Hunting (Small Game, Furbearer, Big Game, Waterfowl, and Other Migratory Game Birds)
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DRAFT COMPATIBILITY DETERMINATION USE: Hunting (small game, furbearer, big game, waterfowl, and other migratory game birds) REFUGE NAME: Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge (Tamarac NWR, Refuge) ESTABLISHING AND ACQUISITION AUTHORITY(IES): Executive Order 7902 on May 31, 1938, Migratory Bird Conservation Act and the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act. REFUGE PURPOSE(S): Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1938: • “... as a refuge and breeding ground for migratory birds and other wildlife: ...” Executive Order 7902, dated May 31, 1938 • “... for use as an inviolate sanctuary, or for any other management purpose, for migratory birds.” 16 U.S.C. 715d (Migratory Bird Conservation Act) • “... conservation, management, and restoration of the fish, wildlife, and plant resources and their habitats for the benefit of present and future generations of Americans...” 16 U.S.C. 668dd(a)(2) (National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act) NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM MISSION: “...To administer a national network of lands and waters for the conservation, management, and where appropriate, restoration of the fish, wildlife, and plant resources and their habitats within the United States for the benefit of present and future generations of Americans.” DESCRIPTION OF USE: What is the Use? Hunting of game is an activity conducted by the public under regulation authority of the National Wildlife Refuge System Improvement Act; it is considered a priority public use. This Compatibility Determination updates and supersedes previous hunting related CDs and is being completed as part of the 2018 Tamarac National Wildlife Refuge Hunt Plan and Environmental Assessment. This CD will reevaluate the hunting of small game (ruffed grouse, gray, red and fox squirrel, snowshoe hare, cottontail rabbit, and wild turkey), furbearers (bobcat, red fox, raccoon and striped skunk), big game (white-tailed deer), migratory waterfowl (ducks, geese, merganser) and migratory game birds (American woodcock, coot, common snipe, Virginia rail, sora, mourning dove, and American crow), as described in the 2018 Tamarac NWR Hunt Plan. All hunting activities will follow state, federal, and tribal laws and seasons, except where the refuge administers further restrictions to ensure compliance with refuge-specific laws and compatibility issues. Supporting uses such as use of non-motorized and motorized boats in order to hunt will be evaluated. Where is the use conducted? The described hunting will occur on refuge lands, specifically identified within the congressionally approved boundary as outlined in the 2018 Tamarac NWR Hunt Plan and as indicated on Refuge hunt maps (see map attached). Adding new lands, species, or hunts requires submission of an opening package, which includes an announcement in the Federal Register; this is done on an annual basis. The entire Refuge is open to small game, furbearer, and deer hunting except, approximately 1,400 acres surrounding the Refuge Headquarters and public use facilities that are closed to all hunting. Migratory waterfowl and game bird hunting is restricted to two areas: • Area north of County Highway 143 up to Egg Lake Trail and east to County Highway 35, including Big Egg, Lower Egg, Wauboose, Dry, Two Island and Carmen Lakes. • Area south of County Road 26 extending to the southern refuge boundary, except for approximately 3,500 acres east of County Highway 29 and surrounding Blackbird and South Chippewa Lakes. When is the use conducted? The hunting season traditionally begins in September on the Refuge. All hunting activities are in accordance with the state of Minnesota and White Earth Tribal seasons. Some of the more popular species and seasons hunted include the following: • Migratory Waterfowl – early September to mid-November • Big Game – (white-tailed deer) mid-September to end of December; • Small game – (ruffed grouse) mid-September to early January, (squirrels and rabbits) mid-September through February, (wild turkey) end of September through end of October and mid-April through end of May; • Migratory game birds – (mourning doves) beginning of September through end of November, (American woodcock) mid-September through the beginning of November, (sora, Virginia rail, common snipe) beginning of September through beginning of November; • Furbearer (fox, raccoon and skunk) traditionally the last week of October through the end of February. An annual state youth waterfowl hunt occurs in September, prior to the general migratory waterfowl season. Canada goose hunting has early, regular, and late seasons, beginning as early as September 1 and ending as late as mid-December. The Refuge deer hunting seasons are defined by method of take and are set by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (DNR) with regular firearms as a 9-day season in mid- November; archery typically beginning mid- September through December and muzzle-loader hunting occurring after the firearm season, late November to mid-December. Tribal hunting seasons generally open two weeks prior to state seasons and may extend beyond the state seasons. For additional wildlife observation opportunities during the hunting season and to minimize conflict between user groups, a portion of the refuge south of County Road 26 bounded by the Blackbird Wildlife Drive and County Highway 29 is delayed for small game, furbearer, deer, and fall turkey hunting until October 15. The Blackbird Wildlife Drive, Old Indian Hiking Trail, and North Country National Scenic Trail located in this section are popular for wildlife photographers and nature enthusiasts to experience the spectacular fall colors of the area. How is the use conducted? To ensure a quality hunt and visitor and staff safety, all hunting activities are in accordance with federal, state, and White Earth Tribal regulation, subject to refuge-specific regulations. State regulations, such as seasons, bag limits, and general methods of take, are published in the Minnesota Hunting and Trapping Regulations Handbook annually. Other state regulations incorporated into the Refuge hunting program include all methods of take legal in Minnesota except trapping, (i.e., firearms, archery, falconry), all weapons and ammunition restrictions (e.g., caliber and loads), and all state-regulated special seasons (e.g., youth deer, youth turkey, youth waterfowl) unless otherwise restricted by Refuge-specific regulation. White Earth Tribal regulations apply only to the portion of the refuge within the White Earth Reservation. White Earth Tribal regulations are printed in the Conservation Code Handbooks. A Refuge Hunting Regulations brochure and Hunt Map is available to inform the public of hunting opportunities and refuge regulations. Copies of the hunting brochure are available at the Refuge's Visitor Centers, unit entrance kiosks, and on the Refuge website. Refuge staff have improved access for hunting which includes providing seasonally opened gates, primitive boat ramps, mowed secondary roads/trails for non-motorized access, and parking areas. Persons with disabilities may be granted special permits for accommodated access or exceptions to some hunting regulations. Special Use Permits will be authorized by the Refuge Manager. Why is the use being proposed? Hunting is a priority public use identified in the National Wildlife Refuge Improvement Act of 1997 and it has traditionally occurred at the refuge without adverse impacts to the purpose for which the refuge was established. The hunt program is administered in accordance with sound wildlife management principles and the utmost concern for public safety. AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES: Facilities and staff are currently available to provide access, maintain roads, parking lots, secondary access roads, as well as, to issue permits that apply. A small amount of road maintenance, mowing, and other upkeep will need to be performed, but are funded as part of regular refuge management activities. Law enforcement is a primary tool necessary to ensure proper and safe administration of this use. The 2010 Comprehensive Conservation Plan identifies the long-term need for one full time employed Law Enforcement Officer. The refuge will work with the Minnesota DNR to ensure that state conservation officers are aware of hunting on the refuge, and are available to assist with law enforcement as a part of their routine duties. Chronic Wasting Disease (CWD) is present in deer in Minnesota and to monitor this the Minnesota DNR has started instituting check stations. Currently there is not CWD nor a check station present on the Refuge but could occur in the future. If a check station were created on the Refuge it would increase the staff time involved in administering hunting use. If this were to occur we anticipate that there will be adequate resources to staff the sampling station. • Special equipment, facilities, or improvements necessary to support the use: funded through regular management activities, no additional funding is needed. • Maintenance costs: funded through regular management activities, no additional funding is needed. • Monitoring costs: funded through annual biological monitoring, no additional funding is needed. • Offsetting revenues: none Based on a review of the refuge budget there is currently enough funding to ensure compatibility and to administer and manage the use at anticipated use levels. ANTICIPATED IMPACTS OF THE USE: Short and Long-term Impacts: This activity has shown no significant environmental impact to the refuge, its habitats or wildlife species,