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False Renal Failure (See Chapter 7) Chronic Renal Failure Prerenal Renal

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False Renal Failure (See Chapter 7) Chronic Renal Failure Prerenal Renal APPENDIX A. MEDICATIONS THAT CAUSE RENAL FAILURE WITH PROPER USEl False renal failure (see Chapter 7) Ureteral obstruction by clots - E - Aminocaproic Impaired tubular secretion of creatinine acid [12] Salicylate Ureteral obstruction by stones - Sulfadiazine [13] Cimetidine Neurogenic bladder3 Trimethoprim Narcotics Positive interference with creatinine measurement Drugs with anticholinergic activity Cefoxitin Atropine and related alkaloids Acetohexamide Antihistamines Methyldopa Phenothiazines 5-Flucytosine (Ektachem method) Disopyramide phosphate [14] Vascular causes of renal failure (see Chapter 10) Chronic renal failure Vasomotor disturbance Retroperitoneal fibrosis (see Postrenal renal failure Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs below) Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Hemolytic uremic syndrome (see Vascular causes Nifedipine below) Cyclosporin A Nephrotoxic tubular damage (see Tubular causes Contrast media below) Interleukin 2/a-interferon [15] Chronic Interstitial Nephritis (see Interstitial Demeclocycline [16] causes below) Flosequinan [17] Mannitol [18] Prerenal renal failure Atheroembolic disease Volume depletion Anticoagulation Laxatives Thrombolytic therapy Diuretics Tissue plasminogen activator Renal salt wasting-Cisplatin [1] Streptokinase Capillary leak Hemolytic uremic syndrome Gonadotropins [2] Mitomycin C All-trans retinoic acid [3] Oral contraceptives Reduced vascular resistance Bleomycin Antihypertensive Conjugated estrogens Coronary vasodilators Quinine Nitrates Vasculitis - Carbamazepine [19] Calcium channel blockers Interleukin-2 [4-6] Glomerular causes of renal failure Crescentic glomerulonephritis Postrenal renal failure D-Penicillamine [20] Retroperitoneal fibrosis Hydralazine [21] Methylsergide [7] Interleukin-2 [22] Bromocriptine [8] Goodpasture's syndrome - D-penicillamine [23] Dihydroergotamine [9] Vasculitis Sloughed papilla2 Hyposensitization treatment [24] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [10] Penicillin [25] Aspirin [11] Sulfa [26, 27] 255 J.G. Abuelo (ed.), Renal Failure, 255-267. @ 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers. 256 Appendix Tubular causes of renal failure [28 } Lithium Acute tubular necrosis Intratubular Obstruction Antibiotics Methotrexate Aminoglycosides Acetazolamide Demeclocycline Sulfonamides Amphotericin B Acyclovir Capreomycin [29] Tumor lysis syndrome Pentamidine Naftidrofuryl oxalate [49] Foscarnet [30] Triamterene Anesthetics Methoxyflurane Interstitial causes of renal failure [50} Enflurane Antibiotics Halothane Methicillin Cancer chemotherapy [31, 32] Sulfonamides Cisplatin Penicillin G Interferon Alfa-2a, Alfa-2b Cotrimoxazole Streptozocin Ampicillin Pentostatin Rifampin 5-azacytidine Amoxicillin Ifosfamide [33, 34] Ciprofloxacin [53-54] Plicamycin Nafcillin Carboplatin [35] Norfloxacin [55] Asparaginase Carbenicillin Fludarabine Polymyxin Dacarbazine Oxacillin Amsacrine Kanamycin Mitoxantrone Pi peracillin [51] Intravascular hemolysis [36] Gentamicin Thiopental [37] Cephalothin Chloramphenicol Colistin Chloroquine Cephalexin Dapsone Ethambutol Aspirin Cephalexin Quinine sulfate [38] Ethambutol Rhabdomyolysis Cefazolin [52] Lipid lowering drugs [39, 40] Chloramphenicol Hypertonic sodium chloride - Therapeutic Tetracyclines abortion [41] Erythromycin Cyclosporine A [42] Vancomycin Miscellaneous Acyclovir [56] Dextran [43] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Lithium [46] Naproxen Deferoxamine [44] Ibuprofen Fumaric acid [47] Fenoprofen EDTA [45] Zomepirac Intravenous immunoglobulin [48] Mefenamate Chronic tubular atrophy Phenylbutazone Methyl CCNU Tolmetin BCNU Indomethacin Cyclosporin A Diflunisal Appendix 257 Dic10fenac 2. Golan A, Ron-EI R, Herman A, Soffer Y, Weinraub Z and Piroxicam Caspi E. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: An update Ketoprofen review. Obstet and Gynecol Survey 1989; 44:430-40. 3. Frankel SR, Eardley A, Lauwers G, Weiss M and Warrell RP Diuretics Jr. The "retinoic acid syndrome" in acute promyelocytic Furosemide leukemia. Ann Intern Med 1992; 117:292-6. Chlorthalidone 4. Kozeny GA, Nicolas JD, Creekmore S, Sticklin L, Hano JE Thiazides and Fisher RI. Effects of interleukin-2 immunotherapy on Triamterene renal function. J Clin Onco11988; 6:1170-6. 5. Webb DE, Austin HA III, Belldegrun A, Vaughan E, Miscellaneous Linehan WM and Rosenberg SA. Metabolic and renal ef­ Diphenylhydantoin fects of interleukin-2 immunotherapy for metastatic cancer. Phenobarbital Clin Nephrol 1988; 30:141-5. Glafenin 6. Rosenberg SA, Packard BS, Aebersold PM, Solomon D, Alpha-methyldopa Topalian SL, Toy ST et al. Use of tumor-infiltrating lym­ phocytes and interleukin-2 in the immunotherapy of patients Phenidione with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med 1988; 319:1676-80. Gold and bismuth salts 7. Graham JR, Suby JI, LeCompte PR and Sandowsky NL. Allopurinol Fibrotic disorders associated with methysergide therapy for Diazepam headache. N Engl J Med 1966; 274:359-68. Cimetidine 8. Bowler JV, Ormerod IE and Legg NJ. Retroperitoneal fibrosis and bromocriptine. Lancet 1986; 2:466. D-penicillamine 9. Malaquin F, Urban T, Ostinelli J, Ghedira Hand Lacroni­ Sulfinpyrazone que 1. Pleural and retroperitoneal fibrosis from dihydroer­ Alpha-interferon gotamine. N Engl J Med 1989; 321:1760. Aspirin 10. O'Brien WM. Pharmacology of nonsteroidal anti-inflam­ Phenacetin matory drugs. Am J Med 1983; 75:32-8. 11. Wortmann DW, Kelsch RC, Kuhns L, Sullivan DB and Carbamazepine Cassidy JT. Renal papillary necrosis in juvenile rheumatoid Phenazone arthritis. J Pediatr 1980; 97:37-40. Clofibrate 12. Pitts TO, Spero JA, Bontempo FA and Greenberg A. Acute Antipyrine renal failure due to high-grade obstruction following therapy Azathioprine with e-Aminocaproic acid. Am J Kidney Dis 1986; 8:441-4. 13. Kronawitter U, Jakob K, Zoller WG, Rauh G and Goebel Carbamazepine FD. Acute renal failure caused by sulphadiazine stones: Sulfasalazine [57] complication of toxoplasmosis treatment in a patient with Carboplatin [59] AIDS. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 1993; 118:1683-6. 5-Aminosalicylic acid [58] 14. Danziger LH and Horn JR. Disopyramide-induced urinary Intravesical BCG [60] retention. Arch Intern Med 1983; 143:1683-6. 15. Mercatello A, Hadj-Aissa A, Negrier S, Allaouchiche B, Coronel B, Tognet E et al. Acute renal failure with preserved NOTES renal plasma flow induced by cancer immunotherapy. Kidney Int 1991; 40:309-14. 1. Many drugs are listed based on one or few reported cases. 16. Perez-Ayuso RM, Arroyo V, Camps J, Jimenez W, Nephrotoxic reactions to such medications may be very rare Rodamilans M, Rimola A et al. Effect of demeclocycline on or may not occur at all, if the reported cases were renal function and urinary prostaglandin E2 and kallikrein misdiagnosed. in hyponatremic cirrhotics. Nephron 1984; 36:30-7. 2. These drugs cause papillary necrosis, but renal failure due to 17. Wood SM, Dudley CRK, Devaney AM and Winearls CG. obstruction by a sloughed papilla has not been reported. Flosequinan and renovascular disease. Lancet 1993; 3. Renal failure is occasionally observed in clinical practice, but 341:116-7. I am not aware of case reports in the literature. 18. Dorman HR, Sondheimer JH and Cadnapaphornchai P. Mannitol-induced acute renal failure. Medicine 1990; 69:153-9. 19. Imai H, Nakamoto Y, Hirokawa M, Akihama T and Miura REFERENCES AB. Carbamazepine-induced granulomatous necrotizing angiitis with acute renal failure. Nephron 1989; 51:405-8. 1. Hutchison FN, Perez EA, Gandara DR, Lawrence HJ and 20. Ntoso KA, Tomaszewski, Jimenez SA and Neilson EG. Kaysen GA. Renal salt wasting in patients treated with Penicillamine-induced rapidly progressive glomerulone­ cisplatin. Ann Intern Med 1988; 108:21-5. phritis in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis: Suc- 258 Appendix cessful treatment of two patients and a review of the litera­ renal failure induced by combination lovastatin and gem­ ture. Am J Kidney Dis 1986; 8:159-63. fibrozil therapy. Ann Intern Med 1990; 112:228-30. 21. Thompson CH and Kalowski S. Anti-glomerular basement 40. Bizzaro N, Bagolin E, Milani L, Cereser C and Finco B. membrane nephritis due to hydralazine. Nephron 1991; Massive rhabdomyolysis and simvastatin. Clin Chem 1992; 58:238-9. 38:1504. 22. Chan TM, Cheng IKP, Wong KL, Chan KW and Lai CL. 41. Dominguez De Villota E, Cavanilles JM, Stein L, Shubin H Crescentic IgA glomerulonephritis following interleukin-2 and Weil MH. Hyperosmolal crisis following infusion of therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver. Am J hypertonic sodium chloride for purposes of therapeutic Nephrol 1991; 11:493-6. abortion. Am J Med 1973; 55:116-22. 23. Gavaghan TE, McNaught PJ, Ralston M and Hayes JM. 42. Chagnac A, Wisnovitz M, levin D, Korzets A, Mittelman M Penicillamine-induced "Goodpasture's syndrome": success­ and Levi J. Cyclosporin-associated rhabdomyolysis and ful treatment of a fulminant case. Aust N l J Med 1981; anterior compartment syndrome in a renal transplant recipi­ 11:261-5. ent. Clin Nephrol1993; 39:351-2. 24. Phanuphak P and Kohler PF. Onset of polyarteritis nodosa 43. Druml W, Polzleitner D, Laggner AN, Lenz K and Ulrich W. during allergic hyposensitization treatment. Am J Med 1980; Dextran-40, acute renal failure and elevated plasma oncotic 68:479-85. pressure. N Engl J Med 1988; 318:252-3. 25. Schrier RW, Bulger RJ and VanArsdel PP Jr. Nephropathy 44. Koren G., Bentur Y, Strong D, Harvey E, Klein J, Baumal R associated with penicillin and homologues. Ann Intern Med et al. Acute changes in renal function associated with 1966; 64:116-27. deferoxamine therapy. Am J Dis Child 1989; 143:1077-80. 26. Mullick FG,
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