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Practical Calculations for Designing a Newtonian Telescope
Practical Calculations for Designing a Newtonian Telescope Jeff Beish (Rev. 07 February 2019) INTRODUCTION A Newtonian reflecting telescope can be designed to perform more efficiently than any other type of optical system, if one is careful to follow the laws of nature. One must have optics made from precision Pyrex or a similar material and figured to a high quality. The mounting hardware must be well planned out and properly constructed using highest quality materials. The Newtonian can be used for visual or photographic work, for "deep sky" or "planetary" observing, or a combination of all these. They are easy to layout and to construct using simple household tools. The design mathematics is simple and can be easily accomplished by hand calculator. The Newtonian reflector can be easily modified for other types of observing such a photometry, photography, CCD imaging, micrometer work, and more. Since a reflecting telescope does not suffer for chromatic aberration we don't have to worry about focusing each color while observing or photographing with filters as we would in a single or double lens refractor. This is a problem especially associated with photography. Since the introduction of the relatively low cost Apochromatic refractors (APO) in the past few years these problems no longer hamper the astrophotographer as much. However, the cost of large APO's for those requiring large apertures is prohibitive to most of us who require instruments above 12 or so inches. Remember, even with the highest quality optics a Newtonian can be rendered nearly useless by tube currents, misaligned components, mirror stain, and a secondary mirror too large for the application of the instrument. -
Telescopes and Binoculars
Continuing Education Course Approved by the American Board of Opticianry Telescopes and Binoculars National Academy of Opticianry 8401 Corporate Drive #605 Landover, MD 20785 800-229-4828 phone 301-577-3880 fax www.nao.org Copyright© 2015 by the National Academy of Opticianry. All rights reserved. No part of this text may be reproduced without permission in writing from the publisher. 2 National Academy of Opticianry PREFACE: This continuing education course was prepared under the auspices of the National Academy of Opticianry and is designed to be convenient, cost effective and practical for the Optician. The skills and knowledge required to practice the profession of Opticianry will continue to change in the future as advances in technology are applied to the eye care specialty. Higher rates of obsolescence will result in an increased tempo of change as well as knowledge to meet these changes. The National Academy of Opticianry recognizes the need to provide a Continuing Education Program for all Opticians. This course has been developed as a part of the overall program to enable Opticians to develop and improve their technical knowledge and skills in their chosen profession. The National Academy of Opticianry INSTRUCTIONS: Read and study the material. After you feel that you understand the material thoroughly take the test following the instructions given at the beginning of the test. Upon completion of the test, mail the answer sheet to the National Academy of Opticianry, 8401 Corporate Drive, Suite 605, Landover, Maryland 20785 or fax it to 301-577-3880. Be sure you complete the evaluation form on the answer sheet. -
The Necessity of Atheism, by Dr
The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Necessity of Atheism, by Dr. D.M. Brooks This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The Necessity of Atheism Author: Dr. D.M. Brooks Release Date: January 2, 2007 [EBook #20248] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE NECESSITY OF ATHEISM *** Produced by Marilynda Fraser-Cunliffe, Janet Blenkinship and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net THE NECESSITY OF ATHEISM By DR. D. M. BROOKS FREETHOUGH PRESS ASSOCIATION NEW YORK Dedicated to JOSEPH LEWIS IN AMERICA AND CHAPMAN COHEN IN ENGLAND OF WHOM IT MAY BE SAID: "How often it has happened that one man, standing at the right point of view, has descried the truth, and, after having been denounced and persecuted by all others, they have eventually been constrained to adopt his declarations!"—(DRAPER.) For the old Gods came to an end long ago. And verily it was a good and joyful end of Gods! They did not die lingering in the twilight—although that lie is told! On the contrary, they once upon a time laughed themselves to death! That came to pass when, by a God himself, the most ungodly word was uttered, the word: "There is but one God! Thou shalt have no other Gods before me." An old grim beard of a God, a jealous one, forgot himself thus. -
Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts
Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts Foresight, Insight, Oversight, and Hindsight in Scientific Discovery: How Sighted Were Galileo's Telescopic Sightings? Dean Keith Simonton Online First Publication, January 30, 2012. doi: 10.1037/a0027058 CITATION Simonton, D. K. (2012, January 30). Foresight, Insight, Oversight, and Hindsight in Scientific Discovery: How Sighted Were Galileo's Telescopic Sightings?. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/a0027058 Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts © 2012 American Psychological Association 2012, Vol. ●●, No. ●, 000–000 1931-3896/12/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/a0027058 Foresight, Insight, Oversight, and Hindsight in Scientific Discovery: How Sighted Were Galileo’s Telescopic Sightings? Dean Keith Simonton University of California, Davis Galileo Galilei’s celebrated contributions to astronomy are used as case studies in the psychology of scientific discovery. Particular attention was devoted to the involvement of foresight, insight, oversight, and hindsight. These four mental acts concern, in divergent ways, the relative degree of “sightedness” in Galileo’s discovery process and accordingly have implications for evaluating the blind-variation and selective-retention (BVSR) theory of creativity and discovery. Scrutiny of the biographical and historical details indicates that Galileo’s mental processes were far less sighted than often depicted in retrospective accounts. Hindsight biases clearly tend to underline his insights and foresights while ignoring his very frequent and substantial oversights. Of special importance was how Galileo was able to create a domain-specific expertise where no such expertise previously existed—in part by exploiting his extensive knowledge and skill in the visual arts. Galileo’s success as an astronomer was founded partly and “blindly” on his artistic avocations. -
Annual Report Rapport Annuel 2010
annual report rapport annuel 2010 The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada / 2010 Annual Report • La Société royale d’astronomie du Canada / Rapport annuel 2010 1 Table of Contents President’s Message 4 Treasurer’s Message 5 Secretary’s Message 6 Auditor’s Report 7 Annual Meeting Minutes—2010 14 Annual Reports from the Centres 16 Centre Treasurers’ Reports for Fiscal Year 2010 45 Officers and Councils of the Centres—2011 48 2011 Award Winners 52 Edited by James Edgar Translations by Hugues Lacombe Proofread by James Edgar Layout and design by Catherine Berry Front Cover Photograph The gathering is the speakers who made presentations at the 2010 General Assembly in Fredericton, New Brunswick (missing from photo - Dr. René Doyen). Photo courtesy Peter Ceravolo. 2 The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada / 2010 Annual Report • La Société royale d’astronomie du Canada / Rapport annuel 2010 Royal Astronomical Society of Canada—2011 RASC Web Site: www.rasc.ca RASC eStore: www.store.rasc.ca National Office: 203-4920 Dundas Street W, Toronto ON M9A 1B7, Canada Phone: (416) 924-7973 Fax: (416) 924-2911 Email: [email protected] Office hours: Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Executive Director: Deborah Thompson [email protected] Office Administrator: Fiona Wilson [email protected] Membership & Publications Co-ordinator: Irina Mosquera [email protected] Marketing Co-ordinator Emily Cornford [email protected] Officers Honorary President: Dr. Jim Hesser [email protected] President: Mary Lou Whitehorne [email protected] 1st -
Celestron Kids 50Mm Newtonian Telescope Manual
A B 50mm Newtonian Telescope #22014 Solar Warning C • Always use your telescope with adult supervision. F • Never look directly at the Sun with the naked eye or with a telescope unless you have the proper solar filter. D Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result. • Never use your telescope to project an image of the E Sun onto any surface. Internal heat build-up can damage the telescope and any accessories attached to it. • Never use an eyepiece solar filter or a Herschel wedge. Internal heat build-up inside the telescope can cause these devices to crack or break, allowing unfiltered sunlight to pass through to the eye. • Do not leave the telescope unsupervised, especially Assembly when children are present or when adults unfamiliar Step 1: Remove all the parts form the box. with the correct operating procedures of your telescope are present. Thanks for buying the Celestron Kids STEM 50mm Newtonian Telescope—a real, functional reflector telescope with a removable panel that reveals its inner workings! Before using your telescope, take a few minutes to make sure all the components are in the box and assemble the scope. Parts A. Eyepiece B. Telescope Tube C. Tripod Adjustment Collar D. Tripod Hub Step 2: Attach the 3 tripod legs to the tripod hub by E. Tripod Legs (3) screwing them into the threaded holes. F. Dust Cap Use Your Telescope Step 1: When you are ready to view through your telescope, remove the plastic cover on the eyepiece. Step 2: Remove the dust cap. Step 3: Attach the main telescope tube to the tripod hub. -
A History of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology - Malcolm Longair
ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS - A History of Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology - Malcolm Longair A HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY, ASTROPHYSICS AND COSMOLOGY Malcolm Longair Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE Keywords: History, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Cosmology, Telescopes, Astronomical Technology, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Ancient Astronomy, Copernican Revolution, Stars and Stellar Evolution, Interstellar Medium, Galaxies, Clusters of Galaxies, Large- scale Structure of the Universe, Active Galaxies, General Relativity, Black Holes, Classical Cosmology, Cosmological Models, Cosmological Evolution, Origin of Galaxies, Very Early Universe Contents 1. Introduction 2. Prehistoric, Ancient and Mediaeval Astronomy up to the Time of Copernicus 3. The Copernican, Galilean and Newtonian Revolutions 4. From Astronomy to Astrophysics – the Development of Astronomical Techniques in the 19th Century 5. The Classification of the Stars – the Harvard Spectral Sequence 6. Stellar Structure and Evolution to 1939 7. The Galaxy and the Nature of the Spiral Nebulae 8. The Origins of Astrophysical Cosmology – Einstein, Friedman, Hubble, Lemaître, Eddington 9. The Opening Up of the Electromagnetic Spectrum and the New Astronomies 10. Stellar Evolution after 1945 11. The Interstellar Medium 12. Galaxies, Clusters Of Galaxies and the Large Scale Structure of the Universe 13. Active Galaxies, General Relativity and Black Holes 14. Classical Cosmology since 1945 15. The Evolution of Galaxies and Active Galaxies with Cosmic Epoch 16. The Origin of Galaxies and the Large-Scale Structure of The Universe 17. The VeryUNESCO Early Universe – EOLSS Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography Biographical SketchSAMPLE CHAPTERS Summary This chapter describes the history of the development of astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology from the earliest times to the first decade of the 21st century. -
Record Store Day 2018 - 21.04.2018
RECORD STORE DAY 2018 - 21.04.2018 Interpret Titel Format Inhalt Label Aaliyah Back & Forth 12" 1 Legacy Abba Summer Night City 7" 1 Universal Abruptum Evil Genius (Ltd. Marble Silver-Black LP / RSD) LP 1 SOUND POLLUTION / BLACK LODGE RECORDS AC / DC Back In Black MC 1 Epic Adam Sandler They’re All Gonna Laugh At You! LP VINYL 2 Warner Bros. Label Air Sexy Boy SINGLE VINYL 1 PLG France Allman Brothers Band, The Live At The Atlanta Pop Festival July 3 & 5, 1970 LP Set 4 Epic ALTERNATIVE TV DARK PLACES 12" 1 FOURTH DIMENSION Amorphous Androgynous The Isness (The Abbey Road Version) (RSD LP 1 JUMPIN & PUMPIN Angelika Express Best of and Rarities (Limited 10") Vinyl 10" 1 Unter Schafen Records Antonio Sanches Buli povo! (RSD) LP 1 ANALOG AFRICA Antony Gormley Sounds Of The Studio 1 LP 1 Gearbox Records Anywhere Anywhere II (RSD 2018 Exclusive) LP 1 ORG Music ARABROT SINNERMAN LP 1 PELAGIC Arcade Fire Arcade Fire EP 12" 1 Columbia ARMSTRONG,TIM A Poet's Life - RSD Edition LP 1 Epitaph AT THE GATES GARDENS OF GRIEF EP 1 BACK ON BLACK RECORD STORE DAY 2018 - 21.04.2018 Interpret Titel Format Inhalt Label Awolnation Live in Vienna 7" 1 Red Bull BALDRY, LONG JOHN & HOOCHIE COOCHIE MEN FILTHY MCNASTY EP 7" 1 1960'S RECORDS BALMORHEA TILLERY / CHIME 7" 1 WESTERN VINYL Base, Rob & DJ EZ Rock It Takes Two LP 1 Legacy BASS COMMUNION (STEVEN WILSON) BASS COMMUNION LP 2 HIDDEN ART BATMOBILE TEENAGE LOBOTOMY 7" 1 Music On Vinyl Baxter Dury Miami (Ltd. -
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Journal for the History of Astronomy
A Complete Bibliography of Publications in Journal for the History of Astronomy Nelson H. F. Beebe University of Utah Department of Mathematics, 110 LCB 155 S 1400 E RM 233 Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0090 USA Tel: +1 801 581 5254 FAX: +1 801 581 4148 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] (Internet) WWW URL: http://www.math.utah.edu/~beebe/ 10 May 2021 Version 1.28 Title word cross-reference $8.95 [Had84]. $87 [CWW17]. $89.95 [Gan15]. 8 = 1;2;3 [Cov15]. $90 [Ano15f]. $95 [Swe17c]. c [Kin87, NRKN16, Rag05]. mul [Kur19]. muld [Kur19]. [Kur19]. · $100 [Apt14]. $120 [Hen15b]. $127 [Llo15]. 3 [Ano15f, Ash82, Mal10, Ste12a]. ∆ [MS04]. $135.00 [Smi96]. $14 [Sch15]. $140 [GG14]. $15 [Jar90]. $17.95 [Had84]. $19.95 -1000 [Hub83]. -4000 [Gin91b]. -601 [Mul83, Nau98]. 20 [Ost07]. 2000 [Eva09b]. [Hub83]. -86 [Mar75]. -Ft [Edd71b, Mau13]. $24.95 [Lep14, Bro90]. $27 [W lo15]. $29 -inch [Ost07]. -year [GB95]. -Year-Old [Sha14]. $29.25 [Hea15]. $29.95 [Eva09b]. [Ger17, Mes15]. 30 [Mau13]. $31.00 [Bra15]. $34 [Sul14]. $35 Zaga´_ n [CM10]. [Ano15f, Dev14b, Lau14, Mir17, Rap15a]. $38 [Dan19b, Vet19]. $39.95 [Mol14b]. /Catalogue [Kun91]. /Charles [Tur07]. $39.99 [Bec15]. $40 [Dun20, LF15, Rob86]. /Collected [Gin93]. /Heretic [Tes10]. 40 [Edd71b]. $42 [Nau98]. $45 [Kes15]. /the [War08]. $49.95 [Ree20]. $49.99 [Bec15]. $50 [Kru17, Rem15]. $55 [Bon19b]. $60 [Mal15]. 0 [Ave18, Hei14a, Oes15, Swe17c, Wlo15, 600 [GB95]. $72 [Ave18]. $79 [Wil15]. 1 2 Ash82]. [Dic97a]. 1970 [Kru08]. 1971 [Wil75]. 1973 [Doe19]. 1975 [Ost80]. 1976 [Gin02d]. 1979 1 [Ano15f, BH73a, Ber14, Bru78b, Eva87b, [Ano78d]. -
Artist of the Year
THE 4 Trading Post Way Medford Lakes, New Jersey 08055 HARD REPORT' December 18, 1987 Issue #59 609-654-7272 ARTIST OF THE YEAR ZGI A a 112 MALE VOCAL ISLAND RADIO RATES THE BEST OF '87 COMEBACK BREAKTHROUGH GRATEFUL REM DEAD "DOCUMENT" "TOUCH OF GREY" IRS ARISTA FEMALE 6.vryttri,Vizer NEW FEMALE VOCAL SUZANNE VEGA ANN WILSON "SOLITUDE STANDING" "BAD ANIMALS" A&M CAPITOL IMAGE NEW MALE TURNAROUND RICHARD AEROSMITH MARX "PERMANENT EMI VACATION" GEFFEN WORLD PARTY NEW AMERICAN Private Revolution NEW IMPORT BAND ACT THE BRANDOS WORLD PARTY "HONOR AMONG "PRIVATE THIEVES" REVOLUTION" RELATIVITY CHRYSALIS AND NOW A WORD FROM OUR SPONSOR ... It's four in the morning and frcm where we sit, this Final Issue looks like a keeper. We've put a ton of time and energyinto this particular edition, and we think you'll have lots of fun with the overview. After all, with some 90 + stations responding to our sur- vey, it's basically your window on RockWorld as it went down this past year. The first year of any new business is hell on wheels, (Groanong, creaking, barking dog sound efx, please) and we've seen quite a parade in '87. When I look back over my final comments last year (after nine issues), it sounded as if we had moved mountains. And in a way we had, starting from scratch to a full service publication some 140 stations deep. But in the 12 months since, it has become readily apparent that we were barely walking then. We've extended our reporter roster well past the 200 mark; Our New Alternative and Hard Rock sections have inspired numerous imitators, and our combi- nation of high technology and people power has effectively re -defined what a tip sheet can and will be in the years to come. -
Newtonian Telescope Collimation with the Astrosystems Lightpipe/Sighttube and Autocollimator
Newtonian Telescope Collimation with the Astrosystems LightPipe/SightTube and Autocollimator Contents Introduction i Preparation 1 - 2 Mechanical Alignment with the Crosshair SightTube 2 - 3 Optical Collimation with the LightPipe collimator 4 - 5 Fine Optical Collimation with the Autocollimator 5 - 6 Checking Optical Collimation - Star Test 7 Secondary Offset 8-9 References / Further Reading 9 i Introduction The first two steps, preparation and mechanical alignment, need only be performed the first time the telescope is assembled. Thereafter, only the optical alignment and star testing are needed to collimate your telescope. Don't underestimate the importance of mechanical alignment. Most troublesome collimating jobs can be traced back to mistakes or assumptions regarding the placement of components. Quick Tour: If you are familiar with your telescope’s collimation and only want an abbreviated guide to using the AstroSystems collimating tools, just read through the lines in bold type at the beginning of each paragraph. Preparation 1 Position the telescope Place the telescope on a horizontal surface or move it to the horizontal. Position the focuser so it is easily accessible. You will be moving back and forth from the rear to the front of the tube assembly to check progress and it helps to have things positioned for convenience. Assemble the proper tools Gather the necessary tools required to adjust the primary mirror holder, secondary mirror holder, and spider and focuser base. Center spot the primary mirror It is necessary to "spot" the center of the primary and secondary mirrors. To facilitate collimation at night, a white mark on the primary is most visible. -
Album Backup List
Updated 20/08/2008 Index to My Albums - Quote FULL titles please File Artist Title Notes CD Year 0148 A Hi Fi Serious 128 2002 0296 A Teen Dance Ordinance VBR 2005 0047 A1 Here We Come 1999 0014 A1 A List 2000 0082 A1 Make It Good 2002 0157 Aaliyah One In A Million 128 1996 Hits & Unreleased - The Ultimate 0233 Aaliyah Collection 192 2002 0182 Aaliyah I Care 4 U 128 2002 0024/27 ABBA Gold - Greatest Hits VBR 1992 AD32 ABBA Gold - Greatest Hits CDA 1992 Thank You For The Music (3CD) 0004 ABBA Collectors set 1995 0054 ABBA The Definitive Collection (2CD) VBR 2001 AB39 ABBA The Definitive Collection (2CD) CDA 2001 0104 ABC Absolutely 1990 0118 ABC The Remix Collection 1993 AD39 ABC The Collection CDA 0070 Paula Abdul Greatest Hits Of Paula Abdul 2000 0076 Ace Of Base Ace Of Base 1983 0085 Ace Of Base Happy Nation 1993 0233 Adam & The Ants Dirk Wears White Socks 192 1979 0150 Adam & The Ants Ant Music 192 1980 0002 Adam & The Ants Friend or Foe 1982 0191 Adam & The Ants Antics In The Forbidden Zone 128 1990 0237 Adam & The Ants Very Best Of Adam & The Ants 128 1999 0194 Adam Ant Strip 256 1983 0315 Adam Ant Strip 320 1983 AD27 Adam Ant Hits CDA 0262 Bryan Adams Cuts Like A Knife 192 1990 0262 Bryan Adams Into The Fire 192 1990 0200 Bryan Adams Waking Up The Neighbours VBR 1991 0163 Bryan Adams Unplugged (Live) 128 1997 0189 Bryan Adams On A Day Like Today 320 1998 AD30 Bryan Adams On A Day Like Today CDA 1998 0198 Bryan Adams The Best Of Me VBR 1999 AD29 Bryan Adams The Best Of Me CDA 1999 0114 Bryan Adams Spirit OST 2002 0293 Bryan Adams