Universidad Complutense De Madrid Facultad De Geografía E Historia Departamento De Historia Contemporánea

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Universidad Complutense De Madrid Facultad De Geografía E Historia Departamento De Historia Contemporánea UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA CONTEMPORÁNEA ENTRE LA REFORMA Y LA AMPLIACIÓN, (1976-1986) LAS NEGOCIACIONES HISPANO-COMUNITARIAS EN TIEMPOS DE TRANSICIÓN Y APPROFONDISSEMENT TESIS DOCTORAL DE: VANESSA NÚÑEZ PEÑA DIRIGIDA POR: ANTONIO MORENO JUSTE Madrid, 2013 ©Vanessa Núñez Peña, 2013 UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID FACULTAD DE GEOGRAFÍA E HISTORIA DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA CONTEMPORÁNEA ENTRE LA REFORMA Y LA AMPLIACIÓN (1976-1986) LAS NEGOCIACIONES HISPANO-COMUNITARIAS EN TIEMPOS DE TRANSICIÓN Y APPROFONDISSEMENT Memoria para optar al grado de Doctor presentada por Vanessa Núñez Peñas Bajo la dirección del Dr. Antonio Moreno Juste MADRID, 2013 Vanessa Núñez Peñas Entre la reforma y la ampliación (1976-1986) ÍNDICE SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS ................................................................................................... 1 ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................ 15 CAPÍTULO 1 - TRES ESCENARIOS PARA UNA NEGOCIACIÓN: LA ADHESIÓN DE ESPAÑA A LA CEE EN TIEMPOS DE TRANSICIÓN, REFORMA Y GUERRA FRÍA ........................................... 31 1.1. LA INTEGRACIÓN EN LA CEE COMO OBJETIVO DE LA TRANSICIÓN ESPAÑOLA ................................... 34 1.1.1. Antecedentes de la significación política de Europa ............................................. 36 1.1.2. España en la agenda comunitaria ......................................................................... 39 1.1.3. Europa en la transición española .......................................................................... 46 1.2. EL CONTEXTO COMUNITARIO DE LA REVITALIZACIÓN .................................................................. 53 1.2.1. Los convulsos años setenta ................................................................................... 54 1.2.2. El approfondissement de los ochenta ................................................................... 63 1.3. LA GUERRA FRÍA COMO ESCENARIO DE INTEGRACIÓN Y TRANSICIÓN ............................................. 70 1.3.1. La identidad europea ante el conflicto bipolar ..................................................... 70 1.3.2. La transición española en el marco de las relaciones occidentales ...................... 76 CAPÍTULO 2 - PRE-NEGOCIACIÓN (ENERO DE 1976-DICIEMBRE DE 1978): ANÁLISIS, ORGANIZACIÓN Y ESTRATEGIA DE LA ADHESIÓN .............................................................. 87 2.1. LA CANDIDATURA ESPAÑOLA ................................................................................................ 90 2.1.1. La reanudación de las relaciones con la Comunidad ............................................ 90 2.1.2. Los debates previos a la solicitud de adhesión ..................................................... 98 2.1.3. España, país candidato a la adhesión ................................................................. 115 Vanessa Núñez Peñas Entre la reforma y la ampliación (1976-1986) 2.2. DEL APREMIO A LA DISQUISICIÓN: EXPERIENTIA DOCET ............................................................. 125 2.2.1. Los mecanismos comunitarios de la adhesión .................................................... 126 2.2.2. La respuesta de las instituciones ........................................................................ 133 2.2.3. La Administración española ante las negociaciones ........................................... 141 2.3. PRIMERAS APROXIMACIONES: EL FRESCO, LOS SABIOS Y EL DICTAMEN ........................................ 159 CAPÍTULO 3 - PRIMERA FASE DE LA NEGOCIACIÓN (ENERO DE 1979-MAYO DE 1980): DIECIOCHO MESES DE PAUSA .......................................................................................... 171 3.1. LA PRESIDENCIA FRANCESA Y LA APERTURA DE NEGOCIACIONES .................................................. 173 3.1.1. Las interferencias de la política interior francesa ............................................... 175 3.1.2. La política europea de Francia y las elecciones al Parlamento Europeo ............. 188 3.2. LA AGENDA COMUNITARIA ................................................................................................. 198 3.2.1. El Comité de los Tres Sabios ................................................................................ 199 3.2.2. La Cooperación Política Europea ........................................................................ 210 3.3. EL LUGAR DE ESPAÑA ....................................................................................................... 218 3.3.1. La preparación de la vue d’ensemble .................................................................. 219 3.3.2. La influencia del capítulo agrícola ....................................................................... 226 CAPÍTULO 4 - DEL GISCARDAZO AL FINAL DE LA VUE D’ENSEMBLE (JUNIO DE 1980- DICIEMBRE DE 1981): LOS PROBLEMAS INTERNOS Y EXTERNOS DE LA NEGOCIACIÓN ..... 231 4.1. LA EXTRAPOLACIÓN DE UNAS DECLARACIONES ........................................................................ 234 4.1.1. Las primeras reacciones al llamado giscardazo .................................................. 235 4.1.2. La interpretación española sobre el papel de Francia ........................................ 243 4.1.3. Las consecuencias para las negociaciones de adhesión ..................................... 249 4.2. LA EVOLUCIÓN DE LAS NEGOCIACIONES TRAS EL GISCARDAZO .................................................... 256 4.2.1. La nueva Trinidad ................................................................................................ 257 4.2.2. La reestructuración interna de la Comunidad y los avances con España ........... 264 4.3. EL IMPACTO DEL 23-F ...................................................................................................... 274 4.3.1. La disyuntiva entre el carácter técnico y político de las negociaciones .............. 275 Vanessa Núñez Peñas Entre la reforma y la ampliación (1976-1986) 4.3.2. El Mandato del 30 de mayo como prioridad comunitaria .................................. 281 CAPÍTULO 5 - EL FINAL DE LAS NEGOCIACIONES (ENERO DE 1982-ENERO DE 1986): HACIA LA EUROPA DE LOS DOCE ................................................................................................ 293 5.1. UN AGRIDULCE 1982 ....................................................................................................... 295 5.1.1. La presidencia belga y el cierre de los primeros capítulos .................................. 296 5.1.2. La Comunidad pisa de nuevo el freno… o el acelerador ..................................... 306 5.2. EL DESEMBARCO DEL PSOE EN LAS NEGOCIACIONES ............................................................... 314 5.2.1. Cambio de planteamiento .................................................................................. 315 5.2.2. Hacia el acuerdo final .......................................................................................... 327 5.3. AMPLIACIÓN Y REFORMA COMUNITARIA ............................................................................... 338 5.3.1. El Tratado de Adhesión de España ...................................................................... 338 5.3.2. El Acta Única Europea ......................................................................................... 346 CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................................... 357 CONCLUSIONS (ENGLISH VERSION) ................................................................................. 367 FUENTES Y BIBLIOGRAFÍA ............................................................................................... 375 APÉNDICE DOCUMENTAL ................................................................................................ 417 Vanessa Núñez Peñas Entre la reforma y la ampliación (1976-1986) SIGLAS Y ABREVIATURAS AC-CONS Archives Centrales du Conseil européen ACMP Archivo Central del Ministerio de la Presidencia ACP Países de África, el Caribe y el Pacífico AECE Asociación Española de Cooperación Europea AGA Archivo General de la Administración AGMAE Archivo General del Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores AH-COMM Archives Historiques de la Commission européenne AID Asociación Internacional de Desarrollo AMAEF Archive du Ministère des Affaires étrangères français APD Asociación para el Progreso de la Dirección ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations AUE Acta Única Europea CARDOC Centre Archivistique et Documentaire du Parlement européen CED Comunidad Europea de Defensa CEE Comunidad Económica Europea CEOE Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales CES Comité Económico y Social COGECA Comité General de la Cooperación Agrícola de la CEE COPA Comité de las Organizaciones Profesionales Agrarias de la CEE COREPER Comité de Representantes Permanentes CPE Cooperación Política Europea CSCE Conferencia para la Seguridad y Cooperación en Europa CVCE Centre Virtuel de la Conaissance sur l’Europe EFTA European Free Trade Association 1 Vanessa Núñez Peñas Entre la reforma y la ampliación (1976-1986) ETA Euskadi Ta Askatasuna EUI European University Institute Europêche Asociación de las Organizaciones Nacionales de Empresas Pesqueras de la CEE FEDER Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEOGA Fondo Europeo de Orientación y Garantía Agrícola
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