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34

BAND RECOVERY AND HARVEST DATA SUGGEST ADDITIONAL samples of watertou 1 L -: primary pulpose of the PC S BLACK RECORDS FROM TEXAS AMERICAN on , sex. and 3'-a : - waterfowl harvest. Th-' William P. Johnsonl'3 and Pamela R. Garrettson2 monitor populations. 3', , -

set re-gulaticil' " lTexas Parks andWildlife Department, P.O. Box 659, Canyon, TX 79015 USA dynamics (e.-s.. He'lr'; 2U.5. Fish andWildlife Service, Division of Migratory Management, Population and Anderson 200 1 . Kerrn -':- . Assessment, 11510 American Holly Drive, Laurel, MD 20708 USA - 2009). Hunters in th; . submit, via posta-qe-P.r:: :: Parts Collection ABSTRACT.-We reviewed band recovery data and Cooperative Waterfowl USFWS, one u ing .: - (PCS) data for records of American Black ( rubripes) shot in Texas. The PCS Survey during the waterfor', X :*::- is an annual U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) survey of waterfowl harvest composition a random sample of hunters. Between l9l4 md2009, 43 banded that relies on duck wings from on where the hunter 1i"-:' : Texas; 74Vo of these recoveries involved American American Black Ducks were recovered in to one of four "rr, ingt":;' range. Between the l97V7l waterfowl hunting season Black Ducks banded within their breeding waterfowl hunters sub:---: : American Black Ducks were submitted to and the 2008-2009 season, wings of 35 Texas harvested Flyway Win-ebee. Hu::r were associated with the Coastal Prairies. the PCS. For both data sets, over 50Vo ofrecords harvest countY. and h.:-- . envelope prior to mi--::-. American Black Ducks (Anas rubripes) are rare in METHODS wingbee sites, thel are ' I banding and band Texas. The Texas Bird Records Committee (TBRC) We searched data on waterfowl Data collected durir:g 'i' recognizes only eight records since 1950 (Lockwood recovery locations held by the U.S. Geological sex, and age (hatch \ r;r - l and Freeman 2004). Seyffert (2001) reviewed 10 Survey's Bird Banding Laboratory (BBL). A11 but wing (Raftovich et ai. I I r potential occurrences from the Texas Panhandle for the most recent data are available in a publicly- Staff (primarill r', r-:-,:: accessible database located online (U.S. Geological the period 1934-1994. These included a duck federal and state ' u- L' : l captured and banded in Moore County and one taken Survey 2009). We first queried the data for wingbees, which are - : - by a hunter in Hemphill County. 'American Black Ducks" banded "anywhere" arrd most waterforn-l hu::-:. American Black Ducks are a TBRC review species recovered in "Texas" during "any year." To Biologists are sePr:i:: : (Lockwood and Freeman 2004)., meaning potential minimize chances of including other species people), and each S:rc;: ' records will likely require firm documentation (e.9., mistakenly identified as American Black Ducks checkers have recei'- :: :: photograph or specimen). They are similar in when banded, we further filtered the data for ducks confirming their ab'il::-" :.

appearance to both Mottled Ducks (A. fulvigula) banded in the primary breeding range. We assumed age, and sex. Biologis:' -- , banders highly familiar with American Black Ducks and Mexican Ducks (A. platyrhynchos diazi), two wings methodicalll. - - Texas residents (Bellrose 1980, Lockwood and are less likely to band a similar species or information and reCttrrJ-L i by mistake. However, some records excluded in this Freeman 2004). Seyffert (2001) noted Mottled used to determine sp'e;:; . " Ducks are encountered with a greater frequency in second query included American Black Ducks color patterns. size. tre".::= regions north of their traditional range and banded in South Dakota and Saskatchewan, which wing size (Carnel lla-:. American are within the postbreeding dispersal range (late cautioned they could be mistaken for then passed to the gr -- -; ' Black Ducks. Similarly, Fedynich and Rhodes summer and early fall) of American Black Ducks recorded by biologi':' (1995) documented several "dark" ducks in the (Wright 1954). Banders working in these areas unusual win-E tor e :i"-: High Plains that resembled hybrid (4. regularly capture and band American Black Ducks; American Black Duci- -- : platyrhynchos) x Mottled Ducks, hybrid Mallard x moreover, many banders working in this region are be checked a thiri :-: : American Black Ducks, or Mexican Ducks. Thus, trained waterfowl biologists and are familiar with checkers regularlr ;1":1 caution is warranted relative to potential American American Black Ducks. We also queried the same These individuals r -: ' : Black Duck sightings. Even so, we suspect American data set for hybrid "Mallard x American Black identifying wings of .-- ':', Black Ducks are more common in Texas than Ducks" banded "anywhere" and recovered in the U.S. 'oTexas" "any year." acknowledged sighting records suggest. To during Mottled Ducks r.:- - - Data the PCS were reviewed for American investigate this proposition, we examined band from Central, MississlP;: - Texas. This recovery data and PCS data for potential records Black Ducks wings submitted from Wingbees and is il'i'-- - - : from Texas. dataset is derived from an annual survey of random American Black Du;r-'

differences in ri irrg ::- -

-'E-mail : Bill_Johnson@ fws. gov

Bull. Teras Ornith. Soc. 43(1-2): 2010 OrcZ:(Z-Dw'cos 'qtluro sexoJ 'IIng Io sv 'errrerd pueplcBlg pue I{suuBABS {uo lsod $lcnq )cBIg ueclreruy Jo s8ur16 '(1 '8tg) serceds oql uI JeI{}o eql pue elrlsrd IBtsBoJ eq} UI pere^oceJ o^u eseql Jo ,(Soloqdrou Surzn uI secuoJeJJlp sBA\ peJe^oceJ eJeA\ sprrqr(q JBelc eJB eJerll 'rele,/!\o11 '$lJnc ueclJeruv euo'sexeJ ur {cBIg LUopuBJ 3:o ,(a.uns ':-- * *:- pepueq o1 ecuurueddu ur rulltuls sr puu seeq8url6 {cnc >lcBlg uBclreluv x prellBl I o^\J lsotu slqJ 's?xeI luoii : ; -- 'elqslreAs ,(ezn,(1g JrluBIlV pue 'tddtsstsslhtr '1er1ue3 u€cIJeuIV JOJ p3 1-.;: '..:- ;. lou sr uorlecol .(renocer cryrceds eql lnq'sexel le poJelunocue ,(poururoc ete qcnc pelllohtr 'Q '3ll) 's'n eql ur pere^ocer ere./y\ sreqlo o^[ k) suIBId uI peJeAoJsJ F-- ;-: yo qBtH pue'(Z) suleld 8urlog '(7) neetuld spre^\pg ur petse^rur{ $lonp Jo ser3eds 1e s8urzn Bur,fuuepr >lcel8 uBJIJeLuY i- : -'- eseqJ '(E) spoozn(euld'(S) selrlerd puuPlrelg pue ecuerredxe elrsueJxe eABq slBnplnlpul etues eqt par:an: ,: '-' i ,1 'seeq8urzlr ,(peln8er sre>loel{c qBuuB^BS )BO lsod '(9I) serrterd IetseoJ eqt ur rnoJ IIU Surpuepe qll^\ JeIIIIUEJ 3-F ; -- peJJncJo serJeloceJ sexeJ 'e8uer Surpeerq JIoI{} uI o^u ]sBel w Jo euo ,(q erufl prllD e pe>lceqc eq eru uot8eJ SIql u: :- r-'{n plno^\ eID q uucrreruv pepueq $lJnc {3BIg ueclroluy ,(po SuueprsuoJ Ie4ueJ {cnc {celg lqcnq IJEIS utrr:-::.--- : '(OOOZ "(ezn,(1g Sutm 'lB te eroc8uoT) e8uer Surpeerq ue se r.lons 'eeq8utzn Julnclued e ro; Iensnun sueJu eseql ut i ..--n- " ueclreruY uv 'pe>lceqo elqnop ueql st slsrSololq ,(q peprocer rreql ulqll1!\ pepueq s{cnc s>lcelg $lcnc IrEI g uq I *; -* i pe^lo^ur eseqt Jo ob7 L puu ( t elqeJ) sexel uorlerruoJul pue 'Je>loeqc s,dnor8 eql ol pessud ueq] '(EOOy'266I ur peJJncco serJo^oceJ pueq eql Jo eerqt-r(uoc sr Surzn qceg 'Vg6I ,(eure3) ezls Sutzn I{3lqr!\ 'uE.\\aU---:-'i ':- : l'-- '(-tgg eql ot pegoder reqlunu puuq eqt puu pue 'reel\ Jerpee; 'edeqs JeIDeeJ 'ezrs'surelled Joloc s{cnc r{rtrl8 *;- - -: -- l peJeloceJ 'ro1oc epnlcur e8u pue xos 'setceds euruuelep ol pesn - peep punoJ ro '1oqs 'pernldel,et'sI leql) slql uI pepnl--\J'l - : - ;1 pepueq elrellrJ 'e$p xos puu e8e Surprooer pue uorleuuoJul ere./y\ s>lcnC {cBIg uecIreIUV ZSV'991 puq,(q :o s; l --:-: ' - - 'popuuq eJeA\ $lcnq serceds Suqceqc elqnop ',(llecrpoqleu sBurm 'eurr1 erues s1ql Suunq )celg $lcnc {JEIS *:: :- i -- : *". 'xes uusrreruv rnoJ-,fi;r; porpunq o^u puBsnoql o^u eurruexe dnor8 IIBrus qcee ur slsrSololg pue 'e8u peUnSSEe^\\';.;--.:: o1 -,(teuru perpunq euIU '6002 puu uee^ueg 'serceds ,(q s8urzn ,fipuepr ,Qpqu rleql Sunurguoc : - : VI6I $l3np JoJ tr]trp : -'- : -. slse] pessed pue Suturer peAreoeJ eAeq sJe>lcoqc SJ'INSAU $lcnc rIrtrl8 -- -: "- - IIV ,,'re{ceqc,, e peu8rssu sr dnor8 qoeo pue '(eldoed serceds Jat{],. r- :' 'rtunoc pue epecep ,(q pezrreununs sdnor8 otq peleredes ete slsrSolorg S-E) fletus oJ ,.'JBe.i i-r. :- --: ero^\ ewp ruoJJ spJocer ueclretuv 'pesolc eABq suosues Surlunq lsoru sfd {cnc {cBIg IA\oJroleA\ pue ,,eJaq t i.r." :;: ."- * 'GOOZ sp"tlg soxal JeUu Jelulry\ elul uI pelcnpuoc eJe qJlqr!\ 'seeq8urm - - uerueorC pue poozlr{col) JoJ ewp 3L{. ;; - , >looqpuoH eq} ur petuesefi (gt6l srleJJV puopu sercue8e uorlulJesuoc oluls pue 'S'l {o SOJ IeJopeJ lecrSoloaD -r - - : cllqnd Jo Ioor{cs uosuqorg uopu,(1) sexel ;o Surlueserder (s1sr8o1olq eJIIp11n,(greulrd) JJBIS 'GOOZ'Ie seerv IurnteN eqt suolSer lectSolocg '{oolq p qol^ogug) Eurzn ^\olloJ (epnlr8uol opntllul) ulul-0 Surpuodserroc qcee;o (reer( qcter{-rege ro me( qcteq) e8e puu 'xes 'S ^- ,(q t lecrSoloag ; - se^\ 'serceds epnlJur seeq8urzn Burrnp pelcefloc ewg; eql Jo Jelues eql JeqlsJ tnq 'perelunocue pueq pue Suri'*r: - : I eJeq,/y\ eql 'uezorJ puu serceds ,(q pouos eru ,(eqJ 'selrs eeq8urm uerulceds eqt Jo uollecol lcuxe lueserder :- ; lou op sprocer Surpueq qllulr pelercosse seJuulprooJ w elrrre s8ur,,l ecuo 'Surpuur ol roud edolenue 'sexoJ uI porolooer erol{,&\ uot8er lecrSoloce (7) pue s,Surzn r.IJee uo eluls lselJeq pue '.(1unoc lselffq pepueq uorJecot (t) euilurelop ol (gOOZ dYNcrV) 'alap lselJeq pJoceJ sJelunH 'eeq8ur16 ,(eznr(19 eseqelep lerleds e uI per(eldstp oJoA\ spJoceJ IeJluoJ oql o] s8utzn rleqt lFuqns srelunq IA\oJreleA\ .(renocer pueq qlll\ polelcosse seleurpJooJ sexeJ 'S'n eql ur pleq .,seeq8ull\,, JnoJ Jo ouo ol 'setceds pellltuqns eJu s8urzu. Jleql 'sea.q Jelunq eql eJeql\ uo qloq ur xes Surutrurelep roJ locolord ol{l Jo ued Surpuedeq 'edolelue u,,!\o sll q ,(leleredes pelreru reln8er e sr s8urm Burrnsee6 'GOe1 ,(eure3) seluur sr Surlr qceg 'uosees Surlunq IA\oJrolBA\ eql Surrnp llnpe 's8urzlr lse8rel eql qlr^\ uoqoc IcnC pel]lory pelselreq {cnp qcee IUoU Sutzn euo 'S7y1CS1 eql Jo esoqt ueqt re8uol (E'O : flS 'LuIu Z'V7Z) eql ,(q pepr^ord sedolelue pred-e8elsod eIA ']Iuqns e8erenu uo s8url\ suq'selerue; eJnJulutur 'ezrs Sutzvr 01 pelsnrlsur ore ,(enrns eql ur srelunH 'Gooz ]selleuIs eq] qllr\\ UoI{oc {cBIg ueolreluv oql 'le te qcr^ouuu 'I 002 rerueuue) 'rc02 uosrepuv lsn( ruryq0H ptt!1 -t 'roloero6 '(8661 ,(eure3) (lenttcedser '(V'I : iIS) pue uoUV '966I {coqlsoH ''3'e) scrureur(p r s.l ruru yZ7Z puu (f'O : ES) ruru 9'06Z e8urene uorlelndod Iepou pue 'suorluln8er Surlunq les s{cnc pel}loN elBlu llnpB puu s>lcnc {celg 'uorlcnpord Ienuue elenlele'suorlelndod JoJIuou ueclJoruv oleru llnpe ro; sqt8uel qclou Sut,rvr oql 01 posn sr uorlBrrroJul sltlJ 'lse^rull IA\oJreleA\ '(ZeO1 ,(eu"re3) s8urzn {cnq pelilo6 uel{t re8rul IBnuuB eql Jo uorlrsodtuoc e8u puu 'xes 'serceds uo qonru eJu sleruel pue (1ulue1 reluer8 pue 'rcleet? uorJeuuoJul loalloo ot sl SJd eql Jo esodrnd ,(reurrrd SYXfI 'elpplu 'ressel) sueloc uo Sur8pe ul\orq ssel eleq eqJ 'elels r{cee ur sJe}unq I^\oJJeleA\ Jo seldtuus TYNiOIIIOOY

9E 36

Table 1. Date anC raflge" indicates the Duck. Some bandei represent only ducks

Band Number

0000-04597 0002-28454 0002-97213 0002-978t3 0004-57 556 0026-9rr44 0026-94001 0026-9426s 0046-31710 0346-38298 0397 -25t7 6 0387 -03693 0397 -25107 0387- 14587 0396-0061s 0407 -3093t 0397 -29245

037 5- 198 1 1 0457 -01646 0477 -407 61 0457 -07 663 0557 -39t39 0551-39t41 l- 04r6-28382 Figure 1. Examples of (left) and Mottled Duck (righQ wings submitted to the Cooperative Waterfowl parts 04t6-28482 Collection Survey during the 2008_2009 hunting season. 0577 -04500 0827 -9t57 6 l- 2009, there have been 25,814 Mallard x American 1950. However, there have been 15 banded 0177 -83843 0727 -4r34r Black Duck hybrids banded. American Black Ducks encountered in Texas since -44122 Hunters submitted 15,013 American Black Duck 1950 and 35 American Black Ducks wings 0657 0897 -4t956 wings to the PCS during the 1970-71 through submitted through the PCS from Texas since the 0947 -25862 1- 2008-09 hunting seasons. Of those,35 were 1969-1910 hunting season. Eight additional band tt67 -1 18 15 submitted from Texas (Table these recoveries 2) and occurred in Texas during this period, but t457 -02394 submissions accounted 45Vo for of American Black they involved American Black Ducks banded 1377 -68444 Duck wings submitted to the outside of their breeding range. t237 -33711 Wingbee. The number of wings submitted from Data from band recoveries and PCS wings each 2307 -s9370 Texas during each decade ranged from 2 (1970s, have advantages over sighting records. Both are 2411-05590 2000s) to 18 (1980s). American Black Duck wings based on systematic observations by biologists of 2327 -0222r were submitted from 18 different counties (Fig. 2), in the hand or wings in the hand. Banding 1537 -t2839 -79251 with the most (9) coming from Jefferson Co. crews typically have multiple individuals handling 0957 2397 -557 42 ducks, and difficult decisions concerning species 1337 -68491 DISCUSSION identiflcation are deferred to the most experienced Although far fewer than I7o of American Black banding crew members. Likewise, PCS wings are lThe Bird Banding La: -: - Duck band recoveries or PCS wings came from always examined by multiple personnel. Although approximate which iJr-. - _i -.- 2Post Texas, we provide evidence this species occurs both datasets rely on public cooperation, neither Oak Sa./Blacki.r:; :-- = 3Recovery location r3c -:r: : more frequently in Texas than suggested by TBRC requires those cooperators to be able to identify records. The TBRC recognizes eight records since birds. Both methods attempt to obtain representative

Bull. Texas Ornith. Soc. 43(l-2):2010 ol0z t(u-])€b'cos 'quuro sexel 'IIng

e^rlulueseJdeJ ulElq.l ,fiuuepl ot olqe :c Jeqlleu 'uotJe:adtli l .serr*Id pw,sers pu" qerc;:,#8 ;:*: lffi.l1H,'fr',.,"1 s"6'i,::: .uo1; 'lauuos-;: sea f,:elocer puzq qcee (gL6I srreJy cllqnd Jo Iooqcs uosuqol 'g uopu,{.1) uor8er pctSoloce qcgqm eleulxordde q8noqtly (roleroqel o1 eseqelup ppeds e pasn ea qcolq (epnilpl ,(q epnlr8uol) elnuu-Ol ,(q uolteuo;uy ,(:elocer s1cz4 Sutpwg prtg aqa, ere s8urzn Sfd '3."':' pecuolJedxa lsolL : -: SAA aeN suruld q8ff v00z-r0 >lro v86r-20 16V89- LETI SeIcedS Suru:atut : 'rd puuplcelg/'ug }sod SEA orJuluo L66r-80 ZV 199- L6EZ {uO EOOZ-ZI Surlpueq slunpl \i: .. suruld q8*t SEA oF{o IOOZ-IO 6L6T_ZO L9Z6L- L96O Surpueg 'puet{ :-: 'rd pueplcelg/'ug {eO tsod OOOZ-ZT SOA >lcr^rsurug A\eN L66r-60 6E8ZI- LE;I slsrSolotq i.i r - nBeleld spJB^\pE OOOZ-ZT SEA pue1,fte14 z86I -80 rcZZO-LZEZ ;o oJe I{1og 'SpJtr li- : 'rd puuplcBlg/'Bs {eO tsod 666t-Zr oN ue^\eqclE{ses 966 r -80 069S0- LIVZ r{cBe s8ulu. :.--- saIJIeJd IBlseoJ S66I-ZI se >lCI1Y\SunJg A\eN 066r- L0 OLE69- LOTZ sfd 'rd pueplcelg/'us {eo lsod S66I-IO so ,(esre1 A\oN 986I-I0 LI LEE. LEZI '; - sureld 3ur11og 686I-I I oN uuuluol l v86t-60 VW89- LLEI pepuEq slrnc - serJrBJd IulseoJ 9861-ZI SEA eloseuuu l s86r-0r V6EZO- L;VT lnq 'poFed srq: -' - *- spoo1!\r(eur4 z86r-t0 SEA puBIpunoJAeN 6L6t-0r 9I 8I I- L9II pueq IeuoIlIpF: :-. sorJrBJd so ursuossrlv[ 696r-60 29892- LV60 IslseoJ 086I-ZI eqleY+ e3urs vvuru sE\;I --- \,. nueleld spJBlY\pE se v L6r-80 996rV- 1680 9 L6r-r0 ryoI ^\eN sululd 8ut1og OL6I-II se UIsuocsrlv\ 996r- L0 zzwv- 1990 eculs sBxsl ul i:-; - 'rd puugculg/'u5 {eO tsod 8961-ZI oN BuroquPIo 996r-r0 IVEIV- LZLO pepuuq 9l u;;- : 'rd puuplsulg/'es IBo ]sod 896T-ZI oN sBxeJ 996r-80 EV8E8- LLLO sexoJ 896r-90 oN sssuu>lJv L96r-r0 9 L9I6- LZSO 'rd puBPlsulg/'es {eo lsod 8S6I-IO oN uuIoquplo 996t-20 009v0- LL90 seIJIsJd IBlseoJ L96t-r0 se ryoI IV6I-OI z\v8z-9rv0 ^\aN sued lzu.oJJelr.11 ' sorrr€Jd IulsuoJ 996r-r0 se >lJo A\oN IV6I-OI Z8E\Z-9IVO 'rd puuHculg/'es ryo lsod 9S6I-I I oN uuloquPlo 996r-20 IVI6E- L99O rd puuplculg/'us IeO tsod 996r-20 oN uuroqBplo E96I-IO 6EI6E- L99O seIJIeJd lulseoJ I96T-ZI SEA slou{ll 8V6I-II 899 L0- L9V0 zsexeJ 6V6r-t0 SOA srouqII 8V6r-rt L9 LOV- LL'O serJruJd IelseoJ LV6I-ZI setr. SIoUIIII LV6I-TT 9V9 L0- L9V0 spoomr(eur4 LV6I-ZI SEA euurpul 916I -0r I I86I -S LEO serJreJd IulsuoJ 9V6t-Zr se ueBrqcr171 tv6r-90 9VZ6Z- L6t0 EsBxel w6r-ro se sroulflI ZV6I-II rf,60t- L0v0 suruld 8ut1og OV6T-II oN BUUISInOT 8g6I-I I 91900-9680 'rd puBplculg/'u5 {eo lsod 0v6r-20 oN uto{?c qlnos 6t6I -0I L89Vt-t890 sorJrBJd IslSeoJ 6E6T-ZI se ueBqctl4 6E6r-60 LOI;Z_ L6EO spoom.(eur6 6E6I-ZT oN ulo>luc {1no5 8g6r-80 E69EO- LSEO serJreJd IelsBoS 6E6I-II se uuBrqcrl4 6E6r-60 9 LI;Z- L6TO spoo1|r(eur4 BE6I-ZT se ueBrqcr6 8E6r-60 86288-9Vt0 serJreJd IBlsBoJ LE6I SOA uuBrqcrl4l 9E6t-V0 OLLLE-qVOO serJrBJd IelssoJ VE6I-ZI so ueBrqcrl4l vE6r-60 sgzv6-9200 sorJreJd IelseoJ EE6I-IO se orJeluo I E6I-80 100v6-9200 sureld 3ur11og I g6I -IO se ursuocsr/v[ 0E6 r -60 vvrr6-9200 ssrJreJd IulseoJ 9Z6T-ZI SEA oIJEluO 9Z6I-OI 9EStE-r000 serJrBJd IBlseoJ VZ6I-II se orJBluo vz6r-60 tr?L6-2000 'rd puuplcelg/'eg {BO lsod EZ6I-OI SEA orJeluo EZ6I-OI ELZL6-ZOOO serJreJd IBlsBoJ EZ6I-IO SOA orJeluo ZZ6I-OI v9v8z-2000 z'rd puel>lcelg/'us {BO tsod 0z6t-tr se oIJBluo 0z6r-60 t6Er0-0000

,uor8eg OlB(I eBuug uor]33oT e]3c JeqrunN ,fte,,r.oceg ,fte,toceg eJoJ Surpueg Surpueg pueg

'pegoder s>lcnp ,(po lueserde"t sprocer lqul Surpuug prlg eqt ot peuoder te8 releu srelunq ,(q pelselrel{ $lJnp pepueq oIUoS '{cnq ^\oleq {3€Ig uecrreruv eql Jo (0002 'p lo erocSuo-I) eSuer Surpeerq ,fueurrd eqt ur sen\ {cnp eq} seleolpq ,.e8uuJ oroJ,, '600z qSnorql sexeJ uI pelsolreq $lcnc {culg uBsrreruv pepuBq roJ ewp uollecol puB elec 'I elqBJ

LE 38

samples of waterfou I :.:: based on an exPlicit sar.:- The American Blaci. D High Plains -'-tt'- 417 ,715 from 1990 to American Black Duck P'-: Pineytluoods be between 414.600 e:; 2009). Considerin-e th;: : the American Black D;:r. Rolling Plains any one time and an 3"": recovered annualll. it :. -:

we report represenl .:- - occuffing in Texas. Blackland Prairies ffi For our purposeS. c-*-I *j-"u --*'" 5"\,{ ...""\rS$ on ( 1) ability of L''ai-- : - : Tmn*-Pscos f' -'"-%**"*-'*h species being bandeC- - Hdwards Plat*au (e.g., species codes ani i :':; accurate reporting of i-":, encountered (most like-; -- reporting aband. \\-e r:--: involves sexin-g and r:-:-- South T*x*s eITOfS. EVen SO. \\ e ;1.-. _, Kiloneters Brush Cauntry Black Ducks bandeC ,l'-'-' n llff 3?il 44S Csastal Frairies range to minimize th- i': + 25 r'. ith ::-:: UnfortunatelY. - is no way of knou ing '' ' Coastal $and Plain place for record keeP-:- (80+ years). We su=:r-: -: was encountered c&fl [t :' Duck records in Texas based on band recoveries (pink square 1; red star = 2) and Cooperative Waterfowl Figure 2. American Black = was accuratell' report.: : Collection Survey records (shaded counties). Parts Collection Survey information is based on wings submitted by a random sample Parts most likely source c: ::: of hunters that agree to participate in a U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service suwey. Some counties have multiple records (refer to Table 2). information assoc i::= : encounter. Although ::; I Table 2. Texas counties coffesponding to harvest location of American Black Ducks submitted to the associated with an 3--:- ' r' Cooperative Waterfowl Parts Collection Survey (PCS) during the 1910-l t hunting season through the duck was han'ested - : 2008-09 hunting season. individual reporting ir':- : their home location. i:s::. from Texas Texas Counties Represented in PCS (number of wings) Hunting Year Number of Wings example, a Texas resl:;:-: an'J r:r*- t972-73 1 Jefferson (1) returned home r97 4-t 5 1 Chambers (1) his/her hometou n. -\: : :": (1), (3) 1980-8 1 4 Harris Jefferson is mis-read band Ii *: : a t98r-82 J Jefferson (2), Trrnity (1) attempts to follo\\' uF' --: \' (1) 1983-84 1 Kaufman Data from the PCS '- \ Brazorra (2) 1986-87 2 American Black Du;i-. :- 1988-89 Ja Aransas (1), Chambers (1), Hidalgo (1) than accepted si-qhtnni ::; (2), (1), (1) 1 989-90 5 Angelina (1), Lampasas Trinity Willacy a shorter time series. '-l-' t990-9t 4 Brazorra (1), Chambers (1), Fort Bend (1), Liberty (1) 35 American Black D-: t99r-92 2 Jefferson (1), Montgomery (1) thc P'[ t992-93 2 Chambers (1), Waller (1) Texas. Althou-uh 1993-94 1 Brazorra (1) hunter's abilitl' to in;;r-::: .l r994-95 J Brazorra (1), Jefferson (2) rely upon hunters I'l ;- t997 -98 Matagorda (1) county of harvest. \\-e ;.: 2002-03 Washington (1) a hunter might tePtrri -: 2008-09 Harrison (1) they are provided ins::-:"

Bull. Texas Ornith. Soc. 43(l'2):2010 U1Z :(Z-D1V'oos'qtluro sexoJ'llng Surreqs roJ (SJ4) ,(en;ns uoltcello3 sued tse^reH eluls lsenrul{ qloq uo suollctulsur peplAoJd erc r(eqt s(eclnros eJIIpll^iK puB I{slC 'S'n eql puB sprooer lnq 'uorleturoJul aJBJnJOEuI lroder lq8ru Jelunq e Surpuuq ol ssocoe sn 8urtro11e JoJ W-I Surpuug ,fiqrqrssod eql epnloxo Jouuec 016 'lse^req Jo ,fiunoc prlg s,,(elrn5 lucrSoloeg 's'1-I eql >1ue{1 ea pue elels uoder ,(lelerncce o1 srelunq uodn ,(1er SJNANCCTII-IAON)JV seop 1r 'setJeds ,(q sprlq ,fpuepul of ,qryqe s(relunq eqt uo ,(1er lou seop SJd eIP q8noqtl$ 'sexeJ 'uorlBls ur pelso^rer{ ,(1pe3e11u S>l3nc {3elg uBclreruv 9E (1) ,fireql-I '( I r Pu;E -: : e8e11o3 ',firsre,uu1 NryV sexoJ le posnoq olC ;o s8urzvr peurpluoc lese]ep slql 'seues eull Jeuoqs u suxeJ eql ur sJsrxo ,(peerle ulqll^\ ueAE 'eteclpul sprocor Surlq8rs peldeoou ueql sproceg crqdurSolotld ,l --: t: eseqelep rullruls v 'uoJJe Ietuluru qtl^\ pedolenep wxeJ ur uoruruoc eJotu oJe s>l3nc {celg ueclJetuv eq ,(1e>1rl plnoo sedolerrue Surpuodseuoc rreql pue uoruesse rno peuoddns osle SJd eql ruo4 eluq 'spJoooJ A\olloJ sldtuepe ,,s8urzr emt,,go sqderSoloqd ,fi11unb q8lq Sutnrqcre lcedsns uo dn ol -Igg pueJ-sltu sI Jo ruels,(s e 'Je^ezroH 'tlncrgrp ,(1ecpsr8o1 oq plnoc eql 'lenervroq lsraqunu pueq uoucelloc e ur s8urzn eret ueAe Sutnrqcle 'seeqSurzn Jorlo Jo ecJnos Ielluetod JeIflouV 'ul\oJeruoq req/sq ,(q pelpuuq s8ul^\ Jo roqrunu reeqs eqt Jo osneceg sB uorlecol Jelunocue uoder pue euoq perurueJ 'eseqelep crqderSoloqd e uI Jo uoqcelloc runesnlu ,(uur elels Jo lno Suqunq lueplseJ suxeJ e 'elduuxe e q s8urzn Burnrqcru ,(q perrordtur eq plnoc soluls Joc 'uollecol Jolunocue p?elsut 'uouucol eruotl Jleql ,(em,(1g Iu4ueJ Jer{to Jo sexel ol oret ,(y1er1ue1od pegoder r(pe>lets1u uollerrrloJul Suruoder Ienpl^lpul s>lcnp Suuueuncop ro; s8ul^\ SJd Jo enle^ eql eq] ,fiqrqrssod e sr eJoql '(pelsenreq se,/y\ >lcnp eql q8norqt uoSr3: :-:-- - 'pezrurlrucs eJoql\ ''3'e) pu€q Jelunocue Iunlou ue qlll\ pelulsossu eql Ol penllUqns :).-i- - '' -Igg 'rolunocue oq ruts plnoqs etuls eqt ]noq8norqt pue ]suoc oql uo uoueuuoJul stsenber eqt q8noqllv s8urlq8rs {onq {oBIg ueclretuv Iurluelod 'spuq,(q pueq v Suruoder qlll\ peleloosse uorlururoJul uerlreruv x prBIIuN Suuelunooue uorlusol sr los uwP e q Jorle Jo ecJnos ,(1e4rl lsol.U {cnq {relg eldues uopu€J e i:. ;:-:'--- - ,firpqrssod pue uorluorJlluaprslru Jo eouul{o eql 'sseloqlouoN '-Igg eq] o1 pegoder,(lelerncce sel\ Jo IA\oJJele Ae,ltleraJc\- - :-- I = -r eql Jo esneceg 'sreprlq ,(q sSurlqSrs Ielluelod uo dn U pepllord 'Jcerloc peunsse oq uec peJelunooue se.&\ '(sruer( ot epelu eq oslu plnoqs UoJJE 'uorleculluopr pueq oqt qoll{^\ q etels eql tcedsns e16 +08) ^\olloJ redord JoJ $lJnC {celg uuclreruY eq ,(eu eAerloq seuos eurp enJue egl JeAo Surdee4 pJoceJ ro; eculd u(eqt sprlq enes plnoqs sretunq'(gg0t) t{cllnd ur eJe,&\ sloJ]uoc ,fiI1enb ]BqAA Surznoul yo ,(ezn ou sI ,(q pe1se88ns sV 'JUSI eqt ol pegoder $lcnq eJeql 's1ese1ep uue]-8uo1 .(ueru qlll\ se '.(leleunuoJun >lculg u€cIJeIuV osueJcur lq8ru sJelunq pue srepJrq Torre ropuuq Jo ,Qrpqrssod eq] ezruluru o1 eSuer plse":': ueo^ueq uorleclunruruoc peseeJcul 'pelueluncop Surpeerq ,fteurud oq] eplstno pepueq $lcnq {cBIg s0ulejd 'sJorlo eq re^eu ,(eu relunq B ,(q peulluepr ,(Fedord s4cnq uecuoruv Jo spJoceJ popnlcxe eA\ 'os ueng >lJBIg ueolJeruv pelsoAJBLI uele '.(lrunturuoc Surplq serceds uBID JeqlBJ sJoJJe Sur8e pue Surxes senlolul 'puuq oql 01 pelcouuoc IIoA\ lou sI Jelunq e;t 'elouuequnc ,(le>11l pue 'erer sI JoJre oAeIIoq e7y1 e Suruoder 'serceds olu eql ueelueq solllJulltuls 01 onp Ienpl^lpq eq] .(q (pe1se^req ,(le{ll lsour) perelunoruo srelunq ,(q pelcelepun oB uor8eJ slq] uI polso^Jeq sBA\ pueq eq] eJoql\ uolJeool Jo Suruode t oletnloe $lcnq >lcBIg ueolJeruv .(uutu sueoru f,le{I (S) puu '(uorleutoJul uollecol ptru sepoc selcods ''3'e) sHI '(SS0I re>luquezlnts) suxel ut $lcnq peluolu\l Surdee4 procer elernooe (O 'pepueq Sureq serceds Jo e8uur ,fueurrd eq] sr sltlJ 'serJIBJd IBlsBoJ ,(;ltuepr ,(lelerncce o1 srepueq Jo ,tryqe ( t ) uo oql tuo4 oluuc spJocer sJd puB selJe^ocer puuq spuedep ewp Surpueq;o ,firpnb 'sesofund rno rog 'sexel Jo ob1s Surlseretq sl tl '(0002'V te eroc8uol '866I ur Sutuncco 'lB le uoproD '686I 'lB te uogo6) stutlqeq Ielseoc s>lcnq {celg uBOIroIuV IIB lueserder uoder e./K qll,\\ pelBrcosse ,(13uo4s eru EclJeurv {uo5 luo}seo $lcnp pepueq elqeqordull sl ll 'r(11enuuu perenocer ur Surrelutzlr $lcnq {culg uecueruy q8noqtlV sr uoruodord Jellerus uelo ue puu etul] euo ,(ue 'ecueserd 1e popueq sl uorlelndod lcnq {rulg uecrroruv eql rleql rog uoddns seprAord sexel ruo4 SJd eqt ol ;o e8uluecred Uetus .(re,r e wql SuueprsuoJ 'GOOZ pe]lluqns s8url\ >lcnq {celg uBcIreIuV Jo requnu 'lE p rcg&m7) O0lZZg puu OO7'VL uoo^ueq oq spooiM€ -.- e8rul ,(1enr1e1er eql 'uotJecol lsoAJeII ol lcedser ol pelerulJse sB^\ uorlelndod >1cnq {celg uecrJoIUV '6002 qllr\\ se>lelsru Ierluolod euos Jo ,qlllqrssod eql qll^\ Surpeerq eqt '600Z uI ot 066I tuo4 gI[LLV ue^g 'ecuoprseJ Jo olels s.Jelunq eqt q pelse^Jug pe8ererre uorlulndod lcnq {celg ueclreruv eql 'erue4 seA\ prlq oq] petunssu q 1l 'lsezrreq Jo elels elBclpul Surldues lrcrldxo ue uo pesuq lou seop relunq eqt ueqA\ ',fiunoc lse^r?I{ pue sl SJd eql puu 'suorlelndod I^\oJrolu^\ Jo seldrues

6E 40

Wildlife wingbee data. Kenneth Richkus suggested that we the Southeastern Atlantic Coastal Plain. incorporate PCS data into the manuscript and Society Bulletin 29:1193-1205 . Locrwooo, M. W aNo B. FnEpMAN. 2004. Handbook of Robert Raftovich assisted us with searching the Texas Birds. Texas A&M University Press, College PCS data. Danny Bystrak, Paul Padding, Robert LO\ Station. Shackelford provided Raftovich, and Cliff LorccoRE, J. R., D. G. McAuLEY, G. R. HEee, aNo J. M. The Dar io -r comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Ruvrr.ren. 2000. American Black Duck (Anas rubripes). findings and conclusions in this article are those of , Number 481. The Birds of tThe -". -\-.;. ,. the authors and do not necessarily represent the LvxooN B. JonNsoN Scsool oF Pusr-rc Arpams. 2009. -i -- views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Preserving Texas' natural heritage. Policy Research Cc'anr', - Project Report 31:1-34,Lyndon B. Johnson School of DPW Environnt€rl.-"; - ;j Public Affairs, University of Texas, Austin. LITERATURE CITED MonroN, J. M., R. L. KmrparRICK, M. R. VaucsaN, AND ABSTRACT -- ArroN, A. D. aNo M. G. ANopnsoN. 2001. Declining D. F. SrauppEn. 1989. Habitat use and movements of Vireos ( l irz, .. - scaup populations: a retrospective analysis of long- American Black Ducks in winter. Journal of Wildlife 23 years r ielc::. -

of 5 3 : term population and harvest survey data. Journal Management 390-400. data. We det---. -: 65:1 8t-7 96. PuLrcH, W. 1988. The birds of north central Texas. Wildlife Management M. individuals L'';:"::: AncMAP. 2006. Arc GIS 9 ATcMAP 9.2. ESRI, Inc., Texas A&M University Press, College Station. not reach age. > - Redlands, California. Rerrovtcu, R. V., K. A. WrlrrNS, K. D. Rrctrus, S. S. longevities '.r 3:': - Bpllnosp. F. C. 1988. Ducks geese and of North WrLIaus, AND H. L. Spnrccs. 2009. Migratory bird .': America. Third Edition. Stackpole Books, Harrisburg, hunting activity and harvest during the 2007 and 2008 species. Age :-: Pennsylvania. hunting seasons. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, color-bandei l;r ; CanNEv, S. M. t964. Preliminary keys to waterfowl age Maryland. www.fws.gov/migratorybirdsNewReports than we obsel=.i I i '.i. and sex identification by means of wing . PublicationsAllPihip.htm (acces sed 2 Apnl 2010) . species in the -- . Special Scientific Report - Wildlife No. 82, U.S. Fish Sp,vrrp,nr, K. D. 2001 Birds of the Texas panhandle: their considerable ;:: : : and Wildlife Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, status, distribution, and history. Texas A&M University Washington, D.C. Press, College Station. age and sex identification SrurzsNBAKER, C. D. 1988. The Mottled Duck, its life CanNEv, S. M. 1992. Species, I\TR. - : of ducks using wing plumage. U.S. Fish and Wildlife history, ecology, and management. Texas Parks and Farner (19-+5 t Cr.:-:-. - Service, U.S. Department of Interior, Washington, Wildlife Department, Austin. of longevity. "Pote::-' D.C. Zwrprpn, N. L., W. E. RHoors, E. D. Sn-vBnuaN, G. S. span attaine; - CenNEv, S. M. 1993. Observations on sexing and Znraur,nvAN, AND M. D. KoNsrr. 2009. Trends in duck life -: such es :: -; aging ducks using wings. Office of Migratory Bird breeding populations, 1955-2009. July I, 2009. U.S. conditions " Management, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, Maryland. potential lon-ueviti ' -- :

- p -: Maryland. ww w. fl y w ay s . u s/im a g e s/p df/Trend Rep ort-2009. df the wild. Several ;*--- "i'.':. FBovNIcH, A. M. aNn O. E. Rsoops. 1995. Mallard-like (accessed 2 April 2010). type (hereafter - : ducks in the Playa Lakes Region. Wilson Bulletin U.S. GBoI-ocICAL Sunvpv. 2009. Bands across North birds (Kennard I Y-: t Survey and U.S. Fish and r 107:548-551. America. U.S. Geological Klimkiewtcz et a^" - - GonpoN, D. H., B. T. Gnav, aNo R. M. KarraINSKI. 1998. Wildlife Service. www.flyways.us/surveys-and- Futcher 1987. 19!Y il- Dabbling duck-habitat associations during winter monitoring/banding - and-marking -pro grams/b ands - Laboratory of I:. - in coastal . Journal of Wildlife across-america (accesse d 2 Aprrl 2010). maintains and uPC;i;' - Management 62:5 69-5 80. Wzucnr, B. S.1954. High tide and an east wind: the story ' American : Hesrnrcr, J. B. t995. Response of of the black duck. Stackpole Company, Harrisburg, North -::' breeding populations to drought, 196l-92. Journal of Pennsylvania. 2009). However. ir.: . r'; Wildlife Management 59:9-15. bird species is lin-,t:": rc KpNNaurR, R. A. 2001. Relating climatological patterns duration or becaui3 : -' : to conditions and production in and monitored thrr'-:: The Black-capPej '- : federally-listed en j-:-: : :

shrub-dominated h;r " "; " of the largest knc''i :- lr breeds at Fort Hoo; ),[- and Coryell coun::: ' Biologists have ban;;: E

Butl. Texas Ornith. Soc. 43(l-2):2010