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Crack and Concrete Deck Sealant Performance

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Crack and Concrete Deck Sealant Performance Crack and Concrete Deck Sealant Performance 2009-13 Take the steps... Research ...K no wle dge...Innovativ e S olu ti on s! Transportation Research Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. 3. Recipients Accession No. MN/RC 2009-13 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date March 2009 Crack and Concrete Deck Sealant Performance 6. 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Karl Johnson, Arturo E. Schultz, Catherine French, Jacob Reneson 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No. Department of Civil Engineering University of Minnesota 11. Contract (C) or Grant (G) No. 500 Pillsbury Drive S.E. (c) 89261 (wo) 7 Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455 12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Minnesota Department of Transportation Final Report 395 John Ireland Boulevard, Mail Stop 330 14. Sponsoring Agency Code St. Paul, Minnesota 55155 15. Supplementary Notes http://www.lrrb.org/PDF/200913.pdf 16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words) The objective of this project is to define the current state-of-the-art regarding the use of bridge deck sealants and crack sealers to extend the life of reinforced concrete bridge decks. The report includes the information generated from a literature review and survey which focused on current and significant studies in the field of deck and crack sealing. The intent of the survey was to determine common practices for the use and application of these sealers in different States throughout the United States. Based on the information collected from the literature review and the survey, the best sealant materials and application practices are recommended for use in Minnesota and throughout the Midwest. The report consists of four sections including: (1) a synthesis of the literature review on the background, application, and performance of concrete deck sealants and crack sealers; (2) a summary of the survey conducted by Mn/DOT to determine the current selection criteria, materials, application practices, and findings from different states in United States; (3) an assessment of selection criteria, materials, application practices, and performance; and (4) conclusions, recommendations and areas in need of further research. 17. Document Analysis/Descriptors 18. Availability Statement Absorption barrier sealer, bond strength, bridge deck sealants, No restrictions. Document available from: chloride ingress, concrete crack sealers, depth of penetration, National Technical Information Services, epoxy, linseed oil, methacrylate, moisture content, penetrating Springfield, Virginia 22161 sealer, polyurethane, silane, siloxane, solids content, surface preparation, vapor permeability, water-cement ratio 19. Security Class (this report) 20. Security Class (this page) 21. No. of Pages 22. Price Unclassified Unclassified 268 Crack and Concrete Deck Sealant Performance Final Report Prepared by Karl Johnson Arturo E. Schultz Catherine E. French Jacob Reneson Department of Civil Engineering University of Minnesota March 2009 Published by Minnesota Department of Transportation Office of Research Services 395 John Ireland Boulevard, Mail Stop 330 St. Paul, Minnesota 55155-1899 This report represents the results of research conducted by the authors and does not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Minnesota Department of Transportation and/or the University of Minnesota. This report does not contain a standard or specified technique. The authors and the Minnesota Department of Transportation and/or the University of Minnesota do not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers’ names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to this report. Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Gary D. Peterson, James A. Lilly, and Keith A. Farquhar of the Mn/DOT Office of Bridges and Structures, as well as James W. McGraw of the Mn/DOT Office of Materials and Road Research and Nancy Whiting (formerly of the Mn/DOT Office of Materials and Road Research) for their expert advice at every stage of this project. The authors would also like to express their gratitude to Nelson Cruz of the Mn/DOT Research Services Section for his administrative assistance to keep this project on schedule and within the budget. Table of Contents Chapter 1 – Literature Review on Concrete Deck Sealants ......................................................1 1.1. Background on Deck Sealants ............................................................................................1 1.1.1 Classifications of Deck Sealants.................................................................................1 1.1.2 Performance Measures for Deck Sealants ..................................................................3 1.2. Analyzing Performance Measure Data for Deck Sealants..................................................7 1.2.1 Scatter in Data.............................................................................................................7 1.2.2 Correlation among Performance Measures.................................................................8 1.2.3 Effect of Differences in Test Procedure....................................................................10 1.3. Best Performing Deck Sealants ........................................................................................12 1.3.1 Chloride Ingress........................................................................................................12 1.3.2 Absorption.................................................................................................................19 1.3.3 Penetration Depth......................................................................................................20 1.3.4 Vapor Transmission..................................................................................................23 1.4. Variables Affecting Performance .....................................................................................24 1.4.1 Concrete Parameters .................................................................................................24 1.4.2 Concrete Finishing and Curing .................................................................................25 1.4.3 Surface Preparation...................................................................................................26 1.4.4 Coverage Rate...........................................................................................................26 1.4.5 Drying Time after Coating........................................................................................26 1.4.6 Abrasion....................................................................................................................26 1.4.7 Freeze-Thaw Exposure .............................................................................................28 1.4.8 Field Parameters........................................................................................................28 1.5. Reapplication ....................................................................................................................29 Chapter 2 – Literature Review on Concrete Crack Sealers ....................................................31 2.1. Background on Crack Sealers...........................................................................................31 2.1.1 Generic Products.......................................................................................................31 2.1.2 Primary Performance Measures................................................................................32 2.2. Performance of Crack Sealers...........................................................................................35 2.2.1 Depth of Penetration .................................................................................................35 2.2.2 Bond Strength ...........................................................................................................37 2.2.3 Seepage .....................................................................................................................42 2.2.4 Chloride Ingress and Corrosion ................................................................................43 2.3. General Trends..................................................................................................................46 2.3.1 Lifespan of Sealed Cracks ........................................................................................46 2.3.2 Occurrence of Re-Cracking ......................................................................................47 2.3.3 Track-Free Time for Sealers .....................................................................................48 2.4. Variables Affecting Performance .....................................................................................48 2.4.1 Effect of Temperature...............................................................................................49 2.4.2 Effect of Moisture.....................................................................................................49 2.4.3 Effect of Cleaning Cracks.........................................................................................50 2.4.4 Effect of Crack Age ..................................................................................................50 2.4.5 Temperature Effect on Crack Width.........................................................................50 2.4.6 Type of Initiator Used (for HMWM Resins) ............................................................51
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