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December 1950
7TH MARINE REGIMENT - HISTORICAL DIARY - AUGUST 1950 - DECEMBER 1950 Korean War Korean War Project Record: USMC-2281 CD: 22 United States Marine Corps History Division Quantico, Virginia Records: United States Marine Corps Unit Name: 1st Marine Division Records Group: RG 127 Depository: National Archives and Records Administration Location: College Park, Maryland Editor: Hal Barker Korean War Project P.O. Box 180190 Dallas, TX 75218-0190 http://www.koreanwar.org Korean War Project USMC-08300001 DECLASSIFIED - I 0680/946 Al2 Ser _Q.056-5.t FEB 21 1951 FIRST ENDORSEMENT on CG, lstMarDiv 1 tr to CMC, aer 0021-51 of 8 Feb 1961 From: Commanding General, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific To: Commandant of the Marine Corps SubJ: Historical Diaries, 7th Marines; period August - November 1950 1. Forwarded. .1.0()()';'8 c/e~~.... J. C. BURGER COLONEL, U. S. MARINE CORPS Copy to: CHIEF OF STAFF ' CG, lstMarDi v • ....... - DECLASSIFIED Korean War Project USMC-08300002 DECLASSIFIED pi;~ ~-. :._- ·-:::::~~--"'""'~--:;;·;-:p;...ii.,-:-_*jil"'·--....-=- .... ----!,.o.l-.,--~-. I'll 41-1/ldJ Ser 058-51 28 "ebru<>ry 19 51 FIRST ::::nc·::!S:'].!El!T on 7thl4ar Historical Diary for December 1950, ltr ser 505 of 17 Feb 1951 From: Comr.~anding Gener:cl, lst Marine Division, FMF To: Commsnde_nt of the Marine Corps Yia: Comm<e.n•3.ing Generr\l, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific Saoj: His toricc.l DiarJ' for Decenber 1950 2. Tl1e secu:·ity classification o:' this e:ldorsement is rell!ovecl ,.r~1ea tetc.ched :"rom the bEtsic le~ter. ~~- H. S. \;'.~SETH De~>ut;r Chief of Staff far Administration :'.,.• '•. -
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•^tiSS^^i-S^ UNITED NATIONS Final Reprt of the' First Executive Beard of tiis MATiniMO ii \viftiiyi* •• L,^ & n 4 i' : y•-«•, pf-STPr^BSTSi^i Al ^P-^! f^-PSf^.?^ 1 \:A 11-111-1 ^ s ^ s I •" 1^ '-: ;-> i H; ?• "I I- ^•ii \ 1 * t; n a v) i 8 i ? i; •: '• •' *\ •* m I g.fiUiiig hJt^M- yssisu^slLia y kfe^tealSW E B C?«'iiai> 11 DECEMBER 1946—-31 DECEMBER 19SO ECONOMIC AND SOQAL COUNCIL OFFICIAL RECORDS TWELI^TH SESSION SUPPLEMENT No. 3 NEW YORK ) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION ................................................ 1 I. SUMMARY .................................................... 1 II. ORIGIN OF THE FUND ........................................... 3 III. WHAT THE FUND DID AND WHY ................................. 3 The work in Europe ........................................... 3 The work in Asia ............................................. 8 The work in Latin America ..................................... 11 The work in the Middle East and North Africa ................... 13 IV. FINANCIAL HISTORY ........................................... 14 Government contributions ....................................... 14 UNRRA residual assets ......................................... 15 United Nations Appeal for Children .............................. 15 Allocations ................................................... 16 Expenditures ................................................. 17 Value of assistance remaining to be fulfilled ........................ 18 Annual and cumulative statistics ..............................r:. 18 Resources -
New Evidence on the Korean War
176 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN 11 New Evidence on the Korean War Editor’s note: The documents featured in this section of the Bulletin present new evidence on the allegations that the United States used bacteriological weapons during the Korean War. In the accompanying commentaries, historian Kathryn Weathersby and scientist Milton Leitenberg (University of Maryland) provide analysis, context and interpretation of these documents. Unlike other documents published in the Bulletin, these documents, first obtained and published (in Japanese) by the Japanese newspaper Sankei Shimbun, have not been authenticated by access to the archival originals (or even photocopies thereof). The documents were copied by hand in the Russian Presidential Archive in Moscow, then typed. Though both commentators believe them to be genuine based on textual analysis, questions about the authenticity of the documents, as the commentators note, will remain until the original documents become available in the archives. Copies of the typed transcription (in Russian) have been deposited at the National Security Archive, a non-governmental research institute and repository of declassified documents based at George Washington University (Gelman Library, Suite 701; 2130 H St., NW; Washington, DC 20037; tel: 202/994-7000; fax: 202/ 994-7005) and are accessible to researchers. CWIHP welcomes the discussion of these new findings and encourages the release of the originals and additional materials on the issue from Russian, Chinese, Korean and U.S. archives. Deceiving the Deceivers: Moscow, Beijing, Pyongyang, and the Allegations of Bacteriological Weapons Use in Korea By Kathryn Weathersby n January 1998 the Japanese newspaper Sankei raised by their irregular provenance? Their style and form Shimbun published excerpts from a collection of do not raise suspicion. -
Ratification Status of International, American and Caribbean Treaties
RATIFICATION STATUS OF INTERNATIONAL, AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN TREATIES International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide 19481 Participant Date of Signature Date of Ratification (Accession – a), (Succession – d) Antigua and Barbuda 25 October 1988 Argentina 5 June 1956 a Bahamas 5 August 1975 d Barbados 14 January 1980 a Belize 10 March 1998 a Bolivia, Plurinational State of 11 December 1948 14 June 2005 Brazil 11 December 1948 15 April 1952 Canada 28 November 1949 3 September 1952 Chile 11 December 1948 3 June 1953 Colombia 12 August 1949 27 October 1959 Costa Rica 14 October 1950 a Cuba 28 December 1949 4 March 1953 Ecuador 11 December 1948 21 December 1949 El Salvador 27 April 1949 28 September 1950 Guatemala 22 June 1949 13 January 1950 Haiti 11 December 1948 14 October 1950 Honduras 22 April 1949 5 March 1952 Jamaica 23 September 1968 a Mexico 14 December 1948 22 July 1952 Nicaragua 29 January 1952 a Panama 11 December 1948 11 January 1950 Paraguay 11 December 1948 3 October 2001 Peru 11 December 1948 24 February 1960 St. Vincent and the Grenadines 9 November 1981 a Trinidad and Tobago 13 December 2002 a United States of America 11 December 1948 25 November 1988 Uruguay 11 December 1948 11 July 1967 Venezuela 12 July 1960 a 1 The Convention entered into force on 12 January 1951. Source: http://treaties.un.org/. Updated to 04-11-2012. <UN> <UN> International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination of 19652 Participant Date of Signature Date of Ratification (Accession – a), -
Secretaries of Defense
Secretaries of Defense 1947 - 2021 Historical Office Office of the Secretary of Defense Contents Historical Origins of the Secretary of Defense . iii Secretaries of Defense . 1 Secretaries of Defense Demographics . 28 History of the Positional Colors for the Office of the Secretary of Defense . 29 “The Secretary of Defense’s primary role is to ensure the national security . [and] it is one of the more difficult jobs anywhere in the world. He has to be a mini-Secretary of State, a procurement expert, a congressional relations expert. He has to understand the budget process. And he should have some operational knowledge.” Frank C. Carlucci former Secretary of Defense Prepared by Dr. Shannon E. Mohan, Historian Dr. Erin R. Mahan, Chief Historian Secretaries of Defense i Historical Origins of the Secretary of Defense The 1947 National Security Act (P.L. 80-253) created the position of Secretary of Defense with authority to establish general policies and programs for the National Military Establishment. Under the law, the Secretary of Defense served as the principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to national security. James V. Forrestal is sworn in as the first Secretary of Defense, September 1947. (OSD Historical Office) The 1949 National Security Act Amendments (P.L. 81- 216) redefined the Secretary of Defense’s role as the President’s principal assistant in all matters relating to the Department of Defense and gave him full direction, authority, and control over the Department. Under the 1947 law and the 1949 Amendments, the Secretary was appointed from civilian life provided he had not been on active duty as a commissioned officer within ten years of his nomination. -
[Stalin] to Shtraus [Shtykov] and Mayveyev [Zakharov]
Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified October 01, 1950 Ciphered Telegram No. 75352, Feng Xi [Stalin] to Shtraus [Shtykov] and Mayveyev [Zakharov] Citation: “Ciphered Telegram No. 75352, Feng Xi [Stalin] to Shtraus [Shtykov] and Mayveyev [Zakharov],” October 01, 1950, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Archive of the President of the Russian Federation (APRF); copy available in Library of Congress, Manuscript Division, Dmitriĭ Antonovich Volkogonov papers, 1887-1995, mm97083838. Translated by Vladislav Zubok https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117312 Summary: Stalin cables his chief political and military representatives in Pyongyang in response to messages relating the increasingly dire situation in Korea as North Korean forces were driven back across the 38th parallel. Stalin demands that they establish defenses along the 38th parallel to prevent further American advance and even go on the offensive by organizing “guerrilla warfare” in the south behind enemy lines. Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Leon Levy Foundation. Original Language: Russian Contents: English Translation [...] To be returned after 6 days Top Secret 8 Department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Union SSR. CIPHERED TELEGRAM # 75352 1 October 1950 To Pyongyang SHTRAUS [pseudonym for Soviet Amb. Shtykov], MAYVEYEV [pseudonym for M.V. Zakharov, Stalin’s personal military envoy] We have received your cable of 30 September and 1 October. These cables show that cde. KIM IL SUNG and other comrades from the Korean leadership pose before you a set of questions and that you dodge these questions. We consider your behavior to be erroneous. In the emerging grave situation it is natural for Korean comrades to solicit advice and assistance, but cde. -
Dollar Shortage and Oil Surplus in 1949-1950
ESSAYS IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE No. II, November 1950 DOLLAR SHORTAGE AND OIL SURPLUS IN 1949-1950 HORST MENDERSHAUSEN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE SECTION - DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS PRINCETON UNIVERSITY Princeton, New Jersey The present essay is the eleventh in the series ESSAYS IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCE published by the International Finance Section of the Department of Economics and Social Institutions in Princeton Uni- versity. The author, Dr. Horst Mendershausen, has been associated with the National Bureau of Economic Research, Bennington College, and the United States Military Government for Germany. He is now an economist with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Nothing in this study should be considered an expression of the views of that institution. While the Section sponsors the essays of this series, it takes no further responsibility for the opinions therein expressed. The writers are free to develop their topics as they will and their ideas may or may not be shared by the editorial committee of the Section or the members of the Department. • GARDNER PATTERSON, Director International Finance Section DOLLAR SHORTAGE AND OIL SURPLUS IN 1949-1950 BY HORST MENDERSHAUSEN* , I. SURVEY OF ISSUES ECOVERY from the effects of World War II led the Western European countries on to a broad issue: Should they seek eco- nomic viability in a progressive integration of the non-Soviet world or in narrower frameworks implying some discrimination against United States commerce? Since their dollar needs showed a persistent tendency to exceed dollar availabilities during the recovery period and their dollar reserves proved either too small or too volatile, many coun- tries, in particular Britain, found it necessary to make preparations for the latter alternative. -
Country Term # of Terms Total Years on the Council Presidencies # Of
Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council Elected Members Algeria 3 6 4 2004 - 2005 December 2004 1 1988 - 1989 May 1988, August 1989 2 1968 - 1969 July 1968 1 Angola 2 4 2 2015 – 2016 March 2016 1 2003 - 2004 November 2003 1 Argentina 9 18 15 2013 - 2014 August 2013, October 2014 2 2005 - 2006 January 2005, March 2006 2 1999 - 2000 February 2000 1 1994 - 1995 January 1995 1 1987 - 1988 March 1987, June 1988 2 1971 - 1972 March 1971, July 1972 2 1966 - 1967 January 1967 1 1959 - 1960 May 1959, April 1960 2 1948 - 1949 November 1948, November 1949 2 Australia 5 10 10 2013 - 2014 September 2013, November 2014 2 1985 - 1986 November 1985 1 1973 - 1974 October 1973, December 1974 2 1956 - 1957 June 1956, June 1957 2 1946 - 1947 February 1946, January 1947, December 1947 3 Austria 3 6 4 2009 - 2010 November 2009 1 1991 - 1992 March 1991, May 1992 2 1973 - 1974 November 1973 1 Azerbaijan 1 2 2 2012 - 2013 May 2012, October 2013 2 Bahrain 1 2 1 1998 - 1999 December 1998 1 Bangladesh 2 4 3 2000 - 2001 March 2000, June 2001 2 Country Term # of Total Presidencies # of terms years on Presidencies the Council 1979 - 1980 October 1979 1 Belarus1 1 2 1 1974 - 1975 January 1975 1 Belgium 5 10 11 2007 - 2008 June 2007, August 2008 2 1991 - 1992 April 1991, June 1992 2 1971 - 1972 April 1971, August 1972 2 1955 - 1956 July 1955, July 1956 2 1947 - 1948 February 1947, January 1948, December 1948 3 Benin 2 4 3 2004 - 2005 February 2005 1 1976 - 1977 March 1976, May 1977 2 Bolivia 3 6 7 2017 - 2018 June 2017, October -
Inventory Dep.288 BBC Scottish
Inventory Dep.288 BBC Scottish National Library of Scotland Manuscripts Division George IV Bridge Edinburgh EH1 1EW Tel: 0131-466 2812 Fax: 0131-466 2811 E-mail: [email protected] © Trustees of the National Library of Scotland Typescript records of programmes, 1935-54, broadcast by the BBC Scottish Region (later Scottish Home Service). 1. February-March, 1935. 2. May-August, 1935. 3. September-December, 1935. 4. January-April, 1936. 5. May-August, 1936. 6. September-December, 1936. 7. January-February, 1937. 8. March-April, 1937. 9. May-June, 1937. 10. July-August, 1937. 11. September-October, 1937. 12. November-December, 1937. 13. January-February, 1938. 14. March-April, 1938. 15. May-June, 1938. 16. July-August, 1938. 17. September-October, 1938. 18. November-December, 1938. 19. January, 1939. 20. February, 1939. 21. March, 1939. 22. April, 1939. 23. May, 1939. 24. June, 1939. 25. July, 1939. 26. August, 1939. 27. January, 1940. 28. February, 1940. 29. March, 1940. 30. April, 1940. 31. May, 1940. 32. June, 1940. 33. July, 1940. 34. August, 1940. 35. September, 1940. 36. October, 1940. 37. November, 1940. 38. December, 1940. 39. January, 1941. 40. February, 1941. 41. March, 1941. 42. April, 1941. 43. May, 1941. 44. June, 1941. 45. July, 1941. 46. August, 1941. 47. September, 1941. 48. October, 1941. 49. November, 1941. 50. December, 1941. 51. January, 1942. 52. February, 1942. 53. March, 1942. 54. April, 1942. 55. May, 1942. 56. June, 1942. 57. July, 1942. 58. August, 1942. 59. September, 1942. 60. October, 1942. 61. November, 1942. 62. December, 1942. 63. January, 1943. -
Participation in the Security Council by Country 1946-2010
Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council http://www.un.org/en/sc/repertoire/ Participation in the Security Council by Country 1946-2010 Country Term # of terms Total Presidencies # of Presidencies years on the Council Algeria 3 6 4 2004-2005 December 2004 1 1988-1989 May 1988,August 1989 2 1968-1969 July 1968 1 Angola 1 2 1 2003-2004 November 2003 1 Argentina 8 16 13 2005-2006 January 2005,March 2006 2 1999-2000 February 2000 1 1994-1995 January 1995 1 1987-1988 March 1987,June 1988 2 1971-1972 March 1971,July 1972 2 1966-1967 January 1967 1 1959-1960 May 1959,April 1960 2 1948-1949 November 1948,November 1949 2 Australia 4 8 8 1985-1986 November 1985 1 1973-1974 October 1973,December 1974 2 1956-1957 June 1956,June 1957 2 1946-1947 February 1946,January 1947,December 3 1947 Austria 3 6 3 2009-2010 ---no presidencies this term (yet)--- 0 1991-1992 March 1991,May 1992 2 1973-1974 November 1973 1 Bahrain 1 2 1 1998-1999 December 1998 1 Bangladesh 2 4 3 2000-2001 March 2000,June 2001 2 1 Repertoire of the Practice of the Security Council http://www.un.org/en/sc/repertoire/ 1979-1980 October 1979 1 Belgium 5 10 11 2007-2008 June 2007,August 2008 2 1991-1992 April 1991,June 1992 2 1971-1972 April 1971,August 1972 2 1955-1956 July 1955,July 1956 2 1947-1948 February 1947,January 1948,December 3 1948 Benin 2 4 3 2004-2005 February 2005 1 1976-1977 March 1976,May 1977 2 Bolivia 2 4 5 1978-1979 June 1978,November 1979 2 1964-1965 January 1964,December 1964,November 3 1965 Bosnia and Herzegovina 1 2 0 2010-2011 ---no presidencies this -
Facts on Women Workers: February 28, 1950
on Women Workers * U. S. Department of Labor Women s Bureau ’ACTS Maurice J. Tobin, Secretary Frieda S. Miller, Director WASHINGTON 25, D. C. ............. library February 28, 1950 A. S M. COLLEGE OF TEXAS FMPLOIMENT OF WCMBN IN JANUAKT 1950 The woman labor force increased by more than 3/4 million from January 1949 to January 1950, according to figures issued by the U. S. Bureau of the Census. This increase represents a rise of 230,000 in the number employed and a rise of 565,000 in the number unemployed. The number of women employed in agriculture decreased considerably, while those in nonagricultural employment increased. Between December 1949 and January 1950 the woman labor force decreased, owing largely to the withdrawal of extra workers employed in stores during the holiday season and of unpaid workers who had been helping on family farms. _____________________ January 1950___________________________ Number of Percent women Change since Change since women of all persons December 1949 January 1949 Population (14 years and over) 56,096,000 50.9 ♦ 43,000 ♦ 637,000 Civilian labor force 17,712,000 28.8 - 568,000 ♦ 795,000 Employed 16,494,000 29.0 - 769,000 ♦ 230,000 In agriculture 625,000 10 a - 224,000 — 181,000 In nonagricultural industries 15,869,000 31.3 - 545,000 ♦ 411,000 Unemployed 1,218,000 27.2 ♦ 201,000 ♦ 565,000 Armed forces 21,000 1<5 None 4 6,000 Nonworkers 38,363,000 80.9 ♦ 616,000 - 164,000 (U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census) INCOME OF WOMEN AND OF FAMILIES HEADED BY WOMEN, 1948 Women 14 years of age and over with money income in 1948 had a median income of |l,009, according to a report just issued by the U. -
Joseph Mccarthy: Democrats and Communists (1950)
Joseph McCarthy: Democrats and Communists (1950) As suggested by the following speech delivered to a Republican women's club in Wheeling, West Virginia, Senator Joseph McCarthy from Wisconsin became a master at making outlandish charges about domestic subversion – and getting away with it. He declared that the United States was losing the cold war because the Truman administration was infested with scores of known communists; moreover, he claimed to have the names of205 of them. Those who questioned his methods found themselves the subject of vicious attacks and smear campaigns. In July 1950 a Senate subcommittee chaired by Maryland Democrat Millard Tydings dismissed McCarthy's charges as "a fraud and a hoax." McCarthy thereupon turned on Tydings and helped undermine his reelection campaign. From Congressional Record, 31st Cong., 2nd sess., 12 February 1950, pp. 1954-1957. Today we are engaged in a final all-out battle between communistic atheism and Christianity. The modern champions of communism have selected this as the time, and ladies and gentlemen, the chips are down-they are truly down.... Five years after a world war has been won, men's hearts should anticipate a long peace, and men's minds should be free from the heavy weight that comes with war. But this is not such a period – for this is not a period of peace. This is a time of the "cold war." This is a time when all the world is split into two vast, increasingly hostile camps – a time of a great armaments race.... At war's end we were physically the strongest nation on earth-and at least potentially the most powerful intellectually and morally.