Queensland Brain Institute 2013 Annual Report

Queensland Brain Institute 2013 Annual Report Cover Image: Deep layers of the cortex (left) are formed by large neurons that send extensive projections to the striatum underneath (right). These disorganised projections enter the external capsule (middle), a “highway” of axons that divides territories across the brain. From there, they pour into the striatum in an organised fashion, forming zigzagged bundles on their way Image: J. Bertran-Gonzalez, Laura R Fenlon and Rodrigo Suárez Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

TABLE OF CONTENTS

UQ Vice-Chancellor and President’s Report .....2 Jiang Laboratory...... 34 Students...... 58 QBI Director’s Report...... 3 Lynch Laboratory...... 35 Student stories and profiles...... 60 Mangelsdorf Laboratory...... 36 Master of Neuroscience students...... 61 Discovery...... 4 Marshall Laboratory...... 37 Mattingley Laboratory...... 38 Blocking a protein could be key to treating Community...... 62 spinal cord injury...... 6 McGrath Laboratory...... 39 Lectures...... 64 New learning and memory neurons Meunier Laboratory...... 40 Events...... 66 uncovered...... 8 Mowry Laboratory...... 41 Community Outreach...... 68 Shedding light on brain computations...... 10 Osborne Laboratory...... 42 Australian Brain Bee Challenge...... 69 Older grandfathers pass on autism risk Piper Laboratory...... 43 through generations...... 12 Reinhard Laboratory...... 44 Recognition...... 70 Research into axon degeneration...... 14 Richards Laboratory...... 45 Study reveals molecular networks of Sah Laboratory...... 46 Fellowships and Awards...... 72 mental health disorders...... 16 Srinivasan Laboratory...... 47 Commercialisation ...... 73 van Swinderen Laboratory...... 48 Publications...... 74 Research...... 20 Visscher Laboratory...... 49 Grants ...... 84 Williams Laboratory...... 50 Neuroscience Seminars...... 86 Bartlett Laboratory...... 22 Wray Laboratory...... 51 Professional Service...... 88 Bredy Laboratory...... 23 Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Editorial Boards...... 89 Burne Laboratory...... 24 Research...... 52 UQ Appointments...... 90 Cheung Laboratory...... 25 Science of Learning Research Centre...... 54 Staff ...... 91 Claudianos Laboratory...... 26 Joint Sino-Australian Neurogenetics In Appreciation ...... 94 Cooper Laboratory...... 27 Laboratory...... 55 Supporting QBI ...... 95 Coulson Laboratory...... 28 Joint Laboratory of Neuroscience and Cunnington Laboratory...... 29 Cognition...... 56 ...... Eyles Laboratory 30 Joint Sino-Australian Laboratory of Goodhill Laboratory...... 31 Brainnetome...... 57 Götz Laboratory...... 32 Hilliard Laboratory...... 33

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 1 UQ VICE-CHANCELLOR AND PRESIDENT’S REPORT

QBI is committed to unearthing the next generation of neuroscientists by creating pathways for high school students into the field. Since 2006, it has facilitated the Australian Brain Bee Challenge (ABBC) neuroscience competition. It is designed to motivate students to learn about the human brain and inspire them to consider careers as clinicians and researchers. Today, ABBC engages with over 5500 students from 300 schools across Australia and New Zealand. The initiative is further supported by a Summer Scholarship scheme at QBI for students who excel in the competition. The demonstrated passion and outstanding leadership of QBI’s Professor Linda Richards in initiating the In 2013, the Queensland Brain Institute (QBI) of Biophysics, Beijing, in 2010 and a Joint Sino- internationally recognised competition in Australia, celebrated its 10th anniversary. Australian Neurogenetics Laboratory with the saw her awarded first place in the Vice-Chancellor's Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, in Equity and Diversity Award in May. Her commit- In the past 10 years, the Institute has achieved 2011. This past year saw the inception of the Joint ment to growing the calibre of young Australian remarkable success and made credible inroads into Sino-Australian Laboratory of Brainnetome with the neuroscientists has seen the previous two Austral- neuroscience research, one of the final frontiers of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Automa- ian winners, Jackson Huang (2013) and Teresa Tang science. Since Founding Director Professor Perry tion, Beijing, using advanced neuroimaging tech- (2012) both going on to win the International Brain Bartlett co-authored QBI’s first publication in the niques and computational analysis to understand Bee Competition. prestigious Nature Neuroscience journal in 2002, brain behaviour. the Institute has published over 1200 papers. As we embark on the next decade of research at QBI, A growing area in neuroscience, namely compu- I wish to thank Professor Bartlett, Professor Pankaj QBI’s excellence in the field saw The University tational analysis and neuroimaging, will also be Sah, Deputy Director (Research) and Mr John Kelly, of Queensland (UQ) attain the highest possible used in the newly established Science of Learning Deputy Director (Operations) and their able team score of five for neuroscience, “well above world Research Centre (SLRC). These techniques will be of research and administration support for shaping standard”, in both the 2010 and 2012 Excellence in used to understand the networks involved during the Institute into the world-class research hub that Research for Australia (ERA) reviews — one of only learning and the formation of memories, and then stands today. two universities in Australia to achieve this. applied to deliver more effective education models This annual report highlights the breadth of The quality of work produced by QBI researchers in schools and universities – a first for Australian QBI’s work and showcases some recent findings, is further demonstrated by the Institute’s National education. including a fundamental breakthrough into how Health and Medical Research Council and Austral- The opening of the SLRC in November along with the brain decodes the visual world. ian Research Council grant success, attracting over the unveiling of the Clem Jones Centre for Ageing $110 million in competitive grant funding to date — I have no doubt that we will continue to see many, Dementia Research in February, have helped a success rate far above the national average. many more significant findings in neuroscience strengthen the University’s relationship with emerge from QBI in the decades to come. QBI’s research power is further augmented by its State and Federal Government. Over the past 12 many international partnerships. From its first months the Centres have attracted many repre- international research assignment with the Chinese sentatives from State and Federal Parliament to Professor Peter Høj Academy of Sciences Institute of Neuroscience in QBI, including Prime Minister Tony Abbott. We Vice-Chancellor and President Shanghai in 2006, QBI is now a truly global research are incredibly grateful for the significant support hub. It has grown to establish a Joint Laboratory these areas have received from Government, at a of Neuroscience and Cognition with the Institute local, state and national level.

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QBI DIRECTOR’S REPORT

I was especially delighted by the immense success two grants totalling almost $1.5 million. One of these Since the Maclean family made the very first dona- QBI achieved in 2013, as outlined below and more grants also included the very prestigious Discovery tion to the Institute 10 years ago, we have attracted fully in this Annual Report, as it showcased the im- Outstanding Researcher Award. more than $43 million in support from generous pressive achievements of the last decade. individuals, businesses and from charitable organisa- I am delighted to report that QBI scientists received tions. My heartfelt thanks to all of our donors, and In 2013, on February 28, the Clem Jones Centre for several prestigious accolades for their work this year. to our Development Board, chaired by Jeff Maclean, Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR) was officially The NHMRC John Cade Fellowship in Mental Health who invest so much time and energy into ensuring opened by Queensland Premier Campbell Newman. Research was awarded to Professor John McGrath. the continuation of the philanthropic support. Our Establishing this, Australia’s first and only facility fo- A leader in this field of research, Professor McGrath Director of Advancement and Communications Mi- cussed entirely on research into the prevention and discovered that low vitamin D during early life is a kaeli Costello also has been central to the success of treatment of dementia, was made possible through risk factor for schizophrenia. This Fellowship, worth our philanthropic effort. the generosity of philanthropic partners, in particular $3.75 million, will enable Professor McGrath to ex- the Clem Jones Trustees whose financial support al- pand his current research to examine the association Also, I wish to thank our Advisory Board, chaired by lowed us to assemble an unparalleled research team, between early life vitamin D status and childhood Dr Sallyanne Atkinson AO, whose support and coun- led by Professor Jürgen Götz. The significance of the brain development, as well as mental health in later sel have played an invaluable role in guiding QBI to establishment of CJCADR captured the attention of life. Dr Jian Yang was awarded $1.22 million to unlock become the global-leading research organisation it This year marks 10 years since the Queensland both State and Federal Governments, who collectively the genetic basis of thousands of diseases includ- is today. Brain Institute (QBI) was established. committed a further $18 million in funding, to acceler- ing schizophrenia, obesity and cancer. As one of As the Founding Director, I have had the enormous ate our research towards finding a cure for dementia. only two recipients of the highly prestigious Sylvia In addition, I would like to acknowledge the unwav- privilege of observing first-hand this exciting period in and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation’s Senior ering support I have received from my scientific col- which we grew from 10 staff to more than 400, from This year, the Australian Research Council (ARC) pro- Medical Research Fellowship, Dr Yang will apply his leagues at QBI – not only over the past 12 months 3 laboratory heads to 33, from publishing 2 papers to vided $21 million for a Science of Learning Research background in genetics and statistics, along with but also throughout our exciting journey over the 239, and brought in competitive grant funding in ex- Centre (SLRC), a Special Research Initiative housed his outstanding skills in computational biology, to past decade. Our dedicated operations team, led by cess of $110 million and philanthropic funding in excess at QBI. The SLRC was opened by the Honourable Ian answer fundamental questions about the genetics Deputy Director (Operations) John Kelly, and Man- of $43 million. More important has been the impact Walker, Minister for Science, Information Technology, of common disease, and to develop software tools ager Helen Weir, have provided the unparalleled, and recognition our research has garnered over this pe- Innovation and the Arts in November, and attended that will analyse millions of DNA markers. Dr Yang’s outstanding support so vital to the success of our riod, which is exemplified by the increasing number of by ARC CEO Professor Aidan Byrne. Based around the achievement is particularly pleasing with the knowl- research programs. papers published in frontline journals, such as Nature, three themes of understanding learning, measuring edge that QBI’s Deputy Director (Research) Professor learning and promoting learning, the SLRC’s research My very great gratitude goes to the Deputy Direc- Science and Proceedings of the National Academy Pankaj Sah, was the first recipient of this Fellowship tor (Research) Professor Pankaj Sah who has been of Sciences USA, as well as UQ receiving the highest findings will help Australia build a solid scientific evi- when it was launched in 1995. dence base that directly informs teaching practices, instrumental in orchestrating the success we have possible rating for neuroscience excellence in both the achieved in obtaining research grants, and his team 2010 and 2012 Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) applying benchtop discoveries directly to the black- Two new Fellowships were established in 2013 board. The establishment of the SLRC was especially through the generosity of philanthropic support. A of Rowan Tweedale and Dr Sylvie Pichelin who are reviews. This success has been due to the exceptional peerless in this area. scientists – whom we have been fortunate to attract gratifying for me, as I had been part of an expert work- $1.4 million Senior Research Fellowship was jointly from all over the globe – who have made key discovering group that had successfully presented the concept funded by the charitable arm of the Freemasons Finally, my warm thanks to Vice-Chancellor Professor ies that greatly contribute to our understanding of how four years earlier to the Prime Minister’s Science, Engi- Queensland, the Board of Benevolence of Aged Peter Høj, Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor Professor brain function is regulated at the most fundamental neering and Innovation Council. Masons, Widows and Orphans’ Fund, and UQef, a Deborah Terry and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) private fund established by Wotif.com founders An- level. Equally important has been the incredible sup- QBI scientists were extremely successful in the 2013 Professor Max Lu for their guidance and support. port given to us by the people of Queensland through drew Brice and Graeme Wood, and will support an grant rounds of the National Health and Medical Re- I hope you enjoy reading about QBI’s research philanthropy and government contributions. outstanding researcher in the area of learning and search Council (NHMRC) and the ARC. In the NHMRC memory over 5 years. A further $500,000 was donat- discoveries in more detail in this Annual Report. We have made great strides in understanding the cir- round, 17 projects were funded, totalling more than ed by Robyn Hilton to establish the Peter Hilton Re- cuitry regulating brain function in health and disease. $10.47 million at a success rate of 44.7 per cent – this search Fellowship in Ageing Dementia in honour of We now have begun applying this knowledge to the was considerably higher than the 16.7 per cent na- her late husband. The Fellowship will fund an early- tional average. In addition, Professors Joe Lynch and Professor Perry Bartlett FAA development of new therapeutics and approaches to career researcher based at CJCADR for 5 years, who Director combat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric Fred Meunier received NHMRC fellowships worth will explore how memory and learning functions are diseases, as well as to develop new innovative ap- $1.39 million, and were promoted. disrupted in dementia, and develop procedures to proaches to deliver learning into our schools. Thus, In the ARC round, QBI had a 44.4 per cent success rate test and manage these dysfunctions. the future decade looks even more exciting and fruit- (again, well above the national average of 19.9 per cent), As exemplified above, philanthropic support has ful as we build upon the scientific foundations of the totalling $2.6 million. Among the successful applicants past decade. been fundamental to the success of QBI and we are was Professor Mandyam Srinivasan, who was awarded enormously grateful for the support of our donors.

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 3 DISCOVERY

4 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Discovery

In only 10 years, the Queensland Brain Institute has positioned itself as one of the world’s leading neuroscience research facilities.

QBI fosters an environment of discovery that will ultimately lead to the development of much needed therapeutic treatments to combat diseases in which brain function has failed or is compromised.

Here, we celebrate some of QBI's fundamental breakthroughs in 2013.

Vinod Narayana, Meunier laboratory.

DISCOVERY 5 Discovery

"The idea would be to use the decoy treatment immediately after spinal cord injury"

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Blocking a protein could be key to treating spinal cord injury

Subsequent studies by the Bartlett and Boyd “The idea would be to use the decoy treatment team showed that after spinal cord injury, the immediately after spinal cord injury to try to production of EphA4 increased and stopped improve the patient’s recovery,” Professor severed nerve endings from regrowing Bartlett explained. through the injury site. “And as a neurologist or neurosurgeon will The team then developed a “decoy” protein, tell you, if you could improve function even Many people who have suffered spinal cord injury a competitive antagonist called EphA4-Fc, to marginally for a quadriplegic, you could make block EphA4 function. a massive difference to their life.” experience permanent deficits in movement and sensation, which is primarily due to the inability of the The most recent study the team conducted This research was supported by funding from assessed the effect of blocking the activity of the Lisa Palmer Spinal Research Consortium mammalian central nervous system to repair itself. EphA4 using this decoy protein in a rat model and SpinalCure Australia. of thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. The paper, “Acute delivery of EphA4-Fc In 1998, Professor Perry Bartlett, together Using tests of locomotion and limb function improves functional recovery after contusive with Professor Andrew Boyd, first identified – a ledged tapered balance beam and spinal cord injury in rats”, was published in that a protein called EphA4 may be the key to open-field testing – they observed significant the Journal of Neurotrauma. solving this problem. improvements in recovery of movement after treatment with EphA4-Fc. “Our work demonstrated that the EphA4 protein was critical to the development of the Using high-resolution magnetic resonance nerves that control walking and other complex imaging, they found that rats treated with muscle functions,” Professor Bartlett said. EphA4-Fc also showed structural changes in the tissue near the injury site. The study was the first to show this relationship and paved a new path for research into the More specifically, they found a significantly treatment of diseases and injuries involving increased cross-sectional area of the dorsal motor nerves. funiculus caudal to the injury epicentre, when compared with rats that had not received the decoy protein treatment. Above: Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) analysis of spinal cord injury after treatment with EphA4-Fc (mid-sagittal view). Journal of Neurotrauma, 2013. Far left: Professor Perry Bartlett.

DISCOVERY 7 "This research allows for better understanding of the processes

Discovery underlying learning and memory"

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New learning and memory neurons uncovered

Dr Jana Vukovic, a postdoctoral researcher in differences in the environment that can impact the Bartlett laboratory, was part of a team that on the individual,” Dr Vukovic said. developed a mouse model in which newborn She said that this research allows for better hippocampal neurons could be specifically understanding of the processes underlying deleted through the injection of a toxin. learning and memory formation and highlights Using a challenging behavioural test (a modified the potential of stimulating neurogenesis as a version of the active place avoidance test), the means to enhance learning. team has direct evidence that immature neurons The paper, “Immature doublecortin-positive are required for successful acquisition of spatial hippocampal neurons are important for learning learning but are not necessary for memory retrieval. but not for remembering”, was published in the “Using a genetic technique to delete immature Journal of Neuroscience. neurons in animal models, we found they had great difficulty learning a new spatial task.

“On the other hand, if the animals needed to remember a task they had already mastered in the past, before these immature neurons were deleted, their ability to perform the task was the Though an area of the brain called the hippocampus same – so, they had remembered the task they learned earlier,” Dr Vukovic explained. is known to be important for learning and memory, exactly how the cells in this region are involved in these Importantly, the observed learning deficits were rescued as newly generated immature neurons processes has remained an area of intense research. repopulated the ablated area once the toxin treatment ceased. New neurons are continually produced in the brain throughout life, and pass through If the pool of immature neurons was deleted a number of developmental stages before again and the mice challenged with a novel becoming fully mature. spatial learning task, the behavioural deficits were again evident. A recent discovery from the Bartlett laboratory has demonstrated precisely when these neurons “The new neurons appear particularly important become important for learning in adult animals. for the brain to detect subtle but critical

Above: Section through the mouse hippocampus, showing immature, doublecortin-positive neurons (red) and activated, Arc-positive neurons (green) in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus. Far left: Dr Jana Vukovic.

DISCOVERY 9 "Discovering how nerve cells process Discovery information is fundamental to understanding how we learn"

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Shedding light on brain computations

a 1 2 3 4 b 20 mV 1

Dendrite operation of neuronal networks has remained the dendritic tree, a finding which highlights Soma Preferred 4 elusive,” Associate Professor Williams said. the key function that dendrites play in brain direction computations,” Associate Professor Williams said. “We used multi-site electrophysiological recording 100 μm 0.5 ms techniques to demonstrate that active dendritic Discovering how nerve cells process information integration underlies the computation of direction is fundamental to understanding how we learn, selectivity in rabbit retinal ganglion cells.” and to developing new strategies to enhance learning in education and in disease processes in The retina, a thin neuronal network located at the back To gain greater insight, the group measured the brain. of the eye, transforms light input into patterns of action electrical activity from multiple sites in retinal potential output, signalling key aspects of visual stimuli to ganglion cells when visual stimuli moved The paper was published in the prestigious higher visual centres. The mechanisms underlying such retinal through space. journal Nature Neuroscience. neuronal computations are, however, poorly understood. “The retina is an ideal system to investigate the role of active dendritic integration in neuronal Using advanced electrical recording techniques, circuit function, because this network can Dr Ben Sivyer and Associate Professor Stephen be maintained intact in a dish and retains its Williams have discovered how electrical activity responsiveness to natural stimuli,” he said. in the dendrites - the thin cable-like extensions of Whilst it has long been known that the retinal neurons - of a class of retinal ganglion cell is used network extracts and signals specific aspects to compute the directional movement of light. of visual stimuli, the new work is the first to “Our work over the last ten years has shown discover how such responses are computed. that dendrites provide neurons with powerful “We found that retinal ganglion cells compute information processing capabilities, however the the direction of light stimuli through exquisitely Above: Light-evoked dendritic function of dendritic processing in the real-time controlled local integration compartments in spike generation in a direction selective retinal ganglion cell. Far left: Associate Professor Stephen Williams.

DISCOVERY 11 "The evidence suggests that the biological clock ticks for

Discovery men and not just for women"

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Older grandfathers pass on autism risk through generations

The researchers used Swedish national registers, Professor McGrath said this Swedish study and identified 5,936 individuals with autism and suggested that some of these new mutations 30,923 healthy controls born in Sweden since 1932. could skip a generation.

“We had complete data on each individual’s “The new findings suggest that these ‘silent’ parents’ and grandfathers’ age of reproduction,” mutations are passed on to the otherwise Professor McGrath said. healthy child, but may influence the risk of future generations developing autism.” The study found men who had a child when they were 50 years or older had about a 70 per cent Dr Avi Reichenberg, from IoP and co-author of increased risk of having a grandchild with autism the paper, said the research provided evidence compared to men who had children when they on how fathers’ and grandfathers’ lifestyle were 20-24. choices affected the following generations.

Professor McGrath said the evidence suggests “This doesn’t mean that you shouldn’t have that the biological clock ticks for men and not children if your grandfather was old when he had just for women. your father or mother, because while the risk is increased, it is still small,” Dr Reichenberg said. “Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors,” Professor McGrath said. “However, the findings are important in understanding the complex way in which autism “Previous studies have shown that older paternal Men who have children at older ages are more likely to develops.” age is a risk factor for autism in children: fathers have grandchildren with autism compared to younger aged 50 or older have a more than double the Recent reports have also suggested that the grandfathers, according to a joint international study. risk of having a child diagnosed with autism prevalence of autism spectrum disorder may be compared to younger fathers. increasing.

“The mechanism behind this link is unknown, but In Australia, one child in 160 is diagnosed with The study, a collaboration between Professor may be explained by mutations occurring in the autism and it was four times more common in John McGrath and researchers from King’s male sperm cells. boys than girls. College London’s Institute of Psychiatry (IoP) and Karolinska Institute in Sweden, shows for the “Sperm cells divide over time, and on each division first time how risk factors for autism with older there is an increased risk of new mutations being fathers may accumulate and be passed down to introduced.” the grandchildren.

Above: Professor John McGrath. Far left: Henry Simila, McGrath laboratory.

DISCOVERY 13 14

QBI ANNUALQBI REPORT Discovery axonal degeneration occurs" "This is an important step step important an is "This to fully understand how how understand fully to Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Research into axon degeneration

“This is an important step to fully understand how “This knowledge can now be used to understand axonal degeneration occurs, and thus facilitates precisely how the gene achieves this and to development of therapies to prevent or halt this discover other molecules that are used by the damaging biological event,” Dr Hilliard said. nervous system for similar protective functions,” he said. Dr Hilliard's laboratory specialises in neuronal development, and focusses on how nerves both “We can now start to look into means of bypassing degenerate and regenerate. the function of mec-17, such as activating other genes or alternative mechanisms that can protect The team found that the protein MEC-17 protects the nervous system from damage.” the neuron by stabilising its cytoskeletal structure, allowing proper transport of essential molecules Previous research has shown that mec-17 is and organelles, including mitochondria, conserved across species, including humans, throughout the axon. suggesting a possible shared function of protection. This discovery also has the potential to accelerate the identification of human neurodegenerative “We identified mec-17 from a genetic screening conditions caused by mutations in genes similar method aimed at identifying molecules to mec-17. that cause axonal degeneration when they become inactive through genetic mutations,” “It’s our hope that this could one day lead to more A significant discovery at QBI could one day halt a Dr Neumann said. number of neurodegenerative diseases, with the effective treatments for patients suffering from conditions causing neuronal degeneration,” Dr This project was conducted in the tiny nematode identification of a gene that protects against spontaneous, Hilliard said. Caenorhabditis elegans, which is a very powerful adult-onset, progressive nerve degeneration. genetic model system commonly used for This discovery highlights the neuron’s longest addressing and understanding neurobiology process, the axon, as a major focal point for the questions at a basic biological level. Dr Massimo Hilliard said that the discovery health of the neuron. of gene mec-17 causing axon (nerve fibre) The project was funded by the National Health Findings of the research have been published in degeneration could open the door to better and Medical Research Council and an Australian journal Cell Reports, and lead author Dr Brent understand the mechanisms of neuronal Research Council Future Fellowship. Neumann anticipates that the research into the injury and neurodegenerative diseases gene will soon lead to further discoveries. characterised by axonal pathology, such as motor neuron disease, Parkinson’s, “This study demonstrates that mec-17 normally Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s diseases. functions to protect the nervous system from damage,” Dr Neumann said. Above: Mutations in the mec-17 gene cause neuronal fibres to break and degenerate. Far left: Dr Brent Neumann (L) and Dr Massimo Hilliard (R).

DISCOVERY 15 Discovery

"There are overrepresented patterns of gene variations that define differences between disorders"

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Study reveals molecular networks of mental health disorders

Many studies have identified genes associated screening of families with a neurodevelopment with these mental health disorders, albeit this disorder and help in the early diagnosis and is often done in a piecemeal fashion with little clinical intervention for one to two per cent of regard to the inherent molecular complexity. children with autism. Identifying the unique pathogenetic profile for individuals affected by a The international research team led by QBI disorder will also greatly facilitate the accurate scientists sought to abstract the detailed application of therapeutics. molecular relationships of disorder genes to Early diagnosis and intervention of neurodevelopmental understand the impact of DNA variations on The molecular network approach AXAS™ is now and psychiatric disorders could be made possible after QBI biological pathways and process at the whole being used by the Autism Cooperative Research genome level. Centre Ltd (Australia) in collaboration with the scientists discovered the molecular networks that underpin Sick Kids Hospital Toronto Canada to analyse The discovery of a large gene network comprised autism, X-linked intellectual disability (XLID), attention genome sequence information from 6,500 of over 4,000 genes was used to successfully deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia. families with autism. predict association of genetic screening data with This study represents a step forward in understanding each disorder. The study shows that although the causal basis of these principally genetic disorders. genetic variations converge in some functional pathways, including how nerve cells connect Associate Professor Claudianos and his team used (synapses), there are overrepresented patterns of complex network concepts and computational gene variations that define differences between methods to investigate whether hundreds of disorders. genes associated with these conditions were The research paves the way for a ‘gene network related through mechanisms of gene regulation Above: Schematic representation of the AXAS™ model’ that can potentially be used to analyse and functional protein–protein interactions. network comprised of over 4,000 genes that the many DNA variations detected from genomic identified molecular pathways and processes overrepresented in four different neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders: autism (blue), XLID (magenta), ADHD (yellow) and schizophrenia (green). This gene network model provides a means to associate genetic screening data with brain disorders. Far left: Associate Professor Charles Claudianos.

DISCOVERY 17 18 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Beth Kita, Goodhill laboratory.

DISCOVERY 19 RESEARCH

Dr Joe Li, Götz laboratory.

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Research

QBI is a world-leading research facility whose staff are committed to discovering the fundamental mechanisms regulating brain function.

QBI's research provides the opportunity to address the overwhelming tide of neurological disease and mental ill health in the community.

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 21 Laboratory Head Professor Perry Bartlett

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Perry Bartlett, Daniel Blackmore, Lavinia Codd, Dhanisha Jhaveri, Jing Lu, Cornel Mirciov, Estella Newcombe, Gregory Robinson, Sophie Tajouri, Chanel Taylor, Jana Vukovic, Jing Zhao. Not pictured: Weichuan Mo (based in China), Imogen O’Keeffe.Background: A differentiated neurosphere, grown from a single stem cell, showing glial cells (orange), neurons (red) and cell nuclei (blue).

Neurogenic regulation of cognition Professor Perry Bartlett’s laboratory is dedicated without affecting the rest of the cell population, now focussed on identifying the factors that to understanding the mechanisms that drive they were able to show that loss of these cells can trigger activation and production of these the continuous production of new neurons resulted in a failure of the mice to perform well in newborn neurons. in a region of the adult brain known as the a hippocampal-dependent spatial learning task Also in 2013, the Bartlett laboratory continued compared to normal animals. Once these cells hippocampus. This process, called neurogenesis, their research into the treatment of spinal were allowed to regenerate, the mice performed slows as we age, and this loss of neurons has cord injury. In work published in The Journal as well as they had done prior to the immature been associated with a loss of cognitive function. of Neurotrauma, the group demonstrated that neurons being ablated. Interestingly, the group blocking the activity of the EphA4 receptor In a study published in The Journal of also demonstrated that though important for using the competitive antagonist, EphA4-Fc, in Neuroscience in 2013, the Bartlett laboratory memory, these immature neurons were not a rat model of contusive spinal cord injury sig- demonstrated the importance of immature necessary for recall of a familiar spatial task. This nificantly improved recovery of motor function adult-born neurons to the learning process. By work is important for the future development after injury. developing a mouse model in which they could of means to stimulate neurogenesis to alleviate specifically delete these immature neurons, learning deficits. The Bartlett laboratory is EMX1-positive cells (green) in the CA3 region of the mouse hippocampus.

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Laboratory Head Dr Timothy Bredy

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Timothy Bredy, Danay Baker-Andresen, Charlotte Flavell, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira, Xiang Li, Vikram Ratnu, Paola Spadaro, Wei Wei, Jocelyn Widagdo. Not pictured: Conor Murphy, Bibi Badril, Elliot Lambert, Vy Truong. Background: Lentiviral-mediated transfer of Tet3 shRNA in to the prefrontal cortex.

Epigenetic mechanisms regulating memory

The extinction of conditioned fear, the lifespan. The group is particularly interested BDNF signalling can overcome sex differences reduction in responding to a feared cue when in how epigenetic mechanisms, including in fear-related learning. These findings have the cue is repeatedly presented without any DNA methylation, histone modifications and significant implications for the development of adverse consequence, is an important model the activity of non-coding RNAs regulate the novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Like formation and maintenance of memory. fear-related anxiety disorders. Finally, recent work other forms of learning, long-lasting memory on a novel DNA modification, 5-hydroxymethyl- 2013 was a productive year for the laboratory, for fear extinction depends on coordinated cytosine, and a new method for genome-wide which published two important review articles gene expression and the synthesis of new profiling of this epigenetic mark have received on DNA methylation and neural plasticity synaptic proteins. This process involves a positive reviews with invitations to present their in the journals Trends in Neurosciences and tightly controlled interplay between transcrip- work at the Society for Neuroscience annual Neurobiology of Learning and Memory. In other tional machinery and enzymes that regulate meeting as well as the Society for Biological work, which appeared in the journal Learning chromatin structure. Research in the Bredy Psychiatry and the American College of Neu- and Memory, the group demonstrated that the laboratory is elucidating how the genome ropsychopharmacology meetings. gene encoding BDNF is differentially methylated is connected to the environment, and how in the male and female cortex and that targeting Word cloud describing the group's this relationship shapes behaviour across the recent research focus in epigenetics.

RESEARCH 23 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Thomas Burne

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Thomas Burne, Suzy Alexander, Natalie Groves, Lachlan Harris, Pauline Ko, Emilia Lefevre, Aung Aung Moe, Chris Simpson, Karly Turner. Not pictured: James Peak, Michelle Sanchez Vega. Background: Translational research is being improved by developing a novel perceptual decision-making task for use in animal models based on the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. Here the rodent learns the rule about the stimuli and receptacle pairing, responding to the correct side to receive a food reward.

Behaviour and brain function in animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders Associate Professor Thomas Burne’s group research showing that low prenatal vitamin results provide the first evidence in mice to show studies brain development and behaviour in D (the ‘sunshine hormone’) is associated with that adult vitamin D deficiency impacts on neuro- animal models. The group is focussed on investi- alterations in behaviour, brain neurochemistry transmitter systems that are affected in a number gating the underlying biological basis for schizo- and receptor profile associated with vitamin D of neuropsychiatric conditions, including autism, phrenia, with the goal of finding public health deficiency in animal models. Ongoing National schizophrenia and depression. interventions that will alleviate the burden of this Health and Medical Research Council funding disease. The group has been exploring the impact allows the group to dissect the exact neural The team is also trying to create and validate a of developmental vitamin D deficiency on brain pathways involved in cognitive impairments unique cognitive task for rodents that mirrors the development, the impact of adult vitamin D of attentional processing in developmentally continuous performance task in humans. While deficiency on brain function and behaviour and, vitamin D deficient rats to model the cognitive there are a number of cognitive tests currently more recently, establishing novel ways to assess symptoms of schizophrenia. The Burne group in use, the results are difficult to translate. The cognitive behaviour in rodents. has now shown that low vitamin D levels during group’s goal is to provide a novel tool for cognitive In 2013, the Burne group, in collaboration adulthood affects the balance of excitatory and research in rodents and to uncover more about Hippocampal neurogenesis is with Associate Professor Darryl Eyles and inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain, as well the pathophysiology and drug treatment of maintained throughout life. How Professor John McGrath, built on its previous as altering cognitive behaviour in rodents. These cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. adult vitamin D deficiency impacts on this process is being explored.

24 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Associate Professor Thomas Burne holds a conjoint appointment with Queensland Health. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Dr Allen Cheung

2013 Laboratory Members top-bottom: Allen Cheung, Ashvin Srinivasan. Not pictured: Matthew Kennett, Zoltán Kósci. Background: Idiothetic localisation in bounded spaces.

Understanding the brain computations needed for spatial navigation The core research of Dr Cheung’s laboratory is navigation is prone to noise, which leads to errors In a recent collaboration with Professor Pankaj aimed at understanding the fundamental brain in navigation. Sah’s laboratory, in vivo recordings were computations required for spatial navigation. performed in the brains of freely moving rats. Spatial navigation is one of the oldest and It was previously unknown how cumulative errors A digital wireless system was used to record most widespread brain functions in the animal affect uncertainty during path integration along the spikes from individual neurons in the rat’s kingdom. The cells, circuits and computations the types of tortuous paths that foraging animals hippocampus while it foraged in a large outdoor required for animals to search for resources, take. Recent mathematical modelling work arena. Recently, place fields have been identified return home, and go back to those resources from the Cheung laboratory showed that path using this system. Exciting opportunities and later, are subjects of intense research worldwide. tortuosity has a surprising effect on positional challenges lie ahead to develop the experimental uncertainty – the more tortuous a path, the less Path integration is one strategy used by and theoretical tools to study the rodent brain in vertebrates and invertebrates alike, and may uncertainty. The effect was pronounced when larger, more naturalistic environments. animals only used internal cues. These results be the common ‘scaffold’ required for spatial Research from the Cheung laboratory was show that the path taken by an animal could navigation. It is the process whereby estimated published in the Journal of Theoretical Biology self-motion is integrated over time to yield significantly change its navigation performance, in 2013. an approximate vector between the starting with implications for the design and interpreta- Illustration of path tortuosity and positional estimation errors. location and current location. This form of tion of experiments.

RESEARCH 25 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Charles Claudianos

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Charles Claudianos, Joon An, Stephanie Biergans, Ming-yu Chen, Alexandre Cristino, Nivetha Gunasekaran, Shao-chang Huang, Aoife Larkin. Not pictured: Flavia Freitas, Sarah Williams. Background: MicroRNAs found to be upregulated (a) during olfactory learning and memory in the honeybee showing localisation of miR-932 and miR-210 is associated with higher brain centres (b & c).

Senses and synapses The Claudianos laboratory uses a ‘genome connection between neurons affect brain function. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schiz- to phenome’ approach, whereby genome Molecules involved in synapse development such ophrenia are underpinned by an interconnected sequence information is used to abstract a as neurexin and neuroligin head a list of causative molecular network of causal genes (Molecular molecular basis for mental health disorder. The molecular associations in the pathogenesis of Psychiatry). Together with collaborators from biological relevance of human genetic variations autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The group the University of Western Australia and the is examined using simple model species such use systems biology and complex network Telethon Institute, the laboratory completed the as Drosophila and the honeybee. The goal is to approaches to abstract a molecular basis for first whole genome sequence (exome) analysis unravel how polygenic DNA variations that often human mental health disorders that provides a of Australian autism families. The project was occur in synaptic molecules contribute to physi- ‘hypothesis’ to assess genetic screening data from part of a successful Cooperative Research Centre ological and behavioural deficits that characterise affected individuals. They can then functionally application for ‘Living with Autism Spectrum disorders like autism. characterise these molecules in the laboratory Disorders’ that received $32 million from the using small animal models. Australian Federal Government, which helped A major aim of the laboratory is to characterise key establish Autism CRC Ltd. The Claudianos molecular processes involved in neurodevelop- In 2013, the Claudianos group showed neurode- Networks of causal DNA variations laboratory leads the genetic screening projects ment and synapse development. Many data now velopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders detected from whole genome (exome) associated with this national initiative. show that a loss of synapses or aberrant synaptic such as autism, X-linked intellectual disability, sequencing of individual autism families that cluster in pathways associated with neurodevelopment.

26 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Associate Professor Helen Cooper

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Helen Cooper, Charlotte Clark, Jayani Hewage, Natalie Lee, Conor O’Leary, Amanda White. Not pictured: Michael Langford. Background: The birth of individual neuron populations in the embryonic mouse cortex. Neogenin (green) is localised to the junctions (red) between cells.

Molecular mechanisms regulating new neurons in the brain Cortical malformations are responsible for up stem cell niche, resulting in the formation cell cycle. Therefore, Neogenin is a key regulator to 40 per cent of drug-resistant childhood of cortical malformations. Strikingly, these of neurogenesis in both the embryo and adult. epilepsies and often cause mild to severe mental phenotypes closely parallel those seen in The Cooper laboratory has also identified a retardation. The aetiology of these syndromes humans, thereby implicating Neogenin in the second receptor, the Wnt receptor, Ryk, as a key is linked to the disruption of neural stem cell aetiology of human cortical malformations. control point in the decision of newborn cortical function and the failure to adopt the correct Recent experiments suggest that Neogenin is neurons to adopt the correct identity – an neuronal identity within the embryonic cortex. part of the trafficking machinery that replenishes essential requirement for the development of a Identification of the aberrant mechanisms important cell surface proteins that anchor fully integrated and functioning neocortex. They responsible for these devastating malformations neural stem cells to their local environment. have uncovered evidence that Ryk mutations will reveal fundamental insights into the patho- Disruption of this stem cell architecture leads to a lead to neuron mis-specification and inappro- physiology of cortical malformations at both the failure in neuron production. Studies in the adult priate positioning within the developing cortex. molecular and cellular levels. neural stem cell niche have further revealed that Similar disruptions in humans have profound The Cooper laboratory has discovered that this important receptor also regulates the birth consequences for neocortical function and The spectrum of colours reveals the diversity of pyramidal neuron mutations in the cell surface receptor, Neogenin, of new neurons in the adult brain by controlling have been linked to schizophrenia, epilepsy and subtypes in the developing severely disrupt the structure of the embryonic the ability of stem cells to progress through the mental retardation. mouse neocortex.

RESEARCH 27 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Elizabeth Coulson

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Elizabeth Coulson, Fabienne Alfonsi, Earlene Ashton, Zoran Boskovic, Georg Kerbler, Dusan Matusica, Linda May, Nika Mohannak, Nick Palstra, Lei Qian, Bree Rumballe, Aanchal Sharma, Sune Skeldal, Toni Turnbull. Not pictured: Mirela Wagner. Background: Virtual maze.

Measuring neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease through navigation task The Coulson laboratory is investigating why loss of these neurons has already occurred in the cognitive impairment, the prelude to AD. certain neurons die in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) majority of AD patients prior to treatment and The Coulson laboratory also teamed-up with and how that affects cognition. Work focusses because these drugs are only efficacious while collaborators Drs Hort and Lazco at Charles on the p75 neurotrophin receptor and its role the neurons are alive, it is not surprising the in neuronal loss. By blocking signalling through treatment is of limited value. University in the Czech Republic, who had this receptor, nerve cell degeneration in the basal developed dead reckoning-style spatial memory The Coulson group asked if basal forebrain forebrain in an animal model could be stopped. tests for humans. Joint studies have revealed that function, assessed by cognitive testing, could be this test might be useful in assessing the efficacy The basal forebrain is important for learning and used as an earlier indicator of dementia. Using of current AD treatments or novel treatments memory and is known to be selectively lost early mouse models they discovered that the basal which, like blocking P75 neurotrophin receptor in AD. The only class of drugs currently given to forebrain is important for spatial processing cell death signalling, aim to stop degeneration AD patients and shown to be effective at slowing used in a certain type of navigation sometimes of the basal forebrain neurons and restore the cognitive decline in clinical trials increases the referred to as dead reckoning. These findings are cognitive deficits that characterises dementia. 3D representation of cholinergic basal of particular significance as poor navigation is a levels of the neurotransmitter released by the forebrain cell maps in a mouse brain (front basal forebrain neurons. However significant cognitive change observed in humans with mild view). Colours represent different subnuclei and their location in the brain.

28 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Associate Professor Ross Cunnington

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Ross Cunnington, Jeff Bednark, Veronika Halász, Vinh Nguyen, Simmy Poonian, Chase Sherwell. Not pictured: Megan Campbell, Samuel Fynes-Clinton, Jessica McFadyen, Jessica Ogden, Kelsey Palghat, Eva-Maria Reuter, Elysia Sokolenko, Michelle Steffens, Özlem Yetim.Background : When planning voluntary actions, neural activity increases in the motor cortex of the brain before movement initiation. This shows motor cortex activity increasing 200 ms before movement - that's about the fastest possible reaction time. Brain processes for human voluntary action

The Cunnington laboratory focusses on the brain kinson’s disease in which basal ganglia function are important for our ability to perceive and processes involved in perceiving and understand- is impaired. understand others’ actions through “mirroring” ing the actions of others, as well as planning and processes. Whenever we observe another preparing for our own voluntary actions. The group is also combining fMRI with direct person’s actions, gestures or emotions, their measurement of brain activity using electroen- states appear to be “mirrored” in our own brain, Brain circuits involving the motor cortex and cephalography (EEG) to model the dynamics of leading us to understand their actions, inten- deep-brain regions known as the basal ganglia brain function during action planning. Research tions and emotions through a process of simu- are crucial for the voluntary control of everyday has revealed how another deep region of the lation or mirroring. Controversially, this neural actions and for learning movement skills. The brain known as the cingulate cortex is crucial as empathy appears to be stronger when we see Activity of the brain generates very small Cunnington group is using high-resolution brain a “hub” region and drives activity in the motor people of our own race express emotion than magnetic fields that can be measured imaging with functional MRI (fMRI) to examine circuits of the brain as people plan and prepare when seeing people of a different race express with a technique known as magnetoen- how different parts of this brain circuitry are the same emotion. The Cunnington group is cephalography (MEG). This shows the for voluntary actions. important for the learning and control of examining how this bias in neural empathy or very early neural responses in the visual areas at the back of the brain when we complex movements. This is important for Research from the laboratory also examines mirroring changes with learning and familiarity see hand gesture actions, important for understanding movement disorders such as Par- how these same motor circuits of the brain with other races. understanding others' gestures.

Associate Professor Ross Cunnington holds a joint appointment with the School of Psychology. RESEARCH 29 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Darryl Eyles

B C

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Darryl Eyles, Suzy Alexander, Xiaoying Cui, Pauline Ko, David Kvaskoff, Emilia Lefevre, Leon Luan, Aung Aung Moe, Henry Simila. Not Pictured: Lachlan Ferguson, Verena Landel. Background: Fluorescence microscopy image of a coronal section of the embryonic rodent midbrain showing the location of potential dopaminergic progenitor neurons (Nurr 1, red) and mature dopaminergic neurons [tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), green].

Vitamin D and brain development The Eyles laboratory focusses on how risk-factors Schizophrenia is closely associated with abnor- For 14 years the Eyles group has explored the role for schizophrenia, such as developmental vitamin malities in dopamine transmission. The group’s of vitamin D in the developing brain and how D (DVD) deficiency, change brain development. work in DVD-deficient animals confirms there are DVD-deficiency may affect brain function and The group has developed an extremely sensitive early abnormalities in dopamine development behaviour in adult offspring. With National Health LC/MS/MS assay for vitamin D species in blood spot and turnover, and its work in human cell systems and Medical Research Council funding success in cards. This assay allowed the 2010 landmark study describes the direct control vitamin D exerts over 2013, the group intends to expand the scope of its implicating low maternal levels of vitamin D as a dopamine production via the vitamin D receptor. existing animal model in two critical ways. Firstly, the group will examine the effect of varying the risk factor for schizophrenia to be conducted. The The group fast-tracks discoveries regarding duration and level of DVD-deficiency duration group is now examining the relationship between abnormal dopamine ontogeny in rodent models A) Western blot showing that vitamin D on brain development and function. Secondly, DVD-deficiency and autism. Wide-spread in- into other model systems, including the fruit fly dose dependently facilitates the production the group will examine whether abnormalities ternational interest led to discussions with the and zebrafish. Collectively, the work represents a of the dopamine-synthesising enzyme, in the ontogeny of dopamine systems observed tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in a human National Institute of Standards and Technologies synthesis of the two major theories of schizophre- in DVD-deficient animals are shared by other neuronal cell system. B) Image showing in Washington regarding the production of blood nia, the “dopamine hypothesis” and the “neu- presence of TH (red) in a human neuroblas- prominent animal models of this disease. spot standard reference material to use this assay rodevelopmental hypothesis” into the “dopamine toma cell line in the absence of vitamin D. C) Image showing increased number of TH in paediatric settings internationally. ontogeny hypothesis of schizophrenia”. positive cells (red) in a human neuroblastoma cell line in the presence of vitamin D.

30 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Associate Professor Darryl Eyles holds a joint appointment with Queensland Health. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Geoffrey Goodhill

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Geoffrey Goodhill, Lilach Avitan, Kelsey Chalmers, Richard Faville, Nicholas Hughes, Elizabeth Kita, Huyen Nguyen, Zac Pujic, Biao Sun, Daniel Sutherland. Not Pictured: Brendan Bicknell. Background: Calcium distribution inside a growing nerve fibre.

Computational, systems and developmental neuroscience Professor Goodhill’s laboratory is interested in system. The laboratory recently developed tive understanding of the role growth cone shape how brains process information, particularly a theoretical model to understand quantita- plays in effective axon guidance. during development. This includes how growing tively how levels of calcium and cAMP in axons nerve fibres (axons) use molecular cues to make determine whether they are attracted or repelled The group is also using fluorescent labelling tech- guidance decisions, how map-like representa- by guidance cues. The model made surprising niques to visualise the simultaneous activity of tions of visual inputs form in the optic tectum predictions that the group confirmed experimen- many neurons in the developing zebrafish brain in and visual cortex, and how these maps code tally. This may help to explain the behaviour of response to simple visual stimuli. By using math- sensory information. The laboratory is address- developing and regenerating axons in vivo. ematical techniques from statistics and informa- ing these questions using a combination of The laboratory has also investigated the shape of tion theory, it is then possible to predict how the experimental, mathematical and computational growth cones, the structures at the tip of develop- zebrafish could optimally decode these patterns techniques. Members of the group come from ing axons. This morphology is complex and highly of activity in order to determine what visual diverse backgrounds, including biology, math- dynamic but the significance of these changes for ematics, physics and computer science. stimulus was actually present. A better under- either the sensory or motor roles of growth cones standing of neural decoding is important for opti- One area of focus for the laboratory is how nerve is mostly unknown. Sophisticated mathematical mising the design of brain-computer interfaces. fibres are guided by molecular gradients to find techniques for characterising shape in general Receptive fields of visual neurons predicted appropriate targets in the developing nervous have been adapted to develop a more quantita- from a mathematical model.

Professor Geoffrey Goodhill holds a joint appointment with the School of Mathematics and Physics. RESEARCH 31 Laboratory Head Professor Jürgen Götz

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Jürgen Götz, Sian Baker, J Bertran-Gonzalez, Xia Di, Harrison Evans, Hon Mun Lee, Gerhard Leinenga, Jing Lu, Miriam Matamales, Rebecca Nisbet, Tishila Palliyaguru, Linda Wernbacher. Not pictured: Nadia Cummins, Julia Gutmann, Henry Harding, Chuanzhou (Joe) Li, Juan-Carlos Polanco, Zoe Wood. Background: Analysis of murine brain sections with antibodies raised against specific tau isoforms (0N, 1N and 2N) reveals a distinct subcellular staining pattern.

Mechanisms of neurodegeneration and therapies At present there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease developing therapies for treatment. The group also succeeded in establishing the and other forms of dementia. This poses an un- gene editing method TALEN in the laboratory. Following on from the discovery that tau causes a precedented social and economic challenge to Furthermore, they established a novel protocol, pathological elongation of mitochondria (Neuron, Australia, a country with the second highest life using ultrasound and microbubbles, which 2012), Professor Götz and colleagues provided an expectancy worldwide. enables them to open the blood-brain barrier integrated view of their findings in the journal In the Götz laboratory, which forms part of the Trends in Neurosciences (2013). In work published transiently, allowing drugs of a defined size to Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, in the journal Neurobiology of Aging (2013), enter the mouse brain. there are four major streams of research: (1) un- Professor Götz and his colleagues at the University A highlight of 2013 was the 7th Alzheimer’s + derstanding pathogenic mechanisms of key of Cologne showed that the tyrosine kinase Pyk2 Parkinson’s Disease Symposium that was players in dementia, such as the microtubule- becomes activated in neurons with tau pathology. organised by Professor Götz, and was this year associated protein tau or the kinase Fyn; (2) In a signalling cascade, Pyk2 activates the serine/ held at QBI. With 175 registered delegates and understanding the physiological role of proteins threonine kinase GSK3 to phosphorylate tau at international speakers from the USA, Germany implicated in disease; (3) developing novel pathological epitopes. Interestingly, the gene and China, the conference was hailed as a success. Palmitoylation, and therefore methods to visualise de novo protein synthesis encoding Pyk2 is one of the recently identified membrane association, is required and of delivering drugs to the brain; and (4) novel Alzheimer’s disease risk genes. for the localisation of Fyn into dendritic spines.

32 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Dr Massimo Hilliard

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Massimo Hilliard, Justin Chaplin, Sean Coakley, Alessandra Donato, Rosina Giordano, Rhianna Knable, Casey Linton, Ellen Meelkop, Paula Mugno, Brent Neumann, Annika Nichols, Nicholas Valmas. Not pictured: Laura Frederiksen, Joseph Yunis. Background: C. elegans being targeted by a light stimulus to induce neuronal inactivation. Inactivation of selected neurons in vivo can define their contribution to specific developmental outcomes, circuit functions, and behaviours. The optogenetic tool KillerRed can selectively, rapidly, and permanently inactivate different classes of neurons. Williams et al., Cell Reports, 2013 (Image: Nick Valmas, Dee McGrath and Sean Coakley.) Axonal development, regeneration, and degeneration The Hilliard laboratory is interested in understand- critical signals for axon formation (Molecular protective function for MEC-17, an alpha-tubulin ing how axons (nerve fibres conducting impulses Biology of the Cell, 2013). acetyltransferase, which acts by stabilising from the neuron) develop and are guided to the cytoskeleton allowing proper transport of The axon is the neuron’s longest process, but the their targets. The group investigates how axonal molecules and organelles throughout the axon mechanisms that allow it to maintain its structural structure is maintained over time, and how it can (Cell Reports, 2013b). be repaired after injury. integrity, or facilitate repair following injury, are still poorly understood. Reactive oxygen species Using laser-based technology to axotomise single Neurons are highly polarised cells with neurites, (ROS) are major neuronal damaging components neurons in C. elegans, the Hilliard group has dendrites and an axon, forming distinct morpho- generated in a number of neurodegenerative characterised neuronal regeneration in different logical and functional domains. How a neuron conditions. In a collaborative project, the Hilliard A Caenorhabditis elegans classes of sensory neurons. In earlier work decides on the number of neurites to extend is not group has developed an approach to generate mechanosensory neuron they demonstrated that axonal regeneration well understood. Using Caenorhabditis elegans ROS in selective classes of neurons, making it expressing GFP undergoes axonal mechanosensory neurons as a model system, the can occur as a result of axonal fusion, when degeneration due to a mutation possible to determine the molecular mechanisms Hilliard group has discovered MEC-7/ß-tubulin, a two separated axonal fragments re-attach and in the gene mec-17, which has an underlying ROS-mediated degeneration (Cell component of the microtubules, to have a critical restore the original axonal tract (Developmental axonal protective effect. Neumann Reports, 2013a). & Hilliard, Cell Reports, 2013. role in this process. These results support the Dynamics, 2011). In 2013, they identified some of (Image: Brent Neumann). emerging evidence that microtubules provide More recently, the team has uncovered an axonal the molecules that regulate this process.

RESEARCH 33 Laboratory Head Professor Tianzi Jiang

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Tianzi Jiang, Yonghui Li, Cirong Liu, Tong Wu, Xianfeng Yang. Background: 3D presentation of binary connective matrixes; adapted from Li et al., Cerebral Cortex, 2013.

Mapping human and animal brain networks with neuroimaging Convergent evidence has shown that brain 2013, their research mainly involved the mouse malities can be detected in one of their DISC1 functions can manifest on brain networks on brainnetome, focussing on the Disrupted-In- transgenic mouse strains, in which human mutant different scales, and that the brain malfunctions Schizophrenia-1 (DISC1) gene. DISC1 plays critical DISC1 is expressed under the control of the prion associated with most psychiatric disorders are roles in neurodevelopment by regulating protein promoter (Prp-DN-DISC1). The group the result of faulty brain networks. neurogenesis, migration, and dendrite/spine observed abnormal behavioural performances density via its interaction with many other in the transgenic animals by open-field, Y-maze The “brainnetome” (www.brainnetome.org) is proteins. However, the roles of the DISC1 in white and fear-conditioning tests and abnormal brain an emerging avenue to integrate the multi-level matter development, oligodendrocyte differen- structures were found to be associated with network features obtained with various functional tiation and myelination are unclear, despite the the behavioural phenotypes. Most importantly, and anatomical brain imaging technologies on Results of track-density analysis fact that DISC1 is a promising risk gene for many the abnormalities were only observed in DISC1 based on diffusion MRI in isolated groups different scales. mental illnesses associated with white matter transgenic mice that went through social (wild-type verses DISC1 mice). In each The Jiang laboratory is studying basic theory, abnormities and disconnection syndromes. By isolation during adolescence postnatal day 35 subfigure, the left shows clusters that have a significant difference (P<0.005, methodologies and algorithms underpinning sending the same animals through behavioural to 56, suggesting the “Gene & Environment” uncorrected, cluster size > 0.1 mm3), while the brainnetome platform, and their applications and neuroimaging examinations, the Jiang interaction may underlie a variety of neuropsy- the right shows the average track-density in neurological and psychiatric diseases. In laboratory have shown that significant abnor- chiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. of each cluster after being inverse- transformed back into the native space.

34 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Professor Tianzi Jiang holds a joint appointment with the Centre for Advanced Imaging. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Joe Lynch

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Joe Lynch, Anna Bode, Christine Dixon, Justine Haddrill, Angelo Keramidas, Han Lu, Suzanne Scott, Ming Shiuan, Sahil Talwar, Azra Zamri. Not Pictured: Sharifun Islam, Robi Islam, Yan Zhang. Background: A molecular model of a glycine receptor showing how hyperekplexia mutations affect their structure and function.

Targeting inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in neurological disorders The Lynch laboratory’s major research interest Chronic inflammatory pain is caused by the those glycine receptors that are modulated by concerns the molecular structure and function prostaglandin-induced phosphorylation of a pain. The laboratory is currently attempting to of the glycine and GABAA receptor chloride type of glycine receptor found in pain sensory design such drugs. channels that mediate inhibitory neurotrans- neurons in the spinal cord. These ‘pain-modu- Hyperekplexia (or startle disease) is a rare mission in the brain. The GABA receptor is an lated’ or phosphorylated receptors represent a A human neurological disorder that produces an important therapeutic target for sedative and promising therapeutic target for chronic pain, exaggerated startle in response to unexpected anxiolytic drugs and the glycine receptor has but the problem has always been to prevent auditory or tactile stimuli. In collaboration with recently emerged as a therapeutic target for the drugs from affecting normal phosphoryl- geneticists at the University of Swansea, the pain, spasticity, epilepsy and tinnitus. The Lynch ated glycine receptors. The laboratory recently laboratory has recently shown that the glycine laboratory is discovering new drugs active at showed that the phosphorylation event that receptor beta subunit is an important new protein these receptors and the molecular mechanisms underlies this pain produces a specific change in targeted by hereditary startle disease mutations. by which their structures and functions are structure of a drug binding site on this receptor. disrupted in hereditary neurological disorders. These results raise the possibility of designing A cartoon showing how pain-induced new analgesic drugs that specifically target only phosphorylation of glycine receptors produces a conformational change in the glycine binding site.

RESEARCH 35 Laboratory Head Dr Marie Mangelsdorf

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Marie Mangelsdorf, Tim Butler, Ramesh Narayanan, Jing Zhao. Not pictured: He Ji. Background: TDP-43 regulates many aspects of gene regulation, including alternative splicing. Alternative splicing is a normal process where several transcripts (isoforms) are produced from the same gene, which can encode different proteins with different cellular functions. The image shows alternative splicing that changes with disease progression in a mouse model of MND.

Genetics and molecular mechanisms of motor neuron disease

Genetic mutations have been found in familial Institute), Huji Xu (Shanghai) and Dongsheng TDP-43 mediated pre-mRNA splicing in a mouse forms of motor neuron disease (MND) and the Fan (Beijing). The group is also sequencing a model of MND using exon microarrays. Genes same mutations can be found in non-familial cohort of patients from Queensland to identify have been identified that are misspliced in cases. Currently ~60 per cent of familial cases novel disease causing genes. TDP-43 transgenic animals, prior to the onset of can be explained by a genetic mutation, MND symptoms. These genes have the potential Several of the known MND genes encode suggesting there are still more MND genes to become biomarkers of progression of MND in proteins involved in gene regulation. The group to be found. The group is using whole exome patients. The team is also collaborating with the is striving to understand the normal role of one sequencing of a large cohort of MND patients Hilliard group to study TDP-43-mediated RNA of these proteins, namely TDP-43, in the central from China to identify novel MND genes. This transport in Caenorhabditis elegans neurons nervous system, and how mutation leads to research is part of a large collaboration including to determine the role of this cellular process in disease. In work published in 2013, the group Professors Perry Bartlett and Peter Visscher and MND pathology. Whole Exome Sequencing is being used by reported mRNAs to which TDP-43 binds and the group to identify MND-causing DNA Associate Professor Naomi Wray at QBI, as well found it regulates genes involved in synaptic sequence variants in known MND genes as Professors Matt Brown (UQ's Diamantina activity. The same year the group investigated and also to discover novel MND genes. The image shows alignments of DNA sequence generated from MND patients. The top panel shows an MND variant.

36 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Justin Marshall

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Justin Marshall, Wen-Sung Chung, Angela Dean, Yakir Gagnon, Alan Goldizen, Martin How, Diana Kleine, Yi-Hsin Lee, Genevieve Phillips, Rachel Templin, Hanne Thoen. Not pictured: Karen Cheney, Fabio Cortes, Kyra Hay, Santi Krisantini, Qamar Schuyler, Anne Winters. International members/trainees: Simon Gingins, Sara Stieb, Margarete Uberfuhr. Background: The spearing mantis shrimp Lysiosquilla sulcata narrowly misses a brightly coloured damsel fish. Both animals are studied for their visual capabilities. As the mantis shrimp strikes faster than any other marine creature, it is rare for fish to escape. A systems approach to neuroscience, neuro-circuitry and information flow

As sensory neurobiologists, the Marshall and into the brain; and the resulting behaviours camouflage, sex and death on the reef through laboratory investigates the information and from this information flow. Using molecular, the fish that live there. circuitry that allows colour and polarisation anatomical, electrophysiological, physical and This comparative approach, sometimes called information to flow from the outside world, behavioural methods, the group aims to reveal Visual Ecology, yielded many exciting discoveries through the eyes and into the brain. The end the visual world of animals through the languages with over 20 publications in 2013, including work result is a decision based on the quality of light of colour and polarisation communication. appearing in Science, Current Biology, PNAS and reflected from an object; a food item, member The Marshall laboratory works with non-standard many media and public domain outlets. Talking of the opposite sex or the flash of a potential model animal systems such as crustaceans, reef to non-scientists is a priority, and collabora- predator. fish, cephalopods and turtles. The voracious tions with David Attenborough through Atlantic The laboratory takes a multi-disciplinary approach. predator, the mantis shrimp (stomatopod), is Productions, BBC, Discovery Channel NHK Research areas include the physics of light, colour a favourite as its eye has the capacity for better (Japan), along with publications for CoralWatch Close up view of mantis shrimp and polarisation; the sensory cells in the eyes of colour and polarisation vision than any animal (the group’s environmental section) and several compound eye. The six rows of enlarged invertebrates and vertebrates; neural connection known so far. The group also investigates the mainstream magazines and newspapers facets in the mid-band area contain and informational translation behind the eye beautiful world of colour communication, showcase the group’s work to the public. many specialised photoreceptors for colour and polarisation vision.

RESEARCH 37 Laboratory Head Professor Jason Mattingley

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Jason Mattingley, Oliver Baumann, Luca Cocchi, Daina Dickins, Eve Dupierrix, Hannah Filmer, Marta Garrido, Oscar Jacoby, Marc Kamke, David Lloyd, Natasha Matthews, Claire Naughtin, David Painter, Martin Sale, Susan Travis, Lisa Wittenhagen. Not pictured: Michael Dwyer, Michelle Hall, William Harrison, Luke Hearne, Sang Hoon Jee, Abbey Nydam, Cooper Smout, Amy Taylor, Joe Wagner. Background: Yellow concentric circles, crosshairs and red spot help an experimenter guide a TMS coil into position on a human volunteer's head. The underlying grey area shows the brain's cortical surface as visualised with magnetic resonance imaging. Brain oscillations reveal how we see Researchers from the Mattingley group experimental approach, David also recorded “see” in the absence of direct visual input. made several important discoveries in 2013 how the brain responds to visual information about how the human visual system works, in following localised damage caused by stroke, a Sometimes the brain produces visual health and disease. discovery that has important implications for re- experiences that have no basis in reality. Dr habilitation therapy. Michael Dwyer used EEG to characterise changes PhD student David Painter developed a in the brains of individuals who experience visual novel method for recording stimulus-evoked In further work, Masters student Lisa hallucinations due to macular degeneration (an oscillations in brain activity in human volunteers Wittenhagen used EEG to measure how visual acquired loss of central vision due to damage to using electroencephalography (EEG). He had areas of the brain represent elements of a scene the light sensitive retina in the eye). He showed, participants identify briefly flashed coloured that are momentarily occluded from view, such targets in the centre of a cluttered display, while as when we see a cyclist pass behind a tree. She for the first time, that visual neurons in these A human volunteer receives transcranial they ignored distracting stimuli in the periphery developed a novel protocol to identify a unique individuals are pathologically hyperactive. This magnetic stimulation (TMS) during an ex- of their visual field. He discovered that the brain activity signature in visual neurons, which arises discovery provides an important clue as to the periment on brain plasticity. The stimulating coil is guided into position on the scalp continues to respond to distracting information, when portions of an object are rendered invisible mechanisms underlying visual hallucinations, using a magnetic resonance image of the and will help guide new treatments for this but only if it shares a key feature with the target due to occlusion. This important discovery volunteer's own brain. Brief, high intensity stimulus, such as its colour. Using a similar provides new insights into how we continue to debilitating disorder. magnetic pulses are delivered which acti- vate neurons in the underlying cortex.

38 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Professor Jason Mattingley holds a joint appointment with the School of Psychology. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor John McGrath

2013 Laboratory Members, top-bottom: John McGrath, Henry Simila. Not pictured: Peter Josh. Background: Vitamin D is known as the ‘sunshine hormone’.

Modifiable risk factors for schizophrenia The aim of the McGrath laboratory is to explore to humans by investigating the association range of brain related outcomes (e.g. prenatal risk factors that are linked to schizophrenia. between vitamin D concentrations at birth and neonatal brain growth, childhood neuro- They focus on non-genetic factors that are and later risk of schizophrenia. Like folate and cognition, autism, schizophrenia, other mental potentially modifiable. In recent years the team spina bifida, if vitamin D is linked to the risk of disorders), (c) a wider range of epidemiologi- has been examining the impact of low vitamin schizophrenia, then it offers the opportunity cal samples (in collaboration with national and D (the ‘sunshine hormone’) during early brain to use supplements to reduce the incidence international groups), (d) explore new ways to development and on adult brain function. In col- of this disorder. The research team at QBI has combine genetic and epidemiological clues to laboration with Associate Professors Darryl Eyles pioneered this innovative hypothesis. uncover the risk architecture of brain-related and Thomas Burne, they have developed animal disorders (in collaboration with Professor Peter In 2013, Professor McGrath was awarded a models to examine the impact of low vitamin D Visscher and Associate Professor Naomi Wray), prestigious National Health and Medical during gestation on brain development. and (e) build skills related to clinical trials in Research Council John Cade Fellowship in those with Early Psychosis (in collaboration with To date, the group has clearly shown that Mental Health Research. These funds will allow the UQ Centre for Clinical Research’s Associate low vitamin D during early life alters brain the research focus to include: (a) a wider range Professor James Scott). development in rodents. However, they are of modifiable risk factors (e.g. infectious agents, now exploring whether this is also relevant stress, cannabis, vitamin D), (b) a more diverse Artwork by Glenn Brady.

Professor John McGrath holds a conjoint appointment with Queensland Health. RESEARCH 39 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Frederic Meunier*

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Frederic Meunier, Rachel Gormal, Callista Harper, Ravikiran Kasula, David Kvaskov, Regine Low, Nancy Malintan, Sally Martin, Nika Mohannak, Vinod Narayana, Tam Hong Nguyen, Shona Osborne, Andreas Papadopulos, Vanesa Tomatis, Tong (Iris) Wang. Not pictured: Adekunle Bademosi, Shi Min (Priscilla) Goh. Background: Super-resolution microscopy enables the visualisation and tracking of lipid molecules on the plasma membrane. The movements of cholera toxin, which binds to the ganglioside GM1, are shown. Studying the diffusion of these individual molecules provides information on how the plasma membrane responds to stimuli. Image: Callista Harper. The mechanism underpinning neuronal communication and survival 2013 was a year of many achievements for the pendent manner (Journal of Cell Biology). They degenerative diseases, including Charcot-Marie Meunier laboratory, including the award of two also revealed that Munc18-1 not only controls the Tooth and motor neuron disease (PLOS ONE). grants, namely a National Health and Medical delivery of Syntaxin-1 to the plasma membrane The group investigated the traffic of synthetic Research Council Project grant and an Australian but also regulates neuroexocytosis itself through self-assembling clostridial chimera neurotoxin in Research Council LIEF grant to equip QBI with a key role of its domain 3a (Journal of Cell neurons in collaboration with Professor Bazbek some of the most exciting new technologies Science). Additionally, they showed a novel type Davletov (MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, in super resolution microscopy. In 2013, the of plasticity allows filopodial extensions to create UK). They also reviewed the literature on the laboratory published eight peer-reviewed new release sites in response to secretagogue potential of blocking endocytic pathways to publications and was asked to join the Clem Jones stimulation (Journal of Neuroscience). counteract pathogens internalisation (Trends Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR). in Cell Biology) and pursued their collabora- In terms of vesicular trafficking, the Meunier tion with Professor Phillip Robinson (University The team has continued to pursue its work into laboratory demonstrated that pharmacological of Sydney) and Professor Adam McCluskey the mechanism of neuroexocytosis. This year inhibition of PIKfyve activity leads to an apopto- (University of Newcastle) on a range of highly the group published the discovery that Myosin sis-independent neuronal cell death, implicating effective dynamin inhibitors Traffic( ). VI plays a key role in capturing secretory vesicles a dysregulation of autophagy. This pathway is on the cortical actin network in an activity-de- thought to be involved in a number of neuro- Mobile autophagosomes in neuronal networks.

40 QBI ANNUAL REPORT *Promoted to Professor, effective 1 January 2014. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Bryan Mowry

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Bryan Mowry, Ilvana Dzafic, Cheryl Filippich, Javed Fowdar, Bill Mantzioris, Andrew Martin, Samuel Nayler, Kalpana Patel, Chikako Ragan, Heather Smith. Not pictured: Mahdod Eftekar, Duncan McLean. Background: White matter images using diffusion tensor imaging in a schizophrenia patient.

Psychiatric genomics The Mowry laboratory aims to identify and GWAS in homogeneous Indian and Sarawak order to establish an in vitro model of disease; functionally characterise susceptibility genes for populations, and relating the results to the (vii) immunological subtyping of schizophre- schizophrenia and related disorders. The group latest European study results; (iv) transcrip- nia cohorts; (vii) coordinating the inclusion of aims to achieve this by combining genome-wide tome-wide analysis of small non-coding RNAs Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank data in association studies (GWAS), DNA sequencing in post-mortem brain samples from schizo- the latest Psychiatric Genetics Consortium (PGS) and transcriptome profiling with neuropsycho- phrenia patients and unaffected individuals; (v) of schizophrenia. logical testing and neuroimaging in people targeted resequencing of a previously identified Highlights during the year included contributions with schizophrenia. Current studies include: (i) schizophrenia linkage region on chromosome to the latest PGC schizophrenia GWAS that has the recruitment of a large Indian case-control 1 in an Indian case-control sample, using identified in excess of 100 genetic susceptibility and family cohort in collaboration with Dr QBI’s next-generation sequencing facility; (vi) loci (due to be published in 2014), and publication Rangaswamy Thara (Schizophrenia Research whole exome sequencing of a large cohort of a perspective in Nature Genetics on the inter- Foundation, Chennai); (ii) neuroimaging and of families in order to identify de novo and pretation of de novo protein-coding mutations neuropsychological phenotyping of schizo- inherited mutations contributing to disease; in neuropsychiatric disorders. The group also phrenia patients with major copy number (vii) derivation of neuronal cells using induced Neural rosettes exhibiting expression of published a review in Schizophrenia Bulletin on core neurogenic genes, PAX6 and MASH1 variations, and comparing patients with a pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, in a the role for iPSCs in schizophrenia research. generated from schizophrenia patient matched sample of healthy individuals; (iii) subset of schizophrenia patients and controls in induced pluripotent stem cells.

Professor Bryan Mowry holds a conjoint appointment with Queensland Health. RESEARCH 41 Laboratory Head Mr Geoffrey Osborne

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405

0 2 3 4 5 10 10 10 10 IDH1 Relative Fluorescence Intensity

2013 Laboratory Members, top-bottom: Geoffrey Osborne, Anne-Sophie Bedin, Virginia Nink.Background: Flow cytometric comparison of IDH1 levels in glioma cell lines, with the proneural subtype cell line (red line), that has the highest levels of IDH1, detected above over cell lines. In this way quick comparisons yielding prognostic indications can be made. This approach is an example aimed at developing rapid prognostic indicators of patient survival. Implementing novel approaches to solve fundamental problems

As Director of Flow Cytometry for both QBI and stain putative stem cells. In 2013, the Osborne that is of both diagnostic and prognostic value. the Australian Institute for Bioengineering and group published a paper demonstrating that a On the instrumentation front, development Nanotechnology, Mr Geoffrey Osborne leads novel intracellular labelling dye, Cdy1, selectively and testing of prototype software that provides a team that provides crucial cell sorting and enriches for neural stem cells from primary the first implementation of a novel cell sorting analysis services to researchers both within QBI tissue from the mouse subventricular zone algorithm conceived at QBI has been undertaken. and across the broader university. The laboratory and hippocampal regions. The group plans to This software allows the selection of particular specialises in the analysis and separation of cells conduct further studies of brain cancer samples subsets of cells from a larger group of cells, with derived from a variety of sources such as solid utilising Cdy1. each cell having unique measured characteris- tissue, blood and cultured cell lines. Working with collaborators from the QIMR tics. The method has important applications in In 2013, investigations continued in the area Berghofer Medical Research Institute and the neuroscience and other areas of science. Custom linear optical filters in a precision of characterisation of cells from neural tissue. Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, the fabricated housing designed and built at QBI Many studies have used surface markers to Osborne group has continued to investigate the (top panel). Results generated from conventional enrich for and help purify, murine neural stem surface marker expression present on tumour bandpass filters (centre panel), with those of cells for research applications, however, there cells. It is hoped that combinations of markers the QBI designed (bottom panel) system show comparable output, however the custom filter have been few effective intracellular labels that present on these cells will provide information device can be tuned to any spectral range.

42 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Mr Geoffrey Osborne holds a joint appointment with the Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology. Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Dr Michael Piper

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Michael Piper, Joshua Eeles, Lachlan Harris, Tracey Harvey, Evelyn Heng, Chantelle Reid, Diana Vidovic. Background: Expression of the transcription NFIX (yellow) within the postnatal brain is shown in this sagittal section of a mouse brain. NFIX is expressed by neural stem cells and neurons within many regions of the brain.

Cell self-renewal and differentiation

The brain is ultimately derived from neural stem deepen our understanding of brain development scription factors repress the expression of genes cells, which differentiate to give rise to both and function, as well as to reveal the underlying central to stem cell self-renewal. Moreover, in neurons and glia within the developing and deficits in brain cancers such as glioma. To do collaboration with Professor Francois Guillemot adult brain. Controlling how these neural stem this it uses mouse model systems and in vitro (MRC National Institute for Medical Research, cells either self-renew or differentiate is critical cell culture paradigms to investigate the key UK) the group revealed a key role for NFI genes during development, and changes to the normal processes behind the biology of neural progenitor in adult neural stem cell quiescence (Genes and trajectory of these processes can lead to severe cells, and to reveal the genetic hierarchy that Development). functional consequences. Moreover, many of controls neural progenitor cell differentiation. Current work in the Piper laboratory is aimed at the genes that control neural stem cell differen- In a paper recently published in Cerebral Cortex, further elucidating how NFI transcription factors tiation are misexpressed aberrantly within brain the Piper laboratory revealed that a group of control stem cell biology, and their contribution cancers such as glioma. The subventricular zone is one of the few transcription factors named the Nuclear factor to the formation of glioma. regions of the brain in which the birth of The Piper laboratory is investigating the one family (NFI) play a central role in regulating new neurons continues throughout life. molecular mechanisms underlying progenitor how neural progenitor cells differentiate within Many proteins are expressed within the cell self-renewal and differentiation in order to the developing brain by revealing that NFI tran- subventricular zone of the adult mouse brain, including NFIA (red) and GFAP (green).

Dr Michael Piper holds a joint appointment with the School of Biomedical Sciences. RESEARCH 43 Laboratory Head Dr Judith Reinhard

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Judith Reinhard, Stephanie Biergans, Julia Canning-Ure, Ming-Yu Chen, Alexandre Cristino, Shao-chang Huang, Homayoun Kheyri, Aoife Larkin, Morgane Nouvian, Amanda Robinson. Background: Honeybee (Apis mellifera) at a training feeder used in experiments to investigate learning of Monet and Picasso paintings by insects.

Cognitive capacities of small brains Researchers in the Reinhard laboratory investigate human faces. This suggests that in spite of distinguished novel paintings by the same how the brain processes sensory information and their small brain, honeybees have a highly artists, suggesting that honeybees are able to translates it into behavioural activity, thus linking developed capacity for processing complex discriminate Monet’s paintings from Picasso’s brain function to behaviour. Particular focusses visual information, comparable in many respects by extracting and learning the characteristic are the mechanisms underlying learning of to vertebrates and even humans. In collabora- visual information inherent in each painting sensory information, and how these memories tion with psychologists from UQ, the Reinhard style. This research indicates that discrimination support cognitive function. The laboratory uses laboratory investigated whether this capacity of artistic styles is not a higher cognitive function insect model systems in combination with human of honeybees extends to learning complex that is unique to humans, but simply due to the research, and integrates behavioural studies with visual images that are thought to be specific to capacity of animals – from insects to humans – to physiological and molecular approaches. human cognition, namely paintings by Monet extract and categorise the visual characteristics of and Picasso. The team showed that honeybees complex images. This research was published in It has long been known that honeybees have indeed learned to discriminate between different the Journal of Comparative Physiology A, and was remarkable visual learning abilities that extend Monet and Picasso paintings, and that they reported in the BBC World News. Examples of an Impressionist Monet beyond learning simple colours, shapes or did not rely on luminance, colour, or spatial painting (above) and a Cubist Picasso patterns. They can learn and discriminate frequency information for discrimination. They painting (below) that honeybees learnt to landscape scenes, types of flowers, and even also discovered that after training bees even discriminate based on artistic style.

44 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Linda Richards

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Linda Richards, Gonzalo Almarza, John Baisden, Jens Bunt, Ilse Buttiens, Amelia Douglass, Laura Fenlon, Ilan Gobius, Jonathan Lim, Samantha Liu, Laura Morcom, Rodrigo Suarez, Dennis Yeow. Not pictured: Michael Binzer, Tim Edwards, Lu Zhao. Background: Fluorescent confocal microscopy demonstrates how pioneering callosal axons (white) utilise midline glia (red) to navigate the interhemispheric fissure (green) during brain development. Image by I. Gobius.

Wiring the brain for function The brain functions by integrating information collaboration with scientists at the Institute of The laboratory also produced a systematic review from many sources and requires precise Neuroscience, Shanghai, involved determining of the literature on clinical syndromes associated connections between functionally similar areas how callosal axons are sorted within the tract, with malformations of the corpus callosum, to achieve this goal. Researchers in the Richards enabling them to target the correct region in including hypotheses on the underlying causes laboratory are investigating how the brain forms the contralateral hemisphere and discovered of some of these syndromes. Medical student these precise connections during prenatal the basis of callosal defects in mice with Tim Edwards, who is first author on the paper, stages and after birth. Determining how the disruptions in the Mid1 gene associated with spent time working with Professors Elliott Sherr brain is wired is of fundamental importance Opitz syndrome. Further work demonstrated and Jim Barkovich, at the University of California, to understanding how the brain functions and that callosal axons integrate multiple molecular San Francisco, to complete some of the work. can be repaired following injury, or in mental guidance cues at the midline of the brain in Structured illumination microscopy illnesses where brain wiring is disrupted. order to cross. The group discovered that axons use attractive cues to dampen the effects of demonstrates how microglial (red) and The Richards laboratory is focussed on glial repellents, allowing them to continue to grow astroglial (magenta) cells interact with development, glioma and formation of the the surface of the interhemispheric fissure and cross the midline effectively. (green) during brain development. Image corpus callosum, the largest fibre tract in the by I. Gobius. human brain. This year, projects, performed in

RESEARCH 45 Laboratory Head Professor Pankaj Sah

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Pankaj Sah, Eleanora Autuori, Suzanne Campbell, Peter Curby, Christine Dixon, Helen Gooch, Sarah Hunt, Roger Marek, John Morris, Margreet Ridder, Peter Stratton, Cornelia Strobel, Robert Sullivan, Yajie Sun, Tim Tattersall, Fabrice Turpin, Francois Windels, Li Xu, Shanzhi Yan. Not pictured: Madhusoothanan Bhagavathi Perumal, Petra Sedlak. Background: The medial amygdala is a part of the brain that receives olfactory information to drive defensive and reproductive behaviours. Shown is a neuron in the medial amygdala with the recording electrode attached. The neuron has been filled with a fluorescent indicator (Alexa 594) and imaged using a multi photon imaging system. Neural circuits and mechanisms underpinning learning and memory The Sah laboratory studies the physiological and the connections in these neural circuits. The role Professor Sah also collaborates with Professor molecular mechanisms that underlie learning of these circuits in behaviour is being explored Peter Silburn and Dr Terry Coyne (UQ Centre and memory formation, focussing on a part of using multiunit recordings in awake, behaving for Clinical Research) to study neural activity animals. In the last year, the group has mapped the brain called the amygdala. The amygdala in the human brain in patients undergoing is involved in emotional processing, and neural the circuits that provide auditory information to neurosurgery for deep brain stimulation. These circuit dysfunction in the amygdala is thought the amygdala. They have also studied the circuits Recordings from the human pedun- to underlie a range of anxiety disorders. The Sah that connect the amygdala with the prefrontal recordings are revealing the activity in the culopontine nucleus (PPN). The upper panel shows an MRI scan of human brain. group uses electrophysiology and molecular cortex and hippocampus. human brain in a range of movement disorders, The blue line marks the location of the such as Parkinson’s disease, essential tremor and techniques, in conjunction with behavioural In collaboration with Professor Joe Lynch, the recording electrode in the PPN. A- anterior, studies, to understand the neural circuitry and group is exploring the molecular identity of Tourette’s syndrome. In 2013, the group studied P- posterior, S- superior, I- inferior. The cellular changes that underpin amygdala-depend- GABA receptors in the amygdala that could be the properties of cells in a part of the brain trace below the MRI shows a recording in an awake patient that identified five different learning. The group uses viruses to deliver targets for the development of new anxiolytic called the pedunculopontine nucleus, which is ent neurons each marked with a different optogenetic constructs to neurons in defined drugs. They have determined the properties of involved in locomotor control. colour. The bottom panel shows the results regions, and then records the electrical activity receptors that contain gamma1 subunits and are from spike sorting to identify the different in acute brain slices to study the properties of enriched in the amygdala. cell types, and the shape of each spike is shown on the right.

46 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Mandyam Srinivasan

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Mandyam Srinivasan, Kathy Asmussen, Samuel Baker, Julia Groening, Michael Knight, Nikolai Liebsch, Ingo Schiffner, Dean Soccol, Saul Thurrowgood, Hong Vo. Not pictured: Peter Anderson, Aymeric Denuelle, Cassandra Guilfoyle, Marcel Schumacher, Gavin Taylor, Trevor Weatherhead. Background: An aircraft endowed with vision inspired by insect research is released to explore its environment, avoiding obstacles by watching passing objects and navigating by patterns in the sky. Image: Saul Thurrowgood.

Visual guidance in insects and birds, and aircraft navigation Flying insects display remarkable visual agility, School of Information Technology and Electrical In the robotics laboratory, a novel, insect-like, despite their diminutive brains. The Srinivasan Engineering, has led to a quantitative model multi-legged landing gear has been developed laboratory is using honeybees and budgerigars that characterises how flying honeybees avoid to enable a multirotor aircraft to land safely as models to understand how vision guides mid-air collisions. The results are of potential on uneven terrain. Another highlight has been flight and enables navigation. They are also relevance to aviation safety. the development of an aircraft-mounted vision using these insights to design novel, biologically system that is capable of detecting a moving In the bird laboratory, studies of budgerigar flight inspired strategies for the guidance of aircraft. object in the environment while the aircraft itself along a 25-metre tunnel with moving patterns is in motion. The system can potentially be used to In the honeybee laboratory, analysis and projected on the inside walls is revealing that track the moving object, or avoid collisions with it. modelling of the way in which honeybees birds control the speed of their flight, at least in land has led to a better understanding of how part, by monitoring the speed of the image of this intricate manoeuvre is orchestrated, and the environment in their eyes. Further studies are At the biorobotics laboratory, we usually enabled the formulation of a universal, visually- working on the decision making of budgerigars, take inspiration from biology to build guided strategy for landing that can be used by with the aim of understanding how flocks better robots. Sometimes the inspira- animals as well as flying machines. In another navigate through complex environments such tion goes the other way as well. Authors: study, a collaboration with researchers in the as forests without birds colliding with each other. Michael Knight, Saul Thurrowgood and Gavin Taylor.

Professor Mandyam Srinivasan holds a joint appointment with the School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering. RESEARCH 47 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Bruno van Swinderen

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Bruno van Swinderen, Kathy Asmussen, Leonie Kirszenblat, Ben Kottler, Angelique Paulk, Michael Troup, Melvyn Yap, Oressia Zalucki, Yan-Qiong Zhou. Not Pictured: Alice Petty. Background: Electrical activity is recorded from across the Drosophila brain.

Drosophila behaviour and cognition laboratory The van Swinderen laboratory uses the fruit fly Using high-throughput behavioural assays, the In other work focussed on sleep and general model Drosophila melanogaster to investigate laboratory has developed a model for studying anaesthesia, the laboratory has discovered perception and cognition. By combining attention-like defects in a fly model for schizo- distinct sleep stages in flies (Journal of powerful molecular genetic tools with high- phrenia. This research, done in collaboration with Neuroscience), and has found that a defined throughput behavioural assays and electrophysi- the laboratory of Associate Professor Darryl Eyles, sleep circuit in the fly brain controls sensitivity to ology, they are able to study the underpinnings of revealed a role for developmental dopamine in common general anaesthetics such as isoflurane complex phenomena such as selective attention, modulating visual attention in adult animals. (Current Biology). memory, general anaesthesia, and sleep in the In collaboration with colleagues in Beijing, the In addition to Drosophila work, the laboratory more simple fly brain. To pay attention, learn, laboratory is also developing electrophysi- also studies the honeybee in order to gain and sleep a brain must be able to suppress parts ological and behavioural approaches to studying insight on neural activity associated with visual of the outside world effectively. Understand- visual selective attention. They have discovered attention and learning. In recent work, the ing how this suppression mechanism works is a frequency-specific responses in the fly brain, and laboratory has localised attention-like processes central question of the laboratory, with a focus how transient control of key neurons modulates in the bee optic lobes. on visual systems. these responses (Journal of Neurophysiology). Brain activity is recorded from a fly walking on an air-supported ball.

48 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Laboratory Head Professor Peter Visscher

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Peter Visscher, Beben Benyamin, Marie-Jo Brion, Guo-Bo Chen, Gibran Hemani, Hong Lee, Allan McRae, Gerhard Moser, Joseph Powell, Sonia Shah, Konstantin Shakhbazov, Anna Vinkhuyzen, Jian Yang, Zhihong Zhu. Not pictured: Anita Goldinger. Background: Joint analysis for each chromosome for estimating the genetic variance in risk to Alzheimer's disease from SNP data.

Genes in human populations for common diseases and their risk factors The Visscher laboratory specialises in quantitative In 2013, the group demonstrated that individual In collaboration with researchers from the QIMR and statistical genetics, population genetics, differences in complex traits, including cognitive Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Professor human genetics and bioinformatics, with the ability, learning and memory, and risk of Visscher has established the Brisbane Systems ultimate aim of trying to understand the genetic Alzheimer’s disease, are caused by the cumulative Genetics Study, with the aim of understand- basis of differences in risk to disease and other effect of many genes. In addition to a number of ing genetic variation in gene expression and phenotypes between individuals. Applications significant publications, this also resulted in Dr its correlation with individual differences in Jian Yang receiving a UQ Foundation Research of the research include dissection of genetic complex traits. They have shown that gene Excellence Award and was one of two recipients variation underlying cognition and cognitive expression itself is under genetic control and change, and quantification and deciphering of the of the Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation’s Senior Medical Research Fellowship. that gene expression is correlated with disease. genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders. The A long-standing collaboration with Professor group uses theoretical derivations, simulation The group has also contributed analysis expertise to a large number of international research Ian Deary (University of Edinburgh, UK) has studies, development of new analytical methods consortia that have found genes affecting schizo- been expanded through joint projects on the and software tools, and the application of phrenia, cardiac rhythm, asthma and obesity. genomics underlying cognitive ageing. advanced statistical analysis methods to genetic Jian Yang received a 2013 UQ Foundation and phenotypic data. Research Excellence Award.

Professor Peter Visscher holds a joint appointment with UQ's Diamantina Institute. RESEARCH 49 Laboratory Head Associate Professor Stephen Williams

Excitation Σ Inhibition Σ Σ Σ Σ Σ Σ Σ Σ

Σ Σ Σ Terminal spike Σ Σ

Dendritic spike Σ Axonal AP

2013 Laboratory Members L-R: Stephen Williams, Arne Brombas, Florence Cotel, Lee Fletcher, Ben Sivyer. Background: Schematic representation of active dendritic integration in an output cell of the retina.

Computation in neurons and circuits The brain is fundamentally a computational device. the engagement of active dendritic synaptic processing by single neurons implements Unlike in a personal computer, the components integration. The processing capacity of single multi-modal processing in neocortical circuits, underlying brain computations are nerve cells, neurons has been found to be equivalent to that acting to compute the location of objects in the not transistors. In the brain, nerve cells are of a vast array of transistors, highlighting how the environment by the integration of motor and arranged in intricate networks, in which neuronal brain can operate in a fast and energy efficient sensory information. In the output neurons of computations are performed that underlie all manner. The laboratory seeks to understand the the retina, members of the Williams laboratory aspects of behaviour. The Williams laboratory is rules and mechanisms that form and control this have found that dendritic integration underlies investigating how nerve cells and neural circuits rich neuronal integrative process and explore the the computation of image motion. Ongoing implement computations. They use advanced relevance to the operation of neuronal networks work is exploring how these and other neuronal electrophysiological and optical techniques to in health and disease. computations are engaged and controlled. investigate how neurons integrate inputs signals, This work will enable neuroscientists to better Recent work has revealed that active dendritic termed synaptic potentials, received throughout understand how networks of neurons function integration is recruited by natural stimuli and their dendritic tree, to produce an output signal. and ultimately how these processes are disturbed This work has shown that single neurons can implements circuit based computations in the in disease. operate as complex computational devices; acting neuronal networks of the neocortex and retina. to produce finely tuned output signals through Researchers have discovered that complex Dendritic (black) and axonal arbor of a inhibitory neuron in the neocortex.

50 QBI ANNUAL REPORT −0.10 −0.05 SNP−heritablity 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 heritabilities 2013. Nature Genetics, disorders. to psychiatric (SNP-heritability) tribution Evidence for thecommon genetic con ADHD BPD SCZ MDD ASD SCZ/BPD

BPD/MDD coheritabilities SCZ/MDD MDD/ADHD SCZ/ASD SCZ/ADHD

- BPD/ADHD Sample size = N DISCOVERY

Sample size = N VALIDATION MDD/ASD APPLICATION BPD/ASD ASD/ADHD d v

*Promoted toProfessor, effective 1January 2014. and controls from the five major psychiatric psychiatric major five the from controls and Consortium, which has brought together depressive disorder, attention deficit-hyperac disorders: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major of psychiatric Group disorders. members understanding the genetic contribution to including the International Psychiatric Genomics Genomics Psychiatric International the including Research in the Wray laboratory focusses on on focusses laboratory Wray the in Research to the analysis of genetic and phenotypic data data phenotypic and genetic of analysis the to the application of advanced statistical methods and methods analytical new of development the tivity disordertivity and autism disorder. spectrum play leading roles in international consortia consortia international in roles leading play psychiatric disorders. The group specialises in in specialises group The disorders. psychiatric large samples of genetically informative cases QBI Bioinformatics QBI Core: Zhao. Qiongyi Anna Vinkhuyzen. Zhang, Background: Nature Zong-Hong of genetic riskfrom genetic data. Reviews Flowfor prediction chart 2013. Genetics, 2013 Laboratory Members L-R2013 Members Laboratory Wray,: Naomi Chen, Jake EndaByrne, Gratten, Guo-Bo Gerhard Lee, Moser, Campbell, Suzanne Hong Mehta, Divya Wouter Peyrot, Matthew Robinson, Probing of the genomic complexity between &withinpsychiatric between complexity Probing of thegenomic disorders DATA Phenotypes SNPs Totally Independent Phenotypes SNPs SNPs discovery and effect sizes from Use associated alleles individuals predic?on scores for Apply to SNPs to create discovery sample and effect sizes from Use associated alleles individuals predic?on scores for Apply to SNPs to create phenotypes effects Es?mate SNP-‐ SNPs in the valida?on effect sizes of selected Do not re-‐es?mate PROCESS sample sample a . for use as a predictor es?mated effect sizes Select SNPs predictor demonstrates validity of with phenotypes Correla?on of predictor RESULT decision making Use predictor for - are needed, with family members recorded for for recorded members family with needed, are the across vulnerability genetic a common analysis in Nature Genetics in analysis and their sets were collected, separating shared genetic genetic shared separating collected, were sets data such if Even disorders. multiple on status ofspectrum psychiatric However, disorders. demonstrating this from epidemiological data dependently collected case-control data sets for for sets data case-control collected dependently genetic relationship attributable to common common to attributable relationship genetic is difficult since very large cohorts of families families of cohorts large very since difficult is from shared family effects is challenging. The The challenging. is effects family shared from DNA variants between these five disorders. It disorders. five these between variants DNA anovel published laboratory Wray the 2013 In two disorders, and use the directly measured measured directly the use and disorders, two novel analyses of the Wray laboratory used in used laboratory Wray the of analyses novel has long been speculated that there may be be may there that speculated been long has Laboratory Head Laboratory showing the shared shared the showing Associate Professor Wray Naomi - Queensland BrainQueensland 2013 Institute Report Annual and bipolar disorder, and between bipolar bipolar between and disorder, bipolar and affective disorder or sleepdysregulation. schizophrenia and major depression. These disorder and major depression, but also showed genetic relationship schizophrenia between depression, postnatal depression, seasonal diagnostic classes for genetic studies of homogenous more define that strategies on of complexity the understanding in design DNA variation to demonstrate the relationship relationship the demonstrate to variation DNA that genetic vulnerability is shared between between shared is vulnerability genetic that between disorders. They confirmed a shared shared a confirmed They disorders. between psychiatric for disorders, using example major has also Research focussed human disorders. experimental future shape help and nosology results contribute to discussions on psychiatric RESEARCH * 51 Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research

Housed within QBI, the Clem Jones Centre for “In addition it will fast track our work, which aims Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR) was officially to bolster the function of the ageing brain and opened by Queensland Premier Campbell offers the opportunity to improve learning and Newman on 28 February. memory in an ageing population,” he said. Dementia affects more than 320,000 Australians Clem Jones Foundation Chairman, David Muir, and is the nation’s third leading cause of death, said the State Government support would have after heart disease and stroke. been welcome news for the late Lord Mayor Clem Jones, after whom the Centre was named. There is no cure, and without a significant medical breakthrough, the number of Australians living “If Clem was alive he would be over the moon with dementia is expected to soar to almost one with the announcement by Premier Campbell million by 2050. Newman of the grant of $9 million to the Centre,” he said. Mr Newman said dementia research was vitally important and congratulated those involved with “Clem would applaud the Queensland Government the establishment of the new Centre. for being prepared to spend millions of dollars on medical research to find a cure for ageing “Research leads to better healthcare practices, dementia in order to save billions of dollars of less disease, and improvements to quality and expense in caring for future generations.” longevity of life. The State Government funding was matched “It also helps to address the significant pressures with a commitment of $9 million, announced by facing the public health system,” he said. Prime Minister Tony Abbott during the Federal Headed by world-renowned neuroscientist, Election campaign. Professor Jürgen Götz, the Centre is Australia’s Federal Member for Ryan, Jane Prentice, joined first and only facility focussed entirely on research with new Federal Health Minister, The Hon Peter into the prevention and treatment of dementia. Dutton MP, at QBI on 20 September for his first Along with early detection and preventative official event, to confirm the Federal Government's strategies, therapeutic intervention is key to $9 million funding commitment to CJCADR. minimising the social and economic impact of This funding forms part of the Federal dementia in Australia. Government's $200 million commitment to In May, the Premier announced that CJCADR dementia research. would receive $9 million in funding over the next In addition to the planned expansion through five years, to support research within the Centre. new recruits, researchers from the following The funds will help attract more of the world’s QBI laboratories all undertake dementia-relat- brightest neuroscientists and advance diagnostic ed research within CJCADR: Bartlett, Coulson, tools for early intervention and clinical trials of Hilliard, Mangelsdorf and Meunier. new therapeutic approaches currently being explored. “This is a fantastic boost to our capabilities of translating our discoveries into new diagnostics and therapeutic treatments of dementia,” Professor Perry Bartlett said. Right: Queensland Premier Campbell Newman officially opened CJCADR.

52 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research

In a paper recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, the Anggono group revealed a novel interaction between two membrane- sensing proteins, PICK1 (Protein Interacting with C-Kinase 1) and PACSIN (Protein Kinase C and Casein Kinase II Substrate in Neuron), and that they form a complex with AMPA receptors. The phosphorylation-regulated interaction between these two proteins is required for AMPA receptor internalisation, and more importantly, for the expression of cerebellar long-term depression, which is thought to control fine motor movement.

Professor Jürgen Götz, Director CJCADR Dr Victor Anggono Currently, the Anggono group aims at uncovering the roles of post-translational ubiquitination in CJCADR research is already making waves in the The Anggono group uses an integrative approach regulating AMPA receptor functions, and their neuroscience space and is being used to develop to understand the molecular mechanisms contribution to synaptic plasticity, learning and therapeutic interventions. underlying neuronal communication by combining memory. Professor Götz has earned international acclaim biochemistry, cell biology, molecular manipulation Group Members: Victor Anggono, Ye Jin Chai, Yu for the discovery of how the molecule tau causes of genes, electrophysiology, the use of animal Qian Chau, Se Eun (Joanne) Jang, Tong (Tina) Lin. neuronal demise in Alzheimer's disease. models and behavioural analysis.

“Highly enriched in neuronal cells, this protein This fundamental biological process is crucial for forms insoluble clumps in the brains of Alzheimer information processing in the brain. It depends on patients, causing their neuronal demise and, the ability of neurons to transmit chemical signals ultimately, dementia,” Professor Götz said. (neurotransmitters) across the synapses, which in After discovering how tau exerts its damage, turn bind to neurotransmitter receptors on the CJCADR scientists are developing small compounds, other neurons. peptides and antibodies in order to block the disease process. The team is also developing methods to The AMPA-type neurotransmitter receptors assist in the clearance of another molecule that mediate most of the fast synaptic transmissions forms toxic aggregates in the Alzheimer's brain, in the brain. The ability of neurons to modulate amyloid-beta. How amyloid-beta and tau interact the strength of their connections, termed synaptic and cause neurons to degenerate is a long-standing plasticity, is determined in part by the number interest of Professor Götz. of these receptors at synapses. Dysregulation in Also high on CJCADR’s research agenda is cell AMPA receptor trafficking has been implicated in death and discovering molecules that might various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s interfere with or block this death pathway. disease, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and autisms. The major aim of the Anggono group is “While more intensive research is needed to bring to understand the detailed molecular mechanisms these discoveries to the patient, CJCADR scientists Purkinje cells of the rat cerebellum were are on a launching path to make discoveries that regulating AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic visualised by immunohistochemical plasticity, one of the cellular correlates of learning staining with specific antibodies against help the growing number of dementia patients, the calcium binding protein, calbindin. both in Australia and overseas,” he said. and memory. QBI ANNUAL REPORT 53 Science of Learning Research Centre

In May, the Australian Research Council (ARC) The grant comes four years after the concept was awarded $16 million over four years for a Science recommended by the Prime Minister’s Science, of Learning Research Centre (SLRC), a Special Engineering and Innovation Council Expert Research Initiative led by The University of Working Group, of which Professor Bartlett was Queensland (UQ) and involving researchers from a member, in their report, Transforming Learning QBI, the School of Psychology, the School of and the Transmission of Knowledge. Education and the Centre for Advanced Imaging. The grant was led by Professor Ottmar Lipp from This collaboration between UQ, The University UQ’s School of Psychology, in cooperation with of Melbourne, Australian Council for Educational Professor Pankaj Sah, Professor John Hattie Research (ACER), Deakin University, Flinders (University of Melbourne) and Dr Mike Timms University, Charles Darwin University, University (ACER). Professor Lipp says the Centre will place of New England and Macquarie University will learning at the focus of its research and develop an establish new means to assess the impact of evidence based approach to educational practice. different types of learning and strategies to inform “It is essential that this is done in collaboration teaching practices to benefit all Australians. between researchers from different disciplines on Officially opened by the Honourable Ian Walker, the one side and practitioners on the other. This Minister for Science, Information Technology, collaboration will be facilitated by centerpieces of Innovation and the Arts on 27 November, the the Centre, two experimental classrooms, one at Centre brings together researchers in education, UQ and one at The University of Melbourne.” neuroscience, and cognitive psychology to work In addition to the eight research organisations, with teachers to enhance our understanding of the SLRC is supported by nine partner organisa- the learning process. tions, including the Queensland Department of “The objectives of the SLRC are to identify, research Education and Training, the Victorian Department and understand effective learning processes and of Education and Early Childhood Development, factors that influence successful human learning,” the South Australian Department of Education Professor Perry Bartlett said. and Child Development, Questacon, North Carolina State University, Institute of Education, “The establishment of the SLRC will, for the first London, Carnegie Mellon University, University time, allow us to take what we know about how College London, and the Benevolent Society. the brain learns and translate that into educational outcomes,” he said.

“A benchtop-to-blackboard approach is revolu- tionary for the learning community.”

54 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Joint Sino-Australian Neurogenetics Laboratory

The Joint Sino-Australian Neurogenet- Project profile ics Laboratory, an initiative of QBI, UQ’s Diamantina Institute (UQDI) and the Second Motor neuron disease Military Medical University (SMMU) in Shanghai, MND is a devastating neurodegenerative disease is dedicated to exploring how genes influence characterised by progressive muscle weakness brain development and function, and focusses and wasting. About 10 per cent of MND is familial, on discovering the genes that cause or make that is more than one person in the family has individuals susceptible to certain neurological been or is affected, and is usually the result of a and mental illnesses. genetic mutation. Genetic mutations are also Under the guidance of Professor Huji Xu, who holds found in cases where there is no family history – an appointment with QBI and SMMU, researchers sporadic cases. are probing the neurogenetics of motor neuron Professors Perry Bartlett and Peter Visscher, in disease (MND), schizophrenia and epilepsy. collaboration with Professor Matt Brown (UQDI) Researchers in the laboratory are engaging with and Professor Huji Xu (SMMU), are conducting a network of neurologists and psychiatrists at large population studies to identify genes that various hospitals and universities across China to are associated with MND. This research will lead study these diseases and disorders. It is anticipated to new genetic markers, aid development of that differences in ancestral genetic diversity will diagnostic tools and identify new therapeutic enable mapping of genes in certain populations targets for MND. that are not easily identified in other populations.

Right: Professors Perry Bartlett (left) and Matt Brown (right) show UQ Vice-Chancellor and President, Professor Peter Høj (centre) through the Joint Laboratory during a Senior Executive Mission to China in March.

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 55 Joint Laboratory of Neuroscience and Cognition

Researchers within the Joint Laboratory of Dr Cornelia Strobel, who works with Professors Neuroscience and Cognition, between QBI Pankaj Sah and Jianyuan Sun (IBP) studying the and the Institute of Biophysics (IBP) in Beijing, neural circuits that mediate pain pathways in the bring together complementary expertise and amygdala, spent a length of time in Beijing in advanced technologies in celluar and molecular 2013, and was successful in obtaining a Chinese systems. Academy of Sciences (CAS) Visiting Scientist Fellowship to return in 2014. They share a goal to discover how functions like learning and memory are regulated, and use IBP received further funding of 1.1 million RMB from these discoveries to develop new techniques to the External Cooperation Program of the Bureau treat the many neurological and mental diseases of International Cooperation, CAS, to support the facing both countries. joint project “The mechanisms of learning-memory and the related brain disorders”. The project In three short years QBI and IBP have built a truly is being undertaken by Professors Rongqiao He collaborative laboratory of research excellence (IBP), Li Liu (IBP), Yan Zhu (IBP) and Perry Bartlett, that continues to expand, both in terms of and Associate Professors Ying Liu (IBP), Bruno van the number of projects being undertaken, the Swinderen and Helen Cooper. It aims to reveal the number of researchers involved in the projects, neural circuits involved in learning and memory, and the many visits by students, postdoctoral and the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of the fellows and Faculty that occurred between the related brain dysfunctions. two countries.

Professor Jürgen Götz, inaugural Director of the Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR), has developed a new collaborative project with Professor Rongqiao He (IBP) looking at the role of formaldehyde in cognitive impairment, by investigating the role of formaldehyde in tau modification and aggregation and dysfunction.

56 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Joint Sino-Australian Laboratory of Brainnetome

In March, the Joint Sino-Australian Laboratory The Joint Laboratory also hosted the second Far left: Associate Professor Bruno van Swinderen, who has a joint research project of Brainnetome was opened as a joint initiative Symposium on Brainnetome Meets Genome with Professor Li Liu at IBP, examining a vial of Drosophila food. Below: Professors Perry Bartlett (left) and Tianzi Jiang (right) sign the agreement underpinning the between QBI and the Institute of Automation (SBMG) in September, bringing together experts Joint Laboratory that opened in Beijing in March. Image courtesy of CASIA. at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASIA) in neuroscience, neuroanatomy, medical in Beijing. genetics, neuroimaging and neurotechnology, all of whom have a special interest in understanding Professor Tianzi Jiang, a neuroimaging researcher the relationships between brain networks, brain who has a joint appointment between UQ and functions and malfunctions, and risk genes of CASIA, is overseeing the development of the new neuropsychiatric diseases. The inaugural SBMG laboratory, which is focussed on using advanced took place at QBI in May 2012. imaging techniques and computational analysis to understand brain behaviour.

Researchers within the Joint Laboratory are using neuroimaging technology to track and map brain behaviour when performing tasks, thereby developing a greater understanding of how neural networks function in the healthy brain.

The findings will be used to develop computational models to diagnose changes in brain wiring associated with diseases.

Computational analysis and neuroimaging will also be applied to other areas of research at QBI, such as learning and memory. In particular, this approach will be used in the Science of Learning Research Centre (SLRC) to understand the networks involved during learning and the formation of memories, and then applied towards delivering new innovative education models in schools and universities.

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 57 STUDENTS

Hanne Theon, Marshall laboratory.

58 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Students

Students play an integral role in the cutting-edge research undertaken at QBI. Students travel from as far afield as China, Latin-America and Europe to study, bringing fresh, innovative and international approaches to neuroscience research at the Institute.

STUDENTS 59 STUDENT STORIES AND PROFILES

QBI had a total of 97 research higher degree QBI students were awarded multiple highly Students chart course to success students enrolled in 2013, of whom 46 were competitive scholarships during the year. Some international candidates from Argentina, of the most successful international scholarship Students at QBI are provided with opportunities to pursue their research interests, while working closely with dedicated neuroscientists. This research and work experience provides the students with Austria, Bangladesh, Canada, Chile, China, recipients were: Natalie Lee (USA) who was a solid foundation for career success. Ecuador, France, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, awarded the top international scholarship offered Korea, Malaysia, Burma, New Zealand, Norway, at UQ, the International Postgraduate Research Dr Roger Marek Dr Inga Laube Singapore, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, the Scholarship (IPRS), in conjunction with the United Kingdom, the United States of America Australian Postgraduate Award (APA) and the UQ Dr Roger Marek commenced his PhD in the Dr Inga Laube joined the cognitive neuroscience and Vietnam. Advantage Top-Up. Morgane Nouvian (France) laboratory of Dr Louise Faber, where he focussed on group of QBI in 2009 to begin her doctoral research was awarded the UQ Centennial Living Allowance the investigation of prefrontal neuronal correlates investigating the control mechanisms of attention In 2013, QBI welcomed 21 new domestic and inter- and QBI Top-Up Scholarship. Seven domestic and ion channels that are implicated in higher in the human brain. During her candidature she was national students who commenced their research PhD students who commenced their studies in cognitive and executive functions using electro- supervised by Professor Mark Bellgrove, Professor candidature during the year. QBI was also delighted 2013 each secured the top Australian Government physiological techniques. After Dr Faber left QBI, Jason Mattingley and Dr Angela Dean. to see the conferral of 12 PhD awards and one MPhil scholarship of an Australian Postgraduate Award Roger later joined Professor Pankaj Sah’s laboratory upon the following students across two graduation Inga’s research focussed on the attentional (APA), and one commencing student received the where he investigated the neuronal circuitry ceremonies held in July and December: mechanisms that allow the goal-dependent filtering UQ Research Scholarship. between the prefrontal cortex and fear-related of visual information. Using functional magnetic Jessica Barnes (Bellgrove* laboratory), Charlotte structures. He showed that prefrontal regions The annual UQ Summer Research Program and the resonance imaging (fMRI) as well as electroen- Clark (Cooper laboratory), Michael Dwyer (MPhil, integrate and process synaptic information on a UQ Winter Research Program also provides QBI cephalography (EEG), Inga investigated the brain Mattingley laboratory), Lu Han (Lynch laboratory), sub-region and layer-specific manner. Moreover, the opportunity to welcome undergraduate and areas involved in this cognitive function as well as Thuan Huynh (Adams* laboratory), Sepideh Roger also collaborated with Dr Tim Bredy to postgraduate coursework students. For the Summer its neurochemical modulation. Another focus of Keshavarzi (Sah laboratory), Inga Laube (Bellgrove* study epigenetic changes of prefrontal regions in Research Program 2013/2014, QBI welcomed 16 her research was the question of how attentional laboratory), Sha Liu (Richards laboratory), Roger fear learning. Specific proteins were identified to domestic and international students to undertake control mechanisms are affected in patients with Marek (Sah laboratory), Ramesh Narayanan modulate synaptic plasticity and the extinction a range of projects across 10 different laboratory hemispatial neglect – an attentional disorder that (Wallace* laboratory), Kian Bee Ng (Cunnington of conditioned fear. These findings are important groups within QBI. The Winter Research Program often occurs after unilateral stroke. The results laboratory), Daniel Stjepanovic (Bellgrove to understand the cause for the development of involved a total of four students who participated of this study indicate that the attentional control laboratory) and Jiajia Yuan (Goodhill laboratory). anxiety disorders such as phobias and post-trau- in various laboratory-based projects across three system in hemispatial neglect is partially intact, These graduates have subsequently gone on to matic stress disorder. different laboratory groups over a six-week period. suggesting a potential gateway for improving postdoctoral work or into research administration. Since the completion of his PhD thesis, Roger has current rehabilitation strategies for this disorder. remained in Professor Sah’s laboratory to deepen Since the completion of her PhD at UQ in 2013, the understanding about this fear-related neuronal Inga has taken up a postdoctoral position at the circuit using optogenetic techniques in freely Neuroscience Research Centre in Lyon (CRNL), behaving animals. France, to continue her research on hemispatial neglect and the development of rehabilitation strategies for patients who have suffered from a stroke.

*Former QBI Laboratory Heads. Right: Ye Jin Chai, CJCADR.

60 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

MASTER OF NEUROSCIENCE STUDENTS

Master of Neuroscience

The Master of Neuroscience program was Students completing their Master of Neuroscience introduced in 2010 as an initiative of QBI Director program say that the experience has encouraged Professor Perry Bartlett and Senior Deputy Vice- them to pursue further study opportunities, such Chancellor Professor Deborah Terry, as a pathway as PhDs. for students who wish to shift their career focus to Compulsory core lecture-based courses in the neuroscience and pursue independent research and Master of Neuroscience program are: teaching careers.

l Systems Neuroscience: Sensory and Motor The program is coordinated by QBI and the Faculty (NEUR7004), which uses a systems approach of Social and Behavioural Sciences (now Faculty of to explore the brain with respect to circuits Health and Behavioural Sciences), but also spans that integrate and process information. other centres for neuroscience research at UQ. To ensure quality of student experience and teaching, l Cognitive and Behavioural Neuroscience a quota of 12 students per semester has been (NEUR7005), which focusses on the imposed upon the course. elucidation of the neural basis of cognitive and behavioural phenomena. Providing research training and core professional l Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience skills, the program is a pathway to specialist streams (NEUR7006), which is concerned with cellular including molecular and cellular neuroscience, and molecular biology of the neuron. neural imaging and computational neuroscience, developmental neurobiology, cognitive and Together with the three Master of Neuroscience behavioural neuroscience, visual and sensory laboratory rotations, which offer 300 hours of neuroscience and epigenetics. The Master of supervised practical experience; these courses Neuroscience runs for three semesters (24 units), provide a cohesive introduction to the theoretical although students with Honours or equivalent can and practical aspects of neuroscience. Rotations complete the program in two semesters (16 units). can be undertaken in a wide number of par- ticipating schools, including QBI, UQ’s Schools In 2013, a total of nine students graduated with of Psychology, Pharmacy, Medicine, Biomedical the Master of Neuroscience degree. They were: Sciences, Microbial and Molecular Biosciences, Richard Carey, Brett Kagan, Matthew Kennett, Elliot Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Lambert, Kim Loong Lim, Jessica Ogden, Janaina the Perinatal Research Centre, Centre for Clinical Videira Pinto, Michael Troup, and Azra Zamri. Research, the Institute for Molecular Bioscience, In 2013 the program also welcomed three inter- the Centre for Advanced Imaging and the QIMR national and three domestic students. They were: Berghofer Medical Research Institute. Adekunle Bademosi, Samuel Fynes-Clayton, John Jordan, Muthmainah, Ozlem Yetim, and Diana Zanfirache.

STUDENTS 61 COMMUNITY

62 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Community

QBI's goal is to make a positive impact on the Australian community by helping to reduce the huge social and financial cost of neurological and mental illness.

In 2013, QBI hosted a series of high profile events and conducted a range of community outreach events. In addition to educating Australians about the latest research findings, staff also continued their efforts to encourage the next generation to consider careers in neuroscience.

Left: MND Breakfast held at QBI.

COMMUNITY 63 LECTURES

PETER GOODENOUGH LECTURE MERSON LECTURE Killer Viruses and Killer Cells Cortical Interneurons, Creation, Wiring and Disease

This year’s Peter Goodenough Lecture was On November 7, New York University’s (NYU) delivered by Nobel Laureate Professor and former Professor Gordon Fishell, addressed guests at Australian of the Year, Peter Doherty. QBI’s fifth annual Merson Lecture.

On June 18, Professor Doherty shared his insights The Julius Raynes Professor of Neuroscience and into his work with immunity and killer viruses, and Physiology at the NYU School of Medicine and the invaluable role philanthropy plays in funding Associate Director of the NYU Neuroscience the research that leads to the development of Institute, shared his insights into wiring and drugs to combat infection. disease in the nervous system.

Professor Doherty trained as a veterinarian, Professor Fishell’s interest is with the inhibitory spent a decade researching infectious diseases of cells that, he explained, act as the yin to the domestic animals and has, for more than 40 years, excitatory cells’ yang. been involved in basic biomedical research. Excitatory cells carry information and allow an He and his Swiss colleague Rolf Zinkernagel external world to be internalised and represented shared the 1996 Nobel Prize for Physiology or in the brain. Medicine for the discovery of how the immune “The inhibitory cells, the cortical interneurons, system recognises virus-infected cells. keep the excitatory cells in check and prevent the The Peter Goodenough annual lecture is named networks from overloading and causing problems in honour of the late Mr Peter Goodenough such as epilepsy or schizophrenia,” he said. (1936–2004), a QBI benefactor, whose personal Professor Fishell explores the developmental battle with motor neuron disease led to a bequest events by which these cells acquire their identities, to fund fundamental scientific research. and discovered that the very electrical signals that ultimately allow one to perceive the world are the same ones that are used to assemble the nervous system.

Further, not all dysfunction results in brain disease. “A false dichotomy is that disease can be caused by genes or environment, while in fact the two are interlinked. Environment affects gene expression and genes affect environment,” he said.

The Merson Lecture is named in honour of Dr David Merson, member of the QBI Advisory Board, whose philanthropic sponsorship of this lecture is indicative of a strong community interest in L-R: Dr David Merson, Professor Gordon Fishell neuroscience. and Professor Perry Bartlett.

64 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Attendees at the UQ Fellows of the Australian Learned Academies Lecture 2013.

COMMUNITY 65 EVENTS

‘BEATING OF THE DRUMS’ CEREMONY SYMPOSIUM ON BRAINNETOME 7th ALZHEIMER’S AND PARKINSON’S MEETS GENOME DISEASE SYMPOSIUM

To celebrate the arrival of traditional Papua At present, the average age of garamut carvers in The Second Symposium on Brainnetome On September 23, QBI was host to more than New Guinean slit-drums to UQ, as well as QBI’s Papua New Guinea is 50, with few young people Meets Genome (SBMG 2013) was held in 175 researchers from throughout Australia and advances in motor neuron disease (MND) interested in the art. Beijing, China, from 12-13 September. across the globe for the 7th Alzheimer’s and research, a ‘beating of the drums’ ceremony was Parkinson’s Disease (A+PD) Symposium. Mr Aime’s research has triggered a renewed Hosted by the Joint Sino-Australian Laboratory held on June 3, with the Institute drum’s journey interest among the people to hold onto their fast of Brainnetome, the symposium brought The event featured two mornings of beginning at the UQ Anthropology Museum and disappearing indigenous cultural knowledge and together researchers from neuroimaging, speaker presentations followed by two ending at QBI. skills. network neuroscience, neuroscience consecutive workshops, one on Alzheimer’s Known as a garamut, these ancient artifacts are methodology and experimental neuroscience disease and the second on frontotemporal Two garamuts were acquired, through Mr Aime, used as a voice in villages to announce meetings, with a special interest in understanding dementia and motor neuron disease. from a village in the Madang Province of Papua call individuals, and issue warnings over long the relationships between brain networks, New Guinea, and are housed separately in the UQ The impressive line-up of speakers included distances. function and malfunction, and risk genes of Anthropology Museum and QBI. a Keynote Lecture from the University of neuropsychiatric and neurological diseases. The skill of making slit-drums has been the focus of Melbourne’s Professor Ashley Bush, who The ‘beating of the drums’ not only celebrated the PhD student Alphonse Aime, the recipient of The Themes of the scientific sessions of the has conducted ground-breaking work in the arrival of the garamuts at UQ, but also symbolised Peter Goodenough and Wantoks PhD Scholarship symposium included anatomical and structural diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. QBI’s advances into ‘beating’ motor neuron in Anthropology, established in memory of Mr brain networks, brainnetome methods and disease through ongoing intensive research. International Keynote Lectures were given Peter Goodenough, who had extensive business applications, how genes modulate brain networks, by Professors Christian Behl (University of interests and friends in Papua New Guinea. and clinical applications of brain networks. Mainz), Christian Haass (German Center Mr Goodenough was sadly diagnosed with motor Time was also dedicated to a discussion for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich) neuron disease and died in 2004, leaving a major of the major challenges in the field and and Angus Nairn (Yale University). bequest to QBI to further invest in research to how to address them through integrating Organised by Professor Jürgen Götz (QBI) and treat this neurological disease. disciplines and multinational organisations. Professor Lars Ittner (The University of New Mr Aime is encouraging Papua New Guineans to South Wales), the event now alternates on preserve their rich cultural heritage by passing on an annual basis between QBI and UNSW. the traditional knowledge and skills of garamut- making to young people.

66 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Traditional Papua New Guinean slit-drum, known as the garamut.

COMMUNITY 67 COMMUNITY OUTREACH

QBI’s community outreach program is NEW FELLOWSHIPS BREAKFAST SERIES designed to engage people interested The charitable arm of the Freemasons The introduction of the QBI Breakfast Series in in discovering more about neurological Queensland, the Board of Benevolence of Aged 2013 enabled meaningful engagement with our disorders. The program’s success is proof of Masons, Widows and Orphans’ Fund, and donors, corporates and community groups. the public’s thirst to learn more about the UQef, a private fund established by Wotif.com latest developments in this area of research. Topics covered throughout the period included: founders Andrew Brice and Graeme Wood,

In addition to regular tours through QBI’s have established a $1.4 million fund to support l Parkinson's and deep brain stimulation world-class facilities, the Institute’s researchers a Queensland Freemasons Senior Research Professor Pankaj Sah and frequently conduct lectures, talks and Fellowship in Learning and Memory at QBI. Professor Peter Silburn discussions that are the anchor of the outreach The Fellowship was formally recognised by the l Discovering the causes of and treatments program. This interaction has continually proven Honourable Ian Walker MP, Minister for Science, for brain cancer beneficial for the public and scientists alike. Information Technology, Innovation and the Professor Linda Richards and Mr Geoff Osborne As part of this community outreach Arts at a celebratory event in Sandgate. l What is a stroke and how does it affect program, QBI held a number of events Also recognised at this event was the the brain and behaviour? designed to celebrate the support both Peter Hilton Research Fellowship in Ageing Professor Jason Mattingley and individuals and community groups have Dementia, which was established in honour Ms Lavinia Codd provided towards the Institute's research. of the late Peter Hilton by his wife Robyn. l Ageing and dementia: Delaying and The $500,000 Fellowship will support an reversing cognitive decline outstanding early-career researcher for five Professor Jürgen Götz and Associate years based at the Clem Jones Centre for Professor Elizabeth Coulson Ageing Dementia Research (CJCADR). l Mental illness: Is it nature or nurture? The primary role of the Peter Hilton Research Professor John McGrath and Fellow will be to explore the interface between Associate Professor Naomi Wray biological and physical research in memory and l MND: Uncovering the genetic causes learning, how these functions are disrupted Professor Pam McCombe and in dementia, and develop procedures to Dr Marie Mangelsdorf test and manage these dysfunctions.

68 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

AUSTRALIAN BRAIN BEE CHALLENGE out-smart, out-think, out-last The Australian Brain Bee Challenge (ABBC) is QBI's Nobel Prize winner and Laureate Professor Peter major public outreach program. Each year the Doherty and Dr Chelsea Bond from UQ's Aboriginal ABBC encourages high school students to learn and Torres Strait Island Studies Unit. In addition about neuroscience. The program aims to capture to competing in the competition, students and students’ interest in brain structure, function teachers had the opportunity to tour the facilities at and anatomy and to educate students, teachers QBI, participate in experiments and hear from QBI and the wider community about the importance scientists discussing their research, discoveries and of neuroscience research to society. The ABBC how they became involved in science research as is Australia’s only neuroscience competition for a career. Somerville House student Eva Wang was high school students and provides opportuni- the winning student on the day, becoming the 2013 ties for students from all over Australia, including Queensland Brain Bee Challenge Champion. regional areas, to participate and consider a career Round 3, the National Final, in which each State in science and in particular, neuroscience. Champion competes to become the Australian 2013 was another successful year for the ABBC, Brain Bee Champion, is held annually at the with Brisbane student and 2012 ABBC Champion, Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS) meeting Jackson Huang, becoming the second Australian and in 2014 will be in Adelaide. student to win the International Brain Bee (IBB) In 2013, the ABBC and QBI also hosted a number Championship. The IBB was held in Vienna, Austria, of ABBC participants for work experience. Students in September where Jackson competed against came from across Queensland and had the students from 18 countries and completed five opportunity to spend a week at QBI experiencing neuroscience challenges to become the Interna- what it is like to be a neuroscientist. The ABBC also tional Winner. Jackson followed in the footsteps of continued their collaboration with indigenous or- 2011 ABBC Champion Teresa Tang, who also went ganisations including the Queensland Aboriginal on to win the IBB in 2012. and Torres Strait Islander Foundation, and The ABBC has three rounds, with Round 1 taking Generation One to ensure the competition is place during the annual Brain Awareness Week accessible to indigenous students and to encourage in March. Round 1 of the ABBC is an online quiz involvement. ABBC Founder, Professor Linda in which students have to demonstrate their Richards, was awarded the 2013 Vice-Chancellor's knowledge and understanding of brain structure, Equity and Diversity Award for her work in this area. function, anatomy, neurological diseases and With neurological and mental illness accounting for disorders. In 2013, there were 5,550 Year 10 student almost half of the total disease burden in Australia, participants in Round 1, taking the total number of the ABBC is one way that we can encourage participants to nearly 30,000 students over the 8 students to be interested in neuroscience research years since the ABBC was introduced in Australia. and to join QBI in finding treatments and cures The Round 2 Queensland event took place at for disease. The ABBC is continuing to develop QBI in June and was attended by 200 Year 10 meaningful ways to engage students, teachers and students and teachers from across Queensland. the community, and will continue to grow in 2014. The full-day competition was complemented with an impressive speaking program featuring Above: Eva Wang, ABBC Champion.

COMMUNITY 69 RECOGNITION

70 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Recognition

QBI is home to more than 300 dedicated researchers working to discover the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the ability of the adult brain to generate new nerve cells and form functional connections.

QBI researchers represent the Institute on a number of pivotal scientific organisations and serve on prestigious editorial boards. QBI’s track record in terms of publications, grants and awards further attests to the high standard of research being undertaken at the Institute.

Dr Leon Luan, Eyles laboratory.

RECOGNITION 71 FELLOWSHIPS AND AWARDS

Australian Research Council National Health and Medical disorders such as type 1 diabetes, cancer and schiz- (ABBC), and for her unflagging commitment to Research Council ophrenia offers hope of developing new therapies ensuring that this competition provides equal op- Discovery Early Career Researcher and preventative measures. The goal of Dr Byrne’s portunities to those in regional centres as well Awards John Cade Fellowship in Mental Health proposal is to develop new statistical methodolo- as students from an indigenous background. Research Dr Marta Garrido and Dr Hong Lee were successful gies for analysing genomic data, and to apply these Professor Richards has been passionate in her in obtaining funding in the second round of the In a major achievement, Professor John McGrath and existing methods to the very large cohorts efforts to make the ABBC more inclusive, drawing in ARC’s Discovery Early Career Researcher Award became one of only two national recipients of available at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. students from beyond the major urban centres, and (DECRA) scheme. a prestigious NHMRC John Cade Fellowship in His primary interest is in the genetic underpin- introducing them, their teachers and their families Mental Health Research. Professor McGrath and his nings of psychiatric disorders, and he will use his to neuroscience research on a major university Dr Garrido’s research program will build on her close colleagues Associate Professors Darryl Eyles new methods to analyse schizophrenia, autism and campus. More recently she has also collaborated ground-breaking work in the application of brain and Tom Burne are renowned for their research attention deficit hyperactivity disorder datasets. with indigenous organisations including the imaging methods, including electroencephalog- showing that low levels of vitamin D during Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander raphy (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance Dr Ben Sivyer was also the recipient of a CJ early life pose a risk for the later development Foundation and GenerationOne, who, through imaging (fMRI), for modelling large-scale Martin Overseas Biomedical Fellowship, the first of schizophrenia. The John Cade Fellowship will financial support and awareness programs, have brain networks in humans. Her key goal is to two years of which are being undertaken in the enable Professor McGrath to explore further ensured that the competition is more accessible understand the role of uncertainty in human laboratory of Dr Gabe Murphy at the Janelia Farm the association between early life vitamin D to indigenous students. This is an exciting behaviour and brain function. This will provide a Research Campus of the Howard Hughes Medical and childhood brain development, as well as development in raising the diversity of the ABBC, deeper knowledge of the brain mechanisms and Institute in Virginia. There are many visual areas subsequent mental health outcomes. It will also which is also being enhanced by the implementa- structural elements that contribute to the way in in the brain, and these are interconnected in a allow clinical trials to be established in Queensland tion of a work experience program for indigenous which uncertainty shapes decision making, and complex fashion. Determining how these different and will promote the training of junior psychia- students with an ongoing interest in science. provide insight into disorders that are linked to streams interact to process visual information trists in clinical neuroscience. Psychiatric disorders intolerance of uncertainty. is critical to our understanding of vision. During are a key area of QBI’s research program, and it the US phase of his fellowship, Dr Sivyer will focus UQ Foundation Research Dr Hong Lee’s project will establish new theories is noteworthy that Professor McGrath’s proposal on a brain region known as the superior colliculus. Excellence Award and statistical models to estimate the genome also includes new collaborations with three other This area is of particular interest because it QBI faculty, Professor Peter Visscher, Professor pleiotropy (the phenomenon whereby genes transforms multimodal sensory information into a Dr Jian Yang’s research excellence and leadership Pankaj Sah and Associate Professor Naomi Wray, exert effects on multiple traits) between complex coordinated representation of the external world, potential was acknowledged with a UQ Foundation building additional capacity in cross-disciplinary traits. By applying a novel design using multiple enabling head and eye movements to be directed Research Excellence Award. Dr Yang will use this mental health research. independent genome-wide association studies towards behaviourally relevant stimuli. award to develop advanced statistical methods to provide an unbiased estimation of genome to quantify the overall contributions of all DNA pleiotropy not affected by uncontrolled envi- variants (both common and rare single nucleotide ronmental effects, Dr Lee will be able to address Early Career Fellowships The University of Queensland polymorphisms or SNPs) to motor neuron disease, important biological questions such as whether As part of his CJ Martin Overseas Biomedical in order to test the hypothesis that rare SNPs human cognition is genetically identical across Vice-Chancellor’s Equity and Fellowship, Dr Enda Byrne is spending two years in explain a large proportion of the heritability of genders or different population groups. Diversity Award the laboratory of Professor Hakon Hakonarson at this disease. A software tool that implements the the Centre of Applied Genomics at the Children’s Professor Linda Richards was the recipient of the methods developed in this project will also be made Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute. Un- 2013 UQ Vice-Chancellor’s Equity and Diversity freely available to the wider scientific community derstanding the genetic aetiology of complex Award as testament to her outstanding leadership for research into other diseases of interest. in developing the Australian Brain Bee Challenge

72 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

COMMERCIALISATION

Despite a restructure of the Institute's commer- In 2013, QBI, in partnership with Boeing Research cialisation team during the year, QBI continued & Technology - Australia and the University of to discover and develop new methods Newcastle, was the recipient of an Australian for treating, preventing and diagnosing Research Council Linkage Project grant. The neurological diseases, as well as develop project, “Strategies for mid-air collision avoidance strategies for applying biologically-inspired in aircraft: lessons from bird flight” will study the mechanisms to machines. mechanisms by which birds successfully avoid collisions, even in confined places such as aviaries, QBI continues to maintain its strategic relationship and seek to apply some of these strategies to with UniQuest, the main commercialisation collision avoidance in unmanned aircraft. This company of The University of Queensland, research partnership may one day lead to providing access to commercialisation expertise, Professor Mandyam Srinivasan’s research literally processes and resources. UniQuest is recognised as guiding the way in aircraft navigation throughout an Australian leader in research commercialisation. the world. Professor Srinivasan’s research first 2013 saw a restructure within UniQuest, replacing came to Boeing’s attention in 2010 and the col- the hub-and-spoke model with a more versatile laboration has been building steadily since then. approach. UniQuest’s new model will be of great benefit to QBI as its application of brain research diversifies from disease and mental illness to mechanical applications and learning, with the Australian Research Council’s award of the Special Research Initiative Science of Learning Research Centre. Moving forward, QBI’s commercialisation activities will continue to be overseen by the Intellectual Property and Translational Committee.

Clem Jones Centre for Ageing and Dementia Research Director, Professor Jürgen Götz, made a significant finding this year that could revolu- tionise the future treatment of dementia sufferers, particularly those affected by amyloid plaques. In work still to be published Professor Götz has managed to clear a significant amount of amyloid plaques in an animal model of dementia. A patent application is currently being prepared for this technology.

Left: Professor Mandyam Srinivasan's laboratory is among those working together with commercial partners.

RECOGNITION 73 PUBLICATIONS

QBI researchers (noted in bold) have Balansa W, Islam R, Fontaine F, Piggott AM, Bellgrove MA, Eramudugolla R, Newman the pathomechanisms of Systemic Lupus R, Whittingham K, Ware RS, Comans TA, contributed to the following publications. Zhang H, Xiao X, Webb TI, Gilbert DF, Lynch DP, Vance A, Mattingley JB (2013) Influence Erythematosus? Modern Rheumatology doi Scuffham PA (2013) Move it to improve Some publications appeared as electronic JW, Capon RJ (2013) Sesterterpene glycinyl- of attentional load on spatial attention in :10.3109/14397595.2013.844297 [Epub ahead it (Mitii): study protocol of a randomised publications ahead of print. These are lactams: a new class of glycine receptor acquired and developmental disorders of of print] controlled trial of a novel web-based signalled as “epub 2012 print 2013”. modulator from Australian marine sponges attention. Neuropsychologia 51: 1085–1093 multimodal training program for children and Publications that appeared as electronic of the genus Psammocinia. Organic and Blomster LV, Brennan FH, Lao HW, Harle DW, adolescents with cerebral palsy. BMJ Open 3: publications in 2013 and print in 2014 are Biomolecular Chemistry 11: 4695-4701 Benyamin B, Pourcain B, Davis OS, Davies Harvey AR, Ruitenberg MJ (2013) Mobilisation e002853 signalled as “epub 2013 print 2014”. G, Hansell NK, Brion M-JA, Kirkpatrick RM, of the splenic monocyte reservoir and Balansa W, , , Fontaine F, Cents RAM, Franić S, Miller MB, Haworth CM, peripheral CX 3CR1 deficiency adversely affects Boyd RN, Ziviani J, Sakzewski L, Miller L, Any publications omitted from this report Islam R Gilbert DF 3 will appear in the 2014 Annual Report. Xiao X, Zhang H, Piggott AM, Lynch JW, Capon Meaburn E, Price TS, Evans DM, Timpson recovery from spinal cord injury. Experimental Bowden J, Cunnington R, Ware R, Guzzetta A, RJ (2013) Australian marine sponge alkaloids as N, Kemp J, Ring S, McArdle W, Medland SE, Neurology 247: 226-240 Macdonell RAL, Jackson GD, Abbott DF, Rose Journal Articles a new class of glycine-gated chloride channel Yang J, Harris SE, Liewald DC, Scheet P, Xiao S (2013) COMBIT: protocol of a randomised receptor modulator. Bioorganic and Medicinal X, Hudziak JJ, de Geus EJC, Wellcome Trust Blomster LV, Cowin GJ, Kurniawan ND, comparison trial of COMbined modified Alkaladi A, How MJ, Zeil J (2013) Systematic Chemistry 21: 4420-4425 Case Control Consortium 2, Jaddoe VWV, Starr Ruitenberg MJ (2013) Detection of constraint induced movement therapy and variations in microvilli banding patterns along JM, Verhulst FC, Pennell C, Tiemeier H, Iacono endogenous iron deposits in the injured bimanual intensive training with distributed fiddler crab rhabdoms. Journal of Comparative Barnes JJM, O’Connell RG, Nandam WG, Palmer LJ, Montgomery GW, Martin mouse spinal cord through high-resolution ex model of standard upper limb rehabilitation Physiology A 199: 99-113 epub 2012 print 2013 LS, Dean AJ, Bellgrove MA (2014) NG, Boomsma DI, Posthuma D, McGue M, vivo and in vivo MRI. NMR in Biomedicine 26: in children with congenital hemiplegia. BMC Monoaminergic modulation of behavioural Wright MJ, Davey Smith G, Deary IJ, Plomin 141-150 epub 2012 print 2013 Neurology 13: 68 Anderson-Schmidt H, Beltcheva O, Brandon MD, and electrophysiological indices of error Byrne EM, Diehl EJ, Duncan L, Gonzalez SD, R, Visscher PM (2014) Childhood intelligence Bode A, Lynch JW (2013) Analysis of processing. Psychopharmacology 231: 379-392 is heritable, highly polygenic and associated Brennan FH, Cowin GJ, Kurniawan ND, Hannon E, Kantojärvi K, Karagiannidis I, Kos MZ, epub 2013 print 2014 hyperekplexia mutations identifies Ruitenberg MJ (2013) Longitudinal Kotyuk E, Laufer BI, Mantha K, McGregor NW, with FNBP1L. Molecular Psychiatry 19: 253-258 transmembrane domain rearrangements that epub 2013 print 2014 assessment of white matter pathology in the Meier S, Nieratschker V, Spiers H, Squassina Barry D, Roque H, Dumoux M, Kriston-Vizi J, mediate glycine receptor activation. Journal of injured mouse spinal cord through ultra-high A, Thakur GA, Tiwari Y, Viswanath B, Way MJ, Bodea GO, Harper C (2013) Meeting report - Berndt SI, Gustafsson S, Mägi R, Ganna A, Biological Chemistry 288: 33760-33771 field (16.4T) in vivo diffusion tensor imaging. Wong CCP, O’Shea A, DeLisi LE (2013) Selected imaging in cell biology: where next? Journal of Wheeler E, Feitosa MF, Justice AE, Monda Bode A, Wood SE, Mullins JG, Keramidas A, NeuroImage 82: 574-585 rapporteur summaries from the XX World Cell Science 126: 43-44 [Meeting Report] KL, Croteau-Chonka DC, Day FR, Esko T, Fall Congress of Psychiatric Genetics, Hamburg, Cushion TD, Thomas RH, Pickrell WO, Drew CJ, Brion M-JA, Shakhbazov K, Visscher Barry G, Briggs JA, Vanichkina DP, Poth EM, T, Ferreira T, Gentilini D, Jackson AU, Luan J, Masri A, Jones EA, Vassallo G, Born AP, Alehan Germany, October 14-18, 2012. American Journal Randall JC, Vedantam S, Willer CJ, Winkler TW, PM (2013) Calculating statistical power of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Beveridge NJ, Ratnu VS, Nayler SP, Nones F, Aharoni S, Bannasch G, Bartsch M, Kara B, in Mendelian randomization studies. K, Hu J, Bredy TW, Nakagawa S, Rigo F, Taft Wood AR, Workalemahu T, Hu Y-J, Lee SH, Krause A, Karam EG, Matta S, Jain V, Mandel H, Genetics 162B: 96-121 [Rapid Publication] Liang L, Lin D-Y, Min JL, Neale BM, Thorleifsson International Journal of Epidemiology 42: RJ, Cairns MJ, Blackshaw S, Wolvetang EJ, Freilinger M, Graham GE, Hobson E, Chatfield 1497-1501 [Methodology] Anggono V, Koç-Schmitz Y, Widagdo J, Mattick JS (epub 2013) The long non-coding G, Yang J, Albrecht E, Amin N, Bragg-Gresham S, Vincent-Delorme C, Rahme JE, Afawi Z, Kormann J, Quan A, Chen C-M, Robinson PJ, RNA Gomafu is acutely regulated in response JL, Cadby G, den Heijer M, Eklund N, Fischer Berkovic SF, Howell OW, Vanbellinghen JF, Butler DL, Mattingley JB, Cunnington R, Choi S-Y, Linden DJ, Plomann M, Huganir RL to neuronal activation and involved in K, Goel A, Hottenga JJ, Huffman JE, Jarick I, Rees MI, Chung SK, Lynch JW (2013) New Suddendorf T (2013) Different neural processes (2013) PICK1 interacts with PACSIN to regulate schizophrenia-associated alternative splicing. Johansson Å, Johnson T, Kanoni S, Kleber ME, hyperekplexia mutations provide insight into accompany self-recognition in photographs AMPA receptor internalization and cerebellar Molecular Psychiatry doi:10.1038/mp.2013.45 König IR, Kristiansson K, Kutalik Z, Lamina glycine receptor assembly, trafficking, and across the lifespan: an ERP study using long-term depression. Proceedings of the [Epub ahead of print] C, Lecoeur C, Li G, Mangino M, McArdle activation mechanisms. Journal of Biological dizygotic twins. PLOS ONE 8: e72586 National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110: WL, Medina-Gomez C, Müller-Nurasyid M, Chemistry 288: 33745-33759 13976-13981 Baumann O, Mattingley JB (2013) Dissociable Ngwa JS, Nolte IM, Paternoster L, Pechlivanis Byrne EM, Carrillo-Roa T, Henders AK, representations of environmental size and S, Perola M, Peters MJ, Preuss M, Rose LM, Bortoletto M, Baker KS, Mattingley Bowdler L, McRae AF, Heath AC, Martin Baird E, Boeddeker N, Ibbotson MR, complexity in the human hippocampus. Shi J, Shungin D, Smith AV, Strawbridge RJ, JB, Cunnington R (2013) Visual-motor NG, Montgomery GW, Krause L, Wray NR Srinivasan MV (2013) A universal strategy for Journal of Neuroscience 33: 10526-10533 Surakka I, Teumer A, Trip MD, Tyrer J, Van interactions during action observation are (2013) Monozygotic twins affected with major visually guided landing. Proceedings of the Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Vandenput L, Waite LL, shaped by cognitive context. Journal of depressive disorder have greater variance in National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110: Baumann O, Mattingley JB (2014) Effects Zhao JH, Absher D, Asselbergs FW, Atalay M, Cognitive Neuroscience 25: 1794-1806 methylation than their unaffected co-twin. 18686-18691 of attention and perceptual uncertainty Attwood AP, Balmforth AJ, Basart H, Beilby J, Translational Psychiatry 3: e269 on cerebellar activity during visual motion Bonnycastle LL, Brambilla P, Bruinenberg M, Bortoletto M, Mattingley JB, Cunnington Baker-Andresen D, Flavell CR, Li X, Bredy perception. 13: 46-54 Cerebellum epub 2013 Campbell H, Chasman DI, Chines PS, Collins R (2013) Effects of context on visuomotor Byrne EM, Gehrman PR, Medland SE, TW (2013) Activation of BDNF signaling print 2014 FS, Connell JM, Cookson WO, de Faire U, de interference depends on the perspective of Nyholt DR, Heath AC, Madden PAF, Hickie prevents the return of fear in female mice. Vegt F, Dei M, Dimitriou M, Edkins S, Estrada observed actions. PLOS ONE 8: e53248 IB, Van Duijn CM, Henders AK, Montgomery Learning and Memory 20: 237-240 [Brief Bell S, Carter A, Mathews R, Gartner C, Lucke GW, Martin NG, Wray NR, The Chronogen J, Hall W (epub 2013) Views of addiction K, Evans DM, Farrall M, Ferrario MM, Visscher Boyd AW, Bartlett PF, Lackmann M (2014) Communication] PM et al. (2013) Genome-wide meta-analysis Consortium (2013) A genome-wide association neuroscientists and clinicians on the clinical Therapeutic targeting of EPH receptors and study of sleep habits and insomnia. Baker-Andresen D, Ratnu VS, Bredy TW impact of a ‘Brain Disease Model of Addiction’. identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits their ligands. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery and provides insights into genetic architecture. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: (2013) Dynamic DNA methylation: a prime Neuroethics doi:10.1007/s12152-013-9177-9 13 39-62 epub 2013 print 2014 Neuropsychiatric Genetics 162: 439–451 candidate for genomic metaplasticity and [Epub ahead of print] Nature Genetics 45: 501-12 behavioral adaptation. Trends in Neurosciences Boyd RN, Mitchell LE, James ST, Ziviani J, Byrne JH, Voogt M, Turner KM, Eyles DW, Bhagavathi Perumal M, Dhanasekaran Sakzewski L, Smith A, Rose S, Cunnington 36: 3–13 [Opinion] epub 2012 print 2013 S (epub 2013) Relaxin: a missing link in McGrath JJ, Burne THJ (2013) The impact of

74 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

PUBLICATIONS

adult vitamin D deficiency on behaviour and Chew YL, Fan X, Götz J, Nicholas HR (2013) disorders represent an interconnected S, Heiman GA, Hemmings SM, Hounie AG, Degenhardt L, Ferrari AJ, Calabria B, Hall WD, brain function in male Sprague-Dawley rats. PTL-1 regulates neuronal integrity and lifespan molecular system. Molecular Psychiatry Illmann C, Jankovic J, Jenike MA, Kennedy JL, Norman RE, McGrath J, Flaxman AD, Engell PLOS ONE 8: e71593 in C. elegans. Journal of Cell Science 126: doi:10.1038/mp.2013.16 [Epub ahead of print] King RA, Kremeyer B, Kurlan R, Lanzagorta RE, Freedman GD, Whiteford HA, Vos T (2013) 2079-2091 N, Leboyer M, Leckman JF, Lennertz L, Liu C, The global epidemiology and contribution of Calcagno B, Eyles D, van Alphen B, van Cui X, Groves NJ, Burne TH, Eyles Lochner C, Lowe TL, Macciardi F, McCracken cannabis use and dependence to the global Swinderen B (2013) Transient activation of Chew YL, Fan X, Götz J, Nicholas HR DW, McGrath JJ (2013) Low vitamin D JT, McGrath LM, Mesa Restrepo SC, Moessner burden of disease: results from the GBD 2010 dopaminergic neurons during development (2013) Aging in the nervous system of concentration exacerbates adult brain R, Morgan J, Muller H, Murphy DL, Naarden study. PLOS ONE 8: e76635 modulates visual responsiveness, locomotion Caenorhabditis elegans. Communicative and dysfunction. American Journal of Clinical AL, Ochoa WC, Ophoff RA, Osiecki L, Pakstis and brain activity in a dopamine ontogeny Integrative Biology 6: e25288 [Short Survey] Nutrition 97: 907-908 [Editorial] AJ, Pato MT, Pato CN, Piacentini J, Pittenger C, Delaney AJ, Sedlak PL, Autuori E, Power model of schizophrenia. Translational JM, Sah P (2013) Synaptic NMDA receptors in Chung SK, Bode A, Cushion TD, Thomas Cui X, Pelekanos M, Liu P-Y, Burne THJ, Pollak Y, Rauch SL, Renner TJ, Reus VI, Richter Psychiatry 2: e2026 MA, Riddle MA, Robertson MM, Romero basolateral amygdala principal neurons are RH, Hunt C, Wood SE, Pickrell WO, Drew CJ, McGrath JJ, Eyles DW (2013) The vitamin D triheteromeric proteins: physiological role of Carter A, Mathews R, Bell S, Lucke J, Hall W Yamashita S, Shiang R, Leiz S, Longhardt AC, receptor in dopamine neurons; its presence in R, Rosario MC, Rosenberg D, Rouleau GA, Ruhrmann S, Ruiz-Linares A, Sampaio AS, GluN2B subunits. Journal of Neurophysiology (2013) Control and responsibility in addicted Raile V, Weschke B, Puri RD, Verma IC, Harvey human substantia nigra and its ontogenesis in 109: 1391-1402 epub 2012 print 2013 individuals: what do addiction neuroscientists RJ, Ratnasinghe DD, Parker M, Rittey C, Masri rat midbrain. Neuroscience 236: 77–87 Samuels J, Sandor P, Sheppard B, Singer HS, and clinicians think? Neuroethics doi: 10.1007/ A, Lingappa L, Howell OW, Vanbellinghen J-F, Smit JH, Wray NR, et al. (2013) Partitioning Delerue F, Sjollema G, Whittle B, Kruger S, s12152-013-9196-6 Mullins JG, Lynch JW, Rees MI (2013) GLRB is Cullen CL, Burne THJ, Lavidis NA, Moritz KM the heritability of Tourette Syndrome and Andrews D, Götz J (2013) Single nucleotide the third major gene of effect in hyperekplexia. (2013) Low dose prenatal ethanol exposure obsessive compulsive disorder reveals variants (SNVs) define senescence-accelerated Carter A, Hall W (2013) Ethical implications of Human Molecular Genetics 22: 927-940 epub induces anxiety-like behaviour and alters differences in genetic architecture. PLOS SAMP8 Mice, a model of a geriatric condition. research on craving. Addictive Behaviors 38: 2012 print 2013 dendritic morphology in the basolateral Genetics 9: e1003864 Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease 36: 349–363 1593-1599 epub 2012 print 2013 amygdala of rat offspring. PLOS ONE 8: e54924 Cocchi L, Halford GS, Zalesky A, Harding IH, Day BW, Brett SW, Wilson J, Jeffree RL, Dell L-A, Kruger J-L, Pettigrew JD, Manger Chan E, Baumann O, Bellgrove MA, Ramm BJ, Cutmore T, Shum DH, Mattingley Cummins TDR, Jacoby O, Hawi Z, Nandam Jamieson PR, Ensbey KS, Bruce BC, Inglis PR (2013) Cellular location and major terminal Mattingley JB (2013) Extrinsic reference JB (epub 2013) Complexity in relational LS, Byrne MAV, Kim B-N, Wagner J, P, Allan S, Winter C, Tollesson G, Campbell networks of the orexinergic system in the frames modify the neural substrates of object- processing predicts changes in functional brain Chambers CD, Bellgrove MA (epub 2013) S, Lucas P, Findlay W, Kadrian D, Johnson brain of two megachiropterans. Journal of location representations. Neuropsychologia network dynamics. Cerebral Cortex doi:10.1093/ Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor gene variants D, Robertson T, Johns TG, Bartlett PF, Chemical Neuroanatomy 53: 64–71 51: 781–788 cercor/bht075 [Epub ahead of print] are associated with increased intra-individual Osborne GW, Boyd AW (2013) Glioma surgical variability in response time. Molecular aspirate: a viable source of tumor tissue for den Hoed M, Eijgelsheim M, Esko T, Brundel BJ, Chan E, Baumann O, Bellgrove MA, Cocchi L, Zalesky A, Fornito A, Mattingley JB Psychiatry doi:10.1038/mp.2013.140 [Epub experimental research. Cancers 5: 357-371 Peal DS, Evans DM, Nolte IM, Segre AV, Holm Mattingley JB (2013) Reference frames in (2013) Dynamic cooperation and competition ahead of print] H, Handsaker RE, Westra HJ, Johnson T, Isaacs allocentric representations are invariant between brain systems during cognitive Day BW, Stringer BW, Al-Ejeh F, Ting MJ, A, Yang J, Lundby A, Zhao JH, Kim YJ, Go MJ, across static and active encoding. Frontiers in control. Trends in Cognitive Science 17: 493- Dang C, Cribb TH, Osborne G, Kawasaki Wilson J, Ensbey KS, Jamieson PR, Bruce ZC, Almgren P, Bochud M, Boucher G, Cornelis Psychology 4: 565 501 [Opinion] M, Bedin AS, Barnes AC (2013) Effect of a Lim YC, Offenhäuser C, Charmsaz S, Cooper MC, Gudbjartsson D, Hadley D, van der Harst hemiuroid trematode on the hemocyte LT, Ellacott JK, Harding A, Leveque L, Inglis P, Hayward C, den Heijer M, Igl W, Jackson Chan E, Baumann O, Bellgrove MA, Contreras-Huerta LS, Baker KS, Reynolds immune parameters of the cockle Anadara P, Allan S, Walker DG, Lackmann M, Osborne Mattingley JB (2013) Negative emotional AU, Kutalik Z, Luan J, Kemp JP, Kristiansson KJ, Batalha L, Cunnington R (2013) Racial bias trapezia. Fish Shellfish Immunology 35: 951-956 G, Khanna KK, Reynolds BA, Lickliter JD, Boyd K, Ladenvall C, Lorentzon M, Montasser experiences during navigation enhance in neural empathic responses to pain. PLOS AW (2013) EphA3 maintains tumorigenicity parahippocampal activity during recall of Davis FM, Azimi I, Faville RA, Peters AA, Jalink ME, Njajou OT, O’Reilly PF, Padmanabhan ONE 8: e84001 and is a therapeutic target in glioblastoma S, St Pourcain B, Rankinen T, Salo P, Tanaka place information. Journal of Cognitive K, Putney JW, Jr., Goodhill GJ, Thompson multiforme. Cancer Cell 23: 238-248 Neuroscience 26: 154-164 Coulson EJ, Nykjaer A (2013) Up-regulation EW, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR (epub T, Timpson NJ, Vitart V, Waite L, Wheeler W, of sortilin mediated by amyloid-β and p75NTR: 2013) Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal de Busserolles F, Fitzpatrick JL, Paxton Zhang W, Draisma HH, Feitosa MF, Kerr KF, Chen M, Cooper HM, Zhou JZ, Bartlett PF, safety lies in the middle course. Journal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells JR, Marshall NJ, Collin SP (2013) Eye- Lind PA, Mihailov E, Onland-Moret NC, Song Xu ZP (2013) Reduction in the size of layered of Neurochemistry 127: 149-151 [Editorial is calcium signal dependent. Oncogene size variability in deep-sea lanternfishes C, Weedon MN, Xie W, Yengo L, Absher D, double hydroxide nanoparticles enhances the Highlight] doi:10.1038/onc.2013.187 [Epub ahead of print] (Myctophidae): an ecological and phylogenetic Albert CM, Alonso A, Arking DE, de Bakker efficiency of siRNA delivery. Journal of Colloid study. PLOS ONE 8: e58519 PI, Balkau B, Barlassina C, Benaglio P, Bis JC, and Interface Science 390: 275–281 epub 2012 Crane JW, Cox JL (2013) More than just a lack Davis LK, Yu D, Keenan CL, Gamazon ER, Bouatia-Naji N, Brage S, Chanock SJ, Chines PS, print 2013 of knowledge: a discussion of the potential Konkashbaev AI, Derks EM, Neale BM, Yang J, de Candia TR, Lee SH, Yang J, Browning BL, Chung M, Darbar D, Dina C, Dorr M, Elliott P, hidden-impact of poor pre enrolment science Lee SH, Evans P, Barr CL, Bellodi L, Benarroch Gejman PV, Levinson DF, Mowry BJ, Hewitt Felix SB, Fischer K, Fuchsberger C, de Geus EJ, Cheney KL, Newport C, McClure EC, background on nursing student success in F, Berrio GB, Bienvenu OJ, Bloch MH, Blom RM, JK, Goddard ME, O’Donovan MC, Purcell SM, Goyette P, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Hartikainen Marshall NJ (2013) Colour vision and bioscience subjects. International Journal Bruun RD, Budman CL, Camarena B, Campbell Posthuma D, The International Schizophrenia AL, Havulinna AS, Heckbert SR, Hicks AA, response bias in a coral reef fish. Journal of of Innovation in Science and Mathematics D, Cappi C, Cardona Silgado JC, Cath DC, Consortium, The Molecular Genetics of Hofman A, Holewijn S, Hoogstra-Berends F, Experimental Biology 216: 2967-2973 Education 21: 26-36 Cavallini MC, Chavira DA, Chouinard S, Conti Schizophrenia Collaboration, Visscher PM, Hottenga JJ, Jensen MK, Johansson A, Junttila DV, Cook EH, Coric V, Cullen BA, Deforce Wray NR, Keller MC (2013) Additive genetic J, Kaab S, Kanon B, Ketkar S, Khaw KT, Knowles Cheung A (2014) Animal path integration: Cristino AS, Williams SM, Hawi Z, An a model of positional uncertainty along D, Delorme R, Dion Y, Edlund CK, Egberts K, variation in schizophrenia risk is shared by JW, Kooner AS, Visscher PM et al. (2013) J-Y, Bellgrove MA, Schwartz CE, Costa Falkai P, Fernandez TV, Gallagher PJ, Garrido populations of African and European descent. Identification of heart rate-associated loci tortuous paths. Journal of Theoretical Biology L da F, Claudianos C (epub 2013) 341: 17-33 epub 2013 print 2014 H, Geller D, Girard SL, Grabe HJ, Grados American Journal of Human Genetics 93: and their effects on cardiac conduction and Neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric MA, Greenberg BD, Gross-Tsur V, Haddad 463-470 rhythm disorders. Nature Genetics 45: 621-631

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Ding K, Liu Y, Yan X, Lin X, Jiang T (2013) AG, Willems SM, Willemsen G, Witteman J, Goetze TA, Harper CB, Nguyen TH, of the vesicular inhibitory amino acid Proceedings of the National Academy of Altered functional connectivity of the primary J, Perola M, Evans A, Ferrières J, Virtamo Maywood E, O’Brien J, Schiavo G, Wheeler transporter differentially regulates respiratory Sciences of the USA 110: E643-E652 visual cortex in subjects with amblyopia. J, Kee F, Tregouet DA, Arveiler D, Amouyel DW, Meunier FA, Hastings M, Edwardson and locomotor motor neuron development. Neural Plasticity 2013: 612086 P, Ferrario MM, Brambilla P, Hall AS, Heath JM, Sesardic D, Caleo M, Hunt SP, Davletov Brain Structure and Function doi:10.1007/ Gibson G, Visscher PM (2013) From AC, Madden PAF, Martin NG, Montgomery B (2013) Synthetic self-assembling clostridial s00429-013-0673-9 [Epub ahead of print] personalized to public health genomics. Dixon C, Harvey TJ, Smith AG, Gronostajski GW, Whitfield JB, Jula A, Knekt P, Oostra B, chimera for modulation of sensory functions. Genome Medicine 5: 60 [Musings] RM, Bailey TL, Piper M (2013) Nuclear van Duijn CM, Penninx BWJH, Davey Smith Bioconjugate Chemistry 24: 1750-1759 Foley DL, Mackinnon A, Watts GF, Shaw factor one X regulates bobby sox during JE, Magliano DJ, Castle DJ, McGrath Goldinger A, Henders AK, McRae AF, G, Kaprio J, Samani NJ, Gieger C et al. (2013) Martin NG, Gibson G, Montgomery GW, development of the mouse forebrain. Cellular The role of adiposity in cardiometabolic traits: Feulner PGD, Gratten J, Kijas JW, Visscher PM, JJ, Waterreus A, Morgan VA, Galletly CA and Molecular Neurobiology 33: 867–873 Pemberton JM, Slate J (2013) Introgression (2013) Cardiometabolic risk indicators that Visscher PM, Powell JE (2013) Genetic and a Mendelian randomization analysis. PLOS nongenetic variation revealed for the principal [Short Communication] Medicine 10: e1001474 and the fate of domesticated genes in a wild distinguish adults with psychosis from the mammal population. Molecular Ecology 22: general population, by age and gender. PLOS components of human gene expression. Duboff B, Feany M,Götz J (2013) Why Fan L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Han W, Yu C, Jiang T 4210–4221 ONE 8: e82606 Genetics 195: 1117-1128 size matters - balancing mitochondrial (epub 2013) Connectivity-based parcellation Goriely A, McGrath JJ, Hultman CM, Wilkie AO, dynamics in Alzheimer’s disease. Trends in of the human temporal pole using diffusion Filippich C, Wolvetang EJ, Mowry BJ (2013) Will Fothergill T, Donahoo A-LS, Douglass Neurosciences 36: 325–335 [Review] brain cells derived from induced pluripotent A, Zalucki O, Yuan J, Shu T, Goodhill GJ, Malaspina D (2013) “Selfish spermatogonial tensor imaging. Cerebral Cortex doi:10.1093/ selection”: a novel mechanism for the cercor/bht196 [Epub ahead of print] stem cells or directly converted from somatic Richards LJ (epub 2013) Netrin-DCC signaling Eckert A, Nisbet R, Grimm A, Götz J (epub cells (iNs) be useful for schizophrenia research? regulates corpus callosum formation through association between advanced paternal age 2013) March separate, strike together - Role Fan Y, Abrahamsen G, Mills R, Calderon Schizophrenia Bulletin 39: 948 attraction of pioneering axons and by and neurodevelopmental disorders. American of phosphorylated TAU in mitochondrial CC, Tee JY, Leyton L, Murrell W, Cooper- modulating Slit2-mediated repulsion. Cerebral Journal of Psychiatry 170: 599-608 dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease. Filmer HL, Mattingley JB, Dux PE (2013) White J, McGrath JJ, Mackay-Sim A (2013) Cortex doi:10.1093/cercor/bhs395 [Epub ahead Götz J, Lim Y-A, Eckert A (2013) Lessons from Biochimica et Biophysica Acta doi:10.1016/j. Focal adhesion dynamics are altered in Improved multitasking following prefrontal of print] bbadis.2013.08.013s [Epub ahead of print] tDCS. Cortex 49: 2845–2852 [Research Report] two prevalent amyloidoses - what amylin schizophrenia. Biological Psychiatry 74: and Aβ have in common. Frontiers in Aging 418–426 [Archival Report] Frans EM, Sandin S, Reichenberg A, Langstrom Erskine H, Mattingley JB, Arnold DH (2013) Filmer HL, Mattingley JB, Marois R, Dux PE N, Lichtenstein P, McGrath JJ, Hultman Neuroscience 5: 38 Synaesthesia and colour constancy. Cortex Fenlon LR, Suárez R (2013) Thalamic afferents (2013) Disrupting prefrontal cortex prevents CM (2013) Autism risk across generations: 49: 1082–1088 [Research Report] epub 2012 performance gains from sensory-motor Götz J, Xia D, Leinenga G, Chew YL, Nicholas and neocortical arealization: an ongoing a population-based study of advancing H (2013) What renders TAU toxic. Frontiers in print 2013 journey. Journal of Neuroscience 33: 13938- training. Journal of Neuroscience 33: 18654- grandpaternal and paternal age. JAMA 18660 Neurology 4: 72 Eyles DW, Burne THJ, McGrath JJ (2013) 13939 [Student Club] Psychiatry 70: 516-521 Vitamin D, effects on brain development, Flavell CR, Lambert EA, Winters BD, Gratten J, Visscher PM, Mowry BJ, Wray NR Fernández-Rhodes L, Demerath EW, Cousminer Fuentes MMPB, Cleguer C, Liebsch N, Bedford (2013) Interpreting the role of de novo protein- adult brain function and the links between DL, Tao R, Dreyfus JG, Esko T, Smith AV, Bredy TW (2013) Mechanisms governing G, Amber D, Hankin C, McCarthy P, Shimada low levels of vitamin D and neuropsychiatric the reactivation-dependent destabilization coding mutations in neuropsychiatric disease. Gudnason V, Harris TB, Launer L, McArdle T, Whap T, Marsh H (2013) Adapting dugong Nature Genetics 45: 234-238 disease. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 34: PF, Yerges-Armstrong LM, Elks CE, Strachan of memories and their role in extinction. catching techniques to different cultural and 47-64 epub 2012 print 2013 DP, Kutalik Z, Vollenweider P, Feenstra B, Boyd Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 7: 214 environmental settings. Marine Mammal Groves NJ, Kesby JP, Eyles DW, McGrath Fall T, Hägg S, Mägi R, Ploner A, Fischer HA, Metspalu A, Mihailov E, Broer L, Zillikens Flynn AJ, Marshall NJ (2013) Lanternfish Science 29: 159-166 epub 2011 print 2013 JJ, Mackay-Sim A, Burne THJ (2013) Adult K, Horikoshi M, Sarin A-P, Thorleifsson G, MC, Oostra B, van Duijn CM, Lunetta KL, Perry (Myctophidae) zoogeography off Eastern vitamin D deficiency leads to behavioural and JRB, Murray A, Koller DL, Lai D, Corre T, Toniolo Garrido MI, Sahani M, Dolan RJ (2013) brain neurochemical alterations in C57BL/6J Ladenvall C, Kals M, Kuningas M, Draisma Australia: a comparison with physicochemical Outlier responses reflect sensitivity to HHM, Ried JS, van Zuydam NR, Huikari D, Albrecht E, Stöckl D, Grallert H, Gieger biogeography. PLOS ONE 8: e80950 and BALB/c mice. Behavioural Brain Research C, Hayward C, Polasek O, Rudan I, Wilson statistical structure in the human brain. 241: 120-131 epub 2012 print 2013 V, Mangino M, Sonestedt E, Benyamin B, PLOS Computational Biology 9: e1002999 Nelson CP, Rivera NV, Kristiansson K, Shen JF, He C, Kraft P, Hu FB, Hunter DJ, Hottenga Fogarty MJ, Hammond LA, Kanjhan R, J-J, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, Byrne EM, Bellingham MC, Noakes PG (2013) A method Hamlin AS, Windels F, Boskovic Z, Sah H-Y, Havulinna AS, Dehghan A, Donnelly Gazova I, Laczo J, Rubinova E, Mokrisova I, P, Coulson EJ (2013) Lesions of the basal LA, Kaakinen M, Nuotio ML, Robertson N, de Martin NG, Montgomery GW, Warrington for the three-dimensional reconstruction of Hyncicova E, Andel R, Vyhnalek M, Sheardova NM, Pennell CE, Stolk L, Visser JA, Hofman A, Neurobiotin™-filled neurons and the location forebrain cholinergic system in mice disrupt Bruijn RFAG, Ikram MA, Amin N, Balmforth K, Coulson EJ, Hort J (2013) Spatial navigation idiothetic navigation. PLOS ONE 8: e53472 AJ, Braund PS, Doney ASF, Döring A, Elliott P, Uitterlinden AG, Rivadeneira F, Lin P, Fisher SL, of their synaptic inputs. Frontiers in Neural in young versus older adults. Frontiers in Esko T, Franco OH, Gretarsdottir S, Hartikainen Bierut LJ, Crisponi L, Porcu E, Mangino M, Zhai Circuits 7: 1-18 [Methods Article] Aging Neuroscience 5: 94 Hamlyn J, Duhig M, McGrath J, Scott J (2013) A-L, Heikkilä K, Herzig K-H, Holm H, Hottenga G, Spector TD, Buring JE, Rose LM, Ridker PM, Modifiable risk factors for schizophrenia and Poole C, Hirschhorn JN, Murabito JM, Chasman Fogarty MJ, Smallcombe KL, Yanagawa Y, Gehrman PR, Pfeiffenberger C,Byrne EM JJ, Hyppönen E, Illig T, Isaacs A, Isomaa B, Obata K, Bellingham MC, Noakes PG (2013) autism - shared risk factors impacting on brain Karssen LC, Kettunen J, Koenig W, Kuulasmaa DI, Widen E, North KE, Ong KK, Franceschini N (2013) The role of genes in the insomnia development. Neurobiology of Disease 53: 3-9 (2013) Association of adiposity genetic variants Genetic deficiency of GABA differentially phenotype. Sleep Medicine Clinics 8: 323-331 K, Laatikainen T, Laitinen J, Lindgren C, regulates respiratory and non-respiratory epub 2012 print 2013 Lyssenko V, Läärä E, Rayner NW, Männistö with menarche timing in 92,105 women of European descent. American Journal of motor neuron development. PLOS ONE 8: Ghai R, Bugarcic A, Liu H, Norwood SJ, Han L, Talwar S, Lynch JW (2013) The relative S, Pouta A, Rathmann W, Rivadeneira F, e56257 Skeldal S, Coulson EJ, Li SS-C, Teasdale Ruokonen A, Savolainen MJ, Sijbrands EJG, Epidemiology 178: 451-460 orientation of the TM3 and TM4 domains RD, Collins BM (2013) Structural basis varies between α1 and α3 glycine receptors. Small KS, Smit JH, Steinthorsdottir V, Syvänen Ferrari E, Gu C, Niranjan D, Restani L, Rasetti- Fogarty MJ, Yanagawa Y, Obata K, Bellingham for endosomal trafficking of diverse A-C, Taanila A, Tobin MD, Uitterlinden MC, Noakes PG (epub 2013) Genetic absence ACS Chemical Neuroscience 4: 248-254 [Letter] Escargueil C, Obara I, Geranton SM, Arsenault transmembrane cargos by PX-FERM proteins. epub 2012 print 2013

76 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

PUBLICATIONS

Han L, Talwar S, Wang Q, Shan Q, Lynch Hawi Z, Matthews N, Wagner J, Wallace RH, Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Keramidas A, Lynch JW (2013) An outline of JU, Leanage G, Kharatishvili I, Wimmer V, JW (2013) Phosphorylation of α3 glycine Butler TJ, Vance A, Kent L, Gill M, Bellgrove Sciences 369: 20130148 epub 2013 print 2014 desensitization in pentameric ligand-gated ion Calamante F, Galloway GJ, Petrou S, Reutens receptors induces a conformational change MA (2013) DNA variation in the SNAP25 gene channel receptors. Cellular and Molecular Life DC (2014) Visualization of mouse barrel in the glycine-binding site. ACS Chemical confers risk to ADHD and is associated with Hunt JJ, Dayan P, Goodhill GJ (2013) Sparse Sciences 70: 1241-1253 epub 2012 print 2013 cortex using ex-vivo track density imaging. Neuroscience 4: 1361–1370 reduced expression in prefrontal cortex. PLOS coding can predict primary visual cortex NeuroImage 87: 465-475 epub 2013 print 2014 ONE 8: e60274 receptive field changes induced by abnormal Kerbler GM, Hamlin AS, Pannek K, Hanlon RT, Chiao C-C, Mäthger LM, Marshall visual input. PLOS Computational Biology 9: Kurniawan ND, Keller MD, Rose SE, Coulson EJ Lanham SA, Roberts C, Habgood AK, NJ (2013) A fish-eye view of cuttlefish Hemani G, Yang J, Vinkhuyzen A, Powell e1003005 (2013) Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance Alexander S, Burne THJ, Eyles DW, Trueman camouflage using in situ spectrometry. JE, Willemsen G, Hottenga J-J, Abdellaoui imaging detection of basal forebrain CN, Cooper M, McGrath JJ, Oreffo ROC Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 109: A, Mangino M, Valdes AM, Medland SE, Jääskeläinen E, Juola P, Hirvonen N, McGrath cholinergic degeneration in a mouse model. (2013) Effect of vitamin D deficiency during 535-551 Madden PA, Heath AC, Henders AK, Nyholt JJ, Saha S, Isohanni M, Veijola J, Miettunen J NeuroImage 66: 133-141 epub 2012 print 2013 pregnancy on offspring bone structure, DR, de Geus EJC, Magnusson PKE, Ingelsson (2013) A systematic review and meta-analysis composition and quality in later life. Journal of Harnett MT, Xu N-L, Magee JC, Williams E, Montgomery GW, Spector TD, Boomsma of recovery in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Kesby JP, Cui X, Burne TH, Eyles DW Developmental Origins of Health and Disease SR (2013) Potassium channels control DI, Pedersen NL, Martin NG, Visscher PM Bulletin 39: 1296–1306 epub 2012 print 2013 (2013) Altered dopamine ontogeny in the 4: 49-55 epub 2012 print 2013 the interaction between active dendritic developmentally vitamin D deficient rat and (2013) Inference of the genetic architecture Jacoby O, Kamke MR, Mattingley JB integration compartments in layer 5 cortical underlying BMI and height with the use of its relevance to schizophrenia. Frontiers in Cell Lee NM, Lucke J, Hall WD, Meurk C, Boyle FM, pyramidal neurons. Neuron 79: 516-529 (2013) Is the whole really more than the Neuroscience 7: 111 Carter A (2013) Public views on food addiction 20,240 sibling pairs. American Journal of sum of its parts? Estimates of average size Human Genetics 93: 865–875 and obesity: implications for policy and Harper CB, Popoff MR, McCluskey A, and orientation are susceptible to object Kim B-N, Kim J-W, Cummins TDR, Bellgrove treatment. PLOS ONE 8: e74836 Robinson PJ, Meunier FA (2013) Targeting Hong SB, Zalesky A, Cocchi L, Fornito A, Choi substitution masking. Journal of Experimental MA, Hawi Z, Hong S-B, Yang Y-H, Kim H-J, membrane trafficking in infection prophylaxis: EJ, Kim HH, Suh JE, Kim CD, Kim JW, Yi SH Psychology: Human Perception and Shin M-S, Cho S-C, Kim J-H, Son J-W, Shin Y-M, Lee SH, Harold D, Nyholt DR, ANZGene dynamin inhibitors. Trends in Cell Biology 23: (2013) Decreased functional brain connectivity Performance 39: 233-244 epub 2012 print 2013 Chung U-S, Han D-H (2013) Norepinephrine Consortium International Endogene, The 90–101 epub 2012 print 2013 genes predict response time variability Genetic and Environmental Risk for in adolescents with internet addiction. PLOS James VM, Bode A, Chung SK, Gill JL, Nielsen ONE 8: e57831 and methylphenidate-induced changes in Alzheimer’s Disease Consortium, Goddard ME, Harris L, Dixon C, Cato K, Heng YH, Kurniawan M, Cowan FM, Vujic M, Thomas RH, Rees neuropsychological function in attention Zondervan KT, Williams J, Montgomery GW, ND, Ullmann JFP, Janke AL, Gronostajski RM, Hort J, Andel R, Mokrisova I, Gazova I, MI, Harvey K, Keramidas A, Topf M, Ginjaar deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Wray NR, Visscher PM (2013) Estimation and Richards LJ, Burne THJ, Piper M (2013) Amlerova J, Valis M, Coulson EJ, Harrison J, I, Lynch JW, Harvey RJ (2013) Novel missense Clinical Psychopharmacology 33: 356-362 partitioning of polygenic variation captured Heterozygosity for nuclear factor one X affects Windisch M, Laczo J (2014) Effect of donepezil mutations in the glycine receptor β subunit by common SNPs for Alzheimer’s disease, hippocampal-dependent behaviour in mice. in Alzheimer disease can be measured by a gene (GLRB) in startle disease. Neurobiology Kim JH, Lavan D, Chen N, Flores C, Cooper multiple sclerosis and endometriosis. Human PLOS ONE 8: e65478 computerized human analog of the Morris of Disease 52: 137–149 epub 2012 print 2013 H, Lawrence AJ (2013) Netrin-1 receptor- Molecular Genetics 22: 832-841 epub 2012 deficient mice show age-specific impairment Harrison WJ, Mattingley JB, Remington RW water maze. Neurodegenerative Diseases 13: Jiang T (2013) Brainnetome: a new -ome print 2013 2-3 epub 2013 print 2014 in drug-induced locomotor hyperactivity (2013) Eye movement targets are released to understand the brain and its disorders. but still self-administer methamphetamine. Lee SH, Ripke S, Neale BM, Faraone SV, Purcell from visual crowding. Journal of Neuroscience How MJ, Marshall NJ (2014) Polarization NeuroImage 80: 263–272 Psychopharmacology 230: 607-616 SM, Perlis RH, Mowry BJ, Thapar A, Goddard 33: 2927-2933 distance: a framework for modelling object ME, Witte JS, Absher D, Agartz I, Akil H, Amin Jiang T, Zhou Y, Liu B, Liu Y, Song M (2013) Kirszenblat L, Neumann B, Coakley S, Harrison WJ, Mattingley JB, Remington RW detection by polarization vision systems. Brainnetome-wide association studies in F, Andreassen OA, Anjorin A, Anney R, Anttila Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Hilliard MA (2013) A dominant mutation in V, Arking DE, Asherson P, Azevedo MH, (2013) Author response. Releasing crowding schizophrenia: the advances and future. mec-7/β-tubulin affects axon development prior to a saccade requires more than Sciences 281: 20131632 epub 2013 print 2014 Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37: Backlund L, Badner JA, Bailey AJ, Banaschewski and regeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans T, Barchas JD, Barnes MR, Barrett TB, Bass “attention”: response to van Koningsbruggen How MJ, Zanker JM (epub 2013) Motion 2818–2835 neurons. Molecular Biology of the Cell 24: 285- and Buonocore. Journal of Neuroscience 33: 4 N, Battaglia A, Bauer M, Bayés M, Bellivier camouflage induced by zebra stripes. Zoology Johnston ANB, Massa H, Burne THJ (2013) 296 epub 2012 print 2013 F, Bergen SE, Berrettini W, Betancur C, Harrison WJ, Retell JD, Remington RW, doi:10.1016/j.zool.2013.10.004 [Epub ahead of Digital lecture recording: a cautionary tale. Bettecken T, Biederman J, Binder EB, Black print] Köhler C, Dinekov M, Götz J (2013) Active Mattingley JB (2013) Visual crowding at a Nurse Education in Practice 13: 40-47 epub glycogen synthase kinase-3 and tau DW, Blackwood DH, Bloss CS, Boehnke M, distance during predictive remapping. Current Huang H, Jeon T, Sedmak G, Pletikos M, 2012 print 2013 pathology-related tyrosine phosphorylation Boomsma DI, Breen G, Breuer R, Bruggeman Biology 23: 793–798 [Report] R, Cormican P, Buccola NG, Buitelaar JK, Vasung L, Xu X, Yarowsky P, Richards LJ, Johnston SE, Gratten J, Berenos C, Pilkington in pR5 human tau transgenic mice. Kostović I, Šestan N, Mori S (2013) Coupling Neurobiology of Aging 34: 1369–1379 Bunney WE, Buxbaum JD, Byerley WF, Byrne Hawi Z, Matthews N, Barry E, Kirley A, JG, Clutton-Brock TH, Pemberton JM, Slate J EM, Caesar S, Cahn W, Cantor RM, Casas Wagner J, Wallace RH, Heussler HS, Vance diffusion imaging with histological and gene (2013) Life history trade-offs at a single locus expression analysis to examine the dynamics Kottler B, Bao H, Zalucki O, Imlach W, M, Chakravarti A, Chambert K, Choudhury A, Gill M, Bellgrove MA (2013) A high maintain sexually selected genetic variation. Troup M, van Alphen B, Paulk A, Zhang B, K, Cichon S, Cloninger CR, Collier DA, Cook density linkage disequilibrium mapping in 14 of cortical areas across the fetal period of Nature 502: 93–95 [Letter] human brain development. Cerebral Cortex van Swinderen B (2013) A sleep/wake circuit EH, Coon H, Cormand B, Corvin A, Coryell noradrenergic genes: evidence of association controls isoflurane sensitivity in Drosophila. WH, Craig DW, Craig IW, Crosbie J, Cuccaro between SLC6A2, ADRA1B and ADHD. 23: 2620–2631 epub 2012 print 2013 Kee N, Wilson N, Key B, Cooper HM (2013) Netrin-1 is required for efficient neural tube Current Biology 23: 594–598 [Report] ML, Curtis D, Czamara D, Datta S, Dawson Psychopharmacology 225: 895-902 epub 2012 Hulme SR, Jones OD, Raymond CR, Sah G, Day R, De Geus EJ, Degenhardt F, Djurovic print 2013 closure. Developmental Neurobiology 73: Kurniawan ND, Richards KL, Yang Z, She P, Abraham WC (2014) Mechanisms of 176–187 epub 2012 print 2013 S, Donohoe GJ, Doyle AE, Duan J, Dudbridge heterosynaptic metaplasticity. Philosophical D, Ullmann JF, Moldrich RX, Liu S, Yaksic F, Duketis E, Ebstein RP, Edenberg HJ, Elia J,

RECOGNITION 77 PUBLICATIONS

Ennis S, Etain B, Fanous A, Farmer AE, Ferrier Liu H, Guo X, Wu J, Chen G-B, Ying Y (2013) M, Schofield PR, Schubert OK, Schweizer Matthews N, Gold BJ, Sekuler R, Park S childhood and old age. Biological Psychiatry IN, Flickinger M, Fombonne E, Foroud T, Frank Development of universal genetic markers B, Seemuller F, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, (2013) Gesture imitation in Schizophrenia. 73: 938-943 [Priority Communication] J, Franke B, Fraser C, Visscher PM, Wray NR based on single-copy orthologous (COSII) Severino G, Seymour LR, Slaney C, Smoller Schizophrenia Bulletin 39: 94-101 epub 2011 et al. (2013) Genetic relationship between five genes in Poaceae. Plant Cell Reports 32: 379- JW, Squassina A, Stamm T, Steele J, Stopkova print 2013 McLean D, Barrett R, Loa P, Thara R, John S, psychiatric disorders estimated from genome- 388 epub 2012 print 2013 P, Tighe SK, Tortorella A, Turecki G, Wray McGrath J, Gratten J, Mowry B (epub 2013) wide SNPs. Nature Genetics 45: 984-994 NR, Wright A, Zandi PP, Zilles D, Bauer M, Matthews N, Todd J, Mannion DJ, Finnigan S, Comparing schizophrenia symptoms in the Liu Y, Chunshui Y, Zhang X, Liu J, Duan Y, Rietschel M, McMahon FJ, Schulze TG, Alda Catts S, Michie PT (2013) Impaired processing Iban of Sarawak with other populations to Lee SH, Wray NR (2013) Novel genetic Alexander-Bloch AF, Liu B, Jiang T, Bullmore M (2013) Assessment of response to lithium of binaural temporal cues to auditory scene elucidate clinical heterogeneity. Asia-Pacific analysis for case-control genome-wide E (epub 2013) Impaired long distance maintenance treatment in bipolar disorder: a analysis in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Psychiatry doi:10.1111/appy.12093 [Epub ahead association studies: quantification of power functional connectivity and weighted network consortium on lithium genetics (ConLiGen) Research 146: 344–348 of print] and genomic prediction accuracy. PLOS ONE architecture in Alzheimer’s disease. 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Medicine doi:10.1017/s0033291713002973 [Epub Narayanan RK, Mangelsdorf M, Panwar Nivison-Smith L, Collin SP, Zhu Y, Ready S, Takahashi A, Xu H, Behrens TW, Siminovitch recordings in behaving Drosophila reveal ahead of print] A, Butler TJ, Noakes PG, Wallace RH (2013) Acosta ML, Hunt DM, Potter IC, Kalloniatis M KA, Momohara S, Matsuda F, Yamamoto oscillatory activity and local coherence in Identification of RNA bound to the TDP-43 (2013) Retinal amino acid neurochemistry of K, Plenge RM (epub 2013) Genetics of response to sensory stimulation and circuit Mowry BJ, Gratten J (2013) The emerging ribonucleoprotein complex in the adult the southern hemisphere lamprey, Geotria rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology activation. Journal of Neurophysiology 110: spectrum of allelic variation in schizophrenia: mouse brain. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis australis. PLOS ONE 8: e58406 and drug discovery. 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Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Papadopulos A, Martin S, Tomatis Parkinson’s Disease Genomic Consortium, Bhandari B, Bikbov B, Bin Abdulhak A, Birbeck Systems: Theory and Applications doi:10.1007/ VM, Gormal RS, Meunier FA (2013) Nalls M, Keller MF, Wellcome Trust Case G, Black JA, Blencowe H, Blore JD, Blyth F, Newport C, Wallis G, Temple SE, Siebeck UE s10846-013-9840-8 [Epub ahead of print] Secretagogue stimulation of neurosecretory Control Consortium, Benyamin B, Whitfield JB, Bolliger I, Bonaventure A, Boufous S, Bourne (2013) Complex, context-dependent decision cells elicits filopodial extensions uncovering Pramstaller PP, Hicks AA, Thompson JR, Minelli R, Boussinesq M, Braithwaite T, Brayne C, strategies of archerfish, Toxotes chatareus. O’Leary C, Cole SJ, Langford M, Hewage new functional release sites. Journal of C (2013) Serum iron levels and the risk of Bridgett L, Brooker S, Brooks P, Brugha TS, Animal Behaviour 86: 1265-1274 J, White A, Cooper HM (2013) RGMa Neuroscience 33: 19143-19153 Parkinson disease: a Mendelian randomization regulates cortical interneuron migration and Bryan-Hancock C, Bucello C, Buchbinder Nguyen VT, Breakspear M, Cunnington Papadopulos A, Tomatis VM, Kasula R, study. PLOS Medicine 10: e1001462 R, Buckle G, Budke CM, Burch M, Burney P, differentiation. PLOS ONE 8: e81711 R (epub 2013) Fusing concurrent EEG-fMRI Meunier FA (2013) The cortical acto-myosin Ploense KL, Kerstetter KA, Wade MA, Burstein R, Calabria B, Campbell B, Canter with dynamic causal modeling: application Okada Y, Wu D, Trynka G, Raj T, Terao C, Ikari network: from diffusion barrier to functional CE, Carabin H, Carapetis J, Carmona L, Cella C, Woodward NC, Maliniak D, Reyes M, Uchizono to effective connectivity during face K, Kochi Y, Ohmura K, Suzuki A, Yoshida gateway in the transport of neurosecretory RS, Bredy TW, Kippin TE (2013) Exposure Charlson F, Chen H, Cheng AT, Chou D, Chugh perception. NeuroImage doi:10.1016/j. S, Graham RR, Manoharan A, Ortmann W, vesicles to the plasma membrane. Frontiers in SS, Coffeng LE, Colan SD, Colquhoun S, Colson to histone deacetylase inhibitors during neuroimage.2013.06.083 [Epub ahead of print] Bhangale T, Denny JC, Carroll RJ, Eyler AE, Endocrinology 4: 1-11 Pavlovian conditioning enhances subsequent KE, Condon J, Connor MD, Cooper LT, Corriere Greenberg JD, Kremer JM, Pappas DA, Jiang M, Cortinovis M, de Vaccaro KC, Couser W, Nguyen VT, Cunnington R (epub 2013) Parnell GP, Gatt PN, McKay FC, Schibeci cue-induced reinstatement of operant behavior. L, Yin J, Ye L, Su DF, Yang J, Xie G, Keystone E, Behavioural Pharmacology 24: 164-171 Cowie BC, Criqui MH, Cross M, Dabhadkar The superior temporal sulcus and the N170 Westra HJ, Esko T, Metspalu A, Zhou X, Gupta S, Krupa M, Powell JE, Visscher PM, KC, Dahiya M, Dahodwala N, Damsere-Derry during face processing: single trial analysis of N, Mirel D, Stahl EA, Diogo D, Cui J, Liao K, Montgomery GW, Lechner-Scott J, Broadley Polderman TJC, Hoekstra RA, Vinkhuyzen J, Danaei G, Davis A, De Leo D, Degenhardt concurrent EEG-fMRI. NeuroImage doi:10.1016/j. 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Multiple Sclerosis 1985-1996 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis diagnosed with schizophrenia over the last doiI:10.1177/1352458513507819 [Epub ahead three decades - A Danish nationwide study J, Gonzalez-Gay MA, Rodriguez-Rodriguez for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. L, Rantapaa-Dahlqvist S, Arlestig L, Choi HK, of print] Poonian SK, Cunnington R (2013) Intentional Lancet 380: 2197-2223 epub 2012 print 2013 from 1980 to 2010. Schizophrenia Research binding in self-made and observed actions. 146: 22-27 Kamatani Y, Galan P, Lathrop M, Eyre S, Bowes Paulk A, Millard SS, van Swinderen B (2013) J, Barton A, de Vries N, Moreland LW, Criswell Experimental Brain Research 229: 419–427 Nandam LS, Hester R, Wagner J, Dean AJ, Vision in Drosophila: seeing the world through [Volition] Messer C, Honeysett A, Nathan PJ, Bellgrove Nilsen LH, Rae C, Ittner LM, Götz J, LA, Karlson EW, Taniguchi A, Yamada R, Kubo a model’s eyes. 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effects on gene expression estimated from V, Völzke H, Wellmann J, Yu L, Zhao W, Allik J, Z, Tansey KE, Teumer A, Viktorin A, Barnes MR, Saharan S, Jhaveri DJ, Bartlett PF (2013) region: the effect of distance and local pedigree and SNP data. PLOS Genetics 9: Attia JR, Bandinelli S, Bastardot F, Beauchamp Bettecken T, Binder EB, Breuer R, Castro VM, SIRT1 regulates the neurogenic potential of experience. Animal Behaviour 86: 291-307 e1003502 J, Bennett DA, Berger K, Bierut LJ, Boomsma Churchill SE, Coryell WH, Craddock N, Craig IW, neural precursors in the adult subventricular DI, Bultmann U, Campbell H, Chabris CF, Czamara D, De Geus EJ, Degenhardt F, Farmer zone and hippocampus. Journal of Schiffner I, Srinivasan MV (2013) Behavioural Price MC, Mattingley JB (2013) Automaticity Cherkas L, Chung MK, Cucca F, de Andrade M, AE, Fava M, Frank J, Gainer VS, Gallagher PJ, Neuroscience Research 91: 642-659 lateralization in budgerigars varies with the in sequence-space synaesthesia: a critical De Jager PL, De Neve JE, Deary IJ, Dedoussis Gordon SD, Goryachev S, Gross M, Guipponi task and the individual. PLOS ONE 8: e82670 appraisal of the evidence. Cortex 49: 1165–1186 GV, Deloukas P, Dimitriou M, Eiríksdóttir G, M, Henders AK, Herms S, Hickie IB, Hoefels Sale MV, Mattingley JB (2013) Selective epub 2012 print 2013 enhancement of motor cortical plasticity Schiffner I, Wiltschko R (2013) Development Elderson MF, Eriksson JG, Visscher PM et al. S, Hoogendijk W, Hottenga JJ, Iosifescu DV, of the navigational system in homing pigeons: (2013) GWAS of 126,559 individuals identifies Ising M, Jones I, Jones L, Jung-Ying T, Knowles by observed mirror-matched actions. Pujic Z, Goodhill GJ (2013) A dual NeuroImage 74: 30–36 increase in complexity of the navigational compartment diffusion chamber for studying genetic variants associated with educational JA, Kohane IS, Kohli MA, Korszun A, Landen map. Journal of Experimental Biology 216: axonal chemotaxis in 3D collagen. Journal of attainment. Science 340: 1467-1471 [Report] M, Lawson WB, Lewis G, Macintyre D, Maier Sale MV, Ridding MC, Nordstrom MA (2013) 2675-2681 W, Mattheisen M, McGrath PJ, McIntosh Neuroscience Methods 215: 53-59 Ripke S, O’Dushlaine C, Chambert K, Moran Time of day does not modulate improvements A, McLean A, Middeldorp CM, Middleton L, in motor performance following a repetitive Schuck PF, de Assis DR, Viegas CM, Brandão Rathje M, Fang H, Bachman JL, Anggono JL, Kähler AK, Akterin S, Bergen SE, Collins Montgomery GM, Murphy SN, Nauck M, Nolen Pereira TC, Machado JL, Furlanetto CB, Bogo AL, Crowley JJ, Fromer M, Kim Y, Lee ballistic motor training task. Neural Plasticity V, Gether U, Huganir RL, Madsen KL (2013) WA, Nyholt DR, O’Donovan M, Oskarsson H, 2013: 396865 MR, Streck EL, Ferreira GC (2013) Ethylmalonic AMPA receptor pHluorin-GluA2 reports NMDA SH, Magnusson PKE, Sanchez N, Stahl Pedersen N, Scheftner WA, Schulz A, Schulze acid modulates Na+, K+-ATPase activity and receptor-induced intracellular acidification in EA, Williams S, Wray NR, Xia K, Bettella TG, Shyn SI, Sigurdsson E, Slager SL, Smit JH Salomon JA, Vos T, Hogan DR, Gagnon M, mRNA levels in rat cerebral cortex. Synapse 67: hippocampal neurons. Proceedings of the F, Borglum AD, Bulik-Sullivan BK, Cormican et al. (2013) A mega-analysis of genome-wide Naghavi M, Mokdad A, Begum N, Shah R, 111-117 epub 2012 Print 2013 National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110: P, Craddock N, de Leeuw C, Durmishi N, Gill association studies for major depressive Karyana M, Kosen S, Farje MR, Moncada G, 14426-14431 M, Golimbet V, Hamshere ML, Holmans P, disorder. Molecular Psychiatry 18: 497–511 epub Dutta A, Sazawal S, Dyer A, Seiler J, Aboyans Schwab SG, Kusumawardhani AAA, Dai N, Hougaard DM, Kendler KS, Lin K, Morris DW, 2012 print 2013 V, Baker L, Baxter A, Benjamin EJ, Bhalla K, Bin Qin W, Wildenauer MDB, Agiananda F, Amir Revez JA, Bain L, Chapman B, Powell JE, Jansen Mors O, Mortensen PB, Neale BM, O’Neill Abdulhak A, Blyth F, Bourne R, Braithwaite N, Antoni R, Arsianti T, Asmarahadi A, Diatri R, Duffy DL, Tung JY, AAGC Collaborators, FA, Owen MJ, Milovancevic MP, Posthuma Roberts JA, Wallis G, Breakspear M (2013) T, Brooks P, Brugha TS, Bryan-Hancock C, H, Djatmiko P, Irmansyah I, Khalimah S, Penninx PM, Visscher PM, De Geus D, Powell J, Richards AL, Riley BP, Ruderfer Fixational eye movements during viewing Buchbinder R, Burney P, Calabria B, Chen Kusumadewi I, Kusumaningrum P, Lukman PR, EJ, Boomsma DI, Hinds DA, Martin NG, D, Rujescu D, Sigurdsson E, Silagadze T, Smit of dynamic natural scenes. Frontiers in H, Chugh SS, Cooley R, Criqui MH, Cross Mustar L, Nasrun MW, Naswati S, Prasetiyawan Montgomery GW, Ferreira MAR (2013) A new AB, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Suvisaari J, Psychology 4: 797 M, Dabhadkar KC, Dahodwala N, Davis P, Semen GM, Siste K, Tobing H, Widiasih regulatory variant in the interleukin-6 receptor Tosato S, Verhage M, Walters JT, Consortium A, Degenhardt L, Díaz-Torné C, Dorsey ER, N, Wiguna T, Wulandari WD, Benyamin B, gene associates with asthma risk. Genes and Multicenter Genetics Studies of Schizophrenia Robinson AK, Mattingley JB, Reinhard J Wildenauer DB (2013) Association of rs1344706 (2013) Odors enhance the salience of matching Driscoll T, Edmond K, Elbaz A, Ezzati M, Feigin Immunity 14: 441-446 Consortium, Psychosis Endophenotypes V, Ferri CP, Flaxman AD, Flood L, Fransen in the ZNF804A gene with schizophrenia International Consortium, Wellcome Trust images during the attentional blink. Frontiers in a case/control sample from Indonesia. Reyes S, Fu Y, Double KL, Cottam V, Thompson in Integrative Neuroscience 7: 77 M, Fuse K, Gabbe BJ, Gillum RF, Haagsma J, Case Control Consortium 2, Levinson DF, Harrison JE, Havmoeller R, Hay RJ, Hel-Baqui Schizophrenia Research 147: 46-52 LH, Kirik D, Paxinos G, Watson C, Cooper HM, Gejman PV, Kendler KS, Laurent C, Mowry Halliday GM (2013) Trophic factors differentiate Robinson EB, Howrigan D, Yang J, Ripke A, Hoek HW, Hoffman H, Hogeland E, Hoy D, Shan ZY, Wright MJ, Thompson PM, McMahon BJ, O’Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Pulver AE, Riley S, Anttila V, Duncan LE, Jostins L, Barrett Jarvis D, Karthikeyan G, Knowlton LM, Lathlean dopamine neurons vulnerable to Parkinson’s BP, Schwab SG, Wildenauer DB, Dudbridge KL, Blokland GG, de Zubicaray GI, Martin NG, disease. Neurobiology of Aging 34: 873-886 JC, Medland SE, Macarthur DG, Breen G, T, Leasher JL, Lim SS, Lipshultz SE, Lopez AD, Vinkhuyzen AA, Reutens DC (2014) Modeling F, Holmans P, Shi J, Albus M, Alexander O’Donovan MC, Wray NR, Devlin B, Daly MJ, Lozano R, Lyons R, Malekzadeh R, Marcenes epub 2012 print 2013 M, Campion D, Cohen D, Dikeos D, Duan of the hemodynamic responses in block Visscher PM, Sullivan PF, Neale BM (epub W, March L, Margolis DJ, McGill N, McGrath design fMRI studies. Journal of Cerebral Blood Rietveld CA, Medland SE, Derringer J, Yang J, J, Eichhammer P, Godard S, Hansen M, Lerer 2013) Response to ‘Predicting the diagnosis of J, Mensah GA, Meyer A-C, Michaud C, Moran FB, Liang KY, Maier W, Mallet J, Nertney DA, Flow and Metabolism 34: 316-324 epub 2013 Esko T, Martin NW, Westra H-J, Shakhbazov autism spectrum disorder using gene pathway A, Mori R, Murdoch ME, Naldi L, Newton CR, print 2014 K, Abdellaoui A, Agrawal A, Albrecht E, Nestadt G, Norton N, O’Neill FA, Papadimitriou analysis’. Molecular Psychiatry doi:10.1038/ Norman R, Omer SB, Osborne R, Pearce N, Alizadeh BZ, Amin N, Barnard J, Baumeister GN, Ribble R, Sanders AR, Silverman JM, Walsh mp.2013.125: [Epub ahead of print] [Letters to Perez-Ruiz F, Perico N, Pesudovs K, Phillips D, Simpson HD, Kita EM, Scott EK, Goodhill SE, Benke KS, Bielak LF, Boatman JA, Boyle D, Williams NM, Wormley B, Arranz MJ, Bakker the Editor] Pourmalek F, Prince M, Rehm JT, Remuzzi G, GJ (2013) A quantitative analysis of branching, PA, Davies G, de Leeuw C, Eklund N, Evans S, Bender S, Bramon E, Collier D et al. (2013) Richardson K et al. (2013) Common values in growth cone turning and directed growth in DS, Ferhmann R, Fischer K, Gieger C, Gjessing Genome-wide association analysis identifies Saha S, Scott JG, Varghese D, McGrath JJ assessing health outcomes from disease and zebrafish retinotectal axon guidance. Journal HK, Hagg S, Harris JR, Hayward C, Holzapfel 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia. Nature (2013) Socio-economic disadvantage and injury: disability weights measurement study of Comparative Neurology 521: 1409–1429 C, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Ingelsson E, Jacobsson Genetics 45: 1150–1159 delusional-like experiences: a nationwide for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. epub 2012 Print 2013 population-based study. European Psychiatry B, Joshi PK, Jugessur A, Kaakinen M, Kanoni Ripke S, Wray NR, Lewis CM, Hamilton SP, Lancet 380: 2129-2143 epub 2012 print 2013 S, Karjalainen J, Kolcic I, Kristiansson K, 28: 59-63 epub 2011 print 2013 Sivyer B, Williams SR (2013) Direction Weissman MM, Breen G, Byrne EM, Blackwood Sanchez Vega MC, Chong S, Burne THJ selectivity is computed by active dendritic Kutalik Z, Lahti J, Lee SH, Lin P, Lind PA, Liu Y, DH, Boomsma DI, Cichon S, Heath AC, Saha S, Stedman TJ, Scott JG, McGrath JJ Lohman K, Loitfelder M, McMahon G, Vidal (2013) Early gestational exposure to moderate integration in retinal ganglion cells. Nature Holsboer F, Lucae S, Madden PA, Martin NG, (2013) The co-occurrence of common mental concentrations of ethanol alters adult Neuroscience 6: 1848–1856 PM, Meirelles O, Milani L, Myhre R, Nuotio McGuffin P, Muglia P, Noethen MM, Penninx and physical disorders within Australian ML, Oldmeadow CJ, Petrovic KE, Peyrot WJ, behaviour in C57BL/6J mice. Behavioural Brain BP, Pergadia ML, Potash JB, Rietschel M, Lin D, families: a national population-based study. Research 252: 326–333 Soares MPM, Barchuk AR, Simões ACQ, Polašek O, Quaye L, Reinmaa E, Rice JP, Rizzi Müller-Myhsok B, Shi J, Steinberg S, Grabe HJ, Australian and New Zealand Journal of dos Santos Cristino A, de Paula Freitas TS, Schmidt H, Schmidt R, Smith AV, Smith JA, Lichtenstein P, Magnusson P, Perlis RH, Preisig Psychiatry 47: 754–761 Schiffner I, Fuhrmann P, Wiltschko R (2013) FC, Canhos LL, Bitondi MMG (2013) Genes Tanaka T, Terracciano A, van der Loos MJ, Vitart M, Smoller JW, Stefansson K, Uher R, Kutalik Homing flights of pigeons in the Frankfurt involved in thoracic exoskeleton formation

80 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

PUBLICATIONS

during the pupal-to-adult molt in a social Terwisscha van Scheltinga AF, Bakker SC, van S, Morris SW, Cardone L, Cass S, Ghiban E, and response inhibition in developmentally of individuals? Genome Medicine 5: 80 insect model, Apis mellifera. BMC Genomics Haren NE, Derks EM, Buizer-Voskamp JE, Boos Hennah W, Evans KL, Rebolini D, Millar JK, vitamin D (DVD)-deficient rats. Behavioural [Musings] 14: 576 HB, Cahn W, Hulshoff Pol HE, Ripke S, Ophoff Harris SE, Starr JM, Macintyre DJ, McIntosh AM, Brain Research 242: 47–53 [Research Report] RA, Kahn RS, Consortium PG-wAS, Mowry BJ, Watson JD, Deary IJ, Visscher PM, Blackwood epub 2012 print 2013 Vukovic J, Bedin A-S, Bartlett PF, Osborne Spanevello MD, Tajouri SI, Mirciov C, McGrath JJ, Nertney DA, Brown MA, Danoy DH, McCombie WR, Porteous DJ (epub 2013) GW (2013) A novel fluorescent reporter CDy1 Kurniawan ND, Pearse MJ, Fabri LJ, Owczarek PA, Catts SV (2013) Genetic schizophrenia 708 common and 2010 rare DISC1 locus Turner KM, Burne THJ (2013) Interaction of enriches for neural stem cells derived from the CM, Hardy MP, Bradford RA, Ramunno ML, risk variants jointly modulate total brain and variants identified in 1542 subjects: analysis genotype and environment: effect of strain murine brain. Stem Cells and Development 22: Turnley A, Ruitenberg M, Boyd AW, Bartlett white matter volume. Biological Psychiatry for association with psychiatric disorder and housing conditions on cognitive behavior 2341-2345 [Technical Note] PF (2013) Acute delivery of EphA4-Fc improves in rodent models of schizophrenia. Frontiers 73: 525-531 and cognitive traits. Molecular Psychiatry Vukovic J, Borlikova GG, Ruitenberg functional recovery after contusive spinal doi:10.1038/mp.2013.68 [Epub ahead of print] in Behavioral Neuroscience 7: 97 cord injury in rats. Journal of Neurotrauma 30: Terwisscha van Scheltinga AF, Bakker SC, MJ, Robinson GJ, Sullivan RK, Walker TL, 1023-1034 Van Haren NEM, Derks EM, Buizer-Voskamp Tian T, Qin W, Liu B, Wang D, Wang J, Jiang van Alphen B, van Swinderen B (2013) Bartlett PF (2013) Immature doublecortin- JE, Cahn W, Ripke S, Consortium PG-WASG, T, Yu C (2013) Catechol-O-methyltransferase Drosophila strategies to study psychiatric positive hippocampal neurons are important Stegeman S, Jolly LA, Premarathne S, Gecz J, Ophoff RA, Kahn RS, Ripke S, Sanders AR, Val158Met polymorphism modulates gray disorders. Brain Research Bulletin 92: 1–11 epub for learning but not for remembering. Journal Richards LJ, Mackay-Sim A, Wood SA (2013) Kendler KS, Levinson DF, Sklar P, Holmans matter volume and functional connectivity of 2011 print 2013 of Neuroscience 33: 6603-6613 Loss of Usp9x disrupts cortical architecture, PA, Lin DY, Duan J, Ophoff RA, Andreassen the default mode network. PLOS One 8: e78697 hippocampal development and TGFβ- van Alphen B, Yap MH, Kirszenblat L, Wallis G, Ringelhan S (2013) The dynamics OA, Scolnick E, Cichon S, St Clair D, Corvin Kottler B, van Swinderen B (2013) A dynamic of perceptual rivalry in bistable and tristable mediated axonogenesis. PLOS ONE 8: e68287 A, Gurling H, Werge T, Rujescu D, Blackwood Tian T, Qin W, Liu B, Jiang T, Yu C (2013) Functional connectivity in healthy subjects deep sleep stage in Drosophila. Journal of perception. Journal of Vision 13: 1-21 Stjepanović D, Lorenzetti V, Yücel M, Hawi Z, DHR, Pato CN, Malhotra AK, Purcell S, Neuroscience 33: 6917-6927 Dudbridge F, Neale BM, Rossin L, Visscher is nonlinearly modulated by the COMT and Wang P, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liu S, Zhou B, Zhang Z, Bellgrove MA (2013) Human amygdala volume DRD2 polymorphisms in a functional system- is predicted by common DNA variation in the PM, Posthuma D, Ruderfer DM, Fanous Varghese D, Scott JG, Bor W, Williams GM, Yao H, Zhang X, Jiang T (2013) Perceptual and A, Stefansson H, Steinberg S, Mowry BJ, dependent manner. Journal of Neuroscience Najman JM, McGrath JJ (2013) The association response interference in Alzheimer’s disease stathmin and serotonin transporter genes. 33: 17519-17526 Translational Psychiatry 3: e283 Golimbet V, De Hert M, Jönsson EG, Bitter I, between adult attachment style and and mild cognitive impairment. Clinical Pietiläinen OPH, Collier DA, Tosato S, Agartz Tian X, Liu C, Jiang T, Rizak J, Ma Y, Hu X delusional-like experiences in a community Neurophysiology 124: 2389–2396 Stringer S, Derks EM, Kahn RS, Hill WG, Wray I, Albus M, Alexander M, Amdur RL, Amin (2013) Feature-reduction and semi-simulated sample of women. Journal of Nervous and NR (2013) Assumptions and properties of F, Bass N, Bergen SE, Black DW, Børglum Mental Disease 201: 525-529 Watson TC, Koutsikou S, Cerminara NL, data in functional connectivity-based cortical Flavell CR, Crook JJ, Lumb BM, Apps R limiting pathway models for analysis of AD, Brown MA, Bruggeman R, Buccola NG, parcellation. Neuroscience Bulletin 29: 333-347 epistasis in complex traits. PLOS ONE 8: Byerley WF, Cahn W, Cantor RM, Carr VJ, Catts Varghese D, Wray NR, Scott JG, Williams (2013) The olivo-cerebellar system and its e68913 SV, Choudhury K, Cloninger CR, Cormican P, Tomatis VM, Papadopulos A, Malintan GM, Najman JM, McGrath JJ (2013) The relationship to survival circuits. Frontiers in Craddock N, Danoy PA, Datta S, De Haan L, NT, Martin S, Wallis T, Gormal RS, Kendrick- heritability of delusional-like experiences. Acta Neural Circuits 7: 72 [Mini review] Sutherland DJ, Goodhill GJ (epub 2013) The Demontis D, Dikeos D, Djurovic S, Donnelly Jones J, Buss F, Meunier FA (2013) Myosin VI Psychiatrica Scandinavica 127: 48-52 epub 2012 interdependent roles of Ca²+ and cAMP in print 2013 Wei Z, Wang W, Bradfield J, Li J, Cardinale P, Donohoe G, Duong L, Dwyer S, Fink- small insert isoform maintains exocytosis by C, Frackelton E, Kim C, Mentch F, Van axon guidance. Developmental Neurobiology Jensen A, Freedman R, Freimer NB, Friedl M, tethering secretory granules to the cortical doi:10.1002/dneu.22144 [Epub ahead of print] Verweij KJ, Vinkhuyzen AAE, Benyamin Steen K, Visscher PM, Baldassano RN, Georgieva L, Giegling I, Gill M, Glenthøj B, actin. Journal of Cell Biology 200: 301-320 B, Lynskey MT, Quaye L, Agrawal A, Gordon Hakonarson H (2013) Large sample size, wide Godard S, Hamshere M, Hansen M, Hansen Talwar S, Lynch JW, Gilbert DF (2013) Travis SL, Mattingley JB, Dux PE (2013) SD, Montgomery GW, Madden PA, Heath AC, variant spectrum, and advanced machine- Fluorescence-based high-throughput T, Hartmann AM, Henskens FA, Hougaard Spector TD, Martin NG, Medland SE (2013) The learning technique boost risk prediction for DM, Hultman CM, Ingason A, Jablensky AV, On the role of working memory in spatial functional profiling of ligand-gated ion contextual cueing. Journal of Experimental genetic aetiology of cannabis use initiation: inflammatory bowel disease. American Journal channels at the level of single cells. PLOS ONE Jakobsen KD, Jay M, Jürgens G, McGrath JJ et a meta-analysis of genome-wide association of Human Genetics 92: 1008–1012 [Report] al. (2013) Schizophrenia genetic variants are Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 8: e58479 29: 208-219 epub 2012 print 2013 studies and a SNP-based heritability not associated with intelligence. Psychological estimation. Addiction Biology 18: 846 [Brief Westra H-J, Peters MJ, Esko T, Yaghootkar H, Taylor CJ, Jhaveri DJ, Bartlett PF (2013) Medicine 43: 2563-2570 Trzaskowski M, Davis OSP, DeFries JC, Yang J, Report] epub 2012 print 2013 Schurmann C, Kettunen J, Christiansen MW, Fairfax BP, Schramm K, , Zhernakova The therapeutic potential of endogenous Visscher PM, Plomin R (2013) DNA evidence Powell JE Tey L-S, Wallis G, Cloete S, Ferreira L (2013) A, Zhernakova DV, Veldink JH, Van den Berg hippocampal stem cells for the treatment of for strong genome-wide pleiotropy of Vinkhuyzen AA, Wray NR, Yang J, Goddard Modelling driver behaviour towards innovative LH, Karjalainen J, Withoff S, Uitterlinden neurological disorders. Frontiers in Cellular cognitive and learning abilities. Behavior ME, Visscher PM (2013) Estimation and warning devices at railway level crossings. AG, Hofman A, Rivadeneira F, ‘t Hoen PAC, Neuroscience 7: 5 Genetics 43: 267-273 partition of heritability in human populations Accident Analysis and Prevention 51C: 104-111 using whole-genome analysis methods. Reinmaa E, Fischer K, Nelis M, Milani L, Melzer Taylor GJ, Luu T, Ball D, Srinivasan MV (2013) epub 2012 print 2013 Trzaskowski M, Yang J, Visscher PM, Plomin Annual Review of Genetics 47: 75-95 D, Ferrucci L, Singleton AB, Hernandez DG, Vision and air flow combine to streamline Nalls MA, Homuth G, Nauck M, Radke D, Tey L-S, Wallis G, Cloete S, Ferreira L, Zhu R (epub 2013) DNA evidence for strong flying honeybees. Science Reports 3: 2614 Visscher PM (2013) Commentary: height and Völker U, Perola M, Salomaa V, Brody J, Suchy- S (2013) Evaluating driver behavior toward genetic stability and increasing heritability of intelligence from age 7 to 12. Molecular Mendel’s theory: the long and the short of Dicey A, Gharib SA, Enquobahrie DA, Lumley Temple SE, Manietta D, Collin SP (2013) innovative warning devices at railway level it. International Journal of Epidemiology 42: T, Montgomery GW, Makino S, Prokisch H, A comparison of behavioural (Landolt C) crossings using a driving simulator. Journal of Psychiatry doi:10.1038/mp.2012.191 [Epub ahead of print] 944-945 [Commentary] Herder C, Roden M, Grallert H, Meitinger and anatomical estimates of visual acuity in Transportation Safety and Security 5: 118-130 T, Strauch K, Li Y, Jansen RC, Visscher PM, archerfish (Toxotes chatareus). Vision Research Turner KM, Young JW, McGrath JJ, Eyles Visscher PM, Gibson G (2013) What if we had Knight JC, Psaty BM, Ripatti S, Teumer A, 83: 1-8 Thomson PA, Parla JS, McRae AF, Kramer M, whole-genome sequence data for millions Ramakrishnan K, Yao J, Soares DC, McCarthy DW, Burne THJ (2013) Cognitive performance Frayling TM, Metspalu A, van Meurs JBJ, Franke

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L (2013) Systematic identification of trans Yao H, Liu Y, Zhou B, Zhang Z, An N, Wang P, Jhaveri DJ, Prosper BW, Bartlett PF (2013) Conference on Robotics and Automation. eQTLs as putative drivers of known disease Wang L, Zhang X, Jiang T (2013) Decreased Culturing and expansion of precursor cells University of New South Wales, Australia associations. Nature Genetics 45: 1238-1245 functional connectivity of the amygdala in from the adult hippocampus. In Methods Alzheimer’s disease revealed by resting-state in Molecular Biology, eds. B. A. Reynolds, L. Williams DC, El Bejjani R, Ramirez P, Coakley fMRI. European Journal of Radiology 82: P. Deleyrolle, 41-51. New York, United States: S, Kim SA, Lee H, Wen Q, Samuel A, Lu H, 1531–1538 Humana Press [Protocol] Hilliard MA, Hammarlund M (2013) Rapid and permanent neuronal inactivation in vivo via Yuan J, Chan S, Mortimer D, Nguyen H, Osborne GW (2013). Flow cytometry of neural subcellular generation of reactive oxygen with Goodhill GJ (2013) Optimality and saturation cells. In Methods in Molecular Biology, eds. B. the use of killerred. Cell Reports 5: 553–563 in axonal chemotaxis. Neural Computation 25: A. Reynolds, L. P. Deleyrolle, 135-44. New York, 833-853 [Letter] United States: Humana Press [Protocol] Williams RJ, McMahon KL, Hocking J, Reutens DC (epub 2013) Comparison of block Zhang X, Lei X, Wu T, Jiang T (epub 2013) Yang J, Lee SH, Goddard ME, Visscher and event-related experimental designs in A review of EEG and MEG for brainnetome PM (2013). Genome-wide complex trait diffusion-weighted functional MRI. Journal research. Cognitive Neurodynamics doi:10.1007/ analysis (GCTA): methods, data analyses, and of Magnetic Resonance Imaging doi:10.1002/ s11571-013-9274-9 [Epub ahead of print] interpretations. In Methods in Molecular jmri.24353 [Epub ahead of print] Biology, eds. C. Gondro, J. van der Werf, B. Zhang Y, Zhang J, Xu J, Wu X, Zhang Y, Feng Hayes, 215-236. New York, United States: Williams SR (2013) Synchrony and the single H, Wang J, Jiang T (2014) Cortical gyrification Humana Press neuron. Nature Neuroscience 16: 1714-1715 reductions and subcortical atrophy in [News and Views] Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders 29: Refereed Conference Proceedings 122-126 epub 2013 print 2014 Wray NR, Yang J, Hayes BJ, Price AL, Goddard Baker S, Soccol D, Postula A, Srinivasan ME, Visscher PM (2013) Pitfalls of predicting Zhou B, Liu Y, Zhang Z, An N, Yao H, Wang MV (2013) Passive landing gear using coupled complex traits from SNPs. Nature Reviews P, Wang L, Zhang X, Jiang T (2013) Impaired mechanical design. Australasian Conference Genetics 14: 507-515 [Perspective] functional connectivity of the thalamus on Robotics and Automation. University of in Alzheimer’ s disease and mild cognitive New South Wales, Australia Wray NR, Yang J, Hayes BJ, Price AL, Goddard impairment: a resting-state fMRI study. ME, Visscher PM (2013) Author reply to A Current Alzheimer Research 10: 754-766 Bossomaier T, Delaney AJ, Crane J, Gobet commentary on Pitfalls of predicting complex F, Harre M (2013) The neurological scaling traits from SNPs. Nature Reviews Genetics 14: Zhou J, Wen Y, She L, Sui YN, Liu L, Richards of human expertise. Cognitive The Fifth 894 [Correspondence] LJ, Poo MM (2013) Axon position within the International Conference on Advanced corpus callosum determines contralateral Cognitive Technologies and Applications. Wu MCL, Brennan FH, Lynch JPL, Mantovani cortical projection. Proceedings of the Valencia, Spain S, Phipps S, Wetsel RA, Ruitenberg MJ, National Academy of Sciences of the USA 110: Taylor SM, Woodruff TM (2013) The receptor E2714-E2723 Ng KB, Bradley AP, Cunnington R (2013) for complement component C3a mediates Effect of posterized naturalistic stimuli on protection from intestinal ischemia-reperfusion Zhu Y, Li Z, Chen M, Cooper HM, Lu GQM, SSVEP-based BCI. Annual International injuries by inhibiting neutrophil mobilization. Xu ZP (2013) One-pot preparation of highly Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Proceedings of the National Academy of fluorescent cadmium telluride/cadmium Medicine and Biology Society. Osaka, Japan Sciences of the USA 110: 9439-9444 sulfide quantum dots under neutral-pH condition for biological applications. Journal of Strydom R, Thurrowgood S, Srinivasan MV Wu W, Moreno AM, Tangen JM, Reinhard J Colloid and Interface Science 390: 3–10 epub (2013) Airborne vision system for the detection (2013) Honeybees can discriminate between 2012 print 2013 of moving objects. Australasian Conference on Monet and Picasso paintings. Journal of Robotics and Automation. University of New Comparative Physiology A 199: 45-55 epub Zhu Y, Li Z, Chen M, Cooper HM, Xu ZP South Wales, Australia 2012 print 2013 (2013) Tuning core-shell SiO2@CdTe@SiO2 fluorescent nanoparticles for cell labeling. Thiruvarudchelvan V, Crane JW, Bossomaier Yang L, Neale BM, Liu L, Lee SH, Wray NR, Ji N, Journal of Materials Chemistry B 1: 2315-2323 T (2013) Analysis of spikeprop convergence Li H, Qian Q, Wang D, Li J, Faraone SV, Wang Y, with alternative spike response functions. IEEE Subgroup PGCA (2013) Polygenic transmission Book Chapters Symposium on Foundations of Computational and complex neuro developmental network Intelligence. Singapore for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Blackmore DG, Rietze RL (2013) Distribution Genome-wide association study of both of neural precursor cells in the adult mouse Wang AG, Kurniawati H, Singh S, Srinivasan M common and rare variants. American Journal brain. In Methods in Molecular Biology, eds. B. (2013) Animal locomotion in silico: a POMDP- of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric A. Reynolds, L. P. Deleyrolle, 183-194. New York, based tool to study mid-air collision avoidance Genetics 162: 419-430 United States: Humana Press [Protocol] strategies in flying animals. Australasian

82 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

Section through the mouse hippocampus, showing immature doublecortin-positive neurons (red) and activated Arc-positive neurons (green) in the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus.

RECOGNITION 83 GRANTS

The following contains information on national and Götz J - Nuclear functions of the microtubule- Human Frontier Science Program Bredy T - MicroRNA regulation of fear-related international competitive funding for grants and associated protein tau, $300,000, 3 years memory, $473,222, 3 years fellowships that received funding starting in 2013; Organisation GST and other yearly increments are not included in Hayes I, Jones C, Colvin R, Meinicke L - Understand- Collins B, Teasdale R, Coulson E, King G - Under- the amounts shown. Internal grants and fellowships ing concurrent programs using rely-guarantee Research Grant Program standing how membrane trafficking controls the thinking, $305,000, 3 years [awarded to and levels of Alzheimer's disease causing Aß peptides, awarded by The University of Queensland have been Altshuler D, Lentink D, Srinivasan M - Visual control administered by UQ's School of Information $152,262, 1 year [awarded to and administered by included this year. of flight modes and transitions in birds, $1,050,000, Technology and Electrical Engineering] UQ's Institute for Molecular Bioscience] 3 years Alzheimer’s Australia Dementia Lynch J - The molecular basis of ionic selectivity in Coulson E, Bellingham M - Sleep disturbance and nicotinic-type ion channel receptors, $350,000, 3 years Motor Neurone Disease Research cholinergic dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease, Research Foundation $824,641, 4 years Sah P - Neural circuits that mediate fear Institute of Australia Inc Alzheimer's Australia Dementia Research Grant conditioning and extinction, $600,000, 3 years Eyles D, McGrath J, Burne T - Early pharmacologi- Research Grant cal intervention in an animal model of schizophre- Matamales M - Axonal transport defects in Williams S - Dendritic information processing Henderson R, McCombe P, Rose S, Wallace R - nia, $424, 139, 3 years Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders: during sensory-motor behaviour, $441,000, 3 years Use of biomarkers to understand Amyotrophic mechanisms of tau pathology, $50,000, 1 year - Combining timelapse imaging Lateral Sclerosis, $100,000, 1 year [awarded to and Goodhill G, Scott E Yang J,Visscher P, Goodard M - Estimation of and computational modelling to understand the administered by UQ's Centre for Clinical Research] Australian Government non-additive genetic variance for complex traits using mechanisms of axon guidance in the developing genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphyisms and retinotectal system, $423,647, 3 years Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade sequence data, $309,000, 3 years [awarded to UQ's National Health and Medical Research (Australia), Australia-Indonesia Institute Grants Diamantina Institute but now administered by QBI] Council Martin N, McGrath J, White M - Exploring modifiable candidate risk factors for mental illness Dean A, Kleine D - Selamat Datang di CoralWatch ARC Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and in young adults: Infection, vitamin D and stress, - Supporting marine science education in Indonesia NHMRC Career Development Fellowships Facilities Grants $827.611, 3 years [awarded to and administered by via internet-based, interactive resources, $20,108, Yang J - Dissecting genetic variation for human Queensland Institute of Medical Research] 1 year Meunier F, Goodhill G, Kaunanithi S, Yap A, complex diseases and traits, $397,724, 4 years Drennan J, Mackay-Sim A, Wei M, Avery V, Rubinsz- [awarded to UQ's Diamantina Institute but now Meunier F, Collins B - Unravelling Munc18 dual Australian Government Cooperative Research tein-Dunlop H - Live molecular imaging using super administered by QBI] function in exocytosis, $497,031, 3 years Centres (CRC) resolution microscopy, two photon and spinning disk confocal microscopy, $800,000, 1 year Whitehouse A, Carrington S, Falkmer T, Dissanayake NHMRC Early Career Fellowships Richards L - Cellular and molecular regulation of interhemispheric fusion, $433,889, 3 years C, Claudianos C, Eapen V, Ashburner J, Sofronoff Reutens D, Watson C, Paxinos G, Götz J, Meikle S, Byrne E - Functional organisation of visual inputs to the superior colliculus, $299,564, 4 years K, Roberts J, Richdale A, Sofronoff K, Lennox N - Bernhardt P, Mardon K, Dodd P, Banati R - A facility Richards L - Guidance mechanisms regulating CRC for Living with Autism Spectrum Disorders, for ex-vivo molecular imaging in cells and tissues, - Functional organisation of visual inputs to the development of axonal projections from the $31,000,000, 8 years [Managed by Sylvia Rodger, Sivyer B $310,000, 1 year [awarded to and administered by the superior colliculus, $299,564, 4 years cingulate cortex, $467,522, 2 years Director of Research and Education] UQ's Centre for Advanced Imaging] NHMRC John Cade Fellowships in Mental Health Scott J, McGrath J, Najman J, Alati R, Mamun A, ARC Linkage Project Clavarino A - The outcomes of adolescents and Australian Research Council h Researc young adults who experience hallucinations: A birth Srinivasan M, Williams B, Perez T - Strategies McGrath J - Modifiable risk factors for serious cohort study, $603,862, 3 years [awarded to and ARC Discovery Early Career Researcher Awards for mid-air collision avoidance in aircraft: lessons mental illness - an integrated program of administered by UQ's Centre for Clinical Research] from bird flight, $652,374, 3 years Garrido M - Neurobiological mechanisms of epidemiology, genetics and clinical trials, decision under uncertainty, $375,000, 3 years $3,750,000, 5 years Visscher P - Exploiting SNP data in epidemiology ARC Special Research Initiative and genetics through multivariate analysis of Lee SH - Novel statistical algorithms and methods NHMRC Program Grant complex traits, $460,518, 3 years [awarded to and to quantify and partition pleiotropy between Ottmar L, John H, Timms M, Sah,P, Jiang T, administered by UQ's Diamantina Institute] complex traits in populations, $375,000, 3 years Mattingley J, Cunnington R, Dux P, Reutens Halliday G, Götz J, Ittner L, Kril J, Hodges J, Kiernan D, Hester R, Gos M, Carroll A, Clarke D, Gillies R, M - Frontotemporal dementia and motor neurode- Visscher P, Montgomery G - CAGE: Consortium for - Ultra-fast functional magnetic resonance Yu X Kennedy G, Tayler C, Koo S-T, Westwell M, Tytler generative syndromes, $11,011,390, 5 years [awarded the architecture of gene expression, $484,191, 1 years imaging (fMRI) mapping of layer-specific interhemi- R, Bredy T, Thomson S, Pegg J, Griffin P, Silburn S, to and administered by the University of NSW] [awarded to and administered by UQ's Diamantina spheric plasticity, $375,000, 3 years [relinquished] Lockyer L - Science of Learning Research Centre, Institute] $16,000,000, 4 years NHMRC Project Grants ARC Discovery Projects Bartlett P, Jhaveri D - Defining the function of two Goddard M, Visscher P - The genetic architecture discrete precursor cell populations in the and evolution of quantitative traits, $270,000, adult hippocampus: potential for the treatment of 3 years [awarded to and administered by UQ's cognitive and mood disorders, $559,003, 3 years Diamantina Institute]

84 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

GRANTS

Wray N, Visscher P, Yang J - Estimation and Travel Grants The University of Queensland Tong W - Ras family small GTPases as Phospha- partitioning of the still-missing heritability for tidylinositol 4, 5-Bisphosphate effectors regulate complex disease, $282,202, 3 years secretory vesicle release in endocrine cell and Australian Flow Cytometry Group Conference UQ Early Career Researcher Grants neuron, $301,342, 3 years Wray N, Lee SH, Mowry B - Statistical analyses of Travel Grant Cocchi L - Mapping changes in human neural whole genome genotype data to better understand Osborne G - Travel grant for AFCG conference in networks associated with local cortical plasticity, UQ ResTeach psychiatric disorders, $525,405, 3 years $30,000, 1 year New Zealand, $800, 1 year Colvin R - ResTeach, School of ITEE, $28,308, 1 year Sivyer B - Dendritic integration in direction-selec- Contributing to Australian Scholarship and UQ Travel Awards for International Collabora- National Institutes of Health (USA) tive retinal ganglion cells, $20,000, 1 year Science tive Research NIH R01 [subcontract] Anggono V - PICK1 interacts with syndapin to UQ Foundation Research Excellence Awards Carleton K, Marshall J - UQ Travel Awards for Inter- Visscher P, Keller M (US lead) - Estimating the regulate AMPA receptor internalisation and Yang J - Quantifying the overall contribution of all national Collaborative Research Category 1, awarded frequencies and population specificities of risk cerebellar long-term depression, $2,000, 1 year the DNA variants to motor neuron disease, $70,000, return airfare from USA, 1 year alleles, $388,000, 5 years [NIH subcontract awarded 1 year to UQ's Diamantina Institute and administered by Ian Potter Foundation Travel Grant Féron F, Eyles D - UQ Travel Awards for International Collaborative Research Category 1, awarded return the University of Colorado and UQ's Diamantina Wei W - Ian Potter Foundation Travel Grant, $1,200, UQ Major Equipment and Infrastructure and airfare from USA, 1 year Institute] 1 year NHMRC Equipment Grant

Widagdo J - Ian Potter Foundation Travel Grant, Goodhill G, Bredy T, Götz J, Cooper H, Hilliard UQ Vice-Chancellor's Senior Research PADI Foundation $1,500, 1 year M, Richards L, Coulson E, Scott E, Ruitenberg Fellowship M, Noakes P - Spinning disk confocal for advanced - Neural circuits that mediate learning and Dean A - Improving our understanding of coral high-speed histocytometry and neuromorphology Sah P International Brain Research Organization memory formation in the mammalian brain, bleaching using CoralWatch, $8,550, 2 years analysis, $205,123, 1 year Travel Grant funding for 3 years Martin S - International Brain Research King G, Alewood P, Capon R, Cooper M, Craik D, Srinivasan M - From flying animals to airborne Queensland Department of Organization Travel Grant, $2,094, 1 year Fry B, Lewis R, Lynch J, Markovich D, Mobli M, machines and back, funding for 3 years Development and Innovation Smith M, Sweet M - High throughput electro- International Symposium on Chromaffin Cell physiology platform, $342,000, 1 year [awarded to Queensland Department of Development and Biology and administered by UQ's Institute for Molecular Bioscience] Innovation Smart Futures Fund - QCAS Biotech- Martin S - International Symposium on Chromaffin nology Projects Fund Cell Biology, $977, 1 year Mattingley J, Dux P, Vanman E, Henry J, Nielsen M, Kritikos A, Cunnington R, Reutens D, Carroll T, Body Chen C, Estebam M, McCombe P, Wallace R - A Motor Neurone Disease (Victoria) model for understanding and treating amyotrophic R - A brain stimulation and portable eye-tracking lateral sclerosis using induced pluripotent stem cells, Mangelsdorf M - The Nina Buscombe Award 2013, suite for human behavioural research, $96,427, 1 $140,000, 4 years [awarded to and administered by $3,000, 1 year year [awarded to and administered by UQ's School UQ's School of Biomedical Sciences] of Pyschology] The Queensland Emory Development Alliance Travel Bursary Porrello E, Phipps S, Piper M, Eyles D, Mazzone Swiss National Science Foundation S, Wolvetang E, Key B, Walter T, Powell E, Thorn Jenkins A, Lynch J - High throughput essay for P, Smythe M, Moritz K, Launikonis B, Saunders Candoc Fellowship biomarkers of and therapeutics fo neurological N, Woodruff T, Borges K - Establishment of an disease, $5,000, 1 year [awarded to and administered Cortesi F - Swiss National Science Foundation integrated facility for single cell analysis, $164,629, 1 by Queensland Institute of Medical Research/UQ's Candoc Fellowship, $53,000, 1 year year [awarded to and administered by UQ's School QBI/Emory University] of Biomedical Sciences]

UniQuest UQ Postdoctoral Research Fellowships Garrido M - Neurobiological mechanisms of UniQuest Pathfinder decision under uncertainty, $311,305, 3 years [relinquished] Osborne G - Slice and dice sorting software, $15,000, 1 year

RECOGNITION 85 NEUROSCIENCE SEMINARS

The Queensland Brain Institute conducts a weekly Professor Michael Breakspear Associate Professor Geoff Faulkner Professor Michael R. Ibbotson seminar program, which gives neuroscientists an Queensland Institute of Medical Research Mater Medical Research Institute National Vision Research Institute opportunity to learn more about the latest scientific A phase transition in neonatal cortex Single cell genomics reveals mosaic L1 Australian College of Optometry & developments, often before research is published. The series is designed to challenge researchers in during recovery from hypoxia retrotransposition in hippocampal neurons Department of Optometry and Vision their thinking, promote excellence through the Sciences, The University of Melbourne exchange of ideas and lead to future collaborations. Dr Timothy Bredy Dr Marta Garrido How looking helps you see Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Dr Fabienne Alfonsi Characterising the role of the "6th" base: Surprise induced changes in brain dynamics Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Professor Allan Jones How experience-dependent changes in DNA Allen Institute for Brain Science, USA P75NTR has opposing roles in pre- and post-mitotic hydroxymethylation contribute to memory Mapping gene expression and connections in the CNS: cells to regulate neuronal number Dr Ilan Gobius Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Tools and data from the Allen Institute for Brain Science Dr Murray Cairns Fgf8 signalling regulates interhemispheric Dr Ehsan Arabzadeh Schizophrenia Research Institute fusion and corpus callosum formation The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Dr Marc Kamke Genetic and environmental determinants of Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Australian National University small non-coding RNA expression in neural The influence of selective attention on Neuronal encoding in rat whisker-barrel system Dr Marcus Gray development and schizophrenia Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland plasticity induction in the human brain – from sensory representation to behaviour Neural correlates of the autonomically mediated integration Associate Professor Tim Carroll of cognitive, affective and physiological activity Dr Hideaki Koizumi Professor Bernard Balleine School of Human Movement Studies, Fellow and Corporate Officer, Hitachi Ltd. & Brain & Mind Research Institute, The University of Sydney The University of Queensland Director, Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Dysexecutive syndrome: The cortical- and thalamostriatal Professor Richard Gronostajski Multiple coordinate systems for new sensorimotor maps State University of New York at Buffalo, Affairs, The Engineering Academy of Japan pathways and disorders of goal-directed action Department of Biochemistry Brain–science-based education and psychiatric Dr Adam Cole New York State Center of Excellence in diagnosis with optical topography Professor Bernhard Baune Garvan Institute of Medical Research Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, USA Professor of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, GSK3 regulation of vesicle trafficking: Implications Nuclear Factor I (NFI) transcription factors: A small The University of Adelaide Professor Shu Li for neurotransmission and mood disorders family that does big things in brain development Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Brain–inflammation interface: Molecular Is risky choice actually guided by a compensatory rule? mechanisms and systems biology – novel Converging evidence from eye-tracking and fMRI studies diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities? Associate Professor Lynn Dobrunz Associate Professor Ulrike Grunert Department of Neurobiology, University Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney of Alabama at Birmingham, USA Parallel pathways in the primate visual system Dr Divya Mehta Dr Sophie Billa Alterations in the excitation/inhibition balance in the Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland hippocampus in an animal model of schizophrenia The yin and the yang of post-traumatic stress disorder Development of a new approach in preclinical research: Dr Martin How Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland The touchscreen testing method for mice and rats Dr Mirella Dottori Polarisation vision in the marine environment Dr Adam Morris Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, National Vision Research Institute Dr Stefan Bode The University of Melbourne Visual stability in the primate visual-system Decision Neuroscience Laboratory, Professor Wieland Huttner Building the nervous system with pluripotent stem cells Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell The University of Melbourne Biology and Genetics, Germany Informing decision-making models by Professor Henrik Østergaard Mouritsen Neural stem and progenitor cells and the Department of Biology and Environmental decoding patterns of brain activity Associate Professor Darryl Eyles Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland evolution of the cerebral cortex Sciences, University of Oldenburg, Germany The dopamine ontogeny hypothesis of schizophrenia The magnetic compass of migratory birds: From behaviour to molecules and cognition

86 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

NEUROSCIENCE SEMINARS

Emeritus Professor Phillip Nagley Dr Fabrice Turpin School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Mitochondria and me: From yeast to NCC, the “kidney specific” sodium-chloride cotransporter mammalian cells and much neuroscience is expressed in the brain and modulates fear extinction

Dr Angelique Paulk Associate Professor Vidita Vaidya Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Department of Biological Sciences, The Tata Neural mechanisms of attention in the honeybee Institute of Fundamental Research, India and the fly, Drosophila melanogaster The right thing at the wrong time is the wrong thing: The ups and downs of Prozac Dr Magreet Ridder Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland Professor Trichur Vidyasagar Unraveling the pathophysiology of the white matter disorder Visual Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne MLC; Implications for white matter water homeostasis Reading into top-down mechanisms in visual attention: Neural synchrony to dyslexia Professor Marcello Rosa Department of Physiology, Monash University Professor Boyer Winters Anatomical and physiological organisation Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Canada of the visual pathways following lesions of Investigating crossmodal cognition in rats using a primary visual cortex in early life new spontaneous object recognition paradigm

Dr Martin Sale Dr Trent Woodruff Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland Enhancing neuroplasticity induction in human The opposing roles of innate immune complement cortex – from observing actions to sleep rhythms proteins C3a and C5a in neurodegenerative disease

Professor Thomas Suddendorf Professor Robert Zorec School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology - Molecular Cell Reflecting on reflection. The nature of visual self-recognition Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia Professor Stefan Thor The fabrics of astrocyte vesicle traffic in health and disease Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Developmental Biology, Linköping University, Sweden From neural stem cell to unique neuron: Controlling cell fate and cell number in the developing nervous system

RECOGNITION 87 PROFESSIONAL SERVICE

In addition to playing a role in grant Helen Cooper Massimo Hilliard Jason Mattingley Michael Piper Mandyam Srinivasan assessment for major national and l NHMRC Grant Review l NHMRC Grant Review l Academy of Social Sciences in l Australian Cell and l Australasian Conference on international funding bodies, our Panel Member Panel Member Australia, Panel D (Psychology, Developmental Biology Society, Robotics and Automation (ACRA), staff provide the follow external l Brisbane Chapter of the American l NHMRC Early Career Social Medicine, Education) Queensland Representative Program Committee Member professional service to the discipline. Society for Neuroscience, Fellowship Panel Member Committee Member l Brisbane Chapter of the Society l National ICT Australia Ltd, Research Committee Member l Association for Attention for Neuroscience, Treasurer Evaluation Committee Member Perry Bartlett l Australian Huntington’s Disease Tianzi Jiang and Performance, Advisory l NHMRC Assigners' l Cold Spring Harbor Asia l SpinalCure Australia Director Association, Queensland Council Member Academy Member Conferences, Scientific and Scientific Board Chairman l Chinese Society of Branch, QBI Representative Brainnetome, President l ARC Centre of Excellence l Australasian Neuroscience Society, Advisory Board l Centre for Brain Research, for Cognition and its Queensland Representative University of Auckland, Scientific l Chinese Society for Elizabeth Coulson Disorders, Scientific Advisory Peter Visscher Advisory Board Member Cognitive Science, Member l Alzheimer’s Australia Dementia of Board of Directors Committee Member Judith Reinhard l Centre for Cognitive Ageing and l Garvan Institute of Medical Research Foundation Scientific l Australian Academy of Science Cognitive Epidemiology (University Research, University of New South l Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnosis l Australasian Association and Medical Panel Member and Therapy of Psychiatry, National Committee for for Chemosensory Science of Edinburgh), Member Wales, Scientific Appointments and Brain and Mind Member Promotions Committee Member l Australian Academy of Scientific Committee Deputy Chair Council Member l New Zealand Statistical Science Theo Murphy l Institute of Automation of the l NHMRC Grant Review l Australian Association of Genetics Network Scientific l Motor Neurone Disease High Flyers Think Tank Panel Member Advisory Board Member Research Institute of Australia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, von Humboldt Fellows, Research Committee Member l Australian Brain Bee Challenge, Scientific Committee Member Queensland Representative l NHMRC Program Grants Northern Territory Coordinator l National Laboratory of John McGrath Review Panel Member l NHMRC Research Translation l Schizophrenia International Faculty Member l Friedreich’s Ataxia Research Pattern Recognition, Scientific Linda Richards l Social Science Genetics Association Association, Scientific Advisory Committee Member Research Society, Board Member l Agence Nationale de la Recherche Consortium, Advisory Board l Australia Israel Research Exchange Committee Member l Orygen Youth Health Steering Committee Member l Tianjing Key Laboratory of (France) Grant Review l NHMRC Grant Review Brain Functional Imaging, Research Centre, Research l Australian Brain Bee Challenge, Jana Vukovic l Brainnetome Center, Institute of Panel Member Scientific Committee Chair Committee Member Automation, The Chinese Academy National Coordinator and l Australian Academy of Science l Australian Schizophrenia Research of Sciences, Beijing, International Queensland Coordinator Theo Murphy High Flyers Think Bank, Access Committee Member Advisory Committee Member Ross Cunnington John Kelly l Australian Disorders of the Tank l Australasian Cognitive l National Collaborative Research l Schizophrenia Research Forum, Corpus Callosum (AusDoCC), l Science of Learning Research Advisory Board Member Centre, Advisory Board Member Neuroscience Society, Infrastructure Strategy Imaging Scientific Advisor Naomi Wray National President Facilities, Board Member l NHMRC Research l Hunter Cell and Developmental l Mater Medical Research l Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initia- Committee Member Institute Limited, Board l NHMRC Grant Review l National Imaging Facility, Biology Meeting tive, Scientific Advisory Board of Directors, Member Panel Member Board Member l NHMRC Australian Health Committee Member l Consortium for Lithium Ethics Committee Member l International Brain Bee, Genetics, Advisor l NHMRC Grant Review Vice-President Timothy Bredy Darryl Eyles Joe Lynch l World Congress Psychiatric l Biological Psychiatry l NHMRC Grant Review Panel Member Genetics, Boston, Scientific l Fonds Nationale de la Recherche (Luxembourg) Grant Review Australia, Vice President Panel Member Pankaj Sah Committee Member l NSW Brain Bank Network Scientific l Australian Course in Advanced Frederic Meunier l Australian Course in Advanced l Brisbane Forum of Statistical l Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France) Grant Review Review Committee Member Neuroscience Scientific Program, l National Association of Research Neuroscience, Course Management Genetics Meeting, Organiser Advisory Group Member Fellows Queensland Representative Committee Member l Secretary of the Australian l Multiple Sclerosis Australia Thomas Burne Geoffrey Goodhill Huji Xu l NHMRC Grant Review Neuroscience Society Bryan Mowry Grant Review Panel Member l Chinese Rheumatology Association, l Australasian Society for Psychiatric Research, Panel Member l Australian Schizophrenia Research l NHMRC Assigners' Shanghai Branch, President Queensland Representative Justin Marshall Bank: Science Committee Member, Academy Member l Chinese Rheumatology l Australian Coral Reef Society, Past Genetics Committee Member l NHMRC Career Development Association, Vice President l Biological Psychiatry Australia, Jürgen Götz and Access Committee Member Committee Member l NHMRC Grant Review President and Council Member Fellowship Panel Member l Chinese Clinical Immunology, l Ocean Research and l Royal Australian and New Zealand l Science of Learning Association Standing Member l NHMRC Grant Review Panel Member College of Psychiatrists, Member, Panel Member l Member of the Alzheimer Conservation Association (USA), Research Centre, Executive l National Natural Science Research Forum Advisory Board Member Committee for Research Committee Member Foundation of China, Program l ProjectAWARE, Honorary Review Committee Member Jake Carroll l Member of the DZNE (German Center for Neurodegenerative Board Member l Queensland Cyber Infrastructure Foundation, Diseases) Scientific Review l Great Barrier Reef Research Jian Yang Architecture Consultant Panel Member Expeditions Advisory l NHMRC Grant Review Panel, Board Member Deputy Chair

88 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

EDITORIAL BOARDS

Perry Bartlett Tianzi Jiang Frederic Meunier Peter Visscher l Acta Physiologica Sinica, Editorial Board l Chinese Journal of Medical Imaging l Current Neuropharmacology, Editorial Board l American Journal of Human Genetics, Editorial Board l Developmental Neurobiology, Editorial Board Technology, Deputy Editor-in-Chief l Journal of Neurochemistry, Handling Editor l PLOS Genetics, Associate Editor l Developmental Neuroscience, Editorial Board l Cognitive Neurodynamics, Editorial Board l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Scientific Reports, Associate Editor l Frontiers in Neurogenesis, Associate Editor l Frontiers in Brain Imaging Methods, Review Editor l Scientific Reports, Associate Editor l International Journal of Developmental l IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Associate Editor Stephen Williams Neuroscience, International Editorial Board l IEEE Transactions on Autonomous Mental Bryan Mowry l Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Associate Editor l Neural Development, Editorial Board Development, Associate Editor l Genes, Editorial Board l Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Associate Editor l Neuroscience Research, Editorial Board l Neuroscience Bulletin, Associate Editor l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Journal of Neuroscience Methods, Editorial Board l Neurosignals, Editorial Board l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Psychiatric Genetics, Editorial Board l Stem Cell Research, Editorial Board Naomi Wray Joe Lynch l Yonsei Medical Journal, Editorial Board Judith Reinhard l Frontiers in Statistical Genetics and l Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Editorial Board l Journal of Comparative Physiology A, Methodology, Editorial Board Thomas Burne l International Journal of Biochemistry and Editorial Advisory Board l PLOS Genetics, Guest Editorships l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor Molecular Biology, Editorial Board l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Journal of Biological Chemistry, Editorial Board Huji Xu Charles Claudianos Linda Richards l Frontiers in Immunology, Editorial Board Justin Marshall l Frontiers in Psychiatry, Associate Editor l Developmental Dynamics, Editorial Board l Journal of Clinical Physician, Editorial Board l Psyche, Editorial Board l Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and l Faculty of 1000, Member l Chinese Journal of Rheumatology, Editorial Board Physiology, Editorial Board l The Open Evolution Journal, Editorial Board l Frontiers in Neuroscience, Editorial Board l Chinese Journal of Clinical Immunology l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Neurosignals, Editorial Board and Rheumatology, Associate Editor Helen Cooper l Scientific Reports, Editor Jason Mattingley l Growth Factors, Editorial Board l Brain and Cognition, Editorial Board Pankaj Sah Elizabeth Coulson l Cognitive Neuroscience, Editorial Board l BioMedCentral Physiology, Editorial Board l Journal of Neurochemistry, Editorial Board l Cortex, Associate Editor l Channels, Editorial Board l PLOS ONE, Editorial Board l Neurocase, Editorial Board l Hippocampus, Editorial Board l Neuropsychologia, Editorial Advisory Board l Journal of Neurophysiology, Associate Editor Ross Cunnington l Neuroscience Research, Associate Editor l Journal of Neuroscience, Editorial Board l Neuropsychologia, Editorial Board l Neural Plasticity, Editorial Board John McGrath l The Open Neuroscience Journal, Editorial Advisory Board Geoffrey Goodhill l Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, Editorial Board l Neural Computation, Associate Editor l Australian and New Zealand Journal Mandyam Srinivasan of Psychiatry, Editorial Board l Scientific Reports, Editorial Board l Journal of Comparative Physiology A, l BioMedCentral Psychiatry, Editorial Board Editorial Advisory Board l Jürgen Götz Clinical Schizophrenia and Related l PLOS Biology, Editorial Board Psychoses, Editorial Board l Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy, Editorial Board l Epidemiology and Psychiatric Science, Associate Editor l Frontiers in Neuroscience, Review Editor Bruno van Swinderen l Frontiers in Molecular Psychiatry, Editorial Board l Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, Associate Editor l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, Associação l PLOS ONE, Academic Editor l Frontiers, Review Editor Brasileira de Psiquiatris, Editorial Board l Schizophrenia Bulletin, Associate Editor l Schizophrenia Research, Editorial Board l Translational Psychiatry, Editorial Board

RECOGNITION 89 UQ APPOINTMENTS

Perry Bartlett Academic Board Advancement Sub-Committee Anthropology Museum Management Committee Centre for Advanced Imaging Advisory Board Health and Medical Research Advancement Board University Senior Management Group

Thomas Burne Anatomical Biosciences Animal Ethics Committee, Chair

Jake Carroll Information Technology Consultative Group, Chair

Helen Cooper Institutional Biosafety Committee Master of Neuroscience Program Coordinator (Semester 2)

Ross Cunnington Centre for Perception and Cognitive Neuroscience, Director

Massimo Hilliard Library Advisory Committee

John Kelly Biological Resources Steering Committee Professional Staff and Academic Consulting Committee

Joe Lynch Master of Neuroscience Program Coordinator (Semester 1)

Marie Mangelsdorf Anatomical Biosciences Animal Ethics Committee

Justin Marshall Marine Research Station Advisory Committee

Frederic Meunier Radiation Health and Safety Committee

Pankaj Sah Research Committee

Stephen Williams University Research Higher Degrees Committee

90 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

STAFF

Ethan Park, Technical Services, working on the lathe.

RECOGNITION 91 STAFF

Director Dr Sean Millard Professor David Gearing Dr Natasha Matthews (finished April) John Baisden (finished May) Professor Perry Bartlett FAA Professor Peter Noakes Professor Gisela Kaplan Dr Dusan Matusica Anne-Sophie Bedin (finished April) Professor David Reutens Professor Nicholas Martin Dr Linda May (finished March) Dr Arne Brombas Deputy Director (Research) Dr Marc Ruitenberg Professor Hideyuki Okano Dr Ellen Meelkop Tim Butler Professor Pankaj Sah Dr Ethan Scott Professor Brent Reynolds Dr Divya Mehta Ming-Yu Chen Dr Sonia Shah (began June) Professor Lesley Rogers Dr Weichuan Mo (finished July) Nadia Cummins (began November) Deputy Director (Operations) Professor Peter Silburn Professor Seong-Seng Tan Dr Ramesh Narayanan Linda Cumner John Kelly Dr Surya Singh Professor Charles Watson Dr Brent Neumann Dr Angela Dean Dr Hari Subramanian (began March) Dr Tam Nguyen Cheryl Filippich Faculty Professor Walter Thomas Postdoctoral Fellows Dr Christopher Nolan Charlotte Flavell (finished September) Dr Timothy Bredy Dr Lata Vadlamudi Dr Fabienne Alfonsi Dr Conor O'Leary Javed Fowdar (began October) Associate Professor Thomas Burne Associate Professor Guy Wallis Dr Victor Anggono Dr Rebecca Nisbet Alan Goldizen (Conjoint Appointment) Dr Eleonora Autuori Dr Shona Osborne Rachel Gormal Dr Allen Cheung Adjunct Appointments Dr Lilach Avitan Dr Andreas Papadopulos Julia Groening Associate Professor Charles Claudianos Dr Denis Bauer (finished April) Dr Oliver Baumann Dr Angelique Paulk (finished October) Nivetha Gunasekaran Dr Robert Colvin (finished July) Professor Mark Bellgrove Dr Jeff Bednark Dr Juan Polanco Justine Haddrill Associate Professor Helen Cooper Dr Marta Bortoletto Dr Beben Benyamin Dr Zlatko Pujic Jeffrey Hanks-Thomson (finished April) Associate Professor Elizabeth Coulson Dr James Crane (finished July) Dr Daniel Blackmore Dr Lei Qian (began July) Peter Josh Associate Professor Ross Cunnington Dr Tarrant Cummins Dr Jens Bunt Dr Margaretha Ridder Diana Kleine Associate Professor Darryl Eyles (Conjoint Dr Andrew Delaney (finished July) Dr Enda Byrne Dr Matthew Robinson (began June) Michael Knight Appointment) Dr Louise Faber Dr Guo-Bo Chen Dr Martin Sale Pauline Ko Professor Jürgen Götz Dr Daniel Gilbert Dr Luca Cocchi Dr Miriam Sanchez Matamales Pei-Yun (Ashley) Liu (finished November) Professor Geoffrey Goodhill Dr Adam Hamlin Dr Florence Cotel Dr Ingo Schiffner Yolanda Liu (finished May) Dr Massimo Hilliard Dr Ziarih Hawi Dr Alexandre Cristino Dr Benjamin Sivyer David Lloyd Professor Tianzi Jiang Dr Robert Hester Dr Xiaoying Cui Dr Sune Skeldal Andrew Martin Professor Joe Lynch Dr Martin How (began December) Dr Scott Cutmore (began April) Dr Peter Stratton Cornel Mirciov (finished February) Dr Marie Mangelsdorf Dr Jonathan Mann Dr Kevin Dudley Dr Cornelia Strobel Paula Mugno Ramirez (finished June) Professor Justin Marshall Professor Geofferey Masters Dr Richard Faville Dr Rodrigo Suarez Jessica McFadyen (began November) Professor Jason Mattingley Dr Duncan McLean (began August) Dr Yakir Gagnon (began February) Dr Robert Sullivan Deborah Nertney (finished June) Professor John McGrath (Conjoint Appointment) Dr Thomas Moore Dr Marta Garrido Dr Chanel Taylor Estella Newcombe (finished February) Associate Professor Frederic Meunier Dr Grant Montgomery (began June) Dr Rosina Giordano-Santini Dr Fabrice Turpin Annika Nichols (finished June) Imogen O'Keeffe (began April) Professor Bryan Mowry (Conjoint Appointment) Associate Professor Dale Nyholt Dr Ilan Gobius Dr Anna Vinkhuyzen Tishila Palliyaguru Geoffrey Osborne Sven Stringer (finished June) Dr J Bertran Gonzalez Dr Jana Vukovic Nickless Palstra (finished September) Dr Michael Piper Dr Hari Subramanian (finished March) Dr Jake Gratten (began June) Dr Qian Wang Kalpana Patel Dr Judith Reinhard Dr Nicholas Valmas (finished March) Dr Martin How Dr Tong (Iris) Wang Gregory Robinson Professor Linda Richards Dr Weichuan Mo (began August) Dr Robbie Islam (began February) Dr Wei Wei Bree Rumballe (began July) Professor Pankaj Sah Dr Riccardo Marioni (began September) Dr Dhanisha Jhaveri Dr Jocelyn Widagdo Petra Sedlak Professor Mandyam Srinivasan Dr Yajing Sun (began June) Dr Marc Kamke Dr Francois Windels Henry Simila Associate Professor Bruno van Swinderen Dr Angelo Keramidas Dr Jian Yang Heather Smith Professor Peter Visscher Conjoint Appointments Dr Benjamin Kottler Dr Qiongyi Zhao Dean Soccol Associate Professor Stephen Williams Dr Bill Mantzioris Dr Peter Kozulin Dr Yanqiong Zhou Biao Sun Associate Professor Naomi Wray Dr Lawrence Sanjay Nandam Dr David Kvaskoff (finished October) Dr Zhihong Zhu (began May) Sophie Tajouri (finished August) Professor Huji Xu Dr Jake Gratten (finished June) Dr Aoife Larkin Saul Thurrowgood Dr Sukanta Saha (began August) Dr Hong Lee Research Officers Vy Thuy Truong (began October) Affiliates Dr Yi-Hsin Lee Christine Dixon Hong Diem Vo (began July) Professor Andrew Boyd Dr Chuanzhou Li (began February) Callista Harper Emeritus Professor Mirela Wagner Professor Matthew Brown Helen Gooch Professor Jack Pettigrew Dr Yonghui Li Amanda White Professor Chen Chen Dr Yu Chau Professor David Vaney Dr Samanthan Liu (began June) Li Xu Dr Brett Collins Dr Nikolai Liebsch (finished November) Samuel Nayler (began August) Dr Hannah Filmer Shanzhi Yan Honorary Professors Dr Jing Lu Jian Yang (began April) Professor Wayne Hall Professor Wickliffe Abraham Dr Wei Luan (began July) Research Assistants Dr David Kvaskoff (began October) Joseph Yunis Professor David Adams Dr Roger Marek (began February) Suzanne Alexander Zong Zhang Professor Ottmar Lipp Professor Shaun Collin Dr Sally Martin Kathy Asmussen

92 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

STAFF

Research Higher Degree Students Roger Marek (finished June) Sha Liu Advancement, Communications Finance and Store Gonzalo Almarza Andrew Martin Roger Marek and Design Finance Manager - Joon Yong An Aung Aung Kywe Moe Ramesh Narayanan Director of Advancement - Katherine Parsonage Samuel Baker John Morris Kian Bee Ng Nicola Smith (finished September) Sian Baker Vinod Narayana Daniel Stjepanovic Director of Advancement and Anna Brancatini Danay Baker-Andresen Ramesh Narayanan (finished June) Jiajia Yuan Communications - Mikaeli Costello Wade Ebeling Jessica Barnes (finished October) Kian Bee Ng (finished June) Chad Lake Madhusoothanan Bhagavathi Perumal Thai Vinh Nguyen Master of Neuroscience Design Manager - Dee McGrath Michael Perren (began January) Thanh Nguyen Adekunle Bademosi Esmeli Quevedo Baquero Stephanie Biergans Morgane Nouvian (began January) Richard Carey Jenny Valentine (finished October) Anna Bode David Painter Samuel Fynes-Clinton Darius Koreis (began December) Occupational Health and Safety Zoran Boskovic Genevieve Phillips John Jordan Ross Dixon Megan Campbell (began July) Simandeep Poonian Brett Kagan Laboratory Support Justin Chaplin (began January) Chikako Ragan Matthew Kennett Scientific Services Manager - Students Wen-Sung Chung Vikram Ratnu Kim Loong Lim Clare Seaman Manager, Postgraduate Student Charlotte Clark (finished November) Amanda Robinson Muthmainah Administration - Sean Coakley Michelle Sanchez Vega (began October) Jessica Ogden John Baisden Janet Voight Lavinia Codd Aanchal Sharma Janaina Videira Pinto Dr Sophie Billa (began June) Peter Curby (finished February) Chase Sherwell (began January) Michael Troup Dr Gilyana Borlikova (finished April) Jill Wardropper Aymeric Denuelle Ming Soh Ozlem Yetim Judy Bracefield Geoff Sullivan (began April) Daina Dickins Paola Spadaro Azra Zamri Maria Caldeira Christine Dixon Ashvin Srinivasan (began November) Diana Zanfirache Jane Ellis Australian Brain Bee Challenge Alessandra Donato (began July) Daniel Stjepanovic (finished November) Luke Hammond Katherine Wilkins Amelia Douglass (finished November) Yajie Sun (began April) Awarded Master of Neuroscience Maureen Kearney (finished June) Michael Dwyer (finished October) Chia-Hsuan Sung (began October) Richard Carey Colin MacQueen (finished January) Technical Services Ilvana Dzafic (began May) Sahil Talwar Brett Kagan Donna Martin Technical Services Manager - Laura Fenlon (began February) Gavin Taylor Matthew Kennett Daniel Matthews (began February) David Wheeldon Lee Fletcher Rachel Templin (began January) Elliot Lambert Nicholas Nacsa Shi Min Goh (finished June) Hanne Thoen Kim Loong Lim Virginia Nink Adam Barry Helen Gooch Vanesa Tomatis Jessica Ogden Janette Zlamal Brandon Horne Natalie Groves Susan Travis Janaina Videira Pinto Ethan Park Veronika Halasz Michael Troup (began October) Michael Troup Director's Office Lu Han (finished July) Marion Turnbull Azra Zamri Manager: Executive Office - Administrative Support Callista Harper Karly Turner Alison van Niekerk Earlene Ashton Jayani Hewage Sarah Williams (began February) Peter Goodenough Scholarships Ilse Buttiens Shao-chang Huang Tong Wu Alphonse Aime Yambisang (Anthropology) Ashley Cooper Suzanne Campbell Nicholas Hughes Di Xia Freda Talao (Law) Deirdre Wilson Susan Earnshaw Sarah Hunt Shanzhi Yan (began July) Natasha Gagliano (began September) Thuan Huynh (finished October) Xianfeng Yang Institute Manager Information Technology Rachael Kelly Sharifun Islam (began July) Yuanhao Yang (began July) Helen Weir IT Manager - Annita Nugent (finished July) Oscar Jacoby Hon Wai Yap Jake Carroll Charmaine Paiva Georg Kerbler Jiajia Yuan (finished July) Grants, Ethics and Publications Reeza Palamoodu Nazer Sepiedeh Keshavarzi (finished March) Oressia Zalucki Grants, Ethics and Publications Manager - Chris Fletcher Yajing Sun Leonie Kirszenblat Yan Zhang Dr Sylvie Pichelin Perry Kollmorgen Elizabeth Kita Jing Zhao Irek Porebski Science of Learning Research Centre Michael Langford (began July) Debra McMurtrie Michael Simpson Chief Operating Officer - Inga Laube (finished October) Awarded PhD or MPhil Annita Nugent (began July) Natalie Lee (began January) Jessica Barnes Senior Research Manager Human Resources Emilia Lefevre Charlotte Clark Rowan Tweedale Brooke Ellem Gerhard Leinenga Michael Dwyer (MPhil) Jackie Perren Xiang Li Lu Han Commercialisation Tong Lin (began July) Thuan Huynh Dr Bronwyn Battersby (finished September) Cirong Liu Sepiedeh Keshavarzi Sha Liu (finished July) Inga Laube

RECOGNITION 93 IN APPRECIATION

All members of QBI sincerely thank our valued donors for their support in 2013.

Principal

Estate of Dr Clem Jones, AO

Major Organisations Individuals Mr John Coulson Mr Donald Grimley Ms Helen Komoff Mrs Leanne Morrison Mr Henrik Steenberg Alan Tran Medical Mr Harry Ahrens Ms Jeanette Miss Oriel Handley Dr Peter Landy Mr David Muir Mrs Maureen Stevenson Pty Ltd Covacevich AM PSM Board of Benevolence of Adj. Professor Ms Gerowyn Hanson Dr Joan Lawrence AM Mr Bevan Muldoon Mr Barry Stevenson Mrs Christine Cowell Aged Masons, Widows Allensleigh Pastoral David Allan Mrs Marjorie Harborne Mr Maxwell Lennox Mrs Stella Muller Mr Kevin Stewart Company Mr Colin Cross & Orphans' Fund Mr Timothy Armstrong Mrs Sharon Harry Mrs Linda Levett Dr Denis Nave Mrs P Strickland Betty Anderson Mr Socrates Aronis Mrs Mary Cross G James Australia Pty Ltd Occ-Care Mr Troy Harry Mrs H Linthorne Mrs Judith Nedderman Mr Tom Strickland Ms Anne Bachelard Mr John Dashwood Chats Productions Mr Alan Hastie Miss Anne Little Mr John Nolan Mr Charles Sutton Mrs Robyn Hilton Mrs Lynette Davis Incorporated Inc Ms Pauline Beames Mr C Hearle Dr Keith Locke Mr Simon O'Brien Dr Steven Szokolay Mrs Meg Davis Index Group of Companies Goodman Foundation Miss Doreen Bengtson Dr Gregory Henricks Ms Mary Lyons Dr Patricia O'Connor Mr David Thompson Mrs Hazel Dennis SpinalCure Australia Greenbank 50 Plus Mr Alan Bennett Mr D Hillcrest Mr Robert MacDonnell Ms Ruth O'Hanlon Mr Anthony Toohey HCS Holdings Mr C Biddle Mr John Di Mauro The Helpful Foundation Mrs Leith Hodge Mrs Daphne Maclean Mrs Jenette Otter Mr Bradley Usasz (Qld) Pty Ltd Mr Ross Dickson Ms Lyndall Boucher Mrs Lindsay Mrs Fran Maclean Ms Suzanne Parker Mr Jorgen van Seters The MND and Me Nicol Foundation Mr Richard Dickson Hollingworth Assoc. Professor Mr Craig Maclean Ms Deborah Peard Mrs Christine Waldron Foundation Limited Siemon Investments William Boyce Mr Karl Dodd Mr Mark Holmes Miss Hilda Maclean Mrs Leah Perry Mr Douglas Walker Pty Ltd Mr Alan Brecknell Mrs Ruth Duncan Mr Adrian Holt The University of Queensland Mr Jeff Maclean Mrs Suzie Phillips Mrs Win Walker Soroptimist Inter- Ms Jennifer Brennan Mr Dale Fandrich Ms Tracey Hopkins Endowment Fund Pty Ltd national Brisbane Mrs Julie Mannion Dr Glenda Powell Mr Richard South Inc Assoc. Professor Adj. Professor Mr H Horne Wallace-Barnett Dr Janice Marshall Mr William Quarterman Mr Frank Youngleson & Iain Bruce John Fenwick The Wilgarning Trust Dr Beth Howard Ms Gillian White Mr John McEvoy Mr John Redman Mrs Patsy Youngleson Mrs K Burns Mr Graham Field Temron Pty Ltd Professor Leonard Mrs Dorothea Ms Marcia McInnes Mrs Norma Ross Dr Peter Cairns Mr Shaun Flanigan Humphreys Wilkinson Women in Finance Dr Penelope McKelvie Mrs Rosie Russell Association Mrs Tracy Campbell Mr Colin Fletcher Mrs Noyce Hurst Mr W Williams (Queensland) Ms Moya McKenzie Mr Geoffrey Sattler Mr Daniel Capper Mrs Colleen Gibbons Mr Desmond Jack Dr Clive Williams C A Young Mr Michael McMahon Mr Graham Schrodter Mr Constantine Carides Mrs Barbara Gilmore Mrs Joan Johnson Mr Les Windsor Dr Brendan Meagher Mr John Siemon Ms Elene Carides Mrs Noella Grant Ms Robyn Johnston Mr Matthew Mr John Michelmore Mr Graham Spence Wissemann Mrs Kay Christensen Mrs Lynette Mrs Merle Johnston Gray-Moffatt Mr Michael Mills Mrs Barbara Stace Mrs Tina Xu Mrs Valma Clarkson Mrs Rosemary Kajewski Dr Francis Gregg Mr Frank Mills Mr Craig Stanley Mrs Marion Cornwell Dr Ruth Kerr

Sincere thanks also to our donors who prefer to remain anonymous.

94 QBI ANNUAL REPORT Queensland Brain Institute Annual Report 2013

SUPPORTING QBI

Researchers at QBI are dedicated to unlocking How to support QBI: the mysteries of neurodegenerative diseases and mental health disorders, which currently Donations Bequests account for a staggering 45 per cent of the burden of disease in Australia. There are many ways in which you can help By leaving a bequest to QBI in your will, you Under current legislation, gifts to the support QBI’s research effort, including: are leaving a lasting legacy that accelerates Queensland Brain Institute are tax By improving the understanding of the current research and preserves future deductible. To discuss how you can l Make a donation for a fundamental mechanisms that regulate projects. Bequests can include: support the Institute, please contact us at: brain function, QBI researchers are working specific research area to develop new, more effective therapeutic l A percentage of an estate Queensland Brain Institute l Purchase scientific equipment treatments for conditions such as dementia, Building #79 l The residuary of an estate (what stroke, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis l Fund scholarships for The University of Queensland remains after all other gifts and and neurotrauma. talented students St Lucia QLD 4072 costs have been deducted) QBI relies on both public and private l Provide fellowships for early- l A gift of a specific sum of money Telephone: +61 7 3346 6300 donations to continue its research programs to mid-career scientists Facsimile: +61 7 3346 6301 and is therefore grateful for the support and l A particular asset, such as l Sponsor Professorial Chairs Email: [email protected] generosity of its benefactors. property, works of art, shares, Website: www.qbi.uq.edu.au l Undertake laboratory dedications or an insurance policy

l Provide gifts in memoriam

QBI ANNUAL REPORT 95 Editors Ashley Cooper Mikaeli Costello Darius Koreis Designer Dee McGrath

Photographers Nivetha Gunasekaran, Research Assistant, Reinhard laboratory. Yan Chan Stewart Gould Christopher Fletcher Jones Hemma Kearny Dee McGrath David Sproul

96 QBI ANNUAL REPORT

Queensland BrainQueensland Institute 2013 Report Annual

Queensland Brain Institute Phone: +61 7 3346 6300 Building #79 Fax: +61 7 3346 6301 The University of Queensland Email: [email protected] St Lucia QLD 4072 Web: www.qbi.uq.edu.au