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Population in the Regions of Slovakia 2001

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INFOSTAT – INSTITUTE OF INFORMATICS AND STATISTICS Demographic Research Centre Population in the regions of Slovakia 2001 Bratislava, November 2003 2 Population development in the regions of the Slovak Republic 2001 The analytical publication evaluates the population development in the districts and provinces of the Slovak Republic according to recent territorial and administrative or- ganisation. Annex of tables contains main characteristics of population development in the districts of the SR in the selected years. Authors: Branislav Bleha Gabriela Haasová Danuša Jurčová - editor Martina Lukáčová Michaela Potančoková Jana Širočková Layout and design: Ján Mészáros Translation František Bernadič This document has been made in INFOSTAT, Bratislava. The wording can be used only in reference to this document. No language redaction has been made. Contents 3 Contents Contents..................................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.............................................................................................................................................................5 1. Nuptiality............................................................................................................................................................7 2. Divorce..............................................................................................................................................................15 3. Fertility..............................................................................................................................................................23 4. Abortion............................................................................................................................................................35 5. Mortality............................................................................................................................................................45 6. Migration...........................................................................................................................................................55 7. Increase of population.......................................................................................................................................63 8. Age structure.....................................................................................................................................................71 Conclusion............................................................................................................................................................81 Annex....................................................................................................................................................................83 Literature.............................................................................................................................................................103 Introduction 5 Introduction opulation development in the Slovak Republic, similarly as in other transition countries, has recorded significant changes since the beginning of 1990s. In the reproduction area it is characterised mainly by a P sharp decrease of fertility, deeply below the replacement level, decrease of abortion, especially the in- duced abortion, as well as by the decrease of nuptiality accompanied by the increase of cohabitations. In the field of migration, the Slovak Republic, after many years of migration losses, has changed into a country with migration gains. Population in the territory of the SR is ageing and this process is speeding up. This situation is reflected with a higher or lower intensity also in regions of the SR. Whereas in Slovakia a more complex publication devoted to the demographic development in regions currently does not exist, we have decided to complete this gap and to elaborate an analysis of the demographic development at the level of regions of the SR, thus, at the level of provinces and districts, determined by the Act of Law on the territorial and administrative organization of the SR No. 221/1996 Coll. According to this Law, the territory of Slovakia is broken down into 8 provinces and 79 districts, of which 5 districts are situated in the territory of the capital Bratislava and 4 districts are placed in the area of Košice. With regard to the fact that districts in the territory of Bratislava and Košice are specific (with the atypical age structure and other related atypical demographic charac- teristics, by which they remarkably differ from other districts), we do not deal with them in the analysis at the level of districts, but we rather analyse cities as a whole. This document is analysing the population development in the regions of the SR since 1993, i.e. from the incep- tion of an independent Slovak Republic, until 2001. The time horizon was influenced by the availability of data at regional level. Owing to the situation that the beginning of period under analysis had been shifted prior to the date when the new Act of Law on the territorial and administrative organization of the SR entered into force, the prepa- ration of regional data required the recalculation of data from 1993-1995 to the new territorial structure. The recal- culation was done at the level of municipalities. However, when making recalculations, several problems emerged, which did not allow to include into analysis all required characteristics already from 1993. Those were mainly problems related to sorting of data and to the fact that some recalculations were very time consuming. Thus, in case of nuptiality we are presenting regional data only from 1994, in the area of abortion and migration the regional data are shown only from 1996. Regarding the migration data, also the total population increase was at the regional level available only from 1996. Similarly, the recalculated figures on the mid-year population for 1993-1995 were not available, thus we were forced to use at the regional level only the average (at the level of the SR the mid-year population was used). At the regional level it was not possible to calculate some intensity indicators, due to the lack of data (e.g. total divorce rate). All data used came from the data sources of the Statistical Office of the SR; in the chapter on migration, also some data from the Ministry of Interior of the SR and from the National Labour Office were used. The document is divided into ten chapters and has a classical structure for this type of work. It is analysing demographic processes, including migration, number, age structure and increase of population. Each chapter is according to the regional level divided into three parts. The first part is devoted to the brief characterization of demographic process or structure at the level of the SR1. The second part contains the analysis at the level of prov- inces by the means of basic and selected analytical demographic characteristics. The third part, the crucial one, provides a similar analysis at the level of districts. Chapters are supplemented by tables, maps and graphs. Basic demographic characteristics for the districts of the SR in the selected years are presented in the Annex at the end of document. The submitted analysis is the result of work of authors from several workplaces. Except for the editor of this document, Ms. Danuša Jurčová from DRC (migration and population increase), only authors from the rising young generation of demographers contributed to it – Ms. Martina Lukáčová from DRC (abortion) and PhD students – Ms. Michaela Potančoková from the Faculty of Sciences of the Charles‘ University in Prague (fertility), Ms. Jana Širočk- ová (nuptiality and divorce), Ms. Gabriela Haasová (mortality) and Mr. Branislav Bleha (age structure) from the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Comenius University in Bratislava. The presented analysis of the population development certainly bears the stamp of all first works. Despite that we believe that it brings a new and deeper view on the demographic development in regions and it will assist in better understanding of some further relations in the development of society in the Slovak Republic. The publication has been released in both the Slovak and English versions. Both versions are at the full extent available at the web site of Demographic Research Centre (www.infostat.sk/vdc). 1 In parallel, a publication „Population of Slovakia 2002”, which assesses in details the population development at the nation-wide level, has been released. 1. Nuptiality 7 1. Nuptiality uptiality is a population process, which has a crucial meaning in the family behaviour of population, as well as in the whole reproductive process, because by contracting marriage the establishment of family starts. N nd The decrease of nuptiality in Slovakia had started in the 2 half of 1970s but its sharp acceleration occurred only at the beginning of 1990s of the previous century. This development was related to several factors. The social changes and transformation of society evoked changes mainly in the economic and social position of young people. The prolongation of the period of preparation for occupation, possibilities for studying or working abroad etc., together with the growth of living costs, growth of unemployment, cessation of the mass construction of dwellings, similarly also the reform of the social policy, cancellation of financial advantages when
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