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Bulletin De Liaison Et D'information INSTITUT KUDE RPARD IS E Bulletin de liaison et d’information N°325 avril 2012 La publication de ce Bulletin bénéficie de subventions du Ministère français des Affaires étrangères (DGCID) et du Fonds d’action et de soutien pour l’intégration et la lutte contre les discriminations (FASILD) ————— Ce bulletin paraît en français et anglais Prix au numéro : France: 6 € — Etranger : 7,5 € Abonnement annuel (12 numéros) France : 60 € — Etranger : 75 € Périodique mensuel Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Numéro de la Commission Paritaire : 659 13 A.S. ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tél. : 01- 48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01- 48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: [email protected] Bulletin de liaison et d’information de l’Institut kurde de Paris N° 325 avril 2012 • KURDISTAN D’ IRAK : LE SEPTIEME CABINET PRÊTE SERMENT • IRAK : TENSION ACCRUE ENTRE BAGDAD ET ERBIL • SYRIE : LES KURDES SE RETIRENT DU CONSEIL NATIONAL SYRIEN • TURQUIE : MOBILISATION CONTRE LES ARRESTATIONS D’ÉTUDIANTS ET DE CHERCHEURS • LITTÉRATURE : « LES PLUMES », UN ROMAN DE SALIM BARAKAT SALUÉ PAR LA CRITIQUE FRANCOPHONE • CINÉMA : SORTIE DU « TEMPS DURE LONGTEMPS » D’ÖZCAN ALPER KURDISTAN D’ IRAK : LE SEPTIEME CABINET PRÊTE SERMENT e 6 avril, le nouveau cabi - développements politique, social l’Afrique du nord ont commencé net du Gouvernement et économique déjà impression - de voir l’émergence de la démo - régional du Kurdistan a nants qu’a connus la Région cratie et de la justice. La Région L prêté serment au depuis 2003. Il a aussi félicité et du Kurdistan salue tout change - Parlement d’Erbil. Le remercié son prédécesseur, le Dr. ment allant dans le sens de la nouveau Premier Ministre, Barham Salih, son adjoint Azad démocratie, de la liberté et des Nêçirvan Barzanî et ses ministres Barwarî et tous les membres du droits de l’homme. Par contraste, ont ainsi officiellement commen - 6ème cabinet pour « le travail le Printemps kurde a commencé cé un mandat de deux ans. important qu’ils ont accompli il y a 20 ans, quand le peuple de Nêçirvan Barzanî, a déjà occupé dans le temps qui leur avait été Kurdistan s’est soulevé, avec le cette fonction deux fois, entre imparti », assurant que leurs soutien des partis politiques du 1999 et 2009. Son adjoint est efforts ont été appréciés « par Kurdistan, et a fait en sorte de Imad Ahmad Sayfour, issu de nous-mêmes et le peuple du mettre fin à l’autorité d’un des l’UPK, qui était à ce même poste Kurdistan. » plus dangereux dictateurs de d’avril à octobre 2009. l’époque dans notre pays, et a Nêçirvan Barzanî a exposé au choisi d’instaurer un État de Dans son discours d’inaugura - Parlement sa volonté d’appli - droit, la démocratie et la liberté, tion, le Premier Ministre a quer un nouveau programme, sans soutien des pays étran - d’abord souligné que ce gouver - avec « des stratégies et des initia - gers. » nement tirait sa seule légitimité tives qui tiendront compte des du peuple du Kurdistan et de changements politiques, sociaux Après avoir rappelé le rôle histo - son Parlement et assuré qu’il et économiques survenus ces rique tenu dans ce processus continuerait les efforts néces - dernières années. Récemment, démocratique par les deux diri - saires afin de poursuivre les des pays du Moyen-Orient et de geants kurdes, Massoud Barzanî, • 2 • Bulletin de liaison et d’information n° 325 • avril 2012 président de la Région du ciper à la construction d’un Irak sus sur une position unifiée pour Kurdistan, et Jalal Talabanî, pré - démocratique et fédéral, où leurs traiter avec Bagdad. La situation sident de l’Irak, le Premier droits et leurs libertés seraient nécessite que nous nous hâtions Ministre s’est livré à une analyse protégés par une constitution, de former un Haut-Conseil des et un bilan de la situation actuel - mais qu’ils avaient, à présent, de négociations avec Bagdad. le au Kurdistan, en insistant sur nombreuses raisons de se Participer à ce conseil sera du la nécessité d’une « évaluation demander si ce système pouvait devoir de tous les partis poli - objective » de cette situation, ou non servir leurs intérêts. tiques, tant ceux qui sont au gou - ainsi que sur celle de la préserva - vernement que ceux de l’opposi - tion de l’unité des citoyens, fai - « Malheureusement, l’Irak fait tion, afin qu’un consensus soit sant allusion aux conflits toujours face à la menace de établi pour redémarrer les négo - internes et alliances extérieures l’instabilité politique. En tant que ciations avec le gouvernement passés : Région, nous avons toujours des fédéral. C’est un problème qui problèmes importants qui ne concerne tout le peuple du « Aujourd’hui, nous vivons une sont pas résolus avec le gouver - Kurdistan et nous avons la res - période historique et cruciale de nement fédéral. Nous insistons ponsabilité historique d’y faire notre histoire. Notre peuple n’a sur le fait que le gouvernement face. » jamais autant espéré dans son fédéral doit répondre aux avenir que de nos jours. demandes du peuple du Revenant particulièrement sur la Cependant il reste encore des Kurdistan, de façon transparente question des territoires dont la défis à relever. L’unité parmi nous et en accord avec la constitution restitution est réclamée par les et une voix unie sur les questions de l’Irak. » Kurdes, le Premier Ministre a nationales seront les facteurs prin - appelé le Bloc kurde au parle - cipaux de notre réussite. Parmi les points de litige impor - ment de Bagdad, tout comme les tants entre Erbil et Bagdad, le ministres kurdes du gouverne - Nos relations politiques au Premier Ministre a cité l’Article ment irakien de coordonner temps de notre lutte armée ont 140 de la Constitution irakienne étroitement leurs actions avec le été utiles pour instaurer la liberté qui doit décider du rattachement Gouvernement Régional du dans ce pays. Cependant, de Kirkouk et d’autres régions Kurdistan. aujourd’hui, ces relations doi - kurdes au Gouvernement vent être révisées et renouvelées Régional par le processus d’un Passant aux relations du GRK afin de les remettre en phase référendum, le budget alloué à la avec les États voisins, qu’il juge avec les réalités politiques de ce Région, la loi sur les hydrocar - « bonnes », M. Barzanî assure de temps. L’adaptation n’est pas bures, c’est-à-dire la façon dont son intention de poursuivre le facile ni sans douleur, mais nous le Kurdistan est libre de gérer développement de ces relations devons tirer les leçons du l’exploitation et la prospection « sur la base du respect mutuel et passé. » de ses propres ressources, ainsi des intérêts bilatéraux. Nos rela - qu’un « partenariat réel dans le tions avec les pays arabes et ceux Nêçirvan Barzanî s’est présenté pouvoir », ce dernier point visant du reste du monde se sont consi - comme le chef du gouvernement directement le Premier Ministre dérablement développées. de tout le peuple du Kurdistan et irakien Nouri Maliki, accusé par Beaucoup de pays ont exprimé comme un point de jonction un large éventail politique de leur désir d’établir de bonnes entre les partis politiques » vou - concentrer le pouvoir dans ses relations avec le Kurdistan, et lant ainsi écarter les suspicions seules mains. nous poursuivrons nos efforts de clientélisme qui ont constam - pour bâtir des liens amicaux avec ment émaillé la vie politique du Nêçirvan Barzanî, sans nommer tous les pays du monde. » Kurdistan, longtemps partagée un parti d’opposition plus qu’un entre le PDK et l’UPK. autre, a rappelé la nécessité pour Sur les réformes internes à la tous les partis kurdes d’offrir Région, le Premier Ministre a Après avoir résumé les diffé - « un front uni » devant le gou - annoncé son intention de faire rentes étapes de la construction vernement fédéral, notamment réexaminer la constitution provi - politique et juridique de la au Parlement " : soire du Kurdistan par « tous les Région du Kurdistan depuis partis politiques, les légistes, 1992 à nos jours, en passant par « Nous voulons mettre en place experts, et les composantes 2003, le Premier Ministre a rap - un front uni pour négocier avec sociales et religieuses de notre pelé que les Kurdes avaient, à la le gouvernement fédéral. En ce société afin d’avoir une constitu - chute du Ba’ath, décidé de parti - moment, il n’y a aucun consen - tion qui rassemblera le peuple n° 325 • avril 2012 Bulletin de liaison et d’information • 3• du Kurdistan et développera un mentation continuelle des prix et me, et celles concernant la système pour l’avenir de notre du coût de la vie, le Premier construction et l’attribution de peuple. Et parce que ce sera la Ministre reconnaît que le secteur logements sociaux seront aussi première constitution du privé connaît des hausses de prix mises en place. Le tourisme est Kurdistan, elle devra être sans régulation, ni raison appa - aussi une des ressources promet - approuvée par référendum, et le rente, et promet de sévir si cela teuses du Kurdistan, et devra peuple devra choisir librement était le fait de spéculateurs, tout être soutenu et amélioré. de voter pour elle ou non. » en rappelant que, deux ans aupa - ravant, une loi sur les droits des Un des secteurs les plus sous- Autre réforme envisagée, un consommateurs a été votée. Il développés est celui de l’agro- assouplissement de la centralisa - s’engage à ce que son application alimentaire : tion en faveur d’une délégation soit effective, en collaboration « Malheureusement, nous de certains pouvoirs et d’un bud - avec le ministère de la n’avons pas été jusqu’ici get aux conseils provinciaux, aux Planification : « Nous allons tra - capables de garantir une sécurité districts et sous-districts.
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