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Eduardo De Moura Almeida UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM EDUARDO DE MOURA ALMEIDA ANIME MUSIC VIDEO (AMV), MULTI E NOVOS LETRAMENTOS: O REMIX NA CULTURA OTAKU CAMPINAS, 2018 EDUARDO DE MOURA ALMEIDA ANIME MUSIC VIDEO (AMV), MULTI E NOVOS LETRAMENTOS: O REMIX NA CULTURA OTAKU Tese de doutorado apresentada ao Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas para obtenção do título de Doutor em Linguística Aplicada na área de Linguagem e Educação Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo Este exemplar corresponde à versão final da Tese defendida pelo aluno Eduardo de Moura Almeida e orientada pela Profa. Dra. Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo CAMPINAS, 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): FAPESP, 2015/22567-8; FAPESP, 2017/08441-7 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem Dionary Crispim de Araújo - CRB 8/7171 Almeida, Eduardo de Moura, 1981- AL64a AlmAnime Music Video (AMV), multi e novos letramentos : o remix na cultura otaku / Eduardo de Moura Almeida. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. AlmOrientador: Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo. AlmTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. Alm1. Remixes. 2. Animação (Cinematografia). 3. Multiletramentos. 4. Cultura popular - Japão. I. Rojo, Roxane Helena Rodrigues. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Anime Music Video (AMV), multi and new literacies : the remix in the otaku culture Palavras-chave em inglês: Remixes Animation (Cinematography) Multiliteracies Popular culture - Japan Área de concentração: Linguagem e Educação Titulação: Doutor em Linguística Aplicada Banca examinadora: Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo [Orientador] Walkyria Maria Monte Mór Mônica Baptista Sampaio Tavares Marcelo El Khouri Buzato Jacqueline Peixoto Barbosa Data de defesa: 29-08-2018 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Linguística Aplicada Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) BANCA EXAMINADORA: Roxane Helena Rodrigues Rojo Marcelo El Khouri Buzato Jacqueline Peixoto Barbosa Walkyria Maria Monte Mor Monica Baptista Sampaio Tavares IEL/UNICAMP 2018 Ata da defesa, com as respectivas assinaturas dos membros da banca, encontra-se no SIGA - Sistema de Gestão Acadêmica. DEDICATÓRIA A Luiz Jacintho da Silva e Mirian Martho de Moura AGRADECIMENTOS À professora Roxane Rojo, pela orientação e por ser uma grande inspiração. Sou grato por partilhar comigo seus conhecimentos e sua experiência como pesquisadora e como docente. À professora Jacqueline Peixoto. Sou muito grato por ter me ensinado tanto e, principalmente, por ter me colocado e guiado neste caminho, incentivando-me sempre, nesse longo e gratificante percurso. À Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), pelas concessões da Bolsa de Doutorado no país (Processo Fapesp - 2015/22567-8) e da Bolsa de Estágio de Pesquisa no Exterior (Processo Fapesp - 2017/08441-7). Agradeço o apoio financeiro e institucional, essencial à execução desta pesquisa. Às professoras Jacqueline Peixoto e Mônica Tavares e ao professor Marcelo Buzato, pelo diálogo gentil e inestimável que gerou valiosas contribuições a essa pesquisa, por ocasião do Exame de Qualificação de Tese. Ao professor Eduardo Navas (Universidade Estadual da Pensilvânia - Penn State) e ao seu grupo de pesquisa, por terem me ajudado e me ensinado tanto e, principalmente, pela oportunidade de dialogar sobre esta pesquisa durante o estágio de doutorado no exterior. À professora Terezinha de Jesus Machado Maher, pela oportunidade de realizar meu Exame de Qualificação fora de Área. De modo muito especial, agradeço a Fabiana Franco Barbosa Oda (Momoka). Linda, sou muito grato pelo seu apoio. Reconheço o quanto essa tese absorveu de nossas conversas; ela tem muito de nossos diálogos sobre remix e arquivo. Sou sempre grato por você estar do meu lado nos momentos de alegria e dificuldades. De mãos dadas, meu amor. À minha família: à minha mãe Mirian (grande incentivadora e inspiração, te admiro muito), à minha irmã Marina e ao meu irmão Guilherme pela compreensão e apoio mesmo depois de todos esses anos de ausências. Obrigado pelas tentativas sinceras em tentar entender os meus objetivos e interesses de pesquisa. Agradeço ao meu tio Francisco Moura (tio Chico) e à minha tia Wilma Moura. Agradeço também minha tia Elda e Tom, por terem ajudado e nos recebido durante o estágio de doutorado no exterior. A Thá (Thais Kuperman Lancman), pelo carinho e pelas trocas (de figurinhas) valiosas. Sou grato pelos nossos Olars, tem muito de nossas conversas aqui. A Ana Amélia Calazans. Obrigado pelos conselhos e pela ajuda. Sou grato por partilhar comigo suas experiências e por ter me ajudando durante a tese. Agradeço ainda aos amigos-colegas da Linguística Aplicada: João (obrigado pelas conversas e caronoterapias), Davi, Marly, Liliane, Fabiana, Fernanda, Adolfo, Rosi, Kátia, Mariana Assis, Gabriel, Alan Carneiro, Rô Paiva, Nay Moreira, Nayara, Natália, Eliane Azzari e demais amigos que me acompanharam durante esse caminho maravilhoso. RESUMO Este projeto de Doutorado, vinculado à área de concentração Linguagem e Educação, do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Linguística Aplicada (PPGLA/IEL/UNICAMP), centra-se na cultura otaku em contexto digital, focando, principalmente, nas produções audiovisuais pertencentes ao portal animemusicvideos.org (the org), comunidade cujo objetivo é a elaboração, distribuição e apreciação de remix de imagens em movimento produzidos a partir de animações japonesas, os Anime Music Videos (AMVs). Buscamos, primeiramente, descrever, segundo as teorias de Mikhail Bakhtin e seu Círculo, os enunciados produzidos nesse contexto e, com isso, esboçar um quadro geral bakhtiniano de análise para remix de imagem em movimento que possa fornecer direcionamentos para construção de parâmetros de didatização centrados na concepção da Pedagogia dos Novos e Multiletramentos. Para tanto, propomos integrar perspectiva enunciativo-discursiva formulada para a linguagem verbal com método objetivo de análise de objetos multimodais, por meio de um desenho de pesquisa misto, quantitativo-qualitativo, baseado em distribuições estatísticas de escolhas formais e estilísticas, em que o corpus de pesquisa será preparado para descrição e análise a partir de técnicas de visualização de dados denominadas de media visualization (principalmente, Lev Manovich e Eduardo Navas), as quais nos permitirão criar imagens e gráficos, com intuito de revelar relações e padrões existentes em nosso conjunto de dados audiovisuais, de maneira a propiciar transições produtivas entre os conceitos propostos por Bakhtin e seu Círculo (principalmente o de arquitetônica) e ferramentas de análise de edição e montagem de vídeo (principalmente, Vincent Amiel e Eli Horwatt). Palavras-chave: Remix; Anime Music Video (AMV); Cultura Otaku; Arquitetônica; Media Visualization. ABSTRACT This PhD project, linked to the area of concentration Language and Education in Applied Linguistics Program (PPG-LA/IEL/UNICAMP) focus on otaku culture, mainly on the audiovisual productions belonging to the portal animemusicvideos.org (the org), community whose goal is the elaboration and distribution of Japanese animations remixes called Anime Music Videos (AMVs). We seek to describe the AMVs produced in this context according to the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin and his Circle and thereby outline a Bakhtinian framework of analysis for remix videos that can provide directions for the construction of pedagogical parameters centered on the conception of New Literacies and Pedagogy of Multiliteracies. To do so, we propose to integrate an enunciative-discursive perspective formulated for the verbal language with an analysis objective method of multimodal objects through a mixed research design, quantitative and qualitative, based on statistical distributions of formal choices and stylistic. The corpus prepared for description and analysis from data visualization techniques (mostly, Lev Manovich and Eduardo Navas), will allow us to create images and graphics to reveal relationships and patterns in our collection of audiovisual data. Therefore, this methodological approach aims to provide productive transitions between the concepts proposed by Bakhtin and his Circle (mostly, architectonic) and analysis of editing and video editing tools (mostly, Vincent Amiel and Eli Horwatt). Keywords: Remix, Anime Music Video (AMV), Otaku Culture, Architectonics, Media Visualization. LISTA DE FIGURAS FIGURA 1 – AMV: FLASH, VLAD G POHNERT. DISPONÍVEL EM: <HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=ZQJCN35ZMF4>. ACESSO EM: 15/06/2017. ..................... 19 FIGURA 2 – GUIA DE OPINIÃO. ZEWRESTLER AND ISERLOHN'S GUIDE TO OPINIONS: NEARLY EVERYTHING THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT OPINIONS. DISPONÍVEL EM: <HTTP://MIGRE.ME/FRAKK>. ACESSO EM: 15/06/2017. ....................................................................................................................................... 23 TABELA 1 – ALGUMAS DIMENSÕES DA VARIAÇÃO DE MENTALIDADES ....................................................... 33 GRÁFICO 1 – ATIVIDADE MAIS POPULARES ENTRE DIFERENTES GERAÇÕES. BASE TOTAL DA AMOSTRA (%) .................................................................................................................................................... 37 GRÁFICO 2 – CRIAÇÃO E CURADORIA DE VÍDEOS ONLINE ENTRE JOVENS DE 18-29 ANOS ........................... 39 GRÁFICO 3 – USO DE REDES SOCIAIS
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