Enzyme Hydrolysates from Stichopus Horrens As a New Source for Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides
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Petition to List the Black Teatfish, Holothuria Nobilis, Under the U.S. Endangered Species Act
Before the Secretary of Commerce Petition to List the Black Teatfish, Holothuria nobilis, under the U.S. Endangered Species Act Photo Credit: © Philippe Bourjon (with permission) Center for Biological Diversity 14 May 2020 Notice of Petition Wilbur Ross, Secretary of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave. NW Washington, D.C. 20230 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Dr. Neil Jacobs, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave. NW Washington, D.C. 20230 Email: [email protected] Petitioner: Kristin Carden, Oceans Program Scientist Sarah Uhlemann, Senior Att’y & Int’l Program Director Center for Biological Diversity Center for Biological Diversity 1212 Broadway #800 2400 NW 80th Street, #146 Oakland, CA 94612 Seattle,WA98117 Phone: (510) 844‐7100 x327 Phone: (206) 324‐2344 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] The Center for Biological Diversity (Center, Petitioner) submits to the Secretary of Commerce and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) a petition to list the black teatfish, Holothuria nobilis, as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq. Alternatively, the Service should list the black teatfish as threatened or endangered throughout a significant portion of its range. This species is found exclusively in foreign waters, thus 30‐days’ notice to affected U.S. states and/or territories was not required. The Center is a non‐profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of native species and their habitats. -
SPC Beche-De-Mer Information Bulletin #39 – March 2019
ISSN 1025-4943 Issue 39 – March 2019 BECHE-DE-MER information bulletin v Inside this issue Editorial Towards producing a standard grade identification guide for bêche-de-mer in This issue of the Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin is well supplied with Solomon Islands 15 articles that address various aspects of the biology, fisheries and S. Lee et al. p. 3 aquaculture of sea cucumbers from three major oceans. An assessment of commercial sea cu- cumber populations in French Polynesia Lee and colleagues propose a procedure for writing guidelines for just after the 2012 moratorium the standard identification of beche-de-mer in Solomon Islands. S. Andréfouët et al. p. 8 Andréfouët and colleagues assess commercial sea cucumber Size at sexual maturity of the flower populations in French Polynesia and discuss several recommendations teatfish Holothuria (Microthele) sp. in the specific to the different archipelagos and islands, in the view of new Seychelles management decisions. Cahuzac and others studied the reproductive S. Cahuzac et al. p. 19 biology of Holothuria species on the Mahé and Amirantes plateaux Contribution to the knowledge of holo- in the Seychelles during the 2018 northwest monsoon season. thurian biodiversity at Reunion Island: Two previously unrecorded dendrochi- Bourjon and Quod provide a new contribution to the knowledge of rotid sea cucumbers species (Echinoder- holothurian biodiversity on La Réunion, with observations on two mata: Holothuroidea). species that are previously undescribed. Eeckhaut and colleagues P. Bourjon and J.-P. Quod p. 27 show that skin ulcerations of sea cucumbers in Madagascar are one Skin ulcerations in Holothuria scabra can symptom of different diseases induced by various abiotic or biotic be induced by various types of food agents. -
Sea Cucumbers, Macroalgae and Crown of Thorns Biomasses Farid Che Ghazali1*, Hisham Atan Edinur2, Sirajudeen, K
Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine, Vol 3 No 5 (2019) 42 Review Article Medicinal bioactive compounds to functional foods from geochemical signatures marine biomasses: sea cucumbers, macroalgae and crown of thorns biomasses Farid Che Ghazali1*, Hisham Atan Edinur2, Sirajudeen, K. N. S3, Abdul Qudus B. Aroyehun4 and Shariza Abdul Razak4 1 BioMedicine Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia. 2 Forensic Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia. 3 Department of Chemical Pathology. School of Medical Sciences, USM Health Campus, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia 4 Nutrition Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia. https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.3.5.2019.42 Received 4 September 2018, Revisions received 18 November 2018, Accepted 17 April 2019, Available online 20 April 2019 Abstract Recognition of health benefits associated with consumption of marine derived biomasses is one of the most promising developments in human nutrition and disease-prevention research. This endeavor for bioactives and functional ingredients discovery from marine sources is “experience driven,” as such the search for therapeutically useful synthetic drugs, and functional components is like “looking for a needle in a haystack,” thus a daunting task. Zoonotic infection, adulteration, global warming and religious belief can be the star-gate barrier: - For example, the outsourcing for Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a pharmacologically bioactive compound have emerged as novel biomarkers and molecular players both within tumor cells and their microenvironment, as they integrate signals from growth factors, chemokines, integrins, and cell-cell matrix adhesion. -
Review, the (Medical) Benefits and Disadvantage of Sea Cucumber
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS) e-ISSN:2278-3008, p-ISSN:2319-7676. Volume 12, Issue 5 Ver. III (Sep. – Oct. 2017), PP 30-36 www.iosrjournals.org Review, The (medical) benefits and disadvantage of sea cucumber Leonie Sophia van den Hoek, 1) Emad K. Bayoumi 2). 1 Department of Marine Biology Science, Liberty International University, Wilmington, USA. Professional Member Marine Biological Association, UK. 2 Department of General Surgery, Medical Academy Named after S. I. Georgiesky of Crimea Federal University, Crimea, Russia Corresponding Author: Leonie Sophia van den Hoek Abstract: A remarkable feature of Holothurians is the catch collagen that forms their body wall. Catch collagen has two states, soft and stiff, that are under neurological control [1]. A study [3] provides evidence that the process of new organ formation in holothurians can be described as an intermediate process showing characteristics of both epimorphic and morphallactic phenomena. Tropical sea cucumbers, have a previously unappreciated role in the support of ecosystem resilience in the face of global change, it is an important consideration with respect to the bêche-de-mer trade to ensure sea cucumber populations are sustained in a future ocean [9]. Medical benefits of the sea cucumber are; Losing weight [19], decreasing cholesterol [10], improved calcium solubility under simulated gastrointestinal digestion and also promoted calcium absorption in Caco-2 and HT-29 cells [20], reducing arthritis pain [21], HIV therapy [21], treatment osteoarthritis [21], antifungal steroid glycoside [22], collagen protein [14], alternative to mammalian collagen [14], alternative for blood thinners [29], enhancing immunity and disease resistance [30]. -
Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities
marine drugs Review Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities Timofey V. Malyarenko 1,2,*, Alla A. Kicha 1, Valentin A. Stonik 1,2 and Natalia V. Ivanchina 1,* 1 G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. 100-let Vladivostoku 159, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; [email protected] (A.A.K.); [email protected] (V.A.S.) 2 Department of Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanova Str. 8, 690000 Vladivostok, Russia * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.V.M.); [email protected] (N.V.I.); Tel.: +7-423-2312-360 (T.V.M.); Fax: +7-423-2314-050 (T.V.M.) Abstract: Sphingolipids are complex lipids widespread in nature as structural components of biomembranes. Commonly, the sphingolipids of marine organisms differ from those of terres- trial animals and plants. The gangliosides are the most complex sphingolipids characteristic of vertebrates that have been found in only the Echinodermata (echinoderms) phylum of invertebrates. Sphingolipids of the representatives of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes are the most studied among all echinoderms. In this review, we have summarized the data on sphingolipids of these two classes of marine invertebrates over the past two decades. Recently established structures, properties, and peculiarities of biogenesis of ceramides, cerebrosides, and gangliosides from starfishes and holothurians are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the most complete informa- tion on the chemical structures, structural features, and biological activities of sphingolipids of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes. -
FAU Institutional Repository
FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. Notice: ©1982 Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami. This manuscript is available at http://www.rsmas.miami.edu/bms and may be cited as: Cutress, B. M., & Miller, J. E. (1982). Eostichopus Arnesoni new genus and species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the Caribbean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 32(3), 715‐722. BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. 32(3): 715-722. 1982 CORAL REEF PAPER EOSTICHOPUS ARNESON! NEW GENUS AND SPECIES (ECHINODERMATA: HOLOTHUROIDEA) FROM THE CARIBBEAN Bertha M. Cutress and John E. Miller ABSTRACT Eostichopus new genus is erected for stichopodid holothurians whose ossicles include tables having large disks (>60 J.Lm wide) with more than 12 perforations and having spires with two or more crossbeams and spines at every junction of crossbeam with pillar. In Eostichopus amesoni new species, tables have numerous disk perforations (up to 100) and spire crossbeams (up to 10) and there are unique reticulate rods in the tentacles. C-shaped ossicles are also present. E. amesoni is known at present from Puerto Rico and Grenada at moderate depths. In July 1969 during a cruise of the University of Miami's R/V PILLSBURY,one specimen of a large stichopodid holothurian was taken by trawl off Grenada, W.J. The specimen was examined in April 1979 by one of us (J.E.M.) in the collections of the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami (UMML) and, although in poor condition, was recognized as probably belonging to a new species. -
Community Structure, Diversity, and Distribution Patterns of Sea Cucumber
Community structure, diversity, and distribution patterns of sea cucumber (Holothuroidea) in the coral reef area of Sapeken Islands, Sumenep Regency, Indonesia 1Abdulkadir Rahardjanto, 2Husamah, 2Samsun Hadi, 1Ainur Rofieq, 2Poncojari Wahyono 1 Biology Education, Postgraduate Directorate, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia; 2 Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia. Corresponding author: A. Rahardjanto, [email protected] Abstract. Sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea) are one of the high value marine products, with populations under very critical condition due to over exploitation. Data and information related to the condition of sea cucumber communities, especially in remote islands, like the Sapeken Islands, Sumenep Regency, East Java, Indonesia, is still very limited. This study aimed to determine the species, community structure (density, frequency, and important value index), species diversity index, and distribution patterns of sea cucumbers found in the reef area of Sapeken Islands, using a quantitative descriptive study. This research was conducted in low tide during the day using the quadratic transect method. Data was collected by making direct observations of the population under investigation. The results showed that sea cucumbers belonged to 11 species, from 2 orders: Aspidochirotida, with the species Holothuria hilla, Holothuria fuscopunctata, Holothuria impatiens, Holothuria leucospilota, Holothuria scabra, Stichopus horrens, Stichopus variegates, Actinopyga lecanora, and Actinopyga mauritiana and order Apodida, with the species Synapta maculata and Euapta godeffroyi. The density ranged from 0.162 to 1.37 ind m-2, and the relative density was between 0.035 and 0.292 ind m-2. The highest density was found for H. hilla and the lowest for S. -
High-Value Components and Bioactives from Sea Cucumbers for Functional Foods—A Review
Mar. Drugs 2011, 9, 1761-1805; doi:10.3390/md9101761 OPEN ACCESS Marine Drugs ISSN 1660-3397 www.mdpi.com/journal/marinedrugs Review High-Value Components and Bioactives from Sea Cucumbers for Functional Foods—A Review Sara Bordbar 1, Farooq Anwar 1,2 and Nazamid Saari 1,* 1 Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; E-Mails: [email protected] (S.B.); [email protected] (F.A.) 2 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +60-389-468-385; Fax: +60-389-423-552. Received: 3 August 2011; in revised form: 30 August 2011 / Accepted: 8 September 2011 / Published: 10 October 2011 Abstract: Sea cucumbers, belonging to the class Holothuroidea, are marine invertebrates, habitually found in the benthic areas and deep seas across the world. They have high commercial value coupled with increasing global production and trade. Sea cucumbers, informally named as bêche-de-mer, or gamat, have long been used for food and folk medicine in the communities of Asia and Middle East. Nutritionally, sea cucumbers have an impressive profile of valuable nutrients such as Vitamin A, Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (niacin), and minerals, especially calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc. A number of unique biological and pharmacological activities including anti-angiogenic, anticancer, anticoagulant, anti-hypertension, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic, antitumor and wound healing have been ascribed to various species of sea cucumbers. Therapeutic properties and medicinal benefits of sea cucumbers can be linked to the presence of a wide array of bioactives especially triterpene glycosides (saponins), chondroitin sulfates, glycosaminoglycan (GAGs), sulfated polysaccharides, sterols (glycosides and sulfates), phenolics, cerberosides, lectins, peptides, glycoprotein, glycosphingolipids and essential fatty acids. -
POTENTIAL of Stichopus Horrens and Stichopus Vastus EXTRACTS AS
POTENTIAL OF Stichopus horrens AND Stichopus vastus EXTRACTS AS ANTICANCER AND WOUND HEALING AGENTS: EFFECTS ON BREAST CANCER AND FIBROBLAST CELL LINES NURUL ADILA BINTI AZEMI UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA AUGUST 2014 POTENTIAL OF Stichopus horrens AND Stichopus vastus EXTRACTS AS ANTICANCER AND WOUND HEALING AGENTS: EFFECTS ON BREAST CANCER AND FIBROBLAST CELL LINES By NURUL ADILA BINTI AZEMI Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA AUGUST 2014 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS In the name of Allah, The most beneficent the most merciful. First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi for her guidance, support and generosity, providing ideas, imparting skills and knowledge throughout both the experimental work and writing of this thesis. I am equally grateful to my co-supervisor, Prof Madya Dr. Farid Che Ghazali for his valuable ideas and encouragement. Special thanks to Dr. Tan Soo Chun, Prof. Ishak Mat (IPPT) and Dr. Faisal (IPPT) for offering their lab facilities. I am extremely thankful to Mr. Sim Han Liang for his friendly help. I am also thankful to Mr. Ahmed Faisal, Ms. Nithya Niranjini, Mr Wong Boon Kiat and Ms Ng Shy Yee for their assistance. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my family and husband for unconditional love and encouragement. Their continuous support is my greatest motivation in the accomplishment of this study. Last but not least, I also like to thanks Ministry of Science and Technology for the scholarship of Post graduate scheme and most sincere gratitude to Institute of Postgraduate Studies. -
Sea Cucumbers Feeny 1977)
Pacific Science (1982), vol. 36, no. 4 © 1983 by the University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved Responses of Five Holothurian Species to Attacks by a Predatory Gastropod, Tonna perdu 1 Roy K. KRopp2 ABSTRACf: In the laboratory Tonna perdix attacked and often engulfed in dividuals of five holothurian species. Two species, Stichopus chloronotus and S. horrens, sometimes escaped attacks by shedding a piece of body wall and bounding away from the predator. Bounding employed an exaggerated, direct arching peristalsis and was much faster than ordinary crawling. The general response ofeach ofthe other three species, Holothuria atra, H. cinerascens, and H. hilla, was a shortening of the body lengthwise accompanied by a swelling of the body into a spherelike shape. This response was not usually effective as an escape maneuver. Only H. hilla eviscerated during attacks and this was a direct result of penetration of the visceral cavity by the tonnid radula. MANY HOLOTHURIANS, particularly tropical gastropods are also reported to eat sea cucum species, are known to be toxic. This toxicity bers (Bakus 1973, Kay 1979). Crustaceans may is given as the primary reason for the paucity also prey on holothurians. In Guam I saw a of predators on tropical holothurians (Bakus hermit crab, Dardanus megistos, and a xanthid 1968, 1973, 1974, 1981). The toxin involved is crab, Atergatis floridus, eating holothurians. holothurin, which is a saponin (Yamanouchi A stomatopod, Gonodactylus oerstedii, may 1955), and which is found in several orders of occasionally feed on small holothurians holothurians (Nigrelli and Jakowska 1960). (Dominguez 1982). Holothurin is very toxic to marine fish (Ya Do holothurians have methods by which manouchi 1955, Bakus 1968) and has been predation by invertebrate predators, in par used by Pacific islanders to catch fish (Frey ticular gastropods, can be avoided? Mostinfor 1951). -
Holothuroidea, Stichopodidae)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 545:Sea 1–26 cucumbers (2015) of the genus Stichopus Brandt, 1835 (Holothuroidea, Stichopodidae)... 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.545.6415 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Sea cucumbers of the genus Stichopus Brandt, 1835 (Holothuroidea, Stichopodidae) in Straits of Malacca with description of a new species Sau Pinn Woo1, Zulfigar Yasin2, Shau Hwai Tan3, Hiroshi Kajihara1, Toshihiko Fujita4 1 Department of Natural History Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan 2 Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia 3 Marine Science Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia 4 Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4-1-1, Tsukuba 305-0005, Ibaraki, Japan Corresponding author: Sau Pinn Woo ([email protected]) Academic editor: Y. Samyn | Received 31 August 2015 | Accepted 12 November 2015 | Published 14 December 2015 http://zoobank.org/A7C89135-0A86-4AE7-A543-DBE1E44E5263 Citation: Woo SP, Zulfigar Y, Tan SH, Kajihara H, Fujita T (2015) Sea cucumbers of the genus Stichopus Brandt, 1835 (Holothuroidea, Stichopodidae) in Straits of Malacca with description of a new species. ZooKeys 545: 1–26. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.545.6415 Abstract Five sea cucumber species including one new species of the genus Stichopus are reported from the shallow coral reefs of Straits of Malacca. The new speciesStichopus fusiformiossa has unusual fusiform spicules in the tentacles, which are not found in the other species of the genus. Pseudo-tables and large perforated plates are newly recorded for Stichopus hermanni Semper, 1868 and Stichopus vastus Sluiter, 1887, respectively. -
Black Teatfish Listing Petition
Before the Secretary of Commerce Petition to List the Black Teatfish, Holothuria nobilis, under the U.S. Endangered Species Act Photo Credit: © Philippe Bourjon (with permission) Center for Biological Diversity 14 May 2020 Notice of Petition Wilbur Ross, Secretary of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave. NW Washington, D.C. 20230 Email: [email protected], [email protected] Dr. Neil Jacobs, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere U.S. Department of Commerce 1401 Constitution Ave. NW Washington, D.C. 20230 Email: [email protected] Petitioner: Kristin Carden, Oceans Program Scientist Sarah Uhlemann, Senior Att’y & Int’l Program Director Center for Biological Diversity Center for Biological Diversity 1212 Broadway #800 2400 NW 80th Street, #146 Oakland, CA 94612 Seattle, WA 98117 Phone: (510) 844‐7100 x327 Phone: (206) 324‐2344 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] The Center for Biological Diversity (Center, Petitioner) submits to the Secretary of Commerce and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) through the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) a petition to list the black teatfish, Holothuria nobilis, as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq. Alternatively, the Service should list the black teatfish as threatened or endangered throughout a significant portion of its range. This species is found exclusively in foreign waters, thus 30‐days’ notice to affected U.S. states and/or territories was not required. The Center is a non‐profit, public interest environmental organization dedicated to the protection of native species and their habitats.