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Review of George Reisman's Capitalism
LIBERTARIAN PAPERS VOL. 1, ART. NO. 14 (2009) A TREATISE FOR A NEW AGE IN ECONOMIC THEORY: REVIEW OF GEORGE REISMAN’S CAPITALISM WLADIMIR KRAUS* CAPITALISM: A TREATISE ON ECONOMICS. By George Reisman. Ottawa, IL: Jameson Books, 1996. THE BOOK UNDER REVIEW, Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics,1 has been in print since 1996. Its enormous size and the vast array of topics covered suggest enormous scholarship and devotion. Its expressed purpose is a thorough integration of leading economic phenomena into one unified theory of the market process. Yet virtually no serious attention on the part of academic economists has been paid to its many highly original contributions and bold challenges to received orthodoxy. This review aims at a compressed presentation and analysis of some of the book’s main contributions to political economy, and hopes thereby to kick off a rigorous discussion of its substantive ideas. To put the extent of George Reisman’s intellectual achievement into a single sentence: for a full understanding of economic institutions of capitalism the reading and very careful studying of his Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics is absolutely essential. Nowhere will one find a clearer, more comprehensive, more rigorous, more persuasive and thus exactly for these reasons absolutely enthralling description and explanation of all leading economic institutions of capitalism. *Wladimir Kraus ([email protected]) is a PhD candidate in Institutions, Economics, and Law at IEL-International Programme in Institutions, Economics, and Law, Collegio Carlo Alberto, Italy. CITE THIS ARTICLE AS: Wladimir Kraus, “A Treatise for A New Age in Economic Theory: A Review of George Reisman’s Capitalism,” Libertarian Papers 1, 14 (2009). -
Bibliography
Bibliography Archival Insights into the Evolution of Economics (and Related Projects) Berlet, C. (2017). Hayek, Mises, and the Iron Rule of Unintended Consequences. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek a Collaborative Biography Part IX: Te Divine Right of the ‘Free’ Market. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Farrant, A., & McPhail, E. (2017). Hayek, Tatcher, and the Muddle of the Middle. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part IX the Divine Right of the Market. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Filip, B. (2018a). Hayek on Limited Democracy, Dictatorships and the ‘Free’ Market: An Interview in Argentina, 1977. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek a Collaborative Biography Part XIII: ‘Fascism’ and Liberalism in the (Austrian) Classical Tradition. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan. Filip, B. (2018b). Hayek and Popper on Piecemeal Engineering and Ordo- Liberalism. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek a Collaborative Biography Part XIV: Orwell, Popper, Humboldt and Polanyi. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Friedman, M. F. (2017 [1991]). Say ‘No’ to Intolerance. In R. Leeson & C. Palm (Eds.), Milton Friedman on Freedom. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press. © Te Editor(s) (if applicable) and Te Author(s) 2019 609 R. Leeson, Hayek: A Collaborative Biography, Archival Insights into the Evolution of Economics, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78069-6 610 Bibliography Glasner, D. (2018). Hayek, Gold, Defation and Nihilism. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek a Collaborative Biography Part XIII: ‘Fascism’ and Liberalism in the (Austrian) Classical Tradition. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. Goldschmidt, N., & Hesse, J.-O. (2013). Eucken, Hayek, and the Road to Serfdom. In R. Leeson (Ed.), Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part I Infuences, from Mises to Bartley. -
Patent Law: a Handbook for Congress
Patent Law: A Handbook for Congress September 16, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46525 SUMMARY R46525 Patent Law: A Handbook for Congress September 16, 2020 A patent gives its owner the exclusive right to make, use, import, sell, or offer for sale the invention covered by the patent. The patent system has long been viewed as important to Kevin T. Richards encouraging American innovation by providing an incentive for inventors to create. Without a Legislative Attorney patent system, the reasoning goes, there would be little incentive for invention because anyone could freely copy the inventor’s innovation. Congressional action in recent years has underscored the importance of the patent system, including a major revision to the patent laws in 2011 in the form of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. Congress has also demonstrated an interest in patents and pharmaceutical pricing; the types of inventions that may be patented (also referred to as “patentable subject matter”); and the potential impact of patents on a vaccine for COVID-19. As patent law continues to be an area of congressional interest, this report provides background and descriptions of several key patent law doctrines. The report first describes the various parts of a patent, including the specification (which describes the invention) and the claims (which set out the legal boundaries of the patent owner’s exclusive rights). Next, the report provides detail on the basic doctrines governing patentability, enforcement, and patent validity. For patentability, the report details the various requirements that must be met before a patent is allowed to issue. -
The Economic Evaluation Alternatives to Digital
THE ECONOMIC EVALUATION of ALTERNATIVES TO DIGITAL COPYRIGHT Peter Eckersley Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering and Intellectual Property Research Institute of Australia, The University of Melbourne SERCIAC 2003 (Preliminary Version) 1 ABSTRACT A certain air of controversy has arisen around copyright law, as a result of its interactions with digital technology. The body of literature claiming that existing copyright laws are economically sub-optimal is growing rapidly. Some authors are even claiming that it would be better to have no copyright system at all, while others argue that alternatives, such as various forms of public funding, would be preferable to exclusive rights in literary and artistic works. This paper explores the economic differences between a system of consumer-regulating copyright based on “digital rights management”, and alternatives based on public funding. I argue that the distinctions are sufficiently intricate that they elude any simple modelling technique. Instead, this paper attempts a semi-analytic comparison which weighs a set of different factors which may favour either copyright or the alternatives. When these are summed, it is concluded that well-designed systems of public funding are almost certain to produce better social welfare outcomes than DRM-based copyright. 2 1 Introduction The infrastructure for purely digital information economies is only beginning to crystallise1. As this occurs, it has become apparent that some of the central assumptions which have defined information industries in the past are in danger of unravelling. Perhaps the most prominent assumption of this kind is that states of artificial scarcity will be maintained by the exclusive rights of copyright law (in combination with “digital rights management”). -
Markets Not Capitalism Explores the Gap Between Radically Freed Markets and the Capitalist-Controlled Markets That Prevail Today
individualist anarchism against bosses, inequality, corporate power, and structural poverty Edited by Gary Chartier & Charles W. Johnson Individualist anarchists believe in mutual exchange, not economic privilege. They believe in freed markets, not capitalism. They defend a distinctive response to the challenges of ending global capitalism and achieving social justice: eliminate the political privileges that prop up capitalists. Massive concentrations of wealth, rigid economic hierarchies, and unsustainable modes of production are not the results of the market form, but of markets deformed and rigged by a network of state-secured controls and privileges to the business class. Markets Not Capitalism explores the gap between radically freed markets and the capitalist-controlled markets that prevail today. It explains how liberating market exchange from state capitalist privilege can abolish structural poverty, help working people take control over the conditions of their labor, and redistribute wealth and social power. Featuring discussions of socialism, capitalism, markets, ownership, labor struggle, grassroots privatization, intellectual property, health care, racism, sexism, and environmental issues, this unique collection brings together classic essays by Cleyre, and such contemporary innovators as Kevin Carson and Roderick Long. It introduces an eye-opening approach to radical social thought, rooted equally in libertarian socialism and market anarchism. “We on the left need a good shake to get us thinking, and these arguments for market anarchism do the job in lively and thoughtful fashion.” – Alexander Cockburn, editor and publisher, Counterpunch “Anarchy is not chaos; nor is it violence. This rich and provocative gathering of essays by anarchists past and present imagines society unburdened by state, markets un-warped by capitalism. -
CAPITALISM a Treatise on Economics George Reisman
CAPITALISM CAPITALISM A Treatise on Economics Prepublication, Interim Edition George Reisman Jameson Books, Ottawa, Illinois Copyright © 1998, 1996, 1990 by George Reisman. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without written permission, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in reviews. Mail order copies of this book may be purchased from the publisher by call- ing 800-426-1357. All inquiries should be addressed to Jameson Books, 722 Columbus St., Ottawa, IL 61350. (815)-434-7905. Fax: (815)-434-7907. Distributed to the book trade by MidPoint Trade Books. All returns to the MidPoint warehouse. Bookstores, please call 800-243-0138 to order. Photocopying of excerpts from Jameson Books editions are licensed through the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Call 508-750-8400 for information. ISBN: 0-915463-73-3 Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 96-78105 Manufactured in the United States of America 09 08 07 06 05 04 / 8 7 6 5 4 To Ludwig von Mises, my teacher, and Edith Packer, my wife. CONTENTS IN BRIEF PREFACE xxxix INTRODUCTION 1 PART ONE THE FOUNDATIONS OF ECONOMICS CHAPTER 1. ECONOMICS AND CAPITALISM 15 CHAPTER 2. WEALTH AND ITS ROLE IN HUMAN LIFE 39 CHAPTER 3. NATURAL RESOURCES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 63 PART TWO THE DIVISION OF LABOR AND CAPITALISM CHAPTER 4. THE DIVISION OF LABOR AND PRODUCTION 123 CHAPTER 5. THE DEPENDENCE OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR ON CAPITALISM I 135 CHAPTER 6. THE DEPENDENCE OF THE DIVISION OF LABOR ON CAPITALISM II: THE PRICE SYSTEM AND ECONOMIC COORDINATION 172 CHAPTER 7. -
Forestalling, Positive Obligations and the Lockean and Blockian Provisos: Rejoinder to Stephan Kinsella*
Ekonomia — Wroclaw Economic Review 22/3 (2016) Acta Universitatis Wratislaviensis No 3732 DOI: 10.19195/2084-4093.22.3.2 Walter E. Block Harold E. Wirth Eminent Scholar Endowed Chair and Professor of Economics [email protected] Joseph A. Butt S.J. College of Business Loyola University New Orleans Forestalling, Positive Obligations and the Lockean and Blockian Provisos: Rejoinder to Stephan Kinsella* JEL Classification: K19 Keywords: forestalling, positive obligations, Lockean proviso, Blockian proviso Abstract Forestalling, Positive Obligations and the Lockean and Blockian Provisos: Rejoinder to Stephan Kinsella The Blockian proviso mandates that no one precludes or forestalls anyone else in their land home- steading patterns such that they prevent them from homesteading virgin encircled land. Kinsella (2007, 2009A) takes issue with this position and likens it to the properly denigrated Lockean pro- viso. The present paper is an attempt to distinguish the two provisos one from the other, and defend the former from Kinsella’s critiques. What is the Lockean proviso? Let us allow “da man” to speak for himself on this issue. According to Locke (1689, emphasis added): “Though the earth, and all inferior creatures, be common to all men, yet every man has a property in his own person: this nobody has any right to but himself. The labour of his body, and the work of his hands, we may say, are properly his. Whatsoever then he removes out of the state that nature hath provided, and left it in, he hath mixed his labour with, and joined to it something that is his own, and thereby makes it his property. -
When Creativity Strikes: News Shocks and Business Cycle Fluctuations
When Creativity Strikes: News Shocks and Business Cycle Fluctuations Silvia Miranda-Agrippino∗ Sinem Hacıo˘gluHoke† Bank of England Bank of England Centre for Macroeconomics (LSE) Data Analytics for Finance and Macro (KCL) Kristina Bluwstein‡ Bank of England August 22, 2018 Abstract We use monthly US utility patent applications to construct an external instrument for identification of technology news shocks in a rich-information VAR. Technology diffuses slowly, and affects total factor productivity in an S-shaped pattern. Responsible for about a tenth of economic fluctuations at business cycle frequencies, the shock elicits a slow, but large and positive response of quantities, and a sluggish contraction in prices, followed by an endogenous easing in the monetary stance. The ensuing economic expansion substantially anticipates any material increase in TFP. Technology news are strongly priced-in in the stock market on impact, but measures of consumers' expectations take sensibly longer to adjust, consistent with a New-Keynesian framework with nominal rigidities, and featuring informationally constrained agents. Keywords: Technology News Shocks; Business Cycle; Identification with External Instruments; Patents Applications. JEL Classification: E23, E32, O33, E22, O34 ∗Monetary Analysis, Bank of England, Threadneedle Street, London EC2R 8AH, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.silviamirandaagrippino.com †Financial Stability, Strategy and Risk. E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.sinemhaciogluhoke.com ‡Financial Stability, Strategy and Risk. E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.kristinabluwstein.com/ We are grateful to Franck Portier, Michael McMahon, Emanuel M¨onch, and seminar partici- pants at the Bank of England for useful comments and discussions. -
Some Worries About the Coherence of Left-Libertarianism Mathias Risse
John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University Faculty Research Working Papers Series Can There be “Libertarianism without Inequality”? Some Worries About the Coherence of Left-Libertarianism Mathias Risse Nov 2003 RWP03-044 The views expressed in the KSG Faculty Research Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the John F. Kennedy School of Government or Harvard University. All works posted here are owned and copyrighted by the author(s). Papers may be downloaded for personal use only. Can There be “Libertarianism without Inequality”? Some Worries About the Coherence of Left-Libertarianism1 Mathias Risse John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University October 25, 2003 1. Left-libertarianism is not a new star on the sky of political philosophy, but it was through the recent publication of Peter Vallentyne and Hillel Steiner’s anthologies that it became clearly visible as a contemporary movement with distinct historical roots. “Left- libertarian theories of justice,” says Vallentyne, “hold that agents are full self-owners and that natural resources are owned in some egalitarian manner. Unlike most versions of egalitarianism, left-libertarianism endorses full self-ownership, and thus places specific limits on what others may do to one’s person without one’s permission. Unlike right- libertarianism, it holds that natural resources may be privately appropriated only with the permission of, or with a significant payment to, the members of society. Like right- libertarianism, left-libertarianism holds that the basic rights of individuals are ownership rights. Left-libertarianism is promising because it coherently underwrites both some demands of material equality and some limits on the permissible means of promoting this equality” (Vallentyne and Steiner (2000a), p 1; emphasis added). -
From Material Scarcity to Arti8cial Abundance – the Case of Fablabs and 3D Printing Technologies Primavera De Filippi, Peter Troxler
From material scarcity to arti8cial abundance – The case of FabLabs and 3D printing technologies Primavera de Filippi, Peter Troxler To cite this version: Primavera de Filippi, Peter Troxler. From material scarcity to arti8cial abundance – The case of FabLabs and 3D printing technologies. van den Berg B. & van der Hof S. 3D Printing : Legal, philosophical and economic dimensions., T.M.C. Asser Instituut pp. 65-83, 2015. hal-01265229 HAL Id: hal-01265229 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01265229 Submitted on 31 Jan 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Primavera De Filippi & Peter Troxler [4] From material scarcity to arti8cial abundance – The case of FabLabs and 3D printing technologies Primavera De Filippi & Peter Troxler 1. Introduction Digital media allowed for the emergence of new artistic practices and innovative modes of production. In particular, the advent of Internet and digital technologies drastically enhanced the ability for multiple au- thors to collaborate towards the creation of large-scale collaborative works, which stand in contrast to the traditional understanding that artistic production is essentially an individual activity. The signi6cance of these practices in the physical world is illustrated by the recent deployment of FabLabs (Fabrication Laboratories), that employ innovative technologies – such as, most notably, 3D printing, which is recently gaining the most interest – to encourage the development of new methods of artistic production based on participation and interaction between peers. -
Judith Jarvis Thomson on Abortion; a Libertarian Perspective
DePaul Journal of Health Care Law Volume 19 Issue 1 Fall 2017 Article 3 April 2018 Judith Jarvis Thomson on Abortion; a Libertarian Perspective Walter E. Block Loyola University New Orleans, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jhcl Part of the Health Law and Policy Commons Recommended Citation Walter E. Block, Judith Jarvis Thomson on Abortion; a Libertarian Perspective, 19 DePaul J. Health Care L. (2018) Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/jhcl/vol19/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Law at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in DePaul Journal of Health Care Law by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Judith Jarvis Thomson on abortion; a libertarian perspective1 I. Introduction Abortion is one of the most vexing issues faced by society. On the one hand, there are those who favor the pro-choice position. In their view, the woman, and she alone (along with the advice of her doctor – but the final decision must be hers), should be able to legally determine on what basis, and whether, her pregnancy should be conducted. She should be as free to end her pregnancy at any stage of the development of her fetus, or give birth to it after the usual term of nine months. On the other hand, there are those who favor what is called the pro-life position. In this perspective, the fetus, from the moment of conception, is a full rights-bearing human being. -
The Free/Open Source Software Movement Resistance Or Change? Civitas - Revista De Ciências Sociais, Vol
Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais ISSN: 1519-6089 [email protected] Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Brasil Georgopoulou, Panayiota The free/open source software movement Resistance or change? Civitas - Revista de Ciências Sociais, vol. 9, núm. 1, enero-abril, 2009, pp. 65-76 Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=74212712006 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative The free/open source software movement Resistance or change? O movimento de software livre/aberto Resistência ou mudança? Panayiota Georgopoulou* Abstract: At a time when private companies are inventing methods of “locking information” and when neo-liberal governments are imposing strict sanctions on those who violate intellectual property rights, the Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) movement has been countering neo-liberalism and general privatization: it defies ownership regulations in a key area of growth in contemporary capitalistic societies, namely, the construction and use of information. At the end of the ‘90s, FOSS seemed to be a disruptive and destabilizing force in terms of intellectual property and neo- liberalism, yet as open software, it has evolved into a singular economic phenomenon indicating that commercialization