DOCSLIB.ORG

Revision of the Genus Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944 (Nematoda: Tylenchoidea)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Revision of the Genus Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944 (Nematoda: Tylenchoidea) Revision of the Genus Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944 (Nematoda: Tylenchoidea) S. A. SHER ~ Abstract: All four species and one subspecies of the genus Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944 were studied and measured from type specimens. Nacobbus batatiformis Thorne and Schuster, 1956; N. serendipiticus Franklin, 1959; and N. serendipiticus bolivianus LordeUo, Zamith and Boock, 1961 are proposed as synonyms of N. aberrans (Thorne, 1935) Tborne and Allen, 1944. Nacobbus aberrans is distinguished from the type species N. dorsalis Thcrne and Allen, 1944 by the larger number of body annules between the vulva and anus; the lower position of the vulva in the young female; and the shape and number of eggs retained in the mature female. Key Words: Taxonomy, Nacobbus. Juveniles, immature females and males of on the original descriptions. For this revision Nacobbus Thorne and Allen 1944, have preserved type specimens of all the described been found, usually in low numbers ( 1 to 10 species were studied and measured. In addi- per 477 cc of soil), in soil samples from tion, fresh material of N. dorsalis from the widely distributed areas (usually unculti- type locality was used for comparison. vated) in the western United States. Rarely have the mature females been found in the HISTORY roots, even after repeated sampling of some Thorne and Allen (12) pointed out that of these infested areas. Native plants from Cobb (4) was apparently the first to re- these places were grown in infested soil in cord specimens of Nacobbus from Colorado, the greenhouse on several occasions without U.S.A. Cobb illustrated a male and juvenile finding mature females in the roots. Be- which he considered to be Heterodera cause these specimens could not be identified schachtii Schmidt, 1871 but the illustrations and also because N. batatiformis Thorne and clearly indicate they belong to the genus Schuster, 1956 is a class "A" pest subject to Nacobbus. strict quarantine regulations in California, The first species of Nacobbus was de- this study of the described species and the scribed as AnguilIulina aberrans Thorne, widely-distributed California specimens was 1935, from a native plant, Atriplex conferti- undertaken. /offa (Torr. and Frem.), collected in the Four species and one subspecies have been desert foothills west of Utah Lake, Utah, on described in the genus Nacobbus. A key to May 25, 1927 (11). Additional collections the four species of Nacobbus, adapted from of this nematode were made in 1933 several Thorne and Schuster's key of 1956 (14), was miles west and about 95 miles south of the presented by Franklin in 1959 (6). These original location ( 11 ). keys, using juvenile, immature female, ma- In 1944 Thorne and Allen proposed the ture female and male characters were based genus Nacobbus (13) based upon pronounced sexual dimorphism, elongated dorsal esopha- Received for publication 17 October 1969. Department of Nematology, University of California, River- geal glands overlapping the intestine, and the side, California 92502. The author is extremely grateful galls or swellings produced on host roots. A to G. Thorne, M. T. Franklin, M. W. Allen, D. C. M. Corbett, H. Hirschmann and M. Cardenas for providing new species, Nacobbus dorsalis Thorne and many of the specimens used in this study and to M. W. Allen, O. C. M. Corbett and M. T. Franklin for review- Alien, 1944, from southern California was ing the manuscript. A. H. Bell and L. Wang assisted in making the measurements and illustrations. designated as the type species (13). They 228 REVlSlON OF Nacobbus • Sher 229 included this genus in the family Tylenchidae on the lateral roots, was found on tomato in and considered it most closely related to a glasshouse nursery in only one locality. It Pratylenchus Filipjev, 1936 and what is now was distinguished from the other species by Radopholus Thorne, 1949. Anguillulina the shape of the mature female, vulva-anus aberrans was placed in Nacobbus by Thorne distance in relation to tail length, position of and Allen, 1944, and it was noted that the phasmids, styler length in the female, Cobb's description of 1918 from Colorado shape of first stage juvenile tail and incisures could not be identified to species from the on juvenile tail. In pot tests mangold, lettuce information given. N. dorsalis was distin- and Solanum nigrum were found to be hosts guished from N. aberrans by the shape of the (6). A later host test, with some of the mature female, male tail and the ratio of tail plants tested by Thorne and Schuster for N. length to vulva-anus distance in the imma- batatiformis, indicated the same reaction to ture female. N. serendipiticus in 18 plants and different Nacobbus batatilormis Thorne and Schus- results with 4 plants (3). Prasad and Web- ter, 1956 (14) was described from sugar ster (10) reported on the effect of tempera- beets (Beta vulgaris) grown in Mitchell, Ne- ture on rate of development, and Clark (3) braska and was reported on the same host recorded the development and life history of from various other areas in Nebraska; Wind- N. serendipiticus. In 1968 de Bruijn and sor, Colorado; and Torrington, Wyoming. Stemerding ( 1 ) reported N. serendipiticus in Host range studies by Thorne and Schuster the Netherlands in a glasshouse, and in an indicated that a number of plants in the inoculation trial showed the pathogenicity of Cactaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cruciferae, and this nematode to tomatoes. Zygophyllaceae were susceptible, whereas Nacobbus serendipiticus bolivianus Lor- many plants in the Gramineae, Liliaceae, dello, Zamith and Boock, 1961 was described Malvaceae, Iridaceae, Amaranthaceae and from the roots of potato (Solanum andi- Convolvulaceae were not. Some species of genum) collected in the Cochabamba Valley the Cucurbitaceae, Umbelliferae, Compositae in Bolivia at an altitude of 3,200 meters (8). and Solanaceae were resistant while others It was distinguished from N. serendipiticus were susceptible. In addition, Thorne and serendipiticus by the inner band of the lateral Schuster reported on the life cycle of Nacob- fields being somewhat narrower than the bus batatilormis. This species was distin- outer ones, and by the wider males. guished from the previous two species by the Thorne in 1961 (12) considered the H. shape of the mature female, strongly devel- schachtii reported from Colorado in 1918 by oped median bulb and corpus, ratio of tail Cobb as a synonym of Nacobbus batat#ormis length to the vulva-anus distance and the on the basis of a survey indicating the wide- position of the phasmids. Later Caveness spread distribution of N. batatijormis in Col- (2) reported N. batatiformis from 14 coun- orado (2). He also discussed the history, ties in six states in the western part of the distribution and control of N. batatiformis. United States. Genus Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944 The first record of Nacobbus outside the Nacobbus Thorne and Allen, 1944, pp. 27-28; western United States was that by Franklin Thorne, 1961, p. 239; Goodey, 1963, p. 85. (6) who described a new species from En- DIAGNOSIS EMENDED: Nacobbinae. gland, N. serendipiticus Franklin, 1959. This Sexual dimorphism present, mature female species, which produced characteristic galls swollen, monodelphic; sedentary in the galls 230 Journal of Nematology, Vol. 2, No. 3, July 1970 or swellings of plant roots. Male vermiform, Immature female (migratory in soil and caudal alae not well developed, enveloping roots).--Body vermiform. Lip region hemi- tail. Cephalic framework and stylet well- spherical, not set off, with three to four developed. Median bulb with strongly devel- annules. Stylet knobs round. Median bulb oped valve, except in juveniles with normal well-developed with large conspicuous valve. valve. Esophageal glands elongated, over- Esophageal glands elongated, overlapping lapping intestine dorsally. intestine dorsally more than three times body TYPE SPECIES: Nacobbus dorsalis width. Lateral field with four incisures, in- Thorne and Allen, 1944. completely areolated. Tail rounded with 10 to 18 annules, distal annules wider. Phas- Nacobbus dorsalis Thorne and Allen, 1944 mids below level of anus, in anterior portion (Fig. 1) of tail. Nacobbus dorsalis Thorne and Alien, 1944, pp. 28-30; Goodey, 1963, pp. 85-86. Male.--Similar to immature female ex- cept for sexual dimorphism; caudal alae Measurements (6 mature Q topotypes) : inconspicuous, enveloping tail. L = 1.4 mm (1.3-1.6); stylet = 22 ~ (20- luveniles.---First stage in the egg in fe- 24). male. Labial framework, stylet, esophagus (10 immature Q topotypes) : L = 0.78 and body annulation not well-developed. mm (0.59-1.06); a = 30 (26-34); b = 6.1 Tail rounded (Fig. 1 D). Second stage ju- (5.1-7.3); b' = 2.8 (2.0-3.9); c = 39 (30- venile in the egg (Fig. 1 E) or free in the soil. 52); c'=l.1 (0.8-1.4); V=95 (94-97); Labial framework, stylet, esophagus and VA t = 10 (8-14); stylet = 22 ~ (19-24). body annulation well-developed. (10 ~ topotypes): L = 0.89 mm (0.72- Type materiaL--Original specimens used 1.16); a = 30 (25-41); b = 6.6 (5.2-8.7); in the description of this species are deposited b'= 3.6 (2.7-4.7) ; c = 34 (25-38) ; c' = 1.6 in the USDA Nematode Collection, Nema- (1.4-1.8); stylet --- 23.5 ~ (20-27); guber- tology Investigations, Beltsville, Maryland, naculum = 9 ~ (8-11 ) ; spicules = 30 ~ (27- U.S.A. Topotypes collected from the type 35). host, Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'H6r., and Mature female (sedentary in roots).--Body at the type locality, Caliente, California, are enlarged to oval or spherical shape (Fig. 1 in the collections of the Departments of G-J), short anterior projection containing Nematology, University of California, Davis lip region to median bulb; elongated posterior and Riverside, California, U.S.A.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Use of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus Intraradices As Biological Control Agent of the Nematode Nacobbus Aberrans Parasitizing Tomato
    668 Vol.57, n.5: pp. 668-674, September-October 2014 BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-8913201402200 ISSN 1516-8913 Printed in Brazil BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL Use of the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Glomus intraradices as Biological Control Agent of the Nematode Nacobbus aberrans Parasitizing Tomato Nicolás Marro 1*, Paola Lax 2, Marta Cabello 3, Marcelo Edmundo Doucet 2 and Alejandra Gabriela Becerra 1 1Laboratorio de Micología; Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; CONICET- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Córdoba - Argentina. 2Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (CONICET-UNC) y Centro de Zoología Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina. 3Instituto Spegazzini, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Buenos Aires, Argentina ABSTRACT The plant-parasitic nematode Nacobbus aberrans is an endoparasite that induces gall formation in the roots and causes severe losses to diverse crops. Some populations of this nematode show preference for certain hosts, revealing the existence of “races/groups” with different behaviour and making nematode management difficult. A possible biological control alternative to reduce the damage caused by this species may be the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In the present work, the effect of Glomus intraradices on tomato plants inoculated with the nematode at transplanting and three weeks later was tested. At 60 days, the following parameters were estimated: percentage of AMF colonization, root and aerial dry weight, number of galls and egg masses, and reproduction factor (RF=final population/initial population) of N. aberrans . AMF colonization was higher in the presence of the nematode.
    [Show full text]
  • Nematodes and Agriculture in Continental Argentina
    Fundam. appl. NemalOl., 1997.20 (6), 521-539 Forum article NEMATODES AND AGRICULTURE IN CONTINENTAL ARGENTINA. AN OVERVIEW Marcelo E. DOUCET and Marîa M.A. DE DOUCET Laboratorio de Nematologia, Centra de Zoologia Aplicada, Fant/tad de Cien.cias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Casilla df Correo 122, 5000 C6rdoba, Argentina. Acceplecl for publication 5 November 1996. Summary - In Argentina, soil nematodes constitute a diverse group of invertebrates. This widely distributed group incJudes more than twO hundred currently valid species, among which the plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes are the most remarkable. The former includes species that cause damages to certain crops (mainly MeloicU:igyne spp, Nacobbus aberrans, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, and Xiphinema index), the latter inc1udes various species of the Mermithidae family, and also the genera Steinernema and Helerorhabditis. There are few full-time nematologists in the country, and they work on taxonomy, distribution, host-parasite relationships, control, and different aspects of the biology of the major species. Due tO the importance of these organisms and the scarcity of information existing in Argentina about them, nematology can be considered a promising field for basic and applied research. Résumé - Les nématodes et l'agriculture en Argentine. Un aperçu général - Les nématodes du sol représentent en Argentine un groupe très diversifiè. Ayant une vaste répartition géographique, il comprend actuellement plus de deux cents espèces, celles parasitant les plantes et les insectes étant considèrées comme les plus importantes. Les espèces du genre Me/oi­ dogyne, ainsi que Nacobbus aberrans, Dùylenchus dipsaci, Tylenchulus semipenetrans et Xiphinema index représentent un réel danger pour certaines cultures.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S Rdna
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of February 1997 Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA Luma Al-Banna University of Jordan, [email protected] Valerie M. Williamson University of California, Davis, [email protected] Scott Lyell Gardner University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Al-Banna, Luma; Williamson, Valerie M.; and Gardner, Scott Lyell, "Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA" (1997). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 52. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/52 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (ISSN: 1055-7903), vol. 7, no. 1 (February 1997): 94-102. Article no. FY960381. Copyright 1997, Academic Press. Used by permission. Phylogenetic Analysis of Nematodes of the Genus Pratylenchus Using Nuclear 26S rDNA Luma Al-Banna*, Valerie Williamson*, and Scott Lyell Gardner1 *Department of Nematology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95676-8668 1H. W. Manter Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, University of Nebraska State Museum, W-529 Nebraska Hall, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0514; [email protected] Fax: (402) 472-8949.
    [Show full text]
  • Theory Manual Course No. Pl. Path
    NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Theory Manual INTRODUCTORY PLANT NEMATOLOGY Course No. Pl. Path 2.2 (V Dean’s) nd 2 Semester B.Sc. (Hons.) Agri. PROF.R.R.PATEL, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Dr.D.M.PATHAK, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Dr.R.R.WAGHUNDE, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE NAVSARI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY BHARUCH 392012 1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION What are the nematodes? Nematodes are belongs to animal kingdom, they are triploblastic, unsegmented, bilateral symmetrical, pseudocoelomateandhaving well developed reproductive, nervous, excretoryand digestive system where as the circulatory and respiratory systems are absent but govern by the pseudocoelomic fluid. Plant Nematology: Nematology is a science deals with the study of morphology, taxonomy, classification, biology, symptomatology and management of {plant pathogenic} nematode (PPN). The word nematode is made up of two Greek words, Nema means thread like and eidos means form. The words Nematodes is derived from Greek words ‘Nema+oides’ meaning „Thread + form‟(thread like organism ) therefore, they also called threadworms. They are also known as roundworms because nematode body tubular is shape. The movement (serpentine) of nematodes like eel (marine fish), so also called them eelworm in U.K. and Nema in U.S.A. Roundworms by Zoologist Nematodes are a diverse group of organisms, which are found in many different environments. Approximately 50% of known nematode species are marine, 25% are free-living species found in soil or freshwater, 15% are parasites of animals, and 10% of known nematode species are parasites of plants (see figure at left). The study of nematodes has traditionally been viewed as three separate disciplines: (1) Helminthology dealing with the study of nematodes and other worms parasitic in vertebrates (mainly those of importance to human and veterinary medicine).
    [Show full text]
  • Transcriptome Profiling of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne Enterolobii During Parasitism and Identification of Novel Effector Proteins
    Ecole Doctorale de Sciences de la Vie et de la Santé Unité de recherche : UMR ISA INRA 1355-UNS-CNRS 7254 Thèse de doctorat Présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de docteur en Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire de L’UNIVERSITE COTE D’AZUR par NGUYEN Chinh Nghia Etude de la régulation du transcriptome de nématodes parasites de plante, les nématodes à galles du genre Meloidogyne Dirigée par Dr. Bruno FAVERY Soutenance le 8 Décembre, 2016 Devant le jury composé de : Pr. Pierre FRENDO Professeur, INRA UNS CNRS Sophia-Antipolis Président Dr. Marc-Henri LEBRUN Directeur de Recherche, INRA AgroParis Tech Grignon Rapporteur Dr. Nemo PEETERS Directeur de Recherche, CNRS-INRA Castanet Tolosan Rapporteur Dr. Stéphane JOUANNIC Chargé de Recherche, IRD Montpellier Examinateur Dr. Bruno FAVERY Directeur de Recherche, UNS CNRS Sophia-Antipolis Directeur de thèse Doctoral School of Life and Health Sciences Research Unity: UMR ISA INRA 1355-UNS-CNRS 7254 PhD thesis Presented and defensed to obtain Doctor degree in Molecular and Cellular Biology from COTE D’AZUR UNIVERITY by NGUYEN Chinh Nghia Comprehensive Transcriptome Profiling of Root-knot Nematodes during Plant Infection and Characterisation of Species Specific Trait PhD directed by Dr Bruno FAVERY Defense on December 8th 2016 Jury composition : Pr. Pierre FRENDO Professeur, INRA UNS CNRS Sophia-Antipolis President Dr. Marc-Henri LEBRUN Directeur de Recherche, INRA AgroParis Tech Grignon Reporter Dr. Nemo PEETERS Directeur de Recherche, CNRS-INRA Castanet Tolosan Reporter Dr. Stéphane JOUANNIC Chargé de Recherche, IRD Montpellier Examinator Dr. Bruno FAVERY Directeur de Recherche, UNS CNRS Sophia-Antipolis PhD Director Résumé Les nématodes à galles du genre Meloidogyne spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Progress Report
    MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER UNEP REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL MAY 2017 VOLUME 1 PROGRESS REPORT UNEP MAY 2017 REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL VOLUME 1 PROGRESS REPORT iii Montreal Protocol On Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Report of the UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel May 2017 VOLUME 1 PROGRESS REPORT The text of this report is composed in Times New Roman. Co-ordination: Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Composition of the report: Bella Maranion, Marta Pizano, Ashley Woodcock Layout and formatting: Marta Pizano (UNEP TEAP) Date: May 2017 Under certain conditions, printed copies of this report are available from: UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME Ozone Secretariat, P.O. Box 30552, Nairobi, Kenya This document is also available in portable document format from the UNEP Ozone Secretariat's website: http://ozone.unep.org/en/assessment-panels/technology-and-economic-assessment-panel No copyright involved. This publication may be freely copied, abstracted and cited, with acknowledgement of the source of the material. ISBN: 978-9966-076-27-4 iv May 2017 TEAP Progress Report Disclaimer The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) Co-chairs and members, the Technical Options Committees Co-chairs and members, the TEAP Task Forces Co-chairs and members, and the companies and organisations that employ them do not endorse the performance, worker safety, or environmental acceptability of any of the technical options discussed. Every industrial operation requires consideration of worker safety and proper disposal of contaminants and waste products.
    [Show full text]
  • Importance of Agricultural Nematology Outreach
    Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, ISSN 2375-9402, USA December 2016, Volume 2, No. 2, pp. 46-53 Doi: 10.15341/mast(2375-9402)/02.02.2016/005 Academic Star Publishing Company, 2016 www.academicstar.us Importance of Agricultural Nematology Outreach Marcelo E. Doucet1, M. Fernández Górgola2, E. Agüero2, R. D. Cruz2, R. Pico Zosi3, O. D. Luque2, D. N. Romero4, 1 and P. Lax 1. Laboratorio de Nematología (IDEA-CONICET, National University of Córdoba, Argentina 2. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Catamarca, Argentina 3. National University of Catamarca, Argentina 4. Extension Agency National Agricultural Technology Institute (INTA) Santa María, Catamarca, Argentina Abstract: The surface of continental Argentina is 2,791,810 square kilometers, with phytogeographic regions characterized by soils, climates and different vegetation cover. Of that area, 34 million hectares are used for agriculture. In this context, soil nematodes that cause damage to crops can find many suitable places to colonize and multiply. So far, the true importance of these organisms is not taken into account. We believe that this situation is due to the limited information held by producers and technicians who advise, regarding soil nematodes in general and phyto-parasites in particular. Because of this, the task of extension is very limited and does not contribute to raise awareness of the serious damage that some species cause to agriculture. Therefore, some people who work mainly in basic research, we decided to engage with agronomists, producers and members of ministries of agriculture, to convey results of our daily work. As a result, research projects on nematodes that affect the cultivation of pepper for paprika began.
    [Show full text]
  • First Record of Diploscapter Coronata (Rhabditida), a Possible Health Significance Nematode Associated with Tomato Crops in Argentina
    Rev. FCA UNCUYO. 2016. XX(X): XXX-XXX. ISSN impreso 0370-4661. ISSN (en línea) 1853-8665. First record of Diploscapter coronata (Rhabditida), a possible health significance nematode associated with tomato crops in Argentina Primer registro de Diploscapter coronata (Rhabditida), un posible nematodo de importancia sanitaria asociado a cultivos de tomate en Argentina Augusto Salas 1, José Matías Rusconi 1, Nora Camino 1, 2, Daiana Eliceche 1, María Fernanda Achinelly 1, 3 Originales: Recepción: 21/03/2016 - Aceptación: 08/10/2016 Nota científica Abstract Diploscapter coronata is a free-living soil bacterial-feeding nematode found in compost, sewage or agricultural soil and as a facultative parasite of insects and verte- brates, even humans. The clinical symptoms include epigastric tenderness, diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, weakness and nauseas. Also, they have been considered as potential carriers of bacteria pathogenic to the surface of preharvest fruits and vegetables in contact with soil. In this note, we reported the presence of D. coronata in the framework Argentina. Soil samples taken from tomato growing (Lycopersicon esculentum) were processedof diverse soilin the nematodes laboratory samplings by the centrifugationin orchards of Abastomethod, town, while Buenos collected Aires roots province, were observed directly under stereomicroscope in order to isolate nematodes. Specimens presence of D. coronata in agricultural soil and in association with root galls, caused by thewere plant-parasitic identified by morphologicalnematode, Nacobbus and morphometric aberrans. Females characteristics. were the Resultsonly isolated showed stage. the The detection of this nematode in greenhouses where dogs, cats and poultry live together without any health control highlights the importance of applying proper hygiene measures during agricultural practices to avoid contamination of fruits and vegetables and prevent Diploscapter genus with the species D.
    [Show full text]
  • Review on Nematode Molecular Diagnostics: from Bands to Barcodes
    Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol.4, No.27, 2014 Review on Nematode Molecular Diagnostics: From Bands to Barcodes Alemu Nega Department of Horticulture and Plant Science, Jimma University, P. O. Box 307, Jimma, Ethiopia Email Address: [email protected] Abstract Molecular methods of identification provide accurate, reliable diagnostic approaches for the identification of plant-parasitic nematodes. The promising and attractive results have generated increasing demands for applications in new fields and for better performing techniques. Initially, the techniques were used solely for taxonomic purposes, but increasingly became popular as a component of diagnostic information. Diagnostic procedures are now available to differentiate the plant-pathogenic species from related but non-pathogenic species. The microscopic size of plant parasitic nematodes poses problems and techniques have been developed to enrich samples to obtain qualitative and quantitative information on individual species. In addition, techniques are available to evaluate single nematodes, cysts or eggs of individual species in extracts from soil and plant tissue. DNA or RNA-based techniques are the most widely used approaches for identification, taxonomy and phylogenetic studies, although the development and use of other methods has been, and in some cases still is, important. DNA barcoding and the extraction of DNA from preserved specimens will aid considerably in diagnostic information. In addition, further review is needed to identify all recovered nematode and evaluation of promising treatments for use in integrated disease management strategy to manage not only regulated species such as the potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida, and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne.
    [Show full text]
  • Nematoda, Pratylenchidae) Reveal the Existence of Cryptic (Complex) Species A
    NEMATROPICA Vol. 49, No. 1 Junio – 2019 - June ELECTRONIC ARTICLE/ARTICULO ELECTRONICO (Available at Nematropica Online: http://palmm.fcla.edu/nematode/) PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG MEXICAN POPULATIONS OF NACOBBUS ABERRANS (NEMATODA, PRATYLENCHIDAE) REVEAL THE EXISTENCE OF CRYPTIC (COMPLEX) SPECIES A. J. Cabrera-Hidalgo, N. Marban-Mendoza, and E. Valadez-Moctezuma ................................................. 1-11 FURTHER ELUCIDATION OF THE HOST RANGE OF GLOBODERA ELLINGTONAE A. B. Peetz, H.V. Baker, and I. A. Zasada.................................................................................................... 12-17 DISTRIBUTION AND DIVERSITY OF CYST NEMATODE (NEMATODA: HETERODERIDAE) POPULATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN, AND THEIR MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION USING ITS-RDNA ANALYSIS A. A. Dababat, H. Muminjanov, G. Erginbas-Orakci, G. Ahmadova Fakhraddin, L. Waeyenberge, Ş. Yildiz, N. Duman, and M. Imren ................................................................................. 18-30 PATHOGENICITY AND REPRODUCTION OF ISOLATES OF RENIFORM NEMATODE, ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS, FROM LOUISIANA ON SOYBEAN M. T. Kularathna, C. Overstreet, E. C. McGawley, S. R. Stetina, C. Khanal, F. M. C. Godoy, and B. K. McInnes ............................................................................................................................................... 31-41 INFLUENCE OF TWO NACOBBUS ABERRANS ISOLATES FROM ARGENTINA ON THE GROWTH OF THREE TOMATO CULTIVARS V. A. Cabrera, N. Dottori, and M. E. Doucet ..............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Nacobbus Aberrans
    EPPO quarantine pest Prepared by CABI and EPPO for the EU under Contract 90/399003 Data Sheets on Quarantine Pests Nacobbus aberrans IDENTITY Name:Nacobbus aberrans (Thorne) Thorne & Allen (sensu lato) Synonyms: Anguillulina aberrans Thorne Nacobbus batatiformis Thorne & Schuster Nacobbus serendipiticus Franklin Nacobbus serendipiticus bolivianus Lordello, Zamith & Boock Taxonomic position: Nematoda: Pratylenchidae Common names: False root-knot nematode Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature: The genus Nacobbus is in need of revision (Sher, 1970) and species differences are not fully resolved. N. aberrans is here considered sensu lato, and thus includes N. batatiformis from North America and N. serendipiticus, besides N. aberrans sensu stricto from South America. See also Stone & Burrows (1985a). Bayer computer code: NACOBA EPPO A1 list: No. 144 EU Annex designation: I/A1 HOSTS Potatoes are the most significant host, but the following crop plants are also attacked: Brassica oleracea, Capsicum, carrots, cucumbers, lettuces, Opuntia spp. and other Cactaceae, sugarbeet, tomatoes. N. aberrans sensu lato has a very wide host range including plants in most families other than Poaceae. Several weeds are susceptible and can function as a permanent source of inoculum in cultivated crops (Inserra et al., 1984). However, Jatala (1979) views it as a species complex involving two or more forms. That there are at least pathotype differences is borne out by the fact that the type population of N. batatiformis did not develop on tested potato cultivars (Thorne, 1961); sugar beet is the principal economic host of this form. Extensive studies of taxonomy and host range of the populations attacking potatoes are in progress at the CIP (International Potato Center) at Lima, Peru.
    [Show full text]
  • The Map-1 Gene Family in Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne Spp.: a Set of Taxonomically Restricted Genes Specific to Clonal Species
    The map-1 Gene Family in Root-Knot Nematodes, Meloidogyne spp.: A Set of Taxonomically Restricted Genes Specific to Clonal Species Iva Tomalova1,2,3¤, Cathy Iachia1,2,3, Karine Mulet1,2,3, Philippe Castagnone-Sereno1,2,3* 1 French National Institute for Agriculture Research (INRA), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France, 2 University of Nice- Sophia Antipolis (UNSA), UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France, 3 Centre National se la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France Abstract Taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs), i.e., genes that are restricted to a limited subset of phylogenetically related organisms, may be important in adaptation. In parasitic organisms, TRG-encoded proteins are possible determinants of the specificity of host-parasite interactions. In the root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne incognita, the map-1 gene family encodes expansin-like proteins that are secreted into plant tissues during parasitism, thought to act as effectors to promote successful root infection. MAP-1 proteins exhibit a modular architecture, with variable number and arrangement of 58 and 13-aa domains in their central part. Here, we address the evolutionary origins of this gene family using a combination of bioinformatics and molecular biology approaches. Map-1 genes were solely identified in one single member of the phylum Nematoda, i.e., the genus Meloidogyne, and not detected in any other nematode, thus indicating that the map-1 gene family is indeed a TRG family. A phylogenetic analysis of the distribution of map-1 genes in RKNs further showed that these genes are specifically present in species that reproduce by mitotic parthenogenesis, with the exception of M.
    [Show full text]