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Bishul Akum Specific Products Part 2 Volume 14 Issue 6 TOPIC Bishul Akum Specific Products Part 2 SPONSORED BY: KOF-K KOSHER SUPERVISION Compiled by Rabbi MoisheCompiled Dovid by Lebovits Rabbi Moishe Dovid Lebovits Edited by: Rabbi Chanoch Levi Edited by: Rabbi Chanoch Levi WebsiteWebsite Management Management and and Emails: Emails: HALACHICALLY SPEAKING HeshyHeshy Blaustein HALACHICALLY SPEAKING Halachically Speaking is a Halachically Speaking is a monthly publication compiled by monthly publication compiled by Rabbi Moishe Dovid Lebovits, SPONSORED Rabbi Moishe Dovid Lebovits, a former chaver kollel of Yeshiva a former chaver kollel of Yeshiva לזכר נשמת מורי ורבי Torah Vodaath and and a a musmach of of Torah Vodaath musmach הרה"ג רב חיים ישראל HaravHarav Yisroel Yisroel Belsky Belsky zt”l Shlita. Rabbi. Rabbi LebovitsLebovits currently currently works works as the as the ב"ר דוב זצ"ל בעלסקי RabbinicalRabbinical Administrator Administrator for for Dedicated in memory of thethe KOF-K KOF-K Kosher Kosher Supervision. Supervision. לז"נ ר' שלמה בן פנחס ע"ה Each Each issue issue reviews reviews a different a different ר' שלמה בן פנחס ע"ה area of contemporary halacha SPONSORED area of contemporary halacha SPONSORED: withwith an anemphasis emphasis on onpractical practical applications of the principles לז"נ מרת רחל בת אליעזר ע"ה applications of the principles discussed. Significant time is לז"נ מרת רחל בת אליעזר ע"ה discussed. Significant time is SPONSORED spent ensuring the inclusion of spent ensuring the inclusion of ,all relevant shittos on each topic לעילוי נשמת:SPONSORED as allwell relevant as the shittos psak onof eachHarav topic, as well as the psak of Harav מרת לעילוי בריינדל חנה נשמתע"ה Yisroel Belsky, zt”l on current בת ר' חיים אריה יבלח"ט גערשטנער issues.Yisroel Belsky, Shlita on current מרת בריינדל חנה ע"ה .issues בת ר' חיים אריה יבלח"ט גערשטנער WHERE TO SEE HALACHICALLY SPEAKINGWHERE TO SEE HALACHICALLY SPEAKING Halachically Speaking is distributed Halachically to many Speaking shuls. is It distributedcan be seen to in manyFlatbush, shuls. Lakewood,It can beFive seen Towns, in Flatbush, Far Rockaway,Lakewood, and FiveQueens, Towns, The Far Flatbush Jewish Journal, Rockaway, and Queens, The DesignDesign by:by: baltimorejewishlife.com, The Flatbush Jewish Journal, Jewish Home, chazaq.org, and frumtoronto.com.baltimorejewishlife.com, It is sent via The SRULYSRULY PERLPERL 845.694.7186 emailJewish to subscribersHome, chazaq.org, across the and world.frumtoronto.com. It is sent via email to subscribers across the SUBSCRIBE To sponsorworld. an issue please call SUBSCRIBEFOR FREE To718-744-4360 sponsor an issue please call and view archives @ FOR FREE © Copyright 2017 718-744-4360by Halachically Speaking andwww.thehalacha.com view archives @ © Copyright 2018 www.thehalacha.com by Halachically Speaking ח.( )ברכות Bishul Akum Specific Products Part 2 בלבד... הלכה אין לו להקב"ה בעולמו אלא ד' אמות של הלכה בלבד... In another article we discussed many products and their bishul akum status. In this article we will continue to explore more products and whether there is an issue with bishul akum. Fish Bishul akum applies to many types of fish, such as herring, lox, sardines, tuna, and many others. Small fish that are salted or soaked1 can be eaten without cooking, since the salting dries the fish out.2 Therefore, they are not subject to bishul akum.3 Large fish cannot be eaten when salted4 and are subject to bishul akum according to many poskim.5 Raw fish that is cooked by a non-Jew would be subject to bishul akum since fish are served at a king’s table,6 1 Tur Y.D. 113. 2 Mordechai, Maseches Avodah Zarah 832; Chelkas Binyamin 113:111. 3 Issur V’heter 43:16; Maseches Avodah Zarah 38a-b; Rosh 2:29; Ran page 15; Rashba, Toras Habayis 3:7; Rambam, Hilchos Ma’achalos Assuros 17:16; Beis Yosef; Shulchan Aruch 113:12. 4 If they can only be eaten by pushing oneself a lot then all would agree that it is forbidden (Taz 14; Darchei Teshuvah 74). The layer of wheat on the fish is not a concern (Pri Tohar 14). 5 Tosafos, Maseches Avodah Zarah 38a, “dagim”; Mordechai, Maseches Avodah Zarah ibid.; Rashba, Toras Habayis (hakatzer) 3:7, pages 212-213 (new); Tur; Beis Yosef; Bach; Shulchan Aruch 113:12; Toras Chatas 75:24; Levush 13. Refer to Bishul Yisrael pages 105-115 in depth which explains the opinion of the Rambam. Refer to Chelkas Binyamin 113:115 why if a food is cooked a third of the way it is permitted even though it is not edible to most people, and this kind of fish is not permitted even though it is eaten with pushing oneself. 6 Refer to Rambam, Hilchos Ma’achalos Assuros 17:15. SPONSORED BY: Bishul Akum Specific Products Part 2 | 3 but there is a difference between small fish (that always remain small)7 and large ones.8 Fish which remain small are chashuv and are fit to be served at a king’s table, but large fish are not fit to be served on a king’s table, even if they are served while young and small.9 Based on this, herring would be subject to bishul akum since it is a small fish, but since it is readily edible when salted, it is not subject to bishul akum.10 Some say that today even large salted fish are readily eaten, and are not a bishul akum concern.11 An example of this is lox.12 In addition, lox is cold smoked, and smoking is not a concern of bishul akum.13 Salmon Salmon is served at a king’s table and is subject to the halachos of bishul akum.14 The opinion of the Shulchan Aruch15 is that smoking is not subject to the laws of bishul akum (see above). Salmon is commonly found in the form of lox, or nova. Lox is made by brining salmon in a saltwater solution. The 7 Taz 12. 8 Refer to Ramban, Maseches Avodah Zarah 38a; Rashba, Maseches Avodah Zarah ibid. 9 Bach 113; Shach 16; Taz 12; Pri Chadash 20; Shiurei Brachah 14; Minchas Yaakov 75:45; Aruch Hashulchan 26; Kaf Hachaim 69. Some say there is no difference and small fish are not fit to be served on a king’s table (refer to Yabia Omer, Y.D. 5:9:1). 10 Opinion of Harav Yisroel Belsky zt”l, quoted in OU document X-1:111:B; see Aruch Hashulchan 27; Darchei Teshuvah 79; Kitzur Hilchos Bishul Akum (Sharf) 28; Noam Halachah pages 127-128. 11 Aruch Hashulchan 26. Refer to Darchei Teshuvah 113:73. 12 Aruch Hashulchan ibid. Lox is salted for up to four months to make it edible. Sable is salted for four weeks. Opinion of Harav Yisroel Belsky zt”l, quoted in OU document X-1:111:A; Chelkas Binyamin 13 עג.( הבא... )נדה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם כל השונה הלכות בכל יום מובטח לו שהוא בן עולם הבא... )נדה עג.( 113, footnote 308; Kitzur Hilchos Bishul Akum (Sharf) 28; Kitzur Hilchos Bishul Akum (Berger) page 15, 12. 14 Bishul Yisrael (teshuvos) page 8. SPONSORED 15 Y.D. 113:13. See Rambam, Hilchos Ma’achalos Assuros 17:17. BY: 4 | HAlAchicAllY SpeAKiNg cold smoked salmon (nova) is placed in a smoking oven (baked) at around 75°F where the smoked flavor is added to the fish. This cold smoking lasts for 8-24 hours. Many poskim ח.( )ברכות say that cold smoke is not considered cooking at all, and even if it was cooked with hot smoke later it is permitted since it is edible after the cold smoking has taken place.16 If בלבד... הלכה אין לו להקב"ה בעולמו אלא ד' אמות של salmon is hot smoked (at 140°F) only, it would be dependent on the above discussion regarding hot smoke and its relevance to bishul akum.17 If the fish is cold smoked first and then hot smoked it does not require bishul Yisrael.18 Certain salmons are not smoked at all and are cooked in a can. These types of salmon are not fit to be served on a king’s table so there is no concern of bishul akum.19 Broiled salmon is a chashuv food and would require bishul Yisrael.20 Sardines Many say that there is no issue of bishul akum with sardines because some poskim say that small fish are not fit to be served on a king’s table.21 Additionally, the fish is salted (edible) before being cooked in the can.22 Others are stringent regarding sardines and maintain since it is fit 16 Refer to Bishul Yisrael (teshuvos) pages 1-14 in depth. 17 Refer to Daf Hakashrus Volume 3:6, page 25. 18 This is the opinion of the OU as well, as stated in document F-16:3. Refer to Bishul Yisrael (Falk) pages 1-14 in depth. 19 Opinion of Harav Yisroel Belsky zt”l, as stated in OU document A-47:2; see Daf Hakashrus Volume 3:6, page 26; Yeishiv Moshe, Y.D. 6, page 348. 20 Refer to opinion of Harav Yisroel Belsky zt”l, quoted in OU document X-1:111:D; OU document M:7. 21 Opinion of the Be’er Moshe, quoted in Pischei Halachah (Kashrus) page 118, 4. Refer to footnote 448; OU document M-7. 22 Refer to Tiferes Yisrael, Maseches Avodah Zarah 2:55; Yabia Omer, Y.D. 5:9; Halichos Olam 7, pages 124-131; Orchos Habayis 8:15. Refer to Shevet Halevi 6:108:6 which says sardines are not salted before going into the can; Levushei Mordechai 2:148.
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