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System Design and Optimization of a Hypersonic Launch Vehicle

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System Design and Optimization of a Hypersonic Launch Vehicle System Design and Optimization of a Hypersonic Launch Vehicle A project present to The Faculty of the Department of Aerospace Engineering San Jose State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Aerospace Engineering By Matthew Ringle May 2014 approved by Dr. Papadopoulos Faculty Advisor TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... 1 List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ 3 List Of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 4 1.0 Literature Review ................................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Background ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Waverider ......................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 Winged Bodies .................................................................................................................. 6 1.4Blunt Reentry Bodies ....................................................................................................... 7 2.0 Problem Statement.................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Fully Coupled System ...................................................................................................... 8 2.2 Optimized System ............................................................................................................ 9 3.0 Design Specification ................................................................................................................ 9 4.0 Subsystem Primary Governing Equations ......................................................................... 10 4.1 OML Subsystem............................................................................................................. 10 4.2 Rocket Propulsion Subsystem ...................................................................................... 10 4.2.1 Propulsion Governing Equations ....................................................................... 11 4.2.2 Propulsion-Structural Governing Equations .................................................... 11 4.3Thermal Protection Subsystem .................................................................................... 12 5.0 Subsystem Design .................................................................................................................. 12 5.1 Parameterized Waverider Design ................................................................................ 12 5.2 Parameterized Propulsion Design ................................................................................ 16 5.3 Parameterized Structural Design ................................................................................. 17 6.0 System Integration ................................................................................................................ 21 7.0 OML Trade Studies .............................................................................................................. 22 8.0 System Optimization ............................................................................................................. 23 9.0 Results and Discussion .......................................................................................................... 24 9.1 Waverider Final Design ................................................................................................ 24 9.2 Aerodynamics ................................................................................................................. 26 9.3 Propulsion ....................................................................................................................... 30 1 9.4 Structural........................................................................................................................32 9.5 Thermal...........................................................................................................................34 9.4 Total Mass.......................................................................................................................38 10.0 Conclusion............................................................................................................................39 11.0 Recommendations................................................................................................................39 Bibliography.................................................................................................................................40 Appendix.......................................................................................................................................41 2 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Maximum L/D Ratio Comparison for Various Hypersonic Configurations [4] .... 5 Figure 2: HTV-2 [6] ...................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 3: X-15 [6] .......................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 4: Apollo 11 Capsule. [7] .................................................................................................. 8 Figure 5: N² Diagram Example [8] .............................................................................................. 9 Figure 6: Sample Trajectory ...................................................................................................... 10 Figure 7: Wedge-Derived Waverider [11] ................................................................................ 13 Figure 8: Waverider Creation from a Generating Flowfield [11] .......................................... 13 Figure 9: Wedge Body Slice ....................................................................................................... 14 Figure 10: Full Model Slices....................................................................................................... 14 Figure 11: Parameterized Waverider Outer Mode Line Design ............................................ 15 Figure 12: Frame Depth, Frame Spacing, Longeron Spacing Diagram ................................ 17 Figure 13: Waverider Construction Lines Isometric View. .................................................... 18 Figure 14: Waverider Construction Lines Top View. ............................................................. 18 Figure 15: Parameterized Waverider Structure Design ......................................................... 19 Figure 16: Parameterized Waverider Design Rear View. ....................................................... 19 Figure 17: Total Deformation Structural Analysis From Hand Calculated Pressure. ........ 20 Figure 18: Von-Mises Stress Structural Analysis From Hand Calculated Pressure ............ 20 2 Figure 19: Hypersonic Waverider N Diagram. ....................................................................... 21 Figure 20: OML Final Design Left View .................................................................................. 24 Figure 21: OML Final Design Rear View ................................................................................. 24 Figure 22: OML Final Design Top View .................................................................................. 25 Figure 23: Ascent Trajectory Characteristic ........................................................................... 27 Figure 24: Descent Trajectory Characteristic .......................................................................... 27 Figure 25: Waverider Streamlines ............................................................................................ 28 Figure 26: Ascent L/D vs. Angle of Attack ............................................................................... 28 Figure 27: Descent L/D vs. Angle of Attack ............................................................................. 29 Figure 28: L/D vs. Mission Time ............................................................................................... 29 Figure 29: Windward Pressure Visualization .......................................................................... 30 Figure 30: Structure Isometric View ......................................................................................... 33 Figure 31: Structure Top View .................................................................................................. 33 Figure 32: Metallic TPS.............................................................................................................. 34 Figure 33: Ascent Convection vs. Time..................................................................................... 35 Figure 34: Descent Convection vs. Time ................................................................................... 35 Figure 35: Thermal Analysis Setup ........................................................................................... 36 Figure 36: Total Descent Temperature ..................................................................................... 37 Figure 37: Saffil Descent Temperature ....................................................................................
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