DOUBLING WILD TIGERS 2020 Annual Report Prepared by WWF Tigers Alive and Designed by Kazi Studios
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DOUBLING WILD TIGERS 2020 Annual Report Prepared by WWF Tigers Alive and designed by Kazi Studios Published in March 2021 by WWF. Any reproduction in full or in part must mention the title and credit the above-mentioned publisher as the copyright owner. © Text 2020 WWF Cover Photo ©Suyash Keshari / WWF-International ©Emmanuel Rondeau / WWF-US WWF TIGERS ALIVE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 CONTENTS FOREWORD 1 MAJOR MOMENTS OF 2020 4 WHERE WE WORK 6 HOW WE WORK 8 ADAPTING TO CRISIS 10 AVOIDING EXTINCTION 16 Feature story: The snaring crisis in Southeast Asia 29 Feature story: Meet the all-female ranger team protecting China's tigers 35 LIVING WITH TIGERS 41 Feature story: How Pilibhit Tiger Reserve more than doubled its tiger population 49 BRINGING BACK THE ROAR 53 Feature story: Bringing tigers back to India's Western Terai Arc Landscape 57 THE PATH TO 2022 61 THANK YOU 65 ©Ajay Varma / WWF-International WWF TIGERS ALIVE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 A GLOBAL MISSION TO SECURE THE FUTURE OF THE WORLD’S MOST THREATENED BIG CAT. 1 2020 THREW A SPOTLIGHT ON OUR FRAGILE RELATIONSHIP WITH NATURE. BUT DESPITE ITS CHALLENGES, 2020 REAFFIRMED THAT PERSISTENT CONSERVATION CAN HELP SECURE A FUTURE FOR TIGERS. REDUCED TO JUST 5% OF THEIR RANGE, THE YEAR OF THE TIGER WILL BE AN OPPORTUNITY TO REDOUBLE EFFORTS AND SECURE A FUTURE FOR WILD TIGERS. NOW IS THE TIME TO STEP UP. WWF TIGERS ALIVE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 WWF’S TIGERS ALIVE INITIATIVE LOOKING BACK AT 2020 ©Ola Jennersten / WWF-Sweden As we approach the Year of the Tiger deadly contraption can eradicate both to Kazakhstan is also on track with the in 2022 and the goal to double wild wildlife and hard-earned conservation return of the tiger set for 2024! tigers, known as TX2, we are seeing the gains in the absence of rangers and culmination of long term conservation supportive legislation. 2022 will represent interventions leading to some extraordinary results. WWF-Malaysia’s Project Stampede both the lunar Year of continues to demonstrate the It has often been said that TX2 effectiveness of conservation when the Tiger and a Global represents one of the most ambitious working in partnership with indigenous conservation targets ever set for peoples. The data from their dedicated Tiger Summit - a once a single species. So it figures that snare removal patrols shows massively in 12-year opportunity progress towards achieving this reduced levels of snaring in Royal target must represent one of the most Belum State Park. New legislation was to measure progress ambitious programs ever delivered for also introduced in Russia, prohibiting a single species. the use of snares in any areas occupied towards TX2 and set new by tigers, snow leopards and Amur and ambitious goals. November 2020 marked the 10th leopards. anniversary of the 2010 Tiger Summit and WWF, together with partners, Global Tiger Day 2020 was marked There is no doubt that the global trend launched the inaugural TX2 Awards with the announcement of India’s for tiger numbers is on the rise. But to recognise sites that have achieved adoption of the Conservation Assured will TX2 be realised? There will be a conservation excellence. India's Pilibhit | Tiger Standards (CA|TS) across all of number of new estimates from tiger Tiger Reserve won the TX2 Award for the country’s 50 Tiger Reserves, which range states released during next year doubling its tiger populations over the cover 65% of its wild tigers. WWF- that will piece together the story of last decade, estimated to be 65 tigers as India is now partnering with the Global tiger numbers. of 2018. The winner of a further award Tiger Forum to implement CA|TS in all for ‘Conservation Excellence’ was the Tiger Reserves. Beyond 2022, and looking into the next transboundary partnership created in 12 year cycle, what does the future hold Tigers are also on the move as 2011 between Bhutan and India - the for the species? Tigers are found in less evidenced by the record for the highest Transboundary Manas Conservation than 5% of their historic range. What if altitude tiger in Nepal being broken Area. Data from the last survey in 2018 TX2 could be reimagined to represent twice in a year. Early in 2020 a tiger estimates tigers in both sites to have a doubling of tiger range by 2034? was recorded in the far west of Nepal more than doubled since 2010. Expanding tiger range both within and at 2500m, which was surpassed in outside existing range and bending the These successes prove it is possible for November with a tiger recorded at curve with the recolonisation of tigers large carnivores to survive in human 3165m in the far east of the country. in places where the conditions for tiger dominated landscapes, provided safe- At the heart of this range expansion recovery can be recreated. havens and human-tiger interactions are core protected areas, connected by are managed. But in some countries the corridors and the presence of adequate This is an exciting prospect, and we road to tiger recovery remains fraught prey species in the wider landscape. can’t wait for you to join us on the with challenges. journey to 2022, the Year of the Tiger! Sometimes, tigers need a helping hand One of the root causes of the extinction to recolonise their former range. After Stuart Chapman wave that is sweeping across much of more than a decade of planning by Leader of WWF’s Tigers Alive Initiative Southeast Asia was revealed in a WWF WWF-India and partners, tigers have report, Silence of the Snares: Southeast been released in the western part of Asia’s Snaring Crisis. The report is a the Rajaji Tiger Reserve in December stark reminder of how a simple but 2020. Progress to reintroduce tigers 3 RUSSIA COVID-19 GLOBAL PANDEMIC TIGERS CONTINUE TO RECOVER IN DECLARED RUSSIAN FAR EAST PROVINCE On the 11th March the World WWF-Russia and the Amur Tiger Health Organisation officially Centre estimated a population declared the COVID-19 of 20 tigers within Evreiskaya outbreak a global pandemic. FIRST COVID-19 CASE Province, including the Heartland A large number of countries site of Pompeerski National entered national lockdowns RECORDED OUTSIDE OF CHINA Park. Since 2013 WWF has been during March, closing their Thailand was the first country supporting translocations of tigers borders and put heavy to confirm COVID-19 outside in Evreiskaya, an area that had no restrictions preventing the China. tigers when the project started. movement of people. JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH A SNAPSHOT OF 2020 SEPTEMBER MYANMAR KENZO PARTNERS WITH WWF WILDLIFE MONITORING UNIT TRAINED French fashion house KENZO With the support of WWF-Myanmar, inaugurates a new capsule 29 community members were trained collection, in support of as part of a Wildlife Monitoring Unit tiger conservation. This and has begun occupancy surveys in collaboration forms part of a remote areas of the Dawna Tenasserim broader partnership between Landscape. KENZO and WWF. OCTOBER NOVEMBER MALAYSIA BHUTAN & INDIA CHINA TIGER SIGHTING BRINGS HOPE TX2 AWARD CELEBRATES TRIALLING NEW TECHNOLOGY A tigress and three cubs were SUCCESS A real-time surveillance system is piloted to monitor tigers, captured on camera traps in India’s Pilibhit Tiger prey, and human disturbance Malaysia earlier this year. Reserve, Manas Tiger in Huangnihe National Nature With the ongoing poaching Reserve and Bhutan’s Reserve. In the first month of crisis still plaguing many of Royal Manas National Park deployment, one case of forest the world’s wild tigers, this received the inaugural TX2 resources being illegally extracted discovery offers a message of Award and Conservation and the presence of one tiger hope for Malaysia's tigers. Excellence Award for their was recorded. The images were outstanding contribution immediately transferred to the to tiger conservation. authorities to be reviewed. WWF TIGERS ALIVE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 NEPAL INCREASING PRESSURES ON IMPACTS OF TRAVEL BANS HIT NEPAL PROTECTED AREAS ECO-TOURISM RECORDS ARE BROKEN! Data from 11 protected areas Homestay owners and tourism Camera trap images in Nepal found that human operators are severely impacted reveal the highest altitude entry into protected parks rose by COVID-19 lockdowns and the sighting of a tiger in Nepal, significantly during the national halt to travel across the globe. captured at over 2500m. lockdown due to COVID-19. The This places financial stress on This evidence of a tiger first month of the lockdown (24 communities and increases supports the notion that March – 24 April) saw more pressures on protected areas. high altitude habitats may cases of illegal extraction of For example, India's Corbett provide refuge for tigers forest resources such as illicit Tiger Reserve receives an and help connect their logging and harvesting than the estimated US1,00,000 in park territory between Nepal preceding 11 months combined. entrance fees annually. and India. APRIL MAY JUNE SOUTHEAST ASIA JULY SNARING: SOUNDING THE ALARM A WWF report warns of a snaring crisis threatening wildlife in the protected areas of Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam. Snaring threatens tigers and tiger prey. One of Southeast Asia’s most important remaining tiger landscapes, Belum- Temengor in Malaysia, experienced a 50% decline in tiger numbers from 2009- 2018 largely due to snaring. THAILAND THAILAND'S TIGER ESTIMATE INDIA BHUTAN Thailand's Department of National GOVERNMENT EXPANDS CA|TS TIGER RECOVERY Parks releases an updated tiger The announcement by the National During 2020 Bhutan recorded six population estimate for Thailand of Tiger Conservation Authority of previously unrecorded tigers across between 130 and 160 tigers across India’s adoption of the CA|TS across Jomotshangkha Wildlife Sanctuary, the country.