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Front cover Business Process Management Design Guide Using IBM Business Process Manager Dr. Ali Arsanjani Nakul Bharade Magnus Borgenstrand Philipp Schume J. Keith Wood Vyacheslav Zheltonogov In partnership with Academy of Technology Redbooks International Technical Support Organization Business Process Management Design Guide: Using IBM Business Process Manager April 2015 SG24-8282-00 Note: Before using this information and the product it supports, read the information in “Notices” on page ix. First Edition (April 2015) This edition applies to IBM Business Process Manager version 8.5.5. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2015. All rights reserved. Note to U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights -- Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Notices . ix Trademarks . x IBM Redbooks promotions . xi Preface . xiii Authors . xiv Now you can become a published author, too . xvii Comments welcome. xvii Stay connected to IBM Redbooks . xviii Chapter 1. Introduction to successful business process management . 1 1.1 Introduction to business process management. 2 1.1.1 What . 2 1.1.2 When. 7 1.1.3 Why: The value of BPM . 10 1.2 Influences on a successful BPM project . 18 1.2.1 Project delivery methodology . 18 1.2.2 Center of Excellence . 19 1.2.3 People . 21 1.3 Things to consider before a project starts . 21 1.3.1 Access to resources . 21 1.3.2 Often overlooked. 22 1.4 Conclusion. 23 Chapter 2. Approaches and process discovery . 25 2.1 Why BPM is important. 26 2.2 The BPM journey. 27 2.3 The six pillars of success for BPM . 29 2.3.1 Assessments and maturity models: Course corrections . 30 2.3.2 A strategic roadmap and tactical plan . 30 2.3.3 Agile methods and processes: Driving skills, predictability, and consistency within the organization . 31 2.3.4 Reference architecture: A blueprint or template to be instantiated by various business lines . 32 2.3.5 Governance: Institutionalizing consistency through centers of excellence. 32 2.3.6 Tools and software platforms: Automating the process with state-of-the-art capabilities . 32 © Copyright IBM Corp. 2015. All rights reserved. iii 2.4 Business process and Smarter Process Maturity Model: A roadmap . 33 2.4.1 The spectrum of the Smarter Process Maturity Model . 34 2.4.2 The dimensions of maturity . 35 2.4.3 Knowledge worker processes . 36 2.4.4 Automated business processes . 37 2.4.5 Rules and decisions . 38 2.4.6 Analytics and KPIs . 39 2.4.7 Services in an SOA . 39 2.4.8 API management . 40 2.4.9 Data, content, and information architecture . 41 2.4.10 Infrastructure and non-functional requirements . 41 2.5 Estimating IBM BPM projects . 42 2.5.1 Dimensions of complexity . 42 2.5.2 Degrees of complexity. 43 2.5.3 BPM artifact complexity: Some indicative samples. 46 2.6 IBM Smarter Process Method . 47 2.6.1 Workstreams . 48 2.6.2 The IBM Smarter Process Method: Details. 50 2.6.3 Techniques and phases of the IBM Smarter Process Method . 52 2.7 IBM component business modeling . 52 2.8 Process inventory . 56 2.9 Process Inventory, Variation Analysis, and Roadmap . 57 2.9.1 Variation-oriented analysis . 57 2.9.2 Steps in the PIVAR . 58 2.10 Blueprint or Macro Design. 62 2.10.1 Breadth and depth of requirements. 62 2.10.2 Integrations and services . 63 2.10.3 Explore the tracks . 63 2.11 Project . 64 2.12 Program. 65 2.13 Process Factory . 67 2.14 Migration . 69 2.15 Top Down - Bottom Up . 71 2.16 Conclusion. 72 Chapter 3. Solution analysis and architecture considerations. 73 3.1 High-level solution analysis and design . 74 3.2 Application architecture considerations. 76 3.2.1 Using IBM BPM Coaches or building custom user interfaces. 76 3.2.2 Top Down versus Bottom Up design considerations . 81 3.2.3 IBM BPM Standard or IBM BPM Advanced . 85 3.2.4 IBM BPM Advanced or IBM Integration Bus . 86 3.2.5 IBM BPM rules or IBM Operational Decision Manager . 87 iv Business Process Management Design Guide: Using IBM Business Process Manager 3.3 External system of record considerations . 88 3.3.1 Introducing an external SOR into the IBM BPM process application solution . 89 3.3.2 Business entities . 92 3.3.3 IBM BPM business object model design considerations. 92 3.3.4 Accessing existing system of records . 96 3.3.5 Locking mechanism for concurrent access . 97 3.3.6 Accessing reference data . 97 3.4 Integration architecture considerations . 100 3.4.1 Advanced Integration Services . 104 3.5 Infrastructure architecture considerations . 105 3.6 Conclusion. 107 Chapter 4. Security architecture considerations . 109 4.1 Why BPM security is important . 110 4.1.1 IBM BPM is part of your “corporate DNA” . 110 4.1.2 IBM BPM users have access . 112 4.1.3 IBM BPM has unique security considerations. 113 4.2 Installation concepts and hardening steps . 114 4.2.1 BPM and WebSphere concepts . 115 4.2.2 Hardening steps . 122 4.3 Authentication . 127 4.3.1 WebSphere user registry . ..