DOCSLIB.ORG

Efficacy of Seed Extracts of Annona Squamosa and Annona Muricata (Annonaceae) for the Control of Aedes Albopictus and Culex Quinquefasciatus (Culicidae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Efficacy of Seed Extracts of Annona Squamosa and Annona Muricata (Annonaceae) for the Control of Aedes Albopictus and Culex Quinquefasciatus (Culicidae) View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4(10): 798-806 798 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtb Document heading doi:10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C1264 2014 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. All rights reserved. 襃 Efficacy of seed extracts of Annona squamosa and Annona muricata (Annonaceae) for the control of Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus (Culicidae) 1 1 2 Lala Harivelo Raveloson Ravaomanarivo *, Herisolo Andrianiaina Razafindraleva , Fara Nantenaina Raharimalala , Beby 1 3 2,4 Rasoahantaveloniaina , Pierre Hervé Ravelonandro , Patrick Mavingui 1Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Po Box 906, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar 2International Associated Laboratory, Research and Valorization of Malagasy Biodiversity Antananarivo, Madagascar 3Research Unit on Process and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Po Box 906, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar 4UMR CNRS 5557, USC INRA 1364, Vet Agro Sup, Microbial Ecology, FR41 BioEnvironment and Health, University of Lyon 1, Villeurbanne F-69622, France PEER REVIEW ABSTRACT Peer reviewer Objective: Annona squamosa Annona é è muricata To evaluate the potential efficacy of seed extracts of Aedes and albopictus Dr.é éDelatte H l ne, UMR Peuplements Culexused quinquefasciatus as natural insecticides to control adult and larvae of the vectors V g taux et Bio-agresseurs en M’ ilieu andMethods: under laboratory conditions. Tropical, CIRAD-3P7, Chemin de l IRAT, Aqueous and oil extracts of the two plants were prepared from dried seeds. Preliminary 97410 Ligneé Paradis, Saint Pierre, La identifications of the chemical components of each seedAedes extracts albopictus were performedCulex quinquefasciatus using micro- R union, France. Tel: 026249 9235, Fax: reactional and GCP techniques. Larvae and adults of and 026249 9200, E-mail: [email protected] were collected from the breeding sites in coastal and highlands regions of Madagascar. WHO Co-reviewer: Prof. Victor Jeannoda, standardized tests of susceptibility for larvae and imaginal stage of mosquitoes were realized to Antananarivo, Madagascar. Results:determine mortality and LC50 of mosquitoes. C Comments hemical identifications showed that these extracts contain alkaloids and flavonoids compounds that probably confer their biological insecticidal proprieties. CPG analysis showed This is a good research work in also the presence of various fatty acids. On adult mosquitoes, significant insecticidal effects were which authors have demonstrated the observed with both aqueous and oil extracts of the two plantAnnona seeds compared muricata to mortality induced by deltamethrin, an insecticide used as reference. Extracts of induced high mortality insecticideA. squamosa activity ofA. twomuricata Annonaceae Annona squamosa ( and ) seed rate to both species of mosquito compared to extracts of at all concentrations extracts against two mosquito species Conclusions:tested. The LC50 of seed extracts ranged from 1% to 5% for adults and 0.5% to 1% for larvae. of health importance. The activity The seed extracts of these two plants may be used as mosquito controlling agents and offer a new approach to a less costly, practical and environmentally friendly control of vector was assessed based in onvivo biochemicalA. borne diseases. parameterssquamosa A.and muricata tests. and were found to be promising candidate plants for future KEYWORDS insecticide use on mosquitoes. Details on Page 805 Annonaceae, Seed extracts, Biological insecticides, Chikungunya, Rift Valley fever, Vector control 1. Introduction outbreaks of chikungunya and Rift Valley fever[1-3]. The chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was detected in the coastal Since 2006, Madagascar was affected by successive regions of Madagascar such as Toamasina, Antsiranana *Corresponding author: Lala Harivelo Raveloson Ravaomanarivo, Departement of Article history: Entomology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, Po Box 906, Antananarivo Received 27 Nov 2013 (101), Madagascar. Received in revised form 12 Feb, 2nd revised form 19 Mar, 3rd revised form 6 Apr 2014 Tel: +261320243006 Accepted 17 May 2014 E-mail: [email protected] Available online 27 Aug 2014 07 012 Foundation Project: Supportedô by the grants FRB-CD-AOOI- - and CMIRA Coopera 2011 from Region Rh ne-Alpes 11MIF-MAVINGUI-10851. Lala Harivelo Raveloson Ravaomanarivo et al./Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4(10): 798-806 799 squamosa A. squamosa Annona muricata A. muricata and Taolagnaro, whereas the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) ( ) and ( ) has emerged in several regions of the highlands, including were used to control adult mosquitoes as well as larval Ae. albopictus Cx. quinquefasciatus Anjozorobe, Manjakandrina, Antananarivo, Ambatondrazaka, stages of the vectors and . Amparafaravola, and the Haute Matsiatra region Annonaceae are empirically known to elicit insecticidal Aedes albopictus Ae. (Fianarantsoa I, II, Ambalavao)[2-5]. ( activities[12,16]. Plant species in this family contain an albopictus ) has been identified as the main vector of CHIKV array of toxic compounds such as acetogenins, alkaloids, and dengue virus in urban areas, because of its distribution flavonoids that confer to these plants their insecticidal A. squamosa A. muricata which coincided to the epidemic areas and its abundance proprieties[12]. Both seeds of and Ae. albopictus during periods of outbreaks[1,6]. were found contain a great amount of acetogenins[16]. This special group ovipositing and breeding in microhabitats located in the of chemical compounds is known as mitochondrial complex A. muricata vicinity of human habitations, including natural and/or I inhibitor[12,17,18]. Some alkaloids were found in . A. muricata artificial pounds, crevices, tree trunk excavations and other And extracts of not only affect the mortality artificial containers such as discarded cans, used tires and rate of pupal and adult stages of mosquitoes but also reduce abandoned buckets[1,6,7]. The most important vectors for the reproductive success of surviving adults by decreasing Aedes Culex Culex RVFV are and mosquitoes[8,9]. is widely fecundity and egg hatchability[19]. A. squamosa distributed in urban areas of Madagascar[4]. Transmission Petroleum ether leaf extracted from leaves of Culex is facilitated by the feeding behavior of which is both were reported to possess an insecticidal and growth endophilic and exophilic. Larval stages are known to breed regulating activities on three mosquito species namely Anopheles stephensi Cx. quinquefasciatus Aedes in large range of polluted waters with lentic facies[6,7]. , and aegypti As no vaccine and efficient therapeutic treatments are [19]. currently available for CHIKV (Alphavirus), dengue virus The aim of this study was to evaluate the actual efficacy A. squamosa A. squamosa (Flavivirus) or RVFV (Bunyavirus), various methods have been of seed extracts of and under applied to control populations of vectors but none of them laboratory conditions in order to assess their potential were able to eradicate these vectors in Madagascar. Among uses as natural insecticides to control adult mosquitoes as Ae. albopictus Cx. the wide range of biological methods, natural enemies well as larval stages of the vectors and quinquefasciatus such as predators of mosqitoes at different developmental . A preliminary screening using various Culex tigripes stages have been used. Aquatic larvae of micro-reactional techniques and also GC analyses were play an important role in regulating populations of vectors also performed to identify the range of chemical groups by consuming the larvae of other species of mosquitoes in of ingredients in the compositions of the aqueous and oil natural pounds[6]. However, it has been demonstrated that extracts of the two seeds. the most efficient method that may control the numbers of larvae, remains the environmental sanitation by removing 2. Materiels and methods any potential breeding sites of the vectors[1], although its application at a large scale is restricted. 2.1. Collection of seeds and preparation of plant extracts Conventional method using chemical insecticides, including organochlorides, pyrethroids mainly the A. squamosa A. muricata deltamethrin and organophosphates such as malathion and and are commonly planted and fenthion were still applied as last resort for vector control[9]. harvested in the East coast of Madagascar. Their fruits These synthetic compounds are not only environmentally produce a large quantity of seeds that can be used as polluting but also have concomitant hazardous effects to insecticides. Fruits of the two species were collected in ° ’ ” ° ’ ” non-target organisms and to human health[6]. Manakara (22 8 45.68 S; 48 0 15.9 E) at the south east region Phenomenon of resistance to the widely used chemical of Madagascar. insecticides were found in many vectors of disease, Prior to chemical extraction, seeds were completely dried Culex quinquefasciatus Cx. particularly in the case of ( under a ventilated hood then grinded to powder. A total quinquefasciatus )[10-13] causing sudden epidemic spreads of 200 g of each grinded seeds of the two plants were then of Rift Valley fever and the resurgence of the dengue and soaked and macerated separately in 1 L of distilled water chikungunya. Resistance to
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cherimoya and Guanabana in the Archaeological Record of Peru
    Journal of Ethnobiology 17(2):235-248 Winter 1997 CHERIMOYA AND GUANABANA IN THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD OF PERU THOMAS POZORSKI AND SHELIA POZORSKI Department of Psychology and Anthropology University of Texas-Pan American Edinburg, TX 78539 ABSTRACT.-Most researchers commonly assume that both cherimoya (Annona cherimolia) and guanabana (Annona muricata) have long been a part of the prehistoric record of ancient Peru. However, archaeological and ethnohistoric research in the past 25years strongly indicates that cherimoya was not introduced into Peru until ca. A.D. 1630 and that guanabana is only present after ca. A.D. 1000and is mainly associated with sites of the Chimu culture. RESUMEN.-La mayorfa de los investigadores suponen que tanto la chirimoya (Annona cherimola)como la guanabana (Annona muricata) han sido parte del registro prehist6rico del antiguo Peru por largo tiempo . Sin embargo, las in vestigaciones arqueol6gicas y etnohist6ricas de los ultimos veinticinco afios indican fuertemente que la chirimoya no fue introducida al Peru sino hasta 1630 D.C., Y que la guanabana esta presente s610 despues de aproximadamente 1000 D.C., Y esta asociada principalmente con sitios de la cultura chirmi. RESUME.- La plupart des chercheurs supposent couramment qu'une espece de pomme cannelle (Annonacherimolia)et le corossol (Annona muricata) ont faitpartie, pendant une longue periode, de l'inventaire prehistorique du Perou. Toutefois, les recherches archeologiques et ethnohistoriques des vingt-cinq dern ieres annees indiquent fortement que la pomme cannelle A. cherimolia ne fut introduite au Perou qu'aux environs de 1630 apr. J.-c. et la presence du corossol n'est attestee qu'en 1000apr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Potential Use of Annona (Annonaceae) by Products As a Source of Botanical Insecticides
    The potential use of Annona (Annonaceae) by products as a source of botanical insecticides Leandro do Prado Ribeiroa*, Camila Moreira de Souzab, Keylla Utherdyany Bicalhoc, Edson Luiz Lopes Baldinb, Moacir Rossi Forimc, João Batista Fernandesc, José Djair Vendramimd a Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. *E-mail: [email protected]; bDepartment of Crop Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP) Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; d Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; c Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. INTRODUCTION In addition, some species of Annona genera (e.g.: Annona muricata, Annona squamosa, Annona cherimolia, and Annona The structural and functional diversity of secondary metabolites cherimolia x Annona squamosa) have great economic (allelochemicals) is a key factor for the survival and evolutionary importance due to their edible fruits of ample commercial success of plant species inhabiting an environment with an interest. Consequently, a considerably cultivated area (~ 14,000 abundance of natural enemies. Therefore, the tropical flora, hectares) with these species is observed in Brazil. However, most with its unique biodiversity, is a promising natural reservoir of of Annona fruits production are destined for fruit-processing bioactive substances. In this context, Brazil has the highest plant industries and commercialized as frozen pulps for juice genetic diversity in the world offering enormous potential for preparations due to its small shelf life.
    [Show full text]
  • Plants of the Annonaceae Traditionally Used As Antimalarials: a Review1
    315 PLANTS OF THE ANNONACEAE TRADITIONALLY USED AS ANTIMALARIALS: A REVIEW1 GINA FRAUSIN2 , RENATA BRAGA SOUZA LIMA3, ARI DE FREITAS HIDALGO4, PAUL MAAS5, ADRIAN MARTIN POHLIT6 ABSTRACT- Species of the Annonaceae family are used all over the tropics in traditional medicine in tropical regions for the treatment of malaria and other illnesses. Phytochemical studies of this family have revealed chemical components which could offer new alternatives for the treatment and control of malaria. Searches in scientific reference sites (SciFinder Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and ISI Web of Science) and a bibliographic literature search for species of Annonaceae used traditionally to treat malaria and fever were carried out. This family contains 2,100 species in 123 genera. We encountered 113 articles reporting medicinal use of one or more species of this family including 63 species in 27 genera with uses as antimalarials and febrifuges. Even though the same species of Annonaceae are used by diverse ethnic groups, different plant parts are often chosen for applications, and diverse methods of preparation and treatment are used. The ethanol extracts of Polyalthia debilis and Xylopia aromatica proved to be quite active against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro (median inhibition concentration, IC50 < 1.5 µg/mL). Intraperitoneal injection of Annickia chlorantha aqueous extracts (cited as Enantia chlorantha) cleared chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis from the blood of mice in a dose-dependant manner. More phytochemical profiles of Annonaceous species are required; especially information on the more commonly distributed antimalarial compounds in this family. Index terms: Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis. PLANTAS DA FAMILIA ANNONACEAE TRADICIONALMENTE USADAS COMO ANTIMALÁRICOS: UMA REVISÃO RESUMO- Espécies da família Annonaceae têm amplo uso na medicina tradicional em regiões tropicais para o tratamento da malária e de sintomas como febres, dentre outras doenças.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Notes on Annona (Annonaceae)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Jahr/Year: 2001 Band/Volume: 103B Autor(en)/Author(s): Rainer H. Artikel/Article: Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Annona (Annonaceae). 513-524 ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 103 B 513-524 Wien, Dezember 2001 Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Annona (Annonaceae) H. Rainer* Abstract In the course of monographic studies on the genus Annona (Annonaceae) some cases of nomenclatural and taxonomic changes and need for typifications turned up and are herewith presented. Raimondia is included in Annona due to its general resemblance in morphological and anatomical characters, its species already described as Annona are reestablished, and one new combination is made. The new combinations are Annona cacans WARM, subsp. glabriuscula (R.E.FR.) H.RAWER and Annona deceptrix (WESTRA) H.RAINER. Key words: Annonaceae, Annona, Raimondia, Flora Neotropica, typification. Zusammenfassung Während der monographischen Studien an der Gattung Annona (Annonaceae) wurden einige nomenkla- torische und taxonomische Änderungen evident, sowie in einigen Fällen Typifizierungen notwendig, die hier präsentiert werden. Die Gattung Raimondia wird wegen ihrer weitgehenden Übereinstimmung in mor- phologischen wie anatomischen Merkmalen in Annona eingegliedert. Die schon unter Annona beschriebe- nen Arten werden wiederhergestellt und eine Neukombination durchgeführt. Die beiden Neukombinationen betreffen Annona cacans WARM, subsp. glabriuscula (R.E.FR.) H.RAINER und Annona deceptrix (WESTRA) H.RAINER. Introduction In the course of the studies for a monograph of the neotropical taxa of the genus Annona (Annonaceae), the number of collections increased substantially compared to the mate- rial available to FRIES (1931), the last comprehensive treatment of the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Asimina Triloba, Paw
    it as voraciously as they do many other woody plants. Pawpaw serves as the principal host plant Wildflower in Focus for the zebra swallowtail butterfly. Text by Melanie Choukas-Bradley Flowers: Purple, maroon or brownish. Slightly Artwork by Tina Thieme Brown drooping and somewhat bell-like with 2 layers of 3 petals (6 in all). The outer 3 petals curve Pawpaw backwards. Petals are ovate or nearly round; Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal flowers 1 - 2" across, borne along the branchlets. Custard-Apple Family (Annonaceae) Pawpaw flower. Photo courtesy Melanie Choukas- Bradley Fruit: Greenish-yellow banana-like berry, 2 - 6" long. Edible, delicious. Favored by humans, bears, raccoons, opossums and wild turkeys. Leaves: Simple, alternate, deciduous, 6 - 12" long with an entire margin, abruptly pointed apex and wedge-shaped base. Large leaves are tropical- looking. Growth Habit: Small tree or tall shrub. The pawpaw is the only member of the largely tropical custard-apple family that is indigenous to Twigs: Slender, brown, pubescent when young, Maryland and northeastern North America. with dark reddish-brown woolly winter buds. The Pawpaw fruit, which ripens in early fall, is a cross terminal bud resembles a small paint brush. between a banana and mango in taste and texture. Other common names for the plant include "West Habitat and Range: Moist woods, streamsides, Virginia banana" and "Indiana banana." The riversides; scattered distribution in southern spring flowers, appearing before and with the Ontario and eastern U.S. from New York to young leaves, are equally as intriguing, blooming Florida, west to Nebraska and Texas. along streams and rivers and in moist rich woodlands.
    [Show full text]
  • Annonacin in Asimina Triloba Fruit : Implications for Neurotoxicity
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2011 Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity. Lisa Fryman Potts University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Recommended Citation Potts, Lisa Fryman, "Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity." (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1145. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1145 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY 8y Lisa Fryman Potts 8.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky December 2011 Copyright 2011 by lisa Fryman Potts All rights reserved ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY By Lisa Fryman Potts B.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Approved on July 21, 2011 by the following Dissertation Committee: Irene Litvan, M.D. Dissertation Director Frederick Luzzio, Ph.D. Michal Hetman, M.D., Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Asimina Triloba Annonaceae (L.) Dunal
    Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal Annonaceae LOCAL NAMES English (Hoosier banana,aciminier,fetid-shrub,pawpaw-apple,false banana,dog banana,custard apple,Indiana banana,American custard apple,West Virginia banana,prairie banana,Michigan banana,pawpaw,Kentucky banana,poor man's banana) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION A. triloba is a small deciduous understorey tree, up to 9 m tall. Grown in full sun, the pawpaw tree develops a narrowly pyramidal shape with dense, drooping foliage down to the ground level. In the shade it has a Seeds (Steve Hurst. Provided by ARS more open branching habit with few lower limbs and horizontally held Systematic Botany and Mycology leaves. Laboratory. Castleman Ferry, VA.) Leaves large, green, simple, alternate 17.8-25.4 cm long, elliptical to oblanceolate, spread out in umbrella-like whorls, entire, and papery, emit a strong tomato or green pepper smell when crushed. Flowers cup-shaped, up to 5 cm wide, first green, turning deep reddish- purple (3 green sepals and 6 purple petals in two tiers), not showy but fragrant. The species name, triloba, refers to the calyx (the outer most flower whorl, made up of the sepals), which consists of three triangular- shaped sepals. The bole (©J.S. Peterson. USDA NRCS NPDC. USDA ARS National Arboretum, Fruit oblong, large edible berry, 5-16 cm long and 3-7 cm wide, weighing Washington, D.C.) 20-500 g, with numerous seeds; green when unripe, maturing to yellow or brown, aromatic, the yellow pulp soft and sweet, blending the flavors of banana and custard with a lovely texture reminiscent of the avocado.
    [Show full text]
  • Drying of Annona Reticulata for Production of Herbal Tea
    Nguyen Phuoc Minh et al /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 11(4), 2019, 1479-1482 Drying of Annona reticulata for Production of Herbal Tea Nguyen Phuoc Minh1,*, Tan Thanh Vo2, Tran Thi Kieu3, Van Thi Bich4, Le Thi My Trinh5, Bui Van Tuyen6 1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam 2NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 3Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam 4An Giang University, An Giang Province, Vietnam 5Bac Lie u University, Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam 6Vinh Long Technology Education University, Vinh Long Province, Vietnam Abstract. Herbal tea plays a vital role in human health care system. Annona reticulata L. is well known for its nutritive and medicinal properties. Most important phytochemicals in A. reticulata are alkaloids, tannins, flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Drying also has become a widely used way of food processing allowing the extension of shell life. In this research, we investigated an optimization of different parameters for processing of dried Annona reticulata slices. We penetrated on the investigation of maturity of Annona reticulata fruit, soaking time with Citric acid, blanching time and temperature, sugar concentration and time o soaking, drying temperature to the dried Annona reticulata slice quality. We also monitored product shelf-life during preservation. Our result showed that 2 mm in depth of Annona reticulata slice, deep soaking in Citric acid 0.2% in 30 minutes; blanching at 95oC in 30 seconds; drying at 40 oC to get 7.5% moisture content in the dried Annona reticulata slice.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Floral Developmental Studies in Annonaceae
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Biosystematics and Ecology Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 10 Autor(en)/Author(s): Leins Peter, Erbar Claudia Artikel/Article: Early floral developmental studies in Annonaceae. In: Reproductive Morphology in Annonaceae. 1-28 Early floral developmental©Akademie d. Wissenschaften studies Wien; download in unter Annonaceae www.biologiezentrum.at Peter LEINS and Claudia Erba r Abstract: In theAnnonaceae the perianth mostly consists of three trimerous whorls, with a slight tendency to a spiral sequence of their members. The androecium and the gynoecium are variable in the number of their organs (high polymery to low, fixed numbers). In this study the early development of polymerous androecia is investigated Artabotrysin hexapetalus andAnnona montana. In these species the androecia begin their development with six stamens in the comers of a hexagonal floral apex. This early developmental pattem resembles that in someAristolochiaceae andAlismatales. Not only in this respect but also because of other important features theAnnonaceae may be regarded as closely related to these two groups, but as more archaic. The carpels in the mostly choricarpous gynoecia areconduplicate (not peltate) or very rarely (Cananga) slightly peltate. The gynoecium ofMonodora consists of a single, clearly peltate carpel with a very peculiar laminal placentation (the ovules are inserted in seven double rows). This unusual condition can be interpreted as the expression sequentialof two genetical programs during development: the program for a single carpel and that for a pluricarpellate gynoecium(Simulation of a syncarpous gynoecium). Introduction - Morphology of the adult flowers The familiy Annonaceae, with about 130 genera and 2300 species by far the largest family of the Magnoliales, makes up about three-fourths of the order (CRONQUIST 1981).
    [Show full text]
  • Pawpaw Asimina Triloba
    pawpaw Asimina triloba Kingdom: Plantae FEATURES Division: Magnoliophyta The deciduous pawpaw tree rarely grows to a height Class: Magnoliopsida greater than 40 feet or a trunk diameter more than Order: Magnoliales 10 inches. Its bark is dark brown, thin and has shallow fissures. The simple leaves are arranged Family: Annonaceae alternately on the stem. Each leaf is lance-shaped or ILLINOIS STATUS elliptical and smooth along the edges. The leaf may grow to 12 inches long and six inches wide on a very common, native short leafstalk. Flowers are borne singly and are © Guy Sternberg green at first, becoming maroon later. Each flower has six petals. The green-yellow fruit is thick and oblong, up to six inches long. Each fruit has a yellow edible flesh and several dark brown seeds. The fruit ripens in September. BEHAVIORS The pawpaw may be found in the southern two- thirds of Illinois, growing in woods and thickets. This tree flowers in April and May when its leaves begin to unfold. Many pawpaws are often found growing together in a colony. The wood is soft and has few uses. The fruit is a source of food for wildlife. tree in summer ILLINOIS RANGE bark © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 2021. Biodiversity of Illinois. Unless otherwise noted, photos and images © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. © John Hilty flower © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 2021. Biodiversity of Illinois. Unless otherwise noted, photos and images © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. © John Hilty tree © Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 2021. Biodiversity of Illinois. Unless otherwise noted, photos and images © Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
    [Show full text]
  • ANNONACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M
    Comparative Seed Manual: ANNONACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M. VanDerwarker (Completed, April 8, 2019) This seed manual consists of photos and relevant information on plant species housed in the Integrative Subsistence Laboratory at the Anthropology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara. The impetus for the creation of this manual was to enable UCSB graduate students to have access to comparative materials when making in-field identifications. Most of the plant species included in the manual come from New World locales with an emphasis on Eastern North America, California, Mexico, Central America, and the South American Andes. Published references consulted1: 1998. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American ethnobotany. Vol. 879. Portland, OR: Timber press. 2009. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American medicinal plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. 2010. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American food plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. Species included herein: Annona cherimola Annona reticulata 1 Disclaimer: Information on relevant edible and medicinal uses comes from a variety of sources, both published and internet-based; this manual does NOT recommend using any plants as food or medicine without first consulting a medical professional. Annona cherimola Family: Annonaceae Common Names: Custard apple, Momona, Kelemoio, Chermoya Habitat and Growth Habit: This subtropical species can be found in the Andean valleys of Central and Southern America. Notably, some of the regions include Ecuador, Colombia, and Peru. The seeds were also brought from Mexico to Carpentaria, California in 1871. Human Uses: The plant produces a sweet and edible fruit. The seeds can be crushed to be used as insecticide against lice and parasites invading the skin.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Useful Plants in the Lower Basin of La Palma River (Trujillo
    Acta Botánica Venezuelica ISSN: 0084-5906 [email protected] Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser Venezuela Berlingeri G., Chiara A.; Benítez, Carmen E.; Crespo, Manuel B. Useful plants in the lower basin of La Palma river (Trujillo, Venezuela) Acta Botánica Venezuelica, vol. 35, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2012, pp. 219-246 Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser Caracas, Venezuela Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=86230266003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative ACTA BOT. VENEZ. 35 (2): 219-246. 2012 219 USEFUL PLANTS IN THE LOWER BASIN OF LA PALMA RIVER (TRUJILLO, VENEZUELA) Plantas útiles de la cuenca baja del río La Palma (Trujillo, Venezuela) Chiara A. BERLINGERI G.1*, Carmen E. BENÍTEZ2 y Manuel B. CRESPO3 1,3Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrícolas (INIA), Trujillo, estado Trujillo, Venezuela [email protected] 2Facultad de Agronomía (FAGRO), Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela [email protected] 3Instituto de la Biodiversidad (CIBIO), Universidad de Alicante, Apartado 99, 03080 Alicante, España [email protected], [email protected] [email protected] Telephone: +34 965 903 740 Fax: +34 965 903 780 *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The results of an ethnobotanical study in the lower basin of the La Palma River (Tru- jillo State, Venezuela) are presented. The local knowledge about the use of plants present in forest relicts was registered through participatory surveys, semi-structured interviews, open-ended conversations and field trips.
    [Show full text]