Implementation of Parking Meters in the Hipódromo Neighborhood of Mexico City Baseline Study

1 2 Implementation of parking meters in the Hipódromo neighborhood of Mexico City Baseline Study Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP Mexico) March 2013 3 Acknowledgements This study by the Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (“ITDP”) was sponsored by the British Embassy in Mexico and the Prosperity Fund according to guidelines established in the project entitled “Automobile reduction strategies in Mexican cities”. The methodology consists of a series of investigations, analysis and reports realized to promote public policies in Mexico that facilitate the development of sustainable cities and help increase life quality for their inhabitants. We would like to express our appreciation for the support provided by the Urban Development and Housing Department of Mexico City, as well as the Public Space Authority– leader of the parking meter implementation project in the Hipódromo neighborhood – for the realization of this work. We also express our gratitude to BNI Estacionamientos for providing permission to analyze and measure indicators in their facilities. We also thank the Cuauhtémoc District government, ecoParq parking meter system of Mexico City and Operadora de Estacionamientos Bicentenario S.A. de C.V. for sharing information and helping in field work. A special acknowledgement goes to the entire ITDP México team for the notable time and effort spent doing onsite work, specially to Denahí Valdez, Nicole Medgenberg, Jimena Veloz, Mariana Orozco, Karina Licea, Jorge Cáñez, Jorge Gordillo, Salvador Medina, Javier Garduño, Alejandro Palmerín, Luis Paz and Xavier Treviño. Final report realized by Andrés Sañudo Gavaldón. Special thanks to Salvador Medina, Jimena Veloz, Nicole Medgenberg, Jorge Gordillo, Rafael Gamba and Jesús Sánchez, for their critical reviews and contributions. Thanks also to Jonathan González for the generation of systemized geographic data. Cover photo: Andrés Sañudo 4 Content 1. Introduction: Parking meters as a mobility and public space strategy ....................... 9 2. Classification of the Hipódromo neighborhood .......................................................... 11 3. Vehicle - Kilometers Traveled (“VKT”) and CO2 emissions ......................................... 19 3.1. VKT inside Hipódromo ..................................................................................... 19 3.2. VKT during the entire length of travel .............................................................. 20 3.3. CO2 emissions ................................................................................................. 21 4. Traffic Congestion ....................................................................................................... 23 5. Speed ......................................................................................................................... 33 5.1. Average speed by section ................................................................................ 33 5.2. Maximum speed reached in section ................................................................ 39 6. On-street parking ........................................................................................................ 40 7. Cruising time and cruising share of traffic .................................................................. 59 7.1. Cruising share of traffic and average time a space remains free...................... 59 7.2. Cruising time ................................................................................................... 61 8. Public parking ............................................................................................................ 62 9. Road safety ................................................................................................................. 64 10. Analysis of estimated demand by residents ............................................................... 67 11. Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 70 5 Tables, Diagrams and Charts Tables Index Table 1 INEGI's Basic Geo-statistical Areas that comprise the Hipódromo neighborhood. 11 Table 2 Number of economic units and employees in Hipódromo 14 Table 3 Number of daily trips starting in Hipódromo 14 Table 4 Number of daily trips ending in Hipódromo 15 Table 5 Modal share of trips with destination inside Hipódromo 16 Table 6 Motives of trips to Hipódromo 17 Table 7 Motives of trips to Hipódromo without considering trips returning home 17 Table 8 Passengers per private vehicle in Hipódromo 17 Table 9 Vehicle- Kilometers Traveled inside Hipódromo 20 Table 10 Vehicle- Kilometers Traveled during the entire trip to Hipódromo 21 Table 11 Performance of new vehicles 23 Table 12 Vehicle distribution on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, north to south 24 Table 13 Vehicle distribution on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, south to north 25 Table 14 Vehicle distribution on Tamaulipas and Campeche, north to south 27 Table 15 Vehicle distribution on Tamaulipas and Campeche, south to north 28 Table 16 Vehicle distribution on Iztaccíhuatl and Campeche, north to south 30 Table 17 Vehicle distribution on Michoacán and Amsterdam, east to west 31 Table 18 Speed measurement routes by section 33 Table 19 Average speed by section on Alfonso Reyes from Nuevo León to Pachuca. 33 Table 20 Average speed by section on Amsterdam Ave. from Sonora to Sonora 34 Table 21 Average speed by section on Campeche from Yautepec to Insurgentes. 34 Table 22 Average speed by section on Michoacán from Insurgentes to Pachuca. 34 Table 23 Average speed by section on Nuevo León from Tlaxcala to Sonora. 34 Table 24 Average speed by section on Sonora from Amsterdam to Sinaloa 35 Table 25 Average speed by section on Tamaulipas from Patriotismo to Laredo. 35 Table 26 Average maximum speeds 39 Table 27 Summary of on-street parking indicators for the total sample 41 Table 28 Summary of on-street parking indicators for block 1 44 Table 29 Summary of on-street parking indicators for block 2 47 Table 30 Summary of on-street parking indicators for block 3 50 Table 31 Summary of on-street parking indicators for block 4 53 Table 32 Summary of on-street parking indicators for block 5 56 Table 33 Summary of public parking indicators for 'Plaza Condesa' 62 Table 34 Road incidents reported in 2011 64 6 Diagrams Index Diagram 1 Boundaries of the Hipódromo neighborhood 1 Diagram 2 Road hierarchy of Hipódromo 12 Diagram 3 Desire paths of automobile trips starting in Hipódromo 15 Diagram 4 Desire paths of automobile trips ending in Hipódromo 16 Diagram 5 Vehicle- Kilometers Traveled inside Hipódromo 19 Diagram 6 Location of vehicle count master stations 23 Diagram 7 Speed diagram by section during morning hours 36 Diagram 8 Speed diagram by section during midday hours 37 Diagram 9 Speed diagram by section during afternoon hours 38 Diagram 10 Location of on-street parking blocks studied 40 Diagram 11 Location of road accidents by type reported in 2011 66 Diagram 12 Available parking spaces map 67 Diagram 13 Map of observed vehicles parked overnight 68 Diagram 14 Map of estimated occupancy by residents 69 Charts Index Chart 1 Population change in Hipódromo 13 Chart 2 Vehicular occupancy in Hipódromo 18 Chart 3 Average volume per hour along Citlaltépetl and Campeche, north to south 24 Chart 4 Vehicle distribution on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, north to south 25 Chart 5 Distribution of vehicles during HMD on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, north to south 25 Chart 6 Average volume per hour along Citlaltépetl and Campeche, south to north 26 Chart 7 Vehicle distribution on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, south to north 26 Chart 8 Distribution of vehicles during HMD on Citlaltépetl and Campeche, north to south 26 Chart 9 Average volume per hour along Tamaulipas and Campeche, north to south 27 Chart 10 Vehicle distribution on Tamaulipas and Campeche, north to south 28 Chart 11 Vehicle distribution during HMD on Tamaulipas and Campeche, north to south 28 Chart 12 Average volume per hour along Tamaulipas and Campeche, south to north 29 Chart 13 Vehicle distribution on Tamaulipas and Campeche, south to north 29 Chart 14 Vehicle distribution during HMD on Tamaulipas and Campeche, south to north 29 Chart 15 Average volume per hour along Iztaccíhuatl and Campeche, south to north 30 Chart 16 Vehicle distribution on Iztaccíhuatl and Campeche, north to south 31 Chart 17 Vehicle distribution during HMD on Iztaccíhuatl and Campeche, north to south 31 Chart 18 Average volume per hour along Michoacán and Amsterdam, east to west 32 Chart 19 Vehicle distribution on Michoacán and Amsterdam, east to west 32 Chart 20 Vehicle distribution during HMD on Michoacán and Amsterdam, east to west 32 Chart 21 Average maximum speeds 39 Chart 22 Percentage of cruising by parking space type 60 Chart 23 Average time that a parking space remains empty 60 Chart 24 Average cruising time and time spent walking to final destination 61 Chart 25 Frequency of reported road incidents in 2011 65 7 Chart 26 Distribution of road incidents by type in 2011 65 Acronyms and Abbreviations AGEB. Basic Geo-statistical Area is the fundamental unit of INEGI’s geo-statistical framework that links statistical information with geographic space. CETRAN. Centro de Estudios del Transporte, S.C. TS. Travel Survey of the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Mexico. HMD. Hour of Maximum Demand. INEGI. National Institute of Geography and Statistics ITDP. Institute for Transportation and Development Policy RTM. Metropolitan Transit Regulations

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