DOCSLIB.ORG

Wikimania 2006 2006 the 2Nd International Wikimedia Foundation Conference

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wikimania 2006 2006 the 2Nd International Wikimedia Foundation Conference WikimaniaWikimania 2006 2006 The 2nd International Wikimedia Foundation Conference Cambridge, Massachussetts, USA August 4-6, 2006 http://wikimania2006.wikimedia.org/ To our Sponsors: Thank you! Patrons: Benefactors: Friends: TM Supporters: | 2 | Wikimania ‘06 Welcome Conference Welcome Welcome to the second an- lawyers, technologists), and we nual international Wikimedia hope that this diversity will help conference! The Wikimedia each of you to consider free Foundation is excited to host knowledge, open information, the conference -- and proud and collaborative peer produc- that it is now officially an annual tion in all of their forms. event! The past year has been One thing worth emphasiz- an exciting one for the Founda- ing: this conference is not for tion, filled with challenges and spectators. Participate actively record growth across the proj- in discussions you go to; ask ects. Questions raised by these questions; leave comments on challenges and changes will be the conference wiki; give an well debated, and in some cases improptu lightning presenta- answered, during the conference. tion; share crazy ideas with your On behalf of the many fellow conferees. And have fun! people who have made Wikima- Whether it’s competing in the nia 2006 a reality, we are pleased world Calvinball championship to welcome Wikimaniacs to or debating whether consensus Cambridge, Massachusetts, and really scales, we want you to to Harvard University. We hope have a good time. Please talk to you enjoy your stay here. We a volunteer or information desk would like to extend a special staffer if you have questions or welcome to our international need help during the conference. Harvard: Langdell Hall attendees, who have come from Thanks to all of the amazing all over the world to join this volunteers and sponsors who gathering. Face to face gather- have helped realize this event; Contents ings, whatever form they take and especially to our hosts and — whether a handful of people contacts at the Berkman Center 3 Welcome and Contents meeting monthly over drinks, or for Internet and Society, the a large international conference MIT Media Lab, and the One 4 Credits such as this one — are vital to Laptop per Child association. 5 Local Info the strength of the community. And finally, thanks to the orga- We are also pleased to wel- nizers of Wikimania ‘05, who 7 Schedule come our distinguished speakers, made the idea of Wikimania ‘06 who represent fields from digital possible. 8 Invited Speakers archiving to copyright law, span- The Wikimania 2006 organizing 12 Abstracts ning the variety of topics that team the Wikimedia projects touch. 28 Presentation and Poster Index Wikimania has drawn in amazing people from other communities 30 Notes (editors, librarians, educators, 32 Harvard Law School Map Wikimania ‘06 | | Credits Wikimania 2006 organizing team Lead organizers Press Coordinators Samuel Klein, program & local coordination Samuel Klein, Wayne Saewyc Delphine Ménard, project management & logistics Sponsorships Registration & technical manager Danny Wool Austin Hair Design Hacking days coordinator Ryan Jenkins, Reid Offringa, Brett Stilwell, Ben Yates Ivan Krstic Banner and shirt production Program leads Delphine Me’nard Phoebe Ayers Samuel Klein Local coordination Jessica Baumgart Program committee Angela Beesley - Wikia, Inc. / Wikimedia Foundation Party organization Nicholas Boalch - University of Durham Kevin Driscoll, Adam Holt, Elizabeth Stark Andrea Forte - Georgia Institute of Technology David Moreno Garza - Debian project Berkman Center liaison Ivan Krstic - Harvard University Erica George Cormac Lawler - University of Manchester Joseph Reagle - New York University MIT Media Lab / OLPC liaison Dirk Riehle Benjamin Mako Hill Martin Roell Alex Schenck - University of Rhode Island Thank you to all our on- and off-site volunteers, our Jean-Baptiste Soufron - CERSA sponsors, and everyone who has helped out over the Alexander Wait - Harvard University last year to make this conference a success! Printed Program Special thanks to: The Berkman Center for Internet & Phoebe Ayers, content Society, Harvard Law School, the MIT Media Lab, the Ryan Jenkins, design One Laptop per Child association, the Open Society Institute, Schwartz PR, Walter Bender, Barry Vercoe, Proceedings coordinators Felice Gardner and Nia Lewis, Vera Franz, Eugene Kim, Phoebe Ayers Ross Mayfield, Brion VIBBER, the Eclipse Foundation, Nicholas Boalch John Palfrey and Colin Maclay. Andrea Forte Translation coordinators Contact us Kizu Naoko http://wikimania2006.wikimedia.org Sabine Cretella [email protected] | 4 | Wikimania ‘06 Local Info Conference location: station. This entrance has stairs only. Further down and The conference is located on the Harvard Law School across Massachusetts Avenue is the main entrance to campus, in Cambridge, Mass. On campus, the main the Harvard Square subway station and bus terminal. conference building is Pound Hall. Registration and An elevator and escalators are at this entrance. Harvard information are located here. The conference rooms are Square is about a half-mile from Harvard Law School. in Pound Hall and Austin Hall. Pound 100, 101, 102 and + To get to Harvard Law School from Harvard Square, 107 are on the first floor of Pound; Ropes Gray, John go north on Massachusetts Avenue as you go north. Chipman Gray, and Pound 200, 201 and 202 are on the The Law School is on the right. Several buildings along 2nd floor of Pound; and Pound 335 is on the 3rd floor. Massachusetts Avenue, however, do not belong to the Ames Courtroom is in Austin Hall, a short walk from Law School. Pound Hall is ahead on the right. Pound Hall. It is also possible to walk through the Harvard Law Lunch will be served in Ropes Gray daily. School yard and Harvard Yard to get to or from Harvard Dorms are located in the Gropius Complex nearby. Square. Use the Johnson Gate. Transportation: Busses: T (subway) stops: Several bus stops are along Massachusetts Avenue near The MBTA or T (Massachusetts Bay Transportation Harvard Law School going both toward Harvard Square Authority) runs the local public transportation system and toward Porter Square. Bus fare is 90 cents. Buses that includes the subways, commuter rail, buses and water require exact change, though many people give the driver taxis. The subway in Boston and Cambridge is called the $1 and receive no change. “T”. If you are trying to find a subway station, look for a big black letter T against a white background. Most Taxicabs: Cambridge stops, including Harvard Square, are on the There are several cab companies in the area, Red Line. Hours of operation are roughly 5:20 am to a including: little after midnight. Yellow Cab 617-547-3000 Harvard University is located on the subway’s Red Ambassador Brattle Cab 617-492-1100 Line at Harvard Square station. Pound Hall, the main Green Cab 617-623-6000 Wikimania venue, is located at 1563 Massachusetts Union Taxi 617-661-2500 Avenue, a few blocks north on Massachusetts Avenue US Shuttle 617-894-3100 from Harvard Square. Pound Hall is the large building on the right-hand (east) side of the street. Parking: MIT is located a modest walk from the Kendall/MIT Nearby parking is difficult to find and is primarily stop on the Red line. located at meters on Mass Ave. Another option is to The Red Line goes to or through many major points park at one of the MBTA park and ride garages and take in Cambridge and Boston. Subway fare is $1.25. Subway the subway from there. These often fill up on weekday stations have booths where you can get change. It is mornings but are generally available over the weekend easiest to have exact change available. and cost $5 per day. Directions: * To get to Harvard Square station from Harvard Law Local area: School, travel south along Massachusetts Avenue. Cross There are numerous stores and restaurants in the Massachusetts Ave to pass the Cambridge Common. Go Harvard Square area of Cambridge, including newsstands, a few more blocks. Just past the intersection with Church drugstores (chemists), office supply and hardware stores. Street is the first entrance to the Harvard Square subway There is a 24-hour Kinko’s (photocopies, printing, and Wikimania ‘06 | | shipping) at 1 Mifflin Place; phone (617) 497-0125, Fax: (617) 497-1334. See the conference wiki (http://wikimania2006. wikimedia.org/wiki/Information) for more. Emergencies: For medical and urgent emergencies, call “911” from any public pay phone or personal mobile phone to summon the police/fire department/ambulances. (Dial “9-911” from campus phones). The Harvard University Police emergency number is 1- 617-495-1212 (the non-emergency number is 1-617-495-1215). For non-immediate emergencies, please see an information desk volunteer or conference organizer in room 201. Attendees party: There will be a party for attendees on Saturday, Aug. 5th, from 7:30-11:30pm in the main gallery of the MIT museum, located on the MIT campus. This is located near the bars and pubs of Cambridge for those who want to stay out later. The theme: Web 1.0 (remember life circa 1998?) There will be be live music, a business plan judging contest (bring your best 1.0 elevator pitch!) and the attractions of the museum: robots, holograms and more. There will also be a cash bar for those 21 and older; please bring photo id. Getting there: From the museum’s website: (http://web.mit. edu/museum): “The main building of the MIT Museum is located at 265 Massachusetts Avenue near Central Square and the MIT Campus. “To get there by subway, take the Red Line to either Central Square Station or Kendall Square/ MIT Station—both are a short walk from the Museum. From Central Square (approximately 10 min.), walk down Mass. Ave. toward Boston and the main MIT campus. The Museum is on the left at Front St.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Copyrighted Material
    1 The Duality of Peer Production Infrastructure for the Digital Commons, Free Labor for Free‐Riding Firms Mathieu O’Neil, Sophie Toupin, and Christian Pentzold 1 Introduction There never was a “tragedy of the commons”: Garrett Hardin’s overgrazing farmers were victims of a tragedy of self‐management, as they failed to collectively regulate, as equals, their common pasture. When Elinor Ostrom was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2009, the immemorial notion that there are only two types of goods in the world – private and public, coordinated by markets or the state – was finally put to rest. In the most general terms, peer producers are people who create and manage common‐pool resources together. It sometimes seems as if “peer production” and “digital commons” can be used interchangeably. Digital commons are non‐rivalrous (they can be reproduced at little or no cost) and non‐excludable (no‐one can prevent others from using them, through prop- erty rights for example). So, practically speaking, proprietary objects could be produced by equal “peers,” however we argue that peer production has a normative dimension, so that what chiefly char- acterizes this mode of production is that “the output is orientated towards the further expansion of the commons; while the commons, recursively, is the chief resource in this mode of production” (Söderberg & O’Neil, 2014, p. 2). Though there are many historical antecedents, the term “peer pro- duction,” as an object of public and scientific interest, is historically situated in the early 2000s.1 The meanings associated with a term that is deeply connected to the Internet as it was 20 years ago are bound to change.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (PDF)
    CULTIVATING OPEN INFORMATION PLATFORMS: A LAND TRUST MODEL MOLLY SHAFFER VAN HOUWELING* INTRODUCTION James Boyle has led a recent call for intellectual property “environmentalism”—a movement to fend off perceived threats to the public interest posed by expansions in the scope and term of intellectual property protection.1 Inspired in part by Boyle’s message, a number of organizations have sprung up that aspire to expand and cultivate the body of intellectual works that are not subject to proprietary control.2 The Internet’s original development as a non-proprietary in- formation platform is another source of inspiration for this incip- ient movement.3 The Internet is built on a suite of protocols— * Assistant Professor of Law, University of Michigan Law School. Thanks to Kenneth Bamberger, Stefan Bechtold, Glenn Otis Brown, Julie Cohen, Bruce Damer, Rebecca Eisenberg, Edward Felten, Frank Hecker, Daphne Keller, Thom LeDoux, Mark Lemley, Lawrence Lessig, Douglas Lichtman, Ronald Mann, Thomas Nachbar, Maureen O’Rourke, Timothy Schoechle, Theodore Ts’o, Robert Van Houweling, and Jonathan Zittrain for comments. This essay was the basis for a presentation at the Silicon Flatirons Telecommunications Program Conference on Regulation of Information Platforms. Thanks to Philip Weiser for organizing the conference and to him and the other conference participants for their comments. 1. See, e.g., James Boyle, A Politics of Intellectual Property: Environmentalism for the Net?, 47 DUKE L.J. 87, 108-16 (1997); James Boyle, The Second Enclosure Movement and the Construction of the Public Domain, 39-43 (paper presented at the Duke conference on the Public Domain, Nov. 2001), discussion draft available at http://www.law.duke.edu/pd/papers/boyle.pdf; see also Seth Shulman, Intellectual- Property Ecology, TECHNOLOGY REVIEW, Mar.
    [Show full text]
  • Decentralization in Wikipedia Governance
    Decentralization in Wikipedia Governance Andrea Forte1, Vanessa Larco2 and Amy Bruckman1 1GVU Center, College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology {aforte, asb}@cc.gatech.edu 2Microsoft [email protected] This is a preprint version of the journal article: Forte, Andrea, Vanessa Larco and Amy Bruckman. (2009) Decentralization in Wikipedia Governance. Journal of Management Information Systems. 26(1) pp 49-72. Publisher: M.E. Sharp www.mesharpe.com/journals.asp Abstract How does “self-governance” happen in Wikipedia? Through in-depth interviews with twenty individuals who have held a variety of responsibilities in the English-language Wikipedia, we obtained rich descriptions of how various forces produce and regulate social structures on the site. Our analysis describes Wikipedia as an organization with highly refined policies, norms, and a technological architecture that supports organizational ideals of consensus building and discussion. We describe how governance on the site is becoming increasingly decentralized as the community grows and how this is predicted by theories of commons-based governance developed in offline contexts. We also briefly examine local governance structures called WikiProjects through the example of WikiProject Military History, one of the oldest and most prolific projects on the site. 1. The Mechanisms of Self-Organization Should a picture of a big, hairy tarantula appear in an encyclopedia article about arachnophobia? Does it illustrate the point, or just frighten potential readers? Reasonable people might disagree on this question. In a freely editable site like Wikipedia, anyone can add the photo, and someone else can remove it. And someone can add it back, and the process continues.
    [Show full text]
  • SFLC V Conservancy
    Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Electronic Filing System. http://estta.uspto.gov ESTTA Tracking number: ESTTA863914 Filing date: 12/11/2017 IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD Proceeding 92066968 Party Defendant Software Freedom Conservancy Correspondence PAMELA S CHESTECK Address CHESTEK LEGAL P O BOX 2492 RALEIGH, NC 27602 UNITED STATES Email: [email protected] Submission Motion for Summary Judgment Yes, the Filer previously made its initial disclosures pursuant to Trademark Rule 2.120(a); OR the motion for summary judgment is based on claim or issue pre- clusion, or lack of jurisdiction. The deadline for pretrial disclosures for the first testimony period as originally set or reset: 07/20/2018 Filer's Name Pamela S Chestek Filer's email [email protected] Signature /Pamela S Chestek/ Date 12/11/2017 Attachments Motion for SJ on affirmative defenses-signed.pdf(756280 bytes ) Kuhn-Declara- tion_summary-judgment_as-submitted_reduced-size-signed.pdf(2181238 bytes ) Sandler-declara- tion_summary-judgment_as-submitted-reduced-size-signed.pdf(1777273 bytes ) Chestek declaration_summary-judgment-signed-with-exhibits.pdf(2003142 bytes ) IN THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE BEFORE THE TRADEMARK TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD In the Mater of Registraion No. 4212971 Mark: SOFTWARE FREEDOM CONSERVANCY Registraion date: September 25, 2012 Sotware Freedom Law Center Peiioner, v. Cancellaion No. 92066968 Sotware Freedom Conservancy Registrant. RESPONDENT’S MOTION FOR SUMMARY JUDGMENT ON ITS AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSES Introducion The Peiioner, Sotware Freedom Law Center (“SFLC”), is a provider of legal services. It had the idea to create an independent enity that would ofer inancial and administraive services for free and open source sotware projects.
    [Show full text]
  • Anarchism Triumphant: Free Software and the Death of Copyright
    Anarchism Triumphant: Free Software and the Death of Copyright Eben Moglen£ May 17, 1999 I Software as Property: The Theoretical Paradox SOFTWARE: no other word so thoroughly connotes the practical and social effects of the digital revolution. Originally, the term was purely tech- nical, and denoted the parts of a computer system that, unlike “hardware,” which was unchangeably manufactured in system electronics, could be al- tered freely. The first software amounted to the plug configuration of ca- bles or switches on the outside panels of an electronic device, but as soonas linguistic means of altering computer behavior had been developed, “soft- ware” mostly denoted the expressions in more or less human-readable lan- guage that both described and controlled machine behavior.1 £ Professor of Law & Legal History, Columbia Law School. Prepared for delivery at the Buchmann International Conference on Law, Technology and Information, at Tel Aviv Uni- versity, May 1999; my thanks to the organizers for their kind invitation. I owe much as always to Pamela Karlan for her insight and encouragement. Thanks are due to Jerome Saltzer, Richard Stallman, and numerous others who freely contributed corrections and im- povements to this paper. I especially wish to thank the programmers throughout the world who made free software possible. 1The distinction was only approximate in its original context. By the late 1960s cer- tain portions of the basic operation of hardware were controlled by programs digitally en- coded in the electronics of computer equipment, not subject to change after the units left the factory. Such symbolic but unmodifiable components were known in the trade as “mi- crocode,” but it became conventional to refer to them as “firmware.” Softness, the term “firmware” demonstrated, referred primarily to users’ ability to alter symbols determining machine behavior.
    [Show full text]
  • Coase's Penguin, Or, Linux and the Nature of the Firm
    Coase’s Penguin, or, Linux and The Nature of the Firm Yochai Benkler* Abstract For decades our common understanding of the organization of economic production has been that individuals order their productive activities in one of two ways: either as employees in firms, following the directions of managers, or as individuals in markets, following price signals. This dichotomy was first identified in the early work of Ronald Coase and was developed most explicitly in the work of institutional economist Oliver Williamson. In this paper I explain why we are beginning to see the emergence of a new, third mode of production, in the digitally networked environment, a mode I call commons-based peer production. In the past three or four years, public attention has focused on a fifteen-year- old social-economic phenomenon in the software development world. This phenomenon, called free software or open source software, involves thousands or even tens of thousands of programmers contributing to large and small scale projects, where the central organizing principle is that the software remains free of most constraints on copying and use common to proprietary materials. No one “owns” the software in the traditional sense of being able to command how it is used or developed, or to control its disposition. The result has been the emergence of a vibrant, innovative and productive collaboration, whose participants are not organized in firms and do not choose their projects in response to price signals. This paper explains that while free software is highly visible, it is in fact only one example of a much broader social-economic phenomenon.
    [Show full text]
  • Book Review – Yochai Benkler, the Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom
    CLPE Research Paper 6/2007 Vol. 03 No. 02 (2007) James Brink Book Review – Yochai Benkler, The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom Keywords: networked economy, internet regulation, peer production JEL Classification: K10, K29, K42 Osgoode Hall Law School, York University 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3 Email: [email protected] Published in (2006) 7 German Law Journal 853, online: http://www.germanlawjournal.com/article.php?id=765. 967505 CLPE Research Paper 6/2007 Vol. 03 No. 02 (2007) James Brink BOOK REVIEW – YOCHAI BENKLER, THE WEALTH OF NETWORKS: HOW SOCIAL PRODUCTION TRANSFORMS MARKETS AND FREEDOM Benkler argues that the West is engaged in an escalating culture war between the industrial information economy—a one-way, capital- intensive, and professionally-produced model that has held sway for 150 years—and the networked information economy (NIE)—a many- to-many, low-capital, and cooperative model that has been emerging in the last 15 years. The NIE is built on the infrastructure of the internet and is characterized by characterized by (1) non-proprietary strategies, (2) rising non-market production, and (3) more effective, large-scale cooperative efforts; in other words, “peer production of information, knowledge, and culture.” These aspects challenge our economies and our polities, and hold significant promise for enhancing personal autonomy; however, Benkler, in writing what amounts to a manifesto for the internet, pays little attention to the way in which the NIE is vulnerable to technical capture in the same way the industrial information economy is vulnerable to capital capture, taking a “wait-and-see” approach to regulatory intervention.
    [Show full text]
  • Wikimania 2006 Invited Speaker Biographies
    Wikimania 2006 Invited Speaker has been a forceful advocate for open science and open access scientific publishing - the free release of the Biographies material and intellectual product of the scientific research. He is co-Founder of Public Library of Science Yochai Benkler is Professor of Law at Yale Law (PLoS). He serves on the PLoS board, and is an advisor School. His research focuses on commons-based to Science Commons. approaches to managing resources in networked environments. His publications include “The Wealth of Rishab Aiyer Ghosh first developed and sold free Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets” and software in 1994. He switched from writing in C and “Freedom and Coase’s Penguin, or Linux and the Nature of the assembly to English, and has been writing about the Firm”. economics of free software and collaborative production since 1994. He is the Founding Karen Christensen is the CEO of Berkshire International and Managing Editor of First Monday, the Publishing group, a reference work publisher known for most widely read peer-reviewed on-line journal of the specialty encyclopedias. Her primary responsibility is Internet, and Senior Researcher at the Maastricht bringing together global teams and building Economic Research Institute on Innovation and relationships with experts and organizations around the Technology (MERIT) at the University of Maastricht world. Karen has also served as an encyclopedia editor; and United Nations University, the Netherlands. In as coeditor on the “Berkshire Encyclopedia of World Sport” 2000 he coordinated the European Union -funded (June 2005) and “Global Perspectives on the United States” FLOSS project, the most comprehensive early study of (three volumes, forthcoming), and as senior editor of free/libre/open source users and developers.
    [Show full text]
  • Peer Production of Survivable Infrastructures
    Peer Production of Survivable Critical Infrastructures The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Yochai Benkler, Peer Production of Survivable Critical Infrastructures, in The Law and Economics of Cybersecurity 73 (Mark F. Grady & Francesco Parisi eds., 2005). Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:37078634 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © Yochai Benkler 2004. This version of the work is released under the creative commons noncommercial attribution license. To view a copy of the license visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/1.0 or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA. Peer Production of Survivable Critical Infrastructures Yochai Benkler* Abstract The paper describes an approach to provisioning survivable critical communications and computation infrastructures by deploying radically distributed, peer-based systems for communication, computation, and data storage and retrieval. The paper focuses on system survivability as an approach to robustness, rather than on artifact-oriented hardness or impregnability. Based on a survey of experience with ad hoc wireless mesh networks, peer-to-peer storage and retrieval systems, and distributed computing, the paper identifies a class of solutions that mobilize redundant capacity resident in privately owned, extant unlicensed wireless devices, desktops, laptops, and handhelds around the periphery of the network to provide redundant, adaptive, self-healing systems.
    [Show full text]
  • The Culture of Wikipedia
    Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia Good Faith Collaboration The Culture of Wikipedia Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. Foreword by Lawrence Lessig The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA. Web edition, Copyright © 2011 by Joseph Michael Reagle Jr. CC-NC-SA 3.0 Purchase at Amazon.com | Barnes and Noble | IndieBound | MIT Press Wikipedia's style of collaborative production has been lauded, lambasted, and satirized. Despite unease over its implications for the character (and quality) of knowledge, Wikipedia has brought us closer than ever to a realization of the centuries-old Author Bio & Research Blog pursuit of a universal encyclopedia. Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia is a rich ethnographic portrayal of Wikipedia's historical roots, collaborative culture, and much debated legacy. Foreword Preface to the Web Edition Praise for Good Faith Collaboration Preface Extended Table of Contents "Reagle offers a compelling case that Wikipedia's most fascinating and unprecedented aspect isn't the encyclopedia itself — rather, it's the collaborative culture that underpins it: brawling, self-reflexive, funny, serious, and full-tilt committed to the 1. Nazis and Norms project, even if it means setting aside personal differences. Reagle's position as a scholar and a member of the community 2. The Pursuit of the Universal makes him uniquely situated to describe this culture." —Cory Doctorow , Boing Boing Encyclopedia "Reagle provides ample data regarding the everyday practices and cultural norms of the community which collaborates to 3. Good Faith Collaboration produce Wikipedia. His rich research and nuanced appreciation of the complexities of cultural digital media research are 4. The Puzzle of Openness well presented.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2020 Xiaoman Pan CROSS-LINGUAL ENTITY EXTRACTION and LINKING for 300 LANGUAGES
    © 2020 Xiaoman Pan CROSS-LINGUAL ENTITY EXTRACTION AND LINKING FOR 300 LANGUAGES BY XIAOMAN PAN DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2020 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Dr. Heng Ji, Chair Dr. Jiawei Han Dr. Hanghang Tong Dr. Kevin Knight ABSTRACT Information provided in languages which people can understand saves lives in crises. For example, language barrier was one of the main difficulties faced by humanitarian workers responding to the Ebola crisis in 2014. We propose to break language barriers by extracting information (e.g., entities) from a massive variety of languages and ground the information into an existing Knowledge Base (KB) which is accessible to a user in their own language (e.g., a reporter from the World Health Organization who speaks English only). The ambitious goal of this thesis is to develop a Cross-lingual Entity Extraction and Linking framework for 1,000 fine-grained entity types and 300 languages that exist in Wikipedia. Given a document in any of these languages, our framework is able to identify entity name mentions, assign a fine-grained type to each mention, and link it to an English KB if it is linkable. Traditional entity linking methods rely on costly human annotated data to train supervised learning-to-rank models to select the best candidate entity for each mention. In contrast, we propose a novel unsupervised represent-and-compare approach that can accurately capture the semantic meaning representation of each mention, and directly compare its representation with the representation of each candidate entity in the target KB.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report
    [Credits] Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution license (CC BY 4.0). All text by John Hsieh and Georgia Young, except the Letter from the Executive Director, which is by John Sullivan. Images (name, license, and page location): Wouter Velhelst: cover image; Kori Feener, CC BY-SA 4.0: inside front cover, 2-4, 8, 14-15, 20-21, 23-25, 27-29, 32-33, 36, 40-41; Michele Kowal: 5; Anonymous, CC BY 3.0: 7, 16, 17; Ruben Rodriguez, CC BY-SA 4.0: 10, 13, 34-35; Anonymous, All rights reserved: 16 (top left); Pablo Marinero & Cecilia e. Camero, CC BY 3.0: 17; Free This report highlights activities Software Foundation, CC BY-SA 4.0: 18-19; Tracey Hughes, CC BY-SA 4.0: 30; Jose Cleto Hernandez Munoz, CC BY-SA 3.0: 31, Pixabay/stevepb, CC0: 37. and detailed financials for Fiscal Year 2016 Fonts: Letter Gothic by Roger Roberson; Orator by John Scheppler; Oswald by (October 1, 2015 - September 30, 2016) Vernon Adams, under the OFL; Seravek by Eric Olson; Jura by Daniel Johnson. Created using Inkscape, GIMP, and PDFsam. Designer: Tammy from Creative Joe. 1] LETTER FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR 2] OUR MISSION 3] TECH 4] CAMPAIGNS 5] LIBREPLANET 2016 6] LICENSING & COMPLIANCE 7] CONFERENCES & EVENTS 7 8] LEADERSHIP & STAFF [CONTENTS] 9] FINANCIALS 9 10] OUR DONORS CONTENTS our most important [1] measure of success is support for the ideals of LETTER FROM free software... THE EXECUTIVE we have momentum DIRECTOR on our side. LETTER FROM THE 2016 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DEAR SUPPORTERS For almost 32 years, the FSF has inspired people around the Charity Navigator gave the FSF its highest rating — four stars — world to be passionate about computer user freedom as an ethical with an overall score of 99.57/100 and a perfect 100 in the issue, and provided vital tools to make the world a better place.
    [Show full text]