DOCSLIB.ORG

Comrade Chou En-Lal Great Proletarian Reyolutionary of The

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Comrade Chou En-Lal Great Proletarian Reyolutionary of The China Reconstructs Eternal Glory to Comrade Chou En-lal Great Proletarian ReYolutionary of the Chinese People and Outstanding Communist Fighter! Supplement COMRADE CHOU EN-LAI PASSES AWAY Obituary Notice Issued by CPC Central Committee, NPC Standing Committee and State Council "pHE Central Committee of the' Communist Party of treatment, Comrade Chou En-lai, the great fighter of China, the Standing'Committee of the Notional the Chinese people, left us forever. His death is a People's Congress and the State Council of the Peo gigantic loss to our Party, our army and the people of ple's Republic of China announce with deepest grief: our country, to the cause of China's socialist revolu Comrade Chou En-lai, Member of the CPC Central tion and construction, to the international cause of opposing imperialism, colonialism and hegemonism, Committee, Member of the Political Bureau of the and to the cause of the international communist CPC Central Committee, Member of the Standing movement. Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Vice-Chairman of the CPC Central Com Comrade Chou En-lai was loyal to the Party and mittee, Premier of the State Council of the People's Re the people. Fighting heroically and working with utter public of China and Chairman of the Notional Com devotion, he selflessly dedicated all his energies mittee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative throughout his life to the implementation of Chairman Conference, died of cancer at 09:57 hours on January Mao's proletarian revolutionary line and to the victory 8, 1976, in Peking at the age of 78. of the liberation of the Chinese people and the cause of communism. Under the leadership of Chairman Comrade Chou En-lai was a fine member of the Mao, Comrade Chou En-lai made indelible contribu Communist Party of China, a great proletarian revolu tions and performed immortal services in the building tionary of the Chinese people, a loyal revolutionary and development of the Marxist Communist Party of fighter of the Chinese people and an eminent, long- China, in the building and development of our in tested leader of the Party and the state. vincible people's army, in the bringing of the new- Since Comrade Chou En-lai fell ill in 1972, he democratic revolution to victory and the founding of received constant and affectionate attention from our the socialist new China, in the consolidation of the great leader Chairman Mao and the Party Central great unity of the people of all nationalities led by Committee and was given meticulous, many-sided the working class and based on the worker-peasant treatment by medical personnel. He persisted in work alliance and in the development of the revolutionary ing throughout, and waged tenacious struggle against united front, in the struggle for the victory of the so the disease. As his condition worsened despite all cialist revolution and construction and the victory of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution and the ties and, under the leadership of the Party Central movement to criticize Lin Piao and Confucius, and in Committee headed by Chairman Mao, unite as one, the consolidation of the proletarian dictatorship in take class struggle as the key link, keep to the Party's our country, and thus won the wholehearted love and basic line, persevere in continuing the revolution respect of the whole Party, the whole army and the under the dictatorship of the proletariat, uphold pro people of the whole country. letarian internationalism, consolidate and develop the victories of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, The life of Comrade Chou En-lai was one of glori and strive to consolidate the dictatorship of the pro ous fighting for the cause of communism and one of letariat, combat and prevent revisionism, build China continuing the revolution with perseverance. into a powerful modern socialist country and bring the The news of Comrade Chou En-loi's death will cause of communism to triumph. arouse deep grief in the hearts of our people. We Eternal glory to Comrade Chou En-lai, great pro should turn our grief into strength. The whole Party, letarian revolutionary of the Chinese people and out the whole army and the people of the whole country standing communist fighter! should learn from Comrade Chou En-lai's proletarian revolutionary spirit and his noble revolutionary quali (Hsinhua News Agency, January 8, 1976) Name List of Funeral Committee for the Late Comrade Chou En-lai ^AO TSETUNG, Wong Hung-wen, Yeh Chien-ying, Mu-chih, Teng Kong, Wu Pao-huo, Chin Tsu-min, Teng Hsiao-ping, Chu Teh, Chang Chun-chiao, Hsieh Ching-yi (fem.), Yang Po-lan (fem.), Chiao Wei Kuo-ching, Liu Po-cheng, Chiang Ching (fern.), Kuan-hua, Shih Yi-chih, Li Chiang, Fang Yi, Sha Feng, Hsu Shih-yu, Hua Kuo-feng, Chi Teng-kuei, Wu Teh, Chen Shao-kun, Chou Tzu-chien, Liu Hsi-yao, Li Chi- Wang Tung-hsing, Chen Yung-kuei, Chen Hsi-lien, Li tai, Wang Cheng, Li Cheng-fang, Pien Chiang, Wang Hsien-nien, Li Teh-sheng, Yao Wen-yuan, Wu Kuei- Yang, Hsu Chin-chiang. Kang Shih-en, Chien Cheng- hsien (fern.), Su Chen-hua, Ni Chih-fu, Saifudin, ying (fem.), Chien Chih-kuang, Wan Li, Yeh Fei, Soong Ching Ling (fem.), Kuo Mo-jo, Hsu Hsiang- Chung Fu-hsiang, Chang Ching-fu, Fan Tzu-yu, Yu chien, Nieh Jung-chen, Chen Yun, Ton Chen-lin, Li Hui-yung, Chou Jung-hsin, Liu Hsiong-ping (fem.), Ching-chuan, Chang Ting-cheng, Tsai Chang (fem.), Chuang Tse-tung, Wu Ching-tung, Su Ching, Fang Ulanfu, Ngapo Ngawang-Jigme, Chou Chien-jen, Hsu Chiang, Chen Kuo-tung, Yang Cheng-wu, Liang Pi- Teh-heng, Hu Chueh-wen, Li Su-wen (fem.), Yao Lien- yeh, Chang Tsung-hsun, Lin Li-yun (fem.), Tsai Hsiao, wei, Teng Ying-chao (fem.), Tsoo Yi-ou (fem.), Su Yu, Chu Yun-shan, Liu Wen-hui, Shih Liang (fem.), Hu Wang Chen, Yu Chiu-li, Ku Mu, Sun Chien, Shen Yen- Yu-chih, Sha Chien-li, Chi Fang, Huang Ting-chen, ping, Pebala Gelieh-Namje, Chiang Hua, Chang Chou Pei-yuon and Tien Fu-ta. Yao-tzu, Kuo Yu-feng, Keng Piao, Lo Ching-chang, Li Ta-chang, Lu Ying, Hsu Chien-sheng, Mo Ai, Chu (Hsinhiui News Agency, January 8, 1976) Vice-chairman Teng Hsiao-ping's Speech at the Memcrial Meeting for Comrade Chen En-lai \A/ITH deepest grief, we pay tribute today to the Director of the Political Department of the First Army memory of Comrade Chou En-lai, a fine member of the National Revolutionary Army and Standing of the Communist Party of China, a great proletarian Committee Member and concurrently Military Affairs revolutionary, an outstanding communist fighter and Department Director of the CPC Kwangtung-Kwangsi an eminent, long-tested Party and state leader of the Regional Committee. He went to Shanghai in the Chinese people. winter of 1926 to work with the Party Central Commit From the time Comrade Chou En-lai fell ill with tee and later became Secretary of the CPC Kiongsu- cancer in 1972, he received constant and affectionate Chekiong Regional Military Committee and Secretary attention from our great leader Chairman Mao and of the Military Commission of the CPC Central Com the Party Central Committee and was given meticu mittee. He was the principal leader of the 1927 lous, many-sided treatment by medical personnel. He Shanghai workers' armed uprisings. After Chiang persisted in working throughout and waged tenacious Kai-shek and then Wang Ching-wei betrayed the struggle against the disease. Comrade Chou En-lai's revolution. Comrade Chou En-lai, together with other condition worsened despite all treatment, and his comrades, led the August 1 Nanchang Uprising to heart ceased to beat at 9:57 o'clock on the morning save the revolution; in that uprising he was Secretory of January 8, 1976. The whole Party, the whole army of the CPC Front Committee. During the Second and the people throughout our country are deeply Revolutionary Civil War period, he also carried on the grieved at the loss of our Premier. Party's underground revolutionary work in Shanghai, served as Director of the Organization Department of Comrade Chou En-lai's death is a gigantic loss the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the to our Party, our army and the people of our country, Military Commission of the Party Central Committee to the cause of China's socialist revolution and con and held other posts. After he entered the Central struction, to the international cause of opposing im Revolutionary Base Area in Kjangsi in December 1931, perialism, colonialism and hegemonism, and to the he was Secretary of the Central Bureau of the Central cause of the international communist movement. Soviet Area, Political Commissar of the First Front From youth. Comrade Chou En-lai dedicated Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red himself to the cause of the liberation of the Chinese Army and Vice-Chairman of the Revolutionary Military people. He took on active part in the May 4th Move Commission of the Party Central Committee and held ment of 1919, undertaking revolutionary activities other posts. He remained after the Tsunyi Meeting as against imperialism and feudalism. Between 1920 Vice-Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Commis and 1924, he studied in France and Germany under sion of the Party Central Committee under Chairman a work-study program and spread Marxism among Mao's leadership and took part in organizing and Chinese students and workers living in Europe. He leading the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army joined the Communist Party of China in 1922, be in its triumphant 25,000-H Long March.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared
    Recent Articles from the China Journal of System Engineering Prepared by the University of Washington Quantum System Engineering (QSE) Group.1 Bibliography [1] Mu A-Hua, Zhou Shao-Lei, and Yu Xiao-Li. Research on fast self-adaptive genetic algorithm and its simulation. Journal of System Simulation, 16(1):122 – 5, 2004. [2] Guan Ai-Jie, Yu Da-Tai, Wang Yun-Ji, An Yue-Sheng, and Lan Rong-Qin. Simulation of recon-sat reconing process and evaluation of reconing effect. Journal of System Simulation, 16(10):2261 – 3, 2004. [3] Hao Ai-Min, Pang Guo-Feng, and Ji Yu-Chun. Study and implementation for fidelity of air roaming system above the virtual mount qomolangma. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):356 – 9, 2000. [4] Sui Ai-Na, Wu Wei, and Zhao Qin-Ping. The analysis of the theory and technology on virtual assembly and virtual prototype. Journal of System Simulation, 12(4):386 – 8, 2000. [5] Xu An, Fan Xiu-Min, Hong Xin, Cheng Jian, and Huang Wei-Dong. Research and development on interactive simulation system for astronauts walking in the outer space. Journal of System Simulation, 16(9):1953 – 6, Sept. 2004. [6] Zhang An and Zhang Yao-Zhong. Study on effectiveness top analysis of group air-to-ground aviation weapon system. Journal of System Simulation, 14(9):1225 – 8, Sept. 2002. [7] Zhang An, He Sheng-Qiang, and Lv Ming-Qiang. Modeling simulation of group air-to-ground attack-defense confrontation system. Journal of System Simulation, 16(6):1245 – 8, 2004. [8] Wu An-Bo, Wang Jian-Hua, Geng Ying-San, and Wang Xiao-Feng.
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Quemoy: the Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwar Military Balance in the Taiwan Strait
    Naval War College Review Volume 69 Article 8 Number 2 Spring 2016 The aB ttle of Quemoy: The Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwar Military Balance in the Taiwan Strait Maochun Miles Yu The U.S. Naval Academy Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation Yu, Maochun Miles (2016) "The aB ttle of Quemoy: The Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwar Military Balance in the Taiwan Strait," Naval War College Review: Vol. 69 : No. 2 , Article 8. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol69/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Yu: The Battle of Quemoy: The Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwa THE BATTLE OF QUEMOY The Amphibious Assault That Held the Postwar Military Balance in the Taiwan Strait Maochun Miles Yu n the annals of the communist world, the month of October enjoys supreme sanctity. The Red October of 1917 ushered in the first socialist government, Iwhich would eventually become the Soviet Union. In the People’s Republic of China (PRC), October is indelibly enshrined as the anniversary month of the founding of the communist state, observed with a multiday national celebration. But each year, amid glorious celebratory glow marking the inauguration of the PRC, the memory of a forbidden and inglorious episode surfaces—inevitably, albeit surreptitiously and furtively—within China’s educated and political elite.
    [Show full text]
  • PEKING REVIEW Peking (37), China Post Office Registration No
    irtr.org/cra IRTR Cultural Revolution Archive [email protected] — In commemoration of the 45th anniversary of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Editorial by "Renmin Ribao," "Hongqi" and "Jiefangjun Bao" Scanned and prepared by It's Right to Rebel! irtr.org/cra IRTR Cultural Revolution Archive [email protected] PEKING Vol 15, No. 31 August 4, 1972 REVIEW Published in English, French, Spanish, Japanese and German editions CONTENTS THE WEEK 5 Victory of Korea's Fatherland Liberation War Celebrated China-Japan Malian Guests Welcomed Rare and Important Archaeological Finds A Week in New Zealand ARTICLES AND DOCUMENTS Carry the Glorious Tradition Forward — In commemoration of the 45th anniver­ sary of the founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army — Renmin Ribao, Hongqi and Jiefangjun Bao editorial 6 National Defence Ministry Reception: "August 1" Army Day Celebrated 7 Comrade Yeh Chien-ying's Speech (Excerpts) 9 Samdech Sihanouk Congratulated on His Successful Visit to Five Countries 10 Samdech Sihanouk's 5-Nation Visit (Pictorial) 12 Two Good and Short Fact-Finding Reports: Tsoumakang Production Brigade Correctly Handles Forestry and Animal Husbandry Contradiction and Expands Sheep-Raising 14 A Big Growth in Pig-Raising at the Shanghua Production Brigade 15 Rectifying the Style of Writing Welcomed 16 Communique on the Visit of the Government Delegation of the Arab Republic of Yemen to the People's Republic of China 17 China at the U.N.: Essence of the So-Called "Chinese Refugees" Question 18 ROUND THE WORLD 20 Japan: Opposition Parties' Appeal Egypt: Sadat Calls for Greater Unity Tunisia: Mohammed Masmoudi On Superpowers Western Europe: 17-Country Agreements on Free Trade Zone ON THE HOME FRONT 22 Nonmetallic Minerals Shanghai Workers' College Graduates — The First Year One of the Common People Published every Friday by PEKING REVIEW Peking (37), China Post Office Registration No.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Program of CCC2020
    第三十九届中国控制会议 The 39th Chinese Control Conference 程序册 Final Program 主办单位 中国自动化学会控制理论专业委员会 中国自动化学会 中国系统工程学会 承办单位 东北大学 CCC2020 Sponsoring Organizations Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation Chinese Association of Automation Systems Engineering Society of China Northeastern University, China 2020 年 7 月 27-29 日，中国·沈阳 July 27-29, 2020, Shenyang, China Proceedings of CCC2020 IEEE Catalog Number: CFP2040A -USB ISBN: 978-988-15639-9-6 CCC2020 Copyright and Reprint Permission: This material is permitted for personal use. For any other copying, reprint, republication or redistribution permission, please contact TCCT Secretariat, No. 55 Zhongguancun East Road, Beijing 100190, P. R. China. All rights reserved. Copyright@2020 by TCCT. 目录 (Contents) 目录 (Contents) ................................................................................................................................................... i 欢迎辞 (Welcome Address) ................................................................................................................................1 组织机构 (Conference Committees) ...................................................................................................................4 重要信息 (Important Information) ....................................................................................................................11 口头报告与张贴报告要求 (Instruction for Oral and Poster Presentations) .....................................................12 大会报告 (Plenary Lectures).............................................................................................................................14
    [Show full text]
  • YAO-DISSERTATION-2016.Pdf
    CONSUMING SCIENCE: A HISTORY OF SOFT DRINKS IN MODERN CHINA A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty by Liang Yao In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the School of History and Sociology Georgia Institute of Technology May 2016 COPYRIGHT © 2015 BY LIANG YAO CONSUMING SCIENCE: A HISTORY OF SOFT DRINKS IN MODERN CHINA Approved by: Dr. Hanchao Lu, Advisor Dr. Laura Bier School of History and Sociology School of History and Sociology Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. John Krige Dr. Kristin Stapleton chool of History and Sociology History Department Georgia Institute of Technology University at Buffalo Dr. Steven Usselman chool of History and Sociology Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: December 2, 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would never have finished my dissertation without the guidance, help, and support from my committee members, friends, and family. Firstly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor Professor Hanchao Lu for his caring, continuous support, and excellent intellectual guidance in all the time of research and writing of this dissertation. During my graduate study at Georgia Tech, Professor Lu guided me where and how to find dissertation sources, taught me how to express ideas and write articles like a historian. He provided me opportunities to teach history courses on my own. He also encouraged me to participate in conferences and publish articles on journals in the field. His patience and endless support helped me overcome numerous difficulties and I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my doctorial study.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Name of Pauk-Phaw
    In the Name of Pauk-Phaw C M Y CM MY CY CMY K The Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) was established as an autonomous organization in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are the Regional Economic Studies (RES, including ASEAN and APEC), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 00 Pauk Phaw Prelims.indd 2 8/23/11 1:14:51 PM In the Name of Pauk-Phaw Myanmar’s China Policy Since 1948 MAUNG AUNG MYOE INSTITUTE OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES SINGAPORE First published in Singapore in 2011 by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 119614 E-mail: [email protected] Website: <http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg> All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. © 2011 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the author and his interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the publisher or its supporters.
    [Show full text]
  • Xi Jinping and the Party Apparatus
    Miller, China Leadership Monitor, No. 25 Xi Jinping and the Party Apparatus Alice Miller In the six months since the 17th Party Congress, Xi Jinping’s public appearances indicate that he has been given the task of day-to-day supervision of the Party apparatus. This role will allow him to expand and consolidate his personal relationships up and down the Party hierarchy, a critical opportunity in his preparation to succeed Hu Jintao as Party leader in 2012. In particular, as Hu Jintao did in his decade of preparation prior to becoming top Party leader in 2002, Xi presides over the Party Secretariat. Traditionally, the Secretariat has served the Party’s top policy coordinating body, supervising implementation of decisions made by the Party Politburo and its Standing Committee. For reasons that are not entirely clear, Xi’s Secretariat has been significantly trimmed to focus solely on the Party apparatus, and has apparently relinquished its longstanding role in coordinating decisions in several major sectors of substantive policy. Xi’s Activities since the Party Congress At the First Plenum of the Chinese Communist Party’s 17th Central Committee on 22 October 2007, Xi Jinping was appointed sixth-ranking member of the Politburo Standing Committee and executive secretary of the Party Secretariat. In December 2007, he was also appointed president of the Central Party School, the Party’s finishing school for up and coming leaders and an important think-tank for the Party’s top leadership. On 15 March 2008, at the 11th National People’s Congress (NPC), Xi was also elected PRC vice president, a role that gives him enhanced opportunity to meet with visiting foreign leaders and to travel abroad on official state business.
    [Show full text]
  • An "Exceedingly Delicate Undertaking": Sino-American
    An "exceedingly delicate undertaking": Sino-American science diplomacy, 1966–78 LSE Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/102296/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Millwood, Peter (2019) An "exceedingly delicate undertaking": Sino-American science diplomacy, 1966–78. Journal of Contemporary History. ISSN 0022-0094 (In Press) Reuse Items deposited in LSE Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the LSE Research Online record for the item. [email protected] https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/ An “Exceedingly Delicate Undertaking”: Sino-American Science Diplomacy, 1966–78 Pete Millwood International History Department, London School of Economics In the first half of the twentieth century, China sought to modernize through opening to the world. Decades of what would become a century of humiliation had disabused the country of its previous self-perceived technological superiority, as famously expressed by Emperor Qianlong to the British envoy George Macartney in 1793. The Chinese had instead become convinced that they needed knowledge from outside to become strong enough to resist imperial aggression. No country encouraged this opening more than the United States. Americans threw money and expertise at the training of Chinese students and intellectuals. The Rockefeller Foundation’s first major overseas project was the creation of China’s finest medical college and other US institutions followed Rockefeller’s lead by establishing dozens of Chinese universities and technical schools to train a new generation of Chinese scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • Bull8-Cover Copy
    220 COLD WAR INTERNATIONAL HISTORY PROJECT BULLETIN More New Evidence On THE COLD WAR IN ASIA Editor’s Note: “New Evidence on History Department (particularly Prof. Zhang Shuguang (University of Mary- the Cold War in Asia” was not only the Priscilla Roberts and Prof. Thomas land/College Park) played a vital liai- theme of the previous issue of the Cold Stanley) during a visit by CWIHP’s di- son role between CWIHP and the Chi- War International History Project Bul- rector to Hong Kong and to Beijing, nese scholars. The grueling regime of letin (Issue 6-7, Winter 1995/1996, 294 where the Institute of American Studies panel discussions and debates (see pro- pages), but of a major international (IAS) of the Chinese Academy of Social gram below) was eased by an evening conference organized by CWIHP and Sciences (CASS) agreed to help coor- boat trip to the island of Lantau for a hosted by the History Department of dinate the participation of Chinese seafood dinner; and a reception hosted Hong Kong University (HKU) on 9-12 scholars (also joining the CWIHP del- by HKU at which CWIHP donated to January 1996. Both the Bulletin and egation were Prof. David Wolff, then of the University a complete set of the the conference presented and analyzed Princeton University, and Dr. Odd Arne roughly 1500 pages of documents on the newly available archival materials and Westad, Director of Research, Norwe- Korean War it had obtained (with the other primary sources from Russia, gian Nobel Institute). Materials for the help of the Center for Korean Research China, Eastern Europe and other loca- Bulletin and papers for the conference at Columbia University) from the Rus- tions in the former communist bloc on were concurrently sought and gathered sian Presidential Archives.
    [Show full text]
  • The CCP Central Committee's Leading Small Groups Alice Miller
    Miller, China Leadership Monitor, No. 26 The CCP Central Committee’s Leading Small Groups Alice Miller For several decades, the Chinese leadership has used informal bodies called “leading small groups” to advise the Party Politburo on policy and to coordinate implementation of policy decisions made by the Politburo and supervised by the Secretariat. Because these groups deal with sensitive leadership processes, PRC media refer to them very rarely, and almost never publicize lists of their members on a current basis. Even the limited accessible view of these groups and their evolution, however, offers insight into the structure of power and working relationships of the top Party leadership under Hu Jintao. A listing of the Central Committee “leading groups” (lingdao xiaozu 领导小组), or just “small groups” (xiaozu 小组), that are directly subordinate to the Party Secretariat and report to the Politburo and its Standing Committee and their members is appended to this article. First created in 1958, these groups are never incorporated into publicly available charts or explanations of Party institutions on a current basis. PRC media occasionally refer to them in the course of reporting on leadership policy processes, and they sometimes mention a leader’s membership in one of them. The only instance in the entire post-Mao era in which PRC media listed the current members of any of these groups was on 2003, when the PRC-controlled Hong Kong newspaper Wen Wei Po publicized a membership list of the Central Committee Taiwan Work Leading Small Group. (Wen Wei Po, 26 December 2003) This has meant that even basic insight into these groups’ current roles and their membership requires painstaking compilation of the occasional references to them in PRC media.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing Two Key Points of the Huaihai Campaign Using Sun Tzu's Net Assessment
    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses Dissertations and Theses July 2015 Analyzing Two Key Points of the Huaihai Campaign Using Sun Tzu's Net Assessment Jimmy Chien University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2 Part of the Asian History Commons, and the Chinese Studies Commons Recommended Citation Chien, Jimmy, "Analyzing Two Key Points of the Huaihai Campaign Using Sun Tzu's Net Assessment" (2015). Masters Theses. 188. https://doi.org/10.7275/7080461 https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/188 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANALYZING TWO KEY POINTS OF THE HUAIHAI CAMPAIGN USING SUN TZU’S THEORY OF NET ASSESSMENT A Thesis Presented by JIMMY J. CHIEN Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2015 Chinese Language and Literature ANALYZING TWO KEY POINTS OF THE HUAIHAI CAMPAIGN USING SUN TZU’S THEORY OF NET ASSESSMENT A Thesis Presented by JIMMY J. CHIEN Approved as to style and content by: _________________________________________ David K. Schneider, Chair _________________________________________ Lt Col John O. Hagan, Member _________________________________________ Stephen R. Platt, Member _________________________________________ Stephen Miller, Program Head Asian Languages & Literatures Department of Languages, Literatures, and Culture _________________________________________ William Moebius, Department Head Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures DEDICATION To my family, fiancée, and friends.
    [Show full text]
  • July 22, 1950 Report from Zhou Enlai and Nie Rongzhen to Mao Zedong
    Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified July 22, 1950 Report from Zhou Enlai and Nie Rongzhen to Mao Zedong Citation: “Report from Zhou Enlai and Nie Rongzhen to Mao Zedong,” July 22, 1950, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, Zhonggong zhongyang wenxian yanjiushi (CPC Central Historical Documents Research Office) and Zhongyang dang'anguan (Central Archives), eds., Jianguo yilai Zhou Enlai wengao (Zhou Enlai’s Manuscripts since the Founding of the PRC), vol. 3 (Beijing: Zhongyang wenxian chubanshe, 2008), 80-81. Translated by Jingxia Yang and Douglas Stiffler. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/114205 Summary: Zhou Enlai and Nie Rongzhen suggest methods to solve the problem of supply and improve coordination in the army command in the northeast China region. Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Leon Levy Foundation. Original Language: Chinese Contents: English Translation Scan of Original Document Chairman [Mao Zedong]: [Regarding] armies moving to the northeast: (1) Three antiaircraft regiments from the East China region have all arrived in the northeast. (2) Up to the present, in the south central [region], more than 10 trains have started out from Hankou. Three armies are all on the move. It is estimated that in early August they can all arrive at the appointed locations. The Soviet jet division has reached the border. The Soviets [have ordered] this whole division to arrive at the appointed location before August 3. After these armies arrive, command and supply will become serious issues. Even if the command organization of the previous Frontier Defense Army established by the Military Commission benefits from the combat point of view, it seems currently to have difficulties: (1) Frontier Defense Army Commander Su Yu needs to recuperate [from illness].
    [Show full text]