Chassis Frame and Body
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Emergency Steer & Brake Assist – a Systematic Approach for System Integration of Two Complementary Driver Assistance Syste
EMERGENCY STEER & BRAKE ASSIST – A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH FOR SYSTEM INTEGRATION OF TWO COMPLEMENTARY DRIVER ASSISTANCE SYSTEMS Alfred Eckert Bernd Hartmann Martin Sevenich Dr. Peter E. Rieth Continental AG Germany Paper Number 11-0111 ABSTRACT optimized trajectory. In this respect and beside all technical and physical aspects, the human factor plays a major role for the development of this Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) integral assistance concept. Basis for the assist the driver during the driving task to improve development of this assistance concept were subject the driving comfort and therefore indirectly traffic driver vehicle tests to study the typical driver safety, ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) is a typical behavior in emergency situations. Objective example for a “Comfort ADAS” system. “Safety was on the one hand to analyze the relevant ADAS” directly target the improvement of safety, parameters influencing the driver decision for brake such as a forward collision warning or other and/or steer maneuvers. On the other hand the systems which assist the driver during an evaluation should result in a proposal for a emergency situation. A typical application for a preferable test setup, which can be used for use case “Safety ADAS” is EBA (Emergency Brake Assist), evasion and/or braking tests to clearly evaluate the which additionally integrates information of benefit of the system and the acceptance of normal surrounding sensors into the system function. drivers. Definition of assistance levels, warnings While systems in the longitudinal direction, such as and intervention cascade, based on physical aspects EBA, have achieved a high development status and and an analysis of driver behavior using objective are already available in the market (e.g. -
State Laws Impacting Altered-Height Vehicles
State Laws Impacting Altered-Height Vehicles The following document is a collection of available state-specific vehicle height statutes and regulations. A standard system for regulating vehicle and frame height does not exist among the states, so bumper height and/or headlight height specifications are also included. The information has been organized by state and is in alphabetical order starting with Alabama. To quickly navigate through the document, use the 'Find' (Ctrl+F) function. Information contained herein is current as of October 2014, but these state laws and regulations are subject to change. Consult the current statutes and regulations in a particular state before raising or lowering a vehicle to be operated in that state. These materials have been prepared by SEMA to provide guidance on various state laws regarding altered height vehicles and are intended solely as an informational aid. SEMA disclaims responsibility and liability for any damages or claims arising out of the use of or reliance on the content of this informational resource. State Laws Impacting Altered-Height Vehicles Tail Lamps / Tires / Frame / Body State Bumpers Headlights Other Reflectors Wheels Modifications Height of head Height of tail Max. loaded vehicle lamps must be at lamps must be at height not to exceed 13' least 24" but no least 20" but no 6". higher than 54". higher than 60". Alabama Height of reflectors must be at least 24" but no higher than 60". Height of Height of Body floor may not be headlights must taillights must be raised more than 4" be at least 24" at least 20". -
§1920. Vehicle Frame Height §1920. Vehicle Frame
MRS Title 29-A, §1920. VEHICLE FRAME HEIGHT §1920. Vehicle frame height 1. Minimum and maximum frame end heights. A motor vehicle may not be operated on a public way or receive a certificate of inspection with a frame end height of less than 10 inches or with the frame end height lower than the vehicle was originally manufactured if originally manufactured to be less than 10 inches. A motor vehicle may not be operated on a public way or receive a certificate of inspection with a maximum frame end height based on the manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating that is greater than: A. [PL 2005, c. 276, §2 (RP).] B. For a vehicle of 4,500 pounds and less, 24 inches in the front and 26 inches in the rear; [PL 1993, c. 683, Pt. A, §2 (NEW); PL 1993, c. 683, Pt. B, §5 (AFF).] C. For a vehicle of 4,501 pounds to 7,500 pounds, 28 inches in the front and 30 inches in the rear; [PL 2019, c. 335, §2 (AMD).] D. For a vehicle of 7,501 pounds to 10,000 pounds, 30 inches in the front and 32 inches in the rear; [PL 2019, c. 335, §2 (AMD).] E. For a vehicle of 10,001 pounds to 11,500 pounds, 31 inches in the front and 33 inches in the rear; and [PL 2019, c. 335, §3 (AMD).] F. For a vehicle of 11,501 pounds to 13,000 pounds, 32 inches in the front and 34 inches in the rear. [PL 2019, c. -
Subframe Design General
Subframe design General General The subframe can be used for the following purposes: • It provides clearance for wheels and other parts which protrude above the frame. • It provides rigidity and reduces the stress in the rear overhang. • It protects the chassis frame by distributing the load from the bodywork evenly over a larger area of the chassis frame. • It contributes to dampening frame oscillations that cause discomfort. To adapt the subframe to the torsionally flexible part of the chassis frame, the sub- frame should also be torsionally flexible, provided the bodywork allows it. There- fore, the side members and crossmembers of the subframe should consist mainly of open profiles, e.g. U-profiles. 376 530 More information on chassis frames is found in the document Chassis frames. More information on chassis frames and subframes is found in the document Select- ing the subframe and attachment. More information on the concepts of torsional rigidity and torsional flexibility is found in the document Forces and movements. Scania Truck Bodybuilder 22:10-649 Issue 2 2016-09-02 © Scania CV AB 2016, Sweden 1 (8) Subframe design General The subframe can appear differently depending on the characteristics required. The subframe length can vary. It can cover the whole chassis frame or be short and only cover part of the chassis frame. The height of the chassis frame can be adjusted to the current area of application. 376 541 Example of a subframe. Scania Truck Bodybuilder 22:10-649 Issue 2 2016-09-02 © Scania CV AB 2016, Sweden 2 (8) Subframe design General Side members The subframe’s side members are usually manufactured from U-profiles, just as the chassis frame’s side members. -
A Review Paper on Drum Brake
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 18, Issue 3 Ser. II (May – June 2021), PP 48-51 www.iosrjournals.org A review paper on Drum brake Shubhendra Khapre1 Dr. Rajesh Metkar2 1Dept. of Mechanical Engg, GCOEA 2Prof. Dept. of Mechanical Engg, GCOEA Abstract: In the automobile, there is a most common and important factor is safety like, braking system, airbags, good suspension, good handling, and safe cornering, etc. from the all safety system the most important and critical system is a brake system. A brake is a mechanical device that inhibits motion. A drum brake is a brake that uses friction caused by a set of shoes or pads that press against a rotating drum-shaped part called a brake drum. In this paper, we have studied the brake shoe of motor vehicles. A brake shoe is the part of a braking system which carries the brake lining in the drum brakes used on automobile or brake block in train brakes and bicycle brakes. A brake shoe is also known as a device which can be slow down railroad cars. Keywords: Breaking system, Suspension, Brake shoe, Brake lining. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 02-06-2021 Date of Acceptance: 15-06-2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Introduction We know about the braking system, there are few types of brakes like a drum brake, disc brake. The drum brake consists of backing plates, brake drum, wheel cylinder, brake pads, brake shoe, etc. The drum brake is used in various motor vehicles like passenger cars, lightweight trucks, most of the two-wheelers. -
A Thesis Entitled Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-Frame Using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav
A Thesis entitled Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-frame using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav Kesireddy Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering _________________________________________ Dr. Hongyan Zhang, Committee Chair _________________________________________ Dr. Sarit Bhaduri, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Matthew Franchetti, Committee Member _________________________________________ Dr. Amanda Bryant-Friedrich, Dean College of Graduate Studies The University of Toledo May 2017 Copyright 2017, Gaurav Kesireddy This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no parts of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. An Abstract of Design, Analysis and Optimization of Rear Sub-frame using Finite Element Modeling and Modal Analysis by Gaurav Kesireddy Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering The University of Toledo May 2017 A sub-frame is a structural component of an automobile that carries suspension, exhaust, engine room, etc. The sub-frame is generally bolted to Body in White(BIW). It is sometimes equipped with springs and bushes to dampen vibration. The principal purposes of using a sub-frame are, to spread high chassis loads over a wide area of relatively thin sheet metal of a monocoque body shell, and to isolate vibration and harshness from the rest of the body. As a natural development from a car with a full chassis, separate front and rear sub-frames are used in modern vehicles to reduce the overall weight and cost. In addition, a sub-frame yields benefits to production in that subassemblies can be made which can be introduced to the main body shell when required on an automated line. -
Vehicle Make: Model: Chassis Number (Full): Registration/Retail Date: Registration Number: Miles/Kilometres: Assessment Date: Be
BENTLEY CERTIFIED PRE-OWNED EXTENDED SERVICE PROGRAM TECHNICAL INSPECTION TECHNICAL INSPECTION Vehicle Make: Model: Registration Number: Miles/Kilometres: Registration/Retail Date: Chassis Number (Full): Bentley Certified Technician: Assessment Date: I. CHECK FOR LEVELS AND LEAKS III. OPERATION AND CONDITION CHECK V. AFTER ROAD TEST 1. Engine Oil 37. Ignition/Starter 71. Check for Visible Leaks 2. Transmission Oil 38. Suspension and Shock Absorbers 72. Glass for Chips, Cracks, 3. Power Steering Fluid 39. Engine and Suspension Mountings Delamination and Correct/Legal Tint 4. Brake Fluid 40. Steering and Suspension Joints 73. Bodywork Commensurate with Age/Miles (no dents or scratches) 5. Hydraulic Oil 41. Wheel Bearings for wear 74. Carpets Commensurate with 6. Engine Coolant (inc specific gravity) and adjustment Age and Mileage (appearance 42. Rubber Boots and Gaiters 7. Washer Reservoir and security) 43. Propeller Shaft/Drive Shafts - 8. Fuel System Leaks 75. Upholstery and Headlining Condition/Tightness 9. Final Drive Oil (appearance and security) 44. All Drive Belts - Condition/Tightness 76. Veneers and trim (appearance II. FUNCTION TEST 45. Brake Pipes and Hoses - and security) Condition and Security 10. Check for Oustanding Recalls/ 46. Brake pads for Wear/Serviceability VI. FINAL PREPARATION Service Campaigns and Software 47. Underbody and Exhaust (including Downloads 77. Check Service History and Update the Catalytic Convertor) - Damage/ if Necessary 11. Parking Brake Operation Corrosion 78. Check the Operation of the Spare 12. Bonnet/Boot Release and 48. Check Operation of Exhaust Key Fob Safety Catch Solenoid Valve 79. Compliance with Statutory 13. Operation of Doors, Boot, 49. Clear Body Drains Glove Box etc. -
Drum Brakes Inspection & Service
Drum Brakes Inspection & Service First you must get the drum off! • Some slide right off, • Some have to be hit with a hammer. • Some have holes to install two bolts (Tighten each bolt equally) Remove A Brake Drum Use penetrant around axle hub May need to hammer floating drum Wet down inside of drum to control dust before hammering Only hammer on the axle flange! (ask to be shown) May need to adjust brake shoes inward Remove A Brake Drum For a fixed brake drum you will need to carefully adjust the wheel bearings when done! There are many tricks to removing stuck brake drums. Before you break something ASK! Understand each piece and avoid mistakes Terminology Anchor Wheel Cylinder Brake Shoes Primary Secondary Return Springs Shoe hold downs Terminology Parking Brake Strut Parking Brake Cable Self Adjusters Backing Plate (often neglected) Backing Plates Backing plates are often overlooked and usually have grooved & worn shoe support pads Be sure to thoroughly clean backing plate and lightly lube the support pads • contact points on backing plate are called a shoe pad. They should be filed flat to prevent shoes from hanging up in deep grooves or better yet just replace the backing plate. Always lube Shoe Support Tabs with a thin layer of Synthetic Disc Brake Lubricant (or suitable lube) Be careful… do not use too much. Grease on brake shoes is BIG TROUBLE! Dual-Servo or Leading-Trailing • Drum brakes on Rear Wheel drive are most often Dual Servo. • They have a Primary and Secondary brake shoe • The Primary shoe friction material is shorter and it faces the front of the vehicle Dual Servo braking action Both brake shoes will pivot Primary shoe will wedge the secondary out into the drum Primary and secondary shoe will fit backwards, but not properly work Which is the primary shoe? Where is the front of this vehicle? Dual-Servo or Leading-Trailing • Drum brakes on Front Wheel drive are most often Leading-Trailing. -
The Basics of Electricity and Vehicle Lighting the Basics of Electricity and Lighting
$200.00 USD Series of Self-Study Guides from Grote Industries The Basics of Electricity and Vehicle Lighting The Basics of Electricity and Lighting How To Use This Book This self-study guide is divided into six sec- down to expose the first line of the second tions that cover topics from basic theory of question. The answer to the first question is electricity to choosing the right equipment. shown at the far right. Compare your answer It presents the information in text form sup- to the answer key. ported by illustrations, diagrams charts and Choose an answer to the second question. other graphics that highlight and explain key Slide the cover sheet down to expose the first points. Each section also includes a short quiz line of the third question and compare your to give the you a measure of your comprehen- answer to the answer key. sion. At the end of the guide is a final test that In the same manner, answer the balance of is designed to measure the learner’s overall the quiz questions. comprehension of the material. The final exam at the end of this guide To get the most value from this study guide, presents a second test of your knowledge of carefully read the text and study the illustra- the material. Be certain to use the quizzes and tions in each section. In some cases, you may final exam. In the case of the final exam, fold want to underline or highlight key information the answer sheet as directed, and mail to the for easier review and study later. -
Low Loader Trailer Manual
Low Loader Trailer Manual If you have any questions please email [email protected] ph (855) 744 3877 futuratrailers.com Futura Trailers Limited Warranty (Overview) Below is a brief overview of your trailers TWO YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY and the process for obtaining warranty service. The full description of the warranty can be found on our website www.futuratrailers.com/warranty. Futura Trailers Inc warrants that its product will be free from defects in materials and workmanship, under normal use and service for a period of two (2) years. The warranty period starts the day of purchase by the original owner. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORT (DOT) REQUIRES FUTURA TRAILERS INC TO HAVE A RECORD OF THE FIRST PURCHASER OF A NEW VEHICLE. PLEASE ASSIST YOUR DEALER BY PROVIDING THE NECESSARY INFORMATION TO REGISTER YOUR TRAILER OR REGISTER ON OUR WEB SITE FUTURATRAILERS.COM/WARRANTY OR E-MAIL [email protected] OR PHONE 855 744 3877 In the event that the trailer is returned to an authorized Futura Trailers dealer or Futura Trailers facility or authorised agent and under their inspection is determined to have been defective in material and/or workmanship, under normal use, the trailer will be repaired without charge to the original purchaser. You must contact Futura Trailers Inc or the dealer from which your trailer was purchased to make a warranty claim. All warranty work performed must be pre-approved by Futura Trailers Inc, or Futura Trailers Inc reserves the right to deny coverage. All repairs must be performed by Futura Trailers Inc, Futura Trailers Inc dealer or a service agent that has been pre-approved by Futura Trailers Inc. -
Vin Clarke Pdf Free Download
VIN CLARKE PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Larrie Benton Zacharie | 72 pages | 25 Oct 2011 | Verpublishing | 9786137815380 | English | United States Vin Clarke PDF Book More From Reference. With a little help from your trusty VIN decoder, you should be feeling confident about your purchase in no time at all. Shine the flashlight on the engine to illuminate small parts. Give them specific details about the truck. For instance, the 6 signifies a model year. Jonathan Lamas is a seasoned automotive journalist. You can identify attributes like the model, engine type and body style from these symbols. Click on "Decode," then scroll down on the next screen to read your vehicle's features. This includes all the extra details, such as the style or trim of a vehicle, that a VIN record will not. A vehicle identification number VIN can tell you everything you need to know about a car. Jonathan Lamas. Contacting a dealership Sometimes specific vehicle information cannot be sought using a VIN decoder. The VIN system was first developed in the mids, but it didn't take on its modern format until The records obtained through a VIN on that site search may contain incorrect information. If you don't see the VIN, check this area on all four wheel frames. You have a Social Security number. The first step to decoding a VIN is to locate the full digit code. When you consider vanity plates too that represent the owner rather than the car, you can see that license plates are not an accurate way of identifying cars. Some states require insurance firms to provide the Department of Motor Vehicles DMV with your VIN along with the insurance policy number so they can police uninsured vehicles. -
Owners Manual
19_GMC_Acadia_AcadiaDenali_COV_en_US_84139730A_2018APR13.ai 1 4/4/2018 1:02:16 PM 2019 Acadia/Acadia Denali Acadia/Acadia 2019 C M Y CM MY CY CMY K Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner’s Manual gmc.com (U.S.) 84139730 A gmccanada.ca (Canada) GMC Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/ Mexico-12146149) - 2019 - crc - 3/27/18 Contents Introduction . 2 In Brief . 5 Keys, Doors, and Windows . 28 Seats and Restraints . 55 Storage . 111 Instruments and Controls . 118 Lighting . 164 Infotainment System . 173 Climate Controls . 198 Driving and Operating . 205 Vehicle Care . 284 Service and Maintenance . 373 Technical Data . 386 Customer Information . 390 Reporting Safety Defects . 400 OnStar . 404 Connected Services . 412 Index . 416 GMC Acadia/Acadia Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/ Mexico-12146149) - 2019 - crc - 3/27/18 2 Introduction Introduction This manual describes features that Helm, Incorporated may or may not be on the vehicle Attention: Customer Service because of optional equipment that 47911 Halyard Drive was not purchased on the vehicle, Plymouth, MI 48170 model variants, country USA specifications, features/applications that may not be available in your Using this Manual region, or changes subsequent to To quickly locate information about the printing of this owner’s manual. the vehicle, use the Index in the The names, logos, emblems, Refer to the purchase back of the manual. It is an slogans, vehicle model names, and documentation relating to your alphabetical list of what is in the vehicle body designs appearing in specific vehicle to confirm the manual and the page number where this manual including, but not limited features.