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Hale Boggs: a Southern Spokesman for the Democratic Party. Dorothy Nelson Kirn Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College

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Hale Boggs: a Southern Spokesman for the Democratic Party. Dorothy Nelson Kirn Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1980 Hale Boggs: a Southern Spokesman for the Democratic Party. Dorothy Nelson Kirn Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Kirn, Dorothy Nelson, "Hale Boggs: a Southern Spokesman for the Democratic Party." (1980). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3491. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3491 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 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Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning** the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. Requests can be made to our Dissertations Customer Services Department. 5. Some pages in any document may have indistinct print. In all cases we have filmed the best available copy. University Mkrdrilms International 300 N. ZEEB ROAD, ANN ARBOR, Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW, LONDON WC1R 4EJ, ENGLAND 8021753 KIRN, DOROTHY NELSON HALE BOGGS: A SOUTHERN SPOKESMAN FOR THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col. PH.D. 1980 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106 18 Bedford Row, London WC1R 4EJ, England HALE BOGGS* A SOUTHERN SPOKESMAN FOR THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and A gricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Speech Dorothy Nelson Kirn B.A'i Louisiana College, 1968 M.A., Louisiana State University,1973 May 1980 TABLE OF CONTENTS A bstract Chapter I INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................... 1-8 Chapter I I SOUTHERNERS IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY, 1962-1972 .................. 9-28 Chapter III HALE BOGGS* LIFE AND CAREER .........................................................29-51 Chapter IV THREE SPEECHES DURING THE KENNEDY ADMINISTRATION. .52-104 Chapter V TWO CIVIL RIGHTS SPEECHES DURING THE JOHNSON ADMINISTRATION ....................................................................................................................105-133 Chapter VI THREE GOOD GOVERNMENT SPEECHES DURING THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION ................................................................................................................... 134-158 Chapter VII CONCLUSION...............................................................................................159-162 Bibliography ii ABSTRACT Hale Boggs, United States Representative from the Second Congressional D istrict of Louisiana, served most of his years in Congress as aprt of the Democratic leadership, eventually hecoming majority leader. He was often called on to speak on behalf of Democratic policies and proposals. At the same time, he was one of the most influential, and powerful southerners in the House. This study deals with Boggs' attempts to bring about reconcilia­ tion and compromise between southern Democrats and other Democrats in the House of Representatives, and to bring about reconciliation and compromise between Democrats and Republicans in the House. Eight speeches axe studied which provide evidence of Boggs' efforts to assume these roles on the floor of the House. Many of the ideas which motivated him are expressed as central themes in the speeches dealt with. Analysis of the speeches centers on the situation in which they were delivered. Characteristics such as the nature of the speech (organization, themes, supporting material, etc.) and the use of language in the speech are viewed in context of the specific speech occasion. This analysis produced several conclusions. First Boggs really did serve as reconciler and compromiser in many instances. He was in tune with the mood and make-up of the i l l House, and. was able to find common chords among members of disparate groups. Second, Boggs' attempt to develop the image of reconciler and compromiser was at least partly fostered by personal ambition. Third, Boggs was especially adept at using a speech which appeared to be for a particular purpose as a vehicle for achieving another, less explicit purpose. Fourth, Boggs' speeches axe especially useful as examples of attitudes and ideas which reflect the political and social times in which they occurred. Boggs appears to have seen his Involvement with the national Democratic party always as uniquely southern, and his view of southern politics always as uniquely Democratic. He was not willing to give up his southemess or his national perspective. Essentially, this study reveals how Boggs used these attitudes in speeches to Influence fellow congressmen in the House of Representatives. iv Chapter I INTRODUCTION Hale Boggs, United States Representative from the Second D istrict of Louisiana, considered himself both a southerner and a national Democrat during a period when southern Democrats and national Democrats were parts of opposing congressional factions. One of the principal roles which he envisioned for himself was that of a man who could reconcile southern conservatism with national liberalism in the Democratic party and who could foster compromises not only between Democratic factions, but between Republicans and Democrats in the House. Another ro le which Boggs envisioned fro h im self was th a t o f spokesman for his party. Members of his family, his staff, and his biographers have all mentioned his frequent speeches. In 1962 The New York Times alluded to this role in a feature story, observing that "when Hale takes the floor, there's always order in the House. 1,2 It is the combination of these two roles—reconciler or compromiser, and public speaker—which forms the focus of this study. 1 Personal interview with Gary Hymel, Washington, D.G., 26 April 1977. 2 The New York Times. 21 Jan. 1962, p. 48. Statement of the Problem Entitled. "Hale Boggs i A Southern Spokesman for the Democratic Party," this study examines several speeches delivered on the floor o f the House between 1962 and 1972 as an attempt to understand how Boggs used congressional speeches as tools to accomplish reconcilia­ tion and compromise. Boggs was bom and raised In the South and spent almost his entire adult life as the representative of a deep South congressional district. His ties to the region were strong. Perhaps equally strong were Boggs' ties with the Democratic party. Boggs was introduced into the party leadership in the House Sam Rayburn pushed for the creation of the post of deputy majority whip for Boggs in 1953* Prom that time on he was committed to the Democratic party on a national as well as a regional or local level. His ties with the national Democratic party would not be unusual had they not spanned an era of regional strife and division within the party. A coalition of southern Democrats and Republicans routinely opposed the policies and legislative proposals of national Democrats. It was difficult to align oneself as both a southerner and a national Democrat. This regional division is especially significant within the time frame dealt with in this study. The sixties and early seventies are often referred to as "the second Reconstruction. "3 These years were the years of prolific and influential civil rights legislation, 3 Samuel DuBois Gook, " P o litic a l Movements and O rganizations" in The American South in the 1960's, ed., Avery Leiserson (New York i Praiger, 19&) $ P* 132. 3 but they also brought votes on other Issues which had traditionally divided the South from the rest of the nation. Boggs faced the problem not only of bringing together disparate factions of the Democratic
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