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Hydrogen Storage to Humanity Team Receives $8 Million in Funding!

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Hydrogen Storage to Humanity Team Receives $8 Million in Funding! Prometheus Bringing safe & efficient hydrogen storage to humanity Team receives $8 million in funding! Jeffery Urban Eun Seon Cho Anne Ruminski With commitments from leading car and stationary-power manufacturers…interest [in hydrogen] is once again swelling in this carbon-free technology. Julie Chao, LBNL 2 Hydrogen is a game-changer H2 208 miles Range 312 miles Refueling 5 – 10 hours Time 5 minutes 3 Hydrogen offers many advantages ✓ Has multiple uses: - transportation - electricity grid - industry ✓ Can be stored long term ✓ Potentially better for the environment than alternatives 4 Source: IEA 2015 technology roadmap – Hydrogen and Fuel cells …But concentrating H2 is difficult - 253°C (- 423°F) 700 bar (10,000 PSI) Hydrogen is the lightest element on earth High pressure storage is dangerous Potential of high pressure rupture of tank 700 bar (10,000 PSI) Hydrogen is the lightest element on earth Metal hydrides store H2 as solid MetalMetal Hydride (e.g. (M-H)Mg, Al, Li) Solid storage is safer and more dense 7 Prometheus: next generation H2 storage Nanotechnology 1. Faster 2. Lower 3. Lower Temperature Pressure 8 Lower pressure, safer storage Compressed H2 • High pressure (700 bar) • Flammable & explosive • Gas leak – energy loss 9 Lower pressure, safer storage Compressed H2 Prometheus • High pressure (700 bar) • Lower pressure (15 bar) • Flammable & explosive • Safer • Gas leak – energy loss • Less/no gas leaking 10 Smaller volume Smaller volume = easier integration + more space Prometheus Other metal Liquid H2 Compressed H2 hydrides (700 bar) 11 Smaller volume Smaller volume = easier integration + more space Prometheus Other metal Liquid H2 Compressed H2 hydrides (700 bar) Model S: enabled by modularity of battery pack 12 Advantages of Prometheus Prometheus Compressed H2 Liquefied H2 Pressure (safety) ✓ x x Design Modularity ✓ x x H stored per volume 2 ✓ x x H stored per mass 2 x ✓ ✓ Tank + H2 + Tank + hydrogen metal hydride 130-150 kg 120 kg 28 kg Prometheus: heavier Compressed Liquefied Prometheus has great potential Prometheus – Competitive and Improving Gravimetric DOE Targets for 2020 (kWh/kg) Current 0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 14 Prometheus has great potential Prometheus – Competitive and Improving Gravimetric DOE Targets for 2020 (kWh/kg) Current Prometheus – Best option Volumetric (kWh/L) DOE Targets for 2020 Current 0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 15 *Graph values are for overall system weight and volume Prometheus has great potential Prometheus – Competitive and Improving Gravimetric DOE Targets for 2020 (kWh/kg) Current Prometheus – Best option Volumetric (kWh/L) DOE Targets for 2020 Current 0 0.5 0.9 1.4 1.8 ✖ Pressure ✓ (bar) 700 15 700 bar 15 bar 16 *Graph values are for overall system weight and volume Automotive is the holy grail Auto Industry Sales $126.9 Billion DOE H2 & Fuel Cell Technology Funding: Fuel Cell 103 97 Government 92.9 funding FY 2014 FY 2015 FY 2016 (Request) 179 FCEVs in 2015 10K by 2018 Private investment 44 stations in 2015 51 by 2016 (enough for 13K FCEVs) 17 …but we have 3 main challenges Beating the status quo Deploying in Automotive Must replace high pressure Deploying in Automotive will systems in vehicles AND require 2-5 years after refueling stations technology is proven 18 …but we have 3 main challenges Insufficient Hydrogen refueling infrastructure Lack of infrastructure prevents hydrogen vehicle adoption 19 Pursue Automotive in the future Year 5: Larger Year 1 Year 2 market 20 So, where do we begin? We looked into several sectors and prioritized immediate opportunities Customer points pain 21 Familiarity with Hydrogen Start where the pain is high Submarines Materials Handling Current solutions Store hydrogen in compressed Use chemical batteries or tanks compressed H2 Value Proposition Safety & space concerns Strict emission limits & high operations efficiency Market Size $28B US gov’t spending on $12.2B market for forklifts submarines (next 10 years) 22 Market Plan - Year 1 Year 1: Year 2: Proof of Year 5: Larger Initial stage concept market 23 Initial Market: Nuclear Submarines Drop-in solution • Nuclear submarines store H2 • Distribution channel in place 24 Initial Market: Nuclear Submarines Drop-in solution Superior value proposition ✓ Nuclear submarines store H2 • Increased safety ✓ Distribution channel in place • Space Savings • Competitive advantage 25 Initial Market: Nuclear Submarines Drop-in solution Superior value proposition ✓ Nuclear submarines store H2 ✓ Increased safety ✓ Distribution channel in place ✓ Space Savings ✓ Competitive advantage 26 Entry Plan: >>> License the technology • High willingness to pay + • Potential funding during proof of concept ? • Licensing structure • Exclusivity clause 27 Market Plan - Year 2 Year 1: Year 2: Proof of Year 5: Larger Initial stage concept market 28 Proof of concept: Materials handling Drop-in solution • Large companies use H2 powered forklifts Proof of concept: Materials handling Drop-in solution Superior value proposition ✓ Large companies use H2 • Increased efficiency powered forklifts • Space savings 30 Proof of concept: Materials handling Drop-in solution Superior value proposition ✓ Large companies use H2 ✓ Increased efficiency powered forklifts ✓ Space savings 31 Entry Plan: >>> Partnerships • Compatible with fuel cells • Low pressure requires less capital expenditures + • Facilitates deployment of hydrogen powered materials handing ? • Partnership conditions 32 Licensing ▪Partnership Testing ▪Fuelling infrastructure work Year 1 Year 2 Year 5 Licensing Partnerships Testing 33 Prometheus promises great change Safer Efficient Reversible Travis Axelrod, MBA Adrián Gómez, MBA Dulce Kadise, MBA Norman Su, PhD Kevin Wujcik, PhD Nikolas Thiessen, MBA Questions? APPENDIX 36 Hydrogen stations Construction and Setbacks • Fire Safety code limits potential locations for hydrogen stations • Underground storage can resolve the problem but it’s more expensive to implement • Current Hydrogen vehicle refueling stations cost between $1-9M to build Setbacks are applicable to a 7,000 psi hydrogen system *1,500 liter liquid hydrogen storage tank +Only pertains to dispensing equipment 37 Source: DOE, Alternative Fuels Data Center - http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/hydrogen_infrastructure.html#setbacks Safety regulations ▪75 foot buffer between hydrogen storage Rules tank and fill line for fueling stations ▪Lower Flammability Limit: 4% by volume ▪Upper Flammability Limit: 75% by volume Metrics ▪Liquid hydrogen leaks at rate of at least 1% total per day ▪500oC Auto-ignition temperature Incentives for H2 economy Research and ▪ Low and Zero Emission Vehicle Research, Demonstration, and Deployment Funding consumer ▪ Alternative Fuel Tax Exemption, etc… incentives ▪ Vehicle Acquistion and Fuel Use Government Requirement for Federal/Private and Local fleets Governement Fleets Cost to store 5 kg of hydrogen High Costs at early Stage Lab results: vs. Industry: $4,000 Lab: $4.2M1 Current H2 cost breakdown ($2.50/kg H2): Other Cooling Dispenser 60% Storage Compression Calculations: 40 1. Based on Lab Scale costs = $50/gram x 1000 gram/kg ÷ 6% x 5kg = $4.2M Challenges on the path to market 1. Adapt & expand infrastructure 2. Reduce costs: laboratory to market 41 Phase 1: Phase 2: Initial Secondary Research Research 42 Our 20,000 ft view ▪ Initial brainstorming exercises yielded 20 potential applications: Hypothesis Category # Hypotheses (Nano MgH can be used...) Back-up 1 For stationary remote energy storage (ex. telecommunications towers, remote camp grounds, Power etc.) 2 For portable remote energy storage (ex. military applications, supply power for remote events) 3 To power handheld conusmer electronics 4 To provide energy storage for residential applications Long- 5 For Space Travel duration 6 For travel by sea: Submarine travel 7 For travel by sea: Boat Utility 8 MgH is better suited for utility scale storage than other storage technologies services 9 MgH has multiple applications for utility storage 10 For energy resiliency in the space constrained private sector (ex. Google, Apple, public transit) Hydrogen 11 To produce hydrogen (ex. split H2 from water) production 12 To capture hydrogen from other gas/chemical byproducts (ex. refineries, wastewater treatment plants, etc.) Freight & 13 To power light-duty vehicles Travel 14 To power heavy-duty vehicles and machinery 15 To power airplanes Other 16 MgH can be used to capture other gases (ex. CO2, methane, etc.) areas 17 For heat recovery and cooling (ex. leverage excess heat from combined cycle plant) 18 To store and utilize hydrogen in non-energy applications (ex. chemical manufacturing, ammonia, glass production, electronic manufacturing, etc.) Initial 19 To produce Nano-magnesium batteries (chemical storage) 43 Research 20 To generate licensing revenue from the nano-material production process Reducing our Hypotheses ▪ We used high-level research to categorize 20 potential applications into High, Med, Low attractiveness: HIGH LEVEL RESEARCH 1. Portable Energy storage (ex. military) 2. Space Travel Investigate why people would/wouldn’t use H 3. Submarines I nano-Mg. Answer these questions: 4. Boats G Has anyone spoken about Hydrogen fuel cells in 5. Private sector energy resiliency H your sub-category? 6. H2 capture from other gases Is there more than one substitute in your sub- 7. Heavy duty vehicles (ex. material handling) category? Does the market benefit from the following 1. Remote energy storage characteristics? 2. Handheld consumer electronics M (a) Durability & Reversibility 3. Other utility services
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