THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/10892 SHARE Atlantic Salmon in Maine DETAILS 304 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-09135-0 | DOI 10.17226/10892 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Committee on Atlantic Salmon in Maine; Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology; Ocean Studies Board; Division on Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council FIND RELATED TITLES Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Atlantic Salmon in Maine Committee on Atlantic Salmon in Maine Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology Ocean Studies Board Division on Earth and Life Studies Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Atlantic Salmon in Maine THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported by Grant No. 01-0008 between the National Academy of Sci- ences and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the organizations or agencies that provided support for this project. International Standard Book Number 0-309-09135-7 (book) International Standard Book Number 0-309-52977-8 (PDF) Library of Congress Control Number 2004110692 Cover design: The National Academies Press. The image is of a hen salmon from the Penobscot River painted by Walter H. Rich and is reprinted with permission of the Museum of Science, Boston, from Kendall, W.C., The Fishes of New England: The Salmons, 1935. Additional copies of this report are available from: The National Academies Press 500 Fifth Street, NW Box 285 Washington, DC 20055 800-624-6242 202-334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area) http://www.nap.edu Copyright 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. 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Atlantic Salmon in Maine COMMITTEE ON ATLANTIC SALMON IN MAINE Members MICHAEL T. CLEGG (Chair), University of California, Riverside PAUL K. BARTEN, University of Massachusetts, Amherst IAN A. FLEMING, Oregon State University, Corvallis MART R. GROSS, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario LEWIS S. INCZE, University of Southern Maine, Portland ANNE R. KAPUSCINSKI, University of Minnesota, St. Paul PATRICK Y. O’BRIEN, ChevronTexaco Energy Technology Company, Richmond, CA BARBARA NEIS, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland NILS RYMAN, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden PETER E. SMOUSE, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ JENNIFER L. SPECKER, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett ROBERT R. STICKNEY, Texas A & M University, College Station JON G. SUTINEN, University of Rhode Island, Kingston Staff DAVID POLICANSKY, Project Director SUSAN ROBERTS, Director, Ocean Studies Board RUTH E. CROSSGROVE, Senior Editor MIRSADA KARALIC-LONCAREVIC, Research Associate LEAH L. PROBST, Research Associate JENNIFER SAUNDERS, Research Associate BRYAN SHIPLEY, Research Associate JOHN BROWN, Senior Program Assistant SAMMY BARDLEY, Library Assistant Sponsor NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE FOUNDATION v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Atlantic Salmon in Maine BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY Members JONATHAN M. SAMET (Chair), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD DAVID ALLEN, University of Texas, Austin THOMAS BURKE, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD JUDITH C. CHOW, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV COSTEL D. DENSON, University of Delaware, Newark E. DONALD ELLIOTT, Willkie, Farr & Gallagher, LLP, Washington, DC CHRISTOPHER B. FIELD, Carnegie Institute of Washington, Stanford, CA WILLIAM H. GLAZE, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton SHERRI W. GOODMAN, Center for Naval Analyses, Alexandria, VA DANIEL S. GREENBAUM, Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, MA ROGENE HENDERSON, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM CAROL HENRY, American Chemistry Council, Arlington, VA ROBERT HUGGETT, Michigan State University, East Lansing BARRY L. JOHNSON, Emory University, Atlanta, GA JAMES H. JOHNSON, Howard University, Washington, DC JUDITH L. MEYER, University of Georgia, Athens PATRICK Y. O’BRIEN, ChevronTexaco Energy Technology Company, Richmond, CA DOROTHY E. PATTON, International Life Sciences Institute, Washington, DC STEWARD T.A. PICKETT, Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY ARMISTEAD G. RUSSELL, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta LOUISE M. RYAN, Harvard University, Boston, MA KIRK SMITH, University of California, Berkeley LISA SPEER, Natural Resources Defense Council, New York, NY G. DAVID TILMAN, University of Minnesota, St. Paul CHRIS G. WHIPPLE, Environ Incorporated, Emeryville, CA LAUREN A. ZEISE, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA Senior Staff JAMES J. REISA, Director DAVID J. POLICANSKY, Scholar vi Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Atlantic Salmon in Maine RAYMOND A. WASSEL, Senior Program Officer for Environmental Sciences and Engineering KULBIR BAKSHI, Senior Program Officer for Toxicology ROBERTA M. WEDGE, Senior Program Officer for Risk Analysis K. JOHN HOLMES, Senior Program Officer SUSAN N.J. MARTEL, Senior Program Officer SUZANNE VAN DRUNICK, Senior Program Officer EILEEN N. ABT, Senior Program Officer ELLEN K. MANTUS, Senior Program Officer RUTH E. CROSSGROVE, Senior Editor vii Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Atlantic Salmon in Maine OCEAN STUDIES BOARD Members NANCY RABALAIS (Chair), Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, Chauvin LEE G. ANDERSON, University of Delaware, Newark WHITLOW AU, University of Hawaii, Manoa ARTHUR BAGGEROER, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge RICHARD B. DERISO, Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, La Jolla, CA ROBERT B. DITTON, Texas A&M University, College Station EARL DOYLE, Shell Oil (retired), Sugar Land, TX ROBERT DUCE, Texas A&M University, College