s50-8,000c/s Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 6 6 0 MD408/NMD408 /N Dynamic C I00-l4.000c/s100- 14,000c /s 200 ohmsohms 1919 2 0 High MD2I/NMD2I /N Dynamic O/D 40-17.00c/s40- 17,00c/s 200 ohms 22 3 6 VVR64 R64 R COS - Low 600600 ohmsohms andand 8 18 6 MD21/HLMD2I /HL Dynamic O/D 40-17.000c/s40- 17,000c /s 200 or 30,000 ohms 22 15 0 High MD2II/NMD2II Dynamic O/D0/D 40-20,OOOc/s40-20,000c /s 200 ohmsohms 35 15 0 VR70LVR7OL R COS 50-14,OOOc/s50-14,000c/s Low andand 600600 ohmsohms 7 1717 6 MD2I4/N//NN Dynamic (Lavalier)(Lavalier) 200 ohms 29 1717 0 (neck mic) High MD4/N4 Dynamic (Noise 50-10,OOOc/s50- 10,000c /s 200 ohms 18 15 0 OS Low 600 ohms and 11 VR53 RR COS — HiohLow 600 ohms and 11 IlII 0 Cancelling) nignH' MD4/NTMD4/NT (as above with switch) —- 20 19 0 VR/65NS R (stereo) COSCOS 50-13,000c/s50-13,OOOc/s 300 ohms 17 17 0 MDS/I/NMDS/1/N Stereo 70-l5.000c/s70- 15,000c /s 200 ohms 26 5 0 TH59/SB M/C O/D I50-I4.000C/S150-I4,000c/s — 10 10 0 MD60I/HNMD601 /HN Dynamic O/D IOO-IO.OOOC/S100- I0000c /s 200 or 50,000 ohms 4 15 0 VC52/THSBVC52(THSB M/C O/D 2525 ohms 10IO 10 0 MM23 Dynamic (Min. lapel400-lapel 400-4,000c/s 4,100c/s 2,000 ohms 5 15 0 (Anti-(Anti- mic) noise) MM6IMM61 Dynamic (Fountain 400-t,OOOc/s400-4,000c /s 2,000 ohmsohms 5 19 0 LTD/59 M/C O/D 70-14,000c/s70-14,OOOc/s Low 600600 ohms and 9 1919 6 pen mic) High MM30IMM301 Dynamic (Module 500-5.000c/s500-5,000c /s 4,500 ohms 44 22 0 DH59HB M/C O/D 70-14,000c/s70-l4,000c/s Low 600600 ohms and 10 10 0 only) High (Manufactured(Manufactured byby Audio Engineering Limited, 33 Endell Street, London WC2.) (Manufactured byby LustraphoncLustraphone Limited,Limited, St George's Works,(Forks, Regent's Park Road, LondonLondon NW l.) SHURE SSS55S R-M/CR-M/C C 50-15.000c/s50- 15,000c /s 50.50, 250 and High 27 13 4 PEARL 430F Mag O/D 60-60-10.000 10,000 c/s Low andand High 13 0 0 245 CER 50-7000c LDI8/19LD18/19 D O/D 80-l8,000c/s80- 18,000c /s 200 ohms 14 6 00 245 CER C 50-7000c/s/s High III 13 4 545 M/C C 50-15.000c/s50-IS 000c /s 50 ohms and High 38 66 8 or High (Manufactured RDI6/I7RD16/17 D C 50-18,OOOc/s50- 18,000c /s MWohms200 ohms 14 10 0 (Manufactured by ShareShure Electronics Limited, 84 Blackfriars Road, London SEI.) or High RD34/35 D CC 30-20.00c/s30- 20,00c/s 200200 ohmsohms 15 15 00 STC or High 1717 10 00 4021 M/C 16 10 0 ((Distributed Distributed byby C. E.E. Hammond'& Co. Limited, 9090 HighHigh Street,Street, Eton, Berks.)Berit.) M/C O/D/D 30-15,000c/s 30 ohms 16 10 0 4033 R-M/CM/C CCC 30-l0,000c/s30- 10,000c /s 30 ohms 54 00 0 4035 M/C O/D 40-40-10.000c/s 10,000c /s 3030 ohms 16 10 0 4037 M/C COS 30-15.OOOc/s30- 15,000c /s 3030 ohms 22 0 0 PETO-SCOTTPETO -SCOTT 4038 R COS 30-30-15.OOOc/s 15,000c /s 30 and 300 ohms 50 0 0 EL606I/02EL6061/02 Noise —- — 500 ohms 7 15 0 4105 M/C C 60-10,OOOc/s60- I0,000c /s 30 ohms 22 10 0 cancelling 4106 M/C C 36-30-IS.000c/s 15,000c /s 30 ohms 4949 10 0 Public 41124112 M/C O/D 50-50-l2,000c/s 12,000c /s 30 ohms 21 0 0 Address (neck mic) EL6I50EL6150 CondenserCondense r C 30-18,OOOc/s30- 18,000c /s 5050 or 200 ohms 4113/B R C 60-60-12,000c/s 12,000c /s 30 ohms IIIl 11II 0 EL604IEL6041 M/C C — 200200 ohms 54 0 0 4115 R —, 70-70-10,OOOc/s I0,000c /s 30 or 300 ohms 28 0 0 EL602IEL6021 M/C O/D 60-15,000c/s60- 15,000c /s 50,500 or 2.0002,000 ohmsohms 7 15 0 (anti-noise)(anti-noise) EL60I4EL6014 M/C O/D —- 500 or 25,000 ohmsohms 9 0 0 4119 R C 50-20,OOOc/s50- 20,000c /s 50,000 ohms 26 0 0 M/C (neck mic) 150-20,000c/s 50 or 25,000 10 0 0 HT104SET1045 M/C (neck mic) 150-20,OOOc/s 50 or 25,000 ohms 10 0 0 41411A I A M/C O/D IOO-S.OOOC/S100- 8,000c/s 250 ohmsohms 1 0 0 EL603IEL6031 M/C C — 500 or 25,000 ohmsohms 17 0 0 C - 17 0 0 411B M/C O/D 100-8,OOOc/s100- 8,000c/s 80,000 ohms 1 2 6 EL6033 M/C C or O/D —-■ 500 ohmsohms 24 0 0 (Manufactured byby Standard Telephones and Cables Limited, MarHarlow, low, Essex.) (Manufactured(Manufactured byby Peto Scott Limited, AddlesAddlestone tone Road,Road, Weybridge, Surrey.)Surrey.) TELEFUNKEN PHILIPS TD25 M/C C 50-l8,000c/s50-18,000c/s 800 ohms 5 5 0 EL3750/00 M/C C 150-10,OOOc/s150- 10,000c /s 25,000 ohmsohms 5 00 0 TD20 M/CM%C O/D 800800 ohms 3 3 0 EL3753/00 C/R O/D 100-8,OOOc/s100- 8,000c/s High 3 66 0 TDII M/C C 80-l4.000c/s80-14,000c/s 200200 or 50,000 9 9 0 EL3755/00 M/C C 150-I50-l0,000c/s 10,000c /s 500500 ohms 33 10 0 ohms EL3756/00 M/C O/D 200-200-10.000c/s 10,000c /s 500500 ohmsohms 3 10 0 TDI9 M/C 40-l6.000c/s40- 16,000c /s 200 ohms 22 10 0 EL6021 M/C O/D 60-60-15,OOOc/s 15,000c /s 50,50050,500 and TD300 (for M300/301 tapetape recorders only) 12 10 0 10,000 ohms 14 0 0 (Manufactured by AEG (GB) Limited, 27 Chancery Lane, LondonLondon H'C2.)WC2.) EL6031 M/C C 70-l5.000c/s70- 15,000c /s 50 or 25,00025,000 ohms 1919 00 0 EL6040 M/C O/D 60-60-20.000c/s 20,000c /s 50,500 oror 25,00025,000 ohmsohms 27 00 0 EL3752/00EL3752/00 M/C C — 25,000 ohmsohms 10 10 0 TRIXTR1X (stereo)(stereo) G7854 M/C O/D 50-IO.OOOc/s50- 10,000c /s 3030 ohmsohms 8 2 0 EL3782/00 M/C c 150-10,OOOc/s150-10,000c/s 500500 ohmsohms 5 0 G787I/DG7871/D M/C O/D 50-8,OOOc/s50- 8,000c/s 3030 ohmsohms 7 15IS 0 EEL3784 L3784 M/C cC 150-10,000c/sI50-I0,000c/s 500500 ohmsohms 10 10 0 G7852/F RR-M/C -M/C —- 50-10,OOOc/s50- 10,000c /s 3030 ohms 9 2 0 / G7823 R COS 50- 12,000c /s 30 (stereo) G7823 R COS 50-12,OOOc/s 30 ohms Prices on EL1045ELI 045 (M/CM/C O/D 80-12,OOOc/s80-12,000c/s 5050 ohms 1515 00 0 07871G787I M/C O/D 50-8.000c/s50- 8,000c /s —- application EK3757/00EK37S7/00 M/C C 150-I0,000c/sISO-10,OOOc/s 500500 ohmsohms 1010 1010 0 (Manufactured byby Trix Electronics Limited, c/o Ultra Electronics Ltd, Western AAvenue, venue. (stereo)vSiereoj( C f Q fOwY London W3.) EL3790/00 M/C O/D 50-10,OOOc/s50- 10,000c /s 500500 ohmsohms 33 1010 0 EL3797/00 M/C O/D I50-10,000c/s150- 10,000c /s 500 ohmsohms 4 55 0 EL7500/00 CER O/D (mic kit forfor 200, 500500 oror High 7 7 0 CODE USED IN MICROPHONE DIRECTORY home assembly) CR Crystal M/C Moving Coil (Manufactured by PhilipsPhilips Electrical Limited,Limited, CenturyCentury House.House, Shaftesbury Avenue,Avenue, CER Ceramic R-M/CR -M /C Ribbon-movingRibbon -moving coil London WCI.) MAG Magnetic O/D Omni-directionalOmni -directional D Dynamic C Cardioid R Ribbon COS Cosine (figure-of-eight)(figure-of- eight) RESLO listed are RBT R COS 40-I6.000c/s40-I6,000c/s Various II11 0 0 NOTE:NOTE; Many of the microphones listed are available with alternative impedances CR2 RR C 40-16,OOOc/s40-I6,000c/s Various II1I 1010 0 andand/or /or stands,stands, etc, at different prices. Readers areare advised to write toto thethe manufacturers _ PR R COS 50-16,OOOc/s50-16,000c/s Various 9 0 0 for brochures ifif alternative impedances, microphone stands,stands, matching transformerstransformers and are 26 VRT R COS 30-I6.000c/s30-16,000c/s Various 17 0 0 other accessories or fittings arc required.

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High-gradeHigh -grade components for amateur communications electroniques 27 66/SMG6615MG

www.americanradiohistory.com TAPETAPE RECORDERSRECORDERS IN m THE MAKINGMAKING

TANDDERG

12 The Editor visitsvisits a tapetape recorder factory in aa garden k Vebjorn Tandberg, founderfounder of TandbergTandberg A/S and 'father'`father' toto hishis employees.employees.

To mostmost of us TandbefgTandberg isis simply thethe name of a him since he beganbegan producing his first high-high - The factoryfactory itselfitself waswas designeddesigned by a leadingleading tape recorder sold in thethe UK throughthrough itsits quality radioradio sets.sets. Norwegian architect, Thorlief Jenson, but distributors, Tandberg (Elstone Electronics) Within almost minutes of settingsetting footfoot in Oslo Vebjorn TandbergTandberg had decided that hishis em- Ltd of Leeds. In KjelsSs,Kjelsas, on the outskirts ofof I began to experience thethe warmwarm hospitality ployees needed more thanthan justjust aa modemmodern Oslo, Tandberg isis thought ofof as aa largelarge family, that Norwegians cancan impart.impart. BeforeBefore. my visit factory in which toto work; theythey must have very large inin fact - forfor there are over one thous-thous- toto thethe factoryfactory atat Kjelsas 1I waswas toto be shownshown pleasant surroundingssurroundings and an inspiringinspiring out-out- and members dedicateddedicated to 'father'`father' Vebjorn some of the highlights of Oslo, the beautiful look too. During thethe tour of thethe factory and Tandberg who founded thethe companycompany over 30 surrounding countryside and, of course, thethe the gardens I was shown the Huldra, aa legend-legend- years ago inin aa smallsmall back roomroom in Oslo. famous Oslo fjord. It had allall been arranged. ary NorwegianNorwegian figurefigure beyondbeyond the reachreach of Today Tandberg's Radiofabrikk A/S (the The Oslo ski jump,jump, the televisiontelevision tower on mortal beings,beings, but whichwhich representsrepresents toto themthem a official name of thethe company) is aa foundationfoundation the hilltop justjust outside thethe city,city, thethe Kon Tiki symbol of perfection and quality. On thisthis isis controlled by four responsibleresponsible employees ofof raft, the Viking ships, a trip on the fjord byby based thethe Tandberg policypolicy of absoluteabsolute quality the company but who areare guided by thethe ex- thethe Hydrofoil andand naturally thethe superbsuperb in all theythey produceproduce and thatthat isis why thethe Huldra perienced hand of Vebjorn TandbergTandberg himself. Norwegian food.food. Time enough forfor the factory is thethe Tandberg trademark.trademark. One of thethe finest No labour problem here,here, no tradetrade unions, tomorrow I was told. Who couldcould refuse? sculptors inin Norway was commissioned to justjust one large contentedcontented familyfamily with one aimaim create thethe statue which standsstands inin thethe gardensgardens in mind -- to produceproduce high-qualityhigh -quality tape re- The Factory inin aa Garden surrounding the factoryfactory (see photosphotos andand frontfront corders, television and radio receivers andand hi- This isis the best way II cancan describe mymy first cover). fifi equipment to a standard set by Vebjorn impressionimpression of thethe TandbergTandberg factory, inin itsits Tandberg himself and the experienceexperience of senior beautiful settingsetting beside a small lake, surrounded Quality -- thethe Tandberg Watchword engineers, most of whomwhom have worked with by the tree-coveredtree -covered hills soso typicaltypical of Norway.Norway. From the firstfirst stages of design rightright through

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The Huldra -- a Norwegian symbolsymbol of beautybeauty The mainmain assembly hall at the KjelsdsKjelsas factoryfactory where all Tandberg tapetape recorders are designeddesigned and and perfection and thethe hallmark of Tandberg produced. 28 products.

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One ofof thethe quality controlcontrol laboratorieslaboratories where extensiveextensive teststests are carried outout onon productionproduction models.models. Every component in a Tandberg tape recorderrecorder isis inspectedinspected andand checkedchecked before use. Photo showsshows tape spoolspool hubs being checkedchecked for accuracy. toto thethe finishedfinished product 'quality'`quality' is the pre-pre- dominant factor. No materialsmaterials oror components T can be usedused unless theythey have satisfiedsatisfied thethe qualityquality & control department. No productproduct ofof Tandberg cart be releasedreleased until Quality ControlControl areare com-com- *r> pletely satisfiedsatisfied with designdesign performance and performance and 4« appearance. An entireentire production department ft can bebe instantlyinstantly broughtbrought to aa halt by QCQC should some weakness inin designdesign oror aa compo- nent bebe discovered. 1 Tandberg make very fewfew individualindividual compo- nents forfor their tapetape recordersrecorders andand can there-there- forefore concentrate onon design,design, researchresearch productionproduction and testing.testing. At every stage of production,production, spot checks are carriedcarried outout by thethe quality control tft department. Even tapetape recorders already tested andand packed for despatch can be seized by the QC engineers andand subjected to a detailed laboratory check should they havehave the slightest suspicion of a probable electrical A final stage inin assembly before the deck cover Every Tandberg tape recorder isis put through a or mechanical failure. I was, toto saysay the least,least, is fitted. measurement and inspectioninspection routine. quite fascinated by this almost obsessive prac- tice of checkcheck and double check,check, which I might add has rubbed off on thethe UK distributors of Tandberg tapetape recorders. On arrivalarrival in England every machine undergoes yet another Performance - Second to None Leeds and to Mr Brodtkorb, the chief engineer complete performance test by Tandberg-trainedTandberg -trained The Tandberg policy is to manufacture the of Tandberg A/S, and his colleagues, Mr engineers before being releasedreleased to the dealers. kind of top-qualitytop -quality product they thinkthink you JachwitzJachwitz and Mr Speten, who made my trip to ought to have, and this isis well and truly reflected Oslo an experience both pleasant and inter- in all Tandberg tape recorders as well as their esting. TV and radio receivers.receivers. A longlong talk on techni- calitiescalities with two of their senior engineers left me in no doubt thatthat they really do know what is required of a tapetape recorder designed for the 1,urnr T enthusiast.enthusiast. II was more than justjust intrigued by o* the specificationspecification of thethe current Tandberg ■ * * 0 o Model 12, for instance.instance. This isis one of the very M few tape recorders with a signal to noise ratio e+ ÿ .e a signal to noise ratio of —- 58dB58dB andand a distortion factor at lessless than V 55% % fromfrom a fully recorded signal. Tandberg are well aware that such a performance is necessary to meet the standard required for high fidelity reproduction and they say this isis what thethe owner of a hihi-fi -fi tape recorder must c have. From my own experience as the owner of a Tandberg Model 6 which is in constant p daily use, I can certainly verify the reliability and performance of Tandberg tape recorders. What I saw and heard at the factory in Oslo left no doubt as to the high quality of all their Sample testing.testing. Tape recorders taken at random quality of all their The latest model from Tandberg - thethe Model 12 by Quality Control are thoroughly analysed and products. (two-(two- or fourfour-track)-track) tape recorder with twin 10 checkedchecked out so as to maintain high standards of Finally, I would like to convey my thanks to watt output stages and a distortion factor ofef productionproduction and performance. the UK distributors, Elstone Electronics of better than 0.5%.0-5 %. 29

www.americanradiohistory.com move up to TândbergTandberg

SERIES 6 SERIES 9 LOUDSPEAKERS Semi professionalprofessional %"<■ High class monaural 3 Stereo/monoStereo /mono tapetape * speed (7f(7}, 31.31, U11 l.P.S.)I.P.S.) InIn handsome teak cabinets recorders with cathode tapetape recorders,recorders, with qualityquality specially designed forfor use followerfollower output. ThreeThree comparable to thethe famousfamous with Tandberg Tape speeds —- Three heads Stereo models. Extremely Recorders and Radios. -— Four amplifiers —- reliable machine Model 77 £23.8.6d. "Sound on Sound" etc. recommended torfor all home Length 201'.20?, height 101",10?, Model 64 4 tracktrack and educationaleducational purposes, depthdepth Si-9r° Model 62 22 tracktrack etc.etc. Model 92 2 tracktrack only Model 8 £31.13.6d. 110 gns.gns. each. (teak case) 69 gns. Length 27}'.271", height 131'.13ír depthdepth 11".11 ". SERIES 8 SERIES 12 Model 9 £13.14.1£13.14.11 Id. d. Length 14i",14r, height High class monaural High Fidelity Stereo Tape 101-,10r, depthdepth 91".9 ?. tape recorders suitablesuitable Record and PlayPlay Back Model 10 £14.4.2d. Length 74".7e. height for home, business,business. System. Two 10 watt Power 994", ?. depth 94".9 ?. education, photo Amplifiers with Bars and sound, etc. (3}{3S andand 1J)1$) Treble Controls. Three 0 I.P.S. speeds reels. l.P.S. speeds—7"-7" reels. speeds —- Two elliptical HULDRA RADIO Model 823 2 track Speakers Pre -amp Speakers -— Pre-amp Two 10 watt stereo amplifiersamplifiers and (teak case) 54 gns. FM /Multiplex (teak case) 54 gns. outlets. FM/Mulliplex outstanding radio performance. Model 824 2 track FiltersFillers for Stereo Radio Model 8-568 -56 (with 2 speakers) £122.8.5d. (portable with lid)lid) 57 gns. Model 843 4 track (teak Recordings. Model 88-55 -55 (without speakers) £106.9,1£106.9.1d. d. case)59 gns.gns. Model 844 4 trackfportabletrack(portable with lid)62gnslid)62 gns Model 12 4 Track Model 12 2 Track 105 gns.

Forfor further information please write stating models you are interested in to:-to:-

Elstone Electronics Limited, 81 Kirkstall Road, Leeds 3. TIaìTilll4ll»4M*«| Telephone: Leeds 33-5111 -5111 (7 lines) 30 nil bcrij

www.americanradiohistory.com minute tape.tape, VisitVisit toto Italy,Italy, a traveloguetravelogue inin soundsound and bellbell contestcontest inin whichwhich teamteam membersmembers hadhad to basedbased onon livelive recordingsrecordings made withwith aa Philips spotspot thethe deliberatedeliberate mistakesmistakes inin the playbackplayback of cassette portable whilewhile onon his holiday thisthis year. certain items.items. Nicholas Potter described and demonstrateddemonstrated hishis own-builtown -built recorderrecorder consistingconsisting mainly of aa CollaroCollaro deck andand MartinMartin kitkit amplifier.amplifier. For thethe benefitbenefit of READING new membersmembers chairmanchairman Ernest FlecknoeFlecknoe gavegave a TheThe 1966/671966/67 season of thethe Reading CineCine andand TRS demonstrationdemonstration onon thethe useuse of a splicersplicer toto make openedopened with aa programmeprogramme entitledentitled The YearYear inin noiseless jointsjoints inin tape.tape. AnotherAnother interestinginteresting pro-pro- Retrospect, consistingconsisting of tapes,tapes, slidesslides and filmsfilms grammegramme waswas provided recentlyrecently by Derek Hill. It mademade by membersmembers whowho had wonwon major awardsawards includedincluded aa selectionselection of recordingsrecordings ofof his daughterdaughter during thethe year. A largelarge audienceaudience includingincluding many Susan, rangingranging fromfrom thethe ageage ofof 1818 months toto 88 new members hadhad thethe opportunity ofof hearing years,years, showingshowing thethe gradualgradual developmentdevelopment of her Doug Noycs'sNoyes's unique tapetape My Friend whichwhich wonwon speechspeech andand ideas.ideas. him lastlast year's Grosvenor Cup.Cup. AfterAfter thisthis pro-pro- gramme thethe chairmanchairman spotlightedspotlighted somesome of thethe interestinginteresting tape eveningsevenings forfor thethe coming year,year, DONCASTER which willwill includeinclude thethe Abbey Cup tapetape andand slideslide Colour slidesslides have beenbeen prominently featuredfeatured in showshow ofof thethe year.year, Microphone Art and a visit toto the recentrecent programmeprogramme ofof thethe DoncasterDoncaster andand thethe OxfordOxford Society. District TRC.TRC. OneOne meetingmeeting was concernedconcerned with the club'sclub's major project.project, Around London, andand on thisthis occasionoccasion thethe club'sclub's London member, Mr RUGBY JohnJohn Pound, aidedaided everyoneeveryone inin arranging the The themetheme of a recentrecent meeting ofof thethe Rugby TRS The ChristmasChristmas month isis aa veryvery busy one forfor sequencesequence soso thatthat thethe programmeprogramme appearedappeared as a was Unusual and Unorthodox Recordings. Gordon everyoneeveryone and we onon ATR are no exception. AsAs complete tourtour ofof London.London. At thethe nextnext slide show Routh acted asas comperecompère toto thethe programme, and youyou cancan sec,see, therethere isis soso muchmuch interestinginteresting materialmaterial John Pound providedprovided an interestinginteresting programme commenced with one of his recordingsrecordings - forfor allall our readers thisthis monthmonth thatthat we havehave had of hishis recentrecent holidayholiday inin Austria, while the thirdthird aa humorous mock radio programme dealing to economizeeconomize on spacespace for thethe ClubClub NewsNews feature.feature. slideslide itemitem featuredfeatured aa locallocal tractiontraction engineengine rallyrally with the futilityfutility of nuclearnuclear war.war. Frank HopcraftHoperaft We are suresure thatthat youyou won't mind justjust this onceonce which had beenbeen wellwell attendedattended byby clubclub members. presented a Christmas tapetape sentsent by aa relation sharingsharing thethe extraextra space withwith other readers.readers. 1I hope stationed inin Malaya,Malaya, while JackJack Willis played a youyou all have a very happy andand busybusy Christmas, portion of a talk given toto a pastpast convention of recording andand enjoyingenjoying thethe Christmas fairs,fairs, carol LEEDS TR clubsclubs sponsoredsponsored by thethe societysociety wherewhere thethe concerts, parliesparties andand special services.services. KC Members of thethe Leeds and District TRCTRC have speaker was BBC producer Charles Parker. alsoalso been traction engineengine rallying, with JasenJasen The first presentation ofof the Ron Barrett Memorial Atkinson, Bill Rowe.Rowe, Chris Eagle and JoeJoe Newby Trophy, presented by Mike BrownBrown inin memory of BRIGHTON his late colleague and club friend, will take place Members of thethe BrightonBrighton TRCTRC areare nownow inin contact allall recording.recording. Not surprisingly,surprisingly, they bumped into his late colleague and club friend, will take place a member of thethe Doncaster club,club, Ralph Broome. this month. The award isis toto be made quarterly for with thethe North Shore branch of thethe New ZealandZealand achievement, and the first award takes into account TRC and aa numbernumber of BritishBritish clubs throughthrough the Later thatthat week BillBill RoweRowe andand JohnJohn Newton diddid achievement, and the first award takes into account DanfordDartford "South'South Link".Link'. RecordingsRecordings ofof the Brighton theirtheir hospitalhospital broadcast, andand at midnight Bill the period from 8 September toto 11 December. speedspeed trials (always(always popular).popular), Isle ofof Man TT Rowe leftleft Leeds toto go toto Northern Ireland, the races, Farnborough '66'66 andand the Farewell to final destinationdestination being a work camp. Between digging andand layinglaying paths they visited thethe Giant's SOUTH DEVON Steam (The(The Royal Scotsman's journey toto Brighton) The highlight of recent news from the South have all Causeway, Glens of Antrim andand Mountains of have all beenbeen heard at thethe club. The latestlatest issueissue Devon TRC is that Tutli,Tutti, thethe club'sclub's officialofficial entryentry of Acoustic, thethe club's monthly newsletter, isis aa Mourne, andand recorded aa varietyvariety of sounds in- cluding locallocal IrishIrish folksongs.folksongs. in thethe BATR contest, gainedgained second prize in thethe particularly fullfull one,one, coveringcovering thethe details of the Groups section.section. Producers of TutliTutti were JoeJoe club's ownown recordingrecording contest andand featuring aa Pengelly, Peter Cox and John Penty. The club special articlearticle explainingexplaining the production of aa LEICESTER has won the BASF Shield andand £10 worth of tape.tape. special tapetape using equipment set upup in thethe club- The first major talk and demonstration of the room. Leicester TRC hashas had a full programme of The major talk and demonstration of the room. outside recordings including a conducted tourtour winter season was made by Mr R. Fisher of thethe of thethe railway stationstation andand adjacent goods yard. At electro-mechanicalelectro -mechanical division of STC. His talk BROMLEY the following clubclub night Dave Angrave gave a covered designdesign principles of microphones, thethe An invitationinvitation toto anyone living inin thethe Bromley stereo demonstration using twotwo FcrrographsFerrographs with different types of instrumentsinstruments and how theythey area to comecome to meetings of thethe Bromley TRC a single tapetape on thethe twist threaded between thethe react under various acoustic conditions. has been extended by thethe club's secretary, Miss two. On an outingouting toto the fire station, the local J. Rivett, who assures allall newcomersnewcomers a warm brigade describeddescribed all the appliances and very welcome to thethe club.club. Recent projects have in- kindly turnedturned out three engines, each with a THORNTON HEATH cluded the preparation and selectionselection ofof material totally different bellbell or siren.siren. A mock message Big news for members of the Thornton Heath TR for /.el'sLet's go Guiding for the Sidcup Girl Guides, a was passed through the control room for members club was Alan Brown's outright win in the competition entitledentitled A Day inin thethe LifeLife of aa Com-Com- to record and while inin thisthis room an actualactual alarm BATR contest with his masterly tape Macbeth. muter, preparation of material for a tapetape for thethe came throughthrough and a real turnout was followed Not surprisingly, thethe club devoted a whole evening blind and also for Dartford's Sound Link. later by aa report over the radio that the fire was to the playback of the winning tapes with Future meetings include a special New Year's under control. Macbeth as the highlight. This tape, which is an party and the club's AGM. The club meets at edited version of the one produced for his Duke St Mary's Church House, 61 College Road, of Edinburgh Gold Medal, features Alan in all Bromley, on thethe second and fourth Thursdays LONDON the parts. The witches' voices were simulated by each month at 7.30. The secretary'ssecretary's address is Following a special session at which members of the use of different size capstans toto add the re- The Old Thatch, The Glen, Farnborough Park, the London TRC put forwardforward ideas and sugges- quired quality to thethe voices. Kent. tionstions for a winter programme, the club committee An excellent number of entries was received for isis considering the introductionintroduction of some new the competition My Job. Alan Brown was again COVENTRY features into the programme. Recent items have in a winning mood and won first prize, followed A very welcome assignmentassignment for members of the includedincluded a talk by vice-presidentvice -president Richard Keen, closely by Morris Webb, with new member Mr Coventry TRC was the recordingrecording of thethe wedding aa BBC producer, entitled What Suits the Micro- Mitchell coming third.third. of Alison Stanley, daughter of the club's chairman, phone. A general get-gel-together together with friends and The club has now decided to investinvest some of its Cyril Stanley, at St George's Church inin Coventry. families for an evening of films (with sound, of accrued funds on a pair of Maxim speakers, so At a laterlater meeting, club member Mr G. Taylor course) is now onon the agenda. that thethe chore of taking a pair of speakers here entertained members with a tape slide show and therethere is ratherrather lighter! featuringfeaturing the Ruins of Pompeii and scenes of NORTH LONDON Paris. some time club members Paris. For some time club members have been Members of thethe North London Tape and HiHi-Fi -Fi WEST MIDDLESEX TRC recording English /Czech in books recording English/Czech in books on to tape Club were delighted to hear the Enfield Micro- A very interestinginteresting and instructive visit to the forfor a school in Czechoslovakia, under thethe Coventry to the phone featured inin a BBC programme InIn Touch Brentford Piano Museum was made by some 50 Committee for International Understanding. especially for blind people. Gordon Snell des- members of the West Middlesex club. Some Finally, the club has settled of the West Middlesex club. Some Finally, the club has settled itself into its new cribed the Enfield Microphone, playing short excellent tapes were made. (and(and much more convenient) clubroom, which is news items and interviews with Ron Goodwin, Other meetings included the club social, a visit thethe conference room at Tudor House, Spon Joe Collinson, Mr D. Parry, and Mr J. Dredge. Street, Coventry. by Frank Parrington of BASF, and a demonstra- Other items on thethe club programmeprogramme have in- tion by club chairman H. E. Saunders entitled cluded a further lecture by Ron and Den Goodwin 'Putting'Putting Sound to 8mm Cine'. DERBY covering volume and tone controls, and a recentrecent Further enquiries concerning the club should be At a recent meeting of the Derby TRC, Douglas quiz evening was a hilarious success. The second addressed to 20 Nightingale Road, Hampton, Flecknoe started the evening with Flecknoe started the evening off with his 15- part of the quiz was devoted to a twotwo-team -team buzzer Middlesex. 31

www.americanradiohistory.com 0ON NT TESI EST

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TTELLE 9flMEN UNKE N B -41 2204E m V» £ v.:

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Fig. 1.1. Top view of recorder.recorder.

So newnew isis the Telefunken 204E204E all-transistor,all- transistor, mono signalsignal which, for instance, maymay bebe the material being transferredtransferred from one tracktrack mains poweredpowered tapetape recorderrecorder toto thethe British required forfor dubbingdubbing onon to aa single track to thethe other and thethe new material.material. These posi-posi- market thatthat itsits instructioninstruction booklet has not of a mono-onlymono -only recorder.recorder. tions on the head switchswitch could proveprove of yet beenbeen printed inin English.English. That is,Is, at thethe This facilityfacility alsoalso makesmakes it possible to super-super- great useuse toto the realreal tape enthusiast. time of writingwriting thisthis test report;report; nono doubt byby impose twotwo separateseparate recordingsrecordings toto aa single the time this test is inin print thisthis 'problem''problem' tracktrack withwith far better qualityquality than muting the Duplicated Controls (to me.me, anywayanyway!) I) willwill be resolved.resolved. erase signal oror liftinglifting thethe tapetape clearclear of the Each stereo channelchannel has itsits ownown controls.controls. The 204E204E isis a fullyfully contained stereostereo model,model, erase head (as(as isis often practised)practised) andand thenthen These are playback loudness (i.e., volume),volume), meaning that inin addition toto its dualdual channelchannel superimposing on a tracktrack alreadyalready recorded. tone and recording level.level. There are also twotwo recordingrecording andand playback amplifiers,amplifiers, deckdeck Other head switch positions are track-2-to-track -2 -to- recording level meters ofof thethe side-deflectionside -deflection equipment andand so forth,forth, itit alsoalso featuresfeatures track-1 andand track-1-to-track-2.track-1 -to-track-2. These posi- type, not calibrated,calibrated, but with fullfull recordingrecording builtbuilt-in -in speakersspeakers lookinglooking outout fromfrom thethe left-left- tions make itit possible toto listenlisten toto the tracktrack level indicatedindicated by a mark on thethe scale,scale, which and right-handright -hand sidessides of thethe cabinetcabinet forfor re- which is being transferredtransferred while at the same is a demarcation between the blackblack (ordinary producing in situ thethe correspondingcorresponding A andand time recording newnew material. For instance,instance, inin recording level)level) and red (overload)(overload) zones. B stereostereo channels.channels. While thesethese inbuilt the 2/12/1 position, thethe material already recorded These meters are nicely damped and thusthus speakers are notnot intendedintended forfor serious high-high - on track 2 cancan be monitored inin the internalinternal easy to use. They areare prettypretty flat response-response - quality reproduction, theythey dodo givegive quitequite speaker (or inin headphones if required) while wise up toto about 5,000c/s5,000c/s but then there is a a a good accountaccount of themselves,themselves, inin spite ititis is actually being recorded on toto tracktrack 11 along distinct liftlift due, possibly toto trebletreble boosting of theirtheir relatively small size and absence with thethe newnew recording. The recording levellevel in thethe recording amplifiers. of specialized acoustic loadingloading inin thethe cabinet.cabinet. meter indicatesindicates thethe signalsignal level sum of both Other features includeinclude a three-digitthree -digit tapetape For the reproductionreproduction ofof stereostereo tapestapes thethe machine is best positioned inin thethe corner of a room so thatthat thethe adjacent walls can act as diffusers forfor thethe sounds emanating sidewayssideways fromfrom thethe cabinet.cabinet. Of course, for thethe best results a pair of good speaker systemssystems are called for,for, and thesethese cancan bebe connected toto thethe outletsoutlets onon the sockets panelpanel (see Fig. 1).

TwoTwo-speed -speed Four-trackFour -track The machine isis four-trackfour -track and two-speed,two -speed, Sfips3; ips and 7iips.if ips. Speed change isis accom- plished by a 'flick-over''flick -over' controlcontrol located at thethe top of thethe tapetape deck, between thethe twotwo spools,spools, and thisthis differs from most machines, as will be explainedexplained later. Head switching isis handled by a rotary controlcontrol knobknob positioned near to thethe head system. This controlcontrol switches inin heads A or B, givinggiving twotwo tracks,tracks, thethe two other tracks being picked up with the tapetape inverted,inverted, inin thethe usual way. There is also a 'stereo''stereo' position on this con- trol which switches thethe A and B channel heads toto the corresponding amplifiers. Another position puts the two head sections in parallel so thatthat recordings made on trackstracks 1 and 2 (or onon tracks 3 and 44 with the tape in-in- verted) cancan be heard superimposed on play-play- back. This position makes itit possible forfor a 32 stereo tape-recordtape- record to deliver a fully-fledgedfully- fledged Fig. 2. Showing belt-coupledbelt- coupled capstan, flywheelflywheel and heads.

www.americanradiohistory.com counter andand push-buttonpush- button typetype ofof pause con-con- trol-presstrol -press forfor pausepause andend thenthen presspress againagain for release.release. TheThe tapetape functionsfunctions are controlledcontrolled by fourfour push-buttons,push- buttons, givinggiving thethe twotwo fastfast winds, ordinary motionmotion andand recordrecord (red(red but-but- ton),ton), whichwhich mustmust bebe depressed with thethe ordin- ary motion buttonbutton toto securesecure thethe recordingrecording condition. However, itit isis possiblepossible toto presspress down and hold-onhold -on thethe redred recordingrecording buttonbutton without havinghaving toto depressdepress thethe ordinaryordinary motionmotion button. ThisThis allows thethe recordingrecording levellevel con-con- trols,trols, etc., toto bebe setset upup correctly andand balanced before bringingbringing thethe tape intointo motion. When recording,recording, thethe playback volumevolume con- trolstrols cancan bebe advancedadvanced toto bringbring thethe signal intointo thethe internal speakers forfor monitoring purposespurposes or intointo headphones.headphones. CareCare hashas toto be takentaken over thisthis exercise, ofof course,course, toto avoid acous-acous- ticaltical feedback fromfrom thethe speakersspeakers intointo thethe microphones, ifif such are being usedused toto pro-pro- vide thethe recordingrecording signal.signal. DIN sockets areare used throughout,throughout, as .wouldwould be expected.expected. A rowrow of six socketssockets onon a socket panel atat thethe toptop right-handright -hand cornercorner of.theof the tapetape deck providesprovides radio,radio, pick-up,pick -up, headphonesheadphones mono and stereostereo andand leftleft andand right externalexternal speaker outlets.outlets. A pairpair ofof sockets near toto thethe head switchswitch accommodates left and right-right - hand microphones.microphones. Each channelchannel alsoalso hashas a Fig. 3.3. Showing the drive system. switch between microphonemicrophone and radio, per-per- mitting immediateimmediate changeover,changeover, sincesince therethere Overall Frequency Response meter varied over thethe spectrum with aa con-con- are no faderfader controlscontrols oror mixers.mixers. TheThe tapetape deckdeck The overalloverall record/playbackrecord /playback frequencyfrequency res- stant inputinput signal.signal. This signifies thethe presencepresence is 'de-programmed''de- programmed' by a stop-bar,stop -bar, while thethe ponse was checked byby recording sine-wavesine -wave of treble-boosttreble -boost on thethe recording channel, machine asas a wholewhole isis switchedswitched onon and off by signals onon aa new tapetape at frequencyfrequency intervals within influenceinfluence of thethe recording levellevel meter, a press button. between 20c/s20c /s andand 20.000c/s.20,000c /s, withwith the re- and this startsstarts rising where the overalloverall The recorderrecorder as a whole isis very well mademade and cording levellevel meter indicatingindicating approximatelyapproximately response startsstarts falling,falling, which isis quitequite logical.logical. the design is good,good. itIt has much inin commoncommon —-6dB 6dB belowbelow fullfull recordingrecording level atat 1,000c/s.1,000c /s. The response is very good it beingbeing within with the mono recorder,recorder, Model 201,201, reviewedreviewed The input signalsignal waswas applied toto thethe micro-micro- a little over 3dB3dB fromfrom 40c40c/s /s toto about 18.000c/s18,000c /s in thethe June 19661966 issueissue of ATR. The sub-sub- phone Inputinput andand teststests were made toto ensure at aa tape velocity of 7iips.74- ips. Note, however, stantial flywheel capstan can be seenseen in thatthat thethe levellevel was constant at the imput at all that thethe output is in terms of voltage changes Fig. 2,2, which alsoalso shows thethe head system. frequenciesfrequencies recorded. TheThe sine-wavesine -wave signals across the load, and these are translatedtranslated toto The flywheelflywheel capstan isis belt-drivenbelt- driven fromfrom thethe so recordedrecorded were thenthen played back andand thethe decibels. Both A and B channels were motor, viavia speed-changespeed- change gearinggearing (also(also belt-belt - output levellevel monitored on a frequency-frequency - checked in this manner, and there was no drive). The speed-changespeed- change isis rather amazing corrected valve voltmeter acrossacross thethe loud- significant difference between them.them. inin thatthat when the speed-changespeed- change leverlever isis flickedflicked speaker socket loaded withwith a 4 ohm wire-wire - over a belt jumpsjumps intointo two different sets of wound resistor.resistor. An oscilloscope was also Power Output pulleys, givinggiving thethe different coupling ratios. connected across thethe loadload to check waveform The fullfull powerpower output of the playback ampli- The action isis incrediblyincredibly accurate, yet on the The full-linefull -line curvecurve inin Fig. 4 depicts the overall fier was checked up to sine-wavesine -wave clipping face of it would appear toto be impossible!impossible! response curve derived as explained above point at 1,000c1,000c/s /s with thethe Inputinput signalsignal applied

But much as II triedtried toto fault it,it, thethe belt justjust the output voltage across 4 ohms at 1,000cI.OOOc/s /s to the microphone input and with the output would not jumpjump out ofof itsits pulleys. Some of thethe corresponding toto 2-252.25 watts of audio. The takentaken from across a 4 ohm wire-woundwire -wound belt-drivebelt -drive mechanics are shownshown inin Fig. 3. broken-linebroken -line curvecurve onon the same diagramdiagram gives resistiveresistive load connectedconnected across the corres-corres- Braking andand spooling works extremelyextremely well,well, an indication ofof how thethe recordingrecording levellevel ponding external loudspeakerloudspeaker socket. The and thethe only comment on the drivedrive system isis 20 the ratherrather high noise level;level; butbut thisthis appeared on thethe testtest sample to be coming from thethe motor-possiblymotor - possibly duedue toto slight unbalance inin 15 thethe bearings in thisthis example. Not sufficient Tape S[ )e ?c 1 to be detracting, though.though. 10 U) 7f I.f IS. W) + Circuit Features pm 5 The circuitcircuit is builtbuilt upon printed circuit UuiVw oeOm n0 boards, therethere being aa board cateringcatering forfor thethe (JU 0 w / A and BB channelchannel audio output (playback)(playback) Nl/l UJa stages, each consistingconsisting ofof aa driver transistortransistor \ O 1 5 transformer-coupledtransformer -coupled to the pair of push-push - pull output transistorstransistors in transformer-lesstransformer -less V X— connection with thethe internal loudspeaker.loudspeaker. 10 / \ Each channel has five transistors inin its re- cording amplifier andand early playback stages. 15 These account forfor sixteen transistors, and there are two more, includingincluding thethe hf oscil- 20 100 1000 'GKc 20Kc lator, making a totaltotal of eighteen in all. frequency c/s.c /s. 100 1000 IOKC reference -1.000c/s-1.000 c/s =-od odB B =3 V " 2-2 5 W The transistor supply voltagevoltage isis obtained V = 2.2 5 W from a bridge rectifier system, fed from a low-low - OverallOverall record/playbackrecord /playback (constant (constant input input voltage)voltage) voltage winding on anan isolated-windingisolated- winding mains transformer. The drive motor is fedfed RecordingRecording level level indicator(constantindicator(constant input input voltage).voltage). direct from thethe mains supply,supply, viavia the recor-recor- Fig. 4. Overall frequencyfrequency response curves. der's main onon/off /off switch. 33

www.americanradiohistory.com continued fromfrom page 33 output waswas justjust approachingapproaching thethe clippingclipping point which,which, incidentally,incidentally, waswas symmetrical, when thethe voltage acrossacross the loadload was 4-54.5 rms.rms. This correspondscorresponds toto anan audioaudio power ofof a littlelittle over 4-54.5 watts.watts. The fullfull powerpower onon tapetape play-play- HETHE THINGS!RINGS VOUYOU SAY back, of aa 1,000c/s1,000c /s sine-wavesine -wave recording,recording, waswas 5 voltsvolts rmsrms across 44 ohms,ohms, oror aa littlelittle overover 6 watts. ThisThis wouldwould implyimply thatthat thethe inputinput stagesstages were clippingclipping when thethe signal was applied direct toto thethe microphonemicrophone input.input. The distortiondistortion waswas notnot particularlyparticularly lowlow to-to- Service after Sales (?)( ?) issue of ATRATR October. TheThe inclusion of aa wards fullfull outputoutput fromfrom thethe speakerspeaker outlets,outlets, After readingreading some ofof youryour readers' experiences Hi-FiHi -Fi supplement isis a worthy addition.addition. ItIt as would be expected with the naturenature of thethe in The Things you Say regardingregarding service, would seemseem thatthat thethe future rolerole of the tapetape playback circuit employed.employed. Extremely good II shouldshould likelike to tell you mine. II purchased a recorder willwill be even closer integrationintegration with quality, however,however, was obtained byby runningrunning at Ferguson TapeTape Recorder type 3218 on 24 JuneJune Hi-FiHi-Fi than at present and that tapetape recorders about half-powerhalf -power with twotwo reasonably sensi- fromfrom NusoundNusound ofof Lewisham, and after a fewfew will become static and fitted intointo the furnish- tive externalexternal speakers.speakers. TheThe Jordan Watts teething troublestroubles it is now inin satisfactory ingsings of the househouse or quite smallsmall and movable Juno, using thethe well-knownwell -known modularmodular hi-fihi -fi condition. At aboutabout thethe samesame timetime I made an such as a transistor radio. II thinkthink thatthat those speaker unitunit inin ?nan infinite-baffleinfinite -baffle enclosure, enquiry to the technicaltechnical department of Nu- who recordrecord and listenlisten inin thethe home will become worked veryvery well in this role.role. About 33 watts sound LimitedLimited andand receivedreceived aa prompt and very even more separated fromfrom thethe present smaltsmall on twotwo stereostereo channels (6(6 watts mono)mono) isis a satisfactory reply.reply. band of 'up`up and doing' outdoor recordists. reasonablereasonable domesticdomestic power withwith aa good At thethe beginning of JulyJuly I ordered an extension (Mr D.D..1. J. Shaw continued hishis letterletter with a few speaker system. ItIt waswas also found thatthat thethe microphone leadlead from Ferguson listedlisted by them technical queries.) 'monitor''monitor' output signal,signal, priorprior toto thethe power as a standardstandard item inin theirtheir accessoryaccessory list,list, and Tiverton, Devon D. J.J. Shaw amplifier stages inin thethe playback channel,channel, inin spitespite of itit being ordered twicetwice over by thethe could bebe fedfed into a hi-fihi -fi amplifier system for Manager ofof NusoundNusound Limited itit has not yet In Praise of Tape Recording even betterbetter results.results. turnedturned up. I also wrote to the makers about I havehave a friend who has been blind sincesince a very The machinemachine isis pleasantlypleasantly housedhoused inin a twotwo weeksweeks ago andand theythey did not eveneven bother early ageage and he uses a tapetape recorder and radioradio walnut-finishedwalnut -finished cabinet withwith aa fold-downfold -down toto reply.reply. II must admit thatthat thisthis isis thethe first time (being a radio ham) for most of his communi- handle (large(large one) on the front toto assist over a longlong period thatthat II have personallypersonally metmet cations. About a yearyear agoago he had to leaveleave transportation, while a clip-onclip -on plasticplastic toptop thisthis sortsort of thingthing and I don't like it.it. Glasgow toto go toto Leeds University to studystudy embraces thethe whole of the top deck when thethe London SE12.SE12. for a degree. As none of thethe textbooks forfor machine isis inactive. The approximateapproximate cabinet H. G. WesfonWeston his subject was availableavailable inin Braille, he had toto dimensions are height 7i74 inches,inches, width 18^184 depend on other students readingreading to him.him. As inchesinches andand depthdepth 14 inches.inches. Sound Hunting the course progressed thisthis was not possible, This is thethe kind ofof machinemachine thatthat would please Re: your Editorial CommentComment Sound Hunting but on thethe adviceadvice of a friend he contactedcontacted thethe anyone changingchanging over fromfrom ordinaryordinary domesticdomestic (October /ITTt).ATR). Governor of Blundeson Prison for permissionpermission mono toto stereo. The machine isis easyeasy toto oper- (A) Yes, II for one would be interested.interested. to send his tapes and textbooks.textbooks. The Governor ate andand works quitequite well.well. ItIt may also suit (B) One day only.only. was able to get suitable inmates to recordrecord all the less exacting general tape recordist;recordist; but (C) AA prizeprize forfor thethe best tape isis a good idea. the textbookstextbooks for him. the realreal hi-fihi -fi typetype would probably discover Jean Weir The prisoners took a keen interest in his pro- that itit is not quite up toto his mark except Rainham, Kent gress and eventually he obtained his degree perhaps when used with a hi-fihi -fi amplifier forfor (See{See page 8 A Sound HumHunt inin Holland. Ed.) and is now engaged with Stow College, Glas- playback. But improved quality would mean gow. He sends messages of thanksthanks toto all thethe a deeperdeeper dig intointo the pocket than is necessary Good Service - Bad Service prisoners who helped him and he still keeps in for this versatile machine. And itsits versatility Whilst reading through thethe JuneJune issue of touch with one or twotwo who are now outside.outside. alone will suit aa very large proportion ofof tape ATR andand the letterletter from Mr C. J. Street His name isis Dick Craig and he taught at least enthusiasts. inin particular, I was reminded of my own one of the prison inmates to read Braille. In conclusion, itit shouldshould be mentioned thatthat experience of good and nol-so-goodnot -so -good service I thinkthink this is one of the best uses I have heard the machine is designed for vertical as well which may be of interest. First the good of for tape recording and ifif anyany readerreader would as forfor horizontal mounting. In vertical orienta-orienta- service.service. I had the misfortune to break a spool like to get inin touch with Dick Craig, his tion, thethe spools are secured to their carriers carrier on my Ultra 600. I 'phoned'phoned Ultra, amateur radio callsign is GM3NIF and his by thethe use of rubberrubber retainers pushed on to was referred to theirtheir service department, address is 272 Billrock Street, Cranhall, the protruding spindles. It was noticed on thethe quoted a price and onon offering to send a cheque Glasgow. sample machine that thethe motor noisenoise was prior toto despatch, I was told II could send thethe Glasgow El R. J. Burns less with thethe machine operating inin the vertical cheque on receipt ofof the goods which arrived position, butbut thisthis could havehave been due to thethe two days later.later. This,This, II feelfeel you will agree, was table on which thethe machinemachine was stood.stood. On a Speeches by Aneurin Bevan good service. The Society for the Study of Labour History solidsolid mounting, thethe noise was insignificantinsignificant Now the not-so-good.not -so-good. I purchased a Philips inin bothboth vertical and horizontal orientations. (President Professor Asa Briggs) andand The Trade EL3586 from a locallocal radio dealer, and at the Union, Labour, Co-operative-DemocraticCo- operative -Democratic His- Mains Specifications from Instruction same timetime I ordered the carrying case. How- tory Society (President George Woodcock) are Booklet ever, afterafter three months of enquiry and waiting conducting an exploratory survey toto try to Mains input: 110/127/220/240V, 50c/s.50c /s. BiasBias I gavegave it upup as a bad job. I then contacted establish the whereabouts of any recordings of frequency: 8585Kc Kc/s./s. Sockets: All to DIN stan- another dealer and itit took him from Cup Final speeches by the latelate Aneurin Bevan, M.P. On dard. Speeds;Speeds: 7iips74 ips andand 3J31 ips.ips. Tracks: day until threethree weeksweeks ago to produce a case behalf of these societies,societies, II would like to appeal Four. Frequency response: 40 to 18,000c18,000c/s /s at for a model still in production and this only through the columns of your journal to readers 74Ti ips and 4040 to 15,000c/s15,000c/s at 3J31 ips. Wow and after numerous 'phone'phone calls and visits to thethe who have such material in their possession.possession, or I flutter: ± 0.2%0-2% at Ti74 ips and ± 0.3%0-3% atSJips.at 3fff ips. dealer. I amam considering thepurchasethe purchase of another who know of the whereabouts of such material, Inputs: Microphone 0T5mV0.15mV across 2,000 more elaborate recorder to give me more to get inin touch with me. If possible, I would ohms. Radio 0T5mV0.15mV across 2,000 ohms.ohms, Pick- scope than my Ultra model, but after Mr C. J. also like to know whether individuals or orga- up 150mV acrossacross 2-2M2.2M (doubled for stereo). Street's and my own experiences I find myself nizations possessing recorded material would Outputs: Radio 1-5V1.5V across 8,000 ohms wishing that Ultra had such a model in the £70 be willing to let us examine it. I can assure Phones Mono and Stereo 1-5V1.5V across price range. readers that every care would be taken of 15K. External Loudspeakers 10 ohm R. J. Griffiths material loaned to us for the purpose of our (doubled forfor stereo).stereo). Power output: 6 watt Swinton, LanesLancs investigation. (music). Distortion: Less than 5%.5 %. Weight: Sheffield 10 William Carr, 14.5kg.14-5kg. Microphones: Two Telefunken TD25's ATR Hi-Hi Fi Section Department of Modern History, 34 supplied. Retail Price: 106gns. I1 am writing to thank you for thethe excellent Sheffield University.

www.americanradiohistory.com Emitape 99-the99 -the long play tape formulated 90for 4-track4-track recorders Emitape 99 has beenbeen created by E.M.I., the original and Standard Play 88 for use at professional tapetape speeds ; largest British manufacturers of magneticmagnetic recording Double Play 100for100 for more recording time;time ; Triple Play tape, inin co-operationco- operation with I.C.I,I.C.I. who have produced aa 300 forfor maximum playing time on battery portables. special 'Melinex'"Melinex' filmfilm base material for this new Emitape is supplied in aa. freefree transparent two-piecetwo -piece production. library case originally designed for computer tapes. It Emitape 99 has greater strength—perfectstrength -perfect tracking at all gives compact dust-freedust -free storage and easy indexing. speedsspeeds—and -and outstanding hi-fihi -fi performance has been achieved by the most up-to-dateup -to -date coating techniques. Emitape isis used nine timestimes out of tenten byby the B.B.C.B.B.C. Three other high quality grades are in thethe Emitape range: All thethe best dealersdealers areare Emitape stockists.

STINOtROSTANDARD limF payPLAY E M 1VLaPIE fM

NORMAL

NORMALESKQRtUUS tu STANDARD 0 i 0 \ *

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EMI A AN E.M.I.E.M.I. GROUP PRODUCTPRODUCT EMI1X E.M.I. TAPE LIMITED, THE MOST ADVANCED MAGNETIC RECORDING TAPE IN THE WORLD HAYES, MIDDLESEX

www.americanradiohistory.com MANUFACTURER'S SPECIFICATION ATR JANUARY 1967 FOR THE FERROGRAPHFERROGRRPH MODEL 633633 (.Omitted(Omitted fromfrom thethe NovemberNovember issueissue of ATR)ATR) NEW YEAR—NEWYEAR -NEW TAPE FEATURESFEATURES Recording medium:medium: magneticmagnetic recordingrecording tape,tape, ^in+in wide,wide, on reels upup toto Sj-in811in diameter, coatingcoating inside.inside. TrackTrack width:width: 0-1in0.1in - On Tape displaceddisplaced to oneone edge. NumberNumber ofof tracks:tracks: 22 (recorded(recorded ★ Tape and TravelTravel - a new seriesseries of articles separately). Operating tapetape speeds:speeds: Model 633,633, 7^,71., 3J3â andand * -a by BobBob Danvers-WalkerDanvers-Walker withwith photographsphotographs 1|14 ipsips ±i 2%;2%; ModelModel 633H, 15,15, Tj,72, 3f3,'-, ipsips ±2%.±2%. PlayingPlaying timetime per track:track: (standard(standard play tape)tape) largelarge reelreel (1,750(1,750 ft)ft) 22?222 min atat by thethe Editor 15 ips,ips, 4545 min atat 7574- ips,ips, H12 hrshrs at 3}3g ips,ips, 3 hrshrs at 1|14 ips.ips. PlayingPlaying I. Paris on a Shoestring time perper reel:reel: double thesethese times.times. FastFast windwind time:time: lessless thanthan ★* Test Reports on NewNew MicrophonesMicrophones 11 minmin forfor 1,200 ftft tapetape (either(either direction). 'Wow''Wow' andand 'Flutter';'Flutter':

lessless thanthan 0-16%0.16% atat 7?74- ips. Long-termLong -term speed stability:stability: betterbetter ■-¥• - On Test -- Ampex 1150 Tape Recorder than 0-5%0.5% (for(for constantconstant mainsmains frequency).frequency). FrequencyFrequency re- ★ Speed VariationVariation - Cause and Cure sponse: 15 ips,ips, 30-20,OOOc/s30- 20,000c /s ±3±3 dB; 7?74- ips,ips, 30-16,OOOc/s30- 16,000c /s ±± 33 * dB; 3|3; ips,ips, 40-11,OOOc/s40- 11,000c /s ±3±3 dB; 1|14 ips,ips, 40-6,OOOc/s40- 6,000c /s ±4±4 dB.dB. *■¥■ Stichting RIOPRIOP - aa report on a hospital Record/playbackRecord /playback characteristic: 1515 ips,ips, 35 microseconds; programme service inin HollandHolland 7^72 ips,ips, 7070 microseconds;microseconds; 3J341 ips,ips, 140140 microseconds;microseconds; 1®14 ips,ips, 280 microseconds. InputInput level (minimum signalsignal forfor fullfull depthdepth recording): microphonemicrophone 1-51.5 mV (2(2 Megohms),Megohms), pick-uppick -up - mag- Plus the Hi-FiHi -Fi SectionSection netic typetype (velocity(velocity characteristic) 1212 mV atat 1,OOOc/s1,000c /s (50 Kohm), inputinput 2-452 - 45 mV (200(200 Kohm approximately).approximately). Output arrange-arrange- On Hi-FiHi -Fi ments: 1515 ohmohm -3-3 watts (maximum):(maximum); monitor - 6V (maximum);(maximum); ★* ImpedanceImpedance MatchingMatching Circuits - plugs 2 300 mV (1 Kohm output 2 - 300 mV (1 Kohm - cathode follower).follower). BassBass control:control: and sockets continuously variable ±10110 dB atat 40c/s.40c /s. Treble control: con-con- tinuously variable ±10 dB at 15,OOOc/s.15,000c /s. Signal toto noisenoise ratio:ratio: ★* Design for a Loudspeaker Enclosure unweighted, includingincluding hum, betterbetter thanthan 5252 dB.dB. Mains supply: ★ TestTest Report-GoldringReport - Goldring Transcription Unit 200-250\/,200 -250V, 50c/s.50c /s. AlternativeAlternative models;models: Suffix AA - 117,117, 60c/s,60c /s, * - and Pick-upPick -up Suffix E -- 110,110, 50c/s.50c /s. Power consumption: 115 waffs.watts. OverallOverall dimensions: 17fin17-gin wide x 18Jin184in deepdeep xx 9Jin9;in highhigh withwith lid.lid. Weight: 4848 lb.lb.

V'i Owing to changes inin marketing arrange-arrange- ments, increasedincreased production, and the fact that we nownow make our ownown crossovers, we have been able toto reduce thethe list priceprice of the OMNI toto +?' 29|292 guineas 'i This product remainsremains identicalidentica! inin construct-construct- ion andand performance.

HARMONY (Mus)(Mus) Can be variously described by simple phrases such asas "a Melodious Sound",Sound ", oror "a Combination of musical notes to make aa chord".chord ". ItIt isis alsoalso thethe name forfor thethe sciencescience involvinginvolving musical sounds in theirtheir combination and progression.progression. ItIt is a most complicated science inin itsits own right,right, forfor the simplest chord on thethe-purest purest-toned -toned instrument isis aa remarkably complexcomplex thing: an orchestral climax would probably defy completecomplete analysis.analysis. HARMONY (domest)(domest) A highlyhighly desirabledesirable statestate of peacepeace andand completeness which can bebe attained in musical families by the simple exped- ient ofof mounting aa pair ofof extremely good loudspeakersloudspeakers on thethe walls ofof the listeninglistening room.room. Floor space isis saved, the vacuumvacuum cleaner cancan be used again, cables are not lying all over thethe floor, and a flower vase (if essential!) can be stood on top:top: "She""She" isis happy. The phasing does not getget disturbed, thethe loudspeakers do not get moved about, stereo isis consistent, and thethe reproduction isis trulytruly excellent : "He" isis happy. The effect isis cumulative within the household of course; each isis happy because the other is.is. The Jones'Jones' are not so. (Unless they diddid itit first).first). Visit your dealer, askask toto hear a pairpair of OMNIs on their sides or onon a shelf (or something) about 44-5ft -5ft above thethe floor with the controls level. And make sure you do just thatthat —- itit makes a vast difference andand could save you a small fortune ifif it is realism with extreme smoothness which you are after. If your dealer turns out to be a helplesshelpless square,square, telltell us, at Rectavox, and we will soon find you a better one!! 36

www.americanradiohistory.com AIRATR Hi-FiHi -Fi Section|Section Hi-FiHi -Fi

m M S)

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Fig. 1.1. General appearance of Beogram 1000.

TEST REPORT --THE THE BEOGRAM 1000 by Peter Knight The Bang and Olufsen Beogram 1000 com- wow and flutter toto values readily acceptable Belt Drive prises a mountedmounted motor unit,unit, pick-uppick -up arm by mostmost hi-fihi -fi types.types. The turntableturntable mat isis The turntableturntable unit is extremely well thoughtthought and cartridge and a PerspexPerspex cover that can ridged forfor recordrecord support and coupling, and a out and differs from many other units inin thatthat be placed upon thethe systemsystem when not in use. stroboscopic disc, tailoredtailored toto a speed of a belt drive toto a pulley ridge on the inside of Some hi-fihi -fi systems ofof thisthis kindkind can cost upup 331SSj.rpm rpm when illuminatedilluminated by a lamplamp powered the turntableturntable couples the driving force. The to £70 or more,more, but thethe Beogram isis only fromfrom thethe mains supply, is incorporated inin thethe turntable pulley isis coupledcoupled to a substantiallysubstantially about half this price andand yet very much hi-fi.hi -fi. centre of the turntable. smaller diameter pulley which itself is mecha- Fig. 11 shows the overall appearance of the Although the motor isis four-speed,four -speed, the speeds nically coupled to a slightly largerlarger diameter system with the Perspex cover removed, are all correct once adjustment has been friction wheel, and this picks up its coupling ready forfor playing. The plinth is availableavailable inin made at33^at 331s rpm,rpm, and a knurled control in the direct from the motor spindle, via stepped teak or Brazilian rosewood, and thisthis isis 'float-'float- centre of the speed-changespeed-change knob isis available diameters, to give the various speeds. ing' on thethe black base to give a microphonic- for motormotor-speed -speed control. The motor is auto- These mechanics are highlighted inin Fig. 2, free suspension,suspension, which damps acoustic matically switched on when the arm is moved which at the top shows the belt drive, a little vibrations from the table or support and from itsits clip rest, andand then, after placing the belowbeiow the friction wheel and the stepped dia- ensures optimum tracking under most pickpick-up -up over thethe recordrecord at thethe required playing meters on thethe motor spindle directly below ordinary domestic environments. TheThe motor position, the arm slowly lowerslowers on to the thethe turntable pulley ridge. unit and itsits coupling together with thethe pick- groove when the toggle-typetoggle -type control inin the The drive motor isis fairly large, fully screened up are mounted on afairlya fairly substantial pressed near right-handright -hand corner of the motor plate is and would appear to have plenty of power in metal plate, and thethe turntable,turntable, while not operated. Of course, there is no automatic massive, has sufficient inertia to damp down switchswitch-off -off devicedevice at thethe end of a record. continued overleaf 37

www.americanradiohistory.com «v rr7*t

viM a.

Fig. 2.2. Showing thethe drivedrive mechanism of thethe motor.motor.

reserve.reserve. Its speedspeed isis controlledcontrolled overover a small 2 grams andand reproducingreproducing atat normal quality. this operation.operation. As thethe pick-uppick -up outputoutput isis range, via thethe speedspeed control knob previouslypreviously The onlyonly disturbance was a slight internal relatively low-levellow -level (7mV(7mV per channelchannel at aa mentioned, by an eddy currentcurrent disc arrange- knocking comingcoming fromfrom the motor mechanics, recorded velocity ofof 5cm/sec),5cm /sec), itit requiresrequires an ment, whichwhich isis brought down inin closer but thethe test certainlycertainly provedproved thethe point. Of amplifier withwith a low-levellow -level inputinput andand magnetic proximity to a similar rotatingrotating disc on thethe course, any arm, completecomplete with head, which equalization toto work it correctly. motor whenwhen thethe control knob isis turnedturned toto make isis inin correct static balance should tracktrack eveneven the motor run more slowly.slowly. A micro-switchmicro- switch mounted onon aa wall, juke-boxjuke -box style!style! Two-channelTwo -channel Transistor Amplifier passes currentcurrent toto thethe drive motormotor whenwhen thethe The arm of the Beogram 10001000 hashas a removableremovable However, B & O have solved thethe problem so arm isis removedremoved fromfrom its resting clip. Thus, no counterweight at the farfar end, and thisthis is thatthat the unit asas a wholewhole can partner ampli- pressure isis applied toto thethe armarm or itsits bearingbearing lockedlocked intointo positionposition on thethe arm byby means of fiers with Inputsinputs ofof considerably lessless sensi- by thethe processprocess ofof switchingswitching on.on. an internal spring-loadedspring -loaded ball thatthat clicksclicks intointo tivitytivity byby the design ofof a small, two-channel,two -channel, The loweringlowering device worksworks inin conjunction a correspondingcorresponding hole on the arm. The spring-spring - plug-Inplug -in printed circuitcircuit board transistor ampli- with a 'remote controlled' (from(from thethe toggle-toggle - loadedloaded ball of the testtest sample was unfor- fier. This slipsslips intointo a suitable socketsocket within type controlcontrol inin the corner) hydraulic plunger tunately stuck, allowingallowing the counterweight to thethe base of thethe Beogram 10001000 andand thus unit, locatedlocated towardstowards thethe bearingbearing end of thethe alter aa littlelittle inin positionposition while playing. Down- automatically introducesintroduces thethe amplifiers inin arm. TheThe plungerplunger rises in the liftlift positionposition and ward or trackingtracking pressurepressure isis applied by a series with thethe right andand leftleft signal circuits engages on a liftinglifting flange, in thethe form of an spring coupled toto a sliderslider on thethe arm andand of thethe pick-up.pick -up. TheThe two-channeltwo -channel pick-uppick -up arc securedsecured toto the undersideunderside of the arm. To calibration marks on thethe armarm telltell the degree signals areare then lifted to 560mV560mV at 1,000c/s1,000c/s avoid thethe flangeflange fromfrom slippingslipping on thethe plunger of tracking pressure applied, thisthis being easilyeasily from 7mV,7mV, correspondingcorresponding toto a gaingain of 38dB. when itit isis required toto lowerlower the pick-uppick -up atat aa adjustable fromfrom zerozero toto 3 gramsgrams or more The power supplysupply Isis derivedderived fromfrom aa winding critical point on a record,record, thethe flange has aa beyond the scalescale markings,markings, andand pressure on thethe motor toto avoid aa mains transformertransformer friction surfacesurface against thethe plunger. tests indicatedindicated the fair accuracy of this which could produce hum in low-levellow -level The armarm employed isis thethe BangBang andand Olufsen calibration. Pick-upPick -up location over any pointpoint circuits. ST/LST /L (15(15 degrees) inin staticstatic balance onon thethe on thethe recordrecord isis facilitatedfacilitated by a short, finger-finger - Each channelchannel ofof thisthis amplifieramplifier employs an unit. One wouldwould thesethese days, ofof course,course, expect liftinglifting arm near toto thethe head.head. n-p-nn -p -n transistor dc coupledcoupled toto a p-n-pp -n -p transis-transis- arms inin thethe hi-fihi -fi classclass to bebe statically ba-ba- The well-knownwell -known B & O SP seriesseries pick-uppick -up was tor withwith negative feedback inin a frequency-frequency - lancedlanced or to embodyembody adjustments forfor this fitted toto the testtest sample. This is a magneticmagnetic selective loop.loop. The 14V ac obtained fromfrom the purpose, such precisionprecision being reflectedreflected in stereo head incorporatingincorporating a symmetricalsymmetrical motor windingwinding is rectifiedrectified by a pair of OA70 their price. ItIt is amazing,amazing, therefore, toto find microcross armature sectionsection designeddesigned for diodes and adequately filteredfiltered before arriving this attributeattribute onon such a reasonably-pricedreasonably -priced minimizing stereostereo crosstalkcrosstalk and harmonic at the transistors.transistors. The signal level fromfrom thethe unit having soso many other desirable featuresfeatures distortion. A great deal ofof design has gone amplified version is sufficient toto feed the as well.well. StaticallyStatically balanced meansmeans basically into thisthis head, andand other features include 'radio' input of manymany tapetape recorders, allowing thatthat inin anyany position the arm willwill balance onon protection against damage shouldshould thethe armarm bebe dubbing from disc toto tape,tape, or should it bebe its bearings andand thatthat therethere is no undue biasbias dropped on a record, uniform stylus com- required, forfor the recorder's playback amplifier or forceforce actingacting inin any direction. WhenWhen an pliance inin allall directions, adequateadequate screeningscreening toto doubledouble as aa disc record playback amplifier. arm is mounted on a motor plate itit isis not anan toto reduce humhum sensitivity and interactioninteraction to The 'direct-from-pick-up''direct- from -pick -up' versionversion has aa little easy matter to determine thethe degree ofof suchsuch steel turntablesturntables andand a diamond stylus. printed circuit strip whichwhich plugs inin inin place of balance:balance; one ofof the best ways isis toto removeremove thethe The frequency response isis substantially thethe amplifier board, the stripstrip being inter-inter- arm, mount itit on aa special jig andand thenthen mea- flat fromfrom 20 to 20,000c/s20,000c /s within i24dB,*21dB, while connected so thatthat the pick-uppick -up signals are sure withwith delicate instruments the degree ofof thethe channelchannel separation isis in the order of conveyed directdirect toto the output leads.leads. ThisThis waswas balance. 28dB atat 500c/s.500c /s. Other details are given at thethe the typetype of unit tested, and ideallyideally itit partners ItIt was not possible toto testtest the Beogram 1000 end of this article. The headhead isis inin twotwo sections the BB & O BeomasterBeomaster 1000, which isis the ampli-ampli- inin thisthis way, butbut proof thatthat the balance was not as shownshown inin Fig.Fig. 4.4. The sectionsection on thethe rightright fied FMFM stereostereo tuner. It waswas testedtested with this very farfar outout (if(if out atat all!) was dramatically contains the magnet, andand this pushespushes intointo and workedworked remarkablyremarkably well. ItIt was also testedtested obtained by runningrunning thethe unit inin an almostalmost the armature sectionsection onon thethe left,left, and is thenthen with amplifiers ofof other makes incorporating vertical position,position, as shownshcwn in Fig. 3. Here thethe locked inin position byby the small grub screw. low-levellow -level magnetic pick-uppick -up inputs and gave 38 unitunit isis shown trackingtracking a 334 recordrecord at aboutabout The stylusstylus assembly is, inin fact,fact, replaced by good resultsresults withwith all of them.them.

www.americanradiohistory.com SOUND EFFECTS RECORDS Now available from Amateur Tape RecordingRecording Please allowallow twotwo weeks for delivery CASTLE,CASTLE. Tr 4545 rpmrpm rvoorda,records, approximate pLayingplaying timeUm* 1010 mlnutee.minutes. BachEach containscontains •electionselection of •oondsound effectseffects inin separateseparate tracks.tracks. CompleteComplete with tleeresleeve andand paperpaper Innerinner Jacket.Jacket. BleaveSleeve Includesincludes descriptiondescription ofof each soundsound effecteffect andand playingplaying timetime Inin seooodsseconds A ABX/1ABX /1 —BELLS-BELLS ANDAND SIRENS Prior 7/6 Side 1—Fire1-Fire enginesengines withwith bells Fire engineengine -alarm■ alarm andand sirenssirena 8.8.9.8. Queen MaryMary sirensiren Factory sirensiren TelephoneTelephone bellbell Door bellbell BidsDie 2—Clock2 -Clock chimechime Alarm clockclock WestminsterWeatminater chimechime BowBow bellsbelle B AFX/1—WILDAFX /1 -WILD ANIMALS /w-T/dPrim 7/6 Side I—Hale1 -Male andand femalefemme Honslions GibbonsGibbons Chimpanzees BellBell birdbird RatUesnakeRattlesnake Baboon Viper EmperorEmperor geesegeese FishFish eagleseagles Mountain lionlion (puma)(puma) KookaburraKookaburra (laughing(laughing Jackass)Jackass) BidsSide E—Elephants2-Elephant. MississippiM edrlppi alligatoralligator IndianIndian tigertiger SeaSea lionsIlona MakMale lionlion InIn thethe JungleJungle (ala background ofof typicaltypical sounds)sounds) w C BGX/1—BACKGROUNDBGX /1- BACKGROUND SOUND EFFECTS •• I PeleePrlc* 7/8716 BideSide 1—Sea1-Sea (breakers)(breakers) Wind (howling—eerie)(howling-eerie) ThunderThunder (light(light rain)rain) Side 8—Rain2-Rain (heavy(heavy shower)shower) Factory soundssounds (Industrial)(industrial) TraffloTraffic k> (busy(busy street)stmt) D EFX/1—ELECTRONICEFX /1- ELECTRONIC SOUNDS AND MUSIC /vfc.7/0Pries 7/6 SideBide 1-Spa1—Space . ship—takeahlp -take offoff SpaceSpace vehicle—imaginaryvehicle -- imaginary take-offtake-off Space vehicle—Imaginaryvehicle-imaginary landing Ring modulation—tonalmodulation -tonal Modu-Modo- latedlated tonetone glideglide (descending) Modulated tone glideglide (ascending)(ascending) SibilationSlbllatlou—white -white noisenoise (pitch octave low)low) SidaSide 8—Slbllatlon—while2-- S1bilatfon -white noisenoise (pitch)(pitch) Sibllatlon—whiteSibllation -white noisenoise (pitch octaveoctave high)high) Three-toneThree -tone ululatlonululation Filtered tonetone SlridorStridor (tonal)(tonal) RingRing modulationmodulation andand slbllatlonelbilation E EFX/2—ELECTRONICEFX /2- ELECTRONIC THEMES ANDAND MUSIC CONCRETE PriesPier 7/«7/6 BidsBide 1—Delta1 -Delta F StudyStudy InIn SlnelooesSinetones BidsSide 2—Sound2 -Sound objectobject Montage F HMX/1—HAUNTEDHMX /1- HAUNTED HOUSE. MYSTERYMYSTERY i SOUNDS AND MUSIC Pries7/8Price 7/6 BidsSide 1—Thunderstorm1- Thunderstorm MysteriosoMyeterloso Electronic Music Fig. 3. True picture showingshowing the unit actually trackingtrading at about 22 gram at 33^33+ rpmrpm in an almost M«nimBidsSide 8—Spooks2- laughter Spooks IntruderIntruder CreaksCreaks FrightFright DungeonDungeon GhostsGhone Ghouls vertical position.position. Maniac laughter G MFX/1—AUTHENTICMFX/1- AUTHENTIC HIGH-FIDELITYHIGH- FIDELITY SOUND EFFECTS Pries7/8Prim 7/6 SideBids 1—Lion1-Lion roaringroaring Twin piston aircraftaircraft landinglanding BuildingBuilding and debris fallingfalling Road drillsdrills andand compcessoccompresses. Ship'sShip's siren Steam traintrain The speed control waswas found to be non- Makers'Makefs' SpecificationsSpecifications leavingleaving stationstation Small steamseam locoloco andand whistle CellCell door,door, keyskeys and lock.locks criticalcritical andand easilyeasily set-upset -up with the strobo- Speeds: 78, 45, 33^331-, and 16i16$ rpm.rpm. Dimensions: Sid.Sid* 2—Police2 -Police car andand bell, chasechase Police launchlaunch and sirensiren Steam goods traintrain and whistle CarCar doordoor slam, and starter Storm atat sea, scopic disc on thethe turntable,turntable, and itit was dis- Width 14tV14,'-e inches:inches; depthdepth 12^12+ inchesinches (12f(12é thunder, wind andand gullsgulls TubeTube train,train, stop,stop, doorsdoors andand startstart was inches height covered thatthat onceonce thethe motor speed was cor- inches includingincluding counterweight); height H MFX/2—AUTHENTICMFX/2- AUTHENTIC HIGH-FIDELITYHiGH- FIDELITY rectly established,further adjustment was not about 5f5k inches (6^(64 inches includingincluding dustdust SOUND EFFECTS Pries7/6Prior716 really necessarynecessary during thethe whole period ofof cover). Supply Voltage:Voltage: 220V220V ac 50c/s.50c /s. Arm: Bideaids 1—American1- Amerleaa policepollee carcar with siren—arrivingalien--- arriving American policepolice car with bIrq—departingsiren-departing AmericanAmerican policePollee car'escortcan 'escort withwith sirens—drone-- the teststests - thethe motor holding itsits speed very B & OO ST/LST/L 1515 deg.deg. with built-inbuilt -in hydraulically-hydraulically - passing American police motor-cyclemotor -cycle patrolpatrol with stren—stoppingsiren- .topping Applause (band(band clapping) OrehestnTOrchestra tuning upup CarCar crashcrash Glass accurately during protractedprotracted playing sessions damped pick-uppick-up liftlift. Rumble: About 35dB breaking (repeat) BidsSid. 8—City2-City andand WaterlooWaterloo tubetube train—arrivingtrain -arriving CityCity andand WaterlooWaterloo andand fromfrom one session toto another. below referencereference voltage fromfrom pick-uppick -up at tube train—departingtrain- departing FootstepsFootstep. (oootlnuous(oontinuons track)track) InIn subway In narrow streets (female) On pavement was 1 -4cm /sec, 100c /s with NARTB equalization. (mixed) In narrow streets (female) On pavement (mixed)(mixed) RunningRunning Wow was undetectableundetectable under ordinary 1-4cm/sec, lOOc/s with NARTB equalization. Inin streetstreet (female)(female) Running inin street (male)(male) UpUp andand downdown (woodeo(wooden playing conditions, eveneven with the most wow-wow - Wow: ±0-2%± 0-2% (peak value). Pick-up:Pick -up: SP7. stain) Workmen hammering andand sawingsawing prone recordrecord available,available, and rumblerumble was wellwell Frequency Response:Response: 20 toto 20,000c/s20,000c /s ±2sdB.±2 dB. I MPX/1—MILITARYMPX /1- MILITARY PARADE AND below disturbance threshold.threshold. ToTo obtainobtain a Output: 7mV per channel at 5cm/sec.5cm /sec. Channel WARFARE SOUNDS Prios7/8Pria 716 at 500c/s. Sty /us SideBid* 1—March1 -March past—Guardsput- Quards,and .and crowdcrowd sounds,sounds, etc.etc. Royal Salute—Salute- - subjective test ofof rumble,rumble, the pick-uppick -up stylus Separation: Approx 28dB at 500c/s. Stylus Parade commandscommands and National Anthem Drums'andDrums 'and pipes—withpipes-with was restedrested on anan empty matchbox on thethe Pressure: Min. 11 gram,gram, max. 3 gram. Compli- pared.parade commandscommanda BidsSide ft—Aircraft—lowI- Aircraftr -low levellevel attackattack (bombs,(bombe, machine-gun fire,fire, aircraft) motor plate,plate, and even under this rumble-rumble- ance: 12-1512 -15 x lO'/cm/dyn.10e/cm /dyn. Tip Mass: 1-51.5 Artillery—tanks—rifleArWiery- tanks--rlße Are.fire, etc. emphasizing conditioncondition thethe rumblerumble was aa milligram. Recommended Load: 47,00047,000 ohms. J TFX/1—AUTHENTICTFX/1- AUTHENTIC BRITISH TRAIN little below thethe levellevel of background hiss with Stylus: Spherical 17 microns. Amplifier Fre-Fre- SOUNDS PrimPria 7/67/6 thethe amplifier's volume control fully advanced! quency Response:Response: 40 to 20,000c/s20,000c /s ±2idB_24dB BidsSide 1—Train1 -Train departndeparture -main line Train arrival—mainarrival -main lineline RxprerExpress traintrain passing—withparsing-with whistlewhletle FastFast goodsgoods traintrain passing—withpassing -with Channel separation and stereo balance pro-pro- (overall forfor pick-uppick -up and amplifier).amplifier). OutputOutput whlstfewhistle Express traintrain passing Small tanktank loco—passingloco-paring BidsBide ft—LocalS -Local passenger—•rrivepassenger -- attive andand departdepart Fastnet goodsgoods train-train- vided byby the SP7 pick-uppick -up was very goodgood inin Voltage: 560mV atat 1,000c/s1,000c /s for anan input ofof passingparing OsntralCentral London tubstabs train—arrivetrain -arrive and departdepart Train overover spite of thethe lacklack ofof anyany obviousobvious bias com- 7mV (+38dB).( +38dB). Noise: —62dB.-62dB. Supply Voltage: points and crossingcrossing Slow goodsgoods traintrain psssing—withporing -with whistle pensation on thethe armarm system.system. The value ofof 14V ac fromfrom motor (see(see text).text). CurrentCurrent Drain;Drain: K MFX/3—HORSESMFX/S- HORSES Frf«7/6Pere 7/6 bias compensation toto neutralizeneutralize thethe tendency 4mA. (10 effects)effects) Trotting WalklrgWalking JumpingJumping CompositeComposite recordingrecording ofof foxhounds.foxhounds, oamalls, 11s, horns, etc.etc. CowsCows Cats(at. PigsPigs Blacksmith'sBlacksmith'. shopshop for the pick-uppick -up to swing towards the centre of aa playing recordrecord duedue toto overhang and off- L LFX/1—SOUNDSLFX /1- SOUNDS OF LONDON FriesPried 7/8716 of the head is now well known in Guards, Bow Bells, River, Markets etc.,etc.. etc.,etc., withwith Unkinglinking commentary.commentary. set of the head is now well known in terms ofof IdealIdeal for cineclue filmsfilms andand colourcolour slidesslides obtaining optimumoptimum stereostereo balance. Some arms, ofof course,course, feature elaborate devices N 8TX/1-SOUNDSSTX /1- SOUNDS OFOF TORBAY.TORBAY, DEVONDEVON FriesPrier 7/87/6 (S3*on* rpmrpm LPLP 7Inch).7inch). A tske-your-hollday-hometake-your- holldaybome record with commen-commen- forfor the applicationapplication of bias compensation,compensation, tary by Johnny Morris. Authentic sounds of Torbay night life.eat Kent but the B & 0 ST/LST /L arm has no external Caverns.Csverns, BrlxhamBrixham Harbour,Harbour, FishingFisishing boats,boats, MoorlsndMoorland streams,streams, etc. mechanics of thisthis nature.nature. However, thethe nature the arm's pivoting and balance of the arm's pivoting and balance certainly PImmPlease sendsend mame thathe followingfollowing racordtrecords provides some degreedegree of 'built-in' compensa- PleasePleue indicateindicate with aa tick inin the appropriateappropriate squares. tion, ensuringensuring thatthat thethe pressure of thethe stylusstylus oaaaaannr1 1ri] F-1 r1 isis substantially equal onon eacheach ofof thethe twotwo walls OF of the groove. A pick-uppick -up system withwith totaltotal a[' 1 n o a nIN 1 lack of thisthis biasbias would subjectsubject a greater h1. I encloseenclose postal ordrord.r/choquo /cheque forfor ...... _..._ ...... —to to stylus force on thethe innerinner wall ofof thethe groove covorcover the costcost of rocord/s,record /s, plus Is M2d post andand and 4d. each addition- than on the outer, an effect that can packing for first rocordrecord and 4d. for aach addition- than on the outer, an effect that can disturb al recordrecord ordered. the stereostereo balance ofof thethe pick-up.pick -up. NAME _...._...... For anyone desirous ofof obtaining a com-com- ADDRESS self- record system pletelypletely self-containedcontained record-playing-playing system ATRI2 of undoubted hi-fihi -fi quality andand of modernmodern design, the Beogram 1000 isis wellwell worth ATR, HAYMARKET PRESSPRESS LTD.LTD, 9* HARROW ROAD.ROAD, LONDONLONDON W2WI exploring; itit certainlycertainly representsrepresents very good Fig. 4. The exploring; Fig. 4. The magnetic stereostereo headhead with the stylusstylus Please■ allowallow twotwo weeks for deldelivery Ivory value forfor money. section partedparted from thethe magnetmagnet assembly.assembly. 39

www.americanradiohistory.com MIKE HOWELL LOOKS BACK AT AUDIO

Just likelike a chicken dinner without allall thethe necessary trimmings, irate companions. The timetime was utilized by recordingrecording the soundssounds the 1966 Audio FairFair cannot be viewed without thethe excitement of of London plusplus a wonderful old man whose main ambition was that weekend's activities. Romantic thoughthough the details appear, talking to outstretched microphones. Soon, however, the mad time has never altered theirtheir bright colour. We tend toto over-over - rush was on. My own lacklack of composure assured me that I had glorify thethe past in many cases but thethe visit toto LondonLondon has neither been under a false impressionimpression about the size of the audio exhibi- gained nornor lost any of its riches. tion andand indeed my formerformer conclusion about our being able toto The firstfirst moment which springssprings to mind was our retirement toto get round thethe stands inin three or four hours was quickly dispelled. bed at 2 am on the Saturday, only eight hourshours before our The first thing which could be said about the Audio Fair proper departure. I blame tapetape and disc for my feeling somewhat drowsy - andand this was something on which wewe agreed unanimously - was on thethe longlong journey,journey, and thoughthough my twotwo companionscompanions were hungry the venue. To us 'The`The Hotel Russell' seemed anan idealideal situation as we neared Birmingham, a point where we were toto pick up for such aa big and well-spreadwell -spread exhibition. But what of the exhibits another friend, I could not workwork up thethe slightest inclination to themselves andand those who demonstrate their uses? How did the eat - notnot even toto save my reputation asas anan amateur champion. Audio Fair strikestrike a group of young enthusiastsenthusiasts? ? The truthtruth isis that this waswas thethe only occasion inin twentieth-centurytwentieth -century Four hours' hard rushing around in a crowded place does not history when the advertadvert said less than the goods offered. Among give me thethe chance to provide very much technical information,information, other items displayed on the menu were Old English Beef sand- but II honestly wonder what most readers want to know about wiches and I chose thesethese because the word 'salad'`salad' did not appear such an exhibition.exhibition. When consideringconsidering that mostmost ofof themthem have not after this description. My first disappointment camecame when I and will nevernever visit this festival,festival, then the probability is that they found that the ordered articles contained a depressingly largelarge want toto hear about the public and itsits annual meetingmeeting with the amount of salad and precious little Old English Beef. DoubtlessDoubtless manufacturer onon neutral territory just as much as theythey wish to my mother would still dub me a clot shouldshould she everever comecome to know learn about what will be in the shopsshops inin six months' time. A quickquick of my misfortune, but inin answer to thethe question II cancan now hear visit does have the advantage ofof providing a more lasting impres-impres- her asking, thethe removal of thethe salad could not be effected without sion, mainly because of thethe lack of technical data. A thoroughthorough the total destruction of the tripletriple-deck -deck monster which sprawledsprawled tour of thethe Fair could only be made over two or threethree days. From a lazily on the plate. Apart from the sizesize aspect was thethe fact thatthat thethe short inspection like ours,ours, thethe galling featurefeature was the nature of the bread was of a touch-me-and-l'll-drop-to-pieces'touch -me- and -I'll- drop -to- pieces' nature. Obvi- Fair andand for those for whomwhom it catered - the enthusiasts. You ously, thethe worst moments of the weekend were now comingcoming to can get attention atat your radio shop at home very easily, but at fruition and,and, with immenseimmense difficultydifficulty (and(and quivering throat), thethe Audio FairFair you must, having decided that you will seesee a I raisedraised thethe skyscraper toto my open mouth and bit tentatively. display, stand right at thethe back of a long queue. UnlikeUnlike the Needless toto say, this was a dreadful errorerror andand more by accident shop at home, everybody wants to see thethe man in charge and inin than by design, thethe sandwich, minus one huge gash, was replacedreplaced thisthis instance he is everything -- expert, artist, craftsman,craftsman, actor - speedily and withwith a professional air toto its rostrum.rostrum. At thisthis point and he reallyreally knows his job.job. I imagineimagine that when a man is chosen I wish to record regret at having struggledstruggled throughthrough two of thesethese by his firm for Audio Fair duties he must feel like someone in the delicacies, but should anybody be partial to Old English Beef Long Room at Lord's. However marvellous all the salesmensalesmen were, sandwiches (with compulsory salad) I am compelled out of com-com- the man most in line forfor my award was a gentleman who nearly mon consideration toto allall fellow citizens toto recommend 'The`The blew our heads off with his demonstration. The aids toto success Surfe SideSide Restaurant' in Birmingham, thethe location and nature which he held were a signalsignal generator, a vhf radio andand one or of whose duo-sexduo -sex convenience stillstill fascinatesfascinates me to thisthis day.day. two other objects whichwhich we did not see. He was the keenest man Above thethe door of thisthis small office are inscribed the important you could wish to see; eveneven his voice bounced like a glass marble words: 'His`His surfe;surfe; her surfe.' Apart fromfrom having thethe 'his-her'`his -her' on a tiledtiled floor. He was charged with electronic exuberance and priorities incorrect,incorrect, one cancan only administer a sinceresincere praise on the way he played with his toystoys simplysimply had toto be admired. the management of the premisespremises for theirtheir use ofof the semi-colon.semi -colon. From our position at the back of aa jostlingjostling queuequeue itit was somewhatsomewhat From thethe tramptramp who laylay sleeping in thethe sub-waysub-way of thethe under- difficult to fathom out the real point of his demonstration. Basic- ground station toto the Spanish singers in the English cafe,café, II will ally, he was tryingtrying toto illustrateillustrate frequency responseresponse and thethe never forget the atmosphere of Saturday night in London, and importance itit has or does not have for the amateur recordist. should I everever come toto think that thethe seething gaiety of thethe crowded Periodically he would send out a high-pitchedhigh -pitched whistlewhistle which forced streets was somethingsomething quitequite banal, II shallshall put it down toto my being the hissing audience a sharp pace inin thethe reversereverse direction. The accustomed to the apathy of our Northern cities. The electrical main reason for his being eligible forfor a prize was the interestinterest he shops, for instance, held our interestinterest at everyevery comer.corner. ToTo us, imparted to thosethose around him. Personally, I amam not fondfond of hearinghearing good equipment was aa picture and description in a pamphletpamphlet high frequencies in long sustainedsustained blasts and thenthen having a new or a promise toto buy and thenthen aa long wait for delivery ...... but pair of shoesshoes trampled on by retreatingretreating high heels,heels, but on this London! The shopsshops were fullfull of electrical gems which our friends occasion II was prepared to endure the pain. Incidentally, another in the North viewedviewed as names or eveneven myths. Only a pane of glass point in the demonstrator's favour waswas that he himself was separated us fromfrom professional machinesmachines and only our fearfear of thethe completely imperviousimpervious to thethe harsh whistles emittedemitted from his law prevented our removalremoval of those huge windows. Everywhere was equipment. Eventually he waswas compelled to leave his novelty massed with people; the most discriminating nose could not have while an enthusiast posed an interestinginteresting question: 'Is'Is vhf soundsound hoped toto count thethe variety of scents which the female population true to life?'life ?' There was not the slightest question of the artist wore that night, and eveneven when that big city sanksank to rest, the being sent reeling on to the ropesropes by a query of this nature, sound ofof heavy traffic,traffic, the thought ofof the past hours and thethe something which had sent him intointo mental contortions forfor years. promise of tomorrowtomorrow lulled one toto sleep with aa gentle contentment. T`I could ask you the same questionquestion of AM sound —- dodo you think `Sunday'Sunday in New York' was once thethe themetheme of a long-playinglong -playing record, this is nearer to reality?'reality ?' Yes, thisthis really was the season of good- but the equivalent day with thethe addition of a tape recorderrecorder inin will towards all enthusiasts andand a diplomatic answer had avoided London offered an equally descriptive promise. My friends were what would have proved toto be an enlightening discussion.discussion. Clearly, anxious to reach Russell Square but ten minutes of persuasive the No 11 feature of thethe exhibition was the signalsignal generator. banter convinced them thatthat we simplysimply must go toto Westminster 'After`After all,' thethe demonstrator confessed openly,openly, 'It has suchsuch a to record thethe chimes ofof Big Ben. I can only looklook upon thosethose tremendous range - and powerpower too.'too.' ill-spentill -spent minutes with mixed feelings for,for, though we expected toto be Time passed quicklyquickly with rushingrushing around and enjoying the at Westminster by eleven o'clock, we arrivedarrived there by tenten minutes comments of the manufacturers advertising their products' 40 past and I had toto endure fiftyfifty minutes hard ragging fromfrom threethree advantages. EverywhereEverywhere there waswas good sound, bebe itit from tapetape or continued on page 42

www.americanradiohistory.com AUOIOVEWAUDIO VIE W LOOKSLOOMS AT HiHi-Fi -Fi ANOTHER Hl-HHI-FI MUSICMUSIC SYSTEM

KLH Model Twenty

The KLHKLH Research and Development Cor- than thosethose usually available. and 1}1k inchinch direct radiatorradiator tweeter. The poration of Cambridge, Massachusetts,Massachusetts, has The KLH music systemssystems go a long way towards ability of the largelarge speaker's cone toto move been wellwell knownknown for somesome years inin AmericaAmerica solving both thesethese problems.problems. The Model without restrictionrestriction over an unusuallyunusually long as manufacturers of high-fidelityhigh -fidelity loudspeakersloudspeakers Eleven isis aa high-performancehigh- performance stereo systemsystem distance helps toto provide excellent bass re- and complete hi-fihi -fi musicmusic systems. The latterlatter comprising aa Garrard turntableturntable with low-low - sponse with low harmonic distortion even at are nownow being sold in this country and areare mass tone arm, PickeringPickering V-I5V -15 magnetic pick- very high volume.volume. The dimensions of each expected toto satisfysatisfy thethe demands of a great up with diamond stylus,stylus, twotwo KLHKLH miniature speaker cabinetcabinet are 2323} J X 11J-111 Xx 9 inchinch and number ofof music loverslovers who have hithertohitherto been full-range speakers and an all-transistorall-transistor ampli-ampli- they are finished inin oiled walnut veneer to troubled byby two main problems. fier. AllAll this equipment, perfectlyperfectly matched, fits match the plinth of thethe 'control centre'. Many potentialpotential purchaserspurchasers of hi-fihi -fi equipmentequipment into a smartsmart vinyl-cladvinyl-clad suitcasesuitcase and weighs The quality of reproductionreproduction from bothboth these have beenbeen frightenedfrightened off by sheersheer technical only 28 lb.lb. It costs £91£91 5s, including purchase KLH models is extremely good. The UK confusion and by the difficultydifficulty ofof selecting, tax. TheThe model Twenty, costingcosting £172 2s 6d, isis distributors, P. i.J. N. Collaro Electronics Ltd, matching andand assembling thethe several separateseparate a powerful and versatileversatile stereostereo systemsystem incor- 11 Regent Street, London WI, are so confidentconfident pieces of equipmentequipment requiredrequired forfor a completecomplete porating a Garrard transcription unit, Pickering of thethe quality andand reliability of thisthis equipment music system. OnOn thethe other hand,hand, many people cartridge with diamond stylus, stereo amplifier,amplifier, that theythey give a full twotwo-year -year guarantee which who preferredpreferred simple-to-operatesimple -to- operate radiograms stereostereo FM tuner, comprehensive controlcontrol panel covers both components and labour charges. or stereograms have sometimes also wanted and two special speaker enclosures each Brochures containing full technical details such equipment toto be far more compact containing a 10 inch high-compliancehigh- compliance woofer fromfrom P. J. N. Collaro Electrics Ltd as above.

PRICE REDUCTIONS It is understood that Rectavox intendintend toto make their coil-windingcoil -winding The Rectavox Company announce thatthat owing to vast changes in mark- capacity available to constructors and others who require special one-off eting arrangements, coupled with increased capacity, they have been coils. able to reducereduce the listlist prices of theirtheir productsproducts very considerably. The OMNI Mark II loudspeakerloudspeaker system, forfor instance,instance. is now 29i291 gns.gns% 1966 BRITISH AMATEUR TAPE RECORDING CONTEST and the AMBI28AMBI 28 gns. The products remainremain identical except that Ree-Rec- It is regretted thatthat an error has occurred inin the Groups section of the tavox crossovers areare used, employing Rectavox epoxy-pottedepoxy -potted coilscoils Awards. The trophytrophy for the 2nd prizeprize will be the Mastertape Trophy, and of extremely low d.c.d.c. resistance. for thethe 3rd prize, the BASF Shield. 41

www.americanradiohistory.com TAPE RECORD REVIEWS

by Russ Allen

Revolver. The Beatles, Parlophone TA-PMCTA -PMC Souza has been let loose and theythey reallyreally are class and has a pure andand natural effect. 7009. Mono 3i3 ips.ips. a bit too much with choir andand thethe bloomin' lotlot Beautiful! Not as good as Rubber SoulSou! but very originaloriginal and that organ remainingremaining prominent all the and Soul. David Snell. Columbia and containing a couple of absolute gems. while. Harp and Soul. David Snell. Columbia Studio 2 129. 33} rpm. Eleanor Rigby must be one of thethe most Many peoplepeople will, I'm certain,certain, enjoy every Series. TWO 129. LP 33$ rpm. Kenny Clare - drums, Arthur Watts - bass, beautiful songssongs toto be written during thethe pop moment of it but somehow I feel it'sit's over-over - - - Johnny ScottScott - flute. Arrangements by DavidDavid era. The words, pleaseplease do listen to them,them, are orchestrated and II wonder how they get on Johnny - and Johnny Scott with the Johnny so extraordinarily sad with their themetheme of during their public appearances.appearances. They will Snell and Johnny Scott with the Johnny The harp is not, it would lonely people. Lennon and McCartney wrote have beenbeen on a flyingflying visit toto Britain duringduring Scott Orchestra. The harp is not, it would an instrument that lends itself to jazz. it as they have written eleven of the fourteenfourteen November so perhaps somesome of you will havehave seem, an instrument that lends itself to jazz. only think of a couple of jazz harpists tracks. The attractive Rigby tunetune has aa heard themthem in thethe flesh by thethe time you readread I cancan only think of a couple of jazz harpists cuff, Casper Rearden and Mario delightful stringstring quartet backingbacking with a cello this. off the cuff, Casper Rearden and Mario Harp Lorenzi, and I hopehope I'll be forgiven if obligato to Paul's voice. I Just Wasn't Made For This Time has what I I've spelt thosethose names wrongly. David Snell George Harrison, who is responsibleresponsible for thethe sounds likelike aa stormstorm going on andand PelsoundsPetsounds I've has a very good go and is certainly a talented remaining three compositions, plays hishis has a really weird electronicallyelectronically distorted has a very good go and is certainly a talented as here by his sitar toto goodgood effect on several tracks andand II melody. Almost certainly these tracks must musician, as proved here by both his playing and arranging. He was, the sleeve notes say, was particularly impressedimpressed by his introduction have beenbeen made as trickytricky stereostereo stuff and as and arranging. He was, the sleeve notes say, "one time principal harpharp atat the Royal Opera to Love You Too. such would have more to offer than inin mono. 'one principal House, Covent Garden'. Track sixsix is Yellow Submarine, which must Question: When, dear EMI, areare we going to Covent difficult to assess him as a jazz man surely becomebecome the community song ofof all get stereo? I find itit difficult to assess him as a jazz man the time.lime. Already we've heard Chelsea fansfans and perhaps I shouldn't try on the strength of this not because it's not good, singing it as the club'sclub's anthem. As it'sit's Ringo's Latin Romance. Requinto Gonzales with Or- this performance, not because it's not good, but because almost every only solosolo he makes the most of it and teenagersteenagers chestra directed by Lucho Neves. ColumbiaColumbia it'sit's delightful, but because almost every is so that we are usually are writingwriting in to Melody Maker and similarsimilar Studio 2 Stereo.Stereo. TWOTWO 120. LP iij33} rpm.rpm. tracktrack is multi-tapedmulti -taped so that we are usually one more harps from each channel musical papers asking thatthat he should be Requinto isis thethe name for a small four-stringedfour -stringed getting one or more harps from each channel given more singingsinging toto do inin the future. guitar of a particular resonanceresonance and beautybeauty with at times ditto Johnny Scott's flute.flute. The are interesting, the playing Final track,track, Tomorrow Never Knows, isis a of sound, especially when in the magical hands The arrangements are interesting, the playing excellent although forfor jazz,jazz, a little too clinical.clinical. weirdie which soundssounds like a multi-trackmulti -track jobjob of SeiiorSenor Gonzales upon whom,whom, for his excellent although we the jazz idea and treat it as just with a wowed vocal. AllAll very odd but strangelystrangely mastery of it, the appellation Requinto has If we forget the jazz idea and treat it as just then have nothing attractive. AtAt least it's different. been bestowed. popular lightlight music then II have nothing the highest praise to offer. The tunes are Altogether this tapetape isis a grand mixture of He and itit combined with thethe fine orchestraorchestra but the highest praise to offer. The tunes are with Wind, the peculiar Beatle talent. of Senor Neves make the most delightful the usual standards.standards, Gone with thethe Wind, Latin American music I've heardheard in many aa This Can't be Love, When you Wish Upon a year. I won't listlist the twelvetwelve Spanish titles, Star andand aa very upup-tempo -tempo There willwill NeverNever Pet Sounds. The Beach Boys. Capital TA-T2458.TA -T 2458. but one or twotwo will bebe familiarfamiliar toto your Western be Another You where Mr Snell nearly falls Mono ij3i ips. ear II think,think, such asas Perfidia and Autumn over his fingersfingers andand aa super Scott arrangementarrangement Second toto thethe Beatles inin thethe recent Melody Leaves disguised by Spanish toto readread Las of ThisThis Can't bebe Love. For good measure Maker Pop Poll,Poll, thisthis American group have RojasHojas Muertas. Gonzales isis one who mostly and to keep toto fashion Michele. been likenedlikened toto thethe Beatles but I just cannotcannot plays withwith tastefultasteful simplicity, often justjust Exceedingly pleasant listening andand quite see anyany resemblance at all. Possibly a very picking out thethe melody onon a single string, different from thethe usual run of things,things, but slight similarity inin the unison vocal soundsound but whose technique is astounding and,and, likelike I should have preferred it had there been less and sometimes similarsimilar harmonic style during the joke says, "quick`quick as a flash",flash', as inin Contiga effort to be clever. Perhaps we can persuade vocals but otherwise they are way apart.apart. For en lala Distancia whenwhen hishis notes cascadecascade in EMI toto have Mr Snell and company back to one thing,thing, the backings are heavily orchestrated flashing brilliance. the studio again to just be hishis singular selfself so with aa strongstrong accent on organ harmoniesharmonies At other times he makes thethe instrument that we can enjoy him as ifif he wereWere a human to thethe point where some of thethe numbers sound sound like a mandolin. being insteadinstead ofof aa multi-headedmulti -headed studio creation. positively religious. This is an exceedingly lovelylovely record by any Anyway plauditsplaudits to all the ladslads concerned Their singing voices are good and their dictiondiction standard andand thethe quality of recording is very, and especially toto those responsibleresponsible for the enables you toto understand the lyrics. very good. It'sIt's as clean asas a whistle without good, clean, bright recording and well-definedwell- defined Most of the arrangements soundsound as if a pop a trace of surface noise. TheThe stereo isis firstfirst stereo band.

MIKE HOWELL LOOKSLOOKS BACK AT AUDIO conlincontinued d from page 40 disc, and oneone of our group was forced to remark thatthat he would itself and in this department we received a shock which really not play his own equipment for a week or more.more. The demonstra- made us think. We had discussed thethe possibility of creating real tion rooms were crowded as the afternoon worewore on and we found sound at home, and after much lively discourse thethe only conclusion it impossible toto visit the BASF stand and thethe Ferrograph demon- we arrived at was that, even thoughthough youyou may not approach reality, stration. AA longlong conversation with the Brenell representative you mustmust have stereo. My ownown pompous view was thatthat truetrue convinced us thatthat thisthis name was still the king in tape recording; orchestral sound couldcould never be achieved,achieved, but suddenly, whilst another discussion inin thethe EMI roomroom assured us that their studio threading our weary way throughthrough thethe crowds, we pulled up atat the recorder was thethe finest in the world;world; and Tandberg! T-heyThey justjust sound of a trumpet,trumpet, realreal and true. We stood, shocked and amazed knew they were thethe best. Whatever conclusions we could draw and then thethe strings came in, only to confirm thethe fact thatthat stereo from our visit, clearlyclearly no amount of trade talk or reputationreputation was here toto stay ... or perhaps Ortofon had hired thethe London 42 could be quite as convincing as thethe sound made by the equipment Symphony OrchestraOrchestra forfor the day.

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taph thethe FerrographFettog to recor- latest addition home is the the serious Each The 633 for user. is intended range and the professional of actual connoisseur... well as an abstractsrtrficate- forthe dist as with certificate. is supplied of a test An instrument specification instrument form ■inStraments-- to a strict in the instruments i oesi9Designedne performance with all Ferrograph 10 years. parts-as for at least "1 to endure Spare available \ BoUtBuilt to endure to: speeds : areate guaranteedguaranteed^ 'scouP""®this coupon S and post #tnre.oP^operational7 ^i.p.s. - Three and 71- r Then complete LIMITED 3â i.p.s. Interested? CO. S.E.1. 633-1i, 7i and 15 I WBO^S, London,Snd^l" • -3,--, THE FERROGRAPHRoad, 633H programme. illustrated recorded Blackfriars FREE of 84 me the page ^ W\orntonn9Monitoring . __B" swrtchmg.switching. send 64 -page * by "A B" [] Please leaflets. (hich at,son Ferrograph the comprehensivefor which ^ ComPComparison ^ t.0\ send me Manual, .urchase * as control. Please I purchase # Switched Wbias ^ on botU rewrf and 633 Ferrograph when Switched both record model refundable * reads on £1- meter I enclose at left) Level controls. my Ferrograph. in box *pWMek* 6t separate gain conttoia- items required playback. with separate (Tick facilities maximum ^^"'''tn^nto^ide---Mixing to provide * construction Modular ^^^re^heads.* accessibility. NAME service replay heads. * Separate-e^^iavand antpWets. sS record amplifiers. AOOR^ r:T?i * Separate and replay ADDRESS ji11 record forM # Separate-ec° ioputSsocketocte" LH 1 * Separate input OP OP compensated o,oG?o,o4 JJ * Fully pick -up. magnetic AT6K15 erase. Spot output. L.IL. * undistorted pul 3 watts ' * gns. 120120 9nS a ,633633 " Nl0Model „,u 135125 gne-gns. jsAode\Model 633n 633H

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50 — MIMEO! -)— NMI 111111111111111111 iiii wN N NMI .1111:111 . 40 iiiiii=ii.Ci-_ J— w> =N MIME N...—j— — ■ —— NN.— NMIME NN C" r\ Iql.r 30 1!N..rp.-j— 1N./: OEN Ir sal..N.. — Te^11'7111AINIwn r CO H— N =re= N..- —— 4= : 73 N 20 I/ j— 20 / ==

m..iN/I" 4- 2NI. I/=.i = NMI 10 r =' SI 41.11111111MININ1111111=11111111111=M.I11111111111MIEI — — . C: — — H /N N S=NN. — rLt: I NF" 0 i:Ç='i=C=iC C:CC:i 0 10i 0 202 0 550 0 k100 )0 2(200 )0 .5005( )0 10001 DOO 202000 00 505000 00 1C10000 000 2000020( )00 Frequency(c/s)■requt ?ncy (c/s)

This is thethe performance of thethe Solent, a newnew speaker by Attention all addicts Sonotone, costing only £18£18 inin aa modern stylishstylish veneeredveneered Attention all addicts cabinet. You cancan easily pay £10£10 more forfor speakersspeakers which So far we've talked aboutabout the logiclogic ofof this new speaker.speaker. barely equal thethe performance of thethe Solent.Solent. ClipClip out thisthis Now forfor the technicaltechnical details: chart. Use itit as your yardstick of value whenwhen you're shop-shop- Woofer: 6i',6$", 10,00010,000 gauss,gauss, 1*1" pole.pole. ping forfor speakers.speakers. Free Air resonance:resonance: 5050 c/s.c /s. Hi-fiHi -fi connoisseursconnoisseurs have long been familiar withwith Sonotone.Sonotone, Tweeter: Si"—acoustically3$ "- acoustically loadedloaded (i.e.(i.e. customcustom made toto thethe as engineers of fine pick-uppick -up cartridges. Now thisthis respectedrespected actual cabinet). company has produced itsits ownown speaker. It'sIts already thethe Frequency Response: 4040 c/s—20c /s -20 kc/s.kc /s. sensation ofof thethe Audio World. Read the facts. They maymay Sensitivity: 9898 dB atat 12 w. (microphone 6ft). reviserevise your thinking about what you should pay for a Power Handling: 1212 w programmeprogramme level.level. good qualityquality speaker.speaker. Impedance: 8 ohmohm system suitable forfor 8-158 -15 ohm valve or The problem with buyingbuying a speakerspeaker isis knowing where toto transistor amplifiers. stop on price! Unless youyou areare a sheepdog oror an orchestra Drive units coupledcoupled with thethe cross over network have leader youyou may endend upup with refinementsrefinements soso acute you will resulted inin an outstanding andand umrsuallyunusually smoothsmooth response. racelyrarely be ableable to appreciateappreciate them.them. Due toto thethe special design of the bass unit suspensions, For somesome years Sonotone have been looking intointo thethe linear restoringrestoring force against cone movement is ensured. question of speakersspeakers and havehave set out to offer three im-im- set out to offer three This, coupledcoupled with aa high degree of damping ensures aa portant things:—things:- bass responseresponse free from resonances and otherother tonaltonal colouration. The useuse ofof highlyhighly absorbent organic fibrefibre toto line the cabinet ensures a cleanclean middle and upper response.response. Three AchievementsAchievements 1). High enough performance to satisfy 99% of en- thusiasts.thusiasts. 2). A unit ofof a suitable size toto fitfit on a bookshelf.bookshelf. KW! m 3). A sensibly pricedpriced speaker. Sonotone Solent LlO It wasn't easy—buteasy -but now Sonotone have achieved all threethree objects. But claims alone are notnot enoughenough! I SonotoneSonotone offer proof!proof! v We don'tdon't thihkthihk youyou will findfind a speakerspeaker thatthat delivers so " ~ much commonsense value. And the ones that deliver thisthis standard ofof performance will invariablyinvariably costcost you up toto £10 more.

Why notnot write forfor more information to:—to:-

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Get out on location with the fantasticfantastic Grundig digital position indicator, andand monitoring while TK6L portable tape recorder!recorder! Mains or battery recording. A newly developed Grundig DC motor, operated, thisthis machine isis ready for action any fully electrically controlled and stabilized, pro- time, any place.place. With the specially designeddesigned auto vides excellent reliabilityreliability and freedom fromfrom noise. accessory, even a car or boat power supply cancan All this for 73 gns. The Grundig (GRUf1DIG) be used. The TK6L captures livingliving . sound-sound - TK6L-TK6L—portable portable high fidelity. wherever you are. Superb Grundig engineering r 1 means a professional performance—withperformance-with a i Please tell me more about the Grundig TK6L, and dynamic rangerange of 50dB.50dB, and a frequencyfrequency re- send your 3232-page -page colour catalogue illustrating sponse of 50-13,00050- 13,000 c/s at 3J3$ i.p.s. The 6" x 4" newnew Grundig recorders, radios and stereograms.slereograms. speaker punches out a big life-sizelife -size sound, with Name precise clarity. (Block letters, please)Please) Twin track, two speed (18.(11. 31 i.p.s.).i.p.s.), the TK6L Address has sockets for radio, record player, second tape recorder and extension speaker. Other features? PostPott to Grundigorundlo (GB)(GB) Llmltsd,Limited, London, S.E.28S.E.26 ATR2 Six smooth piano-keypiano -key controls, temporary stop.stop, the Grundig TK6L 1_ J

45

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Brenell Mk5Mks TypeType M A newnew ATRATR handbook designed specially forfor those who likelike toto construct their own equip- ment. The circuits—forcircuits amplifiers,amplifiers, pre-amps,pre -amps, l ilk -for tuners, echo units and many otherother items-items - range from the very simple (for(for the beginner) to the more difficult (for(for the experienced con- structor).

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--and—andbe be suresure it soundssounds superb! Mood Music Records available from ATRAIR Loudspeaker tape monitoring, enabling youyou to check Please allow two weeks forfor delivery and adjustadjust youryour recording as itit is being made, is only These records are high quality 12 inch LPs (33$(33} rpm). Each one of thethe assetsassets of thisthis outstanding recorder. All thethe contains a wide selection of opening and closing music, mood and theme music and sound effects highly suitable features thethe discriminatingdiscriminating recordist has come to ex- for tape, slide and cinefilmcinefllm sound tracks. Each record sleeve pect from BrenellBrenell tape recordersrecorders are here—andhere -and manymany gives fullfull details of recordingsrecordings and timings and an instruction leaflet Isis included. others, too. FourFour speedsspeeds (frequency(frequency response 40- MM1 Cine Mood Music 24 tracks Includeinclude openings,openings, closings, 20,000 c/sc/s at 15 i.p.s.),i.p.s.), mixing, superimposing, hinged themes and effects, grand, prelude, tragic, drama, comedy, holiday,holiday, nautical, Christmas, suspense,suspense, etc. deck, pause control, safetysafety erase lock,lock, 8i"81" dia. spools, Airport, jets,jets, fireworks,fireworks, train,train, sea, etc. Price £2 9s. 6d.6d. etc. The price? 93 gns. For the stereostereo enthusiast MM2 Sound for a Picture 25 tracks includeinclude openings, there isis the STB2, £150. closings, themes andand effects. Grand, dramatic, gentle, finale, happy,happy, party, holiday travel,travel, parade, circus, IVr/teWrite for illustrated leaflet ATR12. playtime, etc. Effects: sea, train, jet, baby,baby, crowd, traffic, leaflet ATR12. etc. Price £2 9s. 6d. MM3 Custom Music for 8mm 38 tracks includeinclude openings, closings, themesthemes and effects. Ceremonial, mellow, The key toto Brenell's leadership-leadership - finale, movie finale, holiday, travel, continental,continental, birthday, The MarkMark 5 Series 3 DeckDeck wedding, pageantry, etc. Effects: crowd,crowd, dog, baby, seaside, thunderstorm,thunderstorm, etc. Price £2 9s. 6d. Used on allall Brenell models mono andand stereo. Provision forfor 4 heads. Four tapetape h To: Haymarket 9 Road, speeds.Wow andand flutterflutter content below To: Haymarket Press Ltd., 9 Harrow Road, London, W.2. I Please send me thethe following records [indicate with a ticktick in 0.10 at 7i71 i.p.s. Fast rewind and Si"8i' n the appropriate square(s)]: dia. reelreel accommodation. (Version(Version available toto taketake up to 104"lOf NAB MM1 MM2 MM3 reels) Price £34.0.0. II enclose postal order/cheque/cashorder /cheque /cash for £ for 1, 2, 3 records, plus 2s. post and packing for each record ordered. NAME ADDRESS Brenell Please allow twotwo weeks for delivery. ATR11 BRENELL ENGINEERING CO. LTD. Note: Each record ordered Isis posted separately InIn itsIts own packing,packing. PLEASE WRITE YOUR ADDRESS CLEARLYCLEARLY IN BLOCK LETTERS 46 231-5231 -5 LIVERPOOL ROAD, LONDON, N.I.N.1. NOR 8271 (5 lines)lines) GD611

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mm BEACH BOYS SS. TWIN TRACK r Beach Boys ConcertConcert CAPITOL TA-TTA -T 21982198 mv irsf CuiMKMScLÌ.ME.SIS BftSSniBB@N:: I SLIM WHITMAN KEiraKEITH MMiCU,MI"iiFJ A Travallin'Travellin' Man AOBiBTROBERT AMTIAMD LIBERTY TATA-LBY -LBY 30793079 EEX2ABETHELIZABYTH ay..Law CHER k Cher &091' THETETE ORIGINAL SOUND TRACKTRACK ALBUM LIBERTY TA-LBYTA -LBY 30813081 .QI KfcTfrOGOLIAVYNIEETR000LOWYNI MAYEt' &AYER...ACARLOPOHTI A CARLO TO«TI PROOUCTIOKPWOUCTRR 31 I.P.S.P S TWINTWIN TRACKTRACK MONO TAPE RECOR.ORECORD DAVID LEANLEAN'S S FILM^k-^.^O,FI LM of Hait. It.... nOCTORJZHIliAGOnocroR ZHIYAGO JIMMY SMITH Hoochie Coochie MenMan O TAPE NECORO UO TAPE KECORO VERVE TA-VLPTA -VLP 9142

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I Tape AccessoryAccessory SetSet TAPETAPE RECORDER MONO RECORDERACCESSORIES 3}3; I.P.S.I.P.S. containing Klenzatape,Klenzatape, Metro-Metro - ACCESSORIES 111-21/ Splicer.Splicer, Metro-Brush.Metro -Brush. 30/-30/- m 14. TrackTrack jA each.each. T 'v fil.; ^ gu, STEREOSTEREO i KlenzatapeKlenzatape 'f- 1rv C:'4 r.'.' 3J3â I.P.S.I.P.S. ( 30/- Price perper Kit 13/6.13/6. Refill fluidsfluids 22 TrackTrack 30/ 4/- per bottle. Replacement tapes 6/-.6/ -. ->*»• , ProfessionalProfessional tape record-record- Metro-Splicer ingsings at lessless thanthan blank tapetape Metro -Splicer ,V, Splicer Kit Film prices.prices. Full lengthlength 5/6005/600 Splicer Kit completecomplete withwith Film Emulsion j Scraper andand Spare feet. L.P.L.P. PolyesterPolyester tape.tape. ;Scraper Spare «oast. v--' Cutting Unit—15/-.Unit -I5 / -. Spare Scrapers I/-1/- each.each. SpareSpare Cut-Cut- NOTE THESETHESE EXCITING TITLES:—TITLES:- ting Units 2/6 each. TCHAIKOVSKY'S PIANOPIANO PORGYPORGY ANDAND BESSBESS Metro-TabsMetro -Tabs 3/11 per setset complete with index.index. CONCERTO WESTWEST SIDE STORY Metro-BrushMetro -Brush 2/62/6 each. THE KING ANDAND II THE MUSIC OF ROGERS,ROGERS, SOUTH PACIFICPACIFIC HARTHART & HAMMERSTEIN Metro-StopMetro -Stop 17/617/6 perper set.set. THE MUSIC OFOF MetroMetro-Strobe-Strobe 12/6.12/6. ROMEO ANDAND JULIETJULIET HENRYHENRY MANCINI OVERTURE SCHEHEREZADE Leader Tapes (5(5 colours)colours) 4/64/6 each. TCHAIKOVSKY'S 18121812 MetroMetro-Splicing -Splicing Block MSTI7 9/-.9/-. OVERTURE BEETHOVEN 5th SYMPHONY Tape Recorder Mechanical Maintenance Kit 36/-. SOUND OF MUSIC Tape Recorder Mechanical Maintenance Kit 36/ -. SPARKLE OF STRAUSS MY FAIR LADY WALTZES Available from dealers everywhere. Write for fullfull listlist or availableavailable fromfrom youryour dealerdealer TEMPOTAPE LTD. J metrosound manufacturing co ltd BRIDGE WORKS, WALLACEWALLACE ROAD, LONDON N.I. CANonbur/CANonbury 8641

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Yes, Synchrotape now offers you free insuranceinsurance forfor your tapetape recorder. We'll pay you up to £25 if it's stolen or destroyed by fire.fire. Ensure that your machine has this valuable protection .... , . see the fullfull details enclosed with every 'special-offer''special- offer' pack otof Synchrotape -— high-high-perform- perform- Synchrotape ance tapetape in nine big-valuebig -value sizes, 5, 5|51 and 7 inch, in Standard-,Standard -, Long- and DoubleDouble-play -play grades.grades,

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c°'o 'o,_. •-a !!!lliiiSiNiiÌiìiiiÌ . !!!lFliillugliijjÌÌÍìit ..-=... .dllllllllllll!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII! q!IÌIIIIgiÏItÌÌjÌijiÌijÌiÌÌIÌIÌÌÌIÌiiì- u!lù.... I!!lluUl Il111i!!!lÌÌiiiiÌllllj'..... l41nniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ig!lüiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiïillli!u!ü!!üÏ .lNlllllilllÌ !!uiiiüüì IlIIlII! 1I --I ÌÌÌÌIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIljIllllill14111111i1111!llllilEllUi!!l ll I I ui 111I! I I I I 111111 lÌÌIlItÌ !!l!I!Il11!!!!!lII1ÌII!!itill ÌIiU!Ilil' llllllllllllllH NIIlIIIÌÌIIIIIIIIIIIgI!il!IIII nttiqlll iülqiql !!lllhll illÌ .. !tU!!qiiilll uitiljjüüiia!1!lEt4ipi impl !!!iiqqlpili!!!Ilii!! iii!!!iüüiúÌÌi!!!!!iÌÌÌlliüìi piqi1111ÌÌÌiÌÌÌÌIiÏ £ £ RlUliljiullrlüiiii!üjiiúil 1111 lllliiiii !n!N!!güi.ijj ulll!i!yitf Illllllj !!!!!lIIIIIIIIIIIIIIjiilllllllillljiii!tllltilllllpi!!IIIIIIIIEIIIillllli!!ti!!iiilF !!!!llliill!}iii!itlltllililllil 1111111l111111111111IIIlilljirlltlllll llllhiij mfi IIIiIUr tl!Illllltiilllli!!Iltttilllllttlliii!Iltliilltp1111tillltiitiitll!!i!!Nliliitittlltji!lIIllilillll!lljii IIlIIlIIIIIIIIII11!illÌllüllll!!!!111III!IIÌII!iii!i!}!!!!Elili!!tilllllÌgii!lltiijilll!Itlj!!!i!Iltiiiillp1111 ll Illtl lllll llllllllllll i!t!1

llll I lllllllli I!!!!I! I I l I I EI j!!!ij l ll I II !!! jii li! ii111lI l l ll j111111111111111ÌII IÌ ÌÌÌi!111!!!! II IIII : " ^ l{i ll ltl llll!!ji l ll !! ! l ll lll lil H!!iijiiii, ni!iiii l ll!!111i!iiMjiiiii I I I Ì Ì minting!! I Ì I I Ì I !!« n I I I I I I I p i i then look at the price! Just 44 gns

Exceptional value for the enthusiast-that'senthusiast - that's made easy. • Wood cabinet for purer sound The tape recorder for thethe enthusiast Ferguson's new 3214 tapetape recorder!recorder ! It has reproduction. • Monitoring during recording. every feature needed toto make toptop quality The 3214 is beautifullybeautifully finished in handsome 1 recordingsrecordings-just -just looklook at thisthis listllist! black leatherclothleathercloth with silver-finishsilver- finish "instru- Post this coupon now for fulllull details of FREE!Post • 7" spools giving 17 hours' playingplaying timetime on ment look"look " controls and fittings, and features FREE! the Ferguson tapetape recorderrecorder range. doubledouble-play -play tape (8^(82 hours on tapetape supplied). useful storage space for mike, connecting TO: FERGUSON DIVISION Plays any tape any speed-includingspeed - including stereostereo lead and mains lead.lead. Output is 3 Watts feeding British RadiaRadio Corporation Limited,Limited. Thorn House.House, Upper Saint Martin's Lane, London WC2 with accessory amplifier • Four tracks, three into thethe highly sensitive 7" xx 4*4" ellipticalelliptical speedsspeeds-7^, -7i, 3|34 and 1|1é i.p.s. • Remote pause speaker. Overall frequency range is 40 c/s to NameName. control on microphone. •World-provenWorld- proven Thorn 7 Kc/sKc /s at 112 ^ i.p.s.,i.p.s., 40 c/s toto 14 Kc/sKc /s at 3J3; i.p.s.i.p.s. tape deck. • Automatic end-of-tapeend -of -tape stopping. and 40 c/s to 18 KcKc/s /s at 7^7Z i.p.s. The 3214 has Address _ • FullyFullyinterlocked interlocked piano-keypiano -key controls toto avoid an electronic record lever indicator, graduated accidental erasure. • Double-trackDouble -track replay for volume and tonetone controls, comprehensive in- special effects. • Two-wayTwo -way tape inching-inching - putandput and outputoutputsockets. sockets. Supplied complete with controlled movement of tapetape for precise posi- superior stick-typestick -type microphone.microphone, 900 ft. of free tioning.tioning. • Tape editing index-exactindex - exact editing Long Play tape, spools and connecting leads. L J

FERGUSON MODEL 3214 0NE 0|: A (T) ONE OF A RANGE OF35OF 35 HOME ENTERTAINMENT PRODUCTS MADE BY FERGUSON: TELEVISIONS • RADIOGRAMS - RECORD PLAYERS 'TAPE-TAPE RECORDERS • RADIOS • UNIT AUDIO $ See the,he fullu| rangean ' ' l ' 8e at your locallocal dealer or write lorfor freefree leaflet:leaflet : Ferguson Division ■ British Radio Corporation Ltd • Thorn House ■ Upper Saint Martin's Lane ■ London • W,C.2W.C.2

49

www.americanradiohistory.com RADIO & ELECTRONIC ti"O RADIONIC CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM ABSORBING ©RADIONIC & EXCITING!EXCITING Unique and brilliantly simple. HundredsHundreds ofof educationaleducational establishments—establishments - Universities, Technical Colleges, Schools, the ArmedArmed Forces—areForces -are alreadyalready usingusing Radionic forfor electronic instruction. Enthusiastic owners rangerange from 9 toto 8282 years ofof age. Selected by thethe Council of Industrial Design forfor all BritishBritish DesignDesign Centres. Featured in Sound and TelevisionTelevision broadcasts. The system isis beautifully engineeredengineered fromfrom toptop qualityquality BritishBritish components. No soldering. NoNo mains. NoNo prior knowledge needed. Simply arrange components on perforated transparenttransparent panel, position brass connecting stripstrip underneath,underneath, fix with 6 BA nuts and circuitcircuit worksworks with full efficiency. You cancan thenthen dis-dis- A No. A4 SET and 6-TRANSISTOR6- TRANSISTOR SUPERHETSUPERHET mantle andand buildbuild anotheranother circuit. Your resultsresults are guaranteed by our TechnicalTechnical . . Department andand News Letter Service. All parts availableavailable separately for o. soa ...... _-----_-yrtoxic oxcart x , . . . . . conversion or expansion of sets. NEWNEW! I Our "no"no soldering" printed circuitcircuit board forfor portableportable superhet. Simply insertinsert componentscomponents andand tightentighten nuts.nuts.

No. 11 Set £6.0.2. 1414 Circuits (Earphone) No.No.2 2 Set £7.1.5.£7.1.5. 20 Circuits (Earphone) No.No.3 3 Set £11.2.7.£11.2.7. 22 Circuits (7 x 4in Loudspeaker output) No. 44Set Set £15.3.8.£15.3.8. 26 Circuits (include(include 6 TransistorTransistor andand reflex superhets) Prices (Post(Post Free) I 1=3 o:ia Full _ Full detailsdetails from: r.--;,__."s: ° v - o -- RADIONIC PRODUCTS LIMITED Theoretical Circuit Practical Layout STEPHENSON WAY, THREE BRIDGES, CRAWLEY, SUSSEX (Our '£''E' Series of basic electronic circuitscircuits is available separately). Tel.: CRAWLEYCRAWLEY 2702827028 Trade EnquiriesEnquiries InvitedInvited Send for detailsdetails of E/J08.E/508, our do-it-yourselfdo-it- yourself computer.computer.

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Leaves thethe hands freefree for transcribing,transcribing, note taking,taking, etc., or can bebe used as a remote control. A wide variety of switch actions availableavailable to suitsuit your needsneeds such as Press-Press - On/ReleaseOn /Release Off; Press On/PressOn /Press Off, or doubledouble pressure action (press forfor recordrecord and extra slight pressure for play-back).play- back). Neat and compact, with ribbedribbed rubberrubber tread and foamfoam When orderingordering by Post, pleaseplease quotequote padded base to avoid slip on polished floor. Model no.no. 589J5SC.589/55C. Press On/ReleaseOn /Release OffOff -- 34/3 Incorporates totallytotally enclosed microswitch, ratedrated at 5 amps, 582/59P.582/S9P. Press On/PressOn /Press OffOff -- 39/639/6 250 volts A.C., supplied with 6ft. P.V.C. cable.cable. 589/5DA. Double PressPress ActionAction -- 40/-40/- (Post andand PackingPacking 1/6) Ask your Dealer, or directdirect from:—from: - Enquiries invited from dealers HERGA ELECTRICELECTRIC LTD.LTD. * Enquiries invited from dealers WALLINGFORD ROAD, UXBRIDGE, MIDDLESEXMIDDLESEX Attractive Trade Terms and quantity discounts Telephone: Uxbridge 3521135211 50

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Beware! This one is Wild!

It's Ampex 1100: the professional recorder with an amateur price

Just produced by Ampex, world masters of Audio equipment, Punish it. It can taketake it. Over a third of the weight is rugged the 1100 is packed with exciting features. Features thatthat make diedie-cast -cast aluminium frames. So alignment is critically precise. this professional standard stereo recorder a pleasure to use, a And precision lasts a lifetime. The 1100 is the portable revelation toto hear. It loads the tape automatically, reverses that can take rough handling. And still run silk smooth. An electronically, and the unique dual-capstandual- capstan drive keeps precise airair-tight -tight warranty sees toto that.that. So does our name. Ampex. tape tension without pressure pads, without wow and flutter,flutter, Thrilling voice ...... lovelylovely body. The 1100 not only looks even at thethe slowest speed.speed. good, it sounds good too. Compare it with live sounds; the No frustrating warm up with your 1100. It plays instantly. truth is obvious. Compare it with other recorders; it's so much Perfectly. Because all its electronics are solid-solid-state. state. Tantalium better the difference is embarrassing. capacitors and Silicon transistors tremendously increase over- Most men will never handle a machine this good. What about all reliability and performance. Weight and service problems you?you? Be warned, it will drive you wild. It's the professional are minimised. recorderrecorder with an amateur price. From;From: £149.£149.10. 10. 0. AMPEX

Ampex sales and service facilities are conveniently located throughoutthroughout Europe and the Middle East. For more information write to. Ampex Great Britain Ltd.,Ltd.. Acre Road, Reading, Berkshire, England. Telephone: Reading 84411. Ampex S.A., Via Berna 2, Lugano, Switzerland. Telephone 091/3.81.12. Ampex Europa, G.m.b.H., 6 Frankfurt/Main,Frankfurt/Main, DüsseldorferDiisseldorfer Strasse 24, Germany. Telephone;Telephone: 252001-5.252001 -5. Ampex, 41 Avenue Bosquet, Paris 7e France. Telephone: 705.38.10.

www.americanradiohistory.com |YOURYOUR LOCAL FRANCIS Hi-FiHI-FI inin SussexSussex OFOF STREATHAMSTREATHAM ROWERS w WILKINSWILKINS) includeinclude amongamong theirtheir customers many whowho callcall i personally fromfrom all overover thethe country,country, becausebecause Stocking forfor comparativecomparative demonstrations of the stocksstocks andand serviceservice inin TAPE AND HI-FIHI -FI Ampex, Ferrograph,Ferrograph, Revox,Revox, B 4& O, Tandberg, Truvox. Becket Buildings, UttlehamptonLittlehampton Road,Road, Worthing 51425142 EQUIPMENTEQ U I PM EN Tto to bebe foundfound there.there. With so many shops toto choosechoose from, therethere must bebe excellent reasons whywhy peoplepeople preferprefer toto buybuy fromfrom Francis.Francis. TAPE Perhaps you would care toto findfind out byby calling WIMBLEDON'S tape recorderRECORDER centreCENTRE All LeadingLeading makes Inin stock —- Ferrograph —- Tele- or writing toto usus about your requirements.requirements. funken—Loewefunken -Loewe Opta—Saba—Wyndsor—Philips—Opta- Saba -Wyndsor- Phillps- Grundlg—Brenell—Truvox—FergusonGrundig -Brenell- Truvox- Ferguson etc. Pre-re-Pre -re- corded Tapes MonoMono —- StereoStereo —- Microphones —- ★* VERY LARGE STOCKSSTOCKS OF TAPE AND HI-FIHI -FI Accessories EQUIPMENT Bargain ofof thethe MonthMonth FI-CORDFI -CORD 202202 A OnlyOnly 39 gns. EQUIPMENT TEL-LEE-RADIOTEL -LEE -RADIO 220 TheThe Broadway, WIMBLEDON, 8.W.10S.W.19 LIBertyLIBerty 4M64948 * NO EXTRA FORFOR CREDITCREDIT UPUP TO 18 MONTHS OWN SERVICESERVICE DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENT TAPE RECORDER CENTRE (HX)(MX) * AGENTS forFOR allALL theTHE leadingLEADING makesMAKES ofOF recordersRECORDERS andAND HI-FIHI -FI includinc:—B&O,including -B&O, BRENELL, BRAUN,BRAUN, DUAL. FERROGRAPH.FERROGRAPH, FI-CORD.FI -CORD, •k* FREE SERVICE DURINGDURING GUARANTEE GRUNDIG, KORTING, OPTA-CORD,OPTA -CORD. PHILIPS.PHILIPS, REVOX, ROBUK, SABA.SABA, SONY.SONY, TANDBERG.TANDBERG, TELEFUNKEN.TELEFUNKEN, TRUVOX,TRUVOX, ETC. PERIOD 30 KING CROSS STREET, HALIFAX Halifax 66832 PART EXCHANGEEXCHANGE WITHWITH PLEASUREPLEASURE FRANCIS OFOF STREATHAMSTREATHAM 169-173169 -173 STREATHAMSTREATHAM HIGHHIGH RD., LONDON,LONDON, S.W.I6 Agents forfor Ampex, Akai, Ferro- Between St.St. LeonardsLeonards Open allall dayday PhonoPhone STR G0DLEYS graph, Tandberg,Tandberg. Brenell, B. & O.. ChurchChurch andand StreathamStreatham Stn.Stn. SaturdaySaturday 0192/04660192(0466 GO D L EYS Vortexion.Vortexion, Truvox, Son/.Sony. Leak.Leak, SHUDEHILL, MANCHESTER4MANCHESTER 4 | Quad, Armstrong,Armstrong, Clark && Smith.Smith, Lowther, Fisher. Goodmans, Telephone: BLAckfriarsBLAckfriers 94329432 Wharfedale.Wharfedale, Garrard, Goldring,Goldring, Sole MonchetterManchester DhtributanDistributors ForFor Dual.Dual, Decca. Record Housing, The World FamouiFamous Bryan AmpllflonAmplifiers Fitrobe, G.K.D., etc. TAPE RECORDER COVERS TAPE HIHI-FI -FI CENTRE SHEENSHEEN SPECIALISTS ININ TAPE RECORDERS.RECORDERS, ACCESSORIES HI-FIHI -FI EQUIPMENT Smart waterproof cover to givegive complete protec- YOUR CENTRE FORFOR FRIENDLY HELP—SALESHELP -SALES AND SERVICE tion toto youryour tapetape recorder.recorder. 3 A& 44 STATION PARADE.PARADE, NowNew Open Until 8pm FridaysFridays Made fromfrom rubberisedrubberised SHEEN LANE.LANE, SHEEN PROSPECT 0985 Canvas InIn navy, wine, Ian,tan, LONDON, S.W.I4 (Opposite(Opposite Mortlake Station, S.R.) grey andand bottle green with white contrastingcontrasting pipings, reinforcedreinforced base, handy zip microphone pocket andand name panel. Philips 35343534 ... 87/- 35493549 ...... 79/6 CIHI FRI ER1 E LVJ O RITIHIls 35563556 ... 67/6 V OP CREWECREWE LTD,LTD. V 35583558 ... 65/- EL3542 83/-63/- Head Office: 14 Hightown, Crewe. Tel. 3327 EL3536E L3536 ... 70/- EL3515 57/657/8 HiHi-Fi -Fi CENTRE: 28 HIGHTOWN, CREWE GrundlgGrundig TK.1 49/8 EL3541/15 ... 57/6 TK.5 56/- 3541/H ... 72/- Technical Division:Division; 19/21 Ludford SL,St, Crewe. TK.6 67/6 Cossor 16011601 ... 63/- TK.8 63/- 16021602 57/6 TK.14, 23,23, 18 59/6 1604 ... 79/- TK.14L.TK.14L, 17L.17L, 16051605 ... 84/- 23L.23L, 18L ..... 67/6 StellaSlella ST454 ... 57/6 EßSIN '' PROFESSIONAL TK.20 52/6 „ ST455ST455 ... 63/- TK.24 65/- ST458 .. 79/- Bib RECORDING TK.25 55/- „ ST459ST459 84/- y/7» w. TAPE SPLICER TK.30 60/- Saba 2305 . 79/679/8 TK.35 63/- Tandberg 72, 72b, 74.74, fee, TK.40 & 4141 ... 66/- 74b.74b, 823, 843; Hard case 141/8141/8 5 CORE • •/ SOLDER TK.46 82/- Soft casecase 112/6 TK.55 63/- Tandberg 62, 64, 62b.62b, NEW TK.60 ... 75/ - Hard case ...... 141/6 TK.400 67 /6 Soft casecase ...... 112/6 Size 15 Complete TK.830/3D ... 63/- Brenell Mk. 5 +5M+ SM ... 77/- Cub ... 35/- Truvox R92, 9494 and 102 99/- SOLDER DISPENSER with razor cutter Telefunken 85 .. 65/- Robuk RK.3 ++RK.4 RK.4 ...... 67/6 For transistors, printed cir- A handy precision tool for quick and 75/15, 76K 55/- FerrographFerrogreph ...... 88/- cuits, small components. 21 accuratoaccurate editingediting-no -no wastage or post ... 95 69/6 Sony 521 ...... 90/- ft. collcoil of 60/40 alloy, 22 editing clicks. Pays forfor itself by using Revox F 84/- Philips 81088108 57/6 Revox F 84/- s.w.g. up all your 3548 79/6 OplacordOptacord 414+412414 +412 +416+ 416 63/- s.w.g. inin dispenser for quick, up all your odd lengths ofof tape.tape. easy soldering. J/. each Chrome plated. 1816IB'Seach Without; pocket 31_ each each Obtainable from High Fidelity and electrical shops or write to: A. BROWN & SONS LTD. MULTICORE SOLDERS LTD..LTD., HEMEL HEMPSTEAD, HERTS. iif44" 24-2824-28 GEORGE STREET, HULL. TEL.: 25413, 25412 52 M305

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Classified adTertisemenlsadvertisements in 'Amateur`Amateur Tape Record-Record- MAGNETIC TAPE ing' per word, IOs. Box 6d Visit thethe North'sNorth's FinestFinest Tape Recorder Showroom. ing' costcost is per word, minimum 10s, Box Nos. is 6d extra. Advertisements andand remittancesremittances shouldshould be sent A uniqueunique tapetape buy.buy. Top brandbrand 77 in,in, 2,4002.400 ft. 254;25s: AilAll leadingleading makes in stock,stock, readyready for demonstration.demonstration. 5i5) in.in, 1.200 ft.ft. I5s;15s; PP & P: 1I atat Zs.2s, 2 at 2j2s 9rf.9d, 3-6 at Tape, Mies., Mixers, all accessories, Tape Records. to ClassifiedClassified Advertisement Department,Department, ATR, 86-88 Tape, Mies., Mixers, all accessories. Tape Records. EdgwarcEdgware Road,Road, London W2. 343s 6d. Bargains inin all sizes.sizes. SAE forfor list.list. E. C.C. Kings- Separate Hi-FiHi -Fi andand constructors showrooms.showrooms. Full Icyley & Co Ltd,Ltd, 9393 Tottenham Court Road, London Wl.WI. Technical Service.Service. EUSton 6500. (TC) PERSONAL Ampex SeriesSeries 600600 ProfessionalProfessional RecordingRecording Tape. Type Sleep-LearningSleep-Learning and Therapy.Therapy. TwoTwo revolutionaryrevolutionary tech-tech- 641. 1800 ftft Mylar onon 77 inin spool. Complete with niques inin the respectiverespective fieldsfields ofof Academic LearningLearning leader. Brand new,new, inin maker's boxes. Usual price £3. and Mental HealthHealth whichwhich havehave been renderedrendered possiblepossible Limited quantity availableavailable atat 67/- for two spoolsspools PP && by thethe invention of thethe tapetape recorder.recorder. Learn difficultdifficult P 2/-2/- (or(or 37/- singlysingly P & P 1/6). E.E. C.C. Kingsley & lessons, memorizememorize new datadata atat shortshort notice, master Co,Co. 93 Tottenham CoortCourt Road, LondonLondon Wl.WI. EUS foreign languages,languages, partsparts inin playsplays or improveimprove youryour 6500. (TC)(TC) CUSSmmiLIGHT mental powers. 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Agents forfor EarisfieldEarlsfield Ltd, 266/8 Upper TootingTooting Road, LondonLondon Also available onon hire. LeafletLeaflet on request.request. W.H.M. 35 WORTHING all makes ofof TapeTape RecordersRecorders andand VHIiersVilliers Road,Road, Watford,Watford, Herts. equipment. Servicing andand Repairs. SW17. Tel BALBAL 9174.9174. (TC)(TC) EMI ProfessionalProfessional unusedunused tape,tape, longlong play.play, 3,600 ft.ft. TAPE you are genuinely seeking a let the Highchute Ltd, 359 7288). 22 NewNew Broadway, If yon are genuinely seeking a marriage partner, let the Highchule Ltd. 359 Oxford Street, Wl.WI. (GRO(GRO 7288). Margaret LynnLynn Bureau, 7878 CedarCedar Grove.Grove, Ycovil,Yeovil. (12/66)(12/66) TarringTairing Road, Worthing, Somerset, help. Strictly confidential. Brochure onon RECORDER Sussex. CashCash discountdiscount on most famousfamous makes ofof tapetape re-re- application. 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VastVast selectionselection thusiast. 8mm tellstells youyou allall you need toto knowknow onon how at 75s each - send SAE for free lists or call at London 12 Oxford St., Newcastle upon Tyne where at 754 each - send SAE for free lists or call at London to taketake cineeine filmsfilms and where to looklook for subjects. showrooms. TcletapeTeletape ofof Marble Arch.Arch, 3333 EdgwareEdgware Telephones 2690226902 and 2014220142 Packed with newsnews ofof thethe latestlatest cineeine developments,developments, un-un- Road.Road, W2.W2, (TC)(TC) biased testtest reportsreports andand hintshints on sound and cine.eine. AllAll American pre-recordedpre -recorded stereostereo tapestapes are cheaper from Tape Recorder SalesSales —- SpecialisedSpecialised ServiceService forfor only 2s 6d6d a month, or specialspecial introductoryintroductory sub-sub- Dublin. Complete range and prices from Tape toto Disc —Recording-Recording Studio scription offer ofof 254-25s aa year fromfront SubscriptionSubscription Dept.Dept. Dublin. Complete range and prices from Harrison 8mm,8rani, Haymarket PressPress Ltd, 9 Harrow Road, Lon- catalogue at 2s2s 6d.6d. Details:Details: Music USA, 201 PearsePearse don W2. Street, Dublin 2.2, Ireland. (12/66)(12+66)

MASSEY'S TAPE/DISC/TAPETAPE /DISC/TAPE WALES' CENTRE OF SOUND Tape toto Disc Recording. FinestFinest professionalprofessional quality:quality: 10 inin LP.LP, 424:42s: 1212 inin LP.LP, 484;48s; 7 inin EP.EP, 214;21s; 4040 ftft recording studio;studio: 4848 hourhour postalpostal return service. Any LEADING PRE-RECORDEDPRE - RECORDED speed tapes. SAE for leaflet. Deroy Sound High 121121-123 -123 HighHigh Road Chiswick London W4 speed tapes. SAE for leaflet. Deroy Sound Service, High Bank,Bank. Hawk Street, Carnforth, Lanes.Lancs. (TC) telephonetelephone CHIswickCHlswick 2082 TAPE STOCKISTS Rapid Recording Service. RecordsRecords made fromfrom youryour own tapestapes (48-hour(48 -hour service). Master DiscsDiscs andand press- Offer aa comprehensivecomprehensive rangerange of E.M.I. ings. RecordingRecording StudioStudio - Demo Discs.Discs. Mobile record-record- Stereo andand Mono music onon tape. Also full ings, any distance.distance. Brochure fromfrom 21 BishopsBishops Close. range of Language course tapes. SendSend L.E.C. (Leyton) ELECTRICAL CO. E17. (TC)(TC) L.E.C.(Leyton) ELECTRICAL CO. S.A.E. (6d)(6d) forfor free list. By return postal If qualityquality and durability matter (especially(especially with.with LPs service of stockstock items from:—from: - 120 HIGH ROAD, LEYTON, E.15 from youryour precious tapes), consultconsult Britain's oldestoldest service. mobile LEYtonstone 6814 transfer service. Our mobile unitsunits attendattend anywhereanywhere ROATH RADIO && TELEVISION Co LEYtonstone 6814 forfor mono-slcreomono -stereo master recording. StudioStudio with pro-pro- Dept A.T.R.A.T.R. Stockists of:of: Fcrrograph,Ferrograph, Votexion, Brenell,Breed!, Revox, fessionalfessional facilitiesfacilities available. Records published taxtax Rogers, Armstrong, Leak, Goodmans,Goodman, KEF,KEF, Record freefree forfor schools,schools, choirs,choirs, orchestras.orchestras. SoundSound NewsNews Pro-Pro- 25 MORGANMORGAN ARCADE.ARCADE, CARDIFF. Phone:Phone: 26838 Housing Furniture, etc. Tapes by BASF, AGFA, ductions, 1818 Blenheim Road, LondonLondon W4.W4. Tel: 995- Housing Furniture, etc. Tapes by BASF, AGFA, 1661. (4/67) ZONAL 3' toto 10*.10'. Demonstrations inin thethe Home. TapeTape 1661. (4/67) to Disc Service.Service.

| AMATEUR TAPE RECORDING SUBSCRIPTION FORM The specialists ■ Make certain you receivereceive your copy of AMATEUR TAPE RECORDING Video and Hi-FiHi -Fi byby ' completing thisthis form and sendingsending it,it, with your annualannual subscription, to:to: in design and production of I AMATEUR TAPETAPE RECORDING, SUBSCRIPTION DEPT, 1. 9 HARROW ROAD, LONDON W2 high grade PleasePlease send AMATEUR TAPE RECORDING Video and Hi-FiHi -Fi forfor one year, commencing with | thethe next (_( .)) issue,issue, to thethe address below. I enclose thethe annual subscription | of thirty shillings (30s). ATR will pay thethe postage. sound equipment of thirty shillings (30s). ATR will pay sound equipment , Name — GRAMPIAN REPRODUCERSREPRODUCERS LTDLTD Address " \ Hanworth I Lframpianrampian J Trading Estate, I Date.Date L-/ ' / Feltham,Feltham, Middx.Middx. - I Tape Club members wishing to avail themselvesthemselves of thethe specialspecial Club Subscription raterate ofof 25s per ForFor straightstraight dealingdealing deal with Grampian with | annum should applyapply to theirtheir local Club Secretary. All Club ordersorders must bearbear the Club Secretary's be Department, , signaturesignature and be sent toto thethe Subscription Department. 53

www.americanradiohistory.com TEST REPORTSREPORTS ATR Complete and comprehensivecomprehensive test reportsreports onon tape recordersrecorders andand relatedrelated equipmentequipment areare postal includedincluded inin everyevery issueissue ofof ATR. TheThe following are stillstill availableavailable and may bebe ordered forfor 3s.3s. each by completing thethe coupon below. bookshop Akai 44 SS stereostereo tape recorder AugustAugust 6565 Akai X 4 stereostereo portableportable tape recorderrecorder OctoberOctober 65 A selectionselection of audio handbooks and guidesguides readily available toto Armstrong 224 FMFM tunertuner andand stereo decoderdecoder June 65 you throughthrough HaymarketHaymarket Press Ltd. (All prices includeinclude postage Beocord 20002000 K De LuxeLuxe November 66 and packing.)packing.) Beocord 20002000 TT stereostereo tapetape recorderrecorder February 6666 1 Dramatape Guide by H. Woodman (Focal Press Ltd) 91- Beomaster 10001000 Amplifier/TunerAmplifier /Tuner NovemberNovember 6666 Ltd) 9/- 4 TheThe Loudspeaker Guide by J. Borwick Carol CinesoundCinesound film/tapefilm /tape synchronizersynchronizer March 6666 (Focal Press Lid)Ltd) 91-9/ -- Eumig Phonomatic projectorprojector forfor synchronizingsynchronizing 5 Magnetic Sound by J.J. Chittock withwith a tapetape recorder March 6666 (Focal Press Lid)Ltd) 14/- Ferrograph ModelModel 633633 November 66 6 The Microphone Guide by J. Borwick Goodmans' Magnum KK loudspeaker April66April 66 (Focal Press Ltd) 9/-91- 7 The TapeTape Editing Guide by R. Hock Goodmans' MaxampMaxamp 3030 amplifieramplifier September 6666 (Focal Press Lid)Ltd) 91-9/- Grampian ReverberattonReverberation Unit May 6666 8 Radio andand Electronic HobbiesHobbies by F.F. C. JuddJudd GrundigGrundig TK 2323 AA automaticautomatic tapetape recorderrecorder March 6565 (Museum Press) 23/6 Koss Model SP-3XSP -3X StereophonesStereophones NovemberNovember 66 9 FM RadioRadio Servicing Handbook by G. J. King Philips EL 3301 cassette tapetape recorderrecorder December 65 (Odhams( Odhams Press) 27/6 10 Practical Hi-FiHi -Fi Handbook by G.G. J.J. King Philips ELEL 7500/00-microphone7500/00 microphone kitkit October 66 (Odhams)(Odhams) 27/6 Pye AcholcAchoic Stereo hi-fihi -fi systemsystem JanuaryJanuary 66 11II Radio and Audio Service Handbook by G.G. J. King Pye NFSHFS 30 TT hi-fihi -fi stereostereo amplifieramplifier September 65 (Odhams)( Odhams) 27/6 Rectavox OmniOmni Mk IIIl loudspeaker SeptemberSeptember 66 12 A toto Z in AudioAudio by G. A. Briggs Saba TK 230230 S 4-track4 -track stereostereo recorderrecorder AprilApril 65 (Rank WharfedaleWharfedale Lid)Ltd) 17/- 13 by F. C. Judd Scott 200B amplifier JulyJuly 6565 13 Circuits for AudioAudio and Tape Recording by F. C. Judd (Haymarket Press Lid)Ltd) 8/6 Sony TC -250 Sony TC-250 A stereo record/replay unitunit March 6666 14 Audio and Acoustics by G. A. Briggs Sony-O-MaticSony -O -Matic TC-135TC -135 August 66 (Rank Wharfedale Ltd)Ltd) 14/- SonySony-O-Matic -O -Matic TC-900TC -900 portable tape recorderrecorder JuneJune 6666 15 Audio Biographies by G. A. Briggs Tandberg ModelModel 9 tape recorderrecorder February 65 (Rank Wharfedale Ltd) 26/6 G. Telefunken 201201 tapetape recorder June 66 16 Cabinet Handbook by G. A. Briggs (Rank(Rank Wharfedale Ltd) 9/-91- Topsonic converter - silent projector toto 17 Loudspeakers by G. A. Briggs stripe-soundstripe -sound unit March 66 (Rank Wharfedale Ltd) 27/6 Tripletone FM Tripletone FM Tuner October 66 18 More About Loudspeakers by G. A. Briggs Truvox R44 tape recorderrecorder October 66 (Rank Wharfedale Lid)Ltd) 10/- Truvox R 102102 tape recorderrecorder November65November 65 19 Musical Instruments andand Audio by G. A. Briggs Truvox Series 100 stereostereo tapetape system October 66 (Rank Wharfedale Ltd) 35/- 20 Tape Recording forfor Everyone by F.F. C. JuddJudd Uher 2222 Hi-FiHi -Fi SpecialSpecial September 66 (Blackie & Son)Son) 12/- Uher 724 -L stereo tape recorder Uher 724-L stereo tape recorder July 66 21 Electronic Music by F. C. Judd Wyndsor Vanguard tapetape recorderrecorder May 66 (Neville Spearman) 17/- 22 Communal Aerials and Coaxial by Gordon J. King Relay Practice 9/6

ATR Back Numbers, Haymarket Press, 9 Harrow Road, London W2 Please send me thethe followingfollowing back ' TO: ATR POSTAL BOOKSHOP, 9 HARROW ROAD,ROAD, LONDON W2. numbers of ATRATR at 3s per copy.copy. Please sendsend me the following:following: I enclose cheque/postalcheque /postal order forfor toto covercover the cost.cost. copiescopies ofof bookbook No..No. ® £ s d

MONTH YEAR MONTH YEAR

St Cheque/PO (made payable to Haymarket Press Ltd) enclosed for £_£ Send books to: Name Name Address Address

P.B. 12/6612/66 54 L

www.americanradiohistory.com Studio quality--from SONY

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MODEL TC 7774J777 4J (left) and MM (right). FEATURES ■ Fully transistorised ■ 3 head, 3 motor systemsystem ■ Separate record and playback amplifiersamplifiers ■ IndividualIndividual Mic/LineMic /Line levellevel controls forfor mixed recordings ■ Sound-on-soundSound -on -sound and soundsound-with-sound -with -sound recording ■ Electro-magneticElectro- magnetic controls, duplicated inin remoteremote control unit ■ Flywheel balanced tape guide ■ IntegralIntegral Record/replayRecord /replay headhead ■ Price TC 777777 4J-2974J -297 gns.gns. TC 777IVI-195777M -195 gns.

SPECIFICATIONS: Power requirements:requirements: 90 watts. 100.100, 110.110, 117.117. 220 oror 240 volts.volts. Motors;Motors: Capstan motor—4motor -4 polepole Hysteresis synchronous.synchronous. 50/60 cycles.cycles. Reel spindle motor—2,motor -2. 44 pole inductioninduction motor. Tape speeds:speeds: Instantaneous selection 7i71 ipsips or 3}31 ips.ips. Dimensions: 16}'16K (W)x10r(H)x18r(W) x 101' (H) x 18 }' (D).(D). Recording track: i track.track. Weight: Approx. 4242 lb. Operating angleangle position: Horizontal oror Vertical. Accessories approx. 10 lb. Frequency response:response: 30-17.00030- 17.000 cpscps atat 7i71 ips. 30-10,00030- 10,000 cpscps atat Si31 ips.ips. Signal-to-noiseSignalto -noise ratio:ratio: Better than 5050 dB. The followingfollowing specificationsspecifications apply to thethe 777 4J only: Harmonic distortion: Less thanthan 1%1% whenwhen recordedrecorded atat normalnormal max. Power requirements:requirements: 85 watts. 100/240 VAC. 50/60 cycles.cycles. recordingrecording level.level. Recording track: }i tracktrack recordrecord playbackplayback plusplus if track playbackplayback only.only. (12 dBdB belowbelow saturationsaturation ofof tape). Frequency response: 40-15 Kcs±2dBKcs ±2 dB atat 717t ips.ips. Recording levellevel indicator:indicator: VUVU meter. Inputs:Inputs; MicrophoneMicroohone -65-65 dB (0.44 mv).mv), 600600 ohms Monitor: From inputinput oror off thethe tapetape while recording.recording. unbalanced. Erasing effect:effect: BelterBetter than 6565 dB.dB. UneLine -12 dB (0.2v). TOOK100K ohms unbalanced. Flutter and wow: Less thanthan 0.15%0.15% RMS atat 7i71 ips.ips. Rec/PBRec/PB connector (DIN). Outputs;Outputs: Line output (switched) 0 dB (0.775v).(0.775v), 600 ohms Fast forwardforward and rewindrewind timetime: Within 105105 seconds using aa 1.8001,800 ft.ft. tape.tape. unbalanced. Bias frequency:frequency: 92 kckc ±f 10%10 %.v 0 dBdB (0.775v),(0.775v), 100K ohmsohms unbalanced. Inputs: Microphone lowlow impedanceimpedance 600600 ohmsohms BinauralBmaural monitor -3 dBdB (0.55v),(0.55v), 100100 ohmsohms unbalanced. High impedanceimpedance 100100 K ohmsohms unbalanced. unbalanced. Fast forwardforward and rewind:rewind: Within 90 secondsseconds (1,800(1.800 ft.ft. ofof tape).tape). Outputs: External speakerspeaker monitor 3 watts RMSRMS intointo 8 ohms Dimensions: 17.5' (W)(W) x 8.7'8.7' (H) x 17.9'17.9' (D).(D). externalexternal amplifieramplifier loadload impedanceimpedance notnot lessless thanthan 10 K Weight: Recorder unit approx. 4242 lb.lb. ohms earpieceearpiece monitoring. Accessories approx. 11 lb.lb.

RESEARCHSON'a MAKES THE DIFFERENCE See your locallocal SonySony dealer nownow oror writewrite to:-to:- Sony U.K. Sales Division, Mercia Road, Gloucester. Tel: Gloucester 26841. London Showrooms;Showrooms: 70-7170 -71 Welbeck Street, London, W.I.W.1. Tel: HUNter 2143.

www.americanradiohistory.com Christmastime! PartyPartytime! time! AnyAnytime! time! BASF Recording Tape will make it permanently memorable

Having the family overover for Christmas?Christmas? ThenThen remember itit all on BASF Tape. BASF'sBASF's world-wideworld -wide reputation for quality willwill keepkeep thesethese memories alivealive for ever. Remember this too: BASF Tapes andand accessories make really wonderfulwonderful gifts at Christmas oror at any time.time.

New BASF Round PackPack New BASFBASF Library BoxBox BASF Letter Tapes Tape Cutter Box Newly launched thisthis year.year, The newnew BASF Library BoxBox isis better Your friends will behe de- A complete kit containing everythingeverything needed forfor Round Packs areare completelycompletely looking;looking; harderharder wearing, and costs nono lighted toto actuallyactually hear editing tape.tape. Semi-automaticSemi- automatic splicer with spare airtightairtight—ensure -ensure that tapestapes more. It'sIts solidlysolidly builtbuilt toto givegive valuable from youyou thisthis Christmas. knife andand groove:groove; tapetape clips:clips; leaderleader tape;tape; arrive absolutely freefree fromfrom tapes greater protection andand longerlonger life Use a BASF Letter Tape splicing tape; labels etc. InIn attractive plastic dust and dirt.dirt. than everever before. Perfect forfor useuse with specially made forfor mailing. box. the new BASF RoundRound Pack.Pack.

Mogneffc Recording Tope SYMBOL OF AUTKENTICAUTH"FNTIC SOUND

For further details write tor-to:-

BASF UNITED KINGDOM LIMITED, 5a Gillespie Road, London, N.S.N.5. Tel: CANonbury 2011

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