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Download (1629Kb) University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap This paper is made available online in accordance with publisher policies. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item and our policy information available from the repository home page for further information. To see the final version of this paper please visit the publisher’s website. Access to the published version may require a subscription. Author(s): Nobuko Kawashima Article Title: Museum Mangagement in a Time of Change: impacts of cultural policy on museums in Britain, 1979-1997 Year of publication: 1997 Link to published article: http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/theatre_s/cp/publications/centrepub s/ Publisher statement: None RESE PAPERS Centre for Cultural Policy Studies University of Warwick Research Papers No 3 Series Editors: Oliver Bennett and Jeremy Ahearne ARCH Museum Management in a Time of Change: impacts of cultural policy on museums in Britain 1979–1997 Nobuko Kawashima Research Fellow 1997 Centre for Cultural Policy Studies CONTENTS List of Abbreviations.................................................................................................................................i Notes........................................................................................................................................................iii Definitions.......................................................................................................................................iii References .......................................................................................................................................iv Preface......................................................................................................................................................v Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................vi Executive Summary.................................................................................................................................ix Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1 Case Study........................................................................................................................................3 Organisation of the Paper.........................................................................................................................6 Research Methodology...........................................................................................................................10 Part 1: Context and Issues .....................................................................................................................12 Chapter 1. Local Authority Museums ...............................................................................................14 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................14 1.1 History.....................................................................................................................................16 1.2 Legal Framework.....................................................................................................................17 1.3 Contemporary Framework.......................................................................................................17 1.4 Important features....................................................................................................................19 1.4.1 Governance ..........................................................................................................................19 1.4.2 Mixed Collections.................................................................................................................20 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................21 Chapter 2. Environmental Changes and Need for Management .......................................................22 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................22 2.1 ‘Market’ Changes ....................................................................................................................22 2.2 Cultural Policy at National Level .............................................................................................24 2.2.1 Plural Funding .....................................................................................................................26 2.2.2 Customer Orientation...........................................................................................................27 2.2.3 Management .........................................................................................................................28 2.2.4 Efficiency and Effectiveness—Performance Measurement ..................................................29 2.2.5 Other Developments .............................................................................................................29 2.3 Local Authorities and Cultural Policy.....................................................................................30 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................33 Chapter 3. Case Study—Four Museums in the West Midlands ........................................................36 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................36 3.1 Context for the Four Museums................................................................................................37 3.2 Birmingham..............................................................................................................................39 3.3 Stoke-on-Trent.........................................................................................................................40 3.4 Wolverhampton .......................................................................................................................42 3.5 Walsall.....................................................................................................................................43 Chapter 4. The Enterprise Culture—Income Generation ..................................................................45 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................45 4.1 Retail .......................................................................................................................................45 Autonomy in Shop Management.....................................................................................................47 Initial Investment............................................................................................................................47 Staffing............................................................................................................................................48 Stockholding ...................................................................................................................................49 4.2 Catering ...................................................................................................................................49 4.3 Other Income...........................................................................................................................52 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................52 Chapter 5. Customer Service Orientation—Marketing and Audience Development........................55 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................55 5.1 Marketing as a Distinctive Area in Management ....................................................................55 5.2 Marketing Orientation .............................................................................................................61 5.2.1 Customer Service Orientation ..............................................................................................61 5.2.2 Audience Development .........................................................................................................62 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................65 Chapter 6. Towards ‘Three-Es’—Management and Planning ..........................................................66 ii Introduction ....................................................................................................................................66 6.1 Strategic Planning....................................................................................................................67 6.2 Performance Indicators............................................................................................................68 6.3 Opportunities...........................................................................................................................70
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