Typhoon Kammuri (Tisoy) Joint Rapid Assessment of Impact and Needs 10 December 2019
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Office of Civil Defense and Humanitarian Country Team Typhoon Kammuri (Tisoy) Joint Rapid Assessment of Impact and Needs 10 December 2019 Photo credit: World Vision/J. Maluyo HCT Humanitarian Country Team 2 TYPHOON KAMMURI (TISOY) 1.8 M AFFECTED POPULATION Metro Manila 11am 03 Dec 96,800 140 km/h PEOPLE INSIDE and OUTSIDE EVACUATION CENTRES CATANDUANES BATANGAS QUEZON Naga City MARINDUQUE CAMARINES SUR 254,000 ALBAY Legazpi City DAMAGED HOUSES Sorsogon City ORIENTAL OCCIDENTAL 8am 03 Dec MINDORO MINDORO 150 km/h 10pm 02 Dec SORSOGON 175 km/h 58,500 MASBATE Destroyed NORTHERN SAMAR 4am 03 Dec 155 km/h 336,000 Partially Damaged EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 almost 450,000 took refuge in 2,600 evacuation centers while The Rapid Assessment of Impact and Needs (RAIN) is a joint undertaking 23,000 were hosted by relatives and friends. As of 10 December, by the Office of Civil Defense (OCD) and the Philippines Humanitarian most people have returned back to their homes, while about 87,000 Country Team (HCT), under the overall leadership of OCD. Consolidated are taking temporary shelter in 335 evacuation centers. Authorities by OCHA on behalf of OCD and the HCT, the analysis provides a shared also confirmed that five people died, while 332 people were injured understanding of the most pressing needs of vulnerable people and because of the typhoon. communities, living in the areas most affected by the typhoon. The assessment represents a consolidated evidence base and helps inform Initial reports indicate that some 58,000 houses were destroyed and government-led strategic response planning. about 336,000 damaged across nine regions on the typhoon’s path with houses made from light materials being hit the hardest. CRISIS OVERVIEW Typhoon Tisoy also affected schooling of almost 15 million learners On 2 December, Typhoon Kammuri (locally named Tisoy) made as more than 890 municipalities and cities cancelled classes in landfall as a Category 3 typhoon near the city of Gubat in Sorsogon public and private schools at all levels, including Metro Manila. province, with maximum sustained winds of 215 kilometers per hour. Schooling of many learners will be further affected since 100 schools On 3 December, the eye of the typhoon carried sustained winds of up were subsequently used as evacuation centres. UNICEF estimates to 175 kph hour and gustiness of up to 240 kph as the system moved some 300,000 children living in affected areas may be at risk and in westward, picking up speed and making three subsequent landfalls need of assistance. across central Philippines, in Masbate, Marinduque and Oriental Mindoro, before exiting the Philippine Area of Responsibility in the Interruption of power supplies and telecommunication was reported morning of 5 December. During this period, the storm cut across a in 300 areas in six regions, with majority already restored as of 10 large swathe of territory from North Samar to Mindoro, an estimated December, but not satisfactorily in all areas as noted in assessments. 14 million people are within the 100km radius from the typhoon track. Flooding occurred in almost 200 areas in Western Visayas, Bicol The combination of high winds, sustained heavy rainfall and storm region and Calabarzon, just south of Metro Manila. Air travel was surge have prompted over 12 provinces and areas to declare a state severely affected as all four terminals at the Manila’s Ninoy Aquino of calamity, enabling access to emergency funding to aid response International Airport (NAIA) were closed for 12 hours, resulting in and recovery efforts. cancellation of over 500 domestic and international flights. The terminal at Legazpi city airport was heavily damaged though local SCALE AND MAGNITUDE OF THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT authorities already restored operations. According to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management To date, the Government (DSWD, OCD and LGUs ) has provided some Council (NDRRMC) figures as of 10 December, more than 1,800,000 US$600,000 (30.7 million PhP) worth of immediate relief assistance people were affected by Typhoon Tisoy in about 3,250 barangays to the affected families. in Regions 3, 5, 8, CAR and CARAGA. In the immediate aftermath, 4 BICOL AS THE MOST AFFECTED REGION of land in Calabarzon and Bicol Region was damaged, with an estimated production loss of some 18,500 metric tons. Typhoon Tisoy hit particularly hard in Bicol region (Region 5), with over 1,200,000 of people affected and more than 256,000 houses partially or completely damaged. Based on the 2018 statistics, KEY FINDINGS AND OBSERVATIONS 27 per cent of people in Bicol live below the poverty line and their The assessments in 19 municipalities and cities of Bicol region main economic activity is fishing and farming. Prior to Tisoy, there largely confirmed that good preparedness measures were place were already pre-existing vulnerabilities of the affected population, before landfall and that the local, sub-national and national particularly among low income families residing in high-risk areas authorities were not overwhelmed by the extent of damage and and in houses made of light materials. The geographical location needs in the affected municipalities . makes the region vulnerable to natural emergencies and many areas of the region have been impacted by Typhoon Nina in 2017 and Many who were pre-emptively evacuated, started returning back to Typhoon Usman in 2018, which has geared the communities to adopt their respective homes within 48 hours after the typhoon’s landfall. emergency preparedness and response strategies that rely primarily Though most evacuation centres have been decamped by the time on their internal resources. of the assessments, there are still several families living in them or staying with host families, mainly as they were unable to return due As one of the most disaster-prone areas, local authorities in Bicol to heavily damaged or destroyed houses and prevailing flood waters. Region have made significant investment in disaster preparedness in the last few years. With pre-emptive evacuations and effective The assessments confirmed that farming and fishing communities early warning systems, the region achieved its main objective of living in coastal areas as well as those living in the remote hilly minimizing the number of casualties. Nevertheless, with 80 % areas were most affected by the typhoon. Their exposed location, of population living in rural areas and the largest component of combined with the use of lightweight construction materials, made the region’s economy being agriculture as well as commercial their houses very exposed to natural disasters. Fishing communities, fishing, livelihoods and resilience have been severely affected living on seashores and lakeshores who lost their boats and by the typhoon. fishing businesses as well as farming communities with heavily damaged crops and plantations, are in need of livelihood and early IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE AND LIVELIHOODS recovery assistance. According to the Department of Agriculture, the initial estimate of The urge to repair existing damage, coupled with the lack of financial losses caused by Typhoon Tisoy to the agriculture sector is some resources and technical knowledge, results in affected families $56.8 million (PhP2.9 billion), out of which $32 million from damage building back to its previous state, rather than better and safer. to high-value crops like mango, bananas and papayas, while affecting Primary concern of affected families now is to repair their houses lives and income of some 40,000 farmers in five regions. With early first and then focus on recovering their agricultural and fishing harvest of crops in several areas anticipated to be on the path of activities as soon as possible. Affected families would also look for the typhoon, greater damage was to a large extent prevented. For alternative sources of income, especially those who have lost their example in Nabua, Camarines Sur, 70 per cent of rice was already livelihoods, and children too might need to support with livelihoods harvested before the typhoon stroke. Nevertheless, 14,600 hectares NO MAJOR ACCESS ISSUES 5 All assessed areas could be reached either through the normal road network or alternate routes. In a few areas having difficulty with road access, sea access is available. Some roads were temporarily cut off due to landslides, downed power lines and trees, which have been largely cleared and no gaps are expected. It is recommended that relief items be given priority in use of ferry services, especially in Matnog port, Sorsogan, where there are some backlogs causing a queue of 9km. Coastal communities in Prieto Diaz, Sorsogon were badly affected by 48 hours after landfall, businesses and government services had Tisoy and those directly settled on the seashore may be requested to relocate permanently. largely resumed, including electricity and telecommunications in the Credit image: Habitat for Humanity cities. In the municipalities and barangays visited by the assessment teams, electricity and telecommunications, however, have not yet which may prevent them from going back to school. Indebtedness been fully restored while the municipal and barangay officials had no within poor households will increase. information when they may be restored. Low-income households living in houses made from light materials COORDINATION MECHANISMS PUT IN PLACE are the most affected as majority of them lost their houses. For example, in Magallanes municipality, Sorsogon, majority of the Assessments largely confirmed at present most humanitarian needs affected population from 34 barangays are dependent on fishing and any gaps could be covered within the current capacity of the industry. Out of which, 21 barangays are located along exposed local governments at the moment as well as that the government coastlinelines heavily affected by storm surge, causing major coordination structure from the national to local levels had proved damage to houses and fishing boats. The houses were washed-out, to be efficient in providing early warning and employing response especially those made of light materials, fishing gears were buried preparedness measures.