Journal288 of Species Research 9(3):288-323, 2020JOURNAL OF SPECIES RESEARCH Vol. 9, No. 3 A checklist of Trichoptera (Insecta) of the Korean Peninsula Sun-Jin Park and Dongsoo Kong* Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea *Correspondent: [email protected] A revised checklist of Korean Trichoptera is provided for the species recorded from the Korean Peninsula, including both North and South Korea. The checklist includes bibliographic research as well as results after reexamination of some specimens. For each species, we provide the taxonomic literature that examined Korean Trichoptera materials or mentioned significant taxonomic treatments regarding to Korean species. We also provide the records of unnamed species based on larval identification for further study. Based on taxonomic considerations, 20 species among the previously known nominal species in Korea are deleted or synonymized, and three species omitted from the previous lists, Hydropsyche athene Malicky and Chantaramongkol, 2000, H. simulata Mosely, 1942 and Helicopsyche coreana Mey, 1991 are newly added to the checklist. Hydropsyche formosana Ulmer, 1911 is recorded from the Korean Peninsula for the first time by the identification of Hydropsyche KD. In addition, we recognized 14 species of larvae separated with only tentative alphabetic designations. As a result, this new Korean Trichoptera checklist includes 218 currently recognized species in 66 genera and 25 families from the Korean Peninsula. Keywords: ‌caddisflies, catalogue, history, North Korea, South Korea Ⓒ 2020 National Institute of Biological Resources DOI:10.12651/JSR.2020.9.3.288 INTRODUCTION Democratic Republic (North Korea). Since the mid 1970s, several scientists within the Republic of Korea (South Trichoptera is the seventh-largest order among Insecta, Korea) have studied Trichoptera. Despite the various re- with more than 16,000 extant species (Morse et al., 2019). search materials, the knowledge about Trichoptera fauna This order also has more species than the total combined in Korea is still insufficient because of sporadic and un- with other primarily aquatic insect orders (Ephemeroptera, sustained studies. In addition, some species were record- Odonata, Plecoptera and Megaloptera) (Holzenthal et al., ed only based on their larval stage by reference to mostly 2007; Morse et al., 2019). The adults of this holometab- Japanese literature, and research on larva-adult associa- olous order are mainly aerial, terrestrial and nocturnal, tions using Korean materials is lacking. but their eggs, larvae and pupae mostly live in freshwa- Several checklists of Korean caddisflies have been ter. The larvae have a very unique character of producing published by some North and South Korean entomolo- silk, and attaching various materials from the aquatic en- gists (Cho, 1955; Ju, 1969; Yoon and Kim, 1994; Park vironment using the silk to build multiple types of cases and Bae, 1998b; Cho, 2003; Choi and Ko, 2006; Hwang, and retreats. Trichoptera is an essential component of the 2010; Jung et al., 2011). Recently, the National Institute aquatic ecosystem because they have been adapted to the of Biological Resources (Incheon, South Korea) pub- most aquatic habitats and contribute to the transfer of en- lished checklists of Korean insects including caddisflies, ergy and nutrients through the trophic levels of all fresh- based on the registered species in the National List of water ecosystems (Wiggins, 1996). Species of Korea (Hwang, 2012; Ahn et al., 2013; Park Taxonomic studies on Trichoptera from the Korean et al., 2019). However, the list overlooked some records Peninsula (Korea) have been intermittently conducted of Korean Trichoptera species and taxonomic treatments since the 1920s. From the 1920s to the 1950s, all the such as synonymy. Therefore, a revised checklist of Kore- Korean Trichoptera records were done by a few Japa- an Trichoptera based on scientific and taxonomic consid- nese scientists. After that time until the early 1990s, most eration is required in Korea. taxonomic studies were performed by a few European In this study, we provide an amended checklist of Ko- taxonomists, using materials from the Korean People′s rean Trichoptera based on not only bibliographic surveys August 2020 Park and Kong. Checklist of Korean Trichoptera 289 but also the reexamination of some specimens. We list (Stenopsychidae); Stactobia makartschenkoi Botosanea- the species included in taxonomic publications concerned nu and Levanidova, 1988 (Hydroptilidae); Glossosoma with Korean Trichoptera, but exclude some publications boltoni Curtis, 1834 (Glossosomatidae); Rhyacophila which provided only “Korea” as a distribution area, bib- hokkaidensis Iwata, 1927, R. nigrocephala Iwata, 1927 liographic checklists or illustration books. The records (Rhyacophilidae); Agrypnia pagetana Curtis, 1835, solely based on the larval stage without any descriptions Semblis melaleuca (McLachlan, 1871) (Phryganeidae); or illustrations are also excluded, but some publications Lepidostoma ebenacanthus (Ito, 1992), L. japonicum including important information of Korean fauna are (Tsuda, 1936) (Lepidostomatidae); Goera pilosa (Fa- mentioned. There are many records of unnamed species bricius, 1775) (Goeridae); Dicosmoecus obscuripennis separated with or without only tentative alphabetic des- Banks, 1938 (Limnephilidae); and Psilotreta kisoensis ignations in Korea. We provide their information for the Iwata, 1928 (Odontoceridae). Three species, Stenopsy- future study. che sauteri Ulmer, 1907 (Stenopsychidae); Glossosoma In the checklist, we followed Morse et al. (2019) and intermedium (Klapálek, 1892) (Glossosomatidae); and Thomas et al. (2020) for the higher classification, and Oligotricha fulvipes Matsumura, 1904 (Phryganeidae), subfamilies, genera and species are arranged alphabet- which appeared in some illustration books or checklists ically in each family. The recorded country (North or (Esaki et al., 1938; Kuwayama, 1949; Takeuchi, 1955; South Korea), provincial localities, sex or stage, and Ko- Hwang, 2012; Yang et al., 2016) are also removed be- rean name of each species are provided. In case of giving cause there have not been any Korean records for them. new Korean names or correcting former Korean names, On the other hand, Hydropsyche athene Malicky and we put an asterisk beside the Korean name. The abbre- Chantaramongkol, 2000, H. simulata Mosely, 1942 (Hy- viations used in this list are as follows: N (North Korea) dropsychidae); and Helicopsyche coreana Mey, 1991 and S (South Korea) for countries; CB (Chungcheong- (Helicopsychidae), which were omitted from the previ- buk-do), CN (Chungcheongnam-do), GB (Gyeongsang- ous checklists are added to this list, and Hydropsyche buk-do), GG (Gyeonggi-do), GN (Gyeongsangnam-do), formosana Ulmer, 1911 (Hydropsychidae) is recorded GW (Gangwon-do), HGB (Hamgyeongbuk-do), HGN from the Korean Peninsula for the first time by the iden- (Hamgyeongnam-do), HHB (Hwanghaebuk-do), HHN tification ofHydropsyche KD. (Hwanghaenam-do), JB (Jeollabuk-do), JJ (Jeju-do), JN Additionally, we recognized 14 unnamed species sep- (Jeollanam-do), NGW (Gangwon-do in North Korea), PB arated with only tentative alphabetic designations as (Pyeonganbuk-do), PN (Pyeongannam-do), PY (Pyeong- follows: Hydropsyche KD as Hydropsyche formosana yang), RG (Ryanggang-do) and SL (Seoul) for provinces; Ulmer, 1911, Hydropsyche KF and Hydropsyche KUb A (adult), M (male adult), F (female adult), P (pupa) and L as Hydropsyche kozhantschikovi Martynov, 1924 (Hy- (larva) for sex or stage. dropsychidae); Apsilochorema KUa as Apsilochorema sutshanum Martynov, 1934 (Hydrobiosidae); Rhyacoph- ila sp. KA as Rhyacophila lata Martynov, 1918, Rhy- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION acophila sp. KB as Rhyacophila narvae Navás, 1926, Rhyacophila sp. RC as Rhyacophila retracta Martynov, In North Korean checklists (Ju, 1969; Lee and Kim, 1914, Rhyacophila sp. RE as Rhyacophila shikotsuensis 1993; Choi and Ko, 2006; Ahn et al., 2013), we found Iwata, 1927 (Rhyacophilidae); Oligotricha sp. as Oli- the records of Himalopsyche japonica (Morton, 1900) gotricha lapponica (Hagen, 1864), Neuronia sp. KA as (Rhyacophilidae), Semblis melaleuca (McLachlan, Semblis phalaenoides (Linnaeus, 1758) (Phryganeidae); 1871) (Phryganeidae), Uenoa tokunagai Iwata, 1927 Neophylax sp. KA as Neophylax ussuriensis (Martynov, (Uenoidae) and Perissoneura paradoxa McLachlan, 1914) (Uenoidae); Asynarchus KUa as Asynarchus amu- 1871 (Odontoceridae). They were based on the larval rensis (Ulmer, 1905) (Limnephilidae); Leptocerus sp. identification from North Korea and did not include any KD as Ceraclea shuotsuensis (Tsuda, 1942) (Leptoceri- detailed information. We did not include these species dae); and Gumaga KUa as Gumaga orientalis (Martynov, even at the generic level although these genera, un- 1935) (Sericostomatidae). In addition, we listed many known from Korea at present, may be found in the fu- unnamed ′species′ separated by the larval morphology. ture. As a result, 218 nominal species belonging to 66 gen- The following species have been removed from the era and 25 families were recognized in this study, but previously known Korean Trichoptera due to misidenti- 12 species of them were recorded only based on larval fications, synonyms or taxonomic problems mentioned identifications. Further study on Korean caddisfly fauna, in remarks for each species: Arctopsyche spinifera Ul- especially faunistic studies based on adult materials and mer, 1907, Hydropsyche