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Expert Paper Nurses Responsibility Expert Report on the Responsibility of Nursing Expert Group of the Swiss Association for Nursing Science (ANS) Prof. Maria Müller Staub (PhD, EdN, RN, FEANS) Judith Abt (MNS, RN) Andrea Brenner (Dr. phil., RN) Brigitte Hofer (MA phil., RN) Table of content Preface and Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................................... Summary ................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Recommendations for Legislation ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Historical Aspects and Definitions of Nursing ........................................................................................................ 3 Nursing as a Profession .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Tasks, Competencies and Responsibilities of Nursing ........................................................................................ 7 Independent Nursing Tasks ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Nursing tasks on medical prescription ....................................................................................................................... 8 Interdisciplinary nursing tasks ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Interim Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................. 8 The Nursing Process: Core of Independent Responsibilities ................................................ 9 Working as Relationship-building, Caring, Communication and Moral Sensitivity .............................. 9 The Steps of the Nursing Process ............................................................................................................................... 11 Assessment ............................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Nursing Diagnoses ............................................................................................................................................................. 11 Outcome Planning ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Implementation of Nursing Interventions .............................................................................................................. 12 Evaluation ............................................................................................................................................................................. 13 Interim Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 13 The Body of Nursing Knowledge ....................................................................................... 13 International Classification of Nursing Diagnoses .............................................................................................. 15 Origins ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 Definition of Nursing Diagnoses .................................................................................................................................. 15 Structure of the Classification ...................................................................................................................................... 15 Classification of Nursing Interventions ................................................................................................................... 17 Origins ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 Definition of Nursing Intervention ............................................................................................................................. 17 Structure of the Classification ...................................................................................................................................... 18 Studies on the Classification of Nursing Interventions ...................................................................................... 19 Classification of Nursing Outcomes ........................................................................................................................... 19 Genesis .................................................................................................................................................................................... 19 Definition of Nursing Outcomes ................................................................................................................................... 20 Illustration ............................................................................................................................................................................ 20 Studies on the Classification of Nursing Outcomes ............................................................................................. 21 Proof of Efficacy, Nursing Process Quality and Documentation ................................................................... 21 Interim Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................... 22 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Recommendations for Legislation ..................................................................................... 23 Literature .............................................................................................................................................................................. 24 Annex 1: Definition of Different Types of Nursing Diagnoses and Structure of Classification ........ 33 Annex 2: Studies on the Classification of Nursing Diagnoses ........................................................................ 34 Annex 3: Studies on the Classification of Nursing Interventions ................................................................. 36 Annex 4: Studies on the Classification of Nursing Outcomes ......................................................................... 38 Preface and Acknowledgements The board of the Swiss Association for Nursing Science (ANS) would like to thank the authors for their dedication and commitment to compiling this expert report. The authors would like to thank PD Dr. René Schwendimann from the Institute for Nursing Science of Basel University, and mem- ber of the Academic Association for Gerontological Nursing of the ANS for his critical review of the manuscript. The authors also thank the ANS board for the multiple reviews, feedbacks and sup- port of the final version: Annie Oulevay-Bachmann (PhD), Gabrielle SantosFontannaz (MNS), Mag. Günter Gantschnig, Luzia Herrmann, Prof. Lorenz Imhof (PhD), Peter Ullmann (MSc), and Nicole Zigan (MNS). After having been consulted and required changes made, the ANS-board approved the expert re- port. The board recommends it to circles of nursing professionals for discussion and to be consid- ered for further work under the parliamentary initiative for the recognition of nursing responsibili- ties. We would like to express special appreciation to the directorate of the Federal Office of Health, Federal Department of Home Affairs, for their generous subsidy, which has allowed for the compi- lation, translation and distribution of this expert report. Sincere thanks are addressed to the mem- bers of ANS Marianne Wälti and Gabrielle Santos-Fontannaz for their remarkable effort to review the French version. Swiss Association for Nursing Science ANS Salvisbergstrasse 6 3006 Bern [email protected] Print: Schwabe AG, Muttenz Citation: Müller-Staub, M., Abt., J., Brenner, A., & Hofer, B. (2015). Expert Report on the Responsibility of Nursing. Bern: Swiss Association for Nursing Science ANS. Summary This expert report describes the independent responsibilities of nursing against the background of the parliamentary initiative “Legal Recognition of Nursing Responsibilities.” According to its focus on the promotion of nursing science, the ANS has based this report on the current state of the inter- national literature. The outcomes of the report can be summarized as follows: • The core business of professional nursing is to assume responsibility for the nursing process. Currently tertiary level educated registered
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