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The Adriatic Beltway D.T.1.2.1 The Adriatic Beltway D.T.1.2.1 Transport Connectivity in South Adriatic Area 07/2020 This study has been prepared in the framework of project SAGOV – South Adriatic Governance, financed by IPA Cross-Border Trilateral Program Italy – Albanai – Montenegro. It includes amongst other the: 1) List of Transport Connectivity Initiatives between Italy / Puglia, Albania and Montenegro; and, 2) Analysis of main connectivity actors, of stakeholders and of their dynamics. Team of contributors Angela Stefania Bergantino, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Anja Masanovic, Ministry of Transport and Maritime Affairs of Montenegro Claudio Polignano, Puglia Region Djordje Otasevic, Ministry of Transport and Maritime Affairs of Montenegro Edesa Metaj, Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy of Albania Florian Bilali, Center for Economic Development and International Relationship Inva Nela, Cooperation and Development Institute Majlinda Lila, Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy of Albania Momcilo Radulovic, European Movement in Montenegro Nexhat Kapidani, Montenegrin Administration for Maritime Safety and Port Management Coordinated by Ardian Hackaj, Cooperation and Development Institute This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the Interreg IPA CBC Italy-Albania- Montenegro Programme. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in the Study may include a transformative remix of publicly available materials, as provided by applicable laws. The published version of the opinions, conclusions and recommendations are responsibility of the Coordinator, and do not reflect the views of any other party. This publication is under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercialNoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). THE ADRIATIC BELTWAY 2 Table of contents Background ................................................................................................................................................... 5 I. CONNECTIVITY AGENDA IN WESTERN BALKANS ....................................................................................... 8 I.1 EU Connectivity Agenda: Transport sector .......................................................................................... 8 I.2 Institutional cooperation in South Adriatic transport sector ............................................................ 10 I.3 Transport Connectivity Reform Measures ........................................................................................ 12 I.4 Criticality of Destination Nod as rationale of South Adriatic connectivity ........................................ 12 II. ALBANIA .................................................................................................................................................. 15 II.1. Transport connectivity: institutional and legal framework, and policies ........................................ 15 II.2. Major infrastructure projects .......................................................................................................... 19 II.3. Connectivity Measures .................................................................................................................... 25 II.4. Main country features ..................................................................................................................... 30 III. MONTENEGRO ....................................................................................................................................... 35 II.1. Transport connectivity: institutional and legal framework, policies ............................................... 35 II.2. Major infrastructure projects .......................................................................................................... 44 II.3. Connectivity Measures .................................................................................................................... 55 II.4. Main Country Features .................................................................................................................... 59 IV. APULIA – ITALY ...................................................................................................................................... 61 IV.1. Transport connectivity: institutional and legal framework, policies.............................................. 64 II.2. Major projects ................................................................................................................................. 70 II.3. Apulia equivalent of Connectivity Measures ................................................................................... 84 II.4. Main Apulia Region Features ........................................................................................................... 87 V. NEXT STEPS ............................................................................................................................................. 96 V.1. Response to Covid-19 ...................................................................................................................... 96 V.2. Next steps ........................................................................................................................................ 96 THE ADRIATIC BELTWAY 3 List of Tables Table 1. The sections for rehabilitation/new construction. ....................................................................... 33 Table 2. POR Apulia 2014-2020 and the EUSAIR strategy .......................................................................... 68 Table 3. Funds in Transport sector by spending category (in million Euro) - Apulia Region ...................... 71 Table 4. Growth projections (real GDP, annual percent change) ............................................................... 88 Table 5. Foreigners residing in Italy and Apulia by nationality (Albania, Montenegro and China) ............ 89 Table 6. Foreigners residing on 1st January 2019 in the Apulia Region, by sex and provinces. ................ 89 Table 8. Trade flows of the Apulia region (in million euros) ...................................................................... 93 Table 9.Dynamics of Apulia in the internationalisation process (year 2017) ............................................. 94 List of Figures Figure 1. Closing the Adriatic Ring Road ....................................................................................................... 8 Figure 2. Trade volume by partner state, 2019 – ....................................................................................... 30 Figure 3. The weight of Albanian imports from Italy and Montenegro, as part of total (%). .................... 31 Figure 4. The weight of Albanian exports to Italy and Montenegro, as part of total (%) .......................... 31 Figure 5. The Adriatic-Ionian Corridor route and costs per segment. ........................................................ 34 Figure 6. Montenegro Transport System ................................................................................................... 37 Figure 7. The Bar – Boljare highway and Adriatic-Ionian expressway coastal variant (in purple and red) 46 Figure 8. Route 4: Reconstruction and modernization of the railway Bar-Vrbnica- Border with Serbia ... 47 Figure 9. Annual Passenger traffic forecasts for Montenegro Airports ..................................................... 50 Figure 10. The Port of Bar ........................................................................................................................... 52 Figure 11. Objectives of transport policy in Italy ........................................................................................ 64 Figure 12. The five Integrated Logistic Areas ............................................................................................. 66 Figure 13. Strategies of POR Apulia 2014-2020 .......................................................................................... 68 Figure 14. Geo-location of Section Bari S. Andrea – Bitetto ...................................................................... 72 Figure 15. Railway network between the Costa Morena Est quays ........................................................... 76 Figure 16. Regional Iterport of Apulia - Bari ............................................................................................... 79 Figure 17. Completion of port infrastructure through docks and the construction of a sediment tank between Pontile Petrolchimico and Costa Morena Est. ............................................................................................ 80 Figure 18. Timing of implementation of infrastructural interventions by cost clusters and phases - Italy 82 Figure 19. Connections in the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea ....................................................... 84 Figure 20. International tourism: Top 15 foreign markets in Apulia .......................................................... 91 THE ADRIATIC BELTWAY 4 Background The South Adriatic area between Puglia, Montenegro and Albanian coasts is very dense in trade exchanges, people-to-people mobility and other economic and business relations. For many centuries during the Roman Empire those areas belonged to the same geo-political entity. Nowadays, while Italy is a founding member of the European Union, Montenegro and Albania are firmly engaged towards full EU membership. Based on their shared history and boosted by their common destiny, the three countries have enjoyed close cooperation, materialised by intense exchanges among private
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