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'rite Ma~~cte of St. 1BatthololIlevv. (ILLUSTKATEDo) PREFAOE - A great contest has begun in onr country. Tile Romau Catho!ic Hierarchy has declared its intention to take possession of this Be-' public, to extirpate Protestantism and compel all mell to bend the knee before its altar~. Order~ have cOllle from Home to destroy our public school system - the corner stone of a free gOTeI'nllJent - and those orders ~re being executed to the utmost. The press is largely under control of the papal priesthood-so much of it as i~ Hot so controlled ,vill no·t publish any­ thing refiecting on the hierarchy for fear of offending theil' Homan Catholic readers, anrl so 108in~' subscribers. 'fhougb this remark applies more partie­ ularly to the secular press, yet those religIOUS pnblications - the Ol'galls of the \Tarious protestant clmrcbes s£'em timid and fear to set fortlJ the whole truth respectiNg the eyil designs or Rome upon the liberties of the people of the United States. Still, siIlce the late bold a.ttack - of Home upon our school system, whiclt attack seemed to culminate in Boston, the American peop . l.ve begun to inquire as to this fearful power, ~which has its bend in

I u foriegn land. What are its principlrs, wha.t its history, and its aims in this country, are some' of4ihe inquiries now being made by thousands of American citizens. To meet the demand for such information about 20 independent newspa.­ pel's have come lllto existence, a,lld they are telling tile wllOle truth without fear or favor. Several ofthese are ad,·ettised in tltis pamphlet, yet there arc many tilou8aml good people in eyery State into wbose hands no one of these publications bas yet come. Here is room for the PAMPHLET. ~l1ose who are fortunate enough to see the danger should give anote ofwarning to their sleeping friends and relatives. r.o far as I know this piece ofhh;tory bas ne\-er before been published ill a, cbeap and convenient form, so as to he easil,Y accesible to all the people Hist,g.ry is the great teacher of mankind, the light of the past and present, ,e guide of the future. Hardly can you make amOl'e useful present to Jour dend or perhaps, a morl~ acceptable one, than this little book. I hope it will full somehow into the hands of everyone in the world who can read. Prices by Mail or express prepaid- One, Copy, 15 cents. Two Copies, 25 cell ts. Ten Oopies, $1.00. 100 Copies, $f.00 1000 Oopies, $50.00. N~ B. Special rates by the 1000 for gratuitous distribution. address, OH ASE ROYS, 631 F STREET, N. W. W.ashihgton, D. C.

THE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW.

CHAYl'ER 1. kept the people of Spain, Mexico and Austria ever since she got control of Why Study this Massacre ?-Coligny them. And then remember it is a cardinal Attracted to Paris-The Character dogma of the Roman Church that her principles never change. Rome may di~, of Catherine de Merlicis-Her In­ but she cannot change. No organization terview with the Pope's Nuncio­ with a declared infallible head can ever Dangers that Threatened the Hu­ amend or improve its infallible decrees. But Rome says: "I did not do it; it guenots. was done by the civil power." Few events have exerted a more far­ Pierre Larousse, a native of the coun· reaching or more potent influence on the try in which this dreadful butchery oc­ religious world than the massacre of St. curred, published at Paris. in 1816, in fif­ Bartholomew, which began on the 2-1-th teen ponderous volumes, his immortal day of August, 1572. at Paris, France. work, !'Grand Dictionnaire Universel du The vast number of non-Catholic XIX Siecle." On page 278, under the men, "omen and cfiildren whose lives head of "Massacre of St. Bartholomew," were t~en sacrificed to the demon Popery, he says: "The recital of this tragic epi­ makes It an event never to be forcrotten sode seems like a bloody leaf torn from by Protestants. Neither old age n~r ten­ some barbarous oriental monarchy. The der infancy nor sex was spared. problem to be solved is, Was the general But some good people, too cautious extermination of the P.:otestants premed­ and timid, may ask of what use it can be itated a long while in advance by the to bring before the people at the United great queen (the mother of the then reign­ States the horrible events of 300 years ing- king, Cllarles the IX), and pursued ago. I answer that \V~ judge what will with admil able dissimulation, until accom­ be by what has been. The very same plished, as Da\ ila, Capilupi and other organization, the same hierarch'l, that fanatical panegyri<;ts cynically affirm? committed those diaboHcal atrocities, still Or was it political, or prm'oked by coun­ exists, and has a powerful foothold in terplots of the Huguenots; and had the these United States, is growing stronger representatiYes of the dominant religion and mOre formidable, and boasts that in no part in it!' Or was it a spontaneous a few years more it will have full control outburst of the fanatical populace ?" of our government, and will be able to do "All these theories and others have had the same things here that it did in France their partisans." in the sixteenth century. Nay, more, its "It is known that after the peace of principal public journals openly threaten Saint-Germain, Coligny, the great admiral that they wi!! do them! Let us see, then, and the principal man of the Huguenots, what its adherents did when they had the was attracted to the [royalJ court by power and the opportunity. But human Catherine de Meoicis (the queen mother) nature, it is said, has changed since then and Charles IX, by dint ot flattery and for the better. Maybe; human nature is frequent, pressing invitations. changeable and history shows that it The old captain had placed himself, sometimes changes for the worse as well with heroic confidence, in the hands of as for the better. A good government his enemies-not that he felt altogether enables it to improve, but give Rome ab­ safe, but with the desire of counterbalanc­ solute control and she will reduce the ing the Spanish and Lorraine faction, and people of this country, in a single century, of healing the ills of France, which had to the same condition in which she has been exhausted by civil wars, and of em­ 2 TilE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTlIOLOMEW. v playing the national energies in a foreign work, which the ultra-Catholicfaction had war, and to assist in extending the fron­ been for a long !t"me pursuing with an tiers, and in liberating the Protestants of implacable tenacity, C 'lupi. reports the Netherlands." He first met King that in 1568, four years ~re die massa­ Charles at Blois, where the Court then r cre, she had a conversation with the was. nunct'o, who was urging her to this and "Yet who can affirm,'" continues La­ Catherine gave him the assurance 'that rousse, "absolutely, that this impetuous she andHis Majesty (her son) hadnoth­ man, depraved by an Italian education, ing mon at heart tha7~ to trap the ad­ reared in the principles of Machiavel and miral andhis adherents some day and the Borgias, was entirely of good faith? make an ever-memorable butchery of One of his great admirers has bluntly \ them." said: 'The king had no difficulty in fal­ "Meanwhile, while Coligny was enter­ sifying his word as often as he wished.' taining the king with vaster projects-ex­ At all events, he received the admiral as a tension of the boundaries and of the savior; he called him his father; he paid patronage of France, organization of the every attention to him and his friends; marine, weakening of the Spanish power, he made him a solemn entry into Paris, not only in the Low Countries, but in the giving him the place of honor at the N elf World; while the grand patriot was king's right hand; at his request the king dreaming how to efface allparty divisions caused an elevated pyramid, built upon by occupying all the forces aad all minds the site of the house of a merchant named in great national enterorises, the odious Gastine, who had bem buntedjor lettillg complot was organizing around him. his lodging to aJt assembly ofProtestallts, Strozzi and old La Garde were empty­ to be torn down; in nne, the king seemed ing the arsenals of La Rochelle, the willing to follow. the admiral's advice en­ stronghold of the Protestants, under the tirely, The Lorraine party, the Gurses, pretext of arming the fleet for the expedi­ seemed in full disfavor; the ultra-Catho­ tion to the Low Countries. The Spanish lics filled the churches with their decla­ faction was openly combating the ad­ mations, and the chaplain of the king miral's plans, The Guises by degrees himself, Sorbin of Sainte-Foix, boldly at­ introduced an army into Paris, composed tacked CharI es I X, and did not fear to of gentlemen of their numberless fiefs. exhort the Duke of Anjou to continue bullies supported by them, clients of the work of annihilating the heretics, every condition provided them by their which had apparently been abandoned by party, &c, Bolstered up by the powerful his brother, the king." clergy of Paris} and by the bulk of the "As to Catherine, there is no doubt population, sustained by a part of the -that she constantly nourished the idea of Court, they already appeared as masters of destroying the Protestant chiefs, and par­ the situation. The Protestants, on the -ticularly Coligny; hut it is not very pro­ contrary, although represen.ted at the cap­ bable that she had, at this time, a fixed ital by the elite of their leaders and of ,plan. Z<}.lse, implacable and perfidious, their military men, were not in sufficient but vacillating, undecided, embarrassed numbers to protect themselves and de­ in her own intrigues, she was divided be­ fend their co-religionists of Paris. Evil tween the thirst for power, the fear of the rumors came to them from all directions; -Guises, her redoubtable allies, and her uriOus preachers, bishojJs Sorbin and preference fo! her son Anjou the con­ \ Vigor, the M£lanese gray friar, Paniga­ temptible, effeminate Italian. The depth rota, and a hundred others, thundered of her p oUties was only lying and treach­ v.'gainst them andpreachedtheir a'fermi­ ery; bu tshe would seem to us much more _ zation ?light andday. But, besides their fit to take advantage ot events than to .~atural pride, duty retained them about direct them; to seize occasions than to their leader. As to Coligny, while he make them. Nevertheless, if one can saw the danger, he thought himself safe deny to her the frightful merit of having enough with the king, who was expected alone, long in advance, combined, con­ to control the situation, protect his party trived and directed the complot, it is yet and realize his patriotic projects, His indisputable that she had long before confidence was such that, before the promised her co-operation in this bloody epoch fixed for the last treaty of peace, TllE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW.

he had caused three of the protestant Now, tlte sixtlt day after tlte date Of strongholds to be replaced into the hands this order was tlte 24tlt o.f A ugltst, the of the king. Moreover, he had recently day OJ! 'wlzic!l tIle Kreat massacre begatt said: 'I prefer to be dragged dead through Perhaps it was an accidental coincidence, the streets of 'Paris rather than to enter but a remarkable one. It is known, in upon a civil war.'" fact, that this arrest of couriers, this in­ "After having wavered, hesitated and terruption of communication between d.issimulated a long time, Catherine en­ Paris and Rome, was an old war custom tered decidedly upon the tontest against that has been perpetuated to our own the admiral, whose influence seemed to times (1816), and is always premonitory threaten her own; pronounced for the of some great movement or project. Spanish and Papal party, besieged Charles Evidently the massacre was arrested at IX, in order to wring from him a promise its source, and Gaspard de Tavannes, an of peace; and finally. givingform to the ultra-CatllOlic, has given us in his me­ vague tllOugltts oj' murder whic/l lwd moirs a plan which he himself had sug­ been jloatinf; ill her mindfor many years, gestedfor exterminatingthe Protestants, she took COUllS~ how to get rid of tile during tile marriage feasts, kll means of admiral." \ ~ a simulated sltam battle. This bloody farce could not take place; but the balls and masquerades were at CHAP. II. least enlivened by strange mystifications l\iarl'iage of the King's Sister to a Hu­ against Navarre. Condi and the Protes­ tants, were beaten, ridiculed and re­ guenot-The Admiral Shot-Cath­ tained in hell, while their wives, appareled olic Leaders Inflame the People; like nymphs, were triumphing in the arms of the orthodox dancers in ballets, the Catherine Provokes the King to shamelessness of which was intended Order the Massacre-The Watch­ solely as a punishment for the austerities word and Signal. of the Huguenots. By these significant and menacing Under these auspices, and in the midst comedies, Catherine, the Duke of Anjou, of many plots, the wedding of Henry of the Guises and the whole taction, were Navarre (a Huguenot) and Marguerite preluding the assassination. (sister of Charles IX) was celebrated at The first act in the drama was planned Notre-Dame, Paris. and devised by two women. Catherine This mixed marriage was a pledge of de Medicis caused the duchess de alliance and p('ace with the Protestants, Nemours, widow of the great Guise who and the king brought it about in spite 0./ had been killed by the Protestant Poltrot, the Holy See. to come to her secretly, and put her under This certainly seemed to show the obUgations to seek revenge for her house king's good faith. For the cathe&al, bv killing CoIigny. The queen-mother, this ceremony was the "abomination of aCcording to the testimony ofthe grave his desolation." They had predicted that torians(De Thou and "Memoirs of the 'I. the wedding would be vermiilion,-that Frut-ch State) had made a Machiavel­ 1 1s, that it would be attended by a bloody lian plot for the destruction of the By­ battle or massacre. During the mass, the guenots, Lorraines and politicians, by Protestants remained outside the cathe­ one another, and then to Qrush the pro­ dral. To these the Catholics said: "You bable victors, the Guises. At all events, shall enter before long, whether you wish the latter, who had considerable forces or not." But the marriage was peaceably in hand, con.se.nted to undertake the hor­ celebrated on the r8th day of August, rible initiative. Their thirst for blood r572, and the feasts continued four days. was such that the young Guise wished at On the very day of the marriage, Charles first his mother should, herself, kill the IX. was made to sign an order to the admiral in the han of the Louvre (Letter governors to arrest every courier and of the Nuncio Salviati), by a musket shot, every other person who should pass the but they TInally resolved on more practi­ mountains [coming from Rome], in the cal measures. The Guises had long kept next six days. one l\Iaurevert, an expert in those bloody 4 THE 1tIASSACRE OE ST. BARTHOLOMEW. schemes as an especial assassin to kill quarters, under tlte t"n.fluence oftlte brotll­ Coligny.' They conceale~ h.im at the erhoods and tire clerl{Y, took up arms ;,. '\ house of one Villemur, a dlgmtary o~ the spite of tlu killg's in/llnction. Anjou, -Roman Catholic Church, at the .10lster not by any means to leave the first place !Saint-Germain l' Auxerrois, and for three to the Duke of Guise, at the head of liu days he lay hid behind the trellis of a Catlrolic larty, drove through the to"n window, with a musket (arq.u~buse), in a coach, scattering along his route the loaded with copper balls, awaltln& the false report that Montmorency (the chief passage of the admiral. On Fnday t of the politicians) ",as about to fall upon the 22d of August, as Colig;ny was retu.rn­ Paris with J. grea.t body of cavalry -at ing on foot from the coun~Il,. and readmg sur, means ofincreasing the o:cilem ~ n a petition as he went to hIS h ttle hotel on and ofhastening, by a panic, the maua­ the street Bethisy, he pass.ed in front of cre ofthe Protestants. the fatal window and recelVed the shot On the 23d, Saturday, th ere wa~ a close to the muzzle. One ball carried off council at the house of the queen-mother, the index finger of his right hand; another where were present Condi (who was then lodged in hi~ left ~rIl!' In the pr,esence the j{rand chaplain of the queen-mother, of his illustrIOUS VIctIm the wretch shand co,:fessor of .Charles, the King, and had trembled; he fled behind the houses, BIShop of Parts, and better known In sprang upon a horse taken from the ~table history as Cardinal Ret::), Chancellor of the Guises, which, saddled and bndled, Birague, Marshal Tavannes, Anjou and was awaiting him in the back yard. the Duke of Nevers. Of these four coun­ (Pres. Lincoln's assassin fled in the very sellors, who aided the widow, Catherine same manner.) de .Medicis, and the sons of Henry 11. to Without moving, Coligny pointed with ~.talD the annals of France with an inef­ his mutilated hand to the window ffl.ceable blot, three were strangers to whence the shot had come, and said to France. They fixed upon their plan, and his friends, who were around him: then went. the whole six, to find the king "Notify the king." in his cabinet at the Loune. Charles IX. was playing at tennis with ltis, thus, the generally adopted opinion the Duke of Guise and T eligny, son-1n­ of to-day that Charles did not yet know law of the admiral. He turned pale, anything of the frightful project. Yet it threw down bis battledore angrily, or­ is proper to recall the fact that other his­ dered an investigation, forbid the cltizens torians, as Audin and Sismonr'i. for ex­ to arm, swore that he would punish the ao:ple, have .~~itted without fixing- any­ guilty, and sent a detachment of guards thmg very poslhvely. that the idea of o-et­ to protect the admiral in his lodgings. ting rid of all the chiefs of the party ~t a Doubtle~s all that would sufficiently prove sing-Ie stroke, was not altog-ether ne\\" to that he was not yet in the confidence of Charles.. Davila says positiYely that it the plotters; but it should be remarked ?;as the kIng that authorized the Duke of that the queen-mother l1erseH pretended Guise to kill Coligny: but it is contra.­ violent indignation at the news of this dicted by the statements of Ta\'annes of crime, wbich she had planned. queen ::'I.Iarguerite and of the Duk~ of However it may be, Charles, upon in­ Anjou. vitation of Coligny, went to the wounded The reader will perceh'e that I haye man, aBd overwhelmed him with atten­ not hastened on to the details of the tions. Catherine, the queen-mother, and butchery. It was not my aim to harrow Anjou, her pet son, accompanied him, the gentle reader's mind -\,ith scenes of either to mask their complicity, or per­ violence and blood, but to fix the guilt of haps to spy out the words of their victim. murde.r~ng; in cold blood, 70,000 peacea­ Meantime, although the illustrious sur­ ble CItIzens where it belongs. Thus geon, Ambroise Pare, answered faT the fa:- we find all th~ prominent plotters of life of the admiral, and the crime seemed thIS tragedy hIgh church dio-nitaries to have failed, Paris was full of the agita­ though also intimately connectedwith th~ tion which precedes great crises. The State-C~therine de Medicis (a native Protestant gentlemen collected about the born Itahan an? fierce partisan of the hotel on Bethisy street, loudly accusing Roman CatholIc Church,) the NunCio, the Guises of the assassination. Those fresh from Pope Gregory XlI I, and uq~- THE MASSACRE OF s'r' BARTHOLO!IEW. 5 ing her to the destruction of all French Thus the regular authorily of the Holtl IProtestants, and Pierre de Condi (Cardi­ de Ville st!tmed to have but a feeble part nal Retz), wieldin~ an unlimited influence in the massacre. over Catherine. Now we know that But the conspirators had prudently ~either the Nuncio nor the Cardinal ever taken measures to do without it. One of takes any important step in ecclesiastical their henchmen, Marcel, ex-provost of ;affairs without first consulting his Holi­ the merchants, had been charged to ness. The sequel will show with abso­ collect the leaders of the brotherhoods, lute certainty that Gregory is fairly con­ the captains of the quarters; all the lead· victed ot being an accessory, after the er~ of which they were sure, at the Hotel fact, at fuzst; and what the Pope does, de Ville, in order to communicate to the Roman Catholic Church does. them the watchword. The signal agrQed But let us return to the plotters at the upon was the clock on the Palais de Louvre on the 23d of August, Saturday. Justice, which was to be struck at break I t is well known what they did there. of day Oil Sttuday. All the good Catherine cynically set forth the plan of Cat/lotics Wtrt 10 rtcoKnize mit another her faction; she said that the Huguenots by Il white fZaltdktrchitf on tJze arm and were armed everywhere; that the civil a whitt cross on tilt flat. war was about to re-commence, and that it was better to end it in Paris, while they had the leaders in hand. Besides, the CHAPTER III. Catholics were ddermintd10 finish tllem, she said, and if the king did not put him­ Motherly Tenderness of Cat1erine-­ self at their head, they would name a cap­ The Signal is given-Admiral C01­ tain general (which was actually done in Barbarously Butchered. the league); that Guise could not be pun­ igny ished for the murder of the admiral, \Vhen the queen-mother retired the because she flerselj and the dukt oj A n­ night before the begining of the butchery, jOlt were of the party/ that the work August 23, a characteristic scene was must be finished, because Coligny was enaeted. It is known that Henry of an enemy of the roval authority, etc. It Navarre, the Protestatlt hU':Jband of the is said that Charies struggled a long king's sister (Marguerite), and Conde, while against his mother and her hated cousin of Navarre. also Protestant, were counsellors; but her insinuation that at the Louvre with their friends and fami­ perhaps he was afraid of the Huguenots lies. All these Protestants were deitined brought him to a decision. Then he to be sacrificed, except the tw'oprinces, broke forth in a frenzy: ,. By the dead Navarre and Conde, whose death had God!" shouted this maniac; "since you been the subject of deliberation; but think it Lest that the admiral be killed, it ,... as agreed to ~pare them, so as not I wish it, but also all the Huguenots of to leave the party of the Guises without France that not one may remain to re­ a counterbalance. The Louvre, there­ proach'me. By the dead God! give the fore, the residence of the king, was jn order for it promptly." a few hours to be stained with the The conspirators passed the rest of the blood of the king's guests. Very well; day in preparing for the execution of that evening, at the usual hour, Cather­ their crime. Guise, Aumale, Montpen­ ine coldly dismissed her daughter sier, the bastard of Angouleme, were Marguerite, the new queen of Navarre, summoned to the frightful cabal. The who was not in the secret; and as her murders were parceled out-an easy d'ther daughter, the Duchess of Lorraine, matter, because they had;l Jist of ~he was entreating for her :-ister, saying how Huguenots and their dwellings. merciless it was to send this unfortunate Le Charron, the provost of the mer· one into the apartments of her husband, chants, received various orders from the where blood was about to flow. the king, of which he understood the import queen-mother commanded more rudely: only too well. He objected, but they "Whatever may happen" said she, "she threatened to hang him if he did not obey. must go there, for fear of arousing their Still, he did not send the orders till next suspicion," day, when they had become useless. This remark alone serves to show the 6 THE )U.SB.ACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. motherly tenderness of Catherine, which Protestant gentlemen scattered through has been so much dwelt upon by some the neighboring houses and by two posts of the royal guards, rested with historial1~. And the danger which she feared was entire confidence, believing himself fully not /imaginary; we know fro.m the protected, moreover, by t.he w~:>rd of the Memoirs of the Queen Marguente, the king, by treaties, by pubbc falth---;by ~11 frightful scenes that covered her bed that is honorable among men. It IS WIth chamber, even to her bed, with blood. him the massacre begins. Now, let the Meanwhile, during the silence of the reader take notice that thus far no Hu­ night, preparations are being completed; guenot (Prot7stant) se~rns ~o ~ave had towards midnight, the 1,200 musketeer. the 51ightest mfluence In bnngmg about of the regiment o~ the .guards . ~om­ the terrible slaughter which must now be menced to take theIr appomted POSltlOllSj narrated. the voluntary assassins arm themselves in tile quarters; 'Guise brings together CHAPTER IV. the French and Swiss captains, and communicates to them his own savage Details of the :Murder of the Admir­ f~ry: "The beast i!! ~aken i.n a ~naret al-His Head sent to Rome-The said he ; "we must satIate hIm wIth hIS own blood; it is the king that wishes Bloodthirsty Butchery in the King'. itt" Court--The Carna.ge becomes At the moment of sounding th~ignal General-The Murder of Teligny. for the butchery, this miserable Catha­ rine, it is said, had a mo~ent of anxious The Duke of Guise had not wished to hesitat ion, not from pity, but from leave to others the mission of finishing fright; but this moment was brief, and this illustrous victim, who belonged to presently she sent the order to strike the him, and of whom he was the assassin­ bell ntarest the Louvre, that of Saint in-chlef. (Henry I. of Lorraine was the· Germain L'Auxerrois, to whichthe death Duke of Guise, born 1550, assassinated knell of the tower of the clock replied at Blois in 1588. At this time he was 22 a little later. Next, she went with her years old. He had inherited influence son Anjou and stationed herself in a from his father over the Catholic party,. little room that looked out towards the had distinguished himself against the church, the better to see the beginning Protestants at Jarnac and at Montcon­ Qf the grand enterprise. A pistol shot tour (1516) being then only 16 years was heard, and caused these two coward­ old. See "Grand Dictionaire Universel ly assassins to tr~ mble. In the recital du XIX Siecle," art. Guise.) He took which is attributed to him, Anjou pre­ with him Aumale, the bastard of Angou­ tends even that he and his mother were Ierne, and a great troop of soldiers, and so ov~rcome with terror that.they gave a invaded the street of Bethisy. The rOJal counter order. Be this assertion true or guards and Cosseins, their captain, joined false, it was too late; presently the tu­ him and transformed themselves unhesi­ mult, the cries, the ringing of bells, the tatingly from official protectors into musket shots, announced that the Ma­ cowardly munlerers. They break down tins of Paris had begun. the doors, they kill or put to flight the The dawn came, but the sombre servants. S;tr!abous, the gov~rnor of streets of ancient Paris were veiled in Havre, Atlin, an attache of the Duke of obscurity, and the massacre began by AU?1a~e, th.e German B:hme (or Besme), the lurid glimmer of the torches. That GUIse s hlred assasslll, and severar day, which came on slowly to light those others, present themselves howling be­ scenes, ought to be doubly sacred to fore the Admiral. The august old man Christians. It was Sunday, and was receives them with a calm so extraordin­ the fea!'t of one of the founder!! of Chris ary that the French murderers hesitate. tianitv, the martyr apostle, St. Barthol~­ Behme advances, and after a few words, mew. plunges an enormous hunting spear into Coligny, w-atcbed over by Ambroise the abdomen of Coligny; then they all Pare. l1is pllysic"iarn, and by his pastor, finished him, with horrible curses. of Merlin, gw..nded by a h~n.d f~.l} Qf Guise was becoming impatient while THE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. 7 _._---­ ------waiting in the courtyard. "Behme, have sto('lped to 'he baseness and vileness of you finished," said he. "It is . finished," kicking the face of'the great martyr. said Behme. "Throw it out, then, that An Italian, named Petrucci, cut off his it (the corpse) may be recognized," said head and carried It to the royal family. Guise; and the lifeless body of the great This royal bit was carefully embalmed admiral bounded upon the pavement. and smt to the Popef The hideous tro­ The head was covered with blood and un­ phy set out for Rome, but there is no recognizable, but Angouleme wiped off historic evidence which permits the affir­ the face and said: "My faith, it is in­ mation that it ever arrived at its destina­ deed he." And these illustrous lords tion. (See cut.)

'From" Th. Muu.cra of St. Bartholomew," Harper ok Brothero. Other vindicators of religion, picked the games the previous evening, were sur­ up in the gutters of Paris by the leaders, prised, one by one, either in the apart­ broke up the body, dragged it through ments or in the court yard, under the eyes the streets and hung it up by the feet to of the king, who, from a window, was as­ the gibbet of Montfaucon. sisting in the killing! There fell .the The massacre begfln about 5 in the most valiant and the most loyal captams, morning at the Louvre, the royal resi­ the flower of Fr,lnce and of the reform. dence. The wretches designed as vic­ "From Ithe yard these unfortunat~s a~­ tims, most of whom were participating in dressed the most pathetic appeals to thIS 8 THE MASSAORE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. window, but found in,the king, their host, king'S, who ~ad t~ille~ w~th the king.the their magistrate of common justice, only previous evenmg tll1 rnldmght, satV' eJght the savage, distempered and furious eye masked men suddenlyeuter his bouse. He -of a miserable fool." (Michelet, celebrated thought it was one of those rnasq~erad~ French historian, born at Paris, 1798.) fammar to Charles IX., who, In hIS As to Navarre and Conde, the king strange enjoyments, often went to sur­ sent for them, and said to them, with prise the men and even the women of the frantic violence: "I want but one religion court. This wretch still laug~ed when in my kingdom-the mass or death, the knife was already at hIS throat. choose!" These sinister masques were .some of the Navarre, the lively leaper, who was friends of the Duke of An)ou. Under later, with his Gasconic grace, to make "Teligny" in the Dic#onnatre du X!X the perilous jump, extricated himself from eme Siecle. the French work from whIch the dan~er by a few concessive words. most of these articles have been trans­ Conde, Just as fri volou~, showed himself lated, is found the following: "He more firm and more worthv. But it had (Teligny) refused to look upon Charles been decided to spare them both. Still, IX. as an enemy of the Protestants, the kin~ threatened to cut off the head of and the tocsin of St. Bartholomew alone Conde If he did Dot abjure Protestantism was able to dissipate this illusion. At "Within three days. Both renounced it a the first alarm he had run to the house little later. of Coligny (the admiral, his father­ The carnage extends throughout the in-law), who ordered him to fly. Sever­ .entire city, companies of infuriated men, al courtiers, sent to butcher him, had under the control of the Guises, the not the courage to do it when they saw Aumales, the Montpensiers, the Tavanne~, him, so much was he loved by all who rthe Nevers, the royal guards, etc., after knew him. He was then able to shut baving cut the throats of the Protestant himself up in a ~anary, where he was gentlemen gathered in the admiral's quar­ found by the soldiers of the Duke of . ters, went next to the magistrates, to the Anjou, and pitilessly murdered. ,citizens and to the artisans accused of These incidents are sufficient to reo .heresy/ As has been seen in all pro­ fute the lying statements published by :scriptlOns, neighbors denounced their some Roman Catholic authors who ..competitors, and relatives, those whose have endeavored to prove that the mas­ inheritance they awaited. The savage sacre was committed by the French 'TaY"anaes was everywhere howling; people, enthusiastic in -their efforts to --M.Jfleed! Blted! Bludin;; £s as good in crush out a great Huguenot conspiracy. August as in ilfayl" (Brantome, French chronicler, died 1614.) To justify the fury of the slayers and CHAPTERV. diminish the horror of their crime, the trite calumny, invariably employed in all Charles IX Fires upon the Huguenots times against the proscribf-d, had been -His savage Frenzy-Catherine launched forth from the beginning: "The Huguenots are conspiring! they must be a tUll- blooded Italian W 6man. crushed in order to save the religion and A . large numbe! of Protestants lodged the king." outSIde the walls In the suburb of Saint­ Now, besides not finding any document Germain. Bands of assassins had been or any indication that could give the least sen~ to them, but they had dispersed on appearance of reality to this romance! the thelr way to butcher and pillage in the greater part of these pretended conspira­ Q~arters. Being awakened by the tors were surprised in bed; and although fnghtful tumult of Paris, they believed they may have felt themselves surrounded some movement had been set on foot by plots, they counted so surely on the by the Guises. They went down to­ go od faith of the king that they had wards the river (Seine) facing the Lou­ planned nothing for their defence-a pre­ caution that certianly would not have ve. for the p,:rpose of ranging themselves around the klng; but they fled on seeing peen forgotten by conspirators. La the ~ wiss .or royal guards, and the ~9~hefo\\~a~ld, an intimate friend of the courtIers firmg upon them from the other THE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. 9 bank, and entering some boats to pur· there, with this inscription: "It was from sue them. this window that the infamous Charles It is then, as we are assured, that IX, of excerable memory, fired upon the Charles IX, irritated at ~eeing this prey people with a carbine." The whole con­ escape the butchery, seized a musket duct of thi~ king shows that his proper (arquebuse), with the fury of a blood· place was either the insane asylum or a thirsty maniac, and several times fired school for the feeble-minded. The upon the fugitives. In our day we do fact is, his mother, Catherine, a full· not ignore that this fact has been called blooded I talian woman and niece ofPope in question; but besides its being attest­ Gregory XIII, had control of the gOY· ed by several statements of that time, ernment, while the Pope, through his it is nothing improbable of a man whose bishops, cardinals and nuncios, had savage instincts as a hunter are known; control of her, and no fair-minded man who disembowelled with his own hand can reach any other honest conclusion animals that had been run down, cover­ than that these murders were committid ed himself with their blood and fran­ by the Church of Rome, for the purpose tIcally tore out their entrails and cut of destroying the tl1lnking men of that off the heads of asses and mules that Ihe ag~. met on his road. (See Papyre, Charies Just when the Protestants were fly­ IX.) It is known, too, that after hav­ ing from th", suburb of Saint-Ger­ ing shrunk from the execution of such main, Guise, Aumale and Angouleme a crime, he showed himself one of the fa"! wIth their cavalry to the gate BucV; most furious when blood began to flow, but being mislPken in their lreys, they and that his habitual violence, whicll so )ostprec'ous tuue, while the fugitives, often bordered on dementia, became a under the guidance of th,~ vidame of real craze for murder ~nd carnage. Chartres (vidame, a dignitary who This, moreover, is only an accessorv held his fief of a bIShop), of Jean de circumstance; and sUppOSillg that it had Rohan, of Montgomery and other no reality, the horror so justly attached chiefs, gained Vangirard, and fled to the name of Charles IX would be rapidly, WIth the iutention of taklll~ but very slightly diminished. But, we refuge in Normandy. The butchers repeat, it is very probably true, for it is followed them a'S far as Mwntfort­ attested, not only by Protestant writers, I'Amanry, but without being able to by the "Memoires de l'Estat de France," overtake them. folio 212, by the "Reveille-mottin des Francais," etc., but also by Brantome, who could not be accused of m:'lJevolence, CHAPTER VI. for he considers Charles IX as the type ,,\Yhat Classes of men perpetrated tIle of a perfect king. Brantome says: "And he was more sanguine than all; Massacre-The King 'Vearies of so that, w"en the tragedy was at its the Murders-Barbarity of the height, and it was day, and he had put his head to the window of his room, and Assassins-The Court Ladies saw any in the suburbs of Saint~Germain gratify their Curiosity-Names of who were moving and running away. he Illustrious Slain-Tithing the took a great hunting gun that he had, and fired full at them; but in vain, for BootJ-The King incites Gover­ the musket would not carry so far. He nors of Provinces to kill-Igna­ constantly cried out, kill, kill! He tius deigned to save none except Ambroise Loyola. Pare, his first surgeon, and his nurse." Thus far we have seen that the mas­ Following the tradition, he must have sacre was the work of the court, the nred from the balcony on the ground princes, the lords, the religious brother­ floor, which is at the end of the wing of hoods of the iuards of the King and the Louvre, built in his reign by Jean Bul­ princes, of the clients and hired as­ tant. In the second year of the first sassins of the Guises, and of a certalO French Republic, in Floreal (April 20 to number of fanatics and bandits. Doubt­ May 19), an ignominious post was placed eSB one will also observe the presence 10 THE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. of citizen militia, as the goldsmith sassins. The massacre was rellewed Cruce. 1he butcher Pezou, the book­ with redoubled barbarity. Women seller Koerv"er and others, who luided heavy with child were ripped up to the companies composed of tried men, tear out the YOHllg" heretics, wqich were sf chosen nssaEsins; doubtlesfI the liUDer to the voracity of the 110gs and wretches sallJing forth from the ~;ourt the d@gs. From certain bouses where of Miracles, from the prisons and the all the adult:: had been killed, little low pot houses, the arli!'ll:lns ('ven and infants were carrie, I off in baskets and tradesmen, led astray by inceudlary thrown from the tops of the bridies sermons,-mingled voluntarily with the into the river like litters of animals! chosen bu1ebe1ii but the movement LItt'e wretches of ten years old strang-leu was DO!le the less preparrd, commanded, babies in the cradle, or dragged them directed by the chiefs of this society: t1".1'Ouah the stree~s with cords about it is an official butchery; it is impossihle their - necks 1 On all sld~s there was to remove the JeaHt doubt in this re­ murder, pillage. rape and the destruc.. spect; and the theory of the Buche,z's tion of houses; the gutters were swollen of the Capfigues and oLhers, which COll­ with blood, and they IJoured it forth in sists in representing this horrible exe­ waves to the river, which waf; constant­ cUlion as an act of faith and of popular ly fille(l with dead bodies. From the fury,-as the R(Jontaneous work of the Louvre the great lords and noble ladies Paris popull;ttio~-this theory is as false could contemplate, in sweet leisure, the as It is odious. bloody defile of victims. "The KinJt," After the departure of the Guises, 8ays Brantome (au ultramontane Ro· about midday, across the city iuundated mall Catholic historian), -'took' very with blood, the provost of the mel­ erreat pleasure at seeing pass under bis chants, and aldermen went to the Louve ;'lOdow ffil re than 4,000 bodies of and begged the King to stop the pIllage, people kille.l er drowned which Hoated the sack and murdera which his people, down the ri.ver." those of the princes, princesses, lord:!, The-se horrors were also the delight gentlemen guards, archers, Swiss, etc.. of the court of prostitutes, of e ffe mi· were committing under their influence. nate men and assassins. Here is what shows exactly, as is seen The maids of honor, the ladies and the face of this pretended populal~ the queen-mother had already, the night movement, and the part which muni­ before, passeu agreeable hours in tile cipal magistrates, the representatjves of obscene review of the gentlemen killed the city, took therein. It required in the COUl't-Y<'l.l'd and stripped off their oourag~ to take such a step at such a clothin.g, and decided for themselves the time. Charles IX, by a natural reaction suit oroucrht againsL the intrepid. Baron had fallen flOm his frenzied cODditio~ de Pont?'y his shallleiess Wife, on the into a dull stupidity; he welcomed the ground of impotenceI 'Vhat citizens municipal offic~ 1'5 and authorized them Rome doth make! to disarm and establish quiet. The The ruaS811cre continued the next order was derisive. They continued to day, Tues.lay; and during severa.i days bmcher in the stJeet~, in the houses vet there were isolated hilt numerous in the priSOl>lS and everywhere. ' murders. Among the roost nutable Remember, all this w~s nn Sunday. victims of the last days, we must recall On MOlJday tl,ere was a lull, a weari­ Pierre de La Place aod the illustrious ness, but a Franciscan, or Grev Friar Ramus, Immolated at the insligati@n of preteuded a miracle: he cried out every~ an ignorant and envious rival, Proffes­ where that a hawthorn bush hall just f'or Charpentier, a creature of the blossorntd at the cemetery of the Inno­ Jeeuits. cents! Then the bells of lite parishes According to tradition, the :-tatuary, the c( nvents. and chaJ)l:!ls, hegan t~ .Tean Goujon, was killed the 24th, by a sound. all ~J1, onc'e. as if to celeJII'ate the musket shllt. upon his very scaffoldiug, jl;lHice of God~ mauitestcd by a pro­ while be was \',orking al the bils-reliefs dIgy SI) slrildng. This iDces~ant and of the court of the L' uvre. It l-\t'ems feari ul c1au~irw of so many bt'11s re­ little likely that in sueh a cal'lla~e where kindled the luk~'Yilnn fl).ry 'of the a~- his co-religi!lnis~s perisheJ, the great THE MASSACRE OF ST. BAR'l'HOLOl\iEW. 11 artist would have had the sangfroid to the ultramontane Catholics, Spain and mount there for the purpose of chisel­ the Haly See. Guise and Aumale, on re-' ing figures, unless it may have been to turmng from theirchase after fugitives, take refuge there. His name is not showed themselYes discontented: they fGund upon the lists of the dead, which were anxious to remain the chiefs; of are, however, very lllcomplete. their party, but not that the King Another, lllulltrious reformer, Ber­ should break off his re~ponsiblity and nard Pallissy, who ~orked for Cath­ renounce all connection with them. erine, outside the walls, at the Tuill­ On the other hand, it was feared that eries, was saved, either by the protect­ Montmorency, chief of public affairs,. ion of the queen·mother, or by the but a Huguenot, who happened just at forgetfulness ~f the slayers. thIS time to be in England, ou seeing Plunder nectssarily accompanied the the King deny the massacre, might butchery. For many, indeed, the mas­ march upon Paris as if to come to the aid' sacre was an indulStrv. Life was sold of Charles, against the omnipotence of to the proscribed, and then, after hav­ the Guises. Doubtless he would have in~ thus robbed thelli, they were killed. rallied crowds of Huguenots, as well Corpses were sold to relatives in tears, as a O'reaL number 0/ honest Catholics,. and then the living were slain upou the who ;'cre disgusted by so great atroci­ dead. Suiters cut the thl'Oats of t~eir ties, auu reduced to silence by fear. adversaries; candidates for office killed Thu~ the wretched Charles was about the occupants. Individual halreds took to find himself again between two their revenge. parties, neither of which would be 'he Notably diel the Guises cause many party of the King. af their enf'mb's to he killed, and amoug Then the King was made to take a others Salcp. Ie, who ut;vprtheless was a new turn. On Tuesday, the 26th, this Catholic, and thRn cau:;' ,1 his hGtel ta miserable fool went into the full Par­ be plundered and all the booty to be lIament and solemnly falsified himself, carried to their own bomes. Charle8 and declared with a savage cynicism IX and the princes levit'd tithe upon that all that had been done had takera the plunder of the lapidaries and other place by his express order, and that he rich Huguenots killed by their soldiers; had desired thus to preveut the plot~ of th~'y sold the offices of thase whom they ColiO'ny and his co-religionistsI This delivered to death; they did a. brokerage circJmstance is, I believe, the only business with the assassins. These are ground for the statement made by Ro­ the men produced by parochial l:!chqols mlin Catholic historians, that the mas­ with Jesuit teachers. sacre of St. Bartholomew was instigated On the 24th, afr.er the visit of the by Huguenot plots against the reigning provost and the aldermen, Charies, not­ family I withstanding the order made by him to Christophe de Thou, President of t~e them, had shamelessly written to the Parliament, WilD held the massacre 10 governors of the provinces and to the horror, had, nevertheless, the coward­ ambassadors, that the mas::;acre was ice to apologize for it, and to laud the entirely the work of the Guise:.!; the admirable wisdom of the King by quot­ result of a rivalry hetween them and in C1 the maxim of Louis XI: " He who­ the famIly of the Admiral-a sort k;'nws not how to dissimulate, knows­ ()f vendetta after the fashion 0f not how to reign"-a maxim every way the Italian factions-and that He him­ worthy its Jesuitic origin. self had had enough to do to protect [Ignatius L~yola was bo~n in the himself in his Louvre! This move year 1491-just oue year before Colum­ was an Italian contrivance of the queen­ bus set Flail fo~ Arnerica--and le;:;s than mother, conformably to the classic 100 years before the Massacre of St. method of destroying parties by one Bartholomew, whicb began August 24 7 another. It W::IS hoped bv thi~ fiction 1572, and yet he governed, guided aud by this offieiallie, to moeserve the al~ directed the Roman Ca~holic Church liaBce of LIte Protestant sovereiO'ns everywhere then a~ fully as to-lIay. Its alter ba\ving~ by the terrible realityO of priests were then the teachers of youth, the ma~8a.c..~e" B'Jltisfied the faction of ::~g p~e:y ,ue now askinJ to be iu the U­ 12 THE MASSACRE OF ST. DARTIIOLOMEW.

nited States. Will American citizells contrl'lciictory instruction~ in relrard to accept such teachers for their SOBS and the HuguenotM. The ordere of mas.a­ daughters?] ere were verbally tran!!mitted by special envoYf:!; the historian, Tavanne8~ posi­ tively affir,us it. BeAidc8, there was CHAP. VII. need of nothing more than to leave the Members of the Parliament Terrified field free to the ecclesiastic and brother­ hooo leaders, wilo cared little fa r the -The King Likes the Odor of the coutradietory orders ot the court, but Dead Coligny-The CathoHo Cler­ proceeded to their execution with a rapidity and a certainty quite remarka­ gy Hold a Jubilee. ble. They began by imprisoning the The memberi of Parliament, troubled, mo"t noble of the IIui:uegot~; and then perhaps, bv the cries of the victlmij, they massacred them ill the pri!.ns. which they could bear froOl their seals, At la:;t the butcbery extended from plunged illtO lJooseUStt ~nd iguomiuy. llOuse to hous!.', upon the public ~quare8 Thc.y indicted Coli~ny and hi~ accom­ und in tha streeb, accorYpanied by the plices, and, after two mOlHh~' pro­ usual scenes of pillage and devastation. cedure, reuuered all Sllll'ts I)f bligh ling The victims were almost exclusively decrees, ordered the anniversary of St. merchants, manufacturers, corumon Bartholomew to be celebrated furever citizens, artisans and some gentlemen by a pro(;e~t"ion, and finally, to as~ociate of the robe (law) ers); very few gentle­ justice witb the glorious exploit~ of the men of the ~word. The latter, doubt­ murJerers, sent to death two Protes­ less, had had \.be time and rueaJ.lS of tants of the most noble character-Cap­ taking care of them':lelves. At Paris, tain Briquemaut, 70 years old, aud on the coutrarJ, although tbe lists give Cavai~nes, a member of the Council of ruan.r people of trade and indu~try, 'yet State. Tl.ley were torturcdand hanged, the number of noble& sacrificed was by torchlIght, at the Greve, in the very cOllsiderable. The peace had in­ presence ot all the court. They hanged duced runny of them to corne in, besides Coligny in effigy at the ~ame time. tho~e who· ivllowed Conde, Navarr~ 'l'be next day atter the sittinO' of and Coligny. Parlialllent in the king's prese!!>nce, At Troye~, the council that decr~ed Charles IX. went 10 vi~it the remaius or the massacre met at the house of the COligny at the giblJet of Montfaucon, Bishop Banffrement. At Orleans, it '''hich had become a pla<.:e of pilgriIl1a~e began by the reception cf a pres~ing for all the fervent Catholics. Of this letter from Bishop ::lorbin, a preacher visit Brantome, an ultrnlllontane Cath­ of the king. At Lyons, the principal olic, says: "'Vhcn the corpse had beo-un Prote"tauts hall been imprisoned in the to flmit a bad odor, the king went to~ee archbishop's palac~ and in the CO!1­ it. Some who were with him stopped vents, where they were butchered by their noses, for which he reprimanded bauds org~luized by the brotherhoods! them, saying, 'I do not stop mine like Next they proceeded to massacre in the you others, for the odor of one's enemy houses and in the streets. is very good.' " [The perpetrators of these deeds of On the 28th of August the Catholic blood and pillaze were torn in the Ro­ clergy had an extraordinary jUbilee man Catholic Church, reared in it, edu­ celebrated in honor of tbe memorable ( ated ill it, and the hierarchy are DOW victo~y! The kin~ ~nd the court fig­ enueavoring to raise up a great multi­ ured III great pomp III the processii)ns tude of just such citizens in the United and stations. States 01 America, to be used in the In the midst of these tragic farce~, Deaf future for just such purposes,­ ~he massacr.e was gou~g on in the prov­ for the butchery of all Protestants, all lDce5. WhIle he was loudly confessina heretics, all whv do not bow down to the crime, claiming it as his own tb~ the idols of pagan Rome. The public king had caused new letters to be'sent sch00ls are a great light which Rome contradicting those sent the day befor~ will extinguish b" any aou every to the governors, who, besides, received means, lawful or unlawful; for her THE MASSACRE 0" ST. BARTHOLOMEW. deeds are evil, and @o she prefers dark­ ~eaux, Angers, Saumur Toulouse ness to light. She must collect her . ourgeR, 1:a Charite, etc. 'The execu~ children into her own special schools hons ~ontlDued till September. and parochial schools, and poison thei~ even t III October in same places. It young minds with hatred of Proteetant­ was a real campaigu. On the 3d of Ism and Protestant~, aud carefully ex­ October, the Jesuit, Edmond AuO'er clude from them all knowledO'e of hi!!­ came to HordellUx to preach the m;s8a'­ tory, except the lying history. of the cre. He announced that it was the false miracles of so-called saints. Such A:cbangel Michael, who had aCCODl­ f.lchools will produce a proletariat fit for pllshed the great work ofjustice. shamed ~heir purpo8es. T~ey did produce it the inhabitants of Bordeaux, the gov­ m France, why not III America? ernor Ilnd the magistra~es, for their ef­ Let the American people see to it feminacy, and finally brouO'bt on an well, that no Roman Catholic be put exeC~.ltiOD, which was ac~omplished into any office of public trust and es­ quasI-legally, under the directitm of the pecially where he can <'xert ad influence aldermen! on our public schools.] [Here we ~ee just W!1Rt is meant when a Romanist tells you that the Church of Rome did not put to death that vast CHAP. VIII. and almost inconceivable number of Pro.testant rnartyrs-60,OOO,OOO of the The Catholic Dignitaries Confiscate chOIcest of humanity by the InqUIsition the Goods of Murdered Protes­ --:-~lmost ns many as the entIre popula­ tIOn of the United States! They tell tants-The Names of Towns where you that they were put to death by the the Massacre Prevailed-How it c~v~l author~t~es. They mean that tbe was Done at Bordeaux. 25,000 to CIVIl authontIes, all themselves Ro­ manists, acted. as executioners after the 70,000 Murdered !-H.w Rome church had pronounced sentence!] Rejoiced at the News-The pope Happily, the bloody work was not ex ecuted in the whole of France. Many goes in ~olemn Procession from 3 tOWlIS preserved theil' inhabitants in Churches-The Declaration of the whole or in part from these horrors. It would he difficult to determine ex­ Rev. Dr. \\~hite, a Jesuit of 'Yasb­ actly the total number of deaths. It is ington, D. C. estimated from 20,000 to 70,OOOl from Among the victim~ was the illustri­ 4,000 to 10,000 of whom ·were in Pari~. d ous composer of mu~i(', Claude Gaudi· The Court of Rome received the ,gran mel. G ),'ernor l'.1andelot , who bad re­ news with inexpressible transports of ceived orders, closed his eyes, anel soon joy. Cardinal Lorraine (a Guise) after, entreat.. d the qUE'en-motber not counted out 1,COO crowns (~500,OO) to forget him in the distribution of the in gold to the c0urier who brought him the dispatches, and 'Hote to Charles confiscated ~ood'3 of the Protestants. Similar conduct ;va'3 the rule everv­ IX, a ietter of frenzied enthusiasm. where. The greater part of the butch­ At Uoly-Angel Castle, tbe cannOll fired. ers enriched them3elves out of the Pope Gregory XIII., accompanied by spoils of the victiBls. These ardeut the sacreu college, went in procession Catholics had a holy horror of the Pro­ from three of the churches (mass­ testants, but not of their goods. They houses) of Rome, to return solemn thanks to God; puJ:.,lished a univers~l thought, like the Roman Cresar, that jnbilee; cau'ied,." commemorative medal silver always smells ~ood. Some in­ to be struck (as had been already done genious assassins even cast lots for the at Paris), of which ODe is still preserved bodies of the slain, RO as to sell their in the British MuseuDl, and ordered fat! It is well known how great were the celebrated painter, Vasari, to exe~ the prejudices of the ancieuts as to the cute a represent( tion of the massacre marvellous curative virtues of human at Paris on the walls of the Sistine fat. Chapel, and the same is still seen there Protestants were also killed at Rouen, 14 TIlE 1tIASSACRE OF ST. nARTIIOLOMEW.

with the followin~ inscription: Ponti­ to fJ"Ik him to complete his work by es­ fex Colignii 1teCem probat (the Pope ap­ tablishing the InquisitHln, and hy rec­ proves the murder of Ce>ligny). [It o~nizin 1. Ow canons of the Council of ought to be observed that 'the word Trent. On his way through Lyon8~ this .necem in Latin does Eot mean deatlt cardinal solcmnlv blessed those who simply, but murder.! The Pope ap­ had butchered the Protestants, as they ~rQvcs tbe murder of those who do not piously knelL before him in the cathe­ aO'ree with him in religious matters; dral yard I arld the Church of Rome claims that it Philipe II. sho\ved no less j(jy; but .never changes. It claims to be the same in tbe 01he1' European countries this to-oav as it w[ts in 1572; and only a few great exploIt did not appear so holy, years ago, the Rev. Dr. "White, a Jesuit, and produced almost everywhere a sen­ and one of the greatest expounders of timent of repulsion and horror. .Romish dogmas this country bas ever [! believe this is a fair and nnbiased han, said from the pulpit of St. Mat­ account of the maflsacre of St. Bar­ thew's church, in this city, that the Ro­ tholomew,-one of the bloodiesG and man Catholic Chuch had the same most inexcusable butcherier; recorded in right to punish heretics now that it the annals of his tory. It l:>elSan at ever had; '"but," said he, "we are re­ Paris i1.11d spread liver the greater part strained, a~ I may say, by the force of of France. and contInued for about .circumstances. " two monthi', It is estimated that from How can any reasonable man uphold 25,000 to 70,000 pt'rS8ns were slain. an organization that is only waiting One writer thinks that not lUuch less for power ~o torture to death everyone than 100,000 persons perished directly who may chance to express an honest by vi~Jence, and indirectly by want, -convicti0n differing from that held by privation, hunger, exposure, fear, the that organization? And yet, I recently hardships of prison life and life in the met a Roman Catholic ladvof consider­ galleys. And now tbe question again. -erable educ~tion and well ~read in his­ recurs. 'Vho did it? We have seen t@ry, who ~aid it made her blood boil that the Pope's nuncio urged the de­ to read of the horrible deaths of more struction of the Protestants upon Cath­ than 60,000,000 of people by the inqui­ erine. niece of the Pope, the mother of tlition of the Romish church; and al­ Charles IX., the King of France, four though, She declared, she believed the years before it took place; that she re­ historians had told the truth, she fltill plied to the nuncio that neither she Bor clung to the church I Is it a iatalityi'] her son, the kmg, desired anything more than to accomplish just that very end; tbat when it did take place, she was the CHAP. IX. prin" e mover in forming and combining Cardinal Lorraine attribute':! the the plot; that all the leaders were mem­ great Victory to the advice and bers of the hierarchy; that the bead of the Protestant leader, Admiral Coligni, prayers of the Pope-The Pope was sent to the Pope as an acceptable asks the King of France to estab­ present; that the Pope himself ,rejoiced publicly when the news ot the massacre lish the Inquisition to complete the was brough t him; that he had a medal Destruction of Protestants-Philipe struck, {)riginal copies of which are still II. of Spain rejoices-Conclusion. in existence, which bears evidence of the ~ope~s ~pproval of the foul deed by Cardinal Lorraine caused to be placed nn lDscnptI\)n and representatIon of .over the do@r of the Church of Saint the scene (If Coligny's death; and, Louis an inscription thankinO' God for finally, th.at he caused a gr~nd paintmg the victory gained by Ch:rles IX., l'epresentmg the destructIOn of the "'thanks to the advice and prayers of Huguenots, to be made on the wall!!! of the Holy See." the Sistine Chapel, whic!l still remains The Pope, moreover, sen t Cardinal th.ere~as a witness against the church, -"Fabio Orsini, as delegate to F~ance, to ,":1 th Its ~ pp;r:opriate inscri ption; "Pott­ c0ng1'atulate aDd thank the kmg, and tifo: COlzgllU necelll jrobat" (the Pope THE :MASSACRE OF ST. nARTIIOLO~1EW. 15 approves the murder of Coligoy). claims to be unchangeable, it always A great Geneoral Council has invested will approve of such murderR. That .ALL the Popes with infallibilty; and church is a fanatical sect of pagan hence the Pope is the church; and ori~io, and dangerous to the liberties wba: the Pope approves the church .of any country, and should be kept must approve. The Roman Catholic under st~'ict surveillance of law, that a Church has 9lways approved of the St. nartholomew may never be ID0ssibie murder of Protestants, and, as it in our own beloved land.]

APPENDIX.

Cardinal Gibbons, in a recent pub~k­ Fox and Lion, Vicar of the Prince of -ation of bis, says that he i~ v('ry sorry for Hell, who with superstitious cult and this massacre; vet he would 1ik~ to more than bestial ignorance, under the drive all Catholic children into paro­ name of divine wisdom, poisons the .chial schools and have them drillt:d in wlH)le world." How well they who the same vicious principles that actu­ put him to a most agonizing death con­ ated the St. Bartholomew assassins, firmed every word of that seutence! and burnt alive the illustrious scholar, His ~tatue was erected by such men Giordano Bruno on the 17th of Feb. as Max MulleJ', HerberL Spencer, Victor 1600. Hugo, Chas. Bradlaugh, Ernest Renan, Both the Pope and Cardinal and many other equally ilIustrous men Gibbons have very re~ent1.Y caused to in every nation of Europel Do we be read in the R. C. Churches a paper need further testimonv that Giordano on the unveiling of the statue of Bruno, Bruno was a great, go(}d and illustri­ (which occurred June 10th, '89), which ous maD? But such doctrines as he is really an approval of Bruno's murder. taught were likely to open the eyes of At any rate neither in the paper Bent the blind followers of the Roman out by the Pope nor in that by Gibbons Church and that would never do. And -is there one word of regret for the those Uholy" inquisitors were not con­ 'lllurder; but bitter denunciation of the tent to destroy him by a most agoniz­ poor, heJple8s victim,- one of the ing death, hut must degrade and dis­ -greatest scholars, and thinkers of his grace him in the eyes of the people. age. Even his enemies cannot point As he was led ouL for execution, out one immoral act of his life. Like He was dressed in a fanta1ltic garb Galileo, he was in advance of his time, painted all over with the pictures of a.nd, on being examined by the "Holv devils and the flames of hellI! His Inquisitors," was found guilty of arms hung limp by his side having knewing more of science, philosophy, been dislocated by the torture. and astronon-lY than they themselves He died without one cry of pain, his knew. He taught that the sun, and not last wsrds being, "I die a martyr and the earth, is the center of the liiolar willingly, while my s0ul shall ascend to -system. It is also true that he knew, Paradise upon the smoke of my burn­ and t>penly taught, the exceeding ing body." "Will pagan Romanis.m wickedness of the R. C Church; for he never learn that 'iTruth th~' crushed had been a Dominican OJ onk, and he to earth, shall rise again"? The Ro­ knew them. man Catholic church burnt Bruno's Bruno, while lecturing in a German body, but his spirit is still ilJ. the worlcl, University, said, speaking of the Pope: anel still lifts a warning voice t:> the HThat potentate who is armed with key whole civilized world against the wiles and sword, wlth falsehood and force, of Rome. .,with. hypocrisy and haughtiness, at once As to the present character of the R . 16 THE MASSACRE OF ST. BARTHOLOMEW. C. church. read the following,taken from authorizing lying, theft, perjury, the utmost un. cleanness, murder, and all sins! Their doctrines CriRpi's own newspapf>r, the Riforma:­ root out all sentlments of humanity, excite re. "In truth, thls punlshment of Bruno-whlch, to belllon, root out all religion, and substitute all judge things mlldly, we might have set down as sorts of superstition, blasphemy, irrellglon, and the result of the cruel practices of a past age­ Idolatry." thus falls back upon the Vatical). as an immutable Popery and civllllberty cannot co·exist. principle of its reUgion and government: a prin. ciple which would stlll be enforced if the Vati. Let t.he American people beware. can had the power. Remember the Inquisition r Re­ The Church (of Rome) has not changed In any way. Now, none of her mostdec1ded adversaries member th~ nlleys of Piedmont; the would have gone so far In his charges againsther. fires of Smithfield; the B::l.rtholomew All would rather have preferred figurb1g to them. selves that she had given up her errors whlch massacre and Revocation of the Edict once were common to a backward c1vll1zatlon, of Nantes. and which the progress of time had left behind forever. Instead of this, the Church(of Rome) Let us return to the path marked out has passed a worse judgment upon herself than by the "Fathers of the Republic,"-to her bitteres~ antagonists could have done." [From the days when patrietism would not the "19th Century" for July '89J have permitted biRhops or priest! to Wbo can know better the spirit of teach trea~on to the Government or Roman Catholicism than the Prime plot the downfall of civil and religious Minister of Italy. wh. wal'l educated libertv. Will American Protestants for the prieRthood in the R. C. church. wake·up to a full sense of duty? and who has lived all hi~ life at Rome? Stud.v this b()oklet; lend it to your Bu~ 16t us interrogate the French Reighbftrs; huv other conies and mllil Government. them to your friends; spread th~ truth; Thc Parliament of Frc'\Dce appointf'rl let your light shine; he·lp o~ the goorl. a committee to examine the principles work. of the J esuif s. Following' is all extl act CHASE Roys, from their report: 631 F St. N. W. "The consequences of their doctrine destroy the law of nature, break all the bonds of society, Washington, D. C.

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